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Graphene Hybrid Structures for Integrated

and Flexible Optoelectronics
Xiaoqing Chen, Khurram Shehzad, Li Gao,* Mingsheng Long, Hui Guo, Shuchao Qin,
Xiaomu Wang, Fengqiu Wang, Yi Shi, Weida Hu, Yang Xu,* and Xinran Wang*

security and energy harvesting. To realize

Graphene (Gr) has many unique properties including gapless band structure, high-efficiency optoelectronics, the first
ultrafast carrier dynamics, high carrier mobility, and flexibility, making it step is to choose the right material that
appealing for ultrafast, broadband, and flexible optoelectronics. To overcome can absorb or generate photons in the
its intrinsic limit of low absorption, hybrid structures are exploited to improve electromagnetic spectrum ranging from
ultraviolet (UV) to terahertz (THz). The
the device performance. Particularly, van der Waals heterostructures with
emerging 2D materials ranging from
different photosensitive materials and photonic structures are very effective metals to semiconductors and insulators
for improving photodetection and modulation efficiency. With such hybrid provide new opportunities for the modern
structures, Gr hybrid photodetectors can operate from ultraviolet to terahertz, optoelectronics with wide range of avail-
with significantly improved R (up to 109 A W−1) and bandwidth (up to able bandgaps, flexibility and the ability to
build multifunctional van der Waals het-
128 GHz). Furthermore, integration of Gr with silicon (Si) complementary
erostructures.[1] Compared with the semi-
metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) circuits, the human body, and soft conductors such as the transition-metal
tissues is successfully demonstrated, opening promising opportunities for dichalcogenides (TMDCs), black phospho-
wearable sensors and biomedical electronics. Here, the recent progress in rous (BP) and Si, that are optimized for
using Gr hybrid structures toward high-performance photodetectors and a narrow range of energy with the above-
integrated optoelectronic applications is reviewed. bandgap absorption, Gr has attracted a
lot of attention in optoelectronics due to
its unique electronic and optical proper-
ties such as, ultrahigh carrier mobility,
1. Introduction zero bandgap, tunable work function, fast carrier dynamics
and strong light–matter coupling.[2–12] These properties lead to
Optoelectronics devices, such as photodetectors, modulators, applications like photodetectors, transparent conductors for dis-
lasers, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), solar cells, etc., have found plays, saturable absorbers for ultrafast lasers, LEDs and broad-
many important applications in the modern society which band optical modulators.[13] To build an efficient optoelectronic
include imaging, display, optical communications, healthcare, device, several intrinsic properties of Gr should be noticed.

X. Chen, Prof. H. Guo Prof. L. Gao

School of Microelectronics Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information
Xidian University Displays (KLOEID)
Xian 710071, China Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
X. Chen, Dr. S. Qin, Prof. X. M. Wang, Prof. F. Wang, Prof. Y. Shi, School of Materials Science and Engineering
Prof. X. R. Wang Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Nanjing 210046, China
School of Electronic Science and Engineering E-mail: iamlgao@njupt.edu.cn
Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Dr. M. Long, Prof. W. Hu
Nanjing University National Laboratory for Infrared Physics
Nanjing 210093, China Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics
E-mail: xrwang@nju.edu.cn Chinese Academy of Sciences
Dr. K. Shehzad, Prof. Y. Xu 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai 200083, China
College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering
College of Microelectronics
ZJU-UIUC Joint Institute
State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
Zhejiang University
Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
E-mail: yangxu-isee@zju.edu.cn
The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article
can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201902039.
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902039

Adv. Mater. 2020, 32, 1902039 1902039 (1 of 24) © 2019 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim