QUANTITY SURVEYING

MEng. Fuad Alwashali

 Course Description
➢ The course is designed to give students, a working
knowledge of construction contracts, contractual
relationships within the construction industry and
fundamentals of construction specification writing.
Taking- over, Studies, design,
and operation tendering

Implementation
& supervision
 Course Outline

❖ Introduction
❖ Elements of the total construction project cycle and processes.
❖ project delivery methods,
❖ Construction contracts types
❖ bidding process
❖ Contract documents
❖ Type of bonds
❖ Specifications
❖ Drawings
❖ General Conditions
 Course Outline

❖ Claims
❖ Dispute resolution
❖ Quantity surveying
❖ Estimating construction cost
❖ Pricing
 Text Book & References
➢ Text Book:
▪ Estimating Construction Cost, Robert R. Peurifoy
▪ Edward Fisk and Wayne Reynolds, "Construction Project
Administration", 9th edition
➢ References:
▪ Smith, Currie & Hancock (2005) Common Sense Construction
Law. 3rd Edition, John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken , New Jersey
▪ Hinze, Jimmie (2003) Construction Contracts. 3rd Edition,
McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.
 Aims and Objectives

➢ At the completion of this course, the student will:

❖ Describe the relationships between the parties in the construction
process (the owner, contractor, and architect) as well as their
roles, duties, and responsibilities.
❖ Understanding the projects delivery systems and different contracts
organizations. And understanding the different construction contracts
types, documents and specifications.
❖ Understanding the various bidding procedures and ability to
prepare bid documents and contract documents, in addition to
ability to understand the types of bonds.
 Aims and Objectives
➢ At the completion of this course, the student will:
❖ Ability to estimate various cost components in construction
projects.
❖ Understand the quantity surveying techniques and methods.
 Introduction
❖ Definition of Terms:
➢ Construction Management
➢ Construction Contracting
➢ Construction Administration
➢ One-to-One Concept (in organization)
 Construction Management
◼ Construction:
The process by which material, equipment,
machineries are assembled into a permanent facility.
◼ Management
The planning, organizing, directing, monitoring, and
controlling of resources (Material, Manpower,
Machines, Money) to achieve the desired goal
(Time, Cost, Quality)
 Construction Contracting
◼ Contracting:
The legal and business activities needed for initiating,
executing, and terminating a construction contract.
 Construction Administration
◼ Construction Administration:

➢ Closely related to construction management.

➢ Can be defined as the implementation of construction
management principles.
 Construction Administration
◼ Covers the following area:
◼ Planning and Scheduling
◼ Business and communication system
◼ Material control
◼ Payment procedure
◼ Changes to the work
◼ Inspection and acceptance
 One-to-One Concept
◼ Previous Administration functions involve different
parties (Owner, contractors, Engineers)
◼ To minimize confusion, conflicts, claims, use:
One to One concept
◼ Each party has a single representative who
communicates important project information and
orders.
Classification of Construction Projects:
◼ By Size: Small, Medium, Large, Mega.
◼ By Ownership: Private, Public, Military.
◼ By Usage: Residential, Commercial, Industrial,
Utility. (Usage can be expanded to subcategories).
◼ By Scope (preferred):
◼ Building (Residential, non residential), emphasis
on aesthetics.
◼ Engineering (Highway, Heavy, Utility) emphasis
on function
◼ Industrial: emphasis on production
 The Construction Participants
➢ Three key players in the game:

✓ The client (or Owner or stakeholder)

✓ The A/E or consultant
✓ The contractor (or Constructor or Builder)
 Relationship Among Parties

contract General
Owner
build
Contractor
own
contract Project
contract
build
Design

A/E Subs
 The Owner
➢ The owner, (also called the client)
➢ A client maybe an individual.
➢ A group of people.
➢ A partnership.
➢ A limited liability company.
➢ A local or central government authority
 The Owner

➢ The owner is responsible for:

❖Funding and paying bills for the construction of project.
❖Determining what the project will include (also called
the scope of the project), when the project can begin
and must end (the schedule),
❖Receive the ultimate benefits of the finished project.
 The Owner
➢ Owner organizations can be broken into two major categories,
public and private.

➢ A public agency exists for the ultimate benefit of the

citizens, the general public. Examples of public projects:
an highway, or an Universities, schools.

➢ A private organization can be described as any individual,

partnership, corporation, or institution that builds a project
for its own use or for resale.

