PURCHASE ON FIELD

EXPERIENCE

2/16/2024

Gavand Anil
BOBSTINDIA PVT LTD
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Index

Purchase On Field Experience

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Type chapter title (level 2) 2
Type chapter title (level 3) 3
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Flutes:

Certainly! Corrugated boxes are widely used in packaging due to their durability and versatility. The
type of flute used in corrugated boxes significantly influences their strength, cushioning properties,
and applications. Here are the details of the different types of flute profiles commonly used in
corrugated boxes:

1.A-Flute:

Description: A-flute is the original corrugated flute profile. It is the largest and has about 33 flutes
per foot. A-flute provides excellent cushioning properties, making it suitable for fragile and heavy
items. It also offers a good printing surface.

Features:

- Thick and sturdy.

- Excellent cushioning and shock absorption.

- Good stacking strength.

- Ideal for printing and die-cutting.

Usage: A-flute corrugated boxes are commonly used for packaging delicate items such as glassware,
ceramics, and electronics. They are also used for heavy items where extra cushioning is necessary.

2.B-Flute:

Description: B-flute has approximately 47 flutes per foot, making it smaller and denser than A-flute.
It provides a smoother printing surface and is suitable for products requiring detailed printing and
die-cutting.

Features:

- Smoother surface for printing.

- Good stacking strength.

- Cost-effective due to its efficient use of raw materials.

Usage: B-flute corrugated boxes are widely used in retail packaging, displays, and die-cut
applications. They are suitable for lightweight to medium-weight products.

3.C-Flute:

Description: C-flute has around 39 flutes per foot, offering a balance between A and B flutes. It
provides good stacking strength and crush resistance, making it versatile for various applications.

Features:
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- Medium thickness.

- Balanced strength and cushioning.

- Suitable for printing and die-cutting.

- **Usage:** C-flute corrugated boxes are commonly used for shipping boxes, food packaging, and
industrial packaging. They are suitable for a wide range of products and applications.

4. **E-Flute:**

- **Description:** E-flute is the thinnest corrugated flute with approximately 90 flutes per foot. It
offers a fine surface for high-quality printing and is ideal for products requiring intricate designs.

- **Features:**

- Thin and lightweight.

- Excellent printing quality.

- Easy to fold and die-cut.

- **Usage:** E-flute corrugated boxes are used for premium packaging, especially for products like
cosmetics, electronics, and specialty items. They are suitable for applications where detailed printing
is essential.

5. **F-Flute:**

- **Description:** F-flute is a variation of A-flute but with more flutes per foot (around 128). It is
extremely thin and offers a fine printing surface while being eco-friendly due to its reduced material
usage.

- **Features:**

- Extremely thin and lightweight.

- Excellent printing quality.

- Good stacking strength despite thin profile.

- **Usage:** F-flute corrugated boxes are used for premium and eco-friendly packaging solutions.
They are ideal for small retail boxes, specialty items, and products where environmental concerns are
a priority.

Choosing the right type of flute for corrugated boxes depends on the specific packaging
requirements, including the product's weight, fragility, printing needs, and environmental
considerations. Manufacturers and designers carefully select the appropriate flute profile to ensure
that corrugated boxes provide the necessary protection and presentation for the packaged goods.
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Corrugated Boxes:

Certainly! Flutes are the S-shaped waves between the two flat paperboard layers of corrugated
cardboard. They play a crucial role in determining the strength, durability, and cushioning properties
of the cardboard. There are several types of flute profiles used in corrugated cardboard, each serving
different purposes:

1. **A-Flute:**

- **Description:** A-flute is the original flute profile. It is the largest, with about 33 flutes per foot.
A-flute provides excellent cushioning, stacking strength, and printing surface. It's commonly used for
fragile items like glassware and pottery.

- **Features:** Thick and sturdy, good cushioning, excellent for printing, provides insulation.

- **Usage:** Packaging of delicate and heavy items, displays, and retail packaging.

