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HUMAN FLOURISHING
Eudaimonia – literally ‘good spirited’ is a term
coined by renowned Greek philosopher
Aristotle to describe the pinnacle of happiness
that is attainable by humans.
Nichomachean Ethics- best work on ethics of
aristotle
 Human flourishing arises as a result of
different components such phronesis,
friendship, wealth, and power.
 In ancient Greek society they believe
that acquiring these qualities will surely
bring the seekers happiness
 Allow them to partake in the greater
notion of what we call the Good.
 As time change, elements that
comprise human flourishing changed.
 Concept of human flourishing today
proves to be different from what
Aristotle originally perceived.
 Humans of today are expected to
become a ‘man of the world’.
 Western civilization tends to become
more focused on the individual
 Eastern civilization tends to be more
community-centric.
 human flourishing as an end then is
primarily more of a concern for
western civilizations over eastern ones.
 Human flourishing intertwined with
science and technology.
 Good is inherently related to truth.
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
 Observe
 Determine the problem
 Hypothesis
 Experiment
 Gather and analyze
 Conclusion
VERIFICATION THEORY- Earliest criterion that
distinguishes philosophy and science.
 Proposes that a discipline is science if it
can be confirmed or interpreted in the
event of an alternative hypothesis being
accepted.
KARL POPPER- proponent of the verification
theory.
VIENNA CIRCLE- a group of scholars who
believed that only those which can be observed
should be regarded as meaningful and reject
those who are meaningless.
FALSIFICATION THEORY- asserts that as long as
an ideology is not proved to be false over
alternative theories, we should accept the said
ideology.
TECHNOLOGY AS A WAY OF REVEALING
Generation gap- attributed mainly to the
changes brought by technology.
THE HUMAN CONDITION IN THE COMMON
ERA
 Earliest case of man—made extinction
occurred over 12,000 years ago.
 Holocene extinction – sixth extinction
 Anthroprocene extinction- occur early
as 100,00 to 200,00 years up.
THE ESSENCE OF TECHNOLOGY
 We are more developed than before
 Martin Heidegger argued that essence,
purpose, and being are different from
each other.
THE GOOD LIFE
 ‘science’ has been coined the need to
understand the world and reality was
bound with the need to understand the
self and the good life
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 For Plato, the task of understanding the
things in the world runs parallel with
the job of truly getting into what will
make the soul flourish.
 Aristotle gave the distinctive definition
to theoretical and practical sciences.
 Truth’ is the aim to theoretical sciences
 Good’ is the aim to practical sciences
ARISTOTLE
 Approach the problem of reality
from a scientific lens
 First thinker who dabbed into
complex problematization:
happiness
 Claims that this world is all there is
to it and that this world only in the
only reality we can access.
 Two realities: world of forms and
world of matter
John Stuart Mill- declared the greatest
happiness principle.
MATERIALISM
 The first materialist were the atomists in
the Ancient Greece.
 Democritus and Leucippus led a school
whose believe that the world is made
up od and controlled by atomos or
seeds.
Atomos- simply comes together randomly to
form things together.
HEDONISM
Hedonists- see the end goal of life acquiring
pleasure.
 Pleasure is the priority of hedonists.
 For them life is about obtaining and
indulging pleasure because life is
limited.
Epicurus- “eat, drink, and be merry for
tomorrow we die”
STOICISM
 Another school of thought led by
Epicurus
 The idea that generate happiness, one
must learn to distance oneself and be
apathetic.
Apatheia- means to be indifferent.
 For stoics, happiness can only be
attained by a careful practice of apathy.
THEISM
 Most people find the meaning of their
lives using God as a fulcrum od their
existence.
Philippines- people base their life goals on
beliefs that hinged on some form of
supernatural reality called heaven.
HUMANISM-espouses the freedom of man to
carve his own destiny an to legislate his own
laws free from God.
 For humanists, man is literally the
captain of his own ship
WHEN TECHHNOLOGY AN HUMANITY CROSS
TECHONOLOGY- came from the Greek word
techne and logos which means art and word.
17th century- concept was only used to talk
about the arts, specifically applied arts.