➢ The owner enters into separate contract with Architect/

Engineer and contractor.
 The Design Professional
❖The consultant is a party of the contractual relationship has
professional skills in engineering whether civil, structure,
architectural, mechanical. Etc.
❖Who acts in behalf of the client.
 The Design Professional
➢ The major role of the design professional:

➢ Is to interpret or assist the owner in developing the project's

scope, budget, and schedule and to prepare construction
documents that will be used by the construction contractor to
build the project.

➢ The architect typically sub-contracts portions of work to

other design professionals such as structural engineers,
landscape architects, electrical & mechanical engineers

➢ In almost all cases the design professional is a licensed,

registered professional who is responsible for the physical
integrity of the project.
 The Contractor

➢ A contractor is an individual or an entity that enters into

a contract with the owner to carry out the construction work.

➢ If only one contractor is appointed he may be known as

the main/prime contractor.

➢ The Contractor is responsible for the interpretation of the

contract documents into physical facility. Transform idea
to reality
 The Contractor

➢ In most cases the prime contractor divides the work

among many specialty contractors called subcontractors.
On a large project these subcontractors may also divide up
the work into even smaller work packages

➢ In a traditional arrangement where the owner, design

professional, and contractor are separate companies, the
contractor is termed a prime contractor and is
contractually responsible for delivering a completed
project in accordance with the contract documents.
 The Subcontractors
➢ A contractor assigned and work under the supervision of the
main contractor and who has special skills, experiences and
equipment to deal with specialized aspects of the work.

➢ Nominated subcontractor
➢ Non-nominated subcontractors
 Project Life Cycle
➢ The major phases in the project cycle that are common to
most design and construction projects are:

➢ Project Planning
➢ Design
➢ Schematic Design
➢ Design Development
➢ Contract Documents
➢ Construction Procurement (Bidding Phase)
➢ Construction
➢ Occupancy
➢ Decommissioning
 Project Planning Phase
➢ During this phase of the project the owner makes decision that
set the tone for the project. All projects begin with an idea or a
need

➢ During this stage the owner :

✓ Selects the project site, and

✓ Establishes a conceptual estimate, schedule.
✓ The most critical decision that is made during this project
phase is to make a decision as to whether or not to proceed
with the project (called a go/no go decision).
 Project Planning Phase

➢ Phase activities:

✓ Feasibility studies
✓ Facility programming
✓ Budgeting
✓ Project delivery system selection
✓ Scheduling
✓ Site selection/acquisition
✓ Site investigation
✓ Financing
✓ Design services procurement
 Design Phase
➢ Design process involves:
❖ Schematic Design
✓ Talk to owner, rough sketches
❖ Design Development
✓ Major Systems & component selected
❖ Contract Documents
✓ Preliminary Cost estimate
✓ Develop Preliminary working drawings
✓ Develop working drawings with Specifications
 Schematic Design

➢The A/E reviews and evaluates the owner’s program and budget
requirements and discusses with the owner alternative approaches to
the design and construction
➢During schematic design, the A/E prepares conceptual design
documents. These may include: preliminary sketches ,small scale
schematic plans, elevations, sections, diagrams, and other graphic
and written documents, General written description of project.
➢The completion of the schematic design phase represents
approximately 30 percent design completion for the project
 Design Development

➢The design development phase takes the project from about 30

percent to approximately 60 percent design.

➢It is the time when the design team will be evaluating and selecting
all the major systems and components of the project.
➢During this phase of the project the design team is involved in the
evaluation and finalization of all the architectural components and
project systems.

➢The project's budget and schedule continue to be monitored and

adjusted.
Contract Documents
 Construction Procurement:
❖ Contractor qualification/bidder list
✓ Prequalification: The reduction of the number of possible
bidders to a small group of serious, qualified bidders improves
the effectiveness of the selection process.
❖ Solicitation
❖ Proposal preparation
❖ Bid/proposal opening
❖ Bid/proposal evaluation
❖ Award of contract
❖ Final negotiation
 Construction
❖ Mobilization
❖ Subcontracting
❖ Purchasing
❖ Permits
❖ Site preparation
❖ Foundations
❖ Interior finishes and equipment
 Occupancy/ Post Construction:
❖ Start-up and testing
❖ Leasing
❖ Operation
❖ Correction
❖ Repairs/maintenance
❖ Building evaluation
Cost Influence Curve
 Level of Influence

Project Cost
Influence

Time