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ENGTIStT > ART APPREPIATION Sevsicronen? Contents Unit 1 Jntvoduction to At Appreciation Lesson 1 Importance of Art and What is Art Appreciation?: Creativity, Imagination, and Expression 2 Assumptions and Functions of Art 3 Soul making, Improvisation, and Appropriation . 4 — Classifications of Arts, Subject, and Content 5 Artists and Artisans Unit 2 Culture and the its Lesson ~ : 6 flements and Principles of Art 7 ~~ Prehistoric to Furopean Art 8 Modern and Contemporary Art 9 Art in Asia 10 A History of Philippine Art wooo oh ak a ome oe ak om Oo ot oh Pagels NoUSH REC INR: ART APPRECIATION UNIT 1 LESSON 1 The Importance of Art: Art Appreciation, Creativity, Imagination, and Expression Learning Outcomes: At the end of this lesson, you should be able to: understand the role of the arts and humanities in people's lives; clarify the misconceptions that people have about the arts; interact and engage better with your personal experiences with art; distinguish between art and nature; Point out the main qualities of artistic expression based on personal experiences with art; discuss the nature of art's preliminary expression; and use personal experiences to categorize works of art. What Is Art? Art is always around us. People encounter and engage with art in many ways because of the many opportunities life has for this. A student choosing what to wear to Class, a homemaker cheering for a contestant on a singing contest on television, and a tourist admiring the architecture of buildings in a place are just-examples of people interacting and engaging with art. Sometimes, we end up wanting to experience more. All this comes naturally to all human beings because we are naturally attracted to what is good and beautiful. Warm Up seers NO Think of your past and most recent experiences with the arts. In the first column, write down your encounters with the arts; in the second column, explain why that encounter is an experience in art. f= Encounter with Art Why Was it An Experience with Ar?_| REP ING: ABT APPRECIATION NOVISI Why Do We Study the Humanitic Humans, in their thousands of years of existence on Earth, have cultivated the land, fashioned tools for their use, constructed structures for shelter and other purposes {and have altered the flora and fauna around them in order to survive. The first meaning of “art” was related to these crafts (Caslib et al., 2018), According to Collingwood (1938), the word art comes from the Latin ars, which means “a specialized craft or skil.” It suggests that art then suggested the ability to come up with a deliberate result after a careful use of materials and methods (Caslib et ai 2018), Later, during medieval times, the word took on a different meaning. This time it meant any kind of leaming obtained from books like grammar, logic, or astronomy (Collingwood, 1938). The European Renaissance, which lasted from the 14” to the 17 Century, was a time where the issues of aesthetics, the study of beauty, began to emerge from the idea of technical workmanship (Caslib et al., 2018). Finally, in the 18” century. the present meaning of the word came to mean “beautiful arts” (Collingwood, 1938), Dudley et al, (1960) mentioned, “the humanities constitute one of the oldest and most important means of expression developed by man.” Throughout history, it can be ‘seen how people have evolved artistically and culturally, from cave painters of the Stone Age to the highly skilled digital artists of today. One can also see how humans have managed to express their feelings and sentiments ‘through the things they create. An early example of this are the cave paintings in Lascaux, France, which date back to 17,000 years ago. The painting above, which probably recorded a successful hunt that the cave dwellers had, not only shown how skillful they were in creating this in Spite of using the simplest tools; it has also provided a window to what they did, what they felt, and what mattered to them. The humanities, then, were already showing what it means to be human long before people thought of even defining it People have always been expressing their *humanness” through the arts long before they even realized it. It is only right, therefore, that we continue this long-standing tradition and process of humanizing ourselves. REP TNR: ART APPRERIATION \ TNorIs a =n"" A Way of Life: Art Appreciation Artists make art everywhere one goes, and you will find beauty anywhere, anytime. However, not every beautiful thing can be called a work of art. According to Caslib et a, (2018), art is a product of a person's creativity, imagination, and expression. This means. that no matter how perfectly spectacular a sunset is, or how pristine the Lake Lanao can be on a clear moming with the breathtaking Sleeping Beauty in the background, nature is not art because it is not made by man. Artworks may be inspired by nature or by other works of art, but artists will invent or make their own forms and pattems according to what they think is beautiful and includes them in his masterpiece. We may not be