SIE3006 ECONOMIC BOTANY

PRACTICAL REPORT 1:
ALGAE & FUNGI FROM MARKET

GROUP MEMBERS:

MISHA MAISARAH BINTI MOHD NOORAMIN U2103627

NURUL FATIHAH BINTI BASRUN U2103549

NUR FAIQAH BINTI AZHAR U2002146

FAREEEZA NIRMALA BINTI MOHAINI U2103373

AIZATUL IZZATI BINTI ARIFFIN U2103626

LECTURER:

DR POZI MILLOW
 PRACTICAL 1 (5/12/2023)

ALGAE & FUNGI FROM MARKET

NO DETAILS ATTACHMENTS

1. Portobello Mushroom

Common name: Portobello Mushroom, Baby

Bella, Brown Button Mushroom
Scientific name: Agaricus bisporus
Family: Agaricaceae
Order: Agaricales
Phylum: Basidiomycota
Description:
- The smooth, convex surface of the huge,
spherical cap of portobello mushrooms is
characteristic.
- They usually have a sturdy stem and a
diameter of 2 to 6 inches.
- Because of their distinctive size and shape,
these mushrooms stand out visually and
are simple to identify in the wild or when
used in food preparations.

Additional facts:
- Commonly consumed.
- Grown commercially in many countries.
- Rich in umami flavour.
- Used in soups, pizza, as meat substitute in
vegetarian dishes.
- They are sold fresh and canned.

Side note: Brown button mushroom and Portebello

mushroom are from the same species. Brown
button mushroom are the younger version of
Agaricus bisporus while Portebello mushroom are
more matured. Portobello mushrooms have a dark
brown cap with light brown gills, while button
mushrooms are small and round, around an inch in
size, and start off white but become brown as they
mature. Button mushrooms are a good source of
vitamin B2, while portobellos contain higher
amounts of potassium
2. Enoki Mushroom

Scientific name: Flammulina filiformis

Family: Physalacriaceae
Order: Agaricales
Phylum: Basidiomycota
Description:
- Fruit bodies are up to 50 millimetres tall.
- Smooth cap surface.
- The lamellae are cream to yellowish-white.
- The stipe is smooth, pale-white at apex and
yellowish brown to dark brown at the base.
Additional facts:
- It grows naturally in Japan, Korea, and
China.
- Widely cultivated in East Asia.
- Popular in Japanese and Chinese cuisine.
- They are sold fresh and canned.

3. King Oyster Mushroom

Scientific name: Pleurotus eryngii

Family: Pleurotaceae
Order: Agaricales
Phylum:
Description:
- Is the largest species in the oyster
mushroom genus
- Has a thick, meaty white stem and a small
tan cap
- P. erygii are also weak parasites on the
roots of herbaceous plants, although they
may also be cultured on organic wastes.

Additional facts:
- Native to Mediterranean regions of Europe,
the Middle East and North Africa but also
grown in many parts of Asia
- Has a good shelf life and is cultivated
widely
- Has a little flavour or aroma when raw
- It develops rich umami flavour and a meaty
texture
4. Shiitake Mushroom

Scientific name: Lentinula edodes

Family: Omphalotaceae
Order: Agaricales
Phylum: Basidiomycota
Description:
- Grow in groups of the decaying wood of
deciduous trees
- These fungi typically produce light-colored,
reddish-brown, or black fruiting bodies with
a convex to flat pileus (cap) held up by a
fibrous stipe (stalk).

Additional facts:
- Shiitake are widely cultivated worldwide,
contributing about 25% of the total yearly
production of mushrooms
- Typically grown in conditions similar to their
natural environment on either artificial
substrate or hardwood logs such as oak

5. Brown Button Mushroom

Scientific name: Agaricus bisporus

Family: Agaricaceae
Order: Agaricales
Phylum: Basidiomycota
Description:
- The smooth, convex surface of the huge,
spherical cap of portobello mushrooms is
characteristic.
- They usually have a sturdy stem and a
diameter of 2 to 6 inches.
- Because of their distinctive size and shape,
these mushrooms stand out visually and
are simple to identify in the wild or when
used in food preparations.

Side note: Brown button mushroom and Portebello

mushroom are from the same species. Brown
button mushrooms are the younger version of
Agaricus bisporus while Portebello mushrooms are
more mature. Portobello mushrooms have a dark
brown cap with light brown gills, while button
mushrooms are small and round, around an inch in
size, and start off white but become brown as they
mature. Button mushrooms are a good source of
vitamin B2, while portobellos contain higher
amounts of potassium
6. Cut Kelp

Common name: Kelp, Konbu, Sweet kelp

Scientific name: Saccharina japonica
Family: Laminariaceae
Phylum: Gyrista
Description:
- Distinguished by a broad, long, flat blade
joined to a short stipe.
- Typically, the blade measures 1-2 metres in
length and 20-40 centimetres in width.
- Additionally, the blade is split into multiple
segments, each of which is further
subdivided into smaller lobes.

