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Chapter 4 and 5 Quastion
Chapter 4 and 5 Quastion
8 Discussion Questions:
1. Discuss the principle of operation of an induction motor with the help of a neat diagram.
2. Compare and contrast the construction and operation of squirrel cage and wound rotor
induction motors.
3. Discuss the various tests conducted to determine the parameters of induction motor
equivalent circuit.
4. Explain the torque-speed characteristics of an induction motor with appropriate diagrams.
5. Discuss the power flow and losses associated in an induction motor.
6. With neat diagrams, explain the equivalent circuit model of an induction motor.
7. Discuss the factors affecting maximum torque developed in an induction motor.
8. Compare and contrast the operating characteristics of induction motor in the motoring
and generating modes.
Chapter 4 answers
Multiple Choice Questions:
1. b
2. b
3. a
4. b
5. a
6. b
7. a
8. d
9. c
10. b
11. b
12. d
13. a
14. b
15. b
2. Squirrel cage rotor has bars shorted by end rings forming a cage. Wound rotor has three phase
winding distributed in slots connected to slip rings. Wound rotor provides better starting torque
control compared to squirrel cage.
3. Equivalent circuit model is needed to study performance characteristics and predict induction
motor behavior. It helps in analyzing tests done on motor.
4. Rotor circuit parameters like reactance and resistance vary inversely with slip. Rotor frequency
also varies directly with slip.
5. Synchronous speed is the speed at which the rotating magnetic field produced by stator rotates.
Induction motor develops zero torque at this speed.
6. Slip is difference between synchronous speed and rotor speed expressed as percentage of
synchronous speed. It decreases with increase in rotor speed from maximum at standstill.
7. No load test is done to determine losses like friction & windage, stator resistance and
synchronous speed. Core loss is determined by blocked rotor test.
8. Torque decreases with increase in speed from maximum at standstill. It is zero at synchronous
speed and becomes negative in generating mode beyond synchronous speed.
9. In generating mode, induction motor acts as synchronous generator with efficiency more than
95%. In motoring mode efficiency is lower around 90% due to additional rotor copper losses.
10. Rotating magnetic field is produced by supplying balanced three phase current to stator
windings spaced 120° electrically. This produces a revolving magnetic field rotating at
synchronous speed.
11. Induced voltage in stator is same as supply voltage but rotor induced voltage frequency varies
with slip and is maximum at standstill becoming zero at synchronous speed.
12. Squirrel cage has very low starting torque due to low power factor at start. Wound rotor with
added resistance improves power factor providing high starting torque.
13. Blocked rotor test done by clamping rotor measures core loss and determines synchronous
reactance. It assists in finding equivalent circuit parameters.
14. Maximum torque or pull out torque is the highest torque developed by motor at a particular slip
and is 2-3 times full load torque. It occurs when rotor and airgap impedances are equal.
15. No load, block rotor, full load and slip test are conducted. Data from tests are used to determine
various resistance, reactance and other parameters of equivalent circuit model.
5. Full load torque is developed at rated load. Pull out torque is maximum torque developed which
is 2-3 times full load torque.
8. ηi = (TmNs/3V2)(1-s)
Discussion Questions:
1. Refer to principle of operation described in short explanation question 1 along with a neat single
line diagram showing rotating magnetic field concept.
3. Tests like no load, blocked rotor, full load, slip test are conducted. Data collected is used to
determine various parameters of equivalent circuit model like resistance, reactance, leakage
reactance etc. Significance and procedure of each test should be discussed.
4. Refer to description in short explanation question 8. Curve showing variation of torque with
speed along with regions of operation like generating, plugging should be diagrammatically
explained.
5. Refer to power flow diagram showing flow of electrical input power, conversion to mechanical
power accounting for various losses occurring in the process. Losses like copper, core friction &
windage should be explained.
6. Explain per phase equivalent circuit model showing stator, rotor circuits along with airgap
components like leakage reactance. Transformation using turns ratio should be shown.
Parameters and their physical significance discussed.
7. Factors like voltage, frequency, number of pole pairs, temperature, rotor resistance affect
maximum torque. Effect of each factor and final mathematical expression relating these factors
to maximum torque should be discussed.