Module 1: Basic Concepts of Arts 1.

Motivated (Functional):
Architecture, weaving,
● What is art? – art is a highly diverse
furniture-making.
range of human activities engaged in
2. Non-motivated (Non-functional):
creating visual, auditory, or performed
Painting, sculpture, literature, music,
artifacts. Art is a creative activity that
and theatre arts.
expresses imaginative or technical skills.
● ART’s original classical definition was The Common Functions of Art
derived from the latin word “ars”
1. Personal Function - Arts are vehicles
(meaning “skill” or “craft”).
for the artists’ expression of their
● The oldest documented forms of art are
feelings and ideas.
visual arts. Art can be classified as Visual
2. Social Function - It influences social
Art, Literary Art, or Performing Art.
behavior, It seeks or tends to
influence the collective behavior of a
Visual Art - arts that meet the eye
people. When it addresses aspects
and evoke emotion through an
of (collective) life as opposed to one
expression of skill and imagination.
person's point of view or experience.
Such as painting and drawing,
3. Spiritual Function - The designs of
sculpture, printmaking, photography
religious structures tells so many
and installation art.
things about the culture of the
faithful.
Literary Art – something in the form
4. Educational Function - regarded as
of writing or stories that have artistic
'time off for good behavior' or as
and cultural value that displays the
'therapy'" and how the ease and
beauty of speech and language to
carefreeness of the arts are
convey certain meanings.
supposed to bring joy and a sense of
calmness."
Performance Art – a time-based art
5. Political Function - Often they serve
form that typically features a live
to record important historical
presentation to an audience or to
events, or reveal the ideals of
onlookers and draws on such arts as
heroism and leadership that the
acting, poetry, music, dance, and
community would want the young to
painting. It is often recorded on
emulate.
video and by means of still
6. Physical Function - Works of art that
photography.
are created to perform some service
Module 2: Nature and Functions of Arts have physical functions like vases,
benches, chairs, etc.
Nature of art – a creative activity that
expresses imaginative or technical skill. Module 3: Historical Foundations of Arts
Classification of Arts According to Stone Age (30,000 BC – 2500 BC)
Functions
- The Stone Age was the era of cave
painting.
- Well known pieces include the Lascaux
Cave in southwestern France,
- Venus (or Woman) of Willendorf-
thought to represent fertility,
Mesopotamian (3500 BC –539 BC)
- Many stone sculptures and narrative
reliefs, including the stele upon which
Hammurabi’s Code is carved,
- Writing was invented around this time
period, by the Sumerians.
Egyptian (3100 BC -30 BC)
- Busts and statues of royal figures were a
major part of Egyptian art as well, which
has many of its own unique artistic
periods.
Greek and Hellenistic (850 BC –31 BC)
- Hellenistic Greek art was one of idealism
and perfection, which was reflected
greatly in the era’s architecture and
sculptures.
Early and High Renaissance (1400 – 1550)
- The word “Renaissance” is a French
term meaning rebirth, which is exactly
what the Renaissance movement was.
- Music, art, science, philosophy, and
other schools thrived during this era
Baroque (1600 – 1750)
- Baroque artists like Rembrandt and
Caravaggio were well known during this
time for the tense, moody, and
extremely dramatic style of their work,
reflected in lighting techniques and
subject matter.
Neoclassical (1750 – 1850)
- Neoclassicism in the arts is an aesthetic
attitude based on the art of Greece and
Rome in antiquity, which invokes
harmony, clarity, restraint, universality,
and idealism
Romanticism (1780 – 1850)
- Romantic art emphasizes individualism,
emotion, natural beauty, and even
political ideologies.
Realism (1848 – 1900)
- Realist tradition was popular in visual
art of the late 19th century for its
attempt to represent scenes of everyday
life truthfully and without
embellishment or illusion.
Impressionism (1865 – 1885)
- Impressionism might have been one of
the first purely aesthetic art periods, a
style focused on capturing a visual
phenomenon rather than an intensely
political or religious one.
Fauvism and Expressionism (1900 – 1935)
- Fauvism and Expressionism were
introduced with harsh colours and flat
surfaces (Fauvism) and emotionally
disturbing forms.
Cubism, Futurism, Supremativism,
Constructivism, De Stijl (1905 – 1920)
- This era saw shapes, abstract objects, Expression
and highly deconstructed renders of
- It is the ability to convey meaning. It
landscapes and other things used as a
involves low level skills such as spelling,
means of expression,
punctuation, capitalization, and
Dada and Surrealism (1917 – 1950) grammar, but also high-level
composition skills such as planning,
- Elements of dreams and the
organization, determining content, and
subconscious were explored with this
revision to express information
style, as well as wartime horrors.
effectively.