2. **B-Flute:**

- **Description:** B-flute has about 47 flutes per foot, making it smaller and more compact than A-
flute. It offers a smooth printing surface and is widely used in retail packaging.

- **Features:** Smoother surface, good stacking strength, ideal for die-cutting and printing, cost-
effective.

- **Usage:** Folding cartons, POP displays, boxes for lightweight products, shelf-ready packaging.

3. **C-Flute:**

- **Description:** C-flute has approximately 39 flutes per foot, striking a balance between A and B
flutes. It provides good crush resistance and stacking strength while allowing for high-quality
printing.

- **Features:** Medium thickness, versatile, balanced strength and cushioning, good for printing
and die-cutting.

- **Usage:** Shipping boxes, retail packaging, food packaging, industrial packaging.

4. **E-Flute:**

- **Description:** E-flute is the smallest flute, with about 90 flutes per foot. It is exceptionally thin
and provides a fine surface for high-quality printing.

- **Features:** Thin, lightweight, excellent printing surface, suitable for high-resolution graphics,
easy to fold and die-cut.

- **Usage:** Premium packaging, product boxes with intricate designs, retail packaging for
electronics and cosmetics.
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5. **F-Flute:**

- **Description:** F-flute is a variation of A-flute but with more flutes per foot (about 128). It is the
thinnest flute, offering a fine printing surface and good stacking strength.

- **Features:** Extremely thin, lightweight, excellent printing quality, good stacking strength, eco-
friendly due to less material usage.

- **Usage:** Premium packaging, small retail boxes, specialty items, eco-friendly packaging
solutions.

Choosing the right flute type depends on the specific requirements of the packaging, such as the
weight of the product, desired printing quality, and the level of protection needed during transit.
Manufacturers and designers select the appropriate flute profile to ensure that corrugated cardboard
boxes provide optimal performance for the intended purpose.
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A- Flute:

Certainly! Flutes are the S-shaped waves between the two flat paperboard layers of corrugated
cardboard. They play a crucial role in determining the strength, durability, and cushioning properties
of the cardboard. There are several types of flute profiles used in corrugated cardboard, each serving
different purposes:

1. **A-Flute:**

- **Description:** A-flute is the original flute profile. It is the largest, with about 33 flutes per foot.
A-flute provides excellent cushioning, stacking strength, and printing surface. It's commonly used for
fragile items like glassware and pottery.

- **Features:** Thick and sturdy, good cushioning, excellent for printing, provides insulation.

- **Usage:** Packaging of delicate and heavy items, displays, and retail packaging.

2. **B-Flute:**

- **Description:** B-flute has about 47 flutes per foot, making it smaller and more compact than A-
flute. It offers a smooth printing surface and is widely used in retail packaging.

- **Features:** Smoother surface, good stacking strength, ideal for die-cutting and printing, cost-
effective.

- **Usage:** Folding cartons, POP displays, boxes for lightweight products, shelf-ready packaging.

3. **C-Flute:**

- **Description:** C-flute has approximately 39 flutes per foot, striking a balance between A and B
flutes. It provides good crush resistance and stacking strength while allowing for high-quality
printing.

- **Features:** Medium thickness, versatile, balanced strength and cushioning, good for printing
and die-cutting.

- **Usage:** Shipping boxes, retail packaging, food packaging, industrial packaging.

4. **E-Flute:**

- **Description:** E-flute is the smallest flute, with about 90 flutes per foot. It is exceptionally thin
and provides a fine surface for high-quality printing.

- **Features:** Thin, lightweight, excellent printing surface, suitable for high-resolution graphics,
easy to fold and die-cut.

- **Usage:** Premium packaging, product boxes with intricate designs, retail packaging for
electronics and cosmetics.
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5. **F-Flute:**

- **Description:** F-flute is a variation of A-flute but with more flutes per foot (about 128). It is the
thinnest flute, offering a fine printing surface and good stacking strength.