all artists, but that does not stop us from appreciating what is beautiful to us. In this, we are all Participants, and we all have a role in art appreciation. Green (1995), as cited by Caslib et al., (2018), mentioned that the French Existentialist philosopher Jean Paul Sartre said that human freedom has a connection with the role of art as a product of creativity that has the ability to depict the world in completely different ways. Each artist creates the artwork the way he/she wants the audience to look at it or perceive it (Caslib et al., 2018). Each artwork has a beauty and value of its own, but most people do not have the background knowledge, nor have developed a sense of appreciation to see these artworks the way the artists who made them did. Especially in a country like ours, where art and even art education is often only available to those who can afford them, artworks often go unnoticed; even good artists are not given credit for their works. Artists, therefore, miss many opportunities for professional growth and development. It may take a lifetime of hard work before they are even recognized. In contrast, European countries like the Netherlands, Spain, Belgium, Greece, Italy, and France place much importance to their art and their artistic heritage, and have the means to support artistic endeavors. It goes without saying that these countries have some of the best museums and the best art collections in the world. For someone to develop a sense of appreciation for art, he, must develop first a taste for beautiful and fine things (Caslib et al., 2018). One does not necessarily need to Spend money to leam to appreciate good art. "The Intemet is full of online resources for this, and major museums around the world have their own websites; some even provide Virtual tours of selected collections. Local art exhibitions and sales at malls and other Public places are also a way to enjoy and lear about art, especially that of local artists. Performances in local theater or videos on YouTube will get you acquainted with theater, Movies and music from the country and beyond. Still another way would be to create ‘one's own art, or to attend art workshops if these are available. Creativity and Art Artists are good at “thinking out of the box,” and being creative requires them to adhere to this. Thinking outside the box means finding new ways to solve problems, create opportunities, and create artworks with a fresh perspective. To be creative is to be ch och ooh oh Page b@ EL 1K: ARI TRGNISH original. To be original, an artist should not just copy another artist's work or style; he/she seen ould come up with something beuliful, yet distinctively different from other artworks, An artist comes up with distinct style, techniques, colors, and patterns, in order to be original and creative, But in these times when there is more access to art and art education, we give credit to the Internet; it can be hard to creative and original. An artist, graphic designer, or digital artist can run the risk of coincidentally having the same or very similar artwork with that of another artist in another part of the world (Caslib et al., 2018). So, one must be careful to back up his/her creativity with careful research to prevent this from happening. Art and Imagination How do people solve problems? How do famous artists, architects, engineers, and writers get the ideas they use in their work? By using their imagination, of course. If you recall that artists think out of the box, that ossentially means that they do not let themselves be contained by the traditions, rules, or norms; they actually often go beyond them. Imagination creates a whole new world of possibilities by helping people create something new, something better, something that would create positive changes in the world we live in (Caslib et al., 2078). ‘Anita Ho (2014-2012), “Fish Harvest at Dawn" (1979). Oil on cerivas, Private collection, Vitangeol Far As art is produced by imagination, art also inspires imagination. For example, you have a bare, empty wall, To make it look better, you might paint it in a color you like; you Ro ae me eo me OAR hk ok ok ote oy pPage| 10» GEC INK: ART APPRECIATION \ with pictures or paintings. This tendency of people to want to ‘add beauty to their surroundings is as old as history itself. Humans; from the cave- dwellers to the technologically savvy people today, have made aesthetically pleasing Sbjects not just because they were useful, but because these also made people happy. Tl might want to decorate it Art as Expression Humans are able to express a myriad of expressions like joy, rage, frustration, and sadness. However, at times, words may not be even enough to express them especially when these are too overwhelming to be kept inside one's self. If you have drawn or sketched something, played some music on an instrument, or sung a song when you were feeling anxious, stressed, depressed, or angry. did these activities help you to express these emotions? Ifyou felt relieved or relaxed, even just a little, that is what an artist would feel when doing