Fire Testing Technology Limited

firetesting firetesting In this Edition
Leading global manufacturer of fire testing instrumentation

technology technology New iCone2+
Standardisation News
Global | Quality | Innovation 2020 Edition
FTT Products / Services
FTT is internationally
recognised as the
world’s leading
supplier of fire testing
instrumentation, supplying
the majority of leading
fire research groups and
Unit 19, Charlwoods Road, East Grinstead,
fire testing laboratories
West Sussex, RH19 2HL, United Kingdom.
around the world.
www.fire-testing.com
The most advanced cone calorimeter in the world

sales@fire-testing.com
T: +44 (0)1342 323600

F: +44 (0)1342 323608 FTT is a dedicated and Compact, robust and easy-to-use
PART OF JUDGES SCIENTIFIC PLC passionate team who have Fully automatic
been delivering reliable, Improved serviceability
iCone
ISO ISO
2+
9001:2015 14001:2015
robust and easy-to-use

Quality Environmental
Improved laser mounting system

Management Management
2020 Edition Print Ver 2.0 © 2020 Fire Testing Technology Ltd.
All Rights Reserved. Printed in UK in June, 2020 instruments for over 30 years. 2020
Latest generation gas analyser
Edition
Print
Ver 2.0
FTT_main catalogue 2020_PRELIMS V2_10th proof 03/06/2020 15:58 Page 2
FIRE TESTING TECHNOLOGY
Standards are the very framework

FTT instruments are built on
FTT ’s instruments feature special facilities or software modification in equipment or software to maintain
that enhance functionality and ease of use, but almost compliance. Three of these EN ISO standards;
all are built to meet national or international EN ISO 1716; EN ISO 1182 and EN ISO 119252, have
standards. Many of these standards and the recently undergone revisions and EN 13823 (Single
associated instruments are called up for use in Burning Item) is also being revised. ISO 1716 changes
national regulatory codes or Directives for many focus on corrections and some instrument changes
product applications in construction, transport or that allow modern technology to be used. ISO 1182
electrotechnical areas. It is essential that FTT updates mostly focus on the use of additional
engineers are up to date with activities in relevant thermocouples to improve the repeatability and
national and international standardisation agencies, so reproducibility. This requires a modification to the
that they can contribute to the latest developments furnace assembly; data acquisition and data
and ensure FTT ’s equipment complies with them. processing software and users are advised to contact
FTT to arrange these upgrades to achieve compliance.
Within Europe, most National regulations follow Changes in ISO 119252 require changes in the testing
European Directives that use European Standard tests, procedure but do not require modification in the
though some national regulations also allow parallel instrumentation used. A new edition of the SBI
use of national standards. European Standards (EN) standard, EN 13823, published in 2020 has a number
for transport, construction and most other of test and calibration procedure improvements
applications are produced by CEN, and those for that are readily accommodated by small changes in
electrotechnical products by CENELEC. Similar FTT software. In addition, the bidirectional probe
standards for each of these sets are developed for that was used to measure flows in the exhaust duct
wider international use by the International Standards must be replaced by a hemispherical probe to
Organisation (ISO) and the International Electro achieve compliance, so this will require upgrades in all
Technical Commission (IEC) respectively. CEN, SBI instruments.
CENELEC, ISO and IEC committees are composed of
experts representing the National Standardisation There have been considerable changes and additions
Bodies, and the standards they develop and modify
to the ISO 5660 suite of cone calorimeter standards in
are confirmed by ballots of new texts when National
recent years. For many years ISO 56601 covered heat
Standardisation bodies mirror committees vote. Often
release measurement and ISO 56602 covered smoke
the same or similar documents are published as EN,
release measurements whilst ISO 55603 dealt with
ISO and even national standards and they are dual
guidance for use of the cone calorimeter. In 2015,
numbered EN ISO standards. FTT’s senior staff
smoke measurement was also integrated into 56601
participate in all national mirror committees and most
and ISO 56602 was discontinued. ISO TR 56604 was
international and European committees, where our
published to extend the lower range of measurement
products are standardised.
of heat release so that materials with very low levels
of heat release could be reliably assessed. This was
Developments in Construction done principally by the use of lower exhaust flow rates
Product Standards and by fitting a larger cone heater model into the
Most construction product standards are developed in calorimeter to allow much bigger specimens to be
Europe by CEN 127 or in ISO by ISO TC92, and are irradiated. This facilitated the generation of larger
often dual numbered. Several key standards that are oxygen depletion signals. ISO TR 56605 was published
used throughout Europe for classification purposes in 2020 and describes the apparatus and procedures
have, or are undergoing, changes that require for testing specimens in the cone calorimeter in
2
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
reduced oxygen atmospheres so that data for code) and is entitled to make some changes to them.
modelling vitiated fire environments can be Fire Safety in these codes is based on test method
generated. standards which were developed by the SDOs and the
codes typically incorporate acceptance criteria
Developments in European Railway developed by the code committees. FTT directors
and our US agent (Marcelo Hirschler and Tim Earl)
Fire Standards
participate extensively in ASTM and other
In order to facilitate interoperability of railway rolling
standardisation organisations as well as in code
stock within Europe, railway rolling stock is to be
development at ICC and NFPA.
constructed to meet the performances specified in
several EN standards. The EN 45545 suite describes
Many fire tests used in the USA are based on the same
these requirements and EN 455452 lists all the fire
instruments and fire tests developed by ISO, albeit
performance requirements and test methods that
with different designations. In recent years there have
products must meet to be used in various rolling stock
been many developments in use of heat release test
applications. Almost all the fire tests to be used were
standards in research and in regulation, primarily with
developed by other specialist fire test committees,
regard to large scale tests. The use of ASTM E1354
but, as it was judged that there were no adequate
(US version of ISO 56601) is increasing for product
international test methods for “Fire Tests for Seating”
development and research and is also included for
and for “Determination of Toxic Gases”, new testing
some building contents, and ASTM E2965 (similar to
methods were included as Normative Annexes in
ISO 56604) has recently been adopted in some codes.
EN 455452. These 2 Annexes have recently been
Construction product regulations still use the ASTM
extensively revised and published as full standards
E84 Steiner tunnel but there is an increasing use of
and EN 455452 revised accordingly. These new
large scale heat release tests. This includes a room
standards are EN 16989 “Fire Behaviour Test for a
corner test (NFPA 286, for many construction
Complete Seat” and EN 17084 “Toxicity Tests for
products, including insulation), and tests based on
Materials and Components”.
individual product calorimetry (NFPA 289),
combustible vegetation (such as Christmas trees;
Codes and Standards in the USA ASTM E3082), decorative materials, and stage
In the USA, standards are produced by several private displays. The most recent largescale heat release test
standardisation organisations (SDOs) including ASTM, (UL 9540A) is a test for evaluating fire propagation
NFPA and UL. Model codes are developed by ICC and from battery energy storage systems. FTT makes,
NFPA. Each state can adopt a model code for any installs and supports almost all of these apparatuses.
application (such as a building code or an electrical SEAN GREGORY (Managing Director)
Sean Gregory has a degree in Chemistry and Energy Studies, Ph.D in Fire
Safety Science and an MBA.
On completion of his Ph.D, he joined FTT , becoming its Sales Director in 2005
and its Managing Director in 2009. His Ph.D focused on fire calorimeter
instrumentation and modelling which is the core technology upon which
much of FTT ’s business is based. He has continued instrument design and
applied research studies in this area since joining FTT much of which has
been done collaboratively with industry groups and leading European fire
research institutes and works extensively in national, European and
international standardisation committees dealing with fire safety.
Sean is also Managing Director of Aitchee Engineering and Sircal Instruments.
SEAN GREGORY
iCone2+ – incorporating all of

the best features of our cone
calorimeter range
The iCone2+ is the latest development in FTT ’s iCone range. It offers cutting
edge PCB based technology in a modular and robust build. Remote
communication, cone operation and diagnostic facilities give FTT the
capability to efficiently respond, diagnose problems and service
installations in all corners of the world.
It is the most advanced, reliable and userfriendly cone calorimeter in

the world!
• Online support and remote diagnostics add control of instruments from

FTT for quick and effortless support
• Design based on cutting edge surface mounted PCB technology
• PCB modular design facilitates improved serviceability and reliability
• Improved laser mounting system for easier setup and calibration and
elimination of thermal drift
• Robust engineering for improved life expectancy of the instrument
• Latest generation gas analysers built with PCB and touchscreen
technology
• Remote cone heater assembly positioning control, so that heater
specimen surface separation can be adjusted pre and midtest, to
facilitate testing of intumescing or thermally distorting specimens
• Programmable heat flux exposure regimes. Up to 10 consecutive heat
flux ramping or holding phases can be programmed
• Motorised heat shield to protect specimen from heat exposure before
test
• 5.5" colour touchscreen test control panel, adjacent to specimen,
supplements principal computer control
• Automatic calibration by ConeCalc Software
FTT Calorimeter Analyser

• Latest generation of gas analyser
• Touchscreen technology
• State of art surface mount PCB technology
• Increased sensitivity
4
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Turn to page 61 for full product description and specifications >
5
About us
Established in 1989 by instrumentation engineer products and transport applications for instruments
Stephen Upton and fire scientist Stephen Grayson, such as the Cone Calorimeter, NBS Smoke Density
Fire Testing Technology Limited (FTT ) was the first Chamber, and the new FAA MicroCalorimeter etc.
company in the world to specialise in the
manufacture, supply and maintenance of reaction to FTT is pleased to offer its clients a full professional
fire testing instrumentation. service, commencing with an informed discussion of
requirements, followed by the assembly of individual
Today, FTT is internationally recognised as the world’s instruments, manufactured to order in our own
leading supplier of fire testing instrumentation and production facility. All software is written and
has supplied the majority of leading fire research updated by FTT engineers and can be customised to
groups and testing laboratories around the world. Our meet a specific client brief. FTT ’s engineers will take
directors and senior researchers participate in UK, ISO, care of the complete installation of fire testing
CEN and ASTM standardisation committees to ensure equipment at the client site, with training and
that our instruments are always compliant. These support offered to instrument users where required,
include: committees dealing with construction as part of our comprehensive postsales service.
products, electro technical products, furnishing
Our Cone Calorimeters have

Calorimeters world-wide presence
have a world-wide presence
F T T has manuf
FTT supplied 46 countries
actured and supplied
manufactured globally in the last
countries globally years
last 30 years
retes
fiire g
sting
esting
teechnology
ology
chnol
6
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
New and existing fire testing instrumentation users

are welcome to visit us at our UK facility in East
Grinstead – close to London Gatwick Airport, for
onsite demonstrations and training. Our engineers
are also able to advise on the most suitable layout of
a fire testing laboratory, including detailed
specifications for instrument location, energy and
extraction requirements.
Through our worldwide network of agents,

FTT provides support to clients, be they test houses,
universities or product manufacturers, wherever they
are in the world. Tailored to your requirements and
financial budget, FTT will provide a full, value for
money service, and an expert partnership, that’s with
you at every stage of the process.
To further demonstrate our commitment to

continually improve our systems and procedures
within the business, FTT has been awarded ISO
9001:2015 and ISO 14001:2015 certification by UKAS
through the British Standards Institute (BSI). This
achievement endorses our ability to meet the highest
standards possible, in the delivery of both our
products and services.
If you have any suggestions on how we can

improve our services, please contact us at:
feedback@firetesting.com
ISO
9001:2015
Accreditation and Compliance Services
Quality
Management FTT provides full lab design, training and consultation on getting labs
accredited. You can count on FTT to deliver seamless compliance
ISO solutions that minimise your regulatory risk and harmonise your
14001:2015 compliance program across your entire lab or enterprise – even covering
Environmental
Management
other manufacturers’ instruments.
7
Global instrument service

and support
Rely on FTT to service, calibrate and defined in appropriate International Our software solutions can make
maximise instrument efficiency and National standards relating to your existing instruments more
whilst you focus on what you do your instruments. FTT offers the efficient by providing data
best, knowing every working day three service programs summarised acquisition, data analysis and
that you can count on the efficiency in the table below, so that you can report writing facilities.
and reliability of your instruments. readily identify the one that fits
FTT ’s experienced service and your needs and budget.
support team can help you through
Gold, Silver or Bronze service Option Bronze Silver Gold
programs. Each program is Telephone & email support Yes Yes Yes
designed for customers with Onsite visits 1 2 2
different requirements but are all
Discount on spares and additional labour days 5% 10% 15%
focussed to maximise the
Discount on calibrations 5% 10% N/A
performance of your instruments,
minimise downtime, and optimise Software updatea Yes Yes Yes
your laboratory productivity. Software upgradesb No No Yes
Rotational calibrationc No No Yes

Regularly servicing your
a Software updates are issues under the same major release number (for example 3.2 to 3.3)
instruments will ensure continued b Software upgrades are issues between major release number (for example 3.2 to 4.0)
performance to the specifications c Replacement calibrated transducers will be provided annually
Technical support at work for you

Have you a hardware, software, application,
instrument repair or troubleshooting question?
FTT ’s fire scientists and technical experts are

available to answer your questions. With years of
fire testing experience, our technical support
specialists can provide advice based on indepth
knowledge and experience.
For questions pertaining to supplies found in this

catalogue, contact our authorised distributor or
email us on sales@firetesting.com
8
FTT_main catalogue 2020_PRELIMS V2 DIGITAL_1st proof 08/07/2020 15:17 Page 9
EU Construction
Products
EU Electric Cables
Tab Guide
To help you navigate our catalogue, FTT has added colour coded tabs to EU Railway
pages. These tabs will help you navigate to the product/standard you
are looking for, based on their industry sector and fire test parameter.
EU Roofing
US Transportation
Plastics
Aviation
Heat Release
This is a digital version of the full catalogue. There are hyperlinks

available to help you navigate the pages. If you click the arrow in the
document icon on the colour tabs to the right of this page, you will Smoke Production
be taken to the first page of each section. On the contents pages
(10 and 11), if you click any line you will be taken to the first page of
the relevant product.
Flame Spread
To return to the contents pages you can click the tabs on the right
hand margin and you will be linked back to the contents.
Ignitability
© 2020 Fire Testing Technology Limited.
All Rights Reserved. Due to FTT’s commitment to continuous
development, technical specifications/products can change without Combustion Gas
prior notice. We reserve the rights to amend these specifications
Analysis/Toxicity
without any prior notice.
Fire Resistance
Contents
Instrument Listing by Industry Sectors

European CPR: Wall, Ceiling, Flooring and Linear Pipe Thermal Insulation Products ............................................... 13
European Fire Testing Classification for Construction Products ............................................................................... 15
European CPR: Electric Cables................................................................................................................................... 25
European Cable Testing and Classification ............................................................................................................... 27
European Railway...................................................................................................................................................... 33
Fire Classifications and Fire Test Methods for the European Railway Industry ........................................................ 35
European Roofing Products....................................................................................................................................... 53
US Transportation ..................................................................................................................................................... 55
Plastics....................................................................................................................................................................... 57
Aviation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 59
Instrument Listing by Fire Test Parameters

Heat Release
iCone2+ Calorimeter (ISO 5660; ASTM E1354) .......................................................................................................... 61
FTT Single Burning Item (SBI) (EN 13823) ................................................................................................................. 75
Common test methods for cables under fire conditions (EN 50399; IEC 603323) .................................................. 81
Large Scale Oxygen Consumption Calorimetry (ISO 9705; ISO 24473; EN 14390; ASTM D5424; ASTM D5537;
ASTM E603; ASTM E1537; ASTM E1590; ASTM E1822; NFPA 265; UL 1685; UL 9540a; NT FIRE 25;
NT FIRE 32) ........................................................................................................................................................... 91
OSU Rate of Heat Release Apparatus (FAR 25.853 (a1); ASTM E906) ..................................................................... 97
Fire Propagation Apparatus (ASTM E2058; FM 4910; ISO 12136) .......................................................................... 101
Smoke Production
NBS Smoke Density Chamber (ASTM E662; BS 6401; NFPA 258) ............................................................................ 105
The 3 Metre Cube (IEC 61034; BS 6853; BS 6724; BS 7622) ................................................................................... 109
Density of Smoke from the Burning or Decomposition of Plastics (ASTM D2843) ................................................. 113
Smoke Density Photometric System (DIN 50055) .................................................................................................. 119
Flame Spread
Vertical Flame Propagation for a Single Insulated Wire or Cable Test (IEC 603321) .............................................. 121
LIFT, IMO Spread of Flame Apparatus (ISO 56582/IMO/LIFT Spread of Flame Apparatus/
ISO 56582; IMO FTP Part 5; ASTM E1317; ASTM E1321) .................................................................................. 125
Flooring Radiant Panel (EN ISO 92391) ................................................................................................................. 129
Radiant Panel Flame Spread Apparatus (ASTM E162; ASTM D3675) ..................................................................... 133
10
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Thermal/Acoustic Insulation Flame Propagation Apparatus (FAR Part 25 Appendix F Part VI;
Airbus AITM 2.0053; Boeing BSS 7365) .............................................................................................................. 139
Roofing Tests for European Roofing Products ......................................................................................................... 141
Ignitability
Mass Loss Calorimeter (EN ISO 13927; EN ISO 17554) ........................................................................................... 147
FAA Micro Calorimeter (ASTM D7309) ................................................................................................................... 151
Large Scale Mattress Fire Test (CA TB 603; 16 CFR Part 1633) ................................................................................ 155
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter (EN ISO 1716; ISO 1928; ASTM D240; ASTM D4809; ASTM D5468;
ASTM D5865; ASTM E711) ................................................................................................................................. 157
The Single Flame Source Test (EN ISO 119252) ..................................................................................................... 161
NonCombustibility Apparatus (EN ISO 1182; ASTM E2652; IMO FTPC Part 1) ...................................................... 165
Oxygen Index (ISO 45892; ASTM D2863) ............................................................................................................... 169
Elevated Temperature Oxygen Index (ISO 45893).................................................................................................. 169
UL 94 Chamber........................................................................................................................................................ 173
Vertical/Horizontal Wire Flame Test (UL 1581) ....................................................................................................... 177
Ignitability Apparatus (ISO 5657, BS 476 Part 13) .................................................................................................. 181
The Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 302 (FMVSS 302; ISO 3795) ........................................................ 185
Federal Aviation Regulation Bunsen Burner Test Apparatus .................................................................................. 189
Combustion Gas Analysis/Toxicity/Corrosivity

FTIR: an Advanced FTIR for Toxic Gas Analysis (ISO 19702; EN 455452; IMO)....................................................... 191
Toxicity Test Attachment for NBS Smoke Density Chamber (ABD0031) ................................................................. 201
Test on Gases Evolved During Combustion of Electric Cables (IEC 60754 Part 1 and Part 2) .................................. 203
Naval Engineering Standard (NES 713) ................................................................................................................... 205
Cone Corrosimeter (ASTM D5485; ISO 119074) ................................................................................................... 209
Combustion Toxicity Test Apparatus (ASTM E1678; NFPA 269) .............................................................................. 211
Fire Resistance
Circuit Integrity Under Fire Conditions Apparatus (BS 6387; IEC 60331; EN 50200) .............................................. 215
Fire Resistance Test Furnaces ................................................................................................................................. 219
11
FTT_main catalogue 2020_PRELIMS_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:34 Page 12
12
EU Construction
Products
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
European CPR: Wall, ceiling,

flooring and linear pipe thermal
insulation products
The EU Construction Products Regulation classification using the test methods and establish or upgrade their own regulations
(CPR) is the basis of construction products systems described in EN 13501. EN 13501 without spending extensive research and
regulations to be used in all member states. was revised in 2007 to include classification development budgets and by producers
requirements for linear thermal insulation wanting to export products to Europe.
This Regulation requires construction products and a separate part EN 135016 is
products to be classified using the new set being published to define the electric cable FTT engineers have worked with CEN in the
of fire test methods. These products include fire performance classifications development of these test methods and
all wall lining, flooring, roofing and other requirements. supply all equipment required for assessing
fixed products such as linear pipe thermal the reaction to fire performance of
insulation products and electric cables. These test methods, and in some cases the construction products which include:
classification system, are now being used
The CPR requires that all member states extensively beyond the European Union.
modify their regulations to allow Both being used by countries wanting to
Test Method
EN 13823: Reaction to fire tests for building products, excluding floorings exposed to thermal attack by a single burning item
EN ISO 1716: Reaction to fire tests for building products – Determination of the heat of combustion
EN ISO 1182: Reaction to fire tests for building products – Non combustibility test
EN ISO 11925: Reaction to fire tests for building products – Ignitability of building products subjected to direct impingement of flame
EN ISO 9239: Reaction to fire tests for building products – Horizontal surface spread of flame for floor coverings
13
14
FTT_New European Fire Testing Classification for Construction Products_2nd proof 26/05/2020 16:23 Page 15
EU Construction
Products
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
European Fire Testing

Classification for
Construction Products
15
FTT_European Fire Testing Classification for Construction Products_3rd proof 19/06/2020 10:10 Page 16
EU Construction the National fire test methods of Each member state is now able to
each member state. e.g. British continue to classify the products
Products Regulation
building regulations require using the traditional methods
The EU Construction Products classification using test methods alongside the new methods during
Regulation (CPR), is the basis of described in the BS 476 test series. a transition period. The traditional
construction products regulations route will probably be unattractive
to be used in all member states. The CPR requires that all member to most suppliers, as the
This Regulation will require that all states modify their regulations to classification supported by
construction products be incorporate the classification traditional national tests will only
reclassified using the new set of systems described in EN 13501 and be applicable in the host country,
common test methods. These using the test methods quoted whilst those gained to the new test
products include all wall lining, therein. methods will be valid across all
flooring and other fixed products member states and the European
such as linear pipe thermal EN 13501 was revised in 2007 to Economic Area (EEA).
insulation products and electric include classification requirements
cables. for linear thermal insulation These test methods and in some
product and is, in 2010, being cases the classification system, are
Construction products are currently further revised to incorporate the now been used extensively beyond
controlled in National Building electric cable fire performance the European Union both by
Regulations that typically used classifications requirements. countries and producers wanting to
classifications often derived using trade these products with Europe
and by countries wanting to
establish or upgrade their own
regulations without spending
extensive research and
development budgets.
FTT engineers have worked with

CEN in the development of these
test methods and supply all
equipment required for assessing
the reaction to fire performance of
construction products.
How are Construction

Products classified?
The classification criteria and test
methods used to assess the
reaction to fire performance of
products covered by the CPR are
described in EN 135011: Fire
classification of construction
products and building elements –
Part 1: Classification using data
from reaction to fire tests.
The Standard splits the products

into 3 sets:
16
EU Construction
Products
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
These are: Table 1 (on page 18) shows the test The fire tests are listed below and
• Construction product excluding methods and performance criteria most are used to assess products
flooring products for all construction products other in all sets whilst others are just
• Flooring products than flooring products. Table 2 used for one product set.
• Linear pipes thermal Insulation (on page 19) shows the test EN 13823: Reaction to fire tests for
products methods and performance criteria building products excluding
for flooring products and Table 3 floorings exposed to thermal attack
Please note that electric cables (on page 20) shows the test by a single burning item.
have their own classification system methods and performance criteria
EN ISO 92391: Reaction to fire
which is given in EN 135016 – see for linear pipe insulation products.
tests for building products –
the European Cable Testing and
Horizontal surface spread of flame
Classification section. Products in class A1 are mostly
for floor coverings.
based on nonorganic materials
Each of these sets has 5 and classification into this group EN ISO 119252: Reaction to fire
classification levels A1,A2, B, C, D is gained using EN ISO 1716 tests for building products –
and E and a nonperformance Determination of the heat of Ignitability of building products
determined class “F” and the combustion and the EN ISO 1182 subjected to direct impingement of
performance criteria and the fire Non combustibility test. flame.
test methods to be used in assessing
the performance are described in 3 Classification into classes A2, B, C EN ISO 1716: Reaction to fire tests
tables (one for each set). and D which are the major classes for building products –
inhabited by most products, other Determination of the heat of
Products in the nonflooring set are than those described above, combustion.
tested using the SBI test plus all require testing using either the EN ISO 1182: Reaction to fire tests
other test methods except the EN 13823 or EN ISO 92391, and for building products – Non
EN ISO 92391. Flooring products EN ISO 119252; Class E only combustibility test.
are tested using the EN ISO 92391 requires testing to EN ISO 119252.
instead of the SBI (EN 13823).
17
Table 1 – Classes of Reaction to Fire Performance for Construction Products Excluding Floorings
CLASS TEST METHODS CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA ADDITIONAL CLASSIFICATION

(1)
A1 EN ISO 1182 ΔT ≤ 30°C; and Δm ≤ 50%; and –
and tf = 0 (i.e. no sustained flaming)
EN ISO 1716 PCS ≤ 2.0 MJ/kg(1) and –

PCS ≤ 2.0 MJ/kg(2) (2a) and
PCS ≤ 1.4 MJ/m2 (3) and
PCS ≤ 2.0 MJ/kg(4)
A2 EN ISO 1182(1) ΔT ≤ 50°C; and Δm ≤ 50%; –

or and tf ≤ 20s

PCS ≤ 2.0 MJ/kg(2) (2a) and
PCS ≤ 1.4 MJ/m2 (3) and
and PCS ≤ 2.0 MJ/kg(4)
EN 13823 FIGRA ≤120W/s; and LFS < edge of Smoke production(5) and
specimen; and THR600s ≤ 7.5 MJ Flaming droplets/particles(6)
B EN 13823 FIGRA ≤120W/s; and LFS < edge of Smoke production(5) and
and specimen; and THR600s ≤ 7.5 MJ Flaming droplets/particles(6)
EN ISO 119252(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 60s

Exposure = 30s
C EN 13823 FIGRA ≤ 120W/s; and LFS < edge of Smoke production(5) and
and specimen; and THR600s ≤ 15 MJ Flaming droplets/particles(6)

Exposure = 30s
D EN 13823 FIGRA ≤ 750W/s Smoke production(5) and

and Flaming droplets/particles(6)

Exposure = 30s
E EN ISO 119252(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s Flaming droplets/particles(7)

Exposure = 15s
F No performance determined
(1) For homogenous products and substantial components of nonhomogenous products.

(2) For any external nonsubstantial component of nonhomogenous products
(2a) Alternatively. Any external nonsubstantial component having a PCS ≤ 2.0 MJ/m³, provided that the product satisfies the following criteria of EN 13823: FIGRA ≤ 20W/s, and LFS < edge of specimen and
THR600s ≤ 4.0 MJ and s1 and d0
(3) For any internal nonsubstantial component of nonhomogenous products
(4) For the product as a whole
(5) In the last phase of the development of the test procedure, modifications of the smoke measurement system have been introduced,the effect of which needs further investigation. This may result in a
modification of the limit values and/or parameters for the evaluation of the smoke production.
s1 = SMOGRA ≤ 30m²/s² and TSP600s ≤ 50m²; s2 = SMOGRA ≤ 180m²/s² and TSP600s ≤ 200m²; s3 = not s1 or s2
(6) d0 = No flaming droplets/particles in EN 13823 (SBI) within 600s;
d1 = No flaming droplets/particles persisting longer than 10s in EN 13823 (SBI) within 600s;
d2 = not d0 or d1;
Ignition of the paper in EN ISO 119252 results in a d2 classification
(7) Pass = no ignition of the paper (no classification); Fail = ignition of the paper (d2 classification)
(8) Under conditions of surface flame attack and, if appropriate to the end–use application of the product, edge flame attack.
18
FTT_New European Fire Testing Classification for Construction Products_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:36 Page 19
EU Construction
Products
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Table 2 – Classes of Reaction to Fire Performance for Floorings

(1)
A1fl EN ISO 1182 ΔT ≤ 30°C; and Δm ≤ 50%; and –

PCS ≤ 2.0 MJ/kg(2) and
PCS ≤ 1.4 MJ/m2 (3) and
PCS ≤ 2.0 MJ/kg(4)
A2fl EN ISO 1182(1) ΔT ≤ 50°C; and Δm ≤ 50%; –

or and tf ≤ 20s

PCS ≤ 4.0 MJ/m2 (2) and
PCS ≤ 4.0 MJ/m2 (3) and
EN ISO 92391(5) Critical flux(6) 8.0 kW/m2 Smoke production(7)
Bfl EN ISO 92391(5) Critical flux(6) 8.0 kW/m2 Smoke production(7)

and

Exposure = 15s
Cfl EN ISO 92391(5) Critical flux(6) 4.5 kW/m2 Smoke production(7)

and

Exposure = 15s
Dfl EN ISO 92391(5) Critical flux(6) 3.0 kW/m2 Smoke production(7)

and

Exposure = 30s
Efl EN ISO 119252(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s

Exposure = 15s
Ffl No performance determined
(1) For homogeneous products and substantial components of nonhomogeneous products

(2) For any external nonsubstantial component of nonhomogeneous products
(3) For any internal nonsubstantial component of nonhomogeneous products
(5) Test duration = 30 minutes
(6) Critical flux is defined as the radiant flux at which the flame extinguishes or the radiant flux after a test period of 30 minutes, whichever is lower (i.e. the flux corresponding with the furthest extent of
spread of flame).
(7) s1 = Smoke ≤ 750%.min;
s2 = not s1
(8) Under conditions of surface flame attack and, if appropriate to the end use application of the product, edge flame attack.
19
Table 3 – Classes of Reaction to Fire Performance for Linear Pipe Thermal Insulation Products

(1)
A1L EN ISO 1182 ΔT ≤ 30°C; and Δm ≤ 50%; and –

PCS ≤ 2.0 MJ/kg(2) and
PCS ≤ 1.4 MJ/m2 (3) and
PCS ≤ 2.0 MJ/kg(4)
A2L EN ISO 1182(1) ΔT ≤ 50°C; and Δm ≤ 50%; –

or and tf ≤ 20s

PCS ≤ 4.0 MJ/m2 (2) and
PCS ≤ 4.0 MJ/m2 (3) and
EN ISO 92391(5) Critical flux(6) 8.0 kW/m2 Smoke production(7)
BL EN 13823 FIGRA ≤ 270W/s and LFS < edge of Smoke production(5) and
and specimen and THR600s ≤ 7.5 MJ Flaming droplets/particles(6)

Exposure = 30s
CL EN 13823 FIGRA ≤ 460W/s and LFS < edge of Smoke production(5) and
and specimen and THR600s ≤ 15 MJ Flaming droplets/particles(6)

Exposure = 15s
DL EN 13823 FIGRA ≤ 2100W/s Smoke production(5) and

and THR600s ≤ 100 MJ Flaming droplets/particles(6)

Exposure = 30s
EL EN ISO 119252(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s Flaming droplets/particles(6)

Exposure = 15s
FL No performance determined
(1) For homogeneous products and substantial components of nonhomogeneous products

(2) For any external nonsubstantial component of nonhomogeneous products.
(3) For any internal nonsubstantial component of nonhomogeneous products.
(5) s1 = SMOGRA ≤ 105 m2/s2 and TSP600s ≤ 250 m2 ; s2 = SMOGRA ≤ 580 m2/s2 and TSP600s ≤ 1600 m2;
s3 = not s1 or s2
(6) d0 = No flaming droplets/particles in EN 13823 within 600 s;
d1 = No flaming droplets/particles persisting longer than 10 s in EN 13823 within 600 s;
d2 = not d0 or d1.
Ignition of the paper in EN ISO 119252 results in a d2 classification.
(7) Pass = no ignition of the paper (no classification);
Fail = ignition of the paper (d2 classification).
(8) Under conditions of surface flame attack and, if appropriate to the end–use application of the product, edge flame.
20
EU Construction
Products
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Single Burning Item

EN 13823: Reaction to fire tests for
building products excluding
floorings exposed to thermal attack
by a single burning item, the SBI.
The specimen is mounted on a

trolley that is positioned in a frame
beneath an exhaust system. The
reaction of the specimen to the
burner is monitored instrumentally
and visually. Heat and smoke
release rates are calculated and
physical characteristics are assessed
by observation. The parameters
that are quantified in this test and
used within the classification
criteria are; Total Heat Release
(THR), Fire Growth Rate Index
(FIGRA) and Smoke Growth Rate
index (SMOGRA).
FTT supplies, installs, and trains

clients in the use of this apparatus. The main components of the FTT • Smoke Measurement System.
FTT can also supply any of the SBI are: • Burner, Gas Train and Controls.
components to clients wishing to • The Test Apparatus. • Data Acquisition and Analysis
part design and build their own • Gas Analysis Instrumentation for Software.
equipment. Heat Release Measurement.
SingleFlame Source Test

