KOÇ UNIVERSITY – ELC SPRING 2024

UPPER-INTERMEDIATE SUPPLEMENTARY VOCABULARY MATERIAL

SKILLFUL 4 READING-WRITING & LISTENING-SPEAKING
WORDLIST: UNIT 1

PART A: Choose the best answer to complete the text.

Every item we buy has a back story. From electronics to textiles, from handmade carpets to coffee,
tea, and chocolate, the production of these products might ___1___ to some form of modern-day slavery.
Consider a product as ___2___ as chocolate. While a ___3___ of chocolate products may have been produced
in your country, the cocoa in the chocolate probably came from West Africa, where 60 per cent of the world's
cocoa is produced. As you read this, thousands of children and adults live and work in slave-like conditions on
cocoa farms in West Africa. In a way, when you buy a piece of chocolate you are making an ___4___ that
might aid in the continuation of these slave-like conditions. However, consumer demand for ethically sourced
products and services can have a powerful ____5____ on the producers responsible for these terrible
conditions. Imagine if we all refused to purchase goods that have a back story of slavery. Company sales, and
therefore profits, would fall, and then producers would begin to change their practices. Look around at items
in your home and workplace and ask yourself the simple question: 'Where did this come from, who made it,
and under what kind of conditions was it produced?

1) a) encounter b) contribute c) empathize

2) a) adjusted b) effected c) commercial
3) a) firmness b) function c) range
4) a) adjustment b) investment c) evidence
5) a) modification b) perception c) effect

PART B: Complete the sentences with the correct prepositions (in, at, with, etc.) to create collocations.

1) We should never make assumptions ____about________ people we don’t know, especially since we don’t
know the circumstances of their lives.
2) In divorce and custody cases, fathers often feel that attorneys and courts are biased __against__________
them.
3) Telemarketers are asked not to deviate __from_________ their scripts when speaking to potential
customers.
4) The revolutionaries were intending to impose their view __on__________ parliament by violence, but a
display of military force held them in check.
5) Once people become more educated, they are better able to participate ___in________ the modern
economy.
6) The mechanic told him some parts needed to be changed, but he was reluctant ___to________ commit to
the additional expense.

Page 1 of 5
 KOÇ UNIVERSITY – ELC SPRING 2024

PART C: Complete the second sentences with the correct form of the words in bold in the first sentences.

1) She decided to pursue a career in journalism.

She made a ___decision ____________________ to follow a journalistic career.

2) They managed to resolve the conflict through open communication.

Through open communication, they successfully found a ____resolution____________________ to the

conflict.

3) People often form their perception of online communication based on their cultural backgrounds.

Individuals tend to ___perceive _____________________ online communication differently based on their

culture.

4) The message she received was unclear and carried an element of ambiguity.

The message she received was vague and ___ambiguous ________________________.

5) Providing a clear justification for your decisions is crucial in discussions.

It is important to ____justify __________________ your decisions while discussing.

6) The designer decided to modify the layout of the website based on customers’ feedback.

The designer implemented a ____modification ____________________ to the website to enhance

customer satisfaction.

PART D: Complete the sentences below with the correct form of the words in bold.

1) efficient
a) considering Metin’s performance, he is a more ___efficient _____________________ employee
compared to his colleagues.
b) Mehmet does not work as ____efficiently _______________________ as Metin does based on the
annual performance evaluations.
2) distinguish
a) Although they can be difficult to tell apart, identical twins usually have a few
____distinctive_____________________ features.
b) Because they are identical twins, it is very difficult to ___distinguish_______________________
between the two sisters.
3) phenomenon
a) The aurora borealis, or ‘northern lights’ as they are commonly known, are a natural
_____phenomenon_______________________ that are still not fully understood.
b) The northern lights usually appear on very cold, clear nights. If you’ve never seen them, you should
try to one day. They are a ___phenomenonal_________________________ sight to see.

Page 2 of 5
 KOÇ UNIVERSITY – ELC SPRING 2024

4) function
a) The office chairs have been designed to be extremely ___functional______________________. They
have features such as adjustable height and back and rollers on the bottom to make it easy to move
around.
b) These earbuds have been designed very well – great sound, many useful features, and a very
comfortable fit. They serve their ___function_______________________ extremely well.

5) evolve
a) When the fossil record is examined closely, the __evolutionary _________________________ record
of how living things changed from simple to complex organisms can be clearly seen.
b) That life on earth has _evolved_________________________ over millions of years is a theory that
most scientists accept.
6) necessary
a) Studying a new language __ necessitate __________________________ long term and concentrated
effort.
b) Living in a foreign country _____ necessarily________________________ means getting used to that
country’s food, whether you like it at first or not.

PART E

Complete the text with the correct words from the box. Do NOT change the form of the words. There are TWO
EXTRA words in the box.

adjust adapt justification

contribute differentiate evidence
interfere aid

Understanding Modern Friendship

In today's modern age, forming friendships online has become increasingly common. The vast range
of social platforms __contribute ____________ (1) to this phenomenon, allowing individuals to encounter
new people from all over the world. However, effective communication in online friendships requires
individuals to __adjust ____________ (2) their approach. Without the ability to___differentiate___________
(3) between genuine connections and superficial interactions, misunderstandings may arise. Empathy plays a
crucial role in online friendships. Without physical cues, such as tone of voice or facial expressions, individuals
have to rely on emotional _aid _____________ (4) which are conveyed through text. Additionally, the
evolution of online communication necessitates a willingness to ___adapt ___________ (5) to new
technologies and trends. In conclusion, while online friendships may be helpful in expanding social networks,
individuals must be aware of the potential biases that can __interfere____________ (6) with genuine

Page 3 of 5
 KOÇ UNIVERSITY – ELC SPRING 2024
connection. By fostering empathy and being open to new perspectives, individuals can understand the
complexities of modern communication and form meaningful online friendships.

PART F: Write a paragraph of about 100 words on one of the topics below. In your paragraph, use AT LEAST
FOUR of the words in the table below. You may select any form of the words provided. You may consult
dictionaries if needed.

Topic 1: What are the potential threats to online friendships?

Topic 2: What strategies can be employed to ensure efficient group work?
HEADWORD VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE ADVERB COLLOCATION
1 phenomenon phenomenon phenomenal phenomenon of sth
2 affiliated affiliate affiliation affiliated to be affiliated with/to sb/sth
3 manipulate manipulate manipulation manipulative manipulatively manipulation of sth
manipulator to manipulate sb
careful/clever manipulation
4 inclined to incline inclination inclined incline to/towards
inclination of
5 conform conform conformity conformable conformably conform to/with sth
conformity to/with
6 inefficient efficiency efficient efficiently to work/operate efficiently
inefficiency inefficient inefficiently
7 pursue pursue pursuit in pursuit of sth
to pursue a career in + a field
8 reluctant reluctance reluctant reluctantly to be reluctant to do sth
to have reluctance to do sth

.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................

Page 4 of 5
 KOÇ UNIVERSITY – ELC SPRING 2024
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................

After writing your paragraph, swap your paper with your partner. Read their paragraphs, underline the
words used from the list and discuss what word forms they preferred to use.

Page 5 of 5