his work. However, he is not just expressing himself through his art; he is also creating @ beautiful object from that expression. Collingwood (1938) said that expressing emotions is different from describing emotions. Just saying “I'm sad" will automatically let someone know how you are feeling, nothing more, nothing less. But, expressing that emotion through creating artworks gives life, and, in a way, beauty, to that emotion. A person's art is, therefore, a reflection of his inner self. Visual Arts Visual arts are art forms that appeal to the human sense of sight. They are produced by artists with the intention of presenting an object or an idea the way it was. perceived by the artists (Collingwood, 1938). Visual arts are often the art forms that the majority of people are exposed to. Often, elements of visual arts are also incorporated in other art forms, from film to textile art. Mediums that fall under visual art include painting, drawing, calligraphy, digital imaging, and sculpture. Film Do you enjoy watching movies? Have you ever thought about what goes on behind the scenes and the production stage before the resulting motion picture is released to the Public for viewing? Filmmaking, as an art, involves the combining of still images to create an illusion of movement. As an art form, film is appreciated for its aesthetic, social, and cultural value. It captures human experiences or even that which is beyond imagination. Advances in filmmaking technology have made special effects possible. Filmmaking is a complex endeavor as it involves many aspects such as lighting, music, visual effects, direction, among others. New films are often celebrated in film festivals around the world, and awards are given to those which have been shown to be of great artistic value. Architecture Have you ever stopped awhile to admire a house or a building? Have you been to a Meranaw torogan (traditional house) and admired the intricate okir carvings? Is there a building in your hometown that everyone considers as an example of good architecture? Architecture,-simply defined, is the creation of beautiful buildings (Caslib et al., 2018). However, not alll buildings are designed to be beautiful. Some are just designed for + 7 oe et oR oh oe ee * oo ob pPagel 4 REP ING: ART APPRECIATION sunctionality, or are just designed to suit the owner's specifications. In order to be called “— oie ol atecture, a building must have three qualities: plan; const —~ design (Collins and Riley, 1931). ote Literary Art Do you have a favorite poem, novel, or non-fiction book? Who is your favorite author? Nearly everyone has been exposed to literature at some point in their life, usually at school. A popular form of art, literary art makes use of the artist's skill in the use of anguage and literary devices to create works of lasting artistic and social value for their readers to enjoy. However, as with other genres of art, a piece of writing cannot be straightaway called literature, nor does becoming a writer make one a literary artist (Caslib et al., 2018). A writer becomes a literary artist when he/she possesses a unique writing style that can be found'in his/her works; for many, this takes years to develop. It can take even longer to be recognized as a literary artist of top caliber. A good literary artist's works survive the test of time, and hundreds of years later, thday, people still enjoy William Shakespeare's plays and sonnets, Jose Rizal's novels, and Emily Dickinson's poetry. Theater Can you act? Have you ever taken part in a play production or skit at school? If yes, then you have taken part in an art form called theater. Using live performances that present a story before an audience, theater performances often follow a script. Like filmmaking, theater makes use of elements such as stage design, acting, lighting, sound effects, musical scoring, props, and scenery (Caslib et al., 2018). The members of the audience are an important part of the formula since they are also participants in this art form. Drama, musical, comedy, and tragedy are some examples of the genres of theater. Dance or Kinesthetic Art Have you performed in dances in school when you were younger? What makes a good dancer? What's behind a good dance performance? Dance refers to a sequence of movements that follow the rhythm of musical accompaniment (Caslib et al., 2018). There has been an old debate whether dance is really an art form, but for the sake of discussion in art appreciation, dance may be described as a form of expression. When taken or defined as an expressive form, dance allows people to express themselves. This is reflected especially in the case of ballet. The dancers may be following a choreography. but how they project their grace, precision, and refinement in movement is where they can channel their creativity and expressiveness. Applied Art ‘Think about the last time you admired a design on an object that's used every day. Did you find it useful as well as beautiful? Applied arts combine elements of style and design to beautify the objects we use every day (Caslib et al., 2018). The /angkit patter on a landap malong, the prints on a t-shirt, the color and patterns on a dinner plate, and the style of d shoe are good examples of this. Industrial design, graphic design, fashion, Lo kh hth eR eh eh Rm + HPagel ta Not Istt R fAT ; design, and interior design are considered as applied art. While fine arts deal with the aesthetic value of objects, applied arts combine usefulness and style. Ast appreciation is a way of life. We have so many opportunities to encounter and interact with art, and itis only iting that we have a working knowledge of the creativity, imagination, and expression that goes into the creation of art, in order to appreciate it. Class Activity A. Your Thoughts. Answer the following as thoroughly as possible. 