- **Features:** Extremely thin, lightweight, excellent printing quality, good stacking strength, eco-
friendly due to less material usage.

- **Usage:** Premium packaging, small retail boxes, specialty items, eco-friendly packaging
solutions.

Choosing the right flute type depends on the specific requirements of the packaging, such as the
weight of the product, desired printing quality, and the level of protection needed during transit.
Manufacturers and designers select the appropriate flute profile to ensure that corrugated cardboard
boxes provide optimal performance for the intended purpose.
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B- Flute:

Certainly! A-flute corrugated boxes are characterized by their relatively large flute size and thickness.
Here are the details about A-flute corrugated boxes:

**1. Flute Size:**

- A-flute corrugated boxes have the largest flute size among the commonly used corrugated box
types.

- With approximately 33 flutes per foot, A-flute provides excellent cushioning and shock absorption,
making it suitable for protecting fragile and heavy items during shipping.

**2. Thickness and Strength:**

- A-flute corrugated board is thick and sturdy, offering substantial strength and durability.

- Due to its thickness, A-flute provides robust protection against impacts and compression, making
it ideal for packaging delicate and valuable items.

**3. Printing Surface:**

- A-flute boxes provide a smooth and even printing surface, making them suitable for high-quality
printing and branding.

- Graphics, texts, and designs appear sharp and vibrant on the surface of A-flute corrugated boxes,
making them popular for retail packaging.

**4. Applications:**

- A-flute corrugated boxes are commonly used for packaging fragile items such as glassware,
ceramics, and electronics.

- They are also employed in industries where heavy and robust packaging is required, ensuring the
safety of the products during transportation and handling.

**5. Special Features:**

- A-flute corrugated boxes offer excellent insulation properties, protecting the contents from
temperature variations and humidity.

- These boxes are suitable for stacking due to their strong construction, making them efficient for
warehouse storage and transportation.

**6. Customization:**
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- A-flute corrugated boxes can be customized in various sizes and shapes to meet specific packaging
needs.

- They can be designed with additional features such as inserts, dividers, and partitions to secure
multiple items within the same box.

In summary, A-flute corrugated boxes are thick, sturdy, and offer excellent cushioning properties.
They provide a smooth surface for high-quality printing and are widely used for packaging fragile and
heavy items, ensuring their safe delivery from manufacturers to consumers.
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C- Flute:

Certainly! C-flute corrugated boxes are widely used in packaging due to their versatile nature. Here
are the details about C-flute corrugated boxes:

**C-Flute Corrugated Boxes:**

**Description:**

C-flute corrugated boxes are characterized by their medium-sized corrugation waves, with
approximately 39 flutes per foot. This type of corrugated box provides a balance between thickness
and flexibility, making it suitable for various applications.

**Features:**

1. **Strength and Durability:** C-flute boxes offer decent stacking strength and crush resistance,
making them suitable for a wide range of products. They can withstand moderate pressure without
collapsing.

2. **Printing Surface:** C-flute provides a good surface for printing high-quality graphics and text. It
allows for vibrant and detailed printing, making it popular for retail packaging where visual appeal is
essential.

3. **Versatility:** These boxes are versatile and can be easily cut, folded, and customized to create
different box styles and shapes. They are used for shipping, storage, and display purposes.

4. **Cost-Effective:** C-flute corrugated boxes strike a balance between cost and performance. They
offer a reasonable level of protection without being overly expensive, making them a cost-effective
choice for many businesses.

**Common Uses:**

1. **Shipping Boxes:** C-flute boxes are commonly used for shipping a variety of products, including
electronics, household items, and consumer goods.

2. **Retail Packaging:** These boxes are ideal for retail packaging of items such as cosmetics, small
appliances, toys, and other consumer products. The smooth surface allows for attractive branding
and product presentation.
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3. **Storage Boxes:** C-flute corrugated boxes are used for storage purposes in warehouses and
homes. They are sturdy enough to store items for an extended period.