EN ISO 119252: Reaction to fire system incorporating the following • A fully adjustable specimen
tests for building products – features: support frame
Ignitability of building products • Combustion chamber with large • A digital anemometer/
subjected to direct impingement front and side doors for easy thermometer and a stopwatch
of flame. access and toughened viewing
panels
This ignitability method is based • An extensively adjustable
on the Kleinbrenner method burner assembly
and determines the ignitability • Specimen holder capable of
of building products in the housing the specimens up to
vertical orientation when and including 60mm thick
subjected to impingement of a
standard small flame. This test
is relevant to classes B, C, D, E and
Bfl, Cfl, Dfl, Efl.
The FTT Ignitability Apparatus is

supplied as a complete, easytouse
21
Flooring Radiant Panel

EN ISO 92391: Reaction to fire tests for building
products –Horizontal surface spread of flame for floor
coverings.
This test method evaluates the critical radiant flux below

which flames no longer spread over the horizontal
surface of a specimen.
A smoke measuring system based on DIN 50055 is

mounted on a separate frame in the exhaust stack and is
used to measure smoke generated in the test.
The test is relevant to A2fl, Bfl, Cfl, and Dfl.
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

EN ISO 1716: Reaction to fire tests graphics display, high accuracy /
for building products – resolution PRTs, RS232 interface
Determination of the heat of port for printer
combustion. • Oxygen bomb and bucket
(calorimeter vessel)
This instrument determines the • Thermostatically controlled
potential maximum total heat bath, circulator, cooler, pipette
release of a product when (2L)
completely burning regardless of its • EN ISO 1716 sample preparation
end use. The test is relevant to device, firing wire and cotton,
classes A1, A2, A1fl, A2fl, A1L and cigarette making device
A2L. The test specimen of a known • Printer (optional)
mass is burned under standardised
conditions, at constant volume in
an atmosphere of oxygen, in the
bomb calorimeter which is
calibrated by combustion of
benzoic acid. The calorific value
determined under these conditions
is calculated on the basis of the
measured temperature rise while
taking account of heat losses.
The Oxygen Bomb calorimeter

consists of:
• Bomb calorimeter with
embedded computer control,
userfriendly interface, LCD
22
EU Construction
Products
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
NonCombustibility
Apparatus
EN ISO 1182: Reaction to fire tests
for building products – Non
combustibility test.
This apparatus determines the non

combustibility performance, under
specific conditions, of homogenous
products and substantial
components of non homogeneous
building products.
The specimen is subjected to

temperatures of 750°C in a vertical
tube furnace. The specimen is
observed for sustained flaming and
temperature rises and furnace
thermocouples are used to assess
combustibility. The test is relevant
to classes A1, A2, A1fl, A2fl, A1L and
A2L.
The FTT noncombustibility

apparatus is supplied with:
• Special tube furnace
• Instrument unit which features
a temperature controller, an
overtemperature alarm and a
power controller, which control
the furnace temperature at
750°C
• ‘NonComb’ Microsoft Windows
analysis software
23
24
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
European CPR: Electric cables
EU Electric
Cables
The fire performance of electric cables will Regulation (CPR) changes this situation. EN 135011 “Fire classification of
be uniformly regulated within the European Once implemented all electric cables used construction products and building
Union. in member states will be tested using the elements” to include electric cable
same test methods and classified using the requirements. EN 135016 shows the test
Traditionally these products have not been same classification system. methods and performance criteria that
addressed in national building regulations must be met in order for a cable to meet a
and classifications had been voluntary or Cables are tested using five test methods, particular classification (Aca, B1ca, B2ca, Cca,
required by larger purchasing agencies. and classified by the provisions of Dca and Eca). The five test methods used are:
The inclusion of electric cables within the EN 135016 which is a parallel standard in
European Union’s Construction Products the existing CPR classification standard
Test Method
Reaction to fire tests for building products (EN ISO 1716)

This test determines the heat of combustion of a cable when it is burned under standardised conditions. The test is relevant for the class Aca.
Burning behaviour of bunched cable (EN 50399) 30 kW flame source

This test evaluates the potential contribution of a cable to the early stages of development of a fire, under direct exposure to a 30 kW flame source.
The test is relevant for the class B1ca.
Burning behaviour of bunched cable (EN 50399) 20.5 kW flame source

This test evaluates the potential contribution of a cable to the early stages of development of a fire, under direct exposure to a 20.5 kW flame source.
The test is relevant for the classes B2ca, Cca and Dca.
Test for vertical flame propagation for a single insulated wire or cable (EN 6033212) 1 kW premixed flame
This test evaluates the flame spread of a cable under exposure to a small flame. This test is relevant for the classes B1ca, B2ca, Cca, Dca and Eca.
Smoke production of burning cable (EN 61034)

This test evaluates the potential contribution of a cable to obscuration of vision when burning under static air flow conditions. The test is relevant for the
classes B1ca, B2ca, Cca and Dca, in association with the Additional Classification s1.
Acidity levels produced by burning cables (EN 5026723)

This test evaluates the acidity of evolved gases. The test is relevant for the classes B1ca, B2ca, Cca and Dca.
25
26
FFT_European Cable Testing and Classification 2020_3rd proof 18/06/2020 16:47 Page 27
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
European Cable
EU Electric
Cables
Testing and
Classification
27
The fire performance of Cables will be tested using 5 test the test procedure used is quite
electric cables is now to be methods, and classified by robust and well developed. The test
extending the provisions in the results are validated for real fires by
uniformly regulated within existing CPR classification standard using reference scenarios in the
the European Union. EN 13501 “Fire classification of FIPEC project and through further
Traditionally these products construction products and building analysis and comparisons to other
have not been addressed in elements” to include “Part 6: building products under the CPR.
national building Classification using data from
reaction to fire tests on electric The reactiontofire classification
regulations and cables”. The establishment of these system used in the CPR was
classifications had been standards has been mandated to developed in cooperation with
voluntary or required by CEN and CENELEC by the EU and European regulators and the cable
larger purchasing agencies. CENELEC have drafted the industry in Europe and presented
The inclusion of Electric modifications to EN 13501 in line in 2003.
with the requirements of the
cables within the European European commission decision and The European Commission decided
Union’s Construction this is currently being progressed on a testing and classification
Products Regulations (CPR) within CEN. system on cables during 2006.
changes this situation. Once The system is built in the same way
implemented all electric Of these standard tests the new as that used for linings and pipe
standard EN 50399 is the major test insulation. However, it also
cables used in European procedure for reaction to fire of included the possibility to declare
Union countries will be cables, this test specification derives optional acidity of the smoke gases,
tested using the same test from work done in an EU funded the subclasses a1, a2 and a3.
methods and classified project called FIPEC, Fire
using the same Performance of Electric Cables. This Both EN 50399 and the
work was performed by a research modifications to EN 13501 were
classification system. group consisting of SP, Interscience, developed in CENELEC TC20 WG10.
ISSEP and CESI. The FIPEC project The latter is now working on the
included a study of cable installations proposals for Extended Applications
and relevant reference scenarios as for assessment of cable family fire
well as a comprehensive test performance that will enable
program of different kinds of cables. representative cables to be used to
This, together with subsequent qualify cable groups.
Industry test data, was used in the
development of the proposal for the The Extended Application rules
European testing and classification were developed in the CEMAC
system. project which was financed by the
European Cable Industry in close
Two round robin exercises have cooperation with a group of
been carried out on EN 50399. The research laboratories, consisting of
first was performed by the SP, Interscience, ISSEP, LSF and VDE.
developers of the system, the FIPEC The project was led by Europacable
laboratories. The second round and the RTD contributions were led
robin was performed through by SPFire Technology. During both
CENELEC and included many test the FIPEC and CEMAC projects FTT
sites. The results were good and fire scientists were seconded to
EN 50399 Burning behaviour comparable to the results of the SBI Interscience to oversee calibration,
of bunched cable test used for linings in Europe. Thus test, data acquisition and analysis.
28
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
We also worked with Interscience in additional classification for

CENELEC on the standard. smoke.
EU Electric
• Acidity levels produced by
Cables
How are cables burning cables (EN 5026723):
This test evaluates the potential
classified?
contribution of burning cable
EN 13501 shows the test methods
materials to the hazardous
and performance criteria (see Table
properties of evolved gases.
1) that must be met in order for a
The test is relevant for the
cable to meet a particular
classes B1ca, B2ca, Cca and Dca, in
classification (Aca, B1ca, B2ca, Cca, Dca
association with the additional
and Eca.)
classification for acidity.
• Heat of combustion test
The 5 test methods used are:
(EN ISO 1716):
• Burning behaviour of bunched This test determines the
cables – 20.5 kW flame source
potential maximum total heat
(EN 50399):
release of a product when
This test evaluates the potential
completely burning, regardless
contribution of a cable to the
of its end use. The test is
early stages of development of a Duct section placed in EN 50399 exhaust
relevant for the class Aca.
fire, under direct exposure to a
20.5 kW flame source. The test
is relevant for the classes B2ca,
EN 50399 Burning
Cca and Dca. behaviour of bunched
• Burning behaviour of bunched cables
cables – 30 kW flame source The EN 50399 was based on
(EN 50399): IEC 603323 with the addition of
This test evaluates the potential heat release measurement and a
contribution of a cable to the modified air inlet system. This is
early stages of development of a accomplished by fitting a small
fire, under direct exposure to a instrumented section of ducting
30 kW flame source. The test is into the exhaust system of the rig
relevant for the class B1ca. and using this with associated FTT
• Burning behaviour of single gas analysis instrumentation and
cables (EN 6033212): software. The duct section houses
This test evaluates the flame all gas sampling probes,
spread of a cable under temperature and mass flow probes
exposure to a small flame. The and has ports for the smoke
test is relevant for the classes measuring system.
B1ca, B2ca, Cca, Dca and Eca.
• Smoke production of burning The gas analysis instrumentation is EN 50399 Cable Test Interior detail
cables (EN 61034): housed in a 19" instrument rack
This test evaluates the potential containing:
contribution of a cable to • Oxygen Analyser (paramagnetic)
obscuration of visionwhen supplied with temperature and
burning under static air flow pressure compensation for
conditions. The test is relevant primary heat release
for the classes B1ca, B2ca, Cca and measurement.
Dca, in association with the
29
• Carbon Dioxide Analyser advanced noise reduction

EN 61034 Common test
(infrared) for use in heat release specification. The white light
methods for cables
measurement. system is similar to that used in
• Dual stage soot filter, refrigerant under fire conditions:
the SBI test and constructed to
cold trap, drying column, pump DIN 50055. Measurement of smoke
and waste regulators for density of cables
conditioning the sample gases EN 6033212 Tests on burning under defined
prior to analysis.
electric and optical fibre conditions
• Controls for the smoke
measurement system (if
cables under fire The 3 Metre Cube is used for
purchased). conditions measuring smoke emission when
electric cables are burned under
• Data logger (if purchased). Part 12: Test for vertical flame
Clients already owning the FTT propagation for a single insulated defined conditions, for example, a
Dual Cone Calorimeter, ISO 9705 wire or cable: Procedure for 1 kW few cables burned horizontally.
Room Corner test or SBI can use premixed flame These units are produced to meet
their instrumentation to This part of EN 60332 specifies the specification used in many
measure heat release rate from the procedure for testing the electric cable tests. The unit can be
their cable test. Conversely the resistance to vertical flame supplied in a selfassembly kit form
EN 50399 Gas Analysis rack can propagation for a single vertical or can be fully installed by FTT
be used to instrument other electrical insulated conductor or engineers.
calorimeters (e.g. FTT Dual Cone cable, or optical fibre cable, under
Calorimeter etc.). fire conditions. EN 6033212 The equipment comprises of:
• FTT offers two smoke specifies the use of a 1 kW pre • 3 Metre Cube assembly
measurement systems, laser or mixed flame and the test evaluates • Photometric system, stands,
white light. The laser system is the flame spread of a cable under fans and sample mounting
similar to that used in the cone exposure to a small flame. The test frames
calorimeter and complies with is relevant for the classes B1ca, B2ca, • Extraction fan and ducting
ISO 5660 incorporating an Cca, Dca and Eca. • Chart Recorder or Windows
Software.
The 3 Metre Cube
30
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
EN 5026723 Common EN ISO 1716 Reaction to water temperature in the

calorimeter vessel and that of the
test methods for cables fire tests for building
EU Electric
outer bath are both monitored and
Cables
under fire conditions: products – used in the calculation. The test is
Tests on gases evolved Determination of the used to qualify products for the
during combustion of heat of combustion classes Aca.
materials from cables The bomb calorimeter is the
instrument most widely used to The Oxygen Bomb calorimeter
Part 23: Determination of degree
measure the heat of combustion or consists of:
of acidity of gases for cables by
calorific value of a material. A test • Bomb calorimeter with
determination of the weighted
specimen of known mass is burned embedded computer control,
average of pH and conductivity
under standardised conditions. userfriendly interface, LCD
This test was developed to assess
The heat of combustion, graphics display, high accuracy/
the amount of acid gas which is
determined under these conditions, resolution PRTs, RS232 interface
evolved when cable insulating,
is calculated on the basis of the port for printer
sheathing and other materials burn
measured temperature rise while • Oxygen bomb and bucket
as this acid can cause damage to
taking account of heat loss. (calorimeter vessel)
electrical and electronic equipment
• Thermostatically controlled
not involved in the fire itself. This
The combustion process is initiated bath, circulator, cooler, pipette
test method uses pH and electrical
in an atmosphere of oxygen in a (2L)
conductivity as an indirect
constant volume container, the • EN ISO 1716 sample preparation
assessment of this property and is
bomb, which is a vessel built to device, firing wire and cotton,
being used as the assessment
withstand high pressures. cigarette making device
method for the additional acid
• Printer (optional)
classification with classes B1ca,
B2ca, Cca and Dca. The bomb is immersed in a stirred
water bath, and the whole device is Why FTT ?
The equipment comprises of: the calorimeter vessel. The FTT has been at the forefront of
• Control unit calorimeter vessel is also immersed test instrumentation development
• Furnace in a second outer water bath. The in reaction to fire applications for
• Magnetic stirrer over 30 years and now sets the
• pH meter and calibration pH benchmark in this field of testing.
solutions
FTT ’s production and design facility
in the UK continues to develop
benchscale instrumentation and
largescale tests for a wide range of
regulatory requirements and offers
a worldwide sales and technical
support service.
The Oxygen Bomb Calirometer
31
Table 1 – EN 135016: Classes of reactiontofire performance for electric cables
CLASS TEST METHOD(S) CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA ADDITIONAL CLASSIFICATION
Aca EN ISO 1716 PCS ≤ 2,0 MJ/kg(1)
B1ca EN 50399 (30 kW flame source) FS ≤ 1.75 m and Smoke production(2, 5) and
and THR1200s ≤ 10 MJ and Flaming droplets/particles(3) and
Peak HRR ≤ 20 kW and Acidity(4)
and FIGRA ≤ 120 W/s
EN 6033212 H ≤ 425 mm
B2ca EN 50399 (20.5 kW flame source) FS ≤ 1.5 m; and Smoke production(2, 6) and
THR1200s ≤ 15 MJ; and Flaming droplets/particles(3) and
Peak HRR ≤ 30 kW; and Acidity(4)
EN 6033212 H ≤ 425 mm
Cca EN 50399 (20.5 kW flame source) FS ≤ 2.0 m; and Smoke production(2, 6) and
THR1200s ≤ 30 MJ; and Flaming droplets/particles(3) and
Peak HRR ≤ 60 kW; and Acidity(4)
EN 6033212 H ≤ 425 mm
Dca EN 50399 (20.5 kW flame source) THR1200s ≤ 70 MJ; and Smoke production(2, 6) and
Peak HRR ≤ 400 kW; and Flaming droplets/particles(3) and
FIGRA ≤ 1300 W/s Acidity(4)
EN 6033212 H ≤ 425 mm
Eca EN 6033212 H ≤ 425 mm
Fca No performance determined
(1) For the product as a whole, excluding metallic materials, and for any external component (i.e. sheath) of the product.
(2) s1 = TSP1200s ≤ 50 m2 and Peak SPR ≤ 0.25 m2/s
s1a = s1 and transmittance in accordance with EN 61034 ≥ 80%
s1b = s1 and transmittance in accordance with EN 61034 ≥ 60% < 80%
s2 = TSP1200s ≤ 400 m2 and Peak SPR ≤ 1.5 m2/s
s3 = not s1 or s2
(3) d0 = No flaming droplets/particles within 1200 s; d1 = No flaming droplets/particles persisting longer than 10 s within 1200 s; d2 = not d0 or d1.
(4) EN 5026723: a1 = conductivity < 2.5 μS/mm and pH > 4.3; a2 = conductivity < 10 μS/mm and pH > 4.3; a3 = not a1 or a2. No declaration = No Performance Determined.
(5) The smoke class declared for class B1ca cables must originate from the test according to EN 50399 (30 kW flame source).
(6) The smoke class declared for class B2ca, Cca, Dca cables must originate from the test according to EN 50399 (20.5 kW flame source).
32
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
European railway
European Regulations such as the fire test methods, for use in the reaction to fire performance required for
Construction Products Regulations have led classification of products and materials classification of structural products
European industries to harmonise testing employed in railway carriages throughout including flooring, seats, cables and non
methods for the products used in the Europe, producing harmonisation between listed items.
EU Railway
construction of buildings. As member states product standards throughout the
move towards harmonising these methods European states. The performance of all the products is
and regulations, there has been a similar determined with respect to flame spread
initiative to harmonise the interoperability In 2013, CEN/TC 256 and CENELEC/TC 9X and the amounts of heat, smoke and toxic
of railway rolling stock. As a result, the published a sevenpart standard EN 45545 fumes produced.
European Commission have authorised a in which Part 2 describes the reaction to
working group (CEN 256 WG1) to identify fire test methods, test conditions and All of these test methods are offered by FTT.
Test Method
STRUCTURAL PRODUCTS (incl. flooring)
STANDARD INSTRUMENT
ISO 56582 Lateral spread on building products in vertical configuration IMO Spread of Flame Apparatus
ISO 56601 Heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate – Part 1: Heat release rate Cone Calorimeter
EN ISO 92391 Horizontal surface spread of flame for floor coverings Flooring Radiant Panel
ISO 56592 Plastics – Smoke generation – Part 2: Determination of optical density by a singlechamber test NBS Smoke Density Chamber with FTIR
EN ISO 119252 Ignitability of building products subjected to direct The Single Flame Source Test
impingement of flame
SEATS
STANDARD INSTRUMENT
ISO 9705 Fullscale room test for surface products Furniture Calorimeter
CABLES
STANDARD INSTRUMENT
EN 6033212 Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions Electric Cable Test
EN 60332324 Common test methods for cables under fire conditions – Test for vertical flame spread of Electric Cable Test
verticallymounted bunched wires or cables (for d ≥ 12 mm)
EN 50305 Railway applications – Railway rolling stock cables having special fire performance (for d ≤ 6 mm) Electric Cable Test
EN 610342 Measurement of smoke density of cables burning under defined conditions – 3M Cube
Part 2: Test procedure and requirements
NONLISTED ITEMS
STANDARD INSTRUMENT
ISO 45892 Plastics – Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index – Part 2: Ambienttemperature test Oxygen Index
NF X 70100 Fire behaviour test – Analysis of pyrolysis and combustion gases – pipe still method EN 5026723/IEC 60754 Part 1 & 2
ISO 56582 Lateral spread on building products in vertical configuration IMO Spread of Flame Apparatus
The requirements specified in EN 55452 depend on the end use of the product and the Hazard Level of the carriage.
33
34
FFT_Fire Classifications and Fire Test Methods for the European Railway Industry 2020_3rd proof 18/06/2020 17:28 Page 35
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Fire Classifications
and Fire Test Methods
for the European
EU Railway
Railway Industry
(EN 455452; EN 17084; EN 16989)
35
European Regulations such as the Part 2 describes the reaction to fire The performance of all the
Construction Products Regulations test methods, test conditions and products is determined with
have led European regulators and reaction to fire performance respect to ignitability, flame
industries to utilise harmonised required for classification of spread and the amounts of heat,
testing methods and classification structural products including smoke and toxic fumes produced.
system for assessing the products flooring, seats, cables and non These reaction to fire tests aim to
used in the construction of listed items. qualify and classify the products
buildings. The European Rail according to their final applications
Industry is similarly developing This standard specifies that: which are separated into groups,
harmonised procedures particularly • Railway vehicles are classified in including: structural products,
to facilitate interoperability of accordance with the fire hazard seats, cables and nonlisted items.
railway rolling stock. Growth in level associated with their Each of these product groups are
European crossborder rail design and operation. required to meet a specific set
movements has further • Three hazard levels HL 1 to HL 3 of performance requirement
emphasized the need for are defined, HL 1 being the levels (listed R1 to R26). Each
European harmonisation both lowest requirement and HL 3 requirement has a corresponding
of these test methods and being the highest. series of test performance criteria
classification systems for the • The test methods used depend imposed for each fire risk levels
materials are used in vehicles. on the product under HL 1 to HL 3.
investigation.
The European Commission
mandated CEN (CEN/TC 256/WG 1)
to identify and standardise the fire
test methods for use in the
classification of products and
materials employed in railway
carriages throughout Europe. In
2013, CEN/TC 256 and CENELEC/
TC 9X published a 7part standard
EN 45545, “Fire Protection on
Railway Vehicles” which includes:
• Part 1: General
• Part 2: Requirements for fire
behaviour of materials and
components
• Part 3: Fire resistance
requirements for fire barriers
• Part 4: Fire safety requirements
for railway rolling stock design
for electrical equipment
including that of trolley buses,
track guided buses and magnetic
levitation vehicles
• Part 6: Fire control and
management systems
for flammable liquid and
flammable gas installations
36
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
TEST GROUP TEST PARAMETER STANDARD/TEST METHOD FTT INSTRUMENT
STRUCTURAL PRODUCTS Flame spread ISO 56582 Lateral spread on building products in vertical configuration Lateral Flame Spread Test
(including flooring)
Heat release ISO 56601 Heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate – Cone Calorimeter
Part 1: Heat release rate
Flame spread of EN ISO 92391 Horizontal surface spread of flame for floor coverings Flooring Radiant Panel
floorings
EU Railway
Smoke production ISO 56592 Plastics – Smoke generation – Part 2: Determination of optical NBS Smoke Density
and toxicity density by a singlechamber test Chamber with FTIR
Ignitability and EN ISO 119252 Ignitability of building products subjected to direct Single Flame Source Test
flaming droplets impingement of flame
SEATS Heat release ISO 9705 Fullscale room test for surface products Furniture Calorimeter
Smoke production ISO 56592 Plastics – Smoke generation – Part 2: Determination of NBS Smoke Density
optical density by a singlechamber test Chamber with FTIR
CABLES Flame spread of EN 6033212 Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire EN 6033212 Vertical Flame
electric cables conditions –single insulated wire or cable, 1 kW Propagation Test for a
premixed flame Single Cable
Flame spread of EN 60332324 Common test methods for cables under fire conditions – EN 603323 Vertical Flame
electric cables Test for vertical flame spread of verticallymounted Propagation Test for
bunched wires or cables (for d ≥ 12 mm) Bunched Cables
Flame spread of EN 50305 Railway applications – Railway rolling stock cables having EN 603323 Vertical Flame
electric cable special fire performance (for d ≤ 6 mm) Propagation Tests for
Bunched Cables
Smoke production EN 610342 Measurement of smoke density of cables burning under 3M Cube Smoke
defined conditions – Part 2: Test procedure and requirements Density Test
NONLISTED ITEMS Oxygen index ISO 45892 Plastics – Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen Oxygen Index
index – Part 2: Ambient temperature test
Flame spread ISO 56582 Lateral spread on building products in vertical configuration Lateral Flame Spread Test
Smoke production ISO 56592 Plastics – Smoke generation – Part 2: Determination of NBS Smoke Density Chamber
optical density by a singlechamber test
Toxicity NF X 70100 Fire behaviour test Analysis of pyrolysis and combustion Toxicity Test
pipe still method
37
Heat release The Cone Calorimeter is the most Building on this expertise FTT has
significant bench scale instrument developed a new generation of the
Heat Release Rate is the key
in the field of fire testing because it Cone Calorimeter called iCone that
measurement required to assess
measures important real fire utilise stateoftheart technology to
the fire hazard of products and
properties of the material being improve the efficiency and accuracy
materials, as it quantifies fire size,
tested, under a variety of preset of the fire test process.
rate of fire growth and
conditions. These measurements
consequently the release of
can be used directly by researchers The iCone is an automatic and
associated smoke and toxic gases.
or can be used as data for input interactive system. Not only does it
It is measured using a technique
into correlation or mathematical possess all the advantages of a
called oxygen consumption
models used to predict fire conventional Cone Calorimeter, it
calorimetry.
development. also features an interactive and
intuitive interface, flexible control
A new Rate of Heat Emission
The FTT Dual Cone Calorimeter has options, and builtin data
parameter has been introduced in
been the benchmark in this field for acquisition technology and
EN 455452.
its ease of use, robustness, reporting with the userfriendly
sophisticated software that guides ConeCalc software. It has been
This parameter is known as MARHE
users through the calibration, designed using FTT ’s decades of
or Maximum Average Rate of Heat
testing and report protocols. experience in calorimetry and
Emission. The heat release rate is
determined using the oxygen
consumption technique from which
an Average Rate of Heat Emission
(ARHE) is calculated. The maximum
ARHE over the testing period is
MARHE. The MARHE parameter
was selected because it is not
greatly affected by normal
experimental variation or
measurement noise. It has also
proved to be a fairly robust
measure of the propensity for fire
development under real scale
conditions.
ISO 56601 Cone

Calorimeter
Heat Release Rate is determined
with the Cone Calorimeter
according to ISO 56601. Thresholds
concerning the potential heat
release for almost all combustible
materials and products used in the
railway industry are required by
EN 455452.
These requirements depend on the

end use of the product and the
Hazard Level of the carriage. Figure 1: FTT ISO 56601 iCone2+ Calorimeter
38
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Table 1: Requirements concerning Heat Release (MARHE)
Requirement set Heat flux Test parameter and unit Maximum threshold
HL1 HL2 HL3
R5, R20 25kW/m2 MARHE [kW/m2] 50 50 50
R9 90 90 60
R8 – 50 50
EU Railway
R10 – – –
R19, R21 75 50 50
R1, R7 50kW/m2 – 90 60
R6, R11 90 90 60
R12 60 60 60
R17 – 90 60
R2 – – 90
incorporates many new features, In order to determine MARHE, a Instrumented Duct Insert section.
not seen by fire testing laboratories complete seat assembly should be The console is housed in a 19"
up until now. It is perceived as the tested using the ISO 97052 as a instrument rack and it contains all
new benchmark in calorimetry. furniture calorimeter. the necessary instrumentation to
measure Heat Release Rates and
Directly measured properties FTT builds and supplies the other associated parameters.
include: ISO 97052, complete with the
• Rate of Heat Release appropriate instrumentation The Gas Analysis Console contains:
• Time to Ignition package or supply instrumentation • FTT Calorimeter Analyser
• Critical Ignition Flux to clients wishing to upgrade featuring paramagnetic oxygen
• Mass Loss Rates existing facilities or with a wish to sensor with temperature and
• Smoke Release Rates build their own apparatus. In the pressure compensation for
• Effective Heat of Combustion latter cases we supply a Gas primary heat release
• Rates of Toxic Gas Release Analysis Console and an measurement.
(e.g. carbon oxides) According
to EN 455452, the electrical
heater within the Cone
Calorimeter must impose two
different irradiance levels:
25kW/m2 and 50kW/m2.
ISO 97052 Furniture

Calorimeter Vandalised
Seat
According to EN 455452, the
burning behaviour of passenger
seats should be tested on the
complete seat, including
upholstery, head rest, seat shell and
arm rest. In addition, the seat shell
and any vertical faces of the arm
Figure 2: FTT ISO 97052 Large Scale Calorimeter with Weight Measurement (Room
rests should also be tested in chamber on left not included in standard configuration)
relation to fire integrity. Courtesy from the Shanghai Fire Research Institute
39
• An Infrared Carbon Dioxide be conveniently used with the

Analyser for use in heat release FTT Dual Cone Calorimeter.
measurement.
• A Dual Stage Soot Filter, The duct section houses all the
Refrigerant Cold Trap, Drying sampling, temperature and mass
Column, Pump and Waste flow probes required for gas
Regulators for conditioning the sampling and air velocity
sample gases prior to analysis. measurement along with smoke
• Controls for the smoke measurement equipment (white
measurement system. light or laser). Most dynamic fire
• Data logger. testing apparatuses can be
instrumented with this equipment
The specification of this to measure heat released and
instrumentation is the same for smoke produced from products
both large and small scale burnt in them.
calorimeters and can therefore also
Table 2: Requirements concerning Passenger Seats
Requirement set Test method Test parameter Maximum threshold

and unit
HL1 HL2 HL3
R18* ISO 97052 MARHE [kW] 75 50 20
HRR Peak [kW] 350 350 350

2 2
R21 ISO 56601: 25kW/m MARHE [kW/m ] 75 50 50
ISO 56592: 25kW/m2 Ds max 300 250 200

Figure 3: 19" Gas Analysis Rack CITG 1.2 0.9 0.75
2 2
2 2
ISO 56592: 50kW/m2 Ds(4) 600 300 150

VOF4 [min] 1200 600 300
CITG 1.2 0.9 0.75
* : – during the test, the flame spread shall not reach the edges of the seat surface or the backrest;
– during the test, the flame height above the highest point of the seat surface shall not exceed 1,000mm;
– if the peak heat release values are too high for test equipment safety then the product is not compliant.
Table 3: Requirements concerning Flame Spread for ISO 56582 test
Figure 4: Instrumented Duct Insert Requirement set Test parameter and unit Maximum threshold
HL1 HL2 HL3
R1, R7 ISO 56582: Critical Heat Flux at 20* 20* 20*

Extinguishment
R2, R3, R17 13* 13* 13*
R4 13* 13* 13*
R11 30* 30* 30*
R12 40* 40* 40*
* If droplets/particles that exhibit sustained flaming are reported during the test ISO 56582, or for the special case of materials which
do not ignite in ISO 56582 and are additionally reported as unclassifiable, the following requirements shall be added:
Test to the requirements of EN ISO 119252 with 30 s flame application.
The acceptance requirements are:
Figure 5: DIN 50055 White Light System – flame spread < 150 mm within 60 s;
– no burning droplets/particles.
Controller
40
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
The requirement sets in relation to The Lateral Flame Spread Following ignition, any flame front
passenger seats are: Apparatus measures the lateral which develops is noted, and the
• R6: Passenger seat shell – Base spread of flame on vertically progression of the flame front
and Back oriented specimens using a horizontally along the length of the
• R18: Complete passenger seats rectangular radiant panel and an specimen in terms of the time it
• R19: Seats in staff areas additional gas burner flame as the takes to travel various distances is
EU Railway
• R21: Upholstery for passenger ignition source. recorded.
seats and head rest
It provides data suitable for The results are expressed in terms
ISO 56582 Lateral comparing the performance of of the flame spread distance/time
essentially flat materials, history, the flame front velocity
Flame Spread
composites or assemblies, which versus heat flux, the critical heat
Apparatus are primarily used as the exposed flux at extinguishment and the
Flame spread of structural products surfaces of walls. average heat for sustained burning.
including floorings and insulation
materials is determined according
to ISO 56582.
The requirements specified in

EN 455452 depend on the end use
of the product and the Hazard Level
of the carriage.
Figure 6: FTT ISO 56582 Lateral Flame Spread Apparatus
41
Single Flame Source performance of all types of supplied as a complete easytouse

construction products to classes B, system incorporating safety
Test Apparatus
C, D and E. features. The combustion chamber
Flame spread of light diffusers and is made from corrosion resistant
air filters are determined according EN ISO 119252 is based on the stainless steel, to maximise
to EN ISO 119252. Kleinbrenner method for operating life. It has large front and
determining ignitability of materials side doors which are glazed with
This test is also required as part of in the vertical orientation by direct toughened glass for full view of the
the European construction small flame impingement under specimen during a test and easy
products regulation for assessing zero impressed irradiance. It is access.
and qualifying reaction to fire
Figure 7: FTT EN ISO 119252

