WEEK 2: MODULE 1: COMMUNICATION AND ITS

IMPORTANT

COMMUNICATION

- The word communication originated from the

Latin word “‘Communis” which means common.

CONCEPTS AND DEFINITION

- Leagans a process which two or more people

exchange ideas, facts, feelings or impression
- Rogers, 1983 the process by which the message
is transmitted from the source to the receiver.
- Brooker, 1949 anything that conveys meaning,
that carries a message from one person to
another. LEVELS OF COMMUNICATION
- Thayer, 1968 a mutual interchange of ideas by
any effective means.  Intrapersonal communication: Communication
within an individual or one's self
5 PROCESSES OF COMMUNICATION  Interpersonal communication: Face to face
contact or communication
1. The sender generates an idea in the mind.  Organizational communication: Distinct form of
2. The idea is then converted into words, pictures, communication at highly structured setting. It can be
sounds, symbols, actions. This is called downward, upward and horizontal.
‘encoding the idea’.  Inter-organizational: Communication between the
3. The encoded idea is transmitted to the receiver. organizations
4. The receiver receives the encoded message What are the most common ways we
through the senses and perceives it in the mind. communicate?
5. The receiver then decodes or converts the 1. Visual Images
message back into meaningful ideas in his / her 2. Spoken Word
own mind. 3. Body Language
4. Written Word

Encoding
- The process of transferring the information into a Spoken Language
form that can be sent and correctly decoded at • An interaction where both participants are present
the other end. • Informal vocabulary
• The interruptions and overlaps are common
MEDIUM (COMMUNICATION CHANNELS) • Dynamic
• Is spontaneous and instant
Verbal Communication Channels • Given the opportunity to rethink or rephrase the
• Face-To-Face meetings, utterance
• Telephones’ Written language
• Video Conferencing. • Distant from the reader, no visual cues and no
Written Communication Channels immediate feed back
• Letters, • Formal vocabulary, including words which are not
• Memos, normally used in spoken language
• Reports. • There is time lag between production & reception
• Organized and compact expression due to careful
Feedback:
sentence structure
• Verbal Reactions and Non-Verbal Reactions.
• Positive feedback and Negative feedback. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION

STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES Downwards Communication:

Verbal Communication - Highly Directive
• Strength - Role of Body Language - Senior to subordinates
• Weakness - Not possible to give long list of - To assign duties, give instructions, to inform, to
directions offer feedback, approval, to highlight problems etc.

Upwards Communications:
- It is non directive in nature
- From down below, to give feedback, to inform
about progress/problems, seeking approvals.

Lateral or Horizontal Communication:

 - Among colleagues, peers at same level for
information sharing, for coordination, to save time.

Importance of Communication in Business

Business Communication is incomplete without:
 Planning
o Study or analyze purpose
o Prepare layout for writing schedule
o Identify audience
o Investigate about audience need
o Adapt the right medium
 Writing
Non-verbal Communication
o Define the main idea
o Collect all points - Nonverbal communication includes sending &
o Direct and Indirect approach receiving messages without using words.
o Choose good words carefully
VARIOUS TYPES OF NVC
 Completing
o Evaluate content KINESICS
o Review readability - Comes from the root word kinesis, which means
o Rewriting for clarity “movement,” and refers to the study of hand, arm,
body, and face movements.
GOOD COMMUNICATOR
• An ACTIVE listener
• An EFFECTIVE presenter THREE MAIN TYPES OF GESTURE
• A QUICK THICKER
• A win-win NEGOTIATOR 1. Adaptors - are touching behaviors and
movements that indicate arousal or anxiety which
tells us that we are not in control of our
WEEK 2: MODULE 2: VERBAL AND NON-VERBAL surroundings.
COMMUNICATION
2. Emblems - are gestures that have a specific
agreed-on meaning.
Verbal Communication
3. Illustrators - are the most common type of
- Include sounds, words, language, and speech.
gesture and are used to illustrate the verbal
Speaking is an effective way of communicating
message they accompany.
and helps in expressing our emotions in words.

FOUR TYPES OF VERBAL COMMUNICATION

Intrapersonal Communication
• Extremely private and restricted to ourselves.
• Silent conversations we have with ourselves,
• Can either be conveyed verbally to someone or
stay confined as thoughts.
Facial Expressions
Interpersonal Communication - Faces, most expressive part of our bodies.
• Takes place between two individuals
• A one-on-one conversation.
• Two individuals swap their roles of sender and
receiver in order to communicate.