1. What art form would you like to explore? Why? 2. How will you use that art form to express yourself, your identity, and your place in the community? References Caslib, BN. Jr., Garing, D.’C., & Casaul, J. A. R. (2018). Art Appreciation (1st ed.). Manila: Rex Book Store. Collins, M. R. & Riley, O. (1931). Art Appreciation for Junior and Senior High Schools. n.p.:Harcourt, Brace and World, Inc. Collingwood, R. G. (1938). The Principles of Art. Worcestershire. Read Books Ltd. Dudley, F. A. & McGraw-Hill Book Company. (1960). The Humanities. New York: McGraw Hill. PPRPETIATION LESSON 2 Functions and Philosophical Perspectives on Art. Learning Outcomes: At the end of this lesson, you should be able to: distinguish between directly functional and indirectly functional art; explain and discuss the basic philosophical perspectives on the art; realize the function of some art forms in daily life: and apply concepts and theories on beauty and aesthetics in real life scenarios. sone Introduction Lesson 2: Functions and Philosophical Perspectives on Art is designed to discuss the assumptions and philosophical perspectives on art either from the authorities, famous personalities in the world of art, or you, yourself being an artist. It also aims to discuss the many functions of art not just to an individual but to the whole humanity. Through understanding the many different perspectives about art and its functions, it will enable and allow the learners to know that everyone is an innate artist and that art is not limited to a group of people. That is, art is for ALL: Assumptions of A According to Collingwood, the word “art” comes from the ancient Latin ars which means a “craft or specialized form of skill, ike carpentry or smithying or surgery” (Caslib et al., 2018). Aside from previous definition, there have been numerous definitions of art provided by other authorities. So, because of these numerous definitions of art, the assumptions of art were formulated: art is universal, art is not nature, and art involves experience. (1) Art is universal. Art has always been timeless and universal, across generations and continents. Art exists. There is always art no matter what generation, and no matter. where. However, oftentimes, people think that only the ones created a long time ago are what are considered artistic, though true, at some point, but that is not_always the case. Age should not be a determining factor in identifying art. As Dudley, et.al stated, “An art is not good because it is old, but old because it is good (Caslib, Jr. et-al., 2018). ot ook * » Page | 14 We can take for instance /bong ‘Adana, a Filipino masterpiece that has always captured the imagination of the young with its timeless lessons. ‘Another example is the importance and beauty of the Philippine folk dances performed and appreciated by young ones until this present time. TNGTISI (2)Art is not nature. Art is man's expression of his reception of nature. Art is created by man, and its source is nature which is created by God. No — matter how similar an art to nature is, it can never be nature. However, it is true that art is man's way of interpreting nature, and imitating nature has been man’s source of enjoyment and inspiration, yO8CaCve A picture of the golf course in MSU Main campus, or a portrait of oneself no matter how close it is to nature, will never be nature. (3) Art involves experience. Art is known by experiencing. Art involves experience. By experience, it meant the “actual doing of something” (Dudley et al., 1960) and it also affirmed that art depends on experience. tn order to know what an artwork is, we have to use our senses: sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch. However, itis also important to note that experiencing art is highly personal, individual, and subjective. tt depends on who the perceiver is, his tastes, his biases, and what he has inside. PINOY KAKAMIN SOURCE: perc WHFS mo ge gp Page | 18 TRGTISH Philosophical Perspect ves 0" © ‘Arthas been piesented in differant philosophical perspectives: art as an imitation, as a representation, 2s a aisinterested judgment, and as a communication of emotion. Art as an Imitation phy, views art as an imitation. In at artists are imitators and their art ‘7 his Ideal republic (Utopia), he banned urriculum so that the attitudes and re