PUMPS

Q what are the different types of pumps

Low lift Pumps It is used to transfer water
from water bodies to treatment plants
how Pressure and
high discharge
High lift pumps It is used to transfer water from
treatment plant to distribution network
High Pressure
Booster Pumps they are used to increase the
in a network press re
Well Pumps they are used to extract ground
water
Q what is the Total Static Head Asta
It is the total elevation between the surfaces of suction
I
tank and discharge tank

hs suction head It is the elevation between suction tank

and pump
hd discharge head It is the elevation between
pump and the

discharge tank
 Ii
o
stat 7 3 10 m

i
Hstat 7 3 4m
n

ii
Hs 5 3 8

stat
8m
 Total Dynamic head TDA

TBH is the equivalent height through which the water ispumped

along with the losses in the pipe

TDH Hst t minor losses Friction losses

How to calculate minor losses

Minor losses hm Kx
Yg Ig
Minor losses occur at 1 Contraction expansion
for all 3 the
2 Bends elbows formula is
same the
only
3 valves k changes

For expansion contraction at angles

small
Sif big

1 I
 For bends elbows and valves the table can be
used to
get the value of k

this is contraction
I p 355 13

1800
for K 0.5 x 1 132 x sin
g
0.5 x 1 x
t Si 1st 0 44

for 900 K 0.5 x i Si 0 37

f x
E
 for 450 K 8 x Sin
o i 132 x
E
0.8 x x Sin 0.27
H
l
E3

this is expansion
13
1 48 to
1800 K 1 132 I

800 K C py I
31
400 K 2.6 x 1
13254 Sing

2.6 x 1 x
f sing
How to calculate friction losses

Hazen William Darcy Weisbach

formula formula

Hazen William Formula

total length ofpipe

hf 6 six
E x
in
headatsudiontanty
head tant
2 y
at discharge
c from the table
on the Given only if given
depending or Diameter
material of the pipe
 will beused only if
Darcy Weisbach Formula
lilReynold'sNumber Re
OR
dynamic viscosity
ht f x
f x or
Kinematicviscocity
OR
temperature of water
Re 42000 f 61
f Roughness e
lil are given

2000 Re 10,000
smoothpipe e o f 0.3164 Also known as Blasius equation
Reo z

2000 Re 10,000 0.25

to
f also known as
g
Roughpipe
gift t
jet equation

Re

e
Q

A Given distance between tanks 500m

height of tank 1 20m

Length of pipe L 500 20 520m

flow Q 1011s o o 1m31s

material cast iron

C 130 from table 2

Internal diameter D 100 mm o im

Hazen William Formula

ht 6 six
E x
Fios
1.274 mis
4
A
IIN 2,2
RE
ht 6.81 x
13,7 x 52,9
9 998m
 Q

I
Given
Material Cast iron
water velocity V 2.5m Is
water temp 200C
Kinematic viscocity I 1 003 10 1m21sec

Internal diameter D too mm o.im

Required
tou total dynamic head

TDH Hstat Minor loss Friction loss

stat H stat 30 20 50m vertical distance

between pumps
minor
hm
Ig
K x
Yg
 from elbows K o 45
900 RID 1.5 hm 0.45
4 18 gig 0.462m

for 3 elbows hm 0 462 3 1386 m

for valves
K o 29
0 70
hm 0.29 2.52 2 I 0.412m
Ig's 2,4
for 2 valves hm 0.412 2 0 824m

i total minor loss hm 1.381 t 0.824 2.21m

Major will use Darcy weisbach formula as

kinematic viscosity and temperature are

given
Re Re 2.5 0.1 249252.2
VI 1 003 10
6

for cast iron e is o 26mm

0.00026m

f f 0.25

In Eta
 o 25
0
log 9.4 54 252.29

O 026

hf hf f b Ig
x

L L 30 14 20415.5 79 5m

6.585m
ht 0.026 x
II x
2,54g
T DH 60 2.21 6.585m 58.795m

Given flow 9 3000 m3 h 3000 0 83m31

I 60 60
distance b pump and L
w 300M
treatment plant both pump and treatmen
plant are assumed to be
at same height since no height isgiven
 Internal diameter D o 7m
roughness factor e 0.3mm o 0003m

water temp T 15 C
Kinematic viscosity 2 1.306 10 mls
Table 4

ball valve 0 100 K 0.29

Standard 900 elbow K 0.45
RID I 5

Required TDA
TDA Hstat Minor losses Friction loss

Hstat Hstat o the tank and

treatment plant are

at same height

Minor losses hm Kx
Ig Ig
for elbows K 0.45
V 2.17 mis
f 943172
i hm 0 45 x 2 172 t 2.177 0 348m
2x g g 2 9 g
 for valve K o 29
hm o 29 x 2.17 t 2.172 031m
2 9 g 2 9g
total minor loss
pm 0.348 t o 31 0 658m

Friction Darcy Weisbach will be used

Darcy weisbach formula

he f x
5 x
Ig

f
Re Re V 2.17 0.7 7333625 99
1 306 10 h

F 025 0285

log g peggy

Lf 0 285 x
31 31 81
29 315m

i TDA O T O 658 29.315 29 973m

 h

d loom

Given
distance between two tanks d loom
0 012m31s
flow Q 12115
material Ductile iron Pipe 0 140
Table 3

Internal diameter D 76.2mm 0.0762m

friction losses hf 10m

Required hi height of tank

Since the friction loss is given the formula William Hazen

will be used to calculate h

85
William Hazen Formula ht 6.81
1 t.in
here hf nom
given Y
E 3631m15
Iggy
 L D 0 0762m
i 10 6 81 t
12.4301
O 076211.167

10 0 088 L

h 10 o 088 113 636m

h too th from figure

tooth 113.636

h 113.636 100 13.636mg

he som
2.5m

D
L htd 12.5
water heads
A 9 20115 o 02m31s are added
to length of pipe
D 101.6mm o 1016m whenevergiven
20m
hf
From friction formula hf 6 six
E x
ftp.iot
 0.02 2 47 mis
FYI ICO
2

C 140 DIP Table 2

i
20 6 81 x 2
47 x 1.101 167

20 0 056 X L

L 357m
ht d 2.5 357
10 t d 2.5 357
d 344.5m I 345m

A Q 60 m3 h 60 0 017m31s
601160
material Polyvinyl Chloride PVC
2 150

V 0 017 21m Is
Ep 62
Ojo
To answer the question TDM is calculated if TDH head

of pump the pump can deliver water to coagulation tank

T DH Hstat Minor losses Friction

Hstat 25 2.5 27.5 m Add the elevations

Minor losses ti due to elbows bends

K for standard elbow 0.75

Minor losses hm Kx
Ig Ig
hm 75
2,4g 2,1g
0 0.39m

for 3 elbows hm 0 39 3 1 17m

i due to ball valve

K for 0 100 ball value 0.29

hm 0.29m
29 x
Iggy 2,4
o

for 2 valves hm 0.29 2 0 58m

loss ht 681
Major 1 ftp
x
io

68
ht 1,33 Igorot
1 73m

i TDH 27.5 1.17 0.58 t 1.73 30 98m

 30 98 450
to
pump is enough transfer
i the the water to the

funk