Chemistry “THE ESTABLISHED LEADER IN EE REVIEW” LEGIT MULTIVECTOR Review and Training Center Ground Floor, Cuevasville Tower F. Cayco corner Earnshaw St. Sampaloc, Manila Tel, No, (02) 8731-7423LEGIT MULTIVECTOR REVIEW AND TRAINING CENTER CHEMISTRY (CHEMISTRY ~ is the science which deals withthe composition of matter, the changes it undergoes, the conditions that influence such changes, adits properties and uses. ATOM ~ is the smallest particle of an element that can take part in a chemical change. — derived from the greek word “atomos” means “uncut” or indivisible. ‘SUB-ATOMIC PARTICLES OF AN ATOM 1. Electron — negatively charge particle of an atom filling the space about the nucleus. 2. Proton positively charge particle of an atom found in the nucleus. 3. Neutron ~zero charge particle of an stom found also inthe nucleus. wig Tia ae Teaea —| av 0 was |e Proton 1.67% 10" grams. 1.6x10™C An Q —- ATOMIC NO, 90, of rns =o. oles Be SSNO Sho fpton mo oFoces Qo —— soit an erm 8 JON isan to ith on ica Spine enor onic wt gece 2 Soop ofelne ais tr pine vance econ THE ONC BOND: : fi oe oor vent deans ur astre fom onan aethan ONIC BOND fed Sota to or Chrineaon, ce © ss proms 11 Poin =217 Electrons _==11 slectrons_=~17 cagesnon=0 chasm By Electron Dot Notation: Before Bonding ‘fer Bonding Na Ne ret Sodium Yon, Na Chloride ion, cI” (cation) (anion) Protons. +11 Protons = +17 2 . Electrons = 10 Electrons =-18 Nat + eto Wee Part Ton charge = 1 fon charge =—1 Note: Metals are electron “givers” Sodium Chloride ‘Non-meials are electron “receivers” Na’ Cr Chemisty Page|LEGIT MULTIVECTOR REVIEW AND TRAINING CENTER CHEMISTRY Questions: ‘Answ (&) What i the charge on a sodium ion? Hor lt (b.) Whats the charge on a sodium nucleus? +1 or 1+ (€.) What i the charge on a sodium atorn? 0 ISOTOPES ~ same no. of protons but have differeat masses forex. Be Fa ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION ~ is the arrangement of electrons ofthe element in the fre state ‘Subdivisions of Main energy Levels [ Main Energy Level : ‘Number of Sublevel(ay ‘Number of Orbitals (a) ‘Kind and no, of Orbitals per sublevel ‘Maximum no, of lesions pr sblevel ‘Maximum no. of electrons per main level (2n") Energy Sequence: ‘ ioe forex. ‘Atoms Tons . Na Ist 2s? 2p¢ 3s! Nev 182 2¢ apt Cl ts? 2s? 2p 3s 3p Crs! 2s? pt 35? Sp ‘COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES: 1. BOILING POINT ELEVATION (AT) [seam tam at guid soca 512 °C/molal ‘m= molality of solution Pressure of Vapor i 2 = £ i 2, FREEZING POINT DEPRESSION (AT) at kem AT = Traher~ Trotaon where: A= fp. of solution where: y= molal fp. constant B=-p.of pure solvent ke eryoscopie constant C=bp. of pure solvent for H,0, k= 1.86 *Cimolal D=bp. of solution Chemisty Page |?LEGIT MULTIVECTOR REVIEW AND TRAINING CENTER CHEMISTRY 3. VAPOR PRESSURE LOWERING (AP) AP=mkp ‘where: AP~Pravea~ Pre p= 0.428 mm at 25°C. Prion = Xe Pte Pion Poot (= Xai) Potton Pte ~ Paha Keke Prateet~ Prson = Xacie Pet AP = Kae Pte 4, OSMOTIC PRESSURE (x) - mechanical pressure created to prevent osmosis. x=CRT where: x“ osmotie pressure in ates -oncentration in moleslliter ~ ideal gas constant ~ universal gas constant Iiterasm pee mole-K pl (power of Hydrogen) pH meter “ ACIDIC BASIC 3456789 Wl 1213 4 1, The solution is ACIDIC if pH is less than 7 2. The solution is BASIC if pH is greater than 7. 