Republic will not be corrupted by the influence of the arts. He furth= ig ‘usc, ets appeal to the emotion rather than to the rational! iaculty of men: end thay imitate rather then lead one to reality. Thus, art is dangsrous because it only provides an irrelevant replacement for the real entities than can only ned livough feason. Plato, a key figure in @ fact, in his The Republic. he strongly argu: is a mere imitation reason why artists and ex actions of the mer For the same reason, Plato's view of realiiy is that things in this world are only copies of the original the sternal, anc! trie true entities that can only be found in the Wortd of For Art as a Representation ‘Another phifosopiiical view on artis provided by Aristotle, a student of Plato. He agrees with Plato that art is, indeed, 2 form of imitation. However, unlike the view of Plato that art leads away the truth from reality, Aristotle argues that art is rather an aid © “(e34, he conceived art as representing possible versions of reailty In Aristotelian worldview, art functions as 2 too! to experience pleasure and as an ability to teach its audience things about life. Art as a Disinterested Judarnent Aside frorn that of Pav ana Anstotie, arvalner philosophical view on art has been laid out by Immanue’ Asking participants to take a moment to reflect on their core values. For younger teens, you may want to discuss what we mean by values by asking them what some of the things they feel strongly about are, or what they feel good about when they see how other people behave and how they behave. >» Once participants have a good idea of their values, invite them to take a mindful minute. Start by asking them to close their eyes and tum their focus to their breath. Now ask them to let the words associated with their values freely flow into their thoughts. What are these words? What are the related images or colors and shapes they feel connected to these words? - Once participants feel ready, invite them to begin selecting images, words, phrases, or colors from the magazines and newspapers. They will use these to compile a collage that they feel reflects their words to live by. This can be image-based, or entirely abstract; it's all about how their words make them feel. > If they feel comfortable, save some time at the end of the session for them to present their collages and share with the group what they have created and what it means to them. B. The Popm Collage é Seff-criticism can make the act of creatiop difficult, and often that difficulty in finding the words to express your feelingsIs because you're self-conscious of how inadequate the expressions can feel. By creating a poem from a pool of words collected from sources like magazines, newspapers, and old books, you can create an un-self-conscious poem that molds pre-existing words to your feelings. + Materials: ¥, Old magazines, newspapers, picture books, and scrap paper Y Colored pens and pencils _ 4 * ot oh og gh ok ot mm ch oF Pagel ad eee as f- ART APPRECIATION Scissors and glue Cardboard or thick paper for the base of the collage This activity can be carried out with a group or one-to-one S48 4 Steps: Explain the concept of self-talk to participants, and how when we talk negatively to ourselves. It can significantly impact our mood, emotions, and feelings of growth and happiness. v > Encourage a discussion around how and when participants are self- critical of themselves and when they engage in self-talk. Ask them to reflect on whether their loved ones would say these things about them? What would their loved ones say about them instead? v Provide participants with the materials and encourage them to create their own word/poem collage filled with positive affirmations and kind words they would like to attach more to themselves and how they think about their own person. Let participants be as freely creative as they want, including images and colors that also make them feel good. m7 > When they have finished, instruct them to take this home and place it somewhere they look every day. Encourage them to spend 3-5 minutes each moming or evening, taking in what they have created and build these positive words and images into their day. > If @ project like this is used in a group or therapy setting, practitioners could ask the participants about their word choices, chosen themes, or interpretations of the poems. C. Art Therapy Postcard Activity Most people would probably agree that it's easier to express or recognize hurts and regrets when there's the distance between yourself and the problem. This is why the postcard activity can be a good self-discovery exercise that helps answer thé question, “What would | say to someone if | didn't have to do it face-to- face?” + Steps: > Simply create a postcard style template to use. One side can be completely blank for drawing on, and one side can be laid out with some lines for writing on. 3 oF 3 a & ah - + Page | 22 Seeanrient BER INE: § > Ask particip: situation of pe: felt frustrated, angry, sad about. Sp ns simply thi reflecting on what na how it fell, ane wi like to let the per how the experier: feel. SICARD FROM STURE SELF 9 Postcard, ask participants to draw or create a representation of how | still fee about the anything tney tik. > On the lined sice ot to say if they cou! n weit What they would like > Use what they draw and write to explore their emotions further and discuss how they might bein fo work towards @ hy stir i References Art. