The Wheeler Model

• Instead of the linear relationship between elements of curriculum, Wheeler suggested

a cyclical framework

• It is a closed model that assumes that all considerations are contained in the model

• The five steps of Wheeler’s model are:

THE WHEELER MODEL (1967)

• Wheeler came up with a cyclic model (see figure below) in reaction to criticism

levelled at the Ralph Tyler’s model.

• The latter was seen as being too simplistic and vertical.

• By being vertical it did not recognize the relationship between various curriculum

elements.

• His cyclic proposal was therefore aimed at highlighting the interrelatedness of the

various curriculum elements.

• It also emphasizes the need to use feedback from evaluation in redefining the goals

and objectives of the curriculum.

• Selections of aims, goals and objectives

• Selection of learning experiences

• Selection of content

• Organization and integration of learning experiences and content

• Evaluation of effectiveness of the phases in attaining the objectives

Wheeler Model

Selection of aims, goals and objectives

Evaluation Selection of learning Experiences

Organization and integration of Selection of Content

Learning Experiences and content

• The model shows that Curriculum Planning process is a continuous activity that starts

with determination of aims, goals and objectives and sequentially goes through the

other three phases to evaluation and the feedback from evaluation is used to determine

new aims, goals and objectives which lead again to the selection of new content, new

learning experiences and sequentially, back to evaluation.