Small Group Communication

• There are more than two people involved.
• Allow each participant to interact and converse
with the rest.
• Press conferences, board meetings, and team
meetings are examples of group communication

Public Communication
• One individual address a large gathering of
people.
• Election campaigns and public speeches are
example of this type of communication.
Global Impact – Body Language
• India - Shaking your head from side-to-side is an
affirmative (yes) gesture.
• Japan - Removing your shoes before entering a
home or place of worship is a sign of respect.
• Middle East - Showing the soles of one’s shoes is
rude

WEEK 2: MODULE 3: COMMUNICATION

PROCESSES, PRINCIPLES, MODELS, AND ETHICS

COMMUNICATION
- Derived from the latin word “communicare” or
“communico” both of which means “to share”.
- Communication is defined as an exchange of facts,
ideas, opinions or emotion by two or more persons

CULTURE
- Culture is the social behavior and norms found in
human society.
- Culture is considered a central concept in
anthropology, encompassing the range of
phenomena that are transmitted through social
learning in human societies.

CULTURES AROUND YOU

WEEK 3&4: MODULE 3:

COMMUNICATION AND GLOBALIZATION

- Globalization - increasing economic, political, and

cultural integration and interdependence of diverse
cultures

FIVE LANGUAGE REGISTERS
1. Frozen Register - Rarely or never changes.
EXAMPLE: Pledge of Allegiance, Words to a song,
Poetry, Prayer, Law
2. Formal Register - One-way communication,
complete sentences, focus on form. EXAMPLE:
Presentations, Academic Paper, Essays in school, Used
at work, school, and business, Interviews
3. Consultative Register - Two way communication
used in conversation. No past experience with that
person. EXAMPLE: Strangers who interact, Adults at
work, Teachers with students, Talking with lawyer or
doctor
4. Casual Register - A language used by friends. Past
experience with that person. EXAMPLE: Slang, Talking
with friends, Personal letter to a friend
5. Intimate Register - Language shared between
couples, twins, very close friends. Language of sexual
harassment. EXAMPLE: Finish each other’s sentences,
Very close relationship
WEEK 5: MODULE 4: COMMUNICATION AIDS AND
STRATEGIES USINGTOOLS OF TECHNOLOGY
PREPARING MULTIMEDIA PRESENTATION
• In this digital age, communication is mediated
using technology.
• It is imperative to know how technology works -
the purpose it can serve and efficiently and
effectively.
MAJOR TYPES OF COMMUNICATION AIDS
1. Computer-based Media
• Powerpoint or web-based alternatives.
2. Audiovisual Media
• films, slide tape presentations, video clips,
podcasts, online videos, documentaries,
television programs and live theater
productions.
• use web streaming, video conferencing,
and live broadcast services.
• in education, interactive whiteboard
technology, installing projection equipment.
3. Low-Tech Media
• chalk or dry-erase board, flipchart, foam
board ot poster board, handouts
CHARACTERISTICS OF MULTIMEDIA
PRESENTATIONS
1. Visually Oriented
- means that one is stimulated and/or learns best by
what one sees.
2. Using Different Modalities
- Text, Graphics, Photographs, Audio, Animation,
Video
SPECIAL FEATURES OF COMPUTER-BASED
PRESENTATIONS
- custom navigation between slides, to other media
to the Internet
- can be made into hard copy printouts or
transparencies
- can be uploaded to the Web
TECHNOLOGY – BASED COMMUNICATION TOOLS
1. Email - a standard form of business
communication.
2. Instant Messaging
3. Texting - the most personal form of business
communication.
4. Social Networking / Social Media - sites such as
Facebook, Instagram and myspace.
5. Tweeting - allows you to broadcast very short
messages called “tweets” to people who have
elected to follow your posts.
6. Video Conferencing
BLOGGING
- One of the effective ways of communicating and
networking.
- An indispensable medium of communication.
- Shortened form of weblogs, personal journal
websites
- A blogger is someone who blogs or writes content
for a blog.
VLOGGING
- a video blog or video log “vlog”
- Vloggers - post video content on YouTube and
other forms of Social Media.
 IMPORTANCE OF TECHNOLOGY – BASED
COMMUNICATION
• Technology improves business’ communication
and it allows business to expand more quickly.
• Technology increases efficiency.
• With technology, there are no limitations.
• Tons of new resources exist that can improve your
business.

THE IMPORTANCE OF TECHNOLOGY IN

EDUCATION

• Used to support both teaching and learning.

• Technology infuses classrooms with digital
learning tools
• Blended learning has opportunities to incorporate
both face to face and online learning.
• Instructional Technology (IT) has become an
important part of teaching and learnin.