Single Flame Source Test
Apparatus
Table 4: Requirements concerning Flame Spread for EN ISO 119252 test
Requirement set Test parameter and unit Maximum threshold
HL1 HL2 HL3
R4 Flame spread [mm] 150 (within 60 s)
Flaming droplets 0
R5 Flame spread [mm] 150 (within 60 s)
42
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
EN ISO 92391 Flooring This test method is used to The FTT Flooring Radiant Panel can
measure the critical radiant flux of also comply with ASTM E648,
Radiant Panel
floor covering systems exposed to a ASTM E970, NFPA 253 and DIN
The burning behaviour of floorings, flaming ignition source in a graded 4102 Part 14.
including any substrates if used, is radiant heat environment, within a
tested according to EN ISO 92391 test chamber. The Critical Heat Flux at
in a closed chamber using a radiant
EU Railway
extinguishment value (CHFvalue) is
panel heat source. A smoke measuring system the incident heat flux at the
according to DIN 50055 is mounted specimen surface, at the point
The FTT Flooring Radiant Panel on a separate frame at the exhaust where the flame ceases to advance
(FRP) evaluates the critical radiant stack. It can also be used to and may subsequently go out. For
flux below which flames no longer measure this same critical radiant classification purposes, the
spread over a horizontal surface. flux for exposed attic floor cellulose CHFvalues in kW/m2 for each
insulation. Hazard Level, are shown in Table 5.
Figure 8:
FTT EN ISO 92391
Table 5: Requirements concerning Flame Spread for EN ISO 92391 test
Requirement set Test parameter and unit Minimum threshold
HL1 HL2 HL3
R8, R10 CHF [kW/m2] 4.5 6 8
43
EN 6033212 and
EN 60332324 Vertical
Flame Propagation Test
Apparatuses
According to EN 455452, the fire
behaviour and the flame
impingement duration of cables
should be tested and evaluated in
respect to the diameter of the
cables in question.
In addition, these cables are

separated into two groups:
I. Cables for Interior (Requirement
category R15)
II. Cables for Exterior (Requirement
category R16) Figure 9: FTT EN 603321 Figure 10: FTT EN 603323
Flame Propagation Test for a Single Wire Vertical Flame Propagation Test for
or Cable vertically mounted bunched cables
Table 6: Flame Impingement related to the Outer Cable Diameter
Outer diameter D of specimen (mm) Flame impingement(s)
D ≤ 25 60
25 < D ≤ 50 120
50 < D ≤ 75 240
D > 75 480
Table 7: Requirements concerning Electric Cables
Requirement set Test method Test parameter Minimum threshold
HL1 HL2 HL3
R15, R16 EN 6033212 Unburned length [mm] Burned part ≤ 540 and unburned part > 50
EN 60332324 (for d ≥ 12mm) Flame propagation [m] 2.5
EN 60332324 (for 6mm < d < 12mm) 2.5
EN 60332324 (for d ≤ 6mm) 1.5
44
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Smoke production and EN ISO 56592 Smoke emitted during the test, are capable
of operating simultaneously as well
toxicity Density Chamber with
as independently using two specific
There are two test methods FTIR Toxicity Test procedures for the acquisition of
detailed in EN 455452 that can be Apparatus FTIR spectra and smoke opacity.
used for determining the toxic
This method consists of a smoke
composition of gases and fumes
EU Railway
density chamber as described in The NBS Smoke Density Chamber
generated by the combustion of (SDC) has been established for
EN ISO 56592 and an FTIR toxicity
specified railway products. These many years and is used widely in all
test and sampling system. The two
two methods, EN ISO 56592 and industrial sectors for the
instruments dedicated respectively
NF X 701001 are described as determination of smoke generated
to the analysis of the opacity of the
follows: by solid materials and assemblies
smoke and to the qualitative and
quantitative analysis of gases mounted in the vertical position
Figure 11: FTT Smoke Density Chamber
45
with a closed chamber. It measures • Gas measurement ports are transmission in the absence of
the specific optical density of provided, for optional smoke before the start of the test.
smoke generated by materials, measurements of toxic gases.
when an essentially flat specimen, • Cabinet designed with a Two different levels of irradiance
approximately 25mm thick, is standard 19" rack, for simple have been standardised, depending
exposed vertically to a heat source addition of gas analysers, chart on the application of the product:
of 25kW/m2, in a closed chamber, recorder and other control units. • 50kW/m2 with no additional gas
with or without the use of a pilot • Air cooled radiometer for ignition source.
flame. The FTT smoke density furnace flux calibration. • 25kW/m2 with an additional gas
chamber has been designed ignition source.
specifically to incorporate the The FTT SDC is supplied with a
ISO 5659 Conical Radiant Furnace. software package called SDCSoft, The exposure conditions of the test
This extends the potential of the which is designed as a data specimen in the smoke chamber
SDC by allowing testing at heat acquisition and presentation are radiant heat with or without
fluxes up to 50kW/m2, horizontal package allowing either manual or application of a pilot flame. For
orientation of the specimen and automatic control. This enables a large area products such as walls
the measurement of mass loss rate more efficient use of the and ceilings, the test specimens
of the specimen. instrument, leading to larger daily shall be exposed to radiant heat
throughput of testing and flux conditions that simulate a
enhanced quality graphical data developed stage of a fire; that is a
Features of the FTT NBS
presentation. heat flux of 50 kW/m2 without a
Smoke Density pilot flame.
Chamber include: ‘SDCSoft’ is a Microsoft Windows
• Test chamber with full width based package which collects test For floor coverings that generally
opening door, allowing easy data and assists with all calibration receive lower levels of radiant heat
access for sample loading and routines. during a fire, the test specimens
chamber cleaning. shall be exposed to a radiant heat
• Photomultiplier control unit According to EN 455452, the flux of 25 kW/m2 with a pilot flame.
with all manual controls and optical density of flat products,
digital display of optical density i.e. interior walls, floor coverings, The optical density of the smoke
and relative intensity. Computer seat backs and seat coverings produced is measured continuously
setting for use with FTT software should be determined using the by an optical system. Toxic effluents
to perform automatic control of closed chamber according to are analysed using FTIR
the test procedure on the SDC. EN ISO 56592. Spectroscopy. For assessment of
• Controls are mounted beside toxic gases from railway products
chamber for convenient The smoke opacity during the the Conventional Index of Toxicity
operation. They are not combustion of the material is (CIT) is used which is always
obstructed when the door is determined measuring the calculated from test data and is
open. attenuation of a white light beam dimensionless. The analysis of
• Smoke density and temperature by the effluents. the spectrum collected during the
are on digital displays, for easier test determines the concentration
use and greater accuracy. The obscuration produced from the of gases.
• Chamber walls are preheated smoke is measured as a fraction of
for easier startup and the light intensity reaching the According to EN 455452 the
convenient equipment photometric detector in the analysis is carried out using the
operation. presence of smoke to the value equipment and the procedures for
• Safety blowout panel, easily corresponding to the luminous testing and calibration described in
replaceable, allows for safe ISO 19702.
operation of test method.
46
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Table 8: Reference concentrations of the gas components according to ISO 19702
Gas component Reference concentration (mg/m3)
CO2 72,000
CO 1,380
HBr 99
HCl 75
EU Railway
HCN 55
HF 25
NOx 38
SO2 262
The 8 gas components need to be has a multipass sample cell which The exposure conditions of the test
analysed and their reference is heated to 180°C and features specimen in the tube furnace are
concentrations (see Table 8). gold plated mirrors with protective generally set at 600°C, a fixed
MgF2 coating which ensures high ventilation condition which
FTT FTIR is a modular construction performance even in high water represents a developing fire
that typically comprises of a FTIR vapour concentrations or corrosive condition for railway products.
gas analyser, heated sampling unit gases.
and an industrial PC which are When the CIT for a product on a
mounted in a 19" cabin. The FTIR NF X 70100 Toxicity railway vehicle is required, only one
gas analyser is an integral part of method is used for the testing, gas
Test Apparatus
the system which allows analysis and calculation of CIT.
This method is based on the The method to be used is shown in
simultaneous measurement of
exposure of 1 g of test specimen. Table 9.
multiple gas compounds. Typically
The test apparatus and conditions
concentrations of H2O, CO2, CO,
for this method are described in The test conditions specified for use
SO2, NO, NO2, HCl, HF, HBr, HCN,
NF X 701002 with additional gas when performing EN ISO 56592 or
NH3, etc. are continuously
analysis information provided in NF X 701002 depend upon the
measured. The FTIR gas analyser
EN 455452. application and position of the
Figure 12: FTT NF X 701002 / EN 5026723 Toxicity Test
Table 9: Test method to be used for determination of Conventional Index of Toxicity (CIT)
Product EN ISO 56592 Smoke Chamber with FTIR NF X 701002
Products with large areas or significant surface areas; e.g. interior walls, floor coverings, Yes No
seat backs and coverings
Nonlisted products; e.g. minor mechanical components No Yes
47
product on the railway vehicle. the specification used in many

The conditions selected are electric cable tests. The unit can
representative of fires that may be supplied in a selfassembly kit
impact on the railway product, form or can be fully installed by
during either the developing stages FTT engineers.
or the developed stage of a fire
inside or outside the railway The equipment comprises of:
vehicle. • A 3 metre cubic chamber
assembly
EN 61034 3 Metre Cube • Photometric system, stands,
fans and sample mounting
Smoke Test Apparatus
frames
The 3 Metre Cube is used for
• Extraction fan and ducting
measuring smoke emission when
• Chart recorder or Windows
based operation software.
defined conditions, for example, a
few cables burned horizontally.
These units are produced to meet
Figure 13: FTT EN 61034 3M Cube Smoke Test Apparatus
48
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Table 10: Requirements concerning Smoke Optical Density and Toxicity of Listed Products
Requirement set Test method reference Test parameter and unit Maximum threshold
HL1 HL2 HL3
R1, R2, R6, R11, R12 EN ISO 56592: 50kW/m2 DS(4) 600 300 150
VOF4 [min] 1200 600 300
CITG 1.2 0.9 0.75
EU Railway
2
R3 EN ISO 56592: 50kW/m DS(4) – 480
VOF4 [min] – 960 480
CITG 1.2 0.9 0.75

2
R4 EN ISO 56592:50kW/m CITG 1.2 0.9 0.75
2
R5 EN ISO 56592: 25kW/m DS max 300 250 200
CITG 1.2 0.9 0.75
R7 EN ISO 56592: 50kW/m2 DS max – 600 300
CITG – 1.8 1.5
R8, R9 EN ISO 56592: 25kW/m2 DS max – 600 300
CITG – 1.8 1.5

2
R10 EN ISO 56592:25kW/m DS max 600 300 150
CITG 1.2 0.9 0.75

2
R17 EN ISO 56592: 50kW/m DS max – 600 300
CITG – 1.8 1.5

2
R20 EN ISO 56592: 25kW/m DS max 200 200 200
CITG 0.75 0.75 0.75

2
R21 EN ISO 56592: 25kW/m DS max 300 300 200
CITG 1.2 0.9 0.75
R22 EN ISO 56592: 25kW/m2 DS max 600 300 150
NF X 701001 and 2 600°C CITNLP 1.2 0.9 0.75

2
R23 EN ISO 56592: 25kW/m DS max – 600 300
NF X 701001 and 2 600°C CITNLP – 1.8 1.5
Table 11: Requirements concerning Smoke Production of Electric Cables for EN 610342 test
Requirement set Test parameter Minimum threshold
HL1 HL2 HL3
R15 Transmission % 25 50 70
R16 – 25 50
49
EN ISO 45892 Oxygen Index Test

The Oxygen Index test is specified in EN 455452 for testing
ignitability of listed and nonlisted plastic products, e.g. internal and
external seals, isolators, and PCBs. It is also one of the most
economical and precise quality control tests for combustible
materials. Its ease of use together with high levels of precision has
made this technique a primary characterising quality control tool to
Figure 14:
the plastic and electric cable industries and it has been specified by
FTT Oxygen
several military and transport groups. Index Test
The technique measures the minimum percentage of oxygen in the

test atmosphere that is required to marginally support combustion.
The FTT Oxygen Index (OI) and Temperature Oxygen Index (TOI) offer
many improvements such as the latest oxygen analyser technology
for high accuracy, reliability and long operating life.
Table 12: Requirements concerning Oxygen Index test
Requirement set Test parameter Minimum Threshold
HL1 HL2 HL3
R22 Oxygen Index % 28 28 32
R23
R24
Figure 15:
FTT Vertical Flame
EN 606951110 Vertical Flame Test
Test Apparatus The EN 455452 specifies the EN 606951110 for
testing small electrotechnical products, e.g. lower
power circuit breakers, overload relays, contactors, etc.
The FTT EN 606951110 Vertical Flame Test Apparatus

features digital test duration timers, high precision gas
control system and a bench mounted draft free
stainless steel combustion chamber having a large
inside volume.
The chamber is fitted with an interior light and exhaust

fan to enable simple evacuation of combustion
products from the tests. The apparatus can also comply
with UL 94 and several FAR Bunsen burner tests with
addition of the dedicated accessories.
Table 13: Requirements concerning Vertical Flame Test
Requirement set Test parameter Minimum Threshold
HL1 HL2 HL3

R26 Vertical small flame test V0
50
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
EN ISO 1182 Noncombustibility Test EN 455452

The EN ISO 1182 Non their end use. The FTT system has Although EN 455452 is published
Combustibility Test and been designed with significant new and operable in April 2013,
EN ISO 1716 Bomb Calorimeter are features. CEN/TC 256 WG 1 is still working to
specified in the EN 135011 to improve the test methods used for
classify A1 and A2 class Rather than the traditional variac both seating and toxic gas
EU Railway
construction products. control, where it is possible to measurement.
supply too high a current to the
Brake resistors used in rolling stock, heater element during the heating Please contact us for the latest
e.g. casing and any heat shields, are cycle, FTT has automated the changes and development of this
tested to this Euroclass criteria. The process by using modern standard..
EN ISO 1182 test identifies products electronics which considerably
that will not, or significantly not, extend the life of the furnace.
contribute to a fire, regardless of
Figure 16: EN ISO 1182

Noncombustibility Test
51
Summary of referenced test methods available from FTT :

EN 455452 TEST STANDARD SHORT REQUIREMENT FTT
METHOD REF. DESCRIPTION SET INSTRUMENT
T01 EN ISO 45892 Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index – R22, R23, R24 EN ISO 45892
Part 2: Ambient temperature test Oxygen Index Test
T02 ISO 56582 Lateral flame spread R1, R2, R3, R4, R7, ISO 56582 Lateral Flame
R11, R12, R17 Spread Apparatus
T03 ISO 56601 Reactiontofire tests – Heat release, smoke production R1, R2, R3, R5, R6, R7, iCone Calorimeter,
and mass loss rate – Part 1: Heat release rate R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, Dual Cone Calorimeter
(cone calorimeter method) R17, R19, R20, R21
T04 EN ISO 92391 Radiant panel test for horizontal flame spread of floorings R8, R10 EN ISO 92391
T05 EN ISO 119252 Ignition when subjected to direct impingement of flame R4, R5 EN ISO 119252
SingleFlame Source
Test Apparatus
T06 ISO 97052 Furniture calorimeter vandalised seat R18 ISO 97052 Large Scale
Calorimeter
T09.01 EN 6033212 Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire R15, R16 EN 603321 Vertical
conditions – Part 12: Test for vertical flame Flame Propagation Test
propagation for a single insulated wire or cable – for flame a Single Cable
Procedure for 1 kW premixed
T09.02 EN 60332324 Common test methods for cables under fire conditions – R15, R16 EN 603323 Vertical
Test for vertical flame spread of verticallymounted Flame Propagation Test
bunched wires or cables– Part 24: Procedures – Category C for Bunched Cables
T09.0304 EN 50305:2002 Railway applications – Railways rolling stock cables R15, R16 EN 603323 Vertical
Clause 9.1 having special fire performance – Test methods Flame Propagation Test
for Bunched Cables
T10 EN ISO 56592 Plastics – Smoke generation – Part 2: Determination R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, NBS Smoke Density
of optical density by a singlechamber test R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, Chamber
R12, R17, R20, R21,
R22, R23
T11 EN 455452:2013 Gas analysis in the smoke chamber EN ISO 56592, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, NBS Smoke Density
Annex C using FTIR technique R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, Chamber with FTIR
R12, R17, R20, R21 Gas Analyser
T12 NF X 701001 Gas analysis for the 8 gases described on 3.1.5 R22, R23 EN 502671 Cable
NF X 701002 Toxicity Test Apparatus
T13 EN 61034 Measurement of smoke density of cables burning R15, R16 3M Cube Smoke
under defined conditions – Part 2: Test procedure Test Apparatus
and requirements
T14 EN 13501 Fire classification of construction products and building R13 EN ISO 1182
(EN ISO 1182 and elements – Part 1: Classification using test data from NonCombustibility
EN ISO 1716:2010) reaction to fire tests Apparatus,
EN ISO 1716 Bomb
Calorimeter
T15 EN 50305 Railway applications – Railway rolling stock cables having R15, R16 EN 502761 Cable
special fire performance – test methods Toxicty Test Apparatus
T16 EN 60695211 Fire hazard testing – Part 211: Glowing/hotwire based R25 EN 60695211
test methods Glowwire flammability test method for Glow Wire
endproducts Test Apparatus
T17 EN 606951110 Fire hazard testing – Part 1110: Test flames – 50 W R26 EN 606951110
horizontal and vertical flame test methods Vertical Flame
Test Apparatus
52
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
European roofing products

This European Specification ENV 1187 specifies four methods for determining the performance of roofs to external fire exposure. The four
methods assess the performance of roofs under the following conditions:
Test Method
Test 1 – with burning brands
Test 2 – with burning brands and wind
Test 3 – with burning brands, wind and supplementary radiant heat
EU Roofing
Test 4 – with two stages incorporating burning brands, wind and supplementary radiant heat
The tests assess the fire spread across the from the exposed surface (Tests 1, 3 and 4). The four tests listed above do not imply any
external surface of the roof, the fire spread Tests 2 and 3 are not applicable to ranking order. Each test stands on its own
within the roof (Tests 1, 2 and 3), the fire geometrically irregular roofs or roof without the possibility to substitute or
penetration (Tests 1, 3 and 4) and the mounted appliances e.g. ventilators and exchange one for another.
production of flaming droplets or debris roof lights.
falling from the underside of the roof or
53
54
FTT_main catalogue 2020_PRELIMS_7th proof 18/06/2020 17:38 Page 55
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
US transportation
Regulation for fire safety in intercity and scenarios as well as the tests required by (CA TB 129). NFPA 130 also contains
interstate trains in the US is addressed by the Federal Railway Administration and by requirements for wires and cables, which
the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA), NFPA 130. must meet the UL 1685 vertical cable
and was published in “Passenger tray test, including smoke obscuration
Equipment Safety Standards; Final Rule”, The key fire tests are ASTM E162, criteria (absent from FRA regulations).
found in the Code of Federal Regulations ASTM D3675 (similar to ASTM E162 for NFPA 130 also contains circuit integrity
(49CFR238 Appendix B). More extensive foams), ASTM E648 (for flooring), requirements for some cables, based on a
requirements can be found in NFPA 130, ASTM E119 (a fire resistance test for fire resistance test.
Standard for Fixed Guideway Transit and structural components), and ASTM C1166
Passenger Rail Systems, a consensus (a small burner test for cellular elastomeric Subways fall under the jurisdiction of the
standard issued by NFPA and widely gaskets and accessories). Fabrics are tested Federal Transit Administration (FTA), so the
adopted for trains and underground with a small vertical Bunsen burner test and FRA regulations do not apply. There are
systems. Guidance on fire hazard smoke obscuration is assessed with the guidelines (but no requirements) which
US Transportation
assessment of passenger trains is found in ASTM E662 test. In order to conduct fire reference the same set of fire tests as
ASTM E2061: Fire Hazard Assessment of hazard assessment, it is acceptable to run shown above and, in practice, many (or
Rail Transportation Vehicles. This guide can complete seat assemblies to ASTM E1537 even most) local transportation authorities
be used to develop a fire hazard (CA TB 133 upholstered furniture test) or reference NFPA 130. Buses often also follow
assessment and it discusses different fire complete mattresses to ASTM E1590 the same guidelines voluntarily.
Test Method
Large Scale Mattress Fire Test CA TB 603, 16 CFR Part 1633
FMVSS 302, ISO 3795
NBS Smoke Density Chamber ASTM E662
Radiant Panel Flame Spread Apparatus ASTM E162
Motor Vehicles Shipping

There are very few fire tests associated with A material passes if the burn rate is There are many standards for materials
road transportation in the US. The National < 102mm/min. ISO 3795 is a technically used on ships. The key one is the surface
Highway Traffic Safety Administration equivalent standard used in Europe, flammability test (ASTM E1317, often
(NHTSA) established and enforces safety Canada, and Japan. While NHTSA mandates known as the LIFT or IMO test) and others
performance standards for road motor FMVSS 302 for school buses, much of the include the noncombustibility test
vehicles and road motor vehicle equipment. industry, and some local education (ISO 1182) and the ISO smoke chamber test
The only fire test mandated by NHTSA is authorities, also voluntarily conducts a very (ISO 56592). All maritime tests are
FMVSS 302 (also known as ASTM D6132), simple test that involves burning a paper contained in the IMO (International
which is required for everything within bag filled with newspaper on a set of school Maritime Organization) Fire Test Procedures
13mm of the passenger compartment. It is bus seat assemblies. This test has recently Code. Cables on ships are often required to
a small scale burner test conducted in a been standardised at ASTM as ASTM E2574, be tested to the UL 1685 test, an
small cabinet (15" × 14" × 8"). Standard Test Method for Fire Testing of intermediate scale cable tray test, with
School Bus Seat Assemblies, by replacing requirements also for smoke obscuration.
Test specimens 4" × 14" are exposed to a the paper bag by a gas burner 50% more
flame for 15s and a burn rate is calculated. severe than the ASTM E1537 fire test.
55
56
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Plastics
Plastics used in most industrial and transport applications and particularly those used in higher fire hazard environments, are compounded
with flame retardants to enhance their fire performance.
Several methodologies have been developed to assess the burning characteristics of the materials so that performance of the plastics
themselves and the products into which they are made can be comparatively assessed. Some of these methods are simple flame tests and
others can be used in numerical models.
Listed below are some flammability tests that are widely used in the industry to measure different fire response characteristics:
Test Method
Micro Calorimeter
Cone Calorimeter (ISO 5660, ASTM E1354)
NBS Smoke Density Chamber (BS 6401, ASTM E662, ISO 5659, NES 711)
Fire Propagation Apparatus ASTM E2058
Oxygen Index ISO 45892, ASTM D2863
Elevated Temperature Oxygen Index ISO 45893
Plastics
UL 94 Horizontal/Vertical Flame Chamber
UL 1581 Vertical Wire Flame Test Apparatus
Radiant Panel Flame Spread Apparatus ASTM E162
Toxicity (or Corrosivity) Test Apparatus ASTM E1678
57
58
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Aviation
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulates aircraft operating in the US but its guidelines are followed worldwide. Fire tests for
materials used in passenger aircraft are detailed in the FAA Aircraft Materials Fire Test Handbook. FTT provides the following fire testing
equipment which are all described in the FAA Fire Test Handbook and are used for regulation:
Test Method
ASTM E906 OSU Calorimeter
NBS Smoke Density Chamber (BS 6401, ASTM E662, ISO 5659, NES 711)
Thermal/Acoustic Insulation Flame Propagation Apparatus (FAR Part 25 Appendix F Part VI, Airbus AITM 2.0053, Boeing BSS 7365)
FAR Bunsen Burner Test Apparatus
Aviation
59
60
FTT_iCone2+ Calorimeter 2020_11th proof 18/06/2020 17:53 Page 61
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
iCone2+ Calorimeter
(ISO 5660; ASTM E1354)
Heat Release
61
The iCone2+ is the latest Cone Calorimeter Oxygen Consumption

development in the FTT The name “Cone Calorimeter” was Principle and Heat
iCone range and derived from the shape of the Release Rate
incorporates all of the best truncated conical heater that
The heat release rate is the single
Babrauskas used to irradiate the
features of our range of most important parameter that can
test specimen (100mm × 100mm)
cone calorimeters. It offers be used to characterise fire. It
at fluxes up to 75100kW/m2 in the
provides a measurement of the size
cutting edge PCB based benchscale oxygen consumption
of the fire, and the rate of fire
technology in a modular calorimeter that he and his co
growth, and allows calculation of
and robust build with workers developed at NIST. The
the time available for escape or
Cone Calorimeter is the most
remote communication, suppression. Most fire parameters
significant benchscale instrument
cone operation and are directly proportional to the size
in the field of fire testing because it
of the fire so by knowing the heat
diagnostic facilities that measures important, real
release we also have a good
allow FTT the capability to properties of the material being
indicator of the level of smoke and
efficiently respond, tested under a variety of preset fire
other combustion products being
conditions. These measurements
diagnose problems and generated. Huggett and Parker
can be used directly by researchers
service installations, in all examined in detail Thornton’s
or they can be used as data for
assumption that constant quantity
corners of the world. input into correlation or
of heat was released per unit of
mathematical models, used to
oxygen consumed using a variety of
The iCone2+ is the most predict fire development.
fuels, and assessed its effect on the
advanced, reliable and user accuracy of heat release
Directly measured properties
friendly cone calorimeter in measurement based on it. They
include:
the world. concluded:
• Heat release rate 1. The heat release rate in a fire
• Time to ignition can be estimated with good
• Mass loss rate accuracy from two simple
• Smoke production rate measurements, the flow of air
• Effective heat of combustion through an exhaust and the
• Rates of release of combustion concentration of oxygen in the
gas (e.g. carbon oxides)
exhaust.
2. The heat release from a fire
involving conventional organic
fuels is 13.1kJ per gram of
oxygen consumed, with an
accuracy of ± 5% or better.
3. Incomplete combustion and
variation in fuel have only a
minor effect on this result.
Appropriate corrections can be
made if necessary.
4. The oxygen consumption
technique for heat release
measurement is adaptable to a
wide range of applications
ranging from small scale
Base view of conical heater laboratory experiments to very
62
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
large scale fire system tests. FTT’s Contribution to calorimetry design engineers
A number of heat release ensure their products integrate
apparatuses have been
the Development of new developments. FTT ’s
developed since and are based Calorimetry production engineers are the
on these findings. The most In the mid 1980s FTT directors world’s most experienced Cone
important of these is the ‘Cone worked with Babrauskas and other Calorimeter builders and its team
Calorimeter’. colleagues to help develop of specialist service engineers
international test standards based ensure that FTT calorimeters are
Oxygen Consumption upon oxygen consumption promptly maintained, on all five
calorimetry. continents.
Calorimetry
.
They also designed European iCone2+ Calorimeter
q = (13.1 × 10 3) 1.10C οP (X O – X O )
0
prototypes and Stanton Redcroft’s
The iCone2+ has all the advantages
2 2
Te (1.105 – 1.5 X O )2
commercial Cone Calorimeter.
of the conventional single purpose
Where: FTT has been the world’s leading
Cone Calorimeter and has been
. manufacturer of all calorimeters,
q = Rate of heat release (kW) produced to be the most easily
C = KƌŝĮĐĞƉůate ĐoeĸĐŝĞnt (kg1/2 . m1/2 . K1/2) including full scale calorimeters
οP = Pressure drŽƉĂĐrŽƐƐƚŚĞŽƌŝĮĐĞƉůate (Pa)
maintained cone in the
(e.g. Furniture Calorimeter, the
Te = Gas tĞŵƉĞrature aƚƚŚĞŽƌŝĮĐĞƉůate (K) marketplace. It fits into the smallest
ISO 9705 Room Corner test and the
XO = DĞĂƐƵƌĞŵŽůĞĨƌĂĐƟŽŶŽĨK2 in the
2 labs and is easy to operate using
exhaust air (no units) SBI) since 1989. Throughout this
XO = /ŶŝƟĂůŵŽůĞĨƌĂĐƟŽŶŽĨK2 in the exhaust
0 the FTT userfriendly, menu driven
2 period FTT scientists and engineers
air (no units) software, which guides users
have worked on several calorimetry
through the calibration, testing and
research projects and contributed
Modelling with reporting protocols. The apparatus
extensively to International,
meets all existing Standards
Calorimeter Data European, ASTM and British
(including ISO 56601, ASTM E1354,
Early work carried out in the USA Standardisation groups.
ASTM E1474, ASTM E1740,
and Sweden showed how ASTM F1550, ASTM D5485,
successful the Cone Calorimeter International standards have been
Heat Release
ASTM D6113, CAN ULC 135 and
was in generating good input data published describing the equipment
BS 476 Part 15). It features an
for models. and several national standardisation
interactive and intuitive interface,
bodies have now published product
sophisticated and flexible control
After the EUREFIC project standards for use of the Cone
options, and builtin data
demonstrated excellent prediction Calorimeter in assessing
acquisition technology for robust
of Room Corner test (ISO 9705) performances of finished products.
data collection, analysis and
performance for wall lining • Furniture (ASTM E1474)
reporting and is the most advanced
materials from Cone Calorimeter • Wall lining materials
Cone Calorimeter produced in the
data, the European Commission (ASTM E1740)
world.
funded several large multilab • Prison mattresses (ASTM F1550)
• Electric Cables (ASTM D6113)
research projects to develop
models for prediction of the • Railway rollingstock applications Features of iCone2+
performance of finished (EN 455452) • Online support and remote
construction products from small • Maritime applications (IMO) diagnostics and control of
scale calorimeter tests. These instruments from FTT for
include the CBUF (Combustion FTT has supplied more than 400 internet connected system
Behaviour of Upholstered Furniture Cone Calorimeters to customers, in • Design based on cutting edge
Project) for Furniture, and FIPEC approximately 50 countries, for surface mounted PCB technology
(Fire Performance of Electric both research studies and testing in • PCB modular design facilitates
Cables) for electric cables. accordance with fire safety improved serviceability and
standards. FTT ’s specialist reliability
63
• Improved laser mounting • All round access to specimen

system for easier setup and platform for specimen
calibration and elimination of preparation and cleaning
thermal drift • Easy to clean large, highly
• Robust engineering for durable black granite working
improved life expectancy of the surface
instrument • Fire model protection alarm
• Latest generation gas analysers system
built with PCB and touchscreen • Optional larger Cone fire model
technology for testing specimens with very
• Remote cone assembly low heat release rates.
positioning control, so that 150mm × 150mm specimens are
heaterspecimen surface exposed to uniform heat flux
separation can be adjusted pre over entire surface
and midtest, to facilitate testing
of intumescing or thermally A full iCone2+ system
distorting specimens
consists of: 5.5" touchscreen
• Programmable heat flux
Conical Heater
exposure regimes. Up to 10
consecutive heat flux ramping or • 5kW electrical heating element Motorised Heat Shield
wound in the form of a • Automatic/Manual control of a
holding phases can be
truncated cone, rated 5000W at split shutter mechanism via 5.5"
programmed
230V with a heat output up to touchscreen or ConeCalc
• Motorised heat shield to protect
75100kW/m2 software to protect specimen
specimen from heat exposure
before test • Motorised height adjustment from heat exposure before test
and control via 5.5" touchscreen • Ensures the initial mass
• Automatic positioning and
during test for materials that measurement is stable and the
control of spark igniter to ignite
intumesce operator has additional time for
the combustion gases from the
specimen • Facility for testing horizontally system checks before starting
or vertically orientated the test. This added time is very
• Retractable 4sided heat
specimens important for easilyignitable
resistant glass protective screen
which provides a draftfree samples, which often ignite
Temperature Controller prematurely if a shutter
environment around the fire
model with clear viewing from • Software controls the mechanism is not used.
temperature of the conical
all sides
heater to give the desired heat Specimen Holders
• Heat resistant glass protective
flux via 3 typeK thermocouples • Made of stainless steel
screen electronically controlled
and a 3term (PID) temperature • For specimens 100mm × 100mm
• 5.5" colour touchscreen test
controller up to 50mm thick, in the
control panel adjacent to
specimen supplements principal • A temperature profile during horizontal and vertical
the test, consisting of up to orientation
computer control
10 steps (e.g. 10kW/m2 up to
• Automatic calibration by
75100kW/m2), can be set using Specimen Spacers
ConeCalc Software
the ConeCalc software • A set of 6 different specimen
• Load cell resolution of 0.01g and
load capacity up to 8.2kg • Cone temperatures relating to spacers are provided for easy
heat fluxes are established and precise adjustment
(Sartorius cell)
before the test using the Heat
• Load cell mounted on an
Flux Calibration routine in the
independent table to avoid any
ConeCalc software
vibration from exhaust fan
64
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
below the large working to the analyser during

granite surface which allows calibration and test, reducing
unrestricted access to the fire errors and drift
model
• Screen assembly rises from Gas Analysis
below the working surface to • FTT Calorimeter Analyser
enclose the specimen area on all featuring Paramagnetic oxygen
four sides sensor with atmospheric
pressure compensation. Infrared
Exhaust System carbon dioxide sensor (010%)
• Manufactured from stainless and carbon monoxide are
steel for long life optional.
• Comprising large hood (to • Developed and optimised
ensure all combustion gases specifically for the FTT
collected), gas sampling ring calorimeters this analyser
probe, exhaust fan (with features flow control and bypass
adjustable flow controls from for fast response, low drift and
050g/s, at a resolution of noise and is compatible with
Specimen spacers 0.1g/s) and an orifice small, medium and large
plate flow measurement calorimeters.
(thermocouple and differential
Load Cell pressure transducer) Smoke Obscuration
• Mass measurements are taken • Normal operation is at a • Measured with a laser system,
using a strain gauge load cell nominal 24 ℓ/s (range 050 ℓ/s) using Silicon photodiodes, and a
with a resolution of 0.01g 0.5mW HeliumNeon laser, with
• Mounted on an independent Gas Sampling main and reference
table to avoid any vibration from • Comprising soot filters, pump, (compensating) photo detectors
exhaust fan moisture trap (CO2 removal trap, • Supplied with alignment cradle
Heat Release
if not measured) and mass flow and 0.3 & 0.8 neutral density
Spark Ignition controller (MFC). The MFC filters for calibration
• 10 kV spark generator fitted allows maximum control of flow
with a safety cutout device
• Automatic positioning and
control of spark igniter via 5.5"
touchscreen or ConeCalc
software to ignite the
combustion gases from the
specimen
Glass Protective Screen