4. **E-commerce Packaging:** With the rise of online shopping, C-flute boxes are frequently used
for packaging products sold through e-commerce platforms. They provide adequate protection
during transit.

5. **Display Boxes:** C-flute corrugated boxes can be converted into point-of-sale displays, helping
products stand out in retail environments.

Overall, C-flute corrugated boxes are a popular choice for businesses looking for a versatile and cost-
effective packaging solution that offers a good balance between strength, print quality, and
affordability.
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D- Flute:

D-flute is a relatively less common type of flute profile in corrugated cardboard, but it offers unique
advantages for specific packaging needs. Here are the details about D-flute corrugated boxes:

**D-Flute:**

- **Description:** D-flute is a smaller, denser flute type with approximately 128 flutes per foot,
making it one of the finest flute profiles available. It stands between E-flute and B-flute in terms of
size but is closer in thickness to E-flute. The D-flute's design provides a smooth surface for printing
and excellent crush resistance.

- **Features:**

- **Fine Texture:** D-flute offers a smooth and fine texture, making it ideal for high-quality printing
with intricate designs and detailed graphics.

- **Strength:** Despite its thin profile, D-flute provides good stacking strength and crush resistance,
ensuring the structural integrity of the box.

- **Flexibility:** D-flute is flexible and can be easily die-cut and folded, allowing for customized
packaging designs and shapes.

- **Lightweight:** Although it's sturdy, D-flute is lightweight, which can be advantageous for
reducing shipping costs, especially for large quantities.

- **Usage:**

- **Retail Packaging:** D-flute corrugated boxes are often used for retail packaging where a
combination of strength and high-quality printing is required. Products like electronics, cosmetics,
and specialty items benefit from the fine printing surface.

- **Promotional Displays:** Due to its excellent printability and flexibility, D-flute is used in creating
eye-catching promotional displays, point-of-purchase (POP) stands, and other marketing materials.

- **Luxury Products:** D-flute is suitable for packaging high-end or luxury products where the
packaging itself contributes to the overall product presentation.

- **Advantages:**

- **Print Quality:** D-flute provides superior print quality, making it suitable for packaging that
requires intricate designs, vibrant colors, and detailed graphics.

- **Eco-Friendly:** D-flute corrugated boxes use less material due to their thin profile, making them
eco-friendly and reducing environmental impact.
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- **Versatility:** Its flexibility and printability make D-flute versatile for various packaging
applications, especially those requiring a balance between aesthetics and strength.

While D-flute may not be as widely used as other flute types, its unique characteristics make it a
preferred choice for specific packaging requirements where high-quality printing and visual appeal
are essential.
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E- Flute:

E-flute corrugated boxes are known for their exceptionally thin and fine flute profile. Here are the
details about E-flute corrugated boxes:

**Flute Profile:**

E-flute has approximately 90 flutes per foot, making it the thinnest and finest type of corrugated flute
available. The "E" designation represents the number of flutes per linear foot.

**Thickness:**

E-flute corrugated boxes are notably thin compared to other flute profiles. The thinness of the flute
allows for a compact structure, making these boxes ideal for applications where space-saving is
essential.

**Features:**

1. **Lightweight:** E-flute boxes are lightweight due to their thin construction. This makes them
suitable for shipping products where minimizing weight is crucial for cost-effective transportation.

2. **Excellent Printing Surface:** The fine surface of E-flute corrugated boxes provides an excellent
printing surface. High-quality graphics and intricate designs can be printed on E-flute boxes, making
them popular for retail packaging of premium and luxury items.

3. **Easy to Fold and Die-Cut:** E-flute corrugated sheets are easy to fold and die-cut into various
shapes and sizes. This flexibility in design makes them suitable for creating custom packaging
solutions.

4. **Space-Efficient:** Due to their thin profile, E-flute boxes take up less storage space when
compared to boxes made from larger flute profiles like A, B, or C-flute.