Pop Art (c. 1950s CE - 1960s CE)
Imagination
- The movement was inspired by popular
- It is the ability to produce and simulate
and commercial culture in the western
novel objects, peoples and ideas in the
world and began as a rebellion against
mind without any immediate input of
traditional forms of art.
the senses. Imagination is the ability to
form a mental image of something that
is not perceived through the five senses.
Module 4: Art Appreciation, Creativity,
Imagination and Expression Creativity
- It is a phenomenon whereby something
new and somehow valuable is formed.
ART APPRECIATION
The created item may be intangible
- is the knowledge and understanding of (such as an idea, a scientific theory, a
the universal and timeless qualities that musical composition, or a joke) or a
identify all great art. physical object (such as an invention, a
- printed literary work, or a painting).
Creativity can also be equated with
Why Art Appreciation is Important?
innovation. Innovation in its modern
- It is a good way to understand the meaning is "a new idea, creative
history behind the work, and the period thoughts, and new imaginations in form
from which the piece originated. Artists of device or method".
often reflect the problems that they
face, and the issues of the society in
their work. By analyzing and putting
ourselves in the mind of the artist, we
can better study how differently society
functioned then, compared to now. We
can empathize and relate to the
Module 5: Visual Elements of Arts and
problems they faced on a personal level.
Designs
THE VISUAL ELEMENTS OF ART
LINE
- is the foundation of all drawings. It is
the first and most versatile of the visual
elements of art.
- (1) curved lines suggest comfort and
ease. (2) Horizontal lines suggest
distance and calm (3) Vertical lines
suggest height and strength (4) Jagged
lines suggest turmoil and anxiety.
SHAPE
- Can be natural or man-made, regular or
irregular, flat 2 or solid 3 dimensional,
symbolic, colored, patterned or
textured. Etc….
- The perspective of shapes: the angles
and curves of shapes appear to change
depending on our viewpoint. The
technique used to describe this change
is called perspective drawing.
TONE
- Is the lightness or darkness of a color.
The tonal values of an artwork can be
adjusted to alter its expressive
character.
COLOR
- Is the visual element that has the
strongest effect on our emotions. We
use color to create the mood or
atmosphere of an artwork.
PATTERN
- Is made by repeating or echoing the
elements of an artwork to communicate
a sense of valance, harmony, contrast
and mood.
- Natural Pattern: often based on the
inspiration we get from observing the
natural patters that occur in nature.
- Man-Made Pattern: used for both
structural and decorative purposes.
TEXTURE
- Is the surface quality of an artwork – the
roughness or smoothness of the
material from which it is made.
- Optical Texture: an artist may use skillful
painting technique to create the illusion
of texture.
- Physical Texture: An artist may paint
with expressive brushstrokes whose
texture conveys the physical and
emotional energy of both the artist and
subject.
- Ephemeral Texture: this is a third
category of textures who fleeting forms
are subject to change like clouds,
smoke, flames, bubbles and liquids.
FORM
- Is the physical volume of a shape and
the space that it occupies. It can be
representational or abstract.
THREE-DIMENSIONAL FORM
- Can be modelled (added form), carved
(subtracted form) and constructed
(build form). It can be created from
sculptural materials like clay, wax,
plaster, wood, stone, concrete, cast and
constructed metal, plastics, resins, glass
and mixed media.
TWO-DIMENSIONAL FORM
- Constructs the illusion of 3d in 2d media
by a skillful manipulation of the visual
elements.
Module 6: Principles of Art Pattern
PRINCIPLES OF ART - is the uniform repetition of any of the
elements of art or nay combination
- Essentially a set of criteria which are
thereof. Anything can be turned into a
used to explain how the visual are
pattern through repetition.
arranged in a work of art.
Rhythm
Balance
- is created by movement implied through
- Refers to the visual weight of the
the repetition of elements of art in a
elements of the composition. It is a
non-uniform but organized way.
sense that painting feels stable and
“feels right”.
Balance can be achieved in 3 different
ways:
- Symmetry, in which both sides of a
composition have the same elements in
the same position, or the two sides of a
face.
- Asymmetry, composition is balanced
due to the contrast of any of the
elements of art.
- Radial symmetry, elements are equally
spaced around a central point.
Contrast
- Is the difference between elements of
art in a composition, such that each
element is made stronger in relation to
the other.
Emphasis
- Is when the artist creates an area of the
composition that is visually dominant
and commands the viewer’s attention.
Movement
- Is the result of using the elements of art
such that they move the viewer’s eye
around and within the image.