After viewing, answer the following guide questions:

1. Why should the spatula used for spooning solid chemicals from a reagent

bottle be clean and dry?

- to avoid contamination of reagents.

2. Why must flat-topped stoppers be laid with their flat sides on the table?

- So that you don't contaminate the stopper with anything on the table. Also, if you lay it on it's side,
there's a possibility that it rolls off the table and breaks.

3. What is the use of the glass rod in transferring liquid reagents?

Glass rods are used when pouring liquids in order to avoid spills. When a glass rod is laid against the
pouring edge of a beaker, it causes the liquid inside to flow along the rod and down into the receiving
vessel instead of splashing over the lip.

4. In heating liquids in a test tube, why should the tube not be pointed to

anyone while it is being heated?

- Because the liquid might have a violent reaction and eject the fluid. Because if the experiment being
conducted in the test tube is explosive or very reactive then it can spit out stuff and this can be
dangerous to your eyes or skin. so by pointing the test tube away then you won't harm anyone if
anything spits out

5. When heating liquids in a test tube, why is the test tube moved back and

forth across the flame?

- The test tube must be moved back and forth over the flame to make the heating uniform.
Concentrating the heat at the bottom of the test tube may break the test tube and also may eject the
contents due to sudden boiling.

6. What precaution should be followed in preparing dilute acid solution?

- Use personal protective equipment, engineering controls (goggles, apron, gloves, fume hood) and add
acid to water slowly with stirring and cooling in an impervious container. The main, perhaps the most
important precaution to be taken, while diluting an acid is that NEVER add the acid to water as the
reaction is exothermic, due to which it produces a large amount of heat energy. This may also cause
spurting of the acid due to the heat. Also, use gloves while handling concentrated acids so that it doesn’t
fall on your hand.

7. Give at least five of the following:

a. Common laboratory equipment used in chemistry lab and its uses

beaker – use to hold and heat liquids.

Bunsen burner – used for heating and exposing items to flame

Burette – used in titrations to measure precisely how much liquid has been delivered.

Burette clamp – used to hold burettes on a ring stand.

Clay triangle – used to hold crucibles when they are being heated. They usually sit on a ring stand.

https://sites.google.com/a/d219.org/mr-kretsos/home-2/labwork/lab-equipment-and-uses

b. Safety rules or precautions inside the chemistry laboratory

- dress appropriately in the laboratory

- wear protective goggles or glasses at all times in the laboratory.

- keep your working areas organized and clean as you work.

- keep all chemical reagents (solids and liquids) in the assigned dispensing area

- check the name on the chemical reagent bottles before using them.

8. Explain the importance of knowing laboratory safety rules, guidelines, and

waste management.

- Laboratory Safety should come naturally and become your habit. Remember you are responsible for your
own safety as well as safety of others working around you. A laboratory poses potential risks due to exposure
to corrosive and toxic materials, flammable solvents, high pressure gases, explosive chemicals and dangerous
microbes. A little care and adherence to prescribed safety guidelines will help avoid laboratory mishaps.