5. **Cushioning:** While E-flute is thinner than other flute profiles, it still provides a degree of
cushioning, making it suitable for protecting delicate items when packaged properly.

**Usage:**

E-flute corrugated boxes are commonly used for:

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- **Premium and Luxury Packaging:** E-flute boxes are often chosen for high-end products such as
electronics, cosmetics, perfumes, and gourmet food items due to their excellent printing surface and
aesthetic appeal.

- **Point of Purchase (POP) Displays:** E-flute is popular for designing attractive POP displays in
retail environments. Its fine surface allows for vibrant graphics and detailed product information.

- **Small Retail Boxes:** E-flute boxes are suitable for creating small retail boxes for various
products. They offer a balance between visual appeal and protective functionality.

- **Eco-Friendly Packaging:** E-flute boxes are considered eco-friendly because they use less
material compared to boxes made from larger flute profiles, aligning with sustainable packaging
practices.

When considering E-flute corrugated boxes for packaging needs, it's important to assess the specific
requirements of the products being packaged and choose the appropriate thickness and design to
ensure both protection and visual appeal.
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METAL PARTS:

Cost Master:

In the context of metal rate finding, a "cost master" refers to a detailed database or record that
contains comprehensive information about the costs associated with various aspects of metal
production and processing. This database typically includes detailed cost breakdowns for different
stages of metal production, such as mining, refining, processing, transportation, and distribution.

The cost master serves as a reference tool for businesses and professionals in the metal industry,
helping them analyze and calculate the total cost incurred in producing or acquiring a specific
quantity and quality of metal. By consulting the cost master, businesses can determine the expenses
involved in different production processes, factor in overhead costs, transportation expenses, labor
costs, energy costs, and other relevant expenditures.

Having a well-maintained cost master is crucial for several reasons:

1. **Pricing Strategies:** Metal producers and distributors can use the cost master to set
competitive and profitable prices for their products by understanding the total costs involved and
adding a suitable margin for profit.

2. **Cost Estimation:** When businesses are planning new projects or considering expanding their
production capacity, they can estimate the costs involved by referring to the cost master. This
estimation helps in budgeting and financial planning.

3. **Cost Comparison:** By comparing the costs of different production methods or suppliers,

businesses can make informed decisions about which methods or suppliers are the most cost-
effective.

4. **Profitability Analysis:** Companies can analyze their profitability by comparing the selling prices
with the costs listed in the cost master. This analysis helps in evaluating the financial health of the
business.

5. **Negotiations:** When negotiating contracts with suppliers or buyers, having a clear

understanding of the costs involved ensures fair and profitable deals for all parties involved.

In summary, a cost master in metal rate finding is a valuable tool that provides detailed information
about the costs associated with metal production, allowing businesses to make informed decisions
about pricing, cost estimation, profitability analysis, and negotiations.
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YOY Changes:

"YoY" stands for Year over Year, and it refers to the comparison of a specific metric or value between
one year and the previous year. In the context of a cost master, "YoY changes" in cost refer to the
year-over-year changes in costs associated with various aspects of metal production and processing.

When you analyze YoY changes in a cost master, you are comparing the costs incurred in a specific
period (for example, this year) with the costs from the same period in the previous year. This
comparison helps businesses understand how their costs have changed over time, indicating trends
and patterns that can be crucial for financial planning, budgeting, and decision-making.

Here's why analyzing YoY changes in a cost master is important:

1. **Identifying Trends:** By comparing costs over multiple years, businesses can identify trends in
cost fluctuations. For example, they can see if costs are steadily increasing, decreasing, or
experiencing seasonal variations.

2. **Budgeting and Forecasting:** YoY changes provide valuable insights for budgeting and
forecasting future costs. Businesses can anticipate cost increases or decreases based on historical
data, allowing for more accurate financial planning.

3. **Performance Evaluation:** Comparing costs year over year helps evaluate the efficiency of cost-
saving initiatives or efficiency improvements implemented within the organization. Positive changes
indicate successful strategies, while negative changes may signal inefficiencies that need to be
addressed.

