AUTOMATION

OUTLINE
• Automation definition
• Top reasons for Automation
• Types of Automation systems
• Comparisons of Fixed and flexible automation.
 INTRODUCTION TO AUTOMATION
• Automation can be defined as the process of involving software
robots or hardware robots to solve the human problems.
• Due to this automation, it is said that ¼th of the job will be lost in the
market.
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• Top reasons for Automation
• Cost Savings: eliminating the unwanted human resource and other resources
in the cycle.
• Quality of Work
• Accuracy: It helps the organization to deliver accurate (exact resource)
resource or solution on the accurate (exact time) time.
• Employee Empowerment: It will enhance and empower the human engineers
performance in the solving the issues
• Simplicity and Flexibility
• Helping Engineers!:Automation can only help human engineers in solving the
problem
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• Main Objectives of Automation
• To increase productivity
• To improve quality of the product
• Control production cost
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• Types of Automation systems
• Permanent/fixed automation: Designed to perform a specific task
• Programmable automation: Used for a changeable sequence of operation
and configuration of the machines using electronic controls.
• Flexible automation: Used in manufacturer Systems which is invariably
computer controlled.
• Integrated automation: Denotes complete automation of a manufacturing
plant, with all processes functioning under computer control and under
coordination through digital information processing.
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• Permanent/Fixed Automation:
• Complicated if we want to do other task apart from the existing task.
• Used in high volume production with dedicated equipment
• Systems Production that use this automation:- Distillation process,
Conveyors, etc.
Distillation process
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Conveyor belt system diagram

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• Programmable automation:
• Used in batch process where job variety is low and product volume is medium
to high and sometimes in mass production eg: Steel rolling Mills, paper mills
etc
Steel rolling Mills
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• Flexible automation:
• Each production machine receives settings/instructions from computer.
• Used in batch processes where product varieties are high and job volumes
are medium and low. Such systems typically use Multi purpose CNC
machines, Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV) etc.
• Batch production is a manufacturing process that can help companies
produce multiple items in a single run. This results in cost and time savings.
• Batch production is a manufacturing method wherein a group of identical
products are produced in one batch instead of one at a time
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Batch process
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Batch process
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• Integrated automation:
• Integrated automation can be defined as software workflows that operate
independently and constantly with minimal human input after parameters
have been set.
• Includes technologies such as computer-aided design and manufacturing,
computer-aided process planning, computer numerical control machine tools,
flexible machining systems etc.
• In other words, it symbolizes full integration of process and management
operations using information and communication technologies.
• Typical examples of such technologies are seen in Advanced Process
Automation System and Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM).
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• Integrated automation systems incorporate the total manufacturing
system into a computer-controlled, digitally processed and
coordinated system.
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Integrated automation
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Integrated automation systems

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QUIZ: Explain in details the comparisons of Fixed and flexible
automation.
Thank You For Listening