Additional facts:
- Over 90% of Japanese konbu cultivated
mostly in Hokkaido and supported by the
development of cultivation technology.
- For generations, Chinese people have
supplemented their diets with Saccharina
japonica, which is a great source of iodine
and helps prevent goitre.

7. Seaweed - Gracilaria sp.

Scientific name: Glacrilaria sp.

Family: Glacilariaceae
Division: Rhodophyta
Description:
- A species of red algae
- Depending on the species, different
Gracilaria spp. have different morphological
descriptions.
- A flattened or cylindrical thallus, which is
frequently dichotomously branched and can
reach a length of 50 cm, is one of the
common characteristics, though.

Additional facts:
- Has economic importance as an
agarophyte
- Used as food for humans and various
species of shellfish
- Cultivated around Asia, South America,
Africa and Oceania
8. Seaweed - Salted Seaweed ( Fujicco Benri
Wakame)

Common name: Wakame

Scientific name: Undaria pinnatifida
Family: Alariaceae
Phylum: Gyrista
Description:
- A species of kelp
- Has a subtly sweet, distinctive and strong
flavour
- Has a compound fucoxanthin that helps
burn fatty tissue

Additional facts:
- Native to cold, temperate coasts of the
northwest Pacific Ocean
- Used in oriental medicine, topical beauty
treatments and cooking
- Commonly used in soups and salad

9. Seaweed Snacks

Common name: Nori

Scientific name: Pyropia sp.
Family: Bangiaceae
Division: Rhodophyta
Description:
- A species of red algae that have discoid
holdfast and a short stipe.
- Have folded blades that are membranous
with red, brown or dark green colour.
- In some species, the blade can grow up to
one meter in length, and 20 centimeters in
diameter.

Additional facts:
- Many species of the genus Pyropia are
used to make nori, or edible seaweed, with
Pyropia yezoensis and P. haitanensis being
the most widely utilised.
- China, Korea, and Japan are home to the
majority of the world's largest growers in
this $2 billion sector.

Seaweed - Laverland
Crunch Wasabi
10.

Seaweed - Crispy Seaweed

(Noi)

11.

Seaweed - Grilled Seaweed

Roll (Taokaenoi)
12.

Seaweed - Natural
Seaweed (Kim me)

13.

Seaweed - Grilled Seaweed

(Big bang)

14. Seaweed - Sanko Kaisou Salad

Ingredients:

1. Dried seaweed
Common name: Nori
Scientific name: Pyropia sp.
Family: Bangiaceae
Division: Rhodophyta
Description:
- A species of red algae that have discoid
holdfast and a short stipe.
- Have folded blades that membranous with
red, brown or dark green colour.
- In some species, the blade can grow up to
one meter in length, and 20 centimeters in
diameter.

Additional facts:
- Many species of the genus Pyropia are
used to make nori, or edible seaweed, with
 Pyropia yezoensis and P. haitanensis being
the most widely utilised.
- China, Korea, and Japan are home to the
majority of the world's largest growers in
this $2 billion sector.

2. White wood ears

Scientific name: Tremella fuciformis
Family: Tremellaceae
Phylum: Basidiomycota
Description:
- A species of fungus
- Fruit bodies (basidiocarps) are gelatinous
and watery white
- Composed of thin but erect, seaweed-like
and branching fronds

Additional facts:
- Commercially cultivated
- Most popular fungi in China’s cuisine,
medicine and cosmetics.

3. Wakame

Scientific name: Undaria pinnatifida

Family: Alariaceae
Phylum: Gyrista
Description:
- A species of kelp
- Has a subtly sweet, distinctive and strong
flavour
- Has a compound fucoxanthin that helps
burn fatty tissue

Additional facts:
- Native to cold, temperate coasts of the
northwest Pacific Ocean
- Used in oriental medicine, topical beauty
treatments and cooking
- Commonly used in soups and salad
 References:

Petruzzello, Melissa. "portobello mushroom". Encyclopedia Britannica, 31 May. 2023,

https://www.britannica.com/topic/portobello-mushroom. Accessed 10 December 2023.

Xie, Chaotian; Li, Bing; Xu, Yan; Ji, Dehua; Chen, Changsheng (2013-02-16).
"Characterization of the global transcriptome for Pyropia haitanensis (Bangiales,
Rhodophyta) and development of cSSR markers". BMC Genomics. 14: 107.
doi:10.1186/1471-2164-14-107. ISSN 1471-2164. PMC 3626662. PMID 23414227.

Pereira, L., & Kraan, S. (2023b). Pigments and minor compounds in algae. In Elsevier
eBooks (pp. 397–461). https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-98819-3.00014-6

Gray, A. (2024, January 4). Button Mushrooms vs Portobello: What’s the Difference?
Americas Restaurant.
https://americasrestaurant.com/button-mushrooms-vs-portobello/
Petruzzello, M. (2013, July 30). Lentinula | Edodes, shiitake, oyster mushrooms.
Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/Lentinula