3. For Neutral solution, pH pOH™= 7 Since for neutral solution 7") = 1x 107M ‘Also. (OH ]=1x 107M 4. pH=—log (#1) 5. og [OF] 6. pH+ pOH= |4 Chemisty Page |3LEGIT MULTIVECTOR REVIEW AND TRAINING CENTER CHEMISTRY REE — Sept. 2005 14. Compared to gases and liquids, solids are less . A. color B. reactive C. weight D. heat REE — Apr. 2001 / Apr. 2005 2. What is a substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances during ordinary chemical reaction? A. Compound B. Atom C. Element D. Molecule REE — Apr. 2004 3. Allisotopes of the same element have ‘A. Equal no. of protons and neutrons ©. The same atomic mass D. Equal no. of neutrons REE ~ Sept. 2018 4. What is the common unit used to indicate the mass of a particle? A. Atomicmass unit B. Charge unit C. Coulomb D. Gram REE - Apr. 2015 5. Which of the following is an alkaline earth metal? A.Ba BTi cli D.Na REE - Apr. 2011 6. What do you called the horizontal arrangement of elements of increa in the periodic table? A. notin the choices B. ions ©. valence D. period g atomic number REE - Apr, 2017 7. Which of these elements has the highest atomic number? A. Titanium B. Uranium C. Radium D. Plutonium REE - Sept. 2008 8. Which of the following metallic element has a meaning “heavy stone”? A. Titanium: B. Iron C. Cobalt REE - Apr, 2004 9. Which are the electrostatic forces that exist between ions? ‘A Ionic bond B.Covalentbond — C. Chemical bond —_D. Atomic bond REE - Apr, 2002/ Sept. 2006 10. What type of bond result in the form of sharing electrons between two atoms? ‘ACovalentbond —_B. lonic bond C. Metallicbond ——_D. Atomic bond REE — Aug. 2019 141, What are the van der Waals forces? A. primary bonds between atoms C. forces between electrons and protons B. forces not present in liquids D. weak secondary bonds between atoms REE - Oct. 1996 12. When Fe** changes to Fe*** in a reaction A itloses proton C. it gains a proton BR gaina an seein Diitloses an electron Chemisty Page| 4LEGIT MULTIVECTOR REVIEW AND TRAINING CENTER CHEMISTRY REE ~ May 2010 13. The sodium ion in sodium chloride, NaCl, has what charge? A42 B.-1 c.-2 D+ REE - Sept. 2013 14. The charge of aluminum atom in the aluminum foil is: AO B41 C. 42 D.+3 15. Determine the no. of protons, electrons and neutrons in (A) 34Se (B) #3Kt (©) $3Br- 16. Write the electronic configuration for each of the following atoms o unpaired electrons contained in each. (A) Ni (B.) Ni@* (C.) Br- 's. State the no. of REE — Aug. 2019 17. What is the percent composition by mass of oxygen (0) element in sulphuric acid (H,S0,)? H = 1.008 amu, S = 32.07 amu and 0 = 16.00 amu? ‘A. 65.25% B. 34.75% €.62.25% D.32.27% REE - Sept. 2012/ Apr. 2018 18. Formula for calcium chloride. A CaCl, B. Ca,Cl ¢.CaCl D.CaCls REE — Sept. 2010 19. Give the formula for aluminum nitride. A. AlNo B.AIN C.AIN, D.ALN REE - Sept. 2013 20. What is the chemical formula of Sulfur trioxide? S302 B.S30 ©.$,05 D1SO, REE - Sept. 2011 21. Find the MW of HINO; in gimole A.72 B.61 ©.73 D.63 REE - Apr, 2017 22. How many moles are present in 100 g of CO,? A.3.732 B. 0.440 ©.2273 D.4.040 REE - Sept. 2015 23. Calculate the volume (in liter) of a 2.00 M solution containing 4.22 mol of solute. A012 B.0.47 C12 D214 24. What is the molality of a solution which contains 20.0 g cane sugar C12H»2011 dissolved in 125 g water? The molecular weight of CzH220, 1 is 342. A.0.475m B. 0.875 m C.0.468m. D.0.392 m Chemisty Page |3LEGIT MULTIVECTOR REVIEW AND TRAINING CENTER CHEMISTRY REE - Sept. 2005 25. A mixture of 35% ethyl alcohol, 15% acetic acid, 50% water, the molecular weight of the acetic acid is 60. What is the MOL fraction of acetic acid, if the total number of moles of the solution is 3.79? A. 0.086 B.0.190 C..0,066 D. 0.099 26. How many molecules of water are there in 36 g of H,0? A. 1.4285 x10 = B.1.2044% 10% =. 1.2528 10% =D. 1.4254 x 10% 27. Calculate the osmotic pressure of an aqueous solution which contains 4.00 g of glucose, CoH,20g, in 250 mi of solution at 25°C. A247 atm B. 25.2 atm ©. 16.18 atm 0.3.15 atm REE - Apr, 2012 28. What is the pH value of a solution with acetic acid concentration of 3.0.x 10-6 M? A12.72 B. 14.28 ©. 5.523 D.3.472 REE - Apr, 2013 29. What is the acid concentration of Nitric acid, HNO with pH value of 0.55? A233 M B.4.55M. C.5.33M D.355M Chemisty Page |S