• Made of heat resistant glass
• Manual and automatic control
via 5.5" touchscreen or
ConeCalc software
• Provides a large draftfree
environment around the fire
model
• When in the lower position,
the screens are retracted Heat flux meter and calibration burner
65
Heat Flux Meter

• For setting the irradiance level at
the surface of the specimens
• The heat flux is automatically set
using the ConeCalc software,
heat flux meter and
temperature controller
Calibration Burner
• For calibrating the rate of heat
release measured by the
apparatus using methane of
17" touchscreen PC and ConeCalc software
99.5% purity. Mass flow of
methane is controlled via
ConeCalc software and a mass in a nonvolatile 50,000reading – Instrument control and
flow controller for optimising memory showing status of the
accuracy of the system instrument
calibration ConeCalc Software – Fully automatic calibration of
• Userfriendly Windows based gas analysis instrumentation
5.5" Colour Touchscreen and PLC ConeCalc user interface with and storage of calibration
Control System pushbutton actions, data entry results
• Simple to use HMI user interface fields and capable of: – Fully automatic Cfactor
and setup menus for operating calibration with the use of
the Cone Calorimeter and mass flow controller
providing control and display of
all main system parameters, e.g.
– Frequency of Exhaust Blower
– Spark igniter positioning
(inout) and control (onoff)
– Fire Model Heat Shield
control
– Fire Model Glass Protection
Screen control
– Height adjustment of Heater
– Fire Model Protection Alarm
System
Data Acquisition
• Data Acquisition/Switch Unit
featuring a 3slot cardcage with
up to 6½ digit (22 bit) internal
DMM enabling up to 120 single
ended or 48 doubleended
measurements. Scan rates up to
250 channels/s are available
with a USB and Ethernet
interface as standard. All
readings can be automatically
time stamped and can be stored Large Cone Fire Model and Control Unit
66
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
– Cfactor calibration via pool • Ignition time and extinction • Soot Mass Sampling
fire (ethanol) routine time (s) • Large Cone Fire Model
– Collecting data generated • Heat release rate (kW/m2) (ISO/TS 56604, ASTM E2965) –
during a test • Smoke production rate (m2/s) for testing samples 150mm ×
– Calculating the required • Mass loss, Mass loss rate (g, g/s) 150mm and gives uniform heat
parameters • Effective heat of combustion flux over entire sample surface
– Averaging of multiple tests (MJ/kg) • Controlled Atmosphere
– Presenting the results in a • Specific extinction area (m2/kg) Attachment – for testing
manner in accordance with • CO2 yield (kg/kg) specimens in low oxygen
ISO 56601, ASTM E1354 and • CO yield (kg/kg) atmospheres (021%) that may
EN 455452 • Total heat release (MJ/m2) be found in well developed fires,
– Exporting calculated data to CSV • MARHE (kW/m2) [Maximum or for studying the effects of
(comma separated variable) files average rate of heat evolved] gaseous suppressants or other
for quick transfer to • Total oxygen consumption (g) dynamic controlledatmosphere
spreadsheets. environments. The cone
Options assembly is located on top of
Test Parameters the enclosure with exhaust gas
• Integrated Carbon Dioxide and
• Heat flux (kW/m2) exiting through the cone only.
Carbon Monoxide NDIR gas
• Flow rate in exhaust duct (ℓ/s) The cabinet replaces the
analysers
• Cfactor (m1/2 ∙ kg1/2 ∙ K1/2) conventional cone assembly but
• Sartorius Load Cell (increased
uses the same controllers as the
range)
Heat Release
FTIR Combustion Gas Analysis System Controlled Atmosphere Attachment
67
normal cone. There is a door on NO2, SO2, HCI, HF, Phenol,

the front of the assembly with a Acrolein, water vapour, etc. The
viewing window. Changing FTT FTIR is a modular
between the standard fire construction comprising of FTIR
model and this unit is simple. gas analyser, heated sampling
The Cone Calorimeter is fitted unit and a touch screen PC
with a gas mixing attachment to which are mounted in a 19" rack
mix air and nitrogen which can • Cone Corrosimeter – Built in
be supplied at flows between accordance with ASTM D5485
0200ℓ/min to the chamber. and used for assessing the
The gas supply lines are fitted corrosive potential of
with flow meters and flowstat combustion products
flow controllers and a mixing
chamber. These are external to Flexibility with FTT
the enclosure chamber and
housed in a mobile control unit
Calorimeters
• FTIR – The FTT FTIR is an When used with the Cone
advanced gas analyser used for Calorimeter, the analysis rack is
continuous measurement of elegantly located with the
combustion gases in conjunction iCone2+ unit. When required for the
with FTT ’s Cone Calorimeter, Large Scale Calorimeter this gas
Smoke Density Chamber or SBI. analysis rack is quickly decoupled
The analysis of gases in fire from the iCone2+ main frame and
effluents is very complex and transferred, on the factoryfitted
challenging due to the great castors, to the new location for
number of different organic and Gas Analysis Rack equally quick connection to power
inorganic chemicals which these and sampling lines of the larger
atmospheres can contain. FTT ’s including ISO 19702, ISO 9705 calorimeter.
FTIR is fully configurable to meet and EN 455452. It is capable of
the requirements of several individual analysis of airborne FTT calorimeters are designed to
international standards concentrations of CO, CO2, NO, have interchangeable modules that
give our clients maximum
operational or upgrade flexibility.
The analysis systems of the
iCone2+ can be transported to large
calorimeters within minutes.
Almost all ducted rigs like the
IEC 603323 can be readily
converted to large calorimeters by
use of the rack from the iCone2+
and an instrumented duct insert
which FTT provides. The latter
houses all necessary gas sampling,
temperature and duct flow rate
probes.
Cone Corrosimeter
68
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Unrivalled Experience in
Design and Manufacturing
FTT’s site in East Grinstead, is home to
the largest group of fire scientists and
instrumentation design engineers
working on fire testing instrumentation,
and is at the heart of our design and
manufacturing. For more than 30 years
FTT has provided the highest
quality instruments and
service for fire testing and
research professionals
worldwide, directly
and through its
extensive global sales
and support network.
Heat Release
Quality Integrity Excellence Global
• Worldclass • A dedicated team • A worldclass team • Worldwide
manufacturing in passionate about fire made up of qualified distribution network
accordance with testing fire scientists, for global sales,
multiple international instrumentation and mechanical, electrical installations, training,
and national standards, continuous product and electronic fire maintenance and
including: EN, ISO & improvement instrument design technical support
ASTM • Delivering reliable, engineers and • Leading global supplier
• ISO 9001, ISO 14001 robust and easytouse production, installation of the Cone
certified instruments for the and maintenance Calorimeter, Large
past 30 years engineers Scale Calorimeter, NBS
Smoke Chamber and
Oxygen Index
69
Truncated Conical Heater and Fire Model
Element
• 5kW electrical heating element
Heater
• Heat flux up to 75100kW/m2
• Motorised height adjustment and control via 5.5" touchscreen during test for materials that intumesce
• Heat flux can be gradually increased during test in 10 predetermined steps and automatically controlled via software, e.g. 10kW/m2 increases up to
100kW/m2
Heat shield
• Motorised
• Automatic/Manual control via 5.5" touchscreen or software to protect specimen from heat exposure before test
Spark igniter
• Automatic positioning and control via 5.5" touchscreen or software to ignite the combustion gases from the specimen
• Spark gap of 3mm located 13mm above the centre of the specimen
Heat resistant glass protective screen

• Manual and automatic control via 5.5" touchscreen or software
• Provides a draftfree environment around the fire model
• When in the lower position, the screens are retracted below the large working granite surface and allows unrestricted access to the fire model
• Screen assembly rises from below the working surface to enclose the specimen area on all four sides
Large cone fire model (optional)

• For testing samples 150mm × 150mm
• Uniform heat flux over entire surface
Specimen Holder, Weighing Device & Specimen Handling
Specimen holder
• A square pan with an opening of 106mm × 106mm at the top, and a depth of 25mm, constructed from stainless steel
Retainer edge frame

• A stainless steel frame with inside dimension 111mm × 111mm, and opening of 94mm × 94mm
Sample size
• 100mm × 100mm
Sample thickness
• Up to 50mm
Load cell
• Resolution of 0.01g
• Mounted on an independent table to avoid any vibration from exhaust fan
Load capacity
• Up to 8.2kg (Sartorius Load Cell)
• Up to 5.0kg (Standard Load Cell)
iTrap
• Moisture removal controlled by a microprocessor with builtin stainless steel heat exchanger
• Adjustable setpoint temperature
• Status display
Black granite working surface

• Easy to clean, durable
• Additional working space compared with traditional Cone Calorimeters
70
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Exhaust Gas System with Flow Measuring Instrumentation
Duct diameter
• 114mm
Nominal exhaust flow rate
• 24 ℓ/s
Orifice plate
• Internal diameter 57mm located in chimney to measure duct flow
Sampling ring
• 685mm from the hood, contains 12 small holes with a diameter of 2.2mm
Gas sampling apparatus
• Incorporates a pump, soot filter, moisture trap and optional CO2 removal trap, mass flow controller (for precise control of flow to analyser and reducing
drift) controlled via software
Soot mass sampling (optional)

• Operated by mass flow controller automatically from software
Calibration Burner
Construction
• A tube with a 500mm2 square orifice covered with wire gauze
Control
• Methane flow controlled at required heat release using a mass flow controller
Instrumentation for Gas Analysis
19" Gas analysis rack

• Detachable to be used with other large scale calorimeters, e.g. SBI, Room Corner test, etc.
Oxygen analyser (FTT Calorimeter Analyser)
Heat Release
• Paramagnetic type with a range of 025% Oxygen. t10t90 response time less than 12s. Drift typically less than 20ppm in 30 minutes
• Low noise. Specially designed for FTT
Carbon dioxide (optional)

• Nondispersive infrared type with a range of 010%. Fast response. Specially designed for FTT
Carbon monoxide (optional)
• Nondispersive infrared with a range of 01%. Fast response. Specially designed for FTT
Smoke Density Measurement
Light source
• 0.5mW HeliumNeon laser beam
Detectors
• Silicone photodiode
71
Data Logger
Resolution
• Up to 22 bits
Recording time
• Up to 250 channels per second
Storage
• Raw data recorded for each test is stored and can be retrieved
5.5" Colour Touch Screen and PLC Control System
Simple to use HMI user interface and setup menus for operating the Cone Calorimeter and providing control and display of all main system parameters, e.g.
• Frequency of Exhaust Blower

• Spark igniter positioning and control
• Fire Model Shield control
• Fire Model Glass Screen control
• Height adjustment of Heater
17" Touch Screen PC (inside Gas Analysis Rack)
Userfriendly Windows based ConeCalc user interface with pushbutton actions and data entry fields and capable of:
• Instrument control and showing status of the instrument

• Fully automatic calibration of gas analysis instrumentation and storage of calibration results
• A temperature profile during the test, consisting of up to 10 steps, can be set in order to automatically set the heat flux onto the specimen
• Fully automatic Cfactor calibration with the use of a mass flow controller
• Cfactor calibration via pool fire (ethanol) routine
• Collecting data generated during a test
• Calculating the required parameters
• Presenting the results in a manner in accordance by ASTM E1354, ISO 56601 and EN 455452
Test Parameters
• Heat flux (kW/m2)

• Flow rate in exhaust duct (ℓ/s)
• Cfactor (m1/2 ∙ kg1/2 ∙ K1/2)
• Ignition time and extinction time (s)
• Heat release rate (kW/m2)
• Smoke production rate (m2/s)
• Mass loss, Mass loss rate (g, g/s)
• Effective heat of combustion (MJ/kg)
• Specific extinction area (m2/kg)
• CO2 yield (kg/kg)
• CO yield (kg/kg)
• Total heat release (MJ/m2)
• MARHE (kW/m2)
[Maximum average rate of heat evolved]
• Total oxygen consumption (g)
72
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Vitiated Atmosphere System (optional)
For testing reduced oxygen atmospheres – 0% to 21%
FTIR Toxicity Test Apparatus (optional)
Measuring Principle
• FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared)
Performance
• Unlimited simultaneous analysis of multiple gases
• Preloaded analysis for 21 gas species
• Userfriendly and comprehensive software package to enhance gas analysis
• Detachable 19" rack system which can be disconnected and used with other fire test applications
Zero Point Calibration

• 24 hours, calibration with Nitrogen (5.0 or higher N2 recommended)
Zero Point Drift

• < 2% of measuring range per zero point calibration interval
Sensitivity Drift
• None
Linearity Deviation
• < 2% of measuring range
Temperature Drifts
• < 2% of measuring range per 10 K temperature change
Pressure Influence
• Pressure measured and compensated for in gas cell
Gas Species:
• H2O • CO2 • CO • NO • NO2 • N2O

• SO2 • HCl • HCN • HBr • HF • NH3
Heat Release
• CH4 • C2H6 • C3H8 • C2H4 • C6H14 • HCHO
• Phenol • Acrolein • COF2
Service Requirements
Electric:
220250VAC, 28A, 50/60 Hz. Single Phase for the main frame
220250VAC, 6A, 50/60 Hz. Single Phase for the gas analysis rack
Water:
210 kPa (30 psi)
Exhaust Extraction:
250500 ℓ/s
Standard Gases:
Nitrogen (oxygenfree), Methane (UHP 99.5%)
Optional:
Span gas consisting of CO 0.85%, CO2 8.5%, balance nitrogen
Due to the continuous development policy of FTT technical changes could be made without prior notice.
73
74
FTT_Single Burning Item (SBI) 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:41 Page 75
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
FTT Single Burning

Item (SBI)
(EN 13823)
Heat Release
75
FTT_Single Burning Item (SBI) 2020 V2_5th proof 18/06/2020 17:57 Page 76
EN 13823: The importance of propane fuelled sandbox burner).

Reaction to fire tests for The specimen is mounted on a
the SBI
trolley that is positioned in a frame
building products excluding The European Construction beneath an exhaust system. The
floorings exposed to Products Regulation requires that reaction of the specimen to the
thermal attack by a single all European Member states use burner is monitored instrumentally
this test method to evaluate and visually. Heat and smoke
burning item, the SBI.
reaction to fire performance for all release rates are calculated and
construction products excluding physical characteristics are assessed
flooring. These test methods will by observation. The parameters
eventually take precedence over that are quantified in this test and
national regulatory methods to used within the classification
classify most building products and criteria are Total Heat Release
will be required by all suppliers of (THR), Fire Growth Rate Index
building materials into the EU and (FIGRA) and Smoke Growth Rate
neighbouring states adopting these index (SMOGRA).
regulations.
How the SBI is used to

The SBI Test
classify products
The Single Burning Item (SBI), is a
The European Commission recently
method of test for determining the
defined the classification criteria for
reaction to fire behaviour of
building products. These
building products (excluding
performance classes range from
floorings) when exposed to the
A to F. Although other test methods
thermal attack from a single
are required for assessment, SBI
burning item (modelled by a
testing is needed to classify all non
flooring products qualifying for
classes A2, B, C and D, which are
the major classes inhabited by most
products other than those that are
principally inorganic and classified
as noncombustible (A1).
The FTT SBI

FTT supplies and installs the
apparatus and train clients in its
use. FTT can also supply any of the
components to clients wishing to
part design and build their own
equipment.
The main components of the

FTT SBI are:
• Frame, trolley, hood and
ducting.
• Gas analysis instrumentation for
heat release measurement.
• Smoke measurement system.
76
FTT_Single Burning Item (SBI) 2020 V2_4th proof 16/06/2020 10:50 Page 77
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
CLASS CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA ADDITIONAL CLASSIFICATION OTHER TEST METHOD(S)
A2 FIGRA ≤ 120W/s; and Smoke production; and Flaming droplets/particles EN ISO 1716
LFS < edge of specimen; and
THR600s ≤ 7.5 MJ
B FIGRA ≤ 120W/s; and Smoke production; and Flaming droplets/particles EN ISO 119252
THR600s ≤ 7.5 MJ
C FIGRA ≤ 250W/s; and Smoke production; and Flaming droplets/particles EN ISO 119252
THR600s ≤ 15 MJ
D FIGRA < 750W/s Smoke production; and Flaming droplets/particles EN ISO 119252
• Burner, gas train and controls. Gas Analysis

• Data acquisition and analysis Instrumentation
software.
Housed in a 19" rack containing:
Test apparatus includes: • FTT Calorimeter Analyser
featuring Paramagnetic oxygen
• Trolley, which holds the
sensor with atmospheric
specimen and which docks into
pressure compensation and
the frame.
Infrared carbon dioxide sensor
• Primary and secondary burners.
(010%). Carbon monoxide
• Frame, which is built into the
(01%) is optional.
test room.
• Collector with baffles, fitted to • Developed and optimised
specifically for the FTT
the hood.
calorimeters this analyser
• Ducting with guide vanes.
features flow control and bypass
• Duct section containing gas
for fast response, low drift and
Heat Release
sampling probe, bidirectional
noise and is compatible with
probe and thermocouples for
small, medium and large
mass flow measurement and
calorimeters.
smoke measuring ports.
• Soot filter, refrigerant cold trap,
drying column(s), pump and
waste regulators for
conditioning the sampled gases
prior to analysis.
• Controls for the smoke
measurement system (if
purchased). 19" Gas Analysis Rack
Clients owning an FTT Dual Cone

Calorimeter can use the instrument
rack from the cone for this
function. Similarly clients
purchasing this equipment will own
a substantial section of a FTT Dual
Cone Calorimeter and later be able
to purchase a Cone Calorimeter
The FTI SBI frame trolley with significant savings.
77
Smoke Measurement Data aquisition and

System analysis
Includes: Includes:
• White light source and lens built • A Windows based software
in accordance with DIN 50055. package enabling simple data
• Silicon photodiode detector and collection and manipulation to
voltage output of transmission determine the various
• SBI support cradle parameters needed for heat
• Full set of calibration filters. release determination. The
• Analysis is via software. software generates files that
integrate with the current
Burner, Gas Train and spreadsheets, (which are also
supplied) for the calculation of
Controls
the Fire Growth Rate Index
Includes:
(FIGRA) and Smoke Growth Rate
• Two nonaerated sandbox Index (SMOGRA).
burners and an ignition system.
• Data logger, which features a
• UV burner flame detector units 3slot cardcage with 6 1/2 digit
for safe gas supply monitoring.
(22 bit) internal DMM enabling
• ‘Gas Control Box’, housed next up to 120 singleended or 48
to the test room observation
doubleended measurements,
window so the operator can
collects signals from the
simultaneously see the test
instrumentation. Scan rates up
specimen and digital propane
to 250 channels/s are available
mass flow rate (mg/s). This unit
with a 115 kbaud RS232
includes three flow level
interface as standard.Also
controllers, warning lights and
supplied with GPIB interface.
override facilities.
• ‘Gas Diverter’ consisting of a
mass flow controller to control
the propane gas flow. Solenoid
valves and flash back arrestors in
both gas supply lines for
automated safe operation of the
gas flow to the burners. These
Gas Control Box
are housed close to the test
frame to improve the response
time of the burners by reducing
the pipe length between the
solenoids and burners. The
propane mass flow rate and the
corresponding heat release (kW)
are additionally displayed via
Gas Diverter software.
78
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Services required for Other Euroclass test

complete instalation of methods
an SBI To classify the reaction to fire of the
FTT supplies all instrumentation full range of wall lining and flooring
and ducting for the SBI and can construction products, the SBI and
help with laboratory design, up to 4 other European Standard
supplying of additional items or test methods may be required. FTT
supervision of local building works supplies instrumentation complying
or installation of essential services. with all these European Standard
The test may produce large test methods.
quantities of combustion products
so smoke handling facilities and The test methods are:
suitable extinguishing agents are • SingleFlame Source Test
recommended. EN ISO 119252. Reaction to fire
tests for building products –
You will also need: Ignitability of building products
• Minimum height of 4.5m to subjected to direct impingement
house full apparatus of flame.
• Minimum floor space required • Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
(3m × 3m) EN ISO 1716. Reaction to fire
• Extraction (0.5m3/s to 0.65m3/s) tests for building products –
• Air supply Determination of the heat of
• Oxygenfree nitrogen combustion.
• Drying agents • Non Combustibility Apparatus
• Calibration gas of CO2/nitrogen EN ISO 1182. Reaction to fire
(and CO if this option is tests for building products –
purchased) Non combustibility test.
Heat Release
• Commercial propane supply • Flooring Radiant Panel
• Electrical power providing EN ISO 92391. Reaction to fire
230VAC 50/60 Hz 16A at the tests for building products –
instrument rack must be Horizontal surface spread of
available. flame for floor coverings.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Measuring Principle Paramagnetic oxygen analysis. Infrared carbon dioxide analysis.
System Dimensions (mm)

Trolley 1500 (W) × 1620 mm (D) × 2200mm (H)
Frame 1500(W) × 1700 mm (D) × 2500mm (H)
Ducting 315 internal diameter (to length and specification as per Standard)
Gas flow rate (for burner) 647 mg/s and 2000 mg/s
Smoke detector Silicon photodiode detector
Software Windows based data acquisition and analysis
79
80
FTT_Common test methods for cables under fire conditions 2020 V2_4th proof 18/06/2020 18:04 Page 81
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Common test methods

for cables under fire
conditions
(EN 50399; IEC 603323)
Heat Release
81
Heat release and smoke Construction Product performance criteria that must be
production measurement met in order for a cable to meet a
Regulations
particular fire classification (Aca,
on cables during flame Traditionally electric cables have B1ca, B2ca, Cca, Dca and Eca).
spread test. (Test apparatus not been included or classified in
also meets IEC 603323 national building regulations. The According to EN 13501 Part 6:
inclusion of electric cables within “Classification using data from
series tests specification)
the Construction Products reaction to fire tests on electric
Regulations (CPR) changes this cables”, cables are tested using
situation. Cables are to be tested 5 test methods in which the
using 5 test methods, and classified EN 50399 is the major test protocol
by the provisions of EN 135016 for Classes B1ca, B2ca, Cca and Dca.
which is a parallel standard in the This test protocol was developed by
existing CPR classification standard SP (Sweden), ISSeP (Belgium), CESI
EN 135011. EN 135016 covers (Italy) and Interscience (UK) with
electric cable requirements and the help of FTT fire scientists, in an
defines all the test methods and EU funded project called FIPEC, Fire
Performance of Electric Cables. The
FIPEC project included a study of
cable installations and relevant
reference scenarios as well as a
comprehensive test program of
different families of cables. This,
together with subsequent industry
test programmes, was used in the
development of the proposal for
the European testing and
classification system. The
classification utilises the results
obtained from IEC 603323 test
equipment fitted with heat and
smoke release measurement
instrumentation.
IEC 60332 Series Tests

on electric and optical
fibre cables under fire
conditions
Parts 1 and 2 of IEC 60332 specify
methods of test for flame spread
characteristics for a single vertical
insulated wire or cable. IEC 60332
Part 3 specifies methods of test for
the assessment of vertical flame
IEC 603323 spread of vertically mounted wires
Schematic or cables, electrical or optical.
82
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Gas mass flow control, ignition and flame detection system mounted on the Gas Diverter Gas control box mounted on wall
plate (cover not shown)
FTT IEC 603323 Series situated 150mm from the front wall the test chamber are thermally
of the test chamber. insulated to give a coefficient of
Test Apparatus
heat transfer of approximately
The test rig comprises of a vertical The standard requires the air flow 0.7W/(m2∙K). The distance between
test chamber of 1000mm (W) × rate to be 5000 l/min, measured at the ladder and the rear wall of the
2000mm (D) × 4000mm (H); the the inlet before the test chamber is 150mm and between
floor of the chamber is raised commences. This parameter can be the bottom rung of the ladder and
above ground level. The test regulated during the test. the ground 400mm. Cables can be
chamber is nominally airtight along mounted on two types of ladder; a
its sides, air being supplied at the An outlet of 300mm × 1000mm is standard ladder of 500mm width
Heat Release
base of the test chamber through at the rear edge of the top of the and a wide ladder of 800mm width.
an aperture of 800mm × 400mm test chamber. The back and sides of
Side view of cable test chamber, hood and ducting Front view of cable test chamber
and hood
83
This apparatus also consists of all the test chamber and conveyed
inlet air and exhaust ducting, gas through an exhaust system which
supply and control system, and two contains a duct section housing the
20.5kW propane burners as specified sampling probes, thermocouples,
in the IEC 603323 standard. mass flow probes and smoke
measuring system. Test results are
EN 50399 Common test calculated from data on continuous
measurement of the oxygen
methods for cables
consumed and carbon dioxide
under fire conditions – generated in the combustion
Heat release and smoke process using FTT ’s data acquisition
production and analysis software.
Duct section for EN 50399
measurement on cables
The Heat Release and Smoke
during flame spread test
Production Measurement
IEC 603323 apparatus can be
Apparatus includes:
modified to measure heat release
and smoke production by fitting a
1. Probe and Sensor Duct Section
small instrumented section of
A stainless steel duct section of
ducting into the exhaust system of
approximate dimensions 0.4m
the rig and using this with
diameter by 0.762m long fitted to
associated FTT gas analysis
an exhaust system. The duct will
instrumentation and software and
contain ports for:
using a modified test protocol.
• Sampling tube for flue gas
extraction (for gas analysis)
The standard specifies the cable
• Smoke obscuration system
mounting methods and both the air
• Mass flow monitoring
inlet duct design and air flow rates
• Thermocouple for measuring
into the chamber. The combustion
exhaust gas temperature
gases are collected in a hood above
19" Gas Analysis Rack
DIN 50055 white light system
84
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
By connecting this duct section to Instrumentation for volume flow Calorimeter and complies with
the gas analysis rack the client is measurement: that specified in ISO 5660. The
able to make measurements on the • Bidirectional probe white light system is similar to
effluent from the rig to determine • Differential pressure transducer that used in the SBI test and
oxygen consumption and carbon constructed to DIN 50055.
dioxide production in the exhaust Clients already owning the FTT Dual
duct to calculate heat release Cone Calorimeter, ISO 9705 Room • Density Photometric System
and smoke density in the exhaust Corner Test or EN 13823 SBI Test DIN 50055
duct with either the DIN 50055 can use their gas analysis A photometric system
white light system or laser instrumentation to measure heat consisting of a white light
smoke system. release rate of the EN 50399 test. source and lens, a silicon
Alternatively the EN 50399 gas photodiode detector, along
2. Gas Analysis Instrumentation analysis instrumentation can be with housings and controls.
Heat release measurement is used with other FTT calorimeters
obtained by sampling combustion (e.g. Dual Cone Calorimeter, The photodiode detector
products from the exhaust and ISO 9705, SBI, etc.). consists of an achromatic
computing heat release rates from system of lenses, a silicon
the volume flow rates and the 3. Smoke Measurement Systems photoelectric cell and a high
measured oxygen consumption and FTT offers two smoke measurement gain lownoise amplifier. The
carbon dioxide generation in the system options, laser or white light latter is capable of measuring
The FTT Calorimeter Analyser is systems. The laser system is similar relative light intensity against
housed in a 19" rack that can be to that used in the Cone time as percentage
placed in the laboratory.
The FTT Calorimeter Analyser

contains:
• FTT Calorimeter Analyser
featuring Paramagnetic oxygen
Heat Release
sensor with atmospheric
pressure compensation and
Infrared carbon dioxide sensor
(010%). Carbon monoxide
(01%) is optional.
• Developed and optimised
specifically for the FTT
calorimeters this analyser
features flow control and bypass
for fast response, low drift and
noise and is compatible with
small, medium and large
calorimeters.
Flue gas conditioning train

comprising:
• Soot filtration
• Refrigerant cold trap
• Drying columns
• Pump and waste regulators
Test chamber interior detail with propane burner
85
transmission continuously over Each MFC is housed on the ‘Gas CableSoft Software
the ranges to be studied. The Diverter’ plate fitted on the outside
The FTT EN 50399 test apparatus
system has a linear response wall of the test chamber. This is
uses sophisticated instrumentation
with respect to transmission and normally protected behind a cover.
and we supply the CableSoft
an accuracy of better than
software package to make the
±1.5% of the maximum reading. The Gas Control Box enables each
calibration and use of the
The photodiode is housed in an gas to have 3 preset levels. After
instrument as easy as possible.
assembly with a collimating lens, presetting, the burner output can
in a tube mounting on the side be switched between these levels.
CableSoft is a powerful, yet easy to
of the exhaust duct. It also houses the numerous
use, Microsoft Windows based
• Laser Smoke System power supply units for the MFCs
application that allows the user to
As an alternative to the and solenoid valves, the ignition
perform most operations required
DIN 50055 system, a laser smoke system and controls for the
on the apparatus with a computer.
system can be used. safety features.
It is based on push buttons and
It features a 0.5mW Helium
Windows data entry boxes and
Neon laser smoke and support The signals from the MFCs are
selectors and capable of:
system, power supplies, displayed on screen using FTT
• Showing the status of the
calibration and zeroing device for CableSoft software, which shows
instrument
smoke extinction coefficient. The the mass flow rate of the respective
• Calibrating the instrument and
detector output is designed with gas and the corresponding heat
storage of calibration results
a Main and Compensating output and facilitates any required
• Collecting data generated during
Detector to eliminate drift and is adjustment. The mass flow rate of
a test
supplied with 0.3 and 0.8 neutral each gas is also stored by the
• Calculating the required
density filters for calibrating the software enabling heat release
parameters
unit. Calibration and calculation from the burner to be subtracted
• Presenting the results required
of the associated smoke from the total measured heat
by the Standards
obscuration parameters can be release rate (of specimen and
performed by FTT software. burner) so that the heat release
All the functions available in
rate from the specimen alone can
CableSoft can be accessed from the
4. Data Acquisition and Analysis be determined.
Main Menu which offers 7 options:
Software
The signals are collected using a
Data Acquisition Unit. A Windows
based software package enables
data acquisition and analysis to
determine the various parameters
needed for heat release
determination.
5. Burner Gas Control Unit

The system supplied comprises of a
gas flow control and ignition system
for the burner. A spark igniter is
provided and a typeK
thermocouple monitors the
presence of a flame. Two mass flow
controllers (MFCs) control the
propane gas and air flow and a
Venturi air gas mixer. Main menu of CableSoft
86
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
• Start Test differential pressure transducer, • Tools

