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Enterobacteriaceae Condensada
Enterobacteriaceae Condensada
Enterobacteriaceae Condensada
K / Capsular antigen
-heat-labile polysaccharide found in certain species such
Culture Media as the
non-selective media: K1 Ag of E. coli & Vi Ag of Salmonella typhi.
General Characteristics
1. Sheep’s blood agarhave little
4 major features: 2. Chocolate agarvalue in ID The O Agforms the outer part of the cell membrane.
1. All ferment glucose. The K Ag wraps around the cell like a capsule.
2. All reduce nitrates to nitrites. differential & selective media:-for presumptive The arms of the H Ag become wavy flagella.
3. None produce cytochrome oxidase. identification
4. All are motile with flagellararrangement as peritrichous 1. MAC Clinical Significance
2. HE agar / Hektoen –highly selective
Characteristics E. Coli * Most members of the Family Enterobacteriaceaeare
3. XLD agar/Xylose-Lysine-Desoxycholate
Ferment Trehalose present in the intestinal tract of animals and humans as
HE & XLD–contain Na thiosulfate & Fe+3 ammonium citrate,
Glucose COMMENSAL FLORA.
which produce blackening of H2S-producing colonies.
Lactose
Xylose Classification 2 Categories of Enterobacteriaceae based on the
Indole + –Ewing (1963) –proposed the use of tribes in classifying clinical infections they produce:
Methyl Red X the members in the family Enterobacteriaceae
H2S X 1. Opportunistic pathogens
DNAse X –Edwards & Ewing’s Identification of -part of the normal intestinal flora of both humans and
Phenylalanine Deaminase X Enterobacteriaceae animals
-subsequent editions -[outside their habitat] ➔may produce serious extra-
KCN No Growth intestinal opportunistic infections
X
Citrate as Sole Carbon Source Can’t Virulence & Antigenic Factors 2. Primary intestinal pathogens
X -E.g.Salmonella, Shigella, Yersiniaenterocolitica
Factors that control virulence of Enterobacteriaceae:
Motility Both -considered true pathogens
1. the ability to colonize
Vogues Proskauer — -not commensal flora in the gastrointestinal tract of
2. the ability to adhere
humans
3. the ability to produce various toxins
-produce infections that result from the ingestion of
4. the ability to invade tissues
Non-motile enterics: contaminated food and water.
Plasmids–mediate resistance to antimicrobials
1. Klebsiella
2. Shigella Antigens Used in Identifying different serologic Clinical Infections
3. Yersinia groups:
1. O / Somatic antigen Theodore Escherich(1885)
Microscopic & Colonial Morphology -heat-stable Ag located in the cell wall
2. H / Flagellar antigen -first described E. coli as a non-harmful member of the
-gram negative
-heat-labile Ag found in the flagellum colon flora
-non spore-forming
-facultative anaerobe bacilli
5 Major Categories of diarrheogenic E. coli:
Types EPEC ETEC EIEC EHEC 0517:H7 EAEC/EAggEC
Description • Outbreak • Infant and Adults • Similar to dse by Shigella • N/A • N/A
o Hospital
o Daycare • Children and Adults
Disease • Infantile • Traveler’s Diarrhea • Dysentery • N/A • Diarrhea by
Diarrhea adherence to
int mucosa
MOT • N/A • Visitors of Third World • N/A • associated with •
Countries hemorrhagic diarrhea,
• Consume cont food and colitis, and hemolytic
water uremic syndrome
(HUS)
• Factors:
• Poor Hygiene
• Inadequate DW source
• Lack Proper Sanitation
Special • N/A • Toxin: • N.A • HUS •
• low platelet count
• LT/Heat Labile Toxin • hemolytic anemia
• Same to V. cholerae • kidney failure
• B FRAGMENT: Receptor
Site on GM1 Ganglioside
of Int Mucosa
• Entry of A Frag
• A FRAGMENT: –acts on
adenyl cyclase
• -activates conversion of
ATP to cyclic adenosine
monophosphate(cAMP).
The accumulation of
Camp in the intestinal
mucosa initiates the
hypersecretion of
electrolytes and fluids
into the lumen, resulting
in a watery diarrhea.
• ST / Heat-stable toxin
• -stimulates guanylate
cyclase, causing the
increased production of
cyclic guanosine
monophosphate(cGAMP)
and subsequent
hypersecretion
Types EPEC ETEC EIEC EHEC 0517:H7 EAEC/EAggEC
Laboratory • N/A • N/A • Sereny Test: determines the • N/A • N/A
Findings organisms’ ability to produce
keratoconjunctivitis in the guinea pig
• -one of the assays previously used to
determine the virulence of both EIEC
and Shigella
• -non-motile
• -do not ferment lactose
• -cross-reactions between Shigella
• -O Ag is seen