Lee Henry D.

Castro Assignment 1 in GSCC0001

Master’s in Engineering Management February 10, 2024

1. Download https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED591309.pdf and identify what research design and data collection method have been utilized.
Discuss comprehensively how the research design and data collection method have been utilized

Research Title and Author Research Design and Data Comprehensive Discussion on how Research Design and Data Collection
(Year) Collection Method Method have been used.

Research Title: The Dignity
for All Students Act: A
Quantitative Study of One
Upstate New York Public
School Implementation
Research Design: Non-
experimental with Correlational
and Descriptive Data Analysis
Data Collection Method: Survey
The research in question, “The Dignity for All Students Act: A Quantitative
Study of One Upstate New York Public School Implementation,” primarily
aims to examine the teachers’ view on the efficacy of DASA in cultivating
classroom civility. Specifically, it aims to assess how the teachers perceive the
effectiveness of DASA in dealing with cyberharassment cases in a specific
school in Upstate New York.

Author: Christopher M. The researcher used a quantitative non-experimental design to gather and
Riddell interpret data on several innate variables such as teachers’ experience (as
represented by years in tenure), proactiveness in advising students about online
manners, and frequency and type of classroom cyberharrasment occurrences.
Year Published: 2018 Specifically, the researcher used a survey/questionnaire-type non-experimental
design which aims to asks the research questions directly to participants and
collates the answer (Thompson & Panacek, 2007).

While it is easy to suggest that the research, based on the results presented by
the researcher, adheres to a correlational and descriptive design, a closer
inspection would reveal that the correlational and descriptive elements of the
research are purely employed in the data analysis.

Non-experimental design is primarily used when direct manipulation of

 variables and conditions is not possible. Due to this limitation, a non-
experimental design does not provide deterministic results when causality is in
question (Salmons, 2023).

Nevertheless, a non-experimental design is still appropriate in describing,

explaining, and exploring relationships between naturally occurring variables,
as seen in the research in question. The researcher was able to gather data on
variables that cannot be randomly assigned (years in tenure, perception,
observed frequency of occurrences) to participants and use Pearson correlation
(correlational element) and thematic content analysis (descriptive element) to
test the hypotheses and draw conclusions.

As per the data gathering method, since the research was designed to be survey-
type non-experimental research, the data gathering instrument was aptly a
survey questionnaire. Although survey-type researches run the risk of
tremendous bias if not done properly (Thompson & Panacek, 2007), the
researcher did a great job in formulating the questions (along with ethical
considerations and considerations for reliability) and in coordinating with
school supervisors and program heads during data gathering to get an excellent
response rate and hence, an excellent confidence level.

References:

Salmons, J. (2023). Quantitative Research with Non-experimental Designs. Sage Research Methods Community.

https://researchmethodscommunity.sagepub.com/blog/quantitative-research-with-non-experimental-designs

Thompson, C. B., & Panacek, E. A. (2007). Research study designs: Non-experimental. Air Medical Journal, 26(1), 18–22.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2006.10.003