This allows quick and easy setup of smoke system (white light or laser) This gives access to the useful tools
a test with the cable and ignition and the gas and air mass flow of Oxygen analyser drift calculator,
burner or a set of dummy tests meters (if fitted). Each transducer Smoke system drift calculator,
which should be conducted every should be calibrated to ensure the Commissioning kt calculator and
day to check the system is working validity of the test results. Gas flow calculator.
correctly.
• Commissioning • Print Report
• Status A set of three commissioning The results from a cable test,
This displays the signals from all the routines are performed to a daily check test or the three
transducers and shows the exhaust determine the kt constant used in commissioning tests can be viewed
volume flow rate, inlet air volume the calculation of the exhaust and reports printed.
flow rate, the heat release rate volume flow rate before using the
from the burner, the mean duct test apparatus and after any major • Configure
temperature and the extinction changes. These three sets of This allows settings for the software
coefficient. commissioning routines are and system to be viewed and
determining the flow profile, modified.
• Calibrations conducting propane burns at three
This allows the user to calibrate the different heat release levels, and a
transducers in the system. These methanol pool burn. The
are oxygen, carbon dioxide and (if commissioning results can also be
fitted) carbon monoxide cells, viewed and reports printed.
Heat Release
87
Technical Specification
IEC 603323/EN 50399 Burning Behaviour of Bunched Cable Test
Burners
Burner Two 10" ribbon burners

• 20.5 kW
• Spark ignition
• Thermocouple and solenoid valve interlock system for gas safety
Propane Supply System PLC gas control system
Venturi mixer
Mass flow controllers

• Burner 1: 0.061.2 g/sec for propane
• Burner 2: 0.0350.7 g/sec for propane
• Air: 0.214.2 g/sec for air
Enclosure and Air Supply
Enclosure Vertical test chamber 1000 mm W × 2000 mm D × 4000 mm H; the floor of the chamber is
raised above ground level.
Nominally airtight along its sides, air being admitted at the base of the test chamber
through an aperture of 800 mm × 400 mm situated 150 mm from the front wall of the test
chamber.
Air Supply Single inlet centrifugal fan

• 480 m3/hr
• Altivar 30 W inverter
Ladder Types There are two types of ladder; a standard ladder of 500 mm width and a wide ladder of
800 mm width
Ladder Lifting Electric winch (Max 500 kg)

Pulley system
Control Unit
Control Unit Solid state gas control system with PLC control
5V PSU
4 process control meters to display process parameters
2 Type K temperature controllers for interlock and safety
88
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Heat Release and Smoke Measurement (For EN 50399 only)
FTT Calorimeter Analyser Gas analyser

• Paramagnetic oxygen sensor with flow control and bypass for fast response and
pressure compensation
• Infrared carbon dioxide (010%) sensor with flow control and bypass for fast
response
• Can also be supplied with infrared carbon monoxide (01%) sensor with flow control
and bypass for fast response
Gas Sampling Double ended sample pump (diaphragm)

• Max flow: 33.0 l/min
• Pressure: 2.5 bar
Soot filter
• Primary: 93% efficiency at 0.01 µm
• Secondary: 100% efficiency at 0.3µm
Water removal
• Chiller unit
• Drying columns with desiccant
Pressure controller relief valve
• Relief pressure 0.070.7 bar
Probe and Sensor Duct Section Stainless steel duct section of approximate dimensions 0.4 m diameter by 0.762 m length
containing ports for:
1. Sampling tube for flue gas extraction (for gas analysis)
2. Smoke obscuration system
3. Volume flow monitoring
4. Thermocouple for measuring exhaust gas temperature
5. Thermocouple for measuring gas temperature at smoke measuring position
Heat Release
By connecting this duct section to an FTT gas analysis rack the user is able to make
measurements on the effluent from the rig to determine oxygen consumption and carbon
dioxide production for calculating heat release and smoke density in the exhaust duct.
Data Acquisition Signals are collected using a Keysight data acquisition/switch unit
• 3slot cardcage
• Scan rates up to 250 channels/s are available with a 115 kbaud RS232 and PCI GPIB
interface as standard
89
Heat Release and Smoke Measurement (For EN 50399 only)
Smoke Density Photometric Light source

System DIN 50055 • Gas filled tungsten filament lamp
• Power provided and regulated by a triple output power supply with accuracy ±5%
• Housed with an appropriate collimating lens to ensure parallel light projection across
the duct, in one of the tube mounting sites on the side of the exhaust duct
Photodetector
• Achromatic system of lenses
• Silicon photoelectric cell and a highgain lownoise amplifier, which is capable of
continuously measuring relative light intensity against time as percentage
transmission over the ranges to be studied
• Linear response with respect to transmission and an accuracy of better than ±1.5%
of the maximum reading
• Housed in an assembly with a collimating lens, in one of the tube mounting sites on
the side of the exhaust duct
• Power provided by a regulated triple output power supply with accuracy ±5%
• Active area: 3.6 × 3.6 mm
• Spectral response rate: 320 – 1100 nm
Calibrated filters
• 0.04 Neutral Density
Laser Smoke Measurement Light source

(Option) • 0.5 mW He Ne laser
• 632.8 nm
Photodetector
• Silicon photodiodes
Calibrated filters
SEVICES REQUIRED
Extraction Connected to the FTT electric cable fire test rig

Continuous extraction of a volume flow of 0.50m3/sec to 2m3/sec
Electrical Power 230VAC 50/60 Hz 10A at the control panel
Air Supply Pressure regulated clean, oilfree shop air at a maximum flow rate of 200 l/min
Alternatively, a small compressor situated on the roof
Gas Supply Commercial propane 95% minimum purity at a pressure between 34 bar
Due to FTT’s continuous development policy, technical changes could be made without prior notice.
90
FTT_Large Scale Oxygen Consumption Calorimetry – Room Corner Test 2020 V2_6th proof 07/07/2020 09:36 Page 91
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Large Scale Oxygen

Consumption
Calorimetry
(ISO 9705; ISO 24473; EN 14390; ASTM D5424;
ASTM D5537; ASTM E603; ASTM E1537; ASTM E1590;
ASTM E1822; NFPA 265; UL 1685; UL 9540a;
NT FIRE 25; NT FIRE 32)
Heat Release
91
Gas Analysis shaped materials. Other products FTT Room Corner Test
can also be evaluated in the
Instrumentation FTT supply the Room Corner test
method, for example pipe
Console insulation and upholstered
with the appropriate
instrumentation depending on
Among other options, FTT also offer furniture.
customer’s requirements; a
burners constructed to ISO 9705
complete system and installation,
Annex A1 and A2 complete with gas The Consumption Corner tests
an upgrade to existing facilities or
train. A mass flow controller with simulate a fire that starts under
just the gas analysis
digital display controls the gas flow. wellventilated conditions, in a
instrumentation console (FTT
corner of a small consumption with
Calorimeter Analyser) and a duct
The gas controls include an a single open doorway. The method
section for those with a wish to
autoignition unit incorporating is intended to evaluate the
build their own apparatus.
several safety features. contribution to fire growth
provided by a surface product using
The FTT Calorimeter Analyser
The method evaluates the fire a specified ignition source. The test
contains all the necessary
characteristics of a surface product provides data for a specified
instrumentation to measure heat
in a room fire scenario. The main ignition source for the early stages
release rate and other associated
field of application is for building of a fire from ignition up to
parameters. The FTT Calorimeter
products that, for some reason, flashover. The standards listed
Analyser has been developed
cannot be tested in small scale, for above require specific
specifically for FTT Calorimeters;
example thermoplastic materials, measurement techniques inside
incorporating a high stability
joint systems and large irregular and outside the consumption.
92
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Onsite system in a fire research institute
temperature controlled – Oxygen consumption

paramagnetic oxygen sensor – CO2 production (optional)
(optional CO/CO2) with flow control – CO production (optional
and bypass for fast response. The extra)
specification of this – Laser measuring circuitry for
instrumentation is the same for dynamic smoke
both large and small scale measurement (optional
calorimeters and can therefore also extra)
be conveniently used with the – Cooling column/cold trap for
FTT Cone Calorimeter. the removal of moisture
– Moisture and CO2 drier tubes
Heat Release
When used with the Cone – Vent valve to ensure correct
Calorimeter the console is gas pressure
conveniently located with the Cone • Duct insert for Room Corner test
Calorimeter unit. showing laser smoke unit and
sampling ports. Fitted with:
The Duct Insert contains probes for – Sampling probe for the
gas sampling and exhaust flow oxygen consumption and
measurement along with smoke CO/CO2 gas train
measurement equipment (white – Bidirectional probe for
light or laser). Most dynamic fire volume flow monitoring 19" Gas Analysis Rack
testing apparatuses can be – 0.5 mW Heliumneon laser

instrumented with this equipment system with photometric
to measure heat release and smoke detector, all in a rigid cradle
production rates from products with a retaining strip around
burnt in them. the duct (optional) or White
Light Smoke Measurement
Main Features System (optional)
– Flow thermocouple and
• Gas Analysis Instrumentation
smoke thermocouple
Console. For the measurement
– Soot filter for removal of fine
of:
particulate Duct insert
93
LSHRCalc Software
LSHRCalc is a Microsoft Windows parameters generating a detailed • Calculate the required
based software package that enables report for the product(s) being parameters
automatic data collection and tested. • Calibrate the instrument and
manipulation from the sophisticated store calibration results
data logger supplied with the Gas The user friendly software interface • Collect and view data generated
Analysis Instrumentation Console. allows the operator: during a test
It automatically calculates the heat • To see the status of the • Present the results in a manner
release rate and associated instrument approved by the Standards
Options
• Laser smoke measurement
system. A 0.5mW helium
neon laser system with twin
photo detectors
• White light smoke
measurement system.
Tungsten filament lamp, lens
and detector system
• Large scale mattress fire test
CA TB 603/16 CFR Part 1633.
This test method is a full
scale flammability test which
exposes a mattress specimen
to a pair of Tshaped propane
burners and allows it to burn
for a specified period of time. White light smoke measurement system
The combination of burner
standoff distance and
propane gas flow rate to the
burners determines the heat
flux they impose on the
surface of the test specimen
so that both of these
parameters are tightly
controlled. The heat release
rate is measured by means of
oxygen consumption
calorimetry.
Mattress test CA TB 603/16 CFR Part 1633
94
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Open Calorimeters
up to 40MW
Testing principles from large scale flow rate, as explained in ISO 24473, The UL 9540a:2019 Battery Energy
calorimeters can be applied to Open Calorimetry – Measurement Storage System set of tests require
open calorimeters for measuring of the rate of production of heat heat release rate tests to be
fires up to 10, 20 or even 40MW, and combustion products for fires conducted at different large scales
by increasing the hood size, up to 40MW. with systems up to 20MW. FTT can
exhaust diameter and exhaust provide all of these scales of testing.
Measuring principle Measurement of fire characteristics of a surface product in a room fire scenario
Dimensions of gas analysis console 600mm (W) × 600mm (D) × 1800mm (H)
Sampling probe Cylindrical with a series of holes along its length. 10 mm external diameter stainless steel.
Burners Twin sandbox (main and auxiliary) includes automatic safety cutoff solenoid valve
Cooling column Operating temperature 0 to 4°C
Sample pump Double ended Teflon coated diaphragm pump; capacity 30ℓ/min
Exhaust system Stainless steel – (a minimum distance of 3500mm from exhaust hood to measurement system is
required).
Exhaust hood dimensions as per customer requirements
Duct insert Stainless steel – 400mm/16 inches diameter (customer to specify), 762mm long. Custom inserts
available on request.
Particle filter Eliminates all particles > 0.3μm.
Oxygen Analyser 025% for O2

(FTT Calorimeter Analyser) 010% for CO2 (option)
01% for CO (option)
Heat Release
Laser smoke measurement system (option) 0.5mW HeNe laser system
White light smoke measurement system (option) Tungsten filament lamp; colour temperature
2900 ± 100K
Mattress test (option) Tshaped propane burners with flow control

Portable burner frame
Burner wand assembly
Due to FTT’s continuous development policy specifications could change without prior notice.
SERVICES
Electrical power 220/240VAC 8A, 50Hz or 110/120VAC 16A, 60Hz (specify at the time of order)
Extraction A fan rating of at least 12000m3/hr is recommended
Gases • Oxygenfree nitrogen is required for calibration of the oxygen analyser and for leak testing purposes. Commercial propane minimum
95% purity is required for the gas burner calibration
• Span gas
A collection vessel is required for cold trap condensation
95
96
FTT_OSU Rate of Heat Release Apparatus 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:48 Page 97
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
OSU Rate of Heat

Release Apparatus
(FAR 25.853 (a1); ASTM E906)
Heat Release
97
FAR 25.853 (a1): The OSU Rate of Heat Release • Dual 110VAC transformers at
FAA Fire Test Handbook – Apparatus is used to expose aircraft 5.5kVA are provided for
interior cabin materials to an separate control of the upper
Chapter 5 incident radiant heat flux of and lower element pairs.
35kW/m2. This will determine if the • Wand Assembly for lighting the
ASTM E906: material complies with FAR 25.853 upper pilot and calibration
Configuration A Standard [a1] requirements. burners.
Test Method for Heat • Dual globar power controllers
FTT OSU incorporates for ease of heat flux uniformity
Release Rate for Materials
comprehensive safety features and adjustment.
and Products is fully equipped to provide reliable • Upper pilot and lower pilot (with
test data for both FAA and ASTM spark ignition) and calibration
tests. The apparatus, built in methane gas burners.
accordance with Chapter 5 of the • Thermopile for heat release rate
FAA Fire Test Handbook, is provided measurement, with five hot
in four parts: test chamber, control thermocouple junctions in the
unit, air distribution system and chimney and five cold
data acquisition and analysis thermocouple junctions in the
system. air chamber.
The heat release is measured by Air Distribution System

the temperature difference The air entering the apparatus is
between the air entering and controlled to 2124°C (7075°F) and
leaving the environment chamber set at approximately 0.04m3/s
by a thermopile with five hot and (85ft3/min) using an orifice meter.
five cold Type K junctions. • The orifice meter comprises of a
squarededged, circular plate
OSU Main Unit orifice, 0.024 inch (0.5mm)
Test Chamber thick, and is located in a circular
Stainless steel insulated test pipe with a nominal diameter of
chamber, with gasketed door and 1.5 inch (38mm). There are two
viewing window. The Test Chamber pressure measuring points
consists of: located 1.5 inch (38mm)
upstream and 0.75 inch (19mm)
• Four silicon carbide elements
Type LL 508mm by 16mm with downstream of the orifice and
nominal resistance 1.4 Ohms as connected to a mercury
a heat source with corrosion manometer. (Mercury not
resistant stainless steel housing. supplied)
• A reflector made from stainless • The air entering the
steel is situated behind the environmental chamber is
elements. distributed by an aluminium
plate which has eight holes, and
• In front of the elements, a
truncated diamondshaped mounted at the base of the
mask, constructed of stainless environmental chamber. A
steel, this provides uniform heat second plate having 120 evenly
flux density over the area spaced holes is mounted
occupied by the 151 × 151mm 152mm above the aluminium
vertical sample. plate.
98
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
• The air supply manifold at the • Four flow meters are fitted with
base of the pyramidal chimney needle valve adjustment for
section has 48 evenly spaced controlling the lower and upper
holes, resulting in an airflow of pilot burner’s gas and air
approximately three to one mixtures.
within the apparatus.
Calibration Heat Flux Meter
Specimen Holder and Drip Pan Two watercooled, heat flux sensors
• Two specimen holders are are supplied to measure the heat
provided with each OSU. flux density at the centre and each
• Each specimen holder and the corner.
drip pan are fabricated from
stainless steel. Software
• Each holder has two studs top FTT offer a data acquisition and
and bottom which allows two analysis standalone software
wires to be attached vertically in package for the OSU that can be
front of the holder to secure the used either with our
face of the specimen. instrumentation or with existing
equipment.
Control Unit
The OSU Apparatus is a
Standalone Control Unit housed in
sophisticated instrument, designed
19" Rack, with flow control for both
to make the calibration and use of
burners
the instrument userfriendly. The
OSUCalc software package acquires
Calibration Flow Rate Control
test data, assists with calibration
• This is only used when a The software interfaces with the OSU apparatus via a
routines and automatically
Calibration is required. data logger system, into which all the required signals
generates test reports. are connected
Heat Release
• There are 5 latching pushbutton
switches which allow accurate
control of calibration gas flow
rates. The user interface is a
• Under each flow control switch Microsoft Windows based
is a 10 turn potentiometer for system with push button
fine adjustment of the actions and standard
calibration gas flow rates. Windows data entry fields,
drop down selectors, check
Lower Burner Ignition boxes and switches.
• Lower burner ignition button
allows the gas to the lower and The Software has the
upper burners to flow. following features:
• In the event of a power failure 1. View of Transducer Signals
the solenoid will automatically 2. Heat Release Rate
stop the flow of gas and hence Calibration
extinguish any burner flames. 3. Automatic File Naming
• Five On/Off ball valves for 4. Data Collection
controlling the Lower and Upper 5. Data Presentation.
pilot burners and Calibration.
99
Measuring principle Exposure of materials to incident radiant heat flux
Main body dimensions 1500mm (L) × 1200mm (D) × 2260mm (H)
Main body weight 250kg
Control rack dimensions 600mm (L) × 600mm (D) × 1700mm (H)
Control rack weight 40kg
SERVICES
Extraction The exhaust stack 133mm by 70mm in cross section and 254mm tall is fabricated from stainless steel and mounted on the outlet of the
pyramidal section. Inside the exhaust stack is a baffle, this is perpendicular to the airflow, 76mm above the base of the stack.
An exhaust hood system with the following criteria is required:
• Recommended hood size 60cm wide × 150cm long.
• The bottom of hood should be 1520cm above the apparatus exhaust stack.
• Adjustable to produce a maximum volume 70m3/min (2470 CFM)
• Pressure 1.4mmHg
Power 230VAC 50A 50Hz for the OSU Main Unit

230VAC 8A 50Hz for the Control Unit
400VAC 3Ph 16A 50Hz + Neutral 3.5kW for Air Handling Unit
Gas Bottled Methane is required, at a pressure of approximately 250mBar (4 psi)
Air supply For OSU:

4 psi, flow rate of 0.04m3/s at 2124°C
For Control Unit:
Filtered compressed air to rack, at a pressure of approximately 20psi
Water 200300 ml/min water flow through the system at room temperature, i.e. 1530°C
(To cool heat flux meter assembly)
Mercury 100ml for the manometer
100
FTT_Fire Propagation Apparatus 2020 V2_2nd proof 18/06/2020 18:20 Page 101
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Fire Propagation
Apparatus
(ASTM E2058; FM 4910; ISO 12136)
Heat Release
101
FTT_Fire Propagation Apparatus 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:45 Page 102
The FTT FPA can be used to ASTM E2058 FM 4910 Windows based
determine: FTT manufactures the FM Global software
• Critical heat flux for Fire Propagation Apparatus (FPA), A Windows based software package
ignition a heat release calorimeter. enables simple data acquisition,
• Thermal response analysis and storage via a 22bit
parameter
Instrument features: data logger.
• Infrared Heaters: Four heaters
• Effective heat of All parameters are displayed. The
each supplied with six 500W
combustion lamps and associated water and versatile data logger may be used in
• Chemical and convective air cooling connectors, other applications and is supplied
heat release rates controlled by a single phase with software that allows the data
power controller to provide heat stored in the logger to be
• Fire Propagation Index
flux up to 65 kW/m2. downloaded to a PC for further
• Mass Loss Measurement: analysis.
It can also be instrumented A 02000 g load cell, with an
to measure: accuracy of 0.1g. Services required
• Average Corrosion Index • Air Distribution Chamber and Prior to operating the Fire
• Smoke yield Air Supply Pipes: Quartz Propagation Apparatus, the
Cylinder and Water Cooled following services must be provided
Shield: Two quartz cylinders for the laboratory:
fitted above the aluminium a) Fire Products Extraction: a
cylinder, allow supply of oxidant collection hood system is
to the specimen flame, while required above the FPA exhaust
enabling radiant energy from stack. The blower of the
the Infrared heating system to collection hood system shall
reach the specimen surface. A have the flow capacity in excess
watercooled shield protects the of 300 l/s (0.3 m3/s) (635 cfm) of
specimen from the heat from the FPA.
the Infrared heaters prior to b) Electrical Power: 277 VAC,
testing. 50/60 Hz, single phase – single
• Ignition Pilot Tube: A pilot hot leg from 480 VAC referenced
ignition tube, with a 4hole to ground – 2 AWG wire and
ceramic insert. 125/160 ampere fuse
• Exhaust System: Intake funnel, disconnect or circuit breaker for
mixing duct, and test section. the IR heaters and power
• Gas Sampling: Sampling probe, controller.
filters, traps, and flow control. c) Water Supply: pressure
• Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide and regulated clean water (on line
Carbon Monoxide Analysis: filter should be used) with a
Inlet concentration of oxygen flow rate of 2.0 l/min allowing
and exhaust concentrations of each IR heater to receive at least
oxygen, carbon dioxide and 0.34 l/min at 50 psi. The inlet
carbon monoxide are measured. temperature shall not exceed
• Heat Flux Meter: For calibration 70°F (22°C). A supply is also
of the Infrared heating system. necessary for the watercooled
• Instrument Frame: Developed sample shield, which should
for 19" rack mounting. prevent a temperature increase
of the shield in the upposition
102
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
of more than 45°C. For safety cooled sample shield (a close

reasons, no quick disconnects loop system is also an option).
shall be used on water lines. f) Calibration Gases Primary
d) Air Supply – Pressure regulated standard grade ‘span gases’ and
clean, oil free air (a desiccant grade 5 N2 for ‘zero gas’ for CO2,
dryer should be used to verify CO analyzers; Ethylene gas and
this) at a flow rate of 1.5m3/min compressed air for pilot flame.
allowing each IR heater to Typical span gases required:
receive at least 0.3 m3/min. 2300 ppm CO2 balance N2; 400
e) Drain: a drain is required to ppm CO balance N2; 21% O2
handle the water being provided balance N2.
for the IR heaters and water
Schematic Diagram
Averaging
Pilot-Tube
FLOBAR
Gas Sampling
Mixing Probe Corrosion/Smoke
Duct Duct Blower
Thermocouple Corrosion Sensor

and Support
Main Filter Housing
Exhuast
Hood HP Data Logger Laser Cradle & Laser
Pump Cold Trap Weight Laser Analysers
0.0 0.0001 V
Control I1 2 0.9 50 %0
I2 2 0.9 50 %
Panel Tare Load Cell I3 0.00 0 vpm
2 × OЇ, COЇ, CO
Exhaust Control
Analyser
Set Flow On Methane Ethylene/Air On
On On
Gas Control Kī Kī
Panel
Exhaust Control
Quartz Glass & Hydrocarbon
Stainless Steel Analyser
Oxygen On
Collar Inlet Flow
Kī Kī
Inlet Air
Heat Release
Control
I.R. Heaters Drying Columns
Sample Gas (Inlet) Inlet Exhaust
Oxygen Oxygen Inlet Exhaust
Kī
Oxygen/Nitrogen Inlet Air Nitrogen

Gas Sampling
Flow Flow
Control
Sample Gas (Exhaust)
Kī
Carbon Dioxide/
Nitrogen Carbon Monoxide
Sample Gas (Exhaust)
Nitrogen Kī
Carbon Dioxide/
Carbon Monoxide
Interlocks Set Lamp Voltage
Water Cooled Lamp

Made
Set Lamp Set Lamp

0.0
Shield Control
Reset Raise/Lower
Heat Shield
Water Flow Air Flow
Flow
Analyser On Methane 1000 Zero Air Fuel Gas Fuel Gas Hydrocarbon
Panel Enable/Disable
Lamps
On
Kī
On
Kī
On
Kī Zero
On
Kī
Flow Control
Span
Panel
ŝƌŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶ
Chamber Power
Panel
Load Cell
103
104
FTT_NBS Smoke Density Chamber 2020 V2_4th proof 18/06/2020 18:28 Page 105
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
NBS Smoke Density

Chamber
(ASTM E662; BS 6401; NFPA 258)
And options for:
(ISO 5659; ABD0031 (ATS 1000.001); NES 711)
Smoke Production
105
ASTM E662: The NBS Smoke Density Chamber is • Safety blowout panel, easily
Standard test method for widely used in all industrial sectors replaceable, allows for safe
for the determination of smoke operation of test method.
specific optical density of generated by solid materials and • Gas measurement ports are
smoke generated by solid assemblies mounted in the vertical available, for optional
materials orientation within a closed measurements of toxic gases.
chamber. • Cabinet designed with a
BS 6401: standard 19" rack, for simple
It measures the specific optical addition of gas analysers, chart
Method for measurement,
density of smoke generated by recorder and other control units.
in the laboratory, of the materials when an essentially flat • Air cooled radiometer for
specific optical density of specimen, up to 25 mm thick, is furnace flux calibration.
smoke generated by exposed to a radiant heat source of
materials 25kW/m2, in a closed chamber, The FTT SDC has been designed
with or without the use of a pilot specifically to incorporate the
flame. The radiant heat source can ISO 5659 Conical Radiant Furnace.
NFPA 258:
be easily replaced with the Conical This extends the potential of the
Recommended practice for Radiant Furnace for testing of SDC by allowing testing at heat
determining smoke specimens in the horizontal fluxes up to 50 kW/m2, horizontal
generation of solid orientation according to ISO 5659 orientation of the specimen and
materials and IMO FTP Part 2 requirements. the measurement of mass loss rate
of the specimen. It takes
And options for: Features of the FTT NBS approximately 15 minutes to

Smoke Density change from ASTM E662 to the
ISO 5659: ISO 5659 configuration and the
Plastics Smoke generation. Chamber (SDC) equipment conforms to the recent
Determination of optical • Test chamber with full width IMO test protocols.
opening door, allowing easy
density by a single chamber access for sample loading and
test Software
chamber cleaning.
The FTT SDC is supplied with a
• Photomultiplier control unit
IMO FTP Part 2: with manual zero and span software package called SDCSoft,
controls designed to be used which was designed as a data
Smoke and toxicity test acquisition and presentation
with the FTT software to
perform automatic control of package allowing either manual or
ABD0031 (ATS 1000.001): automatic control. This enables a
the test procedure on the SDC.
for smoke emission for • Controls are mounted beside more efficient use of the
nonmetallic components the chamber for convenient instrument, leading to larger daily
operation. They are not throughput of testing and
obstructed when the door is enhanced quality graphical data
NES 711:
open. presentation. ‘SDCSoft’ is a
Determination of smoke Microsoft Windows based package
• Three term temperature
index controller for radiant heat which collects test data and assists
source with digital display. with all calibration routines. It can
be used for several applications
• Chamber walls are preheated
for easier startup and including standardised testing to
convenient equipment ASTM E662, ISO 5659 and BS 6401
operation. etc.
106
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
SDCSoft enables: • Current range setting and filter

position
Calibration of the photomultiplier
amplifier: Full scale and zero
• Mass (ISO 5659)
transmission values are calibrated
• Prompts (visual and audio)
when the range setting or filter
into the software. All recorded and
position requires changing when
displayed transmission values are
operating in manual mode.
corrected, in real time, by the
When operating under software
software for calibration, whatever
control the range setting is
the amplifier range setting.
automatically changed.
Automatic file naming: SDCSoft will
The experimental data stored
save the data to a file name
during a run includes:
automatically generated from the
date and test number. This is to
• Time (seconds), t
prevent any valuable data being
• Transmission (%) at time t ASTM E662
overwritten. Alternatively the user

• Specific optical density at time t
can manually enter a file name.
• Range and filter positions at
time t
• Mass (g) at time t (ISO 5659)
Data collection:
The start of an experiment is On completion of the test, the clear
initiated by the activation of a foot beam transmission is recorded to
switch or the push of a button on correct the data for deposits on the
the computer screen. Information optical system. A report including a
about the test and the sample is graph and table of specific optical
entered prior to the run. This is density (DS) against time is
stored to disk, together with the produced. The report can be
numerical data generated during printed on any device with a
the test. Data is collected and Windows driver.
stored at user defined intervals. ISO 5659/IMO
The intervals can be defined over a

Options
range from 1 to 60 seconds. Real
Smoke Production
AITM 3.0005 – Airbus ABD 0031:
time data is displayed on the VDU
The ABD0031 (formerly ATS
during the course of a test. The
1000.001) option is a gas sampling
information is displayed in graphical
system which includes a vacuum
and textual form.
chamber, vacuum pump, hand
metering pump and gas analysis
The graphical form is an auto
detection tubes.
scaling graph with time on the
xaxis and transmission (%) and
Provision is made for
specific optical density on two
gaseous/volatile test products to be
yaxes.
drawn through three ports on the
top of the chamber at any time for
Textual data includes:
subsequent analysis. One of these
• Instantaneous transmission (%)
ports is used to connect to the
and specific optical density (DS)
ABD0031 vacuum box.
• Time from start of test
• Maximum DS and time to
maximum DS
107
FTIR EN 455452 and ISO 19702:

The FTT FTIR system can be used
with the SDC or other instruments
to measure the concentration of
toxic species in accordance with
these standards to aid in providing
data for use in combustion toxicity
assessment.
Heated Line:
FTT also offers a heated gas
sampling system. The system
includes a heated filter, 2m heated
line and 2 × temperature
controllers.
NES 711:
The NES 711 attachment comprises
a spark ignition burner and stirrer
fan. The FTT SDCSoft software is
compatible with this option.
ABD0031 Vacuum Box
Measuring principle Specific optical density – white light source and photomultiplier tube
Light source 6.5 V 2.75 A tungsten filament lamp
Operating heat flux of radiant heat furnace 25 ± 0.5 kW/m2 (standard furnace) up to 50 kW/m2 for ISO 5659/IMO fire model
Dimensions (mm) 1900 (H) × 1630 (L) × 660 (D)
Internal dimensions of chamber (mm) 914 (H) × 914 (L) × 610 (D)
SERVICES
Power Supply 110/230 VAC 50/60 Hz 16 A
Extraction system Flow rate of at least 50l/s
Gas supply Propane at 1 bar (14.5psi) Filtered compressed air at 2 bar
Water (ISO 5659 only) Flow rate of 200300ml/min
Mass Balance Accurate to 0.5%
108
FTT_The 3 Metre Cube V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:47 Page 109
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
The 3 Metre Cube

(IEC 61034; BS 6853; BS 6724; BS 7622)
Smoke Production
109
FTT 3M Cube comprises: The 3 Metre Cube is used for Features and Benefits
measuring smoke emission when
• 3 Metre Cube assembly The enclosure is constructed from
• Photometric system, Zintec sheet steel of 0.8 mm
defined conditions, for example,
stands, fans and sample thickness fixed to a steel
when several cables are burned
framework. A door with a window
mounting frames horizontally. The tests are carried
enabling observation is placed at
• Extraction fan and out in a cubic enclosure, a
the front of the cube, with sealing
ducting photometric system is used to
at all appropriate joints.
measure increase in smoke density.
• Windows Software.
Sealed windows (100mm × 100mm)
This unit was developed by London
are provided in the two laterally
Transport scientists in England and
opposed faces for the transmission
is designed to replicate the fire
of light from the horizontal
conditions found in enclosed spaces
photometric system (source and
(such as an underground tunnel).
receiver). The centres of these
windows are situated at a height of
These units are produced to meet
2.15m.
the specification used in many
electric cable tests including IEC
The photocell receiver is mounted
61034. It permits the comparison
at one end of a 150 ± 10mm tube
between the standard absorbance
with a dust protection window at
of airborne particulates evolved
the other end.The inside of the
under the specified conditions of
tube is matt black to minimise
each test method. The variables
reflections. The signal from the
include thermal characteristics,
photocell is proportional to the
form, dimensions and positions of
transmission of light and is
the test piece.
recorded continuously during the
test, using a chart recorder or data
The unit can be supplied in a self
acquisition system.
assembly kit form or can be fully
installed by FTT Engineers. The unit
The walls of the cube at floor level
is made of steel sheet panels and
have orifices for atmospheric
can be supplied with customised
pressure equalisation. In order to
extraction facilities and all
avoid stratification of smoke,
instrumentation, fans, stands and
homogenisation is achieved by a
sample mounting frames. The
fan placed on the floor inside the
photometric system has a
cube which blows horizontally
horizontal optical path of 3 m
throughout the test.
between two opposite faces of the
cube and the attenuation of light
The method was developed for
transmitted through the chamber is
electric cables, but can be adapted
measured during the test.
also to materials, equipment and
components.
110
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Detail of door with viewing panel and control box at the front of the cube Detail of light source and detector at opposing apertures
3M Cube Software (CubeCalc)