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3kpZvgy. September 18, 2620. Art: introduction anc a vev an plipsulibitty/3ksVenrV, September, 11, 2020. Art therapy books pdf free, Retrieved from hitps://bit.\y/3iF 00g. September 11, 2020. Caslib, Jr. et.al. (2018). Art apprecintion Quezon City > Printing Company, Inc. Cherry, K. (2020). How Art Therapy is Used lo Help People Heal. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3qMhBtk. March 14, 2021 Cool Art Therapy Intervention #5: Show Me How You Feal Today. Retrieved from https:/bit-ly/38yV'v a a ee Page | 23 trong Adama. Retrieved from htps-fbitWyS8CnCVo, March 14, 2021 Mead, E. (2020). 15 art therapy activities. exercise. and ideas for children and adults Retrieved from https://bily/SHEG2GR. September 11, 2020. MSU Golf Course. Retrieved from https //bily3iVantH. September 18, 2020. Pinoy kakanin. Retrieved from https://biUlyiSigkF 1S. March 14, 2021. Piscos, J. (2014). Art appreciation module 3 functions of art. Retrieved from https //bit ly/S3ysCag. ‘September 11. 2020. Poem collage. Retrieved from https:/Mwww.googie.com'search?q=poem+cotlagedsxst =ALeKKO029KM 1 xwiSaOMXesC- yIKs3Fi1Tg:1615873368957&source=inms&tbm sisch#imgro=PPUuTINmigm6gM. March 16. 2021. Reading: purpose of art. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/2ZJSAGQ. September 11, 2020. Sel-care Box. Retrieved from hitps:/fbitty/35X4nBC. September 21, 2020 ‘Shemps, J. (2008). The need for at therapy in middie school Master's Thesis. Retrieved from hittp:/digitalcommons. brocport.eduledc_theses/98 + Page | 24 LESSON 3 Soulmaking, Improvisation, and Appropriation Learning Outcomes: At the end of this lesson, you are expected to: 1. define soulmaking, appropriation, and improvisation and explain their connection; 2. express appreciation for soulmaking, appropriating, and improvising as important ways of making art; 3. apply soulmaking, appropriation, and improvisation by creating an artwork (story, image, instrument, or movement) and explain its inspiration and meaning. Human creativity is amazingly endless and, even now as we speak, creative works: are continuously sprouting in various forms—concrete, digital, and performance. This refers to poiesis, a Greek word that means “production or formation” (Merriam- Webster.com, 2020). Basing on the ideas of philosophers, Potkinghome (2004) defines poiesis as “the activity in which a person brings something into being that did not exist You may have experienced creating or doing something new, beautiful, and mesningful like humming an original tune, doing new dance moves, forming figures using clay or sand, or making a funny and witty meme out of your own or another person's photograph. We give credit to your advanced thinking abilities that you can do such things. Indeed, poiesis is a gift that we should hone and treasure. This lesson intends to tickle further your creative mind and celebrate the artistry in the personal artworks you will soon create. Particularly, you will be engaged in the processes of soulmaking, appropriation, and improvisation. Since the beginning of this Class, you have been told that art is not only an image to see, an object to touch, or material to use. It is also an emotion to absorb, a concept to understand, and most importantly, a value to uphold. Art speaks a lot about who we are and wh: experienced because our attitudes, feelings, and stories show in the artworks we make. In other words, art is the outlet of our identity and the image of our soul. TRGRISH Soulmaking Activator: What's in a song? (Part 1) Below is the lyrics of the song entitled “Imagine” written and sung by John Lennon. Listen to the song and complete the following tasks. Here is its YouTube link: https./Awww. youtube. com/watch?v=1. 6svOHESAHS. Imagine Imagine there's no heaven It's easy if you try No hell below us Above us, only sky Thope someday you'll join us And the world will be as one Imagine no possessions Twonder if you can No nood for grocd or hunger A brotherhood of man Imagine ail the people Livin’ for today An Imagine all the people ‘Sharing all the world You Imagine there's no ‘countries It isn't hard to do Nothing (0 kill or die for You may say I'm a dreamer ‘And no religion, too But I'm not the only one Ihope someday you'll join us And the world will ive as one Imagine ail the people Livin’ life in peace You Songurttrs ohm Winston You may say 'ma or dreamer But 'm not the only one 1. What kind of world is Lennon describing in his song? 2, What could be his reasons for composing this song? 3. Do you agree with his idea? Why or why not? Reflection: What did you realize about art after doing the task? ee 4 oh : o

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