KANTAR MEDIA- 92 percent of urban homes
and 70 percent of rural homes own at least one
television set.
 Television was a product of different
experiments by various people.
Paul Gottlieb Nipkow- German student,
successful in his attempt to send imaged
through wires with the aid of a rotating metal
disk.
 This invention was then called ‘electric
telescope’ that had 18lines of
resolution.
Alan Archibald Campbell-Swinton and Boris
Rosing – created the new system of television
by using the cathode ray tube.
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Martin Cooper (April 3, 1973)- senior engineer
at Motorola and made the worlds’ first mobile
phone call.
Motorola DynaTAC 8000x – first commercial
mobile phone.
Charles Babbage- English mathemathics
professor designed the Analytical Engine.
 Which was used as the basic framework
of the computers even until present
time.
April 1981- first true portable computer was
released which was called Osborne 1.
ROBOTICS AND HUMANITY
 Another great product of innovative
minds of the people is the ROBOT.
Robot- actuated mechanism programmable in
two or more axes with a degree of autonomy.
Service robot- perform useful task for humans
or equipment excluding industrial automation
application.
Personal service robot- used for noncommercial
task usually by laypersons.
Professional service robot-used for commercial
task usually operated by properly trained
operator.
 Germany was one of the first countries
to develop service robots.
Partial autonomy- active human robot
interaction
full autonomy- excludes active human-robot
interaction.
CHAPTER III: SPECIFIC ISSUES IN SCIENCE,
TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY
THE INFORMATION AGE
 HIGHLY MODERNIZED, AUTOMATED,
DATE-DRIVEN AND
TECHONOLOGICALLY ADVANCED best
describe our society nowadays.
 Life is accompanied by endless
transmission of information that takes
place within and outside the human
body.
Information- knowledge communicated or
obtained concerning a specific fact or
circumstances.
Information Age- define as a “period starting in
the last quarter of 20th century”
 Also called as Digital Age and the New
Media Age
James R Messenger- proposed the Theory of
information Age in 1982.
Richard Wuman – called the real angst as the
“Information Anxiety”
TYPES OF COMPUTERS
1. Personal Computer- single-user
instrument. First known as
microcomputers.
2. Desktop Computer- pc that is not
designed for portability.
3. Laptops – these are portable computers
that integrate the essentials of a
desktop computer in a battery-powered
package.
4. Personal Digital Assistants (PDA)-
tightly integrated computers that
usually have no keyboards but rely on
touch screens.
5. Server – computer that has been
improved to provide network services.
6. Mainframes – huge computer systems
that can fill an entire room.
7. Wearable Computers – involve
materials such as cellphones, watches,
and other small objects.
THE WORLD WIDE WEB
Internet – worldwide system of interconnected
networks facilitate data transmission among
innumerable computers.
 Indigenous science is guided by culture
and community values
 Indigenous science helped people
understand natural environment.
1973- first call from a hand-held device.
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Newton- formulated the theory of universal

gravity
Jenner- pioneered the concept of vaccines
Lippershey- first to apply a patent for a
telescope
Microscope- optical instrument used in
laboratory to observe smaller size of the
specimen.
 The first mobile phone were two-way
radios that allow people to
communicate.

BIODIVERSITY AND THE HEALTH SOCIETY

 Decrease in biodiversity is eminent

worldwide.
 Humans have industrialized the natural
habitat of wildlife as well as marine life.
Biodiversity – defined as the vast variety of life
forms in the entire earth.
 Biodiversity plays a major role in the
natural dynamics.
Biotic-living organisms
Abiotic- nonliving organisms

THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY
1. Habitat loss and destruction-
inhabitation of human beings and the
use of land for economic gains.
2. Alterations in ecosystem composition-
sudden changes within species group
and environment
3. Over-exploitation- over-hunting,
overfishing of species.
4. Pollution and contamination- cause
irreversible damage to species and
varieties.
5. Global climate change- climate
variability can cause biodiversity loss.

ENVIRONMENT-RELATED ILLNESS
 Parkinson’s disease, heart disease,
asthma, diabetes are some
ofenvironment-related illness.