A Microsoft Windows based user – data file name
Smoke Production
friendly software interfaces with – time interval for processed
the 3 Metre Cube Chamber via a data
multichannel A/D board. One – conditioning environment
channel monitors the transmission • Test Run: Data is collected and
output from the photocell via an displayed during the course of
interface box. the test. The information is
displayed in both graphical and
The Software has the following textural form.
features: • The following experimental data
• Calibration of the Photometric is processed after the test:
System – time, t
• Specimen Information such as: – transmission at t
– laboratory name – absorbance at t
– specimen description, • test report can be produced
A
diameter and number of and printed after a test.
cables tested
– test name
111
Measuring principle Comparative measurement of airborne particle absorbance using photometric detection
Chamber • Volume 27m3

• Galvanised Steel Sheet
• Supplied in a selfassembly kit form
Chamber Dimensions 3m (W) × 3m (D) × 3m (H)
Photometric System The photometric system comprises of a light source and a photocell placed horizontally in the mid vertical plane of
the cube at a height of 2.15 ± 0.10 m
Optical path – 3.00 ± 0.03m
Photometric System – Light Source A halogen lamp with a tungsten filament and a clear quartz bulb with the following characteristics:
• Power: 100W
• Stabilised Voltage: 12V
• Luminous Flux: 2000 lumens
• Colour Temperature: 3000K
It is supplied with a stabilised voltage adjusted to 12.00 ± 0.01V.
Photometric System – Receiver Selenium type with an S4 spectral response or similar.
Fire Source – Alcohol Tray Galvanised sheet metal with joined edges, pyramidal trunk of rectangular section.
Interior dimensions: • Bottom Base: 210mm × 110mm

• Top Base: 240mm × 140mm
• Height: 80mm
1.00 ± 0.01dm3 of 95% alcohol.
Protected from the fan by a sheet metal screen
of 1.5m × 1.0m, curved along its length and put on the floor.
Fan Flow rate 10 to 15m3/min, and a blade diameter of 300 ± 30mm.
Stands and Specimen Supports Vertical supports with horizontal brackets.
Extraction System Ducting leading from high in the cube fitted with a valve to seal the opening during a test.
SERVICES
Electrical power 220240VAC 50/60 Hz
Extraction An extraction duct and fan motor assembly is supplied for connection to a 140mm diameter extraction outlet
Environment In order to obtain the best possible repeatability it is recommended that the air surrounding the outside of the cube should be still and
of a temperature of 20 ± 5°C. The chamber should be located away from direct sunlight and not subject to climate variations.
112
FTT_Density of Smoke from the Burning or Decomposition of Plastics 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:48 Page 113
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Density of Smoke
from the Burning
or Decomposition
of Plastics
(ASTM D2843)
Smoke Production
113
This reaction to fire test method readily be performed on The apparatus consists of:
covers a laboratory procedure for thermoplastic materials that may • Combustion Chamber
measuring and observing the drip and fall out of the E84 test • Specimen Holder
relative amounts of smoke apparatus. Other smoke test • Ignition System
obscuration produced by the apparatus, for example, • Photometric System
burning or decomposition of ASTM E1354 Cone Calorimeter, • Control Unit (incl. Smoke Meter)
plastics. It is intended to be used E662 Smoke Density Chamber, etc.
for measuring the smokeproducing are also available from FTT . The test specimen is exposed to
characteristics of plastics under flame for the duration of the test,
controlled conditions of FTT ASTM D2843 Exit and the smoke is substantially
combustion or decomposition. trapped in the chamber in which
Sign Test Apparatus
The measurements are made in combustion occurs. A 25mm ×
The FTT Exit Sign Test is designed
terms of the loss of light 25mm x 6mm (1" × 1" × 1⁄4")
for the measurement and
transmission through a collected specimen is placed on a supporting
observation of the smoke
volume of smoke produced under metal screen and burned in the test
producing characteristics of plastics
controlled, standardised conditions. chamber under active flame
under controlled conditions of
This test is used by model code conditions using a propane burner
combustion or decomposition
organisations in controlling the use operating at a pressure of 276 kPa
according to ASTM D284310 but
of plastic materials in light (40 psi). The 300mm × 300mm ×
not to be used for measuring any
transmitting applications. It can be 790mm (12" × 12" × 31") test
other characteristics of the plastic
used as an alternative to the chamber is instrumented with a
combustion.
ASTM E84 smoke measurement light source, photoelectric cell, and
because this test method can
1. Combustion Chamber
2. Specimen Holder
3. Ignition System
4. Photometric System
5. Control Unit
5 4
3 2
114
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Front View (partial section)

––– Air supply flexihose to burner (not drawn)
350mm 300mm 180mm
20
1
15
16
B C
A
1. Combustion Chamber: 300mm ×

300mm × 790mm
2. Chamber Ventilation Slots (all 4 sides)
790mm
5 14
13 3. Heat Resistant Glazed Door
D 4. Base: 350mm × 400mm × 57mm
770mm
7 22
6 5. White on Red Illuminated Exit Sign:
11 22 90mm × 150mm
6. Test Specimen: 25.4mm × 25.4mm ×
10 6.2mm (not shown)
12
7. Specimen Holder: 64mm2 of 6mm ×
21 8 6mm, 0.9mm gauge
8. Calciumsilicate Sheet or Collector Tray
9 9. Quench Pan (filled with water when in
use)
2
10. Main Burner: Propane (operating at
276kPa (40psi))
11. Aux Burner: Propane (operating at
57mm
350mm 138kPa (20psi))

(Burner ‘Rest͛ƉŽƐŝƟŽŶͿ
17 4
12. Sample Adjusting Handle
13. Light Source
14. Light Receiver
15. Heat Resistant Glazed Windows for
Top View (partial section) Light Beam 2 × Ø70mm (int.)
16. Extraction Fan: 1700ℓ/min
Smoke Production
17. Main Burner Adjustment Handle
6.5mm Hole
30mm
40mm
18. Antitilt Bracket

18
Propane Burner Inlet 175mm 19. Filter Assembly
20. Butterfly Valve
99mm O/D
21. Air Flow Device

iii 22. Specimen Holder Clamp Screw (used
i
200mm
only with the aux. burner)

iv
400mm
19
ii
Electrical inputs:
i = Exract System
ii = Light sources
iii = Exit Sign Light 17
iv = Photocell In ‘Test͛ƉŽƐŝƟŽŶ

115
meter to measure light absorption ExitSign Software

horizontally across the 300mm
FTT Exit Sign Test Apparatus is a
(12") light beam path. The chamber
sophisticated instrument and in
is closed during the 4 minute test
order to make the calibration and
period except for the 25mm (1")
use of the instrument extremely
high ventilation openings around
easy, the ExitSign software package
the bottom of the chamber.
is specially designed to
complement the instrument.
Measurement is by means of
ExitSign is a Microsoft Windows
transmitting a beam of light
based application which assists
through the smoke generated by
with calibration routines, acquires
the sample under test to a light
test data and produces test reports.
measuring receiver. Results
obtained are in units of light
The Main panel is used to access all
absorption (%). The light
the functions available in ExitSign
absorption data are acquired by a
software:
userfriendly software tool and are
• Start Test
plotted versus time. Two indexes,
• Status
the maximum smoke produced and
• Filter Check
the smokedensity rating, are used
• Print Report
to rate the material. A heat
• Configure
resisting glass door is fitted to allow
• About
observation of the test whilst it is in
• Exit
progress.
116
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Test Chamber
Overview Bench mounted draft free painted aluminium chamber with large liftoff door with window made from toughened glass
giving a generous view of the specimen during a test. Mounted on a 360mm × 400mm × 57mm base.
Electrical power 96264V 50/60Hz 1A
Internal dimensions (m) 0.3 (L) × 0.3 (D) × 0.79 (H)
Voltage 96264V 50/60Hz 1A
Exhaust InLine axial industrial extraction fan with over temperature/current protection. Low noise plastic frame and plastic
impeller. Outer diameter of exhaust fan: 104mm.
Exhaust flow rate (l/min) 1700
Interior light 2 × 6W fluorescent lights, 240V 50/60Hz, 3400 K
Burner, Gas Control System
Burners A burner in compliance with ASTM D 2843 with a 0.13mm diameter orifice Auxiliary burner with a 1100g weight
constructed from stainless steel to prevent movement of the burner during testing.
Burner positioning system Quick burner positioning system controlled via handle on the front of the chamber Air supply device 160mm diameter
stainless steel duct providing air to main burner
Gas type and pressure Commercial grade 85.0% minimum propane pressure regulated @ 40 psi for the main burner and @ 20 psi for the
auxiliary burner
Pressure displayed by two independent 63mm diameter bourdon tube gauges on front panel
PLC Integrated safety and control system, 24V DC powered.

• Independent burner control
• Thermocouple Type K interlock for main and auxiliary burners
• Fan and exhaust damper control
• Light source control 5V DC Switch Mode Power Supply
– Input voltage 85265V 4763Hz
– Cooling convection cooling
– Operating ambient temperature 1070°C
– Over voltage protection
– Over current protection
Flash back arrestor Safety precaution fitted on both burners
Photometric system Optical system positioned on the right houses a selenium cell. The light source houses a 1493 compact filament
Smoke Production
microscope lamp running between 5.3V DC and 6.3V DC which is situated on the left hand side of the chamber. The signal
is monitored and processed via a Smoke Meter in the control unit.
SPECIMEN HOLDERS AND SUPPORT
Specimen Holder (× 4) 64mm × 64mm stainless steel square of 6mm × 6mm, 0.9mm gauge wire
Quench Pan (× 1) Stainless steel 150mm × 100mm × 20mm
Particles Boards (× 4) ¼" Thick x 64mm x 64mm square calcium silicate
Stainless Steel Collector Tray (× 1) 2½" × 2½" × 3/8" deep with ½" square bottom
117
118
FTT_Smoke Density Photometric System 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:49 Page 119
Smoke Density
Photometric System
(DIN 50055)
Smoke Production
119
FTT_Smoke Density Photometric System 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:49 Page 120
The FTT ‘Smoke Density The signal from the Light

Photometric System’ (DIN 50055) is Measuring Device is taken to the
designed to be used in conjunction Control Unit, which is capable of
with equipment that measures continuously measuring relative
smoke from burning materials. light intensity against time as
The unit can be fitted to several percentage transmission over the
instruments such as the Room ranges to be studied.
Corner test, (ISO 9705), Single
Burning Item (SBI) (EN 13823), Heat The system has a linear response
Release and Smoke Production with respect to transmittance and
Apparatus for IEC 60332 Part 3 an accuracy of better than ±1.5% of
(EN 50339), Steiner Tunnel the maximum reading. The Control
(ASTM E84) or Flooring Radiant Unit also regulates the damping of
Panel (EN 92391) etc. the amplifier so that the response
times required to achieve 95%
The apparatus consists of: accuracy (t95) correspond to the
• Light Source specifications given in the standard.
• Light Measuring System
• Control Unit An analogue output on the control
unit of 01V = 100% transmission is
The Light Source is a gas filled available to be taken to a data
tungsten filament lamp. Power for acquisition unit. A Windows based
the lamp is provided by a regulated software package is also available
power supply housed in the Control to enable simple data acquisition,
Unit. analysis and storage via a data
logger. All parameters are
The LightMeasuring Device displayed. The versatile data logger
consists of: may be used in other applications
• Achromatic system of lenses and is supplied with software that
• Silicon photoelectric cell allows the data stored in the logger
• High gain low noise amplifier to be downloaded to a PC for
further analysis.
These components are housed in
an assembly with a collimating lens.
Smoke Density Photometric System SBI Smoke Measuring System
120
FTT_Vertical Flame Propagation for a Single Insulated Wire or Cable Test 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:50 Page 121
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Vertical Flame
Propagation for a
Single Insulated Wire
or Cable Test
(IEC 603321)
Flame Spread
121
IEC 603321: IEC 603321 specifies the procedure This equipment uses a 1 kW pre
Tests on electric and optical for testing the resistance to vertical mixed flame propane burner and is
flame propagation for a single for general use, except that it may
fibre cables under fire vertical electrical insulated not be suitable for the testing of
conditions conductor or cable, or optical fibre small single insulated conductors,
cable, under fire conditions. cables of less than 0.5 mm2 total
Part 12 specifies the use of a 1 kW crosssection or small optical fibre
premixed flame and the test cables. In these cases, the
evaluates the flame spread of a procedure given in IEC 6033222 is
cable under exposure to a small recommended.
flame. This test is relevant for the
classes B1ca, B2ca, Cca, Dca and Eca. The apparatus features include:
• Bench Mounted Open Test
FTT IEC 603321 Vertical Screen
Flame Propagation Test • Horizontal Specimen Supports
• Ignition Burner compliant with
Apparatus IEC 60695112, with simple
The FTT IEC 603321 tests for the angle adjustment from 90⁰ to
vertical flame propagation of a 45⁰ and a gas safety system
single insulated wire or cable is a • Electronic Spark Ignition
bench scale test to determine the • Control Unit with Safety
resistance of a single cable to a Interlocks and Gas and Air Flow
1kW flame application. Adjustment
• Diverter Panel with Gas and Air
The apparatus is supplied as a Mass Flow Controllers for
complete system incorporating all accurate and stable flow when a
the features necessary for ease of flame is detected.
use and safety. It conforms IEC
6033212 (test for flame
propagation) and IEC 6033213
(test for flaming droplets).
122
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Test Screen
Material Stainless steel
Internal dimensions (m) 0.3 (W) × 0.45 (D) × 1.2 (H)
Features Open front and closed top and bottom

Horizontal specimen supports
Burner 1 kW premixed burner in compliance with IEC 60695112
Burner positioning Adjustable from 90⁰ to 45⁰
Gas type Technical grade propane 95% minimum purity
Flash back arrestor Safety precaution fitted on burner
Control unit dimensions (m) 0.4 (W) × 0.24 (D) × 0.4 (H)
Diverter panel dimensions (m) 1.2 (W) × 0.17 (D) × 0.5 (H)
SERVICES
Gas supply Propane of 95% minimum purity at a pressure between 11.5 bar and flow rate up to 1 l/min
Air supply Pressure regulated clean, oilfree shop air at a pressure between 12 bar and flow rate up to 15 l/min
Extraction Draughtfree environment; laboratory fume hood or chamber of a minimum inside volume of 1.0m3
Power 230 VAC 50/60 Hz 13A for powering gas control unit and diverter assembly
Flame Spread
123
124
FTT_LIFT, IMO Spread of Flame Apparatus 2020 V2_2nd proof 03/06/2020 15:40 Page 125
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
LIFT, IMO Spread of

Flame Apparatus
(ISO 56582; IMO FTP Part 5; ASTM E1317; ASTM E1321)
Flame Spread
125
The Spread of Flame Apparatus is of the flame spread distance/time down selectors, check boxes and
an important test for comparing the history, the critical heat flux at switches.
performance of essentially flat extinguishment, the average heat
materials, composites or for sustained burning and the flame The Software has the following
assemblies, which are used front speed. features:
primarily as the exposed surfaces of 1. View of Transducer Signals
walls. Comparative test data is To meet the IMO specification a 2. Heat Release Rate Calibration
generated from measurement of stack is fitted complete with 3. Automatic File Naming
the lateral spread of flame along thermopile for estimating heat 4. Data Collection
the surface of a specimen of a release rate. The FTT Spread of 5. Data Presentation
product vertically orientated. The Flame Apparatus is supplied with all
specimen is subject to radiated necessary controls, flux meter and Features and Benefits
heat in the presence of a pilot specimen holder. The complete test
• The control panel is located on
flame. apparatus consists essentially of
the radiant panel frame. This
three main components, a radiant
incorporates all of the electrical
ISO 56582 and ASTM E1321 allow panel support framework and a
indicators and controls for daily
wider use of the test beyond specimen support framework which
use and connections for the
marine applications. The major are linked together to bring the test
computer.
differences between ISO 56582 specimen into the required
• Fitted to the rear of the radiant
and the IMO test are that configuration in relation to the
panel is a typeK thermocouple
ISO 56582 is limited in scope to radiant panel, and the specimen
which monitors the temperature
testing the spread of flame over holder, which carries the test
of the assembly. Should a
vertical specimens and does not specimen. The radiant heater
blowback occur in the chamber
include the stack for estimating system is fully automatic, with
of the radiant panel, the
heat release rate. spark ignition and safety interlocks.
temperature rise will be sensed
by the thermocouple and will cut
The FTT Spread of Flame Apparatus The IMO software out the gas supply to the unit.
uses a gasfired radiant heat panel
The FTT Spread of Flame Apparatus • The mass flow meter is used
with pilot flame ignition to ignite a
is a sophisticated instrument, during calibration of the stack
test specimen. Following ignition,
designed to make the calibration for heat release rate
any flame front which develops is
and use of the instrument very measurements. This can be
noted and a record is made of the
userfriendly. The IMOSoft software connected to the computer if
progression of the flame front
package acquires test data, assists supplied or a chart recorder.
horizontally along the length of the
with calibration routines and • The On/Off Controls for the
specimen in terms of the time it
automatically generates test Sample Pilot Flame, Radiant
takes to travel to various distances.
reports. Panel and Air Blower are located
The results are expressed in terms
along the lower edge of the
The software interfaces with the radiant panel frame.
IMO apparatus via a multichannel • User friendly IMOSoft software
A/D converter, into which all the package acquires test data,
required signals are connected. This assists with calibration routines
interface unit connects to the and automatically generates test
computer via a USB cable. reports. It allows for a more
efficient use of the instrument,
The user interface is a Microsoft leading to a larger daily
Windows based system with push throughput of testing and
button actions and standard enhanced quality data
Panel box assembly with reverberatory screen as
mounted in equipment test frame.
Windows data entry fields, drop presentation.
126
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Measuring principle Measurement of flame spread over a vertically orientated material subject to uniform radiant heat flux
Measurement of heat release rate using a calibrated thermopile system
Calibration burner The output from the mass flow meter is calibrated for 05V = 025slpm of methane gas
Software IMOSoft, Windows PC
Flux meter SchmidtBoelter heat flux meter for measuring the flux profile along the specimen
Dimensions 1600mm (W) × 900mm (D) × 1650mm (H excluding chimney)

A minimum ceiling height of 2400mm is required to accommodate chimney and extraction hood
A minimum floor space of 4m × 2m is required to allow for removal of calibration burner
SERVICES
Extraction A ceiling mounted fume exhaust system with a capacity of at least 0.5m3/s
Power 230 VAC at 50/60 Hz 10 Amp
Gas Radiant Panel requires Propane or Methane at least 4 Bar and a flow rate of up to 0.6g/s
Pilot Flame Acetylene gas at least 0.5 l/min at 1 bar (24.5 psi)
Calibration Burner Methane gas of at least 95% purity with a maximum flow of 25 l/min at a maximum pressure of 30 psi. (IMO Only) Not
supplied with ISO 56582
Air For the radiant panel an air flow up to 11g/s at 100psi is required
Water 200300 ml/min water flow through the heat flux meter at room temperature, i.e. 1530°C
Flame Spread
127
128
FTT_Flooring Radiant Panel 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:52 Page 129
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Flooring Radiant
Panel
(EN ISO 92391)
Flame Spread
129
FTT_Flooring Radiant Panel 2020 V2_2nd proof 26/05/2020 16:27 Page 130
EN ISO 92391: Reaction to fire test The FTT FRP Apparatus

Reaction to fire tests for requirements for The radiant heat is applied by
building products – flooring products means of a gasfuelled panel,
Horizontal surface spread of inclined at 30°, and directed at a
The European Construction
horizontally mounted floor covering
flame for floor coverings Products Regulatoin requires that
system specimen.
all European Member states use
ASTM E970: this test method as part of the
The radiant panel generates a
requirements needed to evaluate
Standard test method for reaction to fire performance for all
radiant energy flux distribution
critical radiant flux of ranging from a nominal maximum
flooring products. This test method
exposed attic floor of 10.9 kW/m2 to a minimum of
will eventually take precedence
1.0 kW/m2.
insulation using a radiant over national regulatory methods
heat energy source to classify most flooring products
A small stainless steel pilot burner
and will be required by all suppliers
aids in specimen ignition.
of flooring materials into the EU
NFPA 253: and neighbouring states adopting
Standard method of test for The distance burned until flameout
these regulations. The instrument
is reached is converted, by
critical radiant flux of floor also fulfils the equivalent test
calibration, into an equivalent
covering systems using a requirements of ASTM E648,
critical radiant flux, in kW/m2.
ASTM E970 and NFPA 253
radiant heat energy source
standards in the USA.
A smoke measuring system is
mounted on a separate frame at
The flooring radiant the exhaust stack.
panel (FRP) test
This flooring radiant panel is used Main Features
to measure the critical radiant flux
• Attached Control Rack for
of horizontally mounted floor
convenience in use, allowing
covering systems exposed to a
observation of the apparatus
flaming ignition source in a graded
during equipment setup and
radiant heat environment. It can
calibration.
also be used to measure this same
• Automatic ignition of the radiant
critical radiant flux for exposed attic
panel and safety cutout.
floor cellulose insulation.
• Data Analysis and Acquisition
Software.
• Hinged access to test area, via a
2 position door with observation
window and sliding platform.
• Stainless steel hood with smoke
measurement ports.
130
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Measuring Principle Surface spread of flame on flooring material exposed to radiant heat source
2
Heat Flux Range 1.0 kW/m210.9 kW/m
Specimen Dimensions 1050mm (L) × 230mm (W)
Instrument Dimensions (approximate) 1900mm (W) × 750mm (D) × 1900mm (H)
SERVICES
Test Room The FRP apparatus should be situated in a draught free environment at 23 ± 5°C and a relative humidity of 50 ± 20%.
Electrical Supply 230 VAC 50/60Hz, 12 Amps
Hood The apparatus should be situated under a suitable extraction system.
Gas Propane at a pressure of 2 bar with a calorific value of approximately 83MJ/m3 is required for the radiant panel and the pilot burner.
Compressed air at a pressure of 67 bar is required for the radiant panel.
Water Water at 1525°C is required for cooling the total heat flux meter.
Flame Spread
131
132
FTT_Radiant Panel Flame Spread Apparatus 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:53 Page 133
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Radiant Panel Flame

Spread Apparatus
(ASTM E162; ASTM D3675)
Flame Spread
133
ASTM E162, ASTM D3675: The Radiant Panel Flame Spread such that ignition is forced near its
Standard Test Method for Apparatus measures the surface upper edge and the flame front
flammability of building products progresses downward.
Surface Flammability of (ASTM E162) and cellular plastics
Materials Using a Radiant (ASTM D3675) by using a gasfired A factor derived from the rate of
Heat Energy Source radiant heat panel. It is intended to progress of the flame front and
measure and describe the another relating to the rate of heat
properties of materials, products, liberation by the material under
or assemblies in response to heat test is combined to provide a flame
and flame under controlled spread index.
laboratory conditions and the
results of this test may be used as The flame spread index, Is, of a
elements of a fire risk assessment specimen as the product of the
that takes into account all of the flame spread factor, Fs, and the
factors that are pertinent to an heat evolution factor, Q, as follows:
assessment of the fire hazard of a Is = FsQ
particular end use. An index, Is, is
determined from the flame spread FTT E162 Test
and heat evolution factors. This
Apparatus
radiant panel index is a required
The FTT Radiant Panel Flame
parameter in various specifications,
Spread apparatus is supplied as a
especially for the mass transit
complete easytouse system.
industry (buses and trains).
Features include:
The test is made on specimens of
small size that are representatives, • Porous cement and cast iron gas
operated radiant panel
to the extent possible, of the
(12" × 18") with electric spark
material or assembly being
igniter and automatic safety
evaluated. The rate at which flames
flame out detector.
will travel along surfaces depends
upon the physical and thermal • Stainless steel specimen holder,
with observation marks every
properties of the material, its
75mm (3") for assessing the
method of mounting and
progress of the flame front.
orientation, the type and level of
fire or heat exposure, the • Stainless steel specimen
support.
availability of air, and properties of
the surrounding enclosure. • Stainless steel pilot burner
assembly.
• Pyrometer to determine the
Summary of Test surface temperature of the
Method radiant panel, including
This test method of measuring mounting bracket.
surface flammability of materials • Air flow meter and gas control
employs a radiant heat source valve to control the mixture to
consisting of a 12" × 18" (300 × the radiant panel.
460mm) panel in front of which an • Stainless steel exhaust stack
inclined 6" × 18" (150 × 460mm) with a removable panel to
specimen of the material is placed. enable easy cleaning of
The orientation of the specimen is thermocouples.
134
FTT_Radiant Panel Flame Spread Apparatus 2020 V2_2nd proof 26/05/2020 16:25 Page 135
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
• The stack is provided with 8 The Status Panel displays the

thermocouples as required by signals from all the transducers (the
the standards. eight thermocouples in the stack
• Calibration burner with methane and the pyrometer) on the left to
gas flow meter. indicate when the stack
• Safety gas controls and cut off temperature and pyrometer meet
circuitry. the test criteria. On the right of the
• 1Data logger and analysis Status Panel is a stack calibration
software 162Soft. graph and the value of as used in
the calculation of the heat
162Soft Data Analysis evolution factor which is equal to
Heat Release Rate recorded for a
Software
change in temperature of 100°C.
This test apparatus is The calibration and test routines
complemented with the 162Soft are very easy to conduct by
software package to make the following the option menu on the
calibration and use of the 162Soft software.
instrument extremely easy.
Result processing is very simple by
162Soft is a Windows based using the available curve fit feature.
software which enables simple data The temperature rise Vs time graph Radiant Panel, Specimen Holder and
acquisition, analysis and storage via Exhaust Stack
can be displayed and printed. The
a 22bit data logger. All parameters calibration data used for processing
are displayed. The software the results can be changed and
interface can be retrofitted to any recalculated after the test run.
existing ASTM E162 apparatus. The Report can be generated and
versatile data logger may be used in printed by one push of a button on
other applications and is supplied the Print Report Panel.
with software that allows the data
stored in the logger to be
downloaded to a PC for further
analysis.
Flame Spread
Print Report Status Panel Gas Panel, Control Box and Data Logger
135
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
ASTM E162 Test Chamber
Overview Test frame consisting of steel frame and outer panels which hold the control panel and stack assembly
External dimensions 1.2m (L) × 0.6m (D) × 1.9m (H)
Exhaust Made from 1mm 304 stainless steel 8 type k thermocouples of equal resistance, supported with insulators
End formed to 0.020" (0.5mm) Diameter
Easy clean hatch
Exhaust flow rate 3085m3/min
Voltage 240VAC, 50/60Hz, 13A
Burner In compliance with ASTM E162 and ASTM D3675 manufactured from a porous refractory material
Burner dimensions 12 × 18" (300 × 450mm) mounted in a metal frame
Pyrometer Calibration pyrometer for confirmation of radiant panel output, meter 310°C, 600°C, 880°C, with 4m cable
Measurement range: +300°C +900°C
Response time: ≤2ms for T>+600°C
Analogue output: 420mA
Rugged stainless steel housing
Digital signal processing
Precision lens nonhygroscopic
Air/Gas flow meters Air Mass Flow Controller 010g/sec

Gas Mass Flow Controller 00.6g/sec
Powered via 15V 60W switch mode DC duel voltage power supply
4763Hz
Accuracy +/ 1%
Startup rise time <150ms
Shock 15g, 11ms
Ripple and Noise 50mV pkpk
Venturi Mixer Number 3 Air/Gas Venturi mixer
Pilot Burner Stainless Steel Burner 203229mm

ID 3.2mm
OD 4.8mm
Porcelain tube ID 5.16mm, OD 6.84mm
Methane flowmeter range 118L/min
Viton seals
Borosilicate glass tube
¼" Brass connections
Flash back arrestor Safety precaution
Ignition system Ceramic housed sparker powered by 230V ZT931 ignition device producing 15kV spark
Control system Solid state gas control system with PLC control
24V switch mode DC 10A duel voltage power supply
47 – 63Hz
Accuracy +/ 1%
Startup rise time <150ms
Shock 15g, 11ms
Ripple and noise 50mV pkpk
Thermocouple interlock safety system
MFC control voltage 5V DC 0100% FS via high precision control circuits
Adjustable 60600 L/min air flow meter
Gas solenoids 240VAC, 50/60Hz
Temperature alarm module:
• Sample rate 4Hz
• Accuracy +/ 0.25% of reading
• Linearization accuracy <0.1% of reading
136
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
SOFTWARE
162Soft Microsoft Windows based application that acquires test data and assists with several calibration routines
Data logger A 3slot cardcage with 6½ digit (22 bit) internal DMM enabling up to 120 singleended or 48 doubleended measurements
Scan rates up to 250 channels/s available
PCIeGPIB IEEE488 interface converts any PCI express bus PC into an instrumentation control and data acquisition system making any PC equipped
with a PCIe GPIB capable of controlling a GPIB instrument such as the Data logger with data transfer rates in excess of 300KB
Services Required
• A hood with exhaust blower placed over the stack is required
• Electrical power providing 230VAC, 50Hz, 13A
• Commercial grade propane, compressed air, acetylene gas, methane gas
Flame Spread
137
138
FTT_Thermal Acoustic Insulation Flame Propagation Apparatus 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:54 Page 139
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Thermal/Acoustic
Insulation Flame
Propagation Apparatus
(FAR Part 25 Appendix F Part VI; Airbus AITM 2.0053;
Boeing BSS 7365)
Flame Spread
139
FTT_Thermal Acoustic Insulation Flame Propagation Apparatus 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:54 Page 140
This test method is used to evaluate heat flux meter are displayed on a The chamber temperature is
the flammability and flame programmable LCD meter. monitored with a thermocouple
propagation characteristics of and displayed on a programmable
thermal/acoustic insulation when To ignite the specimen a propane LCD meter. The test duration is
exposed to both a radiant heat venturi pilot burner with an axially measured with a programmable
source and flame in a test chamber. asymmetric burner tip is moved electronic LCD timer.
back and forth from the outside of
The radiant heat is applied by the test chamber. Options include a:
means of an electric panel, inclined • User friendly software package
at 30°, and directed at a The electric panel and pilot burner that automatically configures a
horizontally mounted specimen. are located in a test chamber. The data acquisition unit. This user
The radiant panel generates a sides, ends and top of the chamber interface is a Microsoft Windows
radiant energy flux distribution are insulated with a fibrous ceramic based system with push button
ranging from a nominal maximum insulation. The front side has a high actions and standard Windows
of 1.0W/cm2 to a minimum of temperature, draft free observation data entry fields, drop down
0.1W/cm2, operating at window. Below the window is a selectors, check boxes and
temperatures up to 816°C. The flux sliding platform to enable the user switches.
is controlled with a thyristor power to easily insert either the • Stainless steel hood to collect
unit and measured with a 25.4mm calorimeter holding frame or the smoke gases.
cylindrical watercooled total heat specimen holding system (retaining • Smoke measurement system
flux density, foil type Gardon Gage. and securing frames).
The outputs from the thyristor and
Dimensions 1.9m (W) × 1.9m (H) × 0.75m (D)
Hood 2.5m (W) × 2.0m (H) × 1.4m (D)
SERVICES
Water 1525°C, 2.4bar (35 psi), 200300 ml/min.
Electrical 40A supply at 230VAC
Gas Commercial grade propane
Extraction system 3085m3/min
140
FTT_Roofing Tests for European Roofing Products 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:55 Page 141
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Roofing Tests for

European Roofing
Products
(ENV 1187 Test 1, 2, 3 and 4)
Flame Spread
141
This ENV 1187 describes The tests assess the fire spread external fire exposure. The test
four methods for across the external surface of the method incorporates burning
roof, the fire spread within the roof brands, wind and supplementary
determining the (Tests 1, 2 and 3), the fire radiant heat.
performance of roofs to penetration (tests 1, 3 and 4) and
external fire exposure. The the production of flaming droplets Main Frame
four methods assess the or debris falling from the underside In the ENV 1187 Test 3 Roofing Test,
performance of roofs under of the roof or from the exposed the test sample is placed on the
surface (tests 1, 3 and 4). Tests 2 Specimen Holder which lays on the
the following condition and 3 are not applicable to Lifting Bed as part of the Sample
geometrically irregular roofs or roof Assembly. The Specimen Holder can
Test 1 – with burning mounted appliances e.g. ventilators be tilted and supported on stands
brands and roof lights. in a 5° or 30° position depending on
the type of roof sample being
Test 2 – with burning The four tests listed above do not tested. The Sample Assembly is
imply any ranking order. Each test used to move the Sample into the
brands and wind
stands on its own without the correct position for testing. The
possibility to substitute or exchange height of the Sample Assembly can
Test 3 – with burning one for another. This document be adjusted by the electrically
brands, wind and provides information on powered lift table and it can be
supplementary radiant instrumentation of all four Tests wheeled into position between the
heat. that are available from FTT . Guide Rails. The Sample Alignment
Jig and a system of Stops are
Test 4 – with two stages ENV 1187 Test 3 – with provided to ensure the correct
position of the assembly.
incorporating burning burning brands, wind
brands, wind and and supplementary The Air Nozzle Blower Assembly is
supplementary radiant radiant heat. positioned behind the Sample
The ENV 1187 Test 3 Roofing Test is Assembly so that a uniform airflow
heat.
an instrument used to determine is applied over the surface of the
the performance of roofs to test sample. The air velocity is
established using the anemometer
according to the requirements
The Main Frame on the left includes

Radiant Panel Assembly, 4 Flexible Gas
Burner Hoses, Sparker Box, Guide Rails
and Guide Rails Extensions. On the right is
a Dual Diverter Stand and Control Box
Assembly.
142
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
detailed in the standard. The and supplementary radiant heat.

volume flow rate of the blower is Similar to ENV 1187 Test 3 it is also
controlled via the Touch Screen used to determine the performance
interface on the Diverter Stand. of roofs to external fire exposure.
The Radiant Panel Assembly In the ENV 1187 Test 4 Roofing Test,
(mounted on the Main Frame) the test sample is placed in a
provides the supplementary radiant Sample Holder which is placed on
heat source directed onto the the Specimen Cover and an air seal
surface of the test sample. The is created. The Specimen Cover can
Radiant Panel can be tilted to be tilted and supported at an angle
provide the 5° or 30° position and of 45° or horizontal depending on
consists of four surface combustion the type of roof sample being
heaters which are independently tested. The underside of the sample
controlled from the Dual Diverter can be viewed during the test
Assembly and Control Box. The air through the viewing window in the
and gas flow to each burner can be Specimen Cover which is mounted
adjusted to provide an incident on the Sample Trolley Assembly to
radiant heat flux distribution in move the Sample into the correct
accordance with the standard (such position for testing. The height of
that the heat flux meters each
measure 12 ± 0.5 kW/m² at the The Main Frame includes:
centre and 10 ± 0.5 kW/m² at the 1. Radiant Panel
2. Sample Holder with Calibration Assembly
four locations on the major axes).
3. Specimen Cover with Suction Box Assembly
4. Viewing Window
The Calibration Assembly Trolley 5. Guide Rails
contains the Calibration Element 6. Sample Trolley
7. Sparker Box (not shown)
holding the five Heat Flux Meters.
8. 4 Flexible Gas Burner Hoses (not shown)
The Calibration Element is tilted to 1
the 5° or 30° position and
supported on the arms of the
2
trolley. The Assembly is wheeled
into position between the 3
calibration guide rails. The Heat 4
Flux Meters are supplied with water
via a manifold mounted on the
Flame Spread
assembly.
ENV 1187 Test 4 – with

two stages
incorporating burning 5
brands, wind and
supplementary radiant
heat.
The ENV 1187 Test 4 Roofing Test is 6
a two stage test method
incorporates burning brands, wind
143
the Sample Trolley can be adjusted. provides the ‘supplementary Touch Screen Interface
The Sample Alignment Jig and a radiant heat’ source directed onto
and Control System for
system of Stops are provided to the surface of the test sample. The
reach the correct position. Radiant Panel can be tilted and Test 3 and Test 4
supported at an angle of 45° or The instrument is controlled using
The Burner Wand Assembly is used horizontal. The Radiant Panel the supplied Touch Screen interface
as the ‘burning brand’. The brand consists of four surface combustion and Control System. This system
comprises a simulated town gas heaters which are individually provides safety interlocking to
flame. controlled from the Dual Diverter ensure the four gas burners which
Assembly and Control Box. The air form the Radiant Panel can be
The Suction Box Assembly is and gas flow to each burner can be operated in a safe and controlled
connected to the Specimen Cover adjusted to provide an incident manner. All operations are
with a Suction Hose to simulate the radiant heat flux distribution such conducted through the Touch
effect of ‘wind’. A pressure that the heat flux meters each Screen with the exception of the
reduction on the underside of the measure 12 ±1.5 kW/m². Blower Motor Reset and the 2
sample is established and Emergency Stops.
controlled using the Inclined Tube The Calibration Assembly contains
Manometer and Speed Controller the Calibration Element holding the
Assembly mounted on the Dual four Heat Flux Meters. The
Diverter Stand. There is also a blow Assembly is contained on a Sample
out panel on the other side of the Holder which rests on the
Specimen Cover. Specimen Cover. The Heat Flux
Meters are supplied with water via
The Radiant Panel Assembly a Manifold mounted on the
(mounted on the Main Frame) assembly.
Dual Diverter Assembly and Control Box
144
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
The FTT ENV 1187 Roofing Tests consist of:

TEST 1
300 mm × 300 mm × 200 mm open basket made from 3 mm diameter mild steel wire mesh
Balance
Timing Device
TEST 2
Steel Air Channels with Fans and Dampers
Crib Ignition Stand with Flow meter
Balance
Stopwatch
Air Velocity Anemometer
TEST 3
Main Frame incl. Radiant Panel Assembly, 4 Flexible Gas Burner Hoses, Sparker Box, Guide Rails and Guide Rails Extensions
Sample Holder Trolley Assembly
Calibration Assembly
Dual Diverter Stand and Control Box Assembly with full colour touchscreen control
30° and 5° Support Assemblies
Air Nozzle Assembly and Blower Frame Assembly
Calibration Guide Rails
Sample Alignment Jig
Buffer Stop Assembly and 2 Buffer Locking Plates
TEST 4
Main Frame incl. Radiant Panel Assembly, 4 Flexible Gas Burner Hoses, Sparker Box and Guide Rails
Sample Trolley Assembly including Specimen Cover and Sample Holder
Calibration Assembly
Dual Diverter Stand and Control Box Assembly with full colour touchscreen control
Flame Spread
Sample Holders (each is supplied with 4 Sample Holder Edge Boards)
Suction Fan Assembly
Suction Hose
Burner Wand Assembly
Sample Alignment Jig
Buffer Stop and 2 Buffer Locking Plates
145
SERVICES
Electrical Power
Control Box 230 VAC at 50/60 Hz 6 Amp
Fan Test 2: Consult FTT for details

Test 3: 3PH 380480 VAC at 50/60 Hz 16 Amp
Test 4: 230 VAC at 50/60 Hz 6 Amp
Scissor Lift Table Test 3: 230 VAC at 50/60 Hz 13 Amp
Extraction System
Test 1 & 2: Suitable extraction system is required, consult FTT for details.
Test 3 & 4: An exhaust system of 3.5 m3/sec with a duct diameter of 400mm and adjustable flow is recommended.
Hood Size (recommended) Test 3: 3m × 8m, stainless steel

Test 4: 3m × 3m, stainless steel
Gas Supply
Test 2, 3 & 4: Commercial propane 95% minimum purity is used to supply the four radiant panels.
Test 3 & 4: The required supply pressure is 34 bar (43.558 psi) with a suitable pressure regulator.
Compressed Air Supply
Test 2: Suitable air supply is required, consult FTT for details.
Test 3 & 4: The air supply is used to supply the four radiant panels. The required supply pressure is 67 bar (87101 psi) with a suitable pressure regulator.
Water Supply
Water at 1525°C is required for cooling the heat flux meters.

A pressure of approximately 2.4 bar (35 psi) is recommended at a low flow rate 200300 ml/min.
Interface Cables Please refer to instrument instruction manual for detailed requirement.
Brand FTT do not supply any brands, please refer to standard ENV 1187 for detailed requirement.
146
FTT_Mass Loss Calorimeter V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:56 Page 147
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Mass Loss Calorimeter

(EN ISO 13927; EN ISO 17554)
Ignitability
147
Mass Loss Calorimeter – rates that are not so closely linked • Control Unit
to heat release rates. • Flux Meter
Simple Heat Release
• MLCCalc Software
Test Using a Conical Such products need to be tested in • Methane Calibration Burner
Radiant Heater accordance with ISO 56601 for (optional)
The test method is used to assess correct assessment of heat release. • Chimney with Thermopile
the mass loss rate of a product (optional)
under test conditions. The FTT Mass Loss
International Standards ISO 13927 Calorimeter Use of this instrument under a
and ISO 17554 specify this method suitable hood enables the user to
The FTT Mass Loss Calorimeter
for assessing the mass loss rate of carry out thermal exposure studies,
consists of a complete fire model
essentially flat specimens exposed under the same precise exposure
from the Cone Calorimeter. It is an
in the horizontal orientation to conditions as those used in the
economical solution for those
controlled levels of radiant heating Cone Calorimeter, whilst visibly
working to a limited budget and
with an external igniter under well observing the specimen reaction
with a major interest in ignitability
ventilated conditions. and measuring the mass change.
and mass loss work.
A flue containing a thermopile can
The mass loss rate is determined by also be added to the unit. Once
The apparatus consists of:
measurement of the specimen calibrated using a methane burner
• Conical Radiant Heater
mass and is derived numerically. the thermopile output can be used
• Thermocouples
The time to ignition (sustained to quantify heat release.
• Water Cooling Collar
flaming) is also measured in this
• Heater Shutter Assembly
test. Mass loss rate can be used as
• Spark Igniter Features and Benefits
an indirect measure of heat release
• Specimen Holder • Fire Model meets the
rate for many products. However,
• Load Cell specification of the ISO 5660
some products, e.g. those with high
• Cold Plate (optional) Cone Calorimeter.
water content, will have mass loss
1
1. Conical Radiant Heater with Thermocouples
2. Heat Shutter and Spark Igniter
2 3. Specimen Holder
4. Load Cell and Base Plate
3 5. Control Unit
148
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
• Fire Model manufactured from • Eurotherm temperature peak heat release rate (if
stainless steel for long life. controller for ramp and control thermopile fitted). If the specific
• 3 Control Thermocouples for the of cone heater. equipment is fitted then graphs of
cone heater to maintain • Load Cell controller with weight mass, heat release rate and
accurate heat flux. ranging facility to improve thermopile output are displayed. It
• The special FTT split shutter performance to suit weight of also shows the total test time
mechanism is designed to sample (0500 g). (including the baseline time), the
reduce the radiated heat from • Fire Model and Controller test time (the time that the
affecting the sample support designed to be assembled in the specimen has been exposed to the
system and more importantly FTT Cone frame for upgrading to heat from the cone heater) and the
allowing time after the sample is a full Cone Calorimeter at a later recorded times to ignition and
positioned on the load cell stage if required. flameout.
before the test is started. The
shutter is permanently in place MLCCalc Software When the test is finished comments
on the apparatus and is about the test and the observations
The FTT Mass Loss Calorimeter is a
operated using a simple lever for any events marked during the
sophisticated instrument and in
which opens the shutter test can be entered. Also the
order to make the calibration and
symmetrically from the centre. ignition and flameout times can be
use of the instrument extremely
• The FTT spark assembly is edited if required.
easy, the MLCCalc software package
manually inserted into position
is specially designed to
using a lever mechanism. This is The results from a test or heat
complement the instrument.
used in conjunction with the release rate calibration can be
MLCCalc is a powerful, yet easy to
shutter mechanism. The viewed and reports printed by
use, Microsoft Windows based
sequence of operation is such simply pressing the Print Report
application which allows the user to
that the electrodes can be button.
perform most operations required
positioned above the sample
on the apparatus with the aid of a
with the shutter closed. At the
computer. It assists with calibration
start of a test the operator
routines, acquires test data and
opens the shutter lever which, in
produces test reports.
turn, automatically starts the
spark sequence. Microswitches
The Main panel is used to access all
are fitted to the spark arm and
the functions available in MLCCalc
the shutter mechanism for safe
software:
operation.
• Start Test
• Sample weight measurement is
• Status Main Panel of MLCCalc
by a strain gauge load cell with
• Load Cell Calibration
quick electronic tare facility. The
• Heat Flux
weight of the sample holder is
• HRR Calibration
zeroed electronically on
• HRR Check
touching a button.
• Print Report
• The load cell is housed in an
Ignitability
• Configure
enclosed case to reduce the
• About
effect of temperature change.
• Exit
• Control unit is supplied in its
Test Run Panel of MLCCalc
own case with switches for
The Test Run panel shows the
power, ignition, load cell and
readings from the transducers in
cone heater.
real time, the heat release rate and
149
Truncated Conical Heater and Spark Igniter
Element 5kW electrical heating element
Heat flux Up to 75100kW/m2 Heat shield Placed between the cone heater and specimen
Spark igniter 10kV spark generator with 3.0mm spark gap located 13mm above the centre of the specimen
Specimen Holder and Weighing Device
Specimen Holder A square pan 106mm × 106mm at the top, and a height of 25mm, constructed from stainless steel
Retainer edge frame A stainless steel frame with inside dimension 111mm x 111mm, and opening of 94mm × 94mm
Sample size 100mm × 100mm
Sample thickness Up to 50mm
Load cell Total capacity up to 5.0kg

Specimen capiticy up to 500g
Resolution 0.1g
SERVICES
Electric 220240VAC/1ph/50Hz for control unit

220240VAC/1ph/50Hz/32A for cone heater
Water Low pressure water 250kPa (35psi) supply
150
FTT_FAA Micro Calorimeter 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:57 Page 151
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
FAA Micro
Calorimeter
(ASTM D7309)
Ignitability
151
Accurate and cost effective The FTT Micro Calorimeter was Software
micro calorimetry using a developed in cooperation with the
The FTT Micro Calorimeter is
Federal Aviation Administration
Pyrolysis Combustion Flow (FAA). It determines fundamental
supplied with a Microsoft Windows
Calorimeter (PCFC) based data acquisition and analysis
thermochemical data in seconds
software with an intuitive user
ASTM D7309 and predicts fire properties of
interface using standard Windows
materials.
data entry fields, drop down
selectors, check boxes and
The technique enables parameters
switches.
such as Specific Heat Release Rate
(W/g), Heat of Combustion (J/g)
The software enables:
and Ignition Temperature (°C) to be
• The instrument status to be
quickly determined from very small
shown
(15mg) specimens. It is a low cost
• Calibration of the instrument
and accurate technique; typical
and storage of calibration results
repeatability is ± 5%.
• Collection of data generated
during a test
Micro Calorimeter data has been
• Calculating the required
shown to correlate with fire test
parameters
data (Cone Calorimeter, OSU),
• Presenting the results in a
flammability results (LOI, UL94) and
manner approved by the
combustion tests (Bomb
Standard
Calorimeter) and is therefore seen
as a powerful, low cost tool to
assess and predict flammability Features and Benefits
properties. • Ability to generate quantitative
results in minutes
The FTT Micro Calorimeter uses the • Automatic control of
same oxygen consumption temperature and gas flow rates
calorimetry technique used in our • Small sample size (15mg)
bench and room scale calorimeters. • Over temperature protection of
The specimen is first heated at a both furnaces
constant rate of temperature rise • Removable rear cover to access
(typically 1°C/s) in a pyrolyser and all serviceable parts such as the
the degradation products are Fuel Cell for ease of
purged from the pyrolyser by an maintenance
inert gas (nitrogen). The gas stream • Dual voltage 96264VAC,
is mixed with oxygen and enters a 5060Hz (No need to switch)
combustor at 900°C where the
decomposition products are
completely oxidised. Oxygen
concentrations and flow rates of
the combustion gases are used to
determine the oxygen consumption
involved in the combustion process
and the heat release rates are
determined from these
measurements.
152
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Measuring Principle Pyrolysis Combustion Flow Calorimetry
Combustor operating temperature range 25 to 1000°C
Heating rate 0.4 to 4°C/s
Sample size 1 to 5mg
Detection limit 5mW
Repeatability ± 5% (1 mg sample)
Dimensions 1050mm (H) × 350mm (W) × 550mm (D)
Built in accordance with EMC 89/336/EEC, LVD 72/23/EEC, BS EN 602041, BS EN 7462
SERVICES
Gas supply Pressure regulated Nitrogen (oxygen free) at approximately 2 bar

Pressure regulated Oxygen at approximately 2 bar
Power Dual voltage 96264VAC 10A, 50/60Hz
Extraction Fume cupboard or extraction system capable of extracting a volume flow of 100cc/min
Scales With a capacity of 250 mg or greater and a sensitivity of 0.01mg, to weigh specimens or containers, or both.
Drierite Drierite is required to remove the water from the sample.

Ignitability
153
154
FTT_Large Scale Mattress Fire Test 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:59 Page 155
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Large Scale Mattress

Fire Test
(CA TB 603; 16 CFR Part 1633)
Ignitability
155
FTT_Large Scale Mattress Fire Test 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 08:59 Page 156
Recently the California Bureau of The Console contains all the

Home Furnishings and the necessary instrumentation to
Consumer Product Safety measure heat release rates and
Commission determined that all other associated parameters.
residential mattresses to be sold in The specification of this
the US must meet a large scale heat instrumentation is the same for
release test based on the dual both large and small scale
burner shown here. FTT can offer calorimeters and can therefore also
the complete instrumentation to be conveniently disconnected and
clients wishing to upgrade existing used with the FTT Cone
fire test facilities or to build their Calorimeter. The duct section
own test apparatus. In the later contains probes for gas sampling
case FTT supplies a variety of and air velocity measurement along
modules, including a Gas Analysis with smoke measurement
Instrumentation Console, a duct equipment (white light or laser).
section, a burner, a load cell and
software/data acquisition.
156
FTT_Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 10:32 Page 157
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter
(ISO 1716)
Ignitability
157
EN ISO 1716: The bomb calorimeter is a widely generated from several applications
Reaction to fire tests for used device for measuring the heat and has been designed to conform
of combustion or calorific value of a to current ASTM, ISO, EN, BS and
building products – material. With this apparatus a test DIN standards.
Determination of the heat specimen of specified mass is
of combustion burned under standardised • Building materials (EN ISO 1716)
conditions. The heat of combustion • Coal, coke (ASTM D5865)
ISO 1928: determined under these conditions • Fuel (ASTM D240: gasoline,
is calculated on the basis of the kerosene, fuel oil, Nos. 1D and
Determination of gross
measured temperature rise while 2D diesel fuel and Nos. 0GT,
calorific value by the bomb taking account of heat loss. 1GT, and 2GT gas turbines fuels
calorimetric method and and ISO 1928)
calculation of net calorific The combustion process is initiated • Fuel derived from waste
value inside an atmosphere of oxygen in a material (ASTM E711)
constant volume container, the • Hydrocarbon fuels
bomb, which is a vessel built to (ASTM D4809)
ASTM D240:
withstand high pressures. It is • Food, supplements, crops
Standard test method for immersed in a stirred water bath, • Waste and refuse
heat of combustion of liquid and the whole device is the
hydrocarbon fuels by bomb calorimeter vessel. The calorimeter The Oxygen Bomb
calorimeter vessel is also immersed in an outer
Calorimeter consists of:
water bath. The water temperature
in the calorimeter vessel and that of • Measuring cell
ASTM D4809: the outer bath are both monitored. • Decomposition vessel
Standard test method for • Oxygen filling station
heat of combustion of liquid The Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter is a • Consumables for calibrations
and installation
hydrocarbon fuels by bomb versatile instrument and can be
calorimeter used to measure the heat
ASTM D5468:
7
Standard test method for
gross calorific and ash value
of waste materials
6
ASTM D5865:
1
Standard test method for 5
gross calorific value of coal

4
and coke
ASTM E711:
Standard test method for 3
1 Stirrer
gross calorific value of 2 Calorimeter bomb
3 Jacket
refusederived 4 Calorimeter vessel
5 Platinum resistance
thermometer, PRT
2 6 Ignition lead
7 Jacket lid
158
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Calorimeter type Isoperibolic
Range of measurement 40,000 J
Reproducibility (1g benzoic acid) ≤0.1%
Temperature measurement resolution 0.0001°C
Working temperature max. 25°C
Oxygen operating pressure 30 bar
Measuring time approx. 17 min
Ambient temperature 2025°C
Ambient humidity 80%
Interfaces 1 × serial (RS 232); 1 × parallel (Centronics)
Dimensions (W × D × H) 400 × 400 × 400 mm
Weight 21 kg
Voltage 100240 VAC, 50/60 Hz
Power input 120 W
Ignitability
159
160
FTT_The Single Flame Source Test 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:00 Page 161
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
The SingleFlame
Source Test
(EN ISO 119252)
Ignitability
161
EN ISO 119252: The test is required as part of the Product Classification

Reaction to fire for tests – European construction products
The European Construction
regulation classification of reaction
Ignitability of building to fire performance for wall and
Products Regulation classification
products subjected to direct criteria for all building products, has
roofing products and floor
performance classes from AF.
impingement of flame – coverings. “The Single Flame
Although other tests are required
Part 2: Singleflame source Source Test” (Ignitability Apparatus)
for assessment, the single flame
test. is built in accordance with
source apparatus is needed for
EN ISO 119252.
qualifying all types of construction
products to classes B, C, D and E.
Full classification and performance
criteria can be found in a separate
The classification criteria for each
FTT document “New European
product group are shown in the
Fire Testing Classification
tables below.
EN ISO 119252: Reaction to fire
for Construction Products.”
CLASSIFICATION FOR CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS EXCLUDING FLOORINGS
Class Classification Criteria Additional Classification Other Test Method
B Fs ≤ 150mm within 60s (Exposure = 30s) Smoke production and Flaming droplets/particles EN 13823
C Fs ≤ 150mm within 60s (Exposure = 30s) Smoke production and Flaming droplets/particles EN 13823
D Fs ≤ 150mm within 60s (Exposure = 30s) Smoke production and Flaming droplets/particles EN 13823
E Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s (Exposure = 15s) Flaming droplets/particles –
CLASSIFICATION FOR FLOORING PRODUCTS
Bfl Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s (Exposure = 15s) Smoke production EN ISO 92391
Cfl Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s (Exposure = 15s) Smoke production EN ISO 92391
Dfl Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s (Exposure = 15s) Smoke production EN ISO 92391
Efl Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s (Exposure = 15s) – –
CLASSIFICATION FOR LINEAR PIPE THERMAL INSULATION PRODUCTS
BL Fs ≤ 150mm within 60s (Exposure = 30s) Smoke production and Flaming droplets/particles EN 13823
CL Fs ≤ 150mm within 60s (Exposure = 30s) Smoke production and Flaming droplets/particles EN 13823
DL Fs ≤ 150mm within 60s (Exposure = 30s) Smoke production and Flaming droplets/particles EN 13823
EL Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s (Exposure = 15s) Flaming droplets/particles –
162
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
The FTT Ignitability

Apparatus
EN ISO 119252 is based on the
Kleinbrenner method for
determining ignitability of building
products in the vertical orientation
by direct small flame impingement
under zero impressed irradiance.
The FTT Ignitability Apparatus is

supplied as a complete easytouse
system incorporating safety
features. It has large front and side
doors for easy access. These are
glazed with toughened glass for full
view of the specimen during a test.
Fully Adjustable Burner

An extensively adjustable burner
assembly, mounted on runners
enables the small premixed flame
to be tilted at an angle of 45° to the
specimen and offered to it in one Fully Adjustable Burner
fluid movement.
A fully adjustable specimen support

frame facilitates lateral and vertical
movement of the specimen holder
so that the flame can be applied at
the correct position for either
surface exposure or edge exposure.
Specimen Holder
The specimen holders are capable
of housing the specimens up to and
including 60 mm thick. The FTT
ignitability apparatus is supplied
with one specimen holder. Optional Specimen Holders
extras: multilayered and loose fill
materials.
Ignitability
163
Accurate
Measuring Principle Ignitability from small flame source
Measurement
Cabinet Dimensions (exterior) 700mm (W) × 400mm (D) × 800mm (H)
A digital anemometer/
thermometer and a stopwatch System Dimensions 1500mm (W) × 1200mm (D) × 900mm (H)
are incorporated for simple Sample holder Standard holder and options for multilayer and loose fill materials
but accurate measurement of Anemometer ± 0.1 m/s accuracy
the flow, temperature and Stopwatch Accuracy better than 1 second in 60 minutes
time.
SERVICES
Test Room The ignobility apparatus should be situated in a draught free

environment at 23 ± 5°C and a relative humidity of 50 ± 20%.
Gas Supply A supply of natural gas of minimum 95% purity. In order to obtain
flame stability the gas pressure shall be between 10kPa and 50kPa.
Hood The combustion chamber should be situated under a suitable

extraction system.
Other Euroclass Test Methods

Detailed product catalogues are also available for:
• Single Burning Item
EN 13823 Reaction to fire tests for building products excluding floorings exposed to thermal attack by a single
• Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
EN ISO 1716 Reaction to fire tests for building products – Determination of the heat of combustion.
• Non Combustibility Apparatus
EN ISO 1182 Reaction to fire tests for building products – Non combustibility test.
• Flooring Radiant Panel
EN ISO 92391 Reaction to fire tests for building products – Horizontal surface spread of flame for floor
coverings.
164
FTT_Non Combustibility Apparatus 2020 V2_4th proof 09/06/2020 19:24 Page 165
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
NonCombustibility
Apparatus
(EN ISO 1182; ASTM E2652; IMO FTPC Part 1)
Ignitability
165
FTT_Non Combustibility Apparatus 2020 V2_2nd proof 01/06/2020 19:05 Page 166
EN ISO 1182: This apparatus determines the non How the non
Reaction to fire tests for combustibility performance, under
combustibility
specific conditions, of homogenous
building products – products and substantial apparatus is used to
Noncombustibility test components of nonhomogeneous classify products
building products. This test is part The European Construction
of the requirements of the Products Regulation classification
European construction products criteria for all building products, has
regulation classification of reaction performance classes from AF.
to fire performance for wall lining Although another test is required
and roofing products and floor for assessment, the non
coverings. Full classification and combustibility apparatus is needed
performance criteria can be found for qualifying all types of
in a separate document “Reaction construction products to the
to fire instruments for testing highest performance criteria –
according to New European Fire A1 and A1fl (noncombustible).
Testing and Classification for
Construction Products.” The classification criteria are shown
in the table below. This principally
applies to nonorganic materials.
Classification for construction products excluding floorings
CLASS TEST METHODS CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA OTHER TEST METHODS
A1, A1fl EN ISO 1182 ΔT ≥ 30°C: and EN ISO 1716

Δm ≥ 50%; and
tf = 0 (i.e. no sustained flaming)
166
FTT_Non Combustibility Apparatus 2020 V2_3rd proof 02/06/2020 19:34 Page 167
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
The FTT NonCombustibility Apparatus

The FTT system has been designed Software and then a report for the test
with accuracy and longevity in specimen can be generated.
The ‘NonComb’ software is a
mind. The apparatus is safeguarded
Microsoft Windows based
to ensure that the heater element The test report shows the material
application with simple push button
cannot be damaged during the information, the initial, maximum
actions, data entry fields, check
heating cycle if the electrical and final temperatures, the
boxes and other standard Windows
current is too high. The benefits of required temperature rises, the
operations.
this system over traditional variac total flaming time, the mass loss
systems are: soft start, ramp rate, (actual and as a percentage of the
The operator can monitor
power limit and over temperature initial mass) and a graph of the
temperatures on a Status panel
prevention. This design also helps recorded temperatures against
before performing a test without
to considerably extend the life of time. The test report also includes a
recording any data. Before a test,
the furnace. reference to the passfail criteria
the specimen information (material
given in the appropriate Standards
name, density, mass, laboratory
Special Tube Furnace name, etc.) is entered into the
and states whether the specimen
meets these criteria.
Manufactured from steel with a computer and saved to a file.
painted black finish. This single
All the test data is saved to the hard
zone furnace has a maximum During a test, the temperature of
disk as an ASCII file which can then
operating temperature of 900°C. the furnace, specimen surface and
be imported into spreadsheets for
The furnace is easily replaceable specimen centre thermocouples are
additional analysis.
during maintenance and servicing recorded at a rate of 2 Hz (i.e. every
procedures. The furnace and 0.5 seconds) and the temperatures
stabilising cone are held in a frame displayed on a graph in real time.
which also includes the specimen
holder support and viewing mirror. The status of the furnace
stabilisation (temperature, drift and
Two furnaces are available – one deviation) is shown on the test
which meets the requirements of screen so that the user knows when
ISO 1182: 2020 where there are it is possible to start a valid test.
two furnace thermocouples and
one which meets the previous Also the initial, maximum and final
version of ISO 1182 and other temperatures recorded by the
international standards (with only thermocouples are displayed during
one furnace thermocouple). the test run. The end of test criteria
is determined by the computer
Instrumentation software based on the drift of the
A 19" instrument case houses all furnace thermocouple(s), so the
the instrumentation. This unit user knows when a test can be
Ignitability
features a temperature controller, stopped in order for it to be valid.

an overtemperature alarm and a
power controller, which control the After the test, the user is prompted
furnace temperature at 750°C, to enter any comments about the
compensating for supply voltage material performance, the total
fluctuations and displaying the time of sustained flaming and the
power being supplied to the final mass. The appropriate
furnace. temperature rises are calculated
167
FTT_Non Combustibility Apparatus 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:01 Page 168
Measuring Principle Single zone furnace with threeterm (PID) control and power control
Alarm Over temperature alarm included as standard
Standard Operating Temperature Furnace thermocouple = 750°C
Furnace Tube Dimensions Inner diameter: 75 mm height: 150 mm
Instrument Dimensions (approximate) 400mm (W) × 400mm (D) × 1800mm (H)
Software NonComb included as standard (Windows PC required)
SERVICES
Test Room The noncombustibility apparatus should be situated in a draught free environment at 23 ± 5°C and a relative humidity of 50 ± 20%.
Electrical Supply 230 VAC, 12 Amps
Hood The apparatus should be situated under a suitable extraction system.
Other Euroclass Tests

Detailed product catalogues are also available for:
• Single Burning Item
EN 13823 Reaction to fire tests for building products excluding floorings exposed to thermal attack by a single
• Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
EN ISO 1716 Reaction to fire tests for building products
– Determination of the heat of combustion.
• Ignitability Apparatus
– Ignitability of building products subjected to direct impingement of flame.
• Flooring Radiant Panel
– Horizontal surface spread of flame for floor coverings.
168
FTT Oxygen Index and Elevated Temperature Oxygen Index 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:02 Page 169
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Oxygen Index
(ISO 45892; ASTM D2863)
ElevatedTemperature
Oxygen Index
(ISO 45893)
Ignitability
169
ASTM D2863: Determination of The ElevatedTemperature Oxygen

Standard test method for Index module (TOI) is used
Flammability by Oxygen
alongside the OI to determine the
measuring the minimum Index oxygen index at temperatures up to
oxygen concentration to The FTT Oxygen Index (OI) measures 125°C. Research shows that the
support candlelike the minimum percentage of oxygen elevated temperature at which the
combustion of plastics in a test atmosphere that is required materials will burn in air is a better
to marginally support combustion. determinant of combustibility than
(oxygen index)
The OI is an economical and precise is the conventional oxygen index.
quality control test of combustible Oxygen Index values fall when the
ISO 45892: materials. Its ease of use together gas temperatures are increased.
Plastics with high levels of precision has
– Determination of burning made this technique a primary Elevated test temperatures are set
behaviour by oxygen characterising and quality control by adjustment of the preheated
tool to the plastic and electric cable gas temperature levels and setting
index industries and it has been specified the heated glass furnace wall
– Part 2: Ambient by several military and transport temperature. The temperatures of
temperature test groups. both heated sections are
continuously displayed on the TOI
ISO 45893: The FTT apparatus enables the control unit. When experiments are
oxygen index to be determined in being carried out using different
Plastics
accordance with ASTM D2863, oxygen levels, gas conservation is
– Determination of burning ISO 4589 Part 2 or the UK Naval achieved by using air from an
behaviour by oxygen Engineering Standard NES 714. integral quiet running pump
index between tests. Bottled nitrogen and
– Part 3: Elevated The OI features: oxygen supplies are only switched
temperature test • New Paramagnetic Oxygen Cell into the system for testing.
for assessing accurate oxygen
(< 0.1%) levels The FTT apparatus enables the
NES 714 and NES 715: oxygen index at elevated
• Compact unit for efficient use
UK naval engineering temperature to be determined in
inside a laboratory hood, with
standards ventilation accordance with ISO 4589 Part 3 or
• Automatic flow control gives the UK Naval Engineering Standard
oxygen level adjustment by NES 715.
turning one single valve
• Quick loading of test specimen The TOI features:
into chimney • Test temperature to 400°C
• Digital display of oxygen • Digital display of sample
percentage in atmosphere temperature
during test (no calculations • Digital display of column and
needed) preheater temperatures
• Digital display of temperature of • Transparent radiant heated test
gas mixture entering the test column
chimney • Highly efficient gas preheater
• Sample holders for both rigid • Air pump to conserve oxygen
and flexible samples supplied and nitrogen supply during
• Shortened gas path for rapid standby period
response • Propane ignition source
• Compact design
170
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
The FTT OI and TOI have been

designed to be compact for
efficient use in a standard fume Oxygen Index
cupboard (or under a simple Measuring principle Paramagnetic cell (accurate to <0.1% concentration by
ventilation hood that can be volume)
supplied if required). The Digital readout for oxygen concentration 0.1% resolution
instruments give continuous digital Dimensions (mm) 350 (W) × 370 (D) × 280 (H)
readout of oxygen concentration in
Column size (mm) 75 or 100 (dia) × 450(H)
the test atmosphere to facilitate
Weight 17 kg (approx)
quick settings of test concentration.
Stabilised oxygen percentages are
automatically read from the digital
readout and no additional flow SERVICES
adjustments are required.
Power 230V 50/60Hz 1A or 110V 60Hz 2A
This is a considerable improvement Gas supply Bottled O2, N2 and Propane or methane (depending on
the Standard)
over systems that use analogue
Extraction hood Extraction rate of at least 50l/s
gauges or require flow matching
and the use of graphs or tables to
calculate oxygen concentration.
ElevatedTemperature Oxygen Index
Measuring principle Radiant heated glass furnace tube
Dimensions (mm) 350 (W) × 370 (D) × 280 (H)
Column size (mm) 160 max (dia) × 570 (H)
Weight 20 kg (approx)
Power 230V 50/60Hz 10A
SERVICES
Gas supply Bottled O2, N2 and Propane
Extraction hood Extraction rate of at least 50l/s
A standard Oxygen Index is required to operate alongside the TOI

Due to FTT’s continuous development policy, specification is liable to change without prior notice
Ignitability
171
172
FTT_UL 94 Chamber 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:05 Page 173
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
UL 94 Chamber
Ignitability
173
UL 94: The UL 94 tests are conducted on FTT UL 94 Test

Tests for Flammability of plastic materials to measure
Apparatus
flammability characteristics, giving
Plastic Materials for Parts in a preliminary indication of their The apparatus is supplied as a
Devices and Appliances suitability for a particular complete system incorporating all
application. the features necessary for ease of
use and safety.
FTT provides the complete solution
for reliable testing for all UL 94 It conforms to all five UL 94
classifications in a robust, easy to horizontal and vertical Bunsen
use instrument. The tests burner tests and associated
determine 12 flame classifications international standards. These are:
of materials for specific • Horizontal Burning Test; UL 94
applications: HB (ASTM D635, IEC 6069511
10, IEC 60707, ISO 1210).
• Six of the classifications relate to
materials commonly used in • Vertical Burning Test: UL 94 V0,
manufacturing enclosures, V1, or V2 (ASTM D3801, IEC
structural parts and insulators 606951110, IEC 60707, ISO
found in consumer electronic 1210).
products (5VA, 5VB, V0, V1, • 500W (125mm) Vertical Burning
V2, HB). Test: 5VA or 5VB (ASTM D5048,
IEC 606951120, IEC 60707, ISO
• Three of the remaining six
classifications relate to low 9772).
density foam materials • Thin Material Vertical Burning
commonly used in fabricating Test: VTM0, VTM1, or VTM2
speaker grills and sound (ASTM D4804, ISO 9773).
deadening material (HBF, HF1 • Horizontal Burning Foamed
and HF2). Material Test: HBF, HF1 or HF2
(ASTM D4986, ISO 9772).
• The last three classifications are
assigned to very thin films, • Burners (ASTM D5025, ASTM
generally not capable of D5207, ISO 10093, ISO 10351)
supporting themselves in a
horizontal position (VTM0, Features and Benefits
VTM1, and VTM2). These are • A bench mounted draft free
usually assigned to substrates combustion chamber with a
on flexible printed circuit large inside volume of 1.0m3 and
boards. exhaust fan to enable simple
evacuation of combustion
These tests determine the products.
material’s tendency either to • Large sliding window made from
extinguish or to spread the flame heat resistant ceramic glass
once the specimen has been giving a generous view of the
ignited. specimen during a test. An
interior light is also fitted.
• Specimen holders
• Fully adjustable horizontal and
vertical specimen supports.
174
FTT_UL 94 Chamber 2020_1st proof 21/05/2021 13:07 Page 175
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
• A burner in compliance with TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

ASTM D5025, with simple angle
adjustment (0°, 20°, 45°) and Test Chamber
precision gas control system Measuring principle Flammability of plastic materials subject to direct impingement of flame
including gas flow meters, External dimensions 1.47m (L) × 0.74m (D) × 1.3m (H)
pressure regulator and pressure
Internal dimensions 1.4m (L) × 0.6m (D) × 1.2m (H)
gauge (manometer).
Internal volume 1m3
• Two access ports enabling easy
entry to the chamber for Exhaust Selfstarting industrial frame size extraction fan with over
temperature/current protection. Low noise metal frame and metal
movement of the burner and impeller meet UL94V0.
specimen. Outer diameter of exhaust chimney = 100mm
Exhaust flow rate 19 ℓ/s
• A burner wing tip.
• Three digital test duration timers Interior light 610mm fluorescent, 240VAC 50/60Hz or
110V 50/60Hz (specify at time of order)
for accurate but simplified
Digital timers (3pcs) 8 digit battery powered panel mount programmable timer with 10 timer
operation with remote handset. ranges and 9mm high reflective LCD display
Burner and Gas Control System
Burner A burner in compliance with ASTM D5025
Burner wing tip Dimensions of slit 48 ± 1 mm in length by 1.3 ± 0.05 mm in width. Used
for the test procedure in Horizontal Burning Foamed Material Test.
Burner mounting fixtures Simple angle adjustment (0°, 20°, 45° available) from the vertical axis
Gas flow meter Flow adjustment valves and flowmeters, 0.11.7 ℓ/min &
10300 cm3/min methane
Manometer 0200 mm WC
Safety precaution Flash back arrestor
Ignitability
Easy entry to the chamber via one of the two access ports
175
Specimen Holders and Support
Retort stand tripod base (2pcs) 180mm from rod to centre of foot. Cast iron with central hole tapped for retort rod. Blue acrylic gloss finish with
rubber feet
Retort rod (2pcs) 600mm stainless steel retort rod
Swivel post holder Two Qclamp rod holders with centre swivel allows tilting of clamp at any angle in parallel planes. Outside adjustment
screw allows close proximity between items.
Three prong clamp (medium) (2pcs) Threeprong clamps for holding circular or irregular objects.
Dual adjustment allows both jaws to be moved to the object without having to move the entire clamp and enables
even weight distribution around the rod axis. Noncorrosive nickel finish with slip on vinyl and fibreglass finger covers.
Maximum jaw capacity = 57mm.
Three prong clamp As per three prong clamp (medium) but maximum (small) (2pcs) jaw capacity = 25mm
Boss head (3pcs) Diecast, nickelplated with heavy nickelplated brass thumb head clamping screws.
Flexible specimen support Used in the Horizontal Burning Test; HB
Wire gauze 125mm × 125mm, having 20 openings per 25mm, made with 0.43 ± 0.03mm diameter iron wire, used in the
Horizontal Burning Test, HB
Foam support stand Used in the Horizontal Burning Foamed Material Test: HBF, HF1, or HF2
Foamed sample Stainless steel, 215mm long × 75mm wide with 13mm support gauze of its length bent to form a right angle at one end
Specimen mandrel form 12.7 ± 0.5mm diameter rod, used in Thin Burning Material Test
Due to FTT’s continuous development policy, specification could change without prior notice
SERVICES
Gas Supply A supply of technical grade methane gas, (min 98% pure), with a regulator for uniform gas flow. The connection to the
chamber is a 6mm diameter hose barb.
Extraction The extraction from the chamber must be connected to a suitable exhaust point, e.g. fume cupboard.
Power Electrical power providing, 230VAC 50/60Hz, 1A or

110VAC 50/60Hz, 2A must be available at the test apparatus.
(Check services label)
Conditioning Specimens are preconditioned in accordance with ASTM D 618

(ISO 921) at 23 ± 2°C and 50% relative humidity for a minimum of 48 hours.
Specimens for certain tests are to be preconditioned in an aircirculating oven for 168 hours at 70 ± 1°C and then
cooled in the desiccator for at least 4 hours at room temperature, prior to testing.
Once removed from the desiccator, specimens shall be tested within 30 minutes.
All specimens are to be tested in a laboratory atmosphere of 1535°C and 4575% relative humidity. Cotton shall be
conditioned in the desiccator for at least 24 hours prior to use.
Once removed from the desiccator, the cotton shall be used within 30 minutes.
Test Accessories Cotton – a supply of absorbent cotton wool, (100% cotton).

Adhesive tape.
176
FTT_Vertical Horizontal Wire Flame Test 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:06 Page 177
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Vertical/Horizontal
Wire Flame Test
(UL 1581)
Ignitability
177
UL 1581: Fire safety for electric cable (0°, 20°, rest) and integral gas
UL Standard for Safety for products is more important than control, gas/air mix controls and
ever. Manufacturers, resellers and manometer.
Electrical Wires, Cables, and endusers of wire and cable • A solid state gas safety system
Flexible Cords products need to be aware of the ensuring maximum operator
latest regulations and the products safety during the test setup and
which meet those standards. The testing activities.
UL 1581 is an internationally • Two access ports with airtight
recognised standard test for these gauntlets enabling access to the
products. chamber for movement of the
burner and specimen.
The FTT UL 1581 test for • Digital test duration timer
flammability of cable materials supplied.
gives a preliminary indication of • Low voltage chamber lighting.
their suitability for a particular • Smoke extraction system with
application. The apparatus is automatic inlet and exhaust
supplied as a complete system dampers.
incorporating all the features • Digital differential pressure
necessary for ease of use and gauge.
safety. It conforms to UL 1581
vertical specimen Bunsen burner
tests and associated international
standards.
These are:
1. 1060. Vertical Flame and FT1
Tests
2. 1061. Cable Flame Test
3. 1080. VW1 (Vertical Specimen)
Flame Test
2
4. 1090. HorizontalSpecimen
ApplianceWire Flame Test
5. 1100. HorizontalSpecimen/
FT2 Flame Test
The tip of the Copper Slug is positioned at 25mm
Features and Benefits above the burner tube during the calibration
1 procedure
• 2 Large doors with windows
made from heat resistant
ceramic glass giving a generous
view of the specimen during a
3 test.
4 • Fully adjustable vertical
specimen supports.
• Fully adjustable horizontal
specimen supports.
1. Adjustable sample support brackets • A burner in compliance with
2. Calibration arm and clamp ASTM D5025, with pre
3. Burner assembly determined angle adjustment Instrument access via airtight gauntlets
4. Burner cotton table and viewing panel
178
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Measuring principle Assessment of combustibility of cable or wire subject to Tirrill burner
Sample 455mm long cut from a sample length of the finished cord, wire, cable, or cord conductor
Burner Adjustable 0°, 20° and rest positions ASTM

D5025 compliant Tirrill burner
Thermal sensor TypeK, stainless steel thermocouple
Manometer 0150mmWC
Burner cotton table 305mm (H) × 305mm (W) × 355mm (L)
External dimensions (approx.) 2500mm (L) × 2000mm (H) × 1060mm (D)
Internal test chamber dimensions 2450mm (L) × 1800mm (H) × 900mm (D)
Internal chamber volume 4.0m³
The instrument is certified to EMC 2004/108/EC
2 2
3
3 4
1. Extraction outlet (not shown)
2. Safety glass observation panels
3. Gauntlet access
4. Control panel
5 5. Automatic air intake vent (when
extraction is in use)
SERVICES
Electricity 96264 AC 8A, 50/60Hz
Gas A supply of technical grade methane gas (min. 98% pure) with regulator and meter for uniform gas flow. (Connection via 6mm
compression fitting)
Ignitability
Extraction The supplied exhaust fan must be connected to a suitable exhaust point,e.g. fume cupboard or external extraction system. Outer
diameter of exhaust chimney =100mm. An air intake vent automatically opens when extraction is switched on.
Conditioning This test is to be performed on unaged specimens. The specimens,the apparatus, and the surrounding air are to be in thermal
equilibrium with one another at a temperature of 23.0 ± 5.0°C.
Test Accessories Cotton – a supply of absorbent 100% cotton. A strip of unreinforced 60lb or 94g/m2 Kraft paper that is 1⁄2 inch or 10mm wide, at or
near 5mils or 0.1mm thick.
179
180
FTT_Ignitability Apparatus 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:14 Page 181
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Ignitability Apparatus
(ISO 5657, BS 476 Part 13 Ignitability of building
products using a radiant heat source)
Ignitability
181
ISO 5657, BS 476 Part 13: The capability of a material to be the specimen during its insertion
Ignitability of building ignited is a critical property to into the apparatus.
measure and is a highly important
products using a radiant element in any assessment of fire Main Features
heat source hazard.
Test apparatus
• Framework for the cone sample
The Ignitability Test Apparatus
support mechanism
allows the user to carry out crucial
• Radiator cone assembly
tests that conform to ISO 5657 and
• Radiation levels between 10
BS 476 Part 13. The Apparatus has
50kW/m2 using a conical
been designed, principally for
radiation furnace
testing building materials and
• Counter weight for pressing
composites, but it is capable of
plate
testing any sample of size 165mm ×
• Pilot gas line with flashback
165mm and up to a maximum of
arrestor and provision for re
70mm thick. The apparatus
ignition
measures the ignition
• Pilot flame application
characteristics of exposed surfaces
mechanism and motor drive
of essentially flat materials and
assembly to bring pilot flame
specimens mounted in a horizontal
into the correct position above
orientation.
the plane of sample every 4
seconds
The FTT Ignitability • Secondary ignition source.
Apparatus
The test apparatus consists of a
support framework which clamps Control Unit
the test specimen horizontally
• 3term temperature
between a pressing plate and a controller
masking plate such that a defined
• Temperature indicator and
area of the upper surface of the over temperature alarm
specimen is exposed to radiation.
• Pilot speed controller
• Timer
This radiation is provided by a
radiator cone positioned above and The apparatus is also supplied
supported from the specimen with a Flux Meter for
support framework. An automated calibration purposes.
pilot flame application mechanism
is used to bring a test flame
through the radiator cone to a
position above the centre of the
surface of the specimen. A
specimen insertion and location
tray is used to position the
specimen accurately on the
pressing plate of the specimen
support framework and a screening
plate is used to shield the surface of
182
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Measuring principle Ignitability of material sample subject to radiant heat source
Radiator cone 1050 kW/m2
Temperature control 2 × Type K thermocouple
Heat flux measurement SchmidtBoelter heat flux meter for measuring the test heat flux
Control unit (Front panel) • Heater Control – Temperature Controller.

• Temperature Indicator and overtemperature alarm.
• Timer.
• Pilot speed controller.
• Propane on/off valve – turns off propane to pilot and secondary ignition.
• Propane flowmeter – measures gas flow to pilot, setting required approximately 20cm3/min.
• Air on/off valve – turns off air to pilot flame.
• Air flowmeter – measures air flow to pilot, setting required approximately 160cm3/min.
• Needle valve for adjusting height of flame for secondary ignition.
• Control switches comprising:
– 3 red on/off push button switches which operate by firm pressure and light up when activated.
– Power – switches on mains electricity to the control unit.
– Cone – switches on power to the cone heater.
– Motor – switches on power to the pilot drive motor.
Control unit (Back panel) • Mains in cable. Supply required 230VAC 15A, 50/60Hz
• 4pin socket power output to cone heater
• 3pin socket power output to pilot drive motor
• 2off thermocouple sockets, type K
• Propane gas inlet
• Air inlet
• Pilot outlet
• Secondary ignition outlet
Due to FTT ’s continuous development policy, specification could change without prior notice
SERVICES
Power 230VAC 15A, 50/60Hz
Gas Propane and Air for the pilot flame
Water 200300 ml/min water flow through the system at room temperature, i.e. 1530°C
Extraction A proprietary extraction system or fume chamber is recommended
Ignitability
183
184
FTT_The Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No 302 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:15 Page 185
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
The Federal Motor

Vehicle Safety
Standard No. 302
(FMVSS 302; ISO 3795)
Ignitability
185
The FTT FMVSS 302 The FTT FMVSS 302 is Gas Controls
consists of: manufactured according to the
Gas flow is controlled by a needle
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety
• Stainless Steel Standard No. 302. The FMVSS 302
valve outside the chamber to
combustion chamber produce flame stability. Connection
specifies the burn resistance
is made at the top of the flash back
• Gas controls and safety requirements for materials used in
arrestor, which is a standard 6mm
flash back device the occupant compartments of
hose barb.
• Ignition source with fine motor vehicles (i.e. passenger cars,
multipurpose passenger vehicles,
adjustment valve trucks and buses). This is to reduce Ignition Source
• Specimen holder the deaths and injuries to motor A choice of Bunsen burner tubes is
vehicle occupants caused by vehicle provided. The tube marked with
fires, especially those originating in ISO has a 9.5mm inside diameter
the interior of a vehicle from and is suitable for the ISO 3795
sources such as matches or test. The tube marked with FM has
cigarettes. a 10mm inside diameter and is
suitable for the FMVSS test. The
Combustion Chamber Bunsen burner tube can be
interchanged and cleaned very
The combustion chamber is an
easily. A needle valve (located
enclosure constructed from
externally) is used to adjust the
stainless steel, with a heat resistant
flame height to 38mm. The gas
window at the front for
supplied to the burner should have
observation.
a calorific value of approximately
38MJ/m3. The suggested gas supply
The test is conducted within the
is natural gas or a flame
chamber which protects the test
temperature equivalent.
specimens from drafts. The interior
of the cabinet is 381mm long ×
203mm deep × 356mm high. It has Specimen Holders
a high temperature resistant glass The test specimen is inserted
observation window which can be between two matching Ushaped
easily removed for cleaning, a stainless steel frames 25mm wide ×
thermal warning indicator to warn 10mm high. The interior dimension
of hot surfaces, an opening to of the FMVSS and the ISO 3795
permit insertion of the specimen Ushaped frame is 50mm wide ×
holder from the right hand side of 330mm long. A specimen that
the unit, Bunsen burner, needle softens and bends at the flaming
valve to control the gas flow, safety end so as to cause erratic burning is
flashback arrestor, and specimen kept horizontal by supports
support rails. For ventilation, the consisting of thin, heatresistant
chamber is elevated 10mm by feet wires 0.25mm diameter, spanning
fitted to the base of the chamber. the width of the Ushaped frame
Additionally, the chamber roof is under the specimen at 25mm
raised by 13mm to allow intervals.
ventilation.
186
FTT_The Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No 302 2020_2nd proof 11/03/2021 15:35 Page 187
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Results Key Advantages

The burn rate is calculated from the • Fully compliant to FMVSS 302
following formula: and ISO 3795 requirements
depending on which sample
B = 60 × D
T [ ] holder is used.
• Complete and ready to use
where: system.
B = Burn rate (mm/min) • Low maintenance requirement.
D = Length the flame travels (mm)
T = Time for the flame to travel D
millimetres (s)
Measuring Principle Horizontal Flammability Test
Bunsen Burner Tubes Diameter 9.5mm & 10mm supplied
Cabinet Dimensions (interior) 381mm (W) × 203mm (D) × 356mm (H)
System Dimensions 450mm (W) × 205mm (D) × 390mm (H)
Optional sample holders FMVSS & ISO 3795 (specify at time of order)
SERVICES
Condition Requirement
Test Room The FMVSS should be situated in a draught free environment and the requirements for the temperature and relative humidity for the test
room/fume cupboard should be followed as specified in the standard used (ISO 3795, FMVSS 302 etc.)
Gas Supply A supply of natural gas.

In order to obtain flame stability the gas pressure shall be between 10kPa and 50kPa.
Hood The combustion chamber should be situated under a suitably ventilated hood.
Ignitability
187
188
FTT_Federal Aviation Regulation Bunsen Burner Test Apparatus 2020 v2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:19 Page 189
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Federal Aviation
Regulation Bunsen
Burner Test Apparatus
Ignitability
189
FTT_Federal Aviation Regulation Bunsen Burner Test Apparatus 2020 v2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:19 Page 190
The FTT Federal Aviation Authority Features

(FAA) Bunsen Burner Test
• A bench mounted draft free
Apparatus conforms to the fire test
stainless steel combustion
methods described in FAA Aircraft
chamber having a large inside
Material Fire Test Handbook for
volume of 0.85m3 and fitted
aircraft materials. The apparatus is
with an interior light and
supplied as a complete system
exhaust fan to enable simple
incorporating all the features
evacuation of combustion
necessary for ease of use and
products
safety. It enables the user to test
• In addition to the chamber five
according to five Federal Aviation
sample mounting systems are
Regulation (FAR) test methods.
offered for the five test methods
These are:
listed above. Any one is readily
• Vertical Bunsen burner test for
replaced by a an alternative
cabin and cargo compartment
mounting system
materials
• Three digital test duration timers
• 45Degree Bunsen burner test
for accurate but simplified
for cargo compartment liners
operation
and waste stowage
• A burner and precision gas
compartment materials
control system including gas
• Horizontal Bunsen burner test
flow meter, pressure regulator
for cabin, cargo compartment,
and pressure gauge
and miscellaneous materials
• Two access ports enabling easy
• 60Degree Bunsen burner test
entry to the chamber for
for electric wire
movement of the burner and
• Recommended procedure for
specimen
the 4ply horizontal flammability
• Large door and window made
test for aircraft blankets.
from toughened safety glass
giving a generous view of the
specimen during a test
• Flame height indicator
190
FTT_FTIR an Advanced FTIR for Toxic Gas Analysis 2020 v2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:20 Page 191
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
FTIR: an Advanced
FTIR for Toxic Gas
Analysis
(ISO 19702; EN 455452; IMO)
Analysis/Toxicity
Combustion Gas
191
Toxicity analysis of fire effluents is Fourier Transform an optical device known as a beam
an important aspect for developing splitter.
InfraRed (FTIR)
modern materials used in aircrafts,
trains and buildings to ensure Spectroscopy The use of a monochromatic or
public safety. Analytical techniques FTIR spectroscopy is a fullspectrum single wavelength light source,
and performance criteria have been analytical technique that allows all IR typically a laser, is used to provide a
specified in various fire safety absorbing species to be detected and reference signal in the
standards and regulatory codes. measured by a single instrument. interferometer. Measurement of
FTIR is the technique that has been the interference pattern of the
chosen by the ISO, EN and IMO The infrared light from the source is single wavelength allows the speed
standardisation committees as the modulated by the interferometer. of interferometer’s mirror
most suitable method for This device allows for the light to be movement and alignment to be
measuring toxic fire effluents. The split into two different paths and controlled precisely.
commonly targeted toxic species recombined, producing an
are CO, CO2, HCN, SO2, NOx, HCl, interference wave known as an The light is passed through a
HBr and HF. interferogram. The light is split via sample compartment which is often
referred to as the sample cell or gas
cell. Sample cells can be of various
designs in order to achieve the
Moving Mirror most suitable pathlength i.e. total
length that the IR light passes
through the absorbing medium. For
long pathlengths (of the order of
meters) this usually involves the
use of mirror arrangements to
bounce the light through the
sample medium. As the sample cell
contains the extracted sample
medium, care has to be taken that
the sample cell is constructed of
suitable materials and operates at
the required temperature and
Fixed Mirror
pressure.
An infrared detector, e.g.

Source deuterated triglycine sulfate (DTGS)
detector, and associated electronics
ĞĂŵ^ƉůŝƩĞƌ
are required to make single point
measurements of the infrared
signal as the interferometer scans.
An FTIR analyser does not directly

produce a spectrum for analysis; an
interferogram is produced. This is
Gas Cell timedomain measurement of IR
and
signal and contains the modulated
Detector
wave of the entire broad band
source. To extract the IR spectrum a
Classic Michelson Interferometer mathematical manipulation called a
192
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Fourier Transform must be applied

to the interferogram. The
mathematics of this are all handled
in software in realtime.
The resulting singlebeam or

intensity spectrum is then
compared against a zero or
background spectrum to produce
an absorbance spectra. This
absorbance spectrum is what we
need to run a spectral analysis,
applying Beer’s Law.
Beer’s Law describes the linear

relationship between IR absorbance
and concentration when variables
such as temperature, pressure and
path length are kept the same.
FTT FTIR (left) and FTT
With absorbance spectra collected Smoke Density Chamber
and saved, chemometric (right)
techniques can be applied to
extract concentration information.
FTIR spectroscopy is considered the
most suitable analytical technique electronics and an industrial PC, meaningful and accurate
for measuring toxic gas species in which are mounted in a 19" cabinet information. It offers users the
fire effluents because: for easy accessibility and service. ability to perform chemometrics
– a variety of gases across wide analysis on data sets. This software
concentration ranges can be FTT FTIR is an advanced FTIR gas is designed so that untrained users
determined by a single method; analyser used for continuous gas can simply run preloaded models,
– monitoring of species monitoring in conjunction with but will also allow more advanced
development throughout the fire FTT ’s Cone Calorimeter, Smoke users to build and develop
is possible with time resolved Density Chamber and Single models.
measurements; Burning Item (SBI) for online
– toxicants can be identified or measurements of combustion gases FTT ’s application specialists have
reanalysed retrospectively in the in fire tests. experience of developing and
stored spectra from previous implementing chemometric
experiments. Spectroscopic data are often techniques on various projects. We
complex, containing large numbers can provide in depth training
FTT FTIR System of features which often overlap. courses on chemometric
The analysis of gases in fire techniques and data analysis of
FTT has been at the forefront of
effluents is especially challenging spectroscopic measurements,
supplying a turnkey solution of FTIR
due to the great number of enabling users to fully benefit from
system in analysing toxic gases in
different organic and inorganic this powerful software.
fire effluents. The makeup of this
chemicals which representative
Analysis/Toxicity
Combustion Gas
turnkey solution comprises of an

atmospheres can contain. As any chemometric technique will
advanced FTIR analyser, heated
only ever be as good as the
sampling system including all the
FTT FTIR software uses calibration data it is based on, FTT
pneumatics, control/processing
chemometrics to resolve data into FTIR is calibrated in a purpose built
193
calibration lab using certified Typically concentrations of H2O, can be set as a Normally Open (NO)
traceable standards. CO2, CO, SO2, NO, NO2, N2O, HCl, HF, valve which provides a failsafe in
NH3, etc. are continuously case of power failure to ensure the
FTT FTIR is fully configurable to measured. gas cell is purged and gas does not
meet the requirements of condense on the optics.
EN 455452, ISO 19702 and IMO The analyser has a multipass gas
standards. In addition, various cell which is heated to 180°C. The Pressure transducer is installed to
process monitoring applications are gas cell mirror is gold plated with monitor the pressure inside the gas
also possible. Measured protective MgF2 coating which cell. Fluctuations in the cell
components and calibration ranges ensures high performance even in pressure will be corrected for in
can be selected according to high water vapour concentrations realtime by software.
application. or corrosive gases.
Sampling System
FTIR Gas Analyser The analyser also has an internal
The hot extractive sampling system
solenoid valve to allow zero gas
The FTIR gas analyser is an integral consists of a heated sample probe,
(usually 99.999% N2) to pass to the
part of the system which allows heated filter, heated sample lines
gas cell for cell evacuation and zero
simultaneous measurement of and heated pump unit. The whole
background measurements. This
multiple gas compounds. system is kept at 180°C to avoid
condensation and subsequent
washing of soluble fire gases out of
the sample. Two stage particle
filtration is used in order to remove
particles from the sample gas. The
sample pump unit includes gas
connections for the FTIR gas
analyser. All sample lines have a
PTFE core sample line of 6mm OD,
4mm ID, together with a secondary
line for calibration/span gas.
End fixtures are stainless steel
which is robust and provides long
lifetimes.
Panel PC
The touchscreen panel PC is
required to operate the analyser, to
control the sampling system, to
translate measured and analysed
concentrations and send alarms to
higher level automation and control
systems. It is also used for
processing and storing the sample
spectra.
FTT FTIR is supplied with a suite of

three analytics software.
FTT FTIR System
Interior (front door
opened)
194
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
valuable tool for the analyst

working with spectra, e.g.
adding, subtracting, multiplying
and dividing spectra, peak
position locator, baseline
correction, etc.
PAS – From Spectrum to

Results
The advanced, easy to use PAS
software provides outstanding
analytical performance. It analyses
the sample spectrum using
sophisticated chemometrics. It is
capable of simultaneous detection,
Heated filter/valve unit, PTFE filter can be easily replaced from the front identification and quantification of
multiple gas species.
i. PASPro acquisition parameters and Crossinterference effects are

Analyser Software for Process allows complex analytical compensated for and analysis
(installed on built in touchscreen models to be built. Models can accuracy is maintained even when
PC) PASPro is a very simple to be span corrected to match analysing complex gas mixtures
use but comprehensive user reference gas cylinders and where there is a possibility of
interface with setup menus for linearity checks can be made for spectral overlapping. Resolution is
running the FTIR and control of compliance with performance carefully optimised to meet
all system parameters. It standards. requirements in fire tests. This
displays real time analytical allows the collection of several
measurements for the selected iii. Spectrum Viewer (installed on measurements every minute whilst
gases with an optional “Pass” standalone PC) retaining high sensitivity. PAS also
and “Fail” result quality It is a standalone application for allows for model switching based
indicator next to each manipulating spectra and on constants or other variables. For
measurement. There is an alarm identifying species that are example, two chemometric models
window which indicates any present. It contains no analytical can be built over different ranges,
faults with the system and an or collection routines, but is a one 0100ppm, and one 100
event log updates with each task
the system has carried out.
ii. PAS Analyser Software

(installed on standalone PC)
Collected FTIR data (results and
spectra) can be downloaded
from the test station and
transferred to another PC for
further analysis using PAS which
Analysis/Toxicity
Combustion Gas
allows the analysis to be

checked and interfering species
to be identified. It gives the user
complete flexibility over the FTIR
195
1000ppm. PAS will automatically and are factor based, constructing a and are factor based, constructing a
switch and use the most suitable model with the optimum number model with the optimum number
model for the current of factors that models the specified of factors that models the specified
concentration mix. gas in the full matrix. gas in the full matrix.
PAS software is designed for easy There is no limit to the number of There is no limit to the number of
and efficient processing of the gases that can be measured at one gases that can be measured at one
results. Advanced modelling time with PAS software. Sample time with PAS software. Sample
methods of PLS (Partial Least spectra are stored as separate files spectra are stored as separate files
Squares) are used for accurate and on the computer, they can be easily on the computer, they can be easily
robust analytical predictions, even reanalysed with different analysis reanalysed with different analysis
in the presence of unknown settings for previously unknown settings for previously unknown
interfering gases. PLS models are interfering gases. PLS models are species retrospectively.
built on a component specific basis built on a component specific basis
Key Features and Benefits

• Complete turnkey solution for reliable and accurate analysis of toxic gas species in fire effluents
• Time resolved results enabling continuous monitoring of multiple gas speciesdevelopment
• Hot extractive sampling; no sample loss or change of composition
• Fully automated measurement system with comprehensive safety functions
• Fully modular system for maximum flexibility
• Fully configurable to meet requirements of ISO 19702, EN 455452 and IMO standards.
• Capable of individual analysis of airborne concentrations of CO, CO2, NO, NO2, SO2, HCI, HF,
Phenol, Acrolein, water vapour, etc.
• Powerful PAS software suite for different operational and analysis requirements
• Span and linearity correct models
• Pressure correction, dilution correction, dry/O2 correction of data
• Spectra saved with date and time stamped name
• Specially configured file contains all chemometric models and analysis information
• Final results selection allows best model to be selected for given range
• Report concentration results as ppm, mg/m3 or %Vol
196
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
TEST PARAMETERS
General Parameters
Measuring Principle FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) Spectroscopy
Performance Unlimited simultaneous analysis of multiple gases, preloaded analysis for 21 gas species
Operating Temperature +5°C to +35°C, noncondensing, dust free ambient air
Storage Temperature 20 +60°C
Response Time (T90) Depending on the gas flow and measurement time
Resolution 4 cm–1 standard. 1 cm–1 optional
Wavenumber Range 399.718 – 5000.088 cm1
Gas Cell Niplated aluminium gas cell of volume 0.3 litres

Ambient pressure during normal operation
Gas Cell Temperature 180°C (variable