4. **Decision-Making:** Understanding YoY changes in costs enables businesses to make informed

decisions about pricing strategies, resource allocation, and investment plans. It helps in adapting
strategies based on changing market conditions.

5. **Financial Reporting:** YoY changes in costs are often included in financial reports to provide
stakeholders with a clear picture of the company's financial performance and cost management
efforts.

In summary, analyzing Year over Year changes in a cost master allows businesses to track cost
fluctuations, identify patterns, and make data-driven decisions to optimize their operations and
remain competitive in the market.
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CIR REPORTS:

Cost intelligence reports, also known as cost intelligence or cost analytics reports, provide detailed
insights into the various costs associated with a business's operations. These reports analyze and
break down costs, helping businesses understand their spending patterns, identify cost-saving
opportunities, and make informed decisions to optimize their financial resources. Here's what cost
intelligence reports typically include and why they are important:

### What Cost Intelligence Reports Include:

1. **Cost Breakdown: ** Cost intelligence reports provide a detailed breakdown of all costs incurred
by the business. This includes direct costs (like raw materials and labor) and indirect costs (like
overhead, utilities, and administrative expenses).

2. **Trends Analysis:** These reports often include historical data, allowing businesses to analyze
cost trends over time. Recognizing patterns helps in anticipating future expenses.

3. **Variance Analysis:** Cost intelligence reports compare actual costs against budgeted or
projected costs. Variances are highlighted, indicating where the actual costs differ from what was
planned. This helps in understanding cost overruns and underspending.

4. **Cost Drivers:** They identify the factors that drive costs within the organization. Understanding
these drivers is crucial for cost control strategies.

5. **Benchmarking:** Reports often compare the organization's costs with industry benchmarks.
This helps in understanding how competitive the organization's cost structure is.

6. **Visualization:** Data is often presented visually through charts and graphs, making it easier for
stakeholders to grasp complex cost information quickly.

### Why Cost Intelligence Reports are Important:

1. **Informed Decision Making:** By understanding where the money is going, businesses can make
data-driven decisions. This might include decisions related to pricing, budgeting, resource allocation,
and cost reduction strategies.
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2. **Cost Optimization:** Identifying cost-saving opportunities is a primary goal. By analyzing the

reports, businesses can pinpoint areas where costs can be reduced without compromising quality or
efficiency.

3. **Performance Measurement:** Cost intelligence reports help in evaluating the efficiency of

various departments or projects within the organization. It aids in identifying high-performing and
low-performing areas.

4. **Budgeting and Forecasting:** Historical cost data is vital for accurate budgeting and forecasting.
It helps in setting realistic financial goals and predicting future costs based on past trends.

5. **Compliance and Accountability:** For regulatory compliance and internal accountability,

businesses need to have a clear understanding of their costs, especially in industries with strict
financial regulations.

In summary, cost intelligence reports provide a comprehensive view of an organization's spending

patterns. By leveraging this information, businesses can make strategic decisions, improve efficiency,
and remain competitive in the market.

HR TUBES:

HR Coils, also known as Hot Rolled Coils, are a type of steel product that is created by heating a metal
billet or slab and then rolling it at a high temperature. This process allows the material to be easily
shaped and formed for various industrial applications. HR Coils are typically made from ferrous
metals, which are metals that contain iron.

The hot rolling process involves passing the metal through a pair of rolls while the metal is at a high
temperature, typically over 1700 degrees Fahrenheit (926 degrees Celsius). This high temperature
makes the metal more malleable and easier to shape. Once the metal has been hot rolled into coils,
it can be further processed and used to create a wide range of products, including construction
materials, automotive parts, pipes, and more.

Hot Rolled Coils have advantages such as cost-effectiveness and a smoother surface finish compared
to cold rolled coils. They are widely used in various industries due to their versatility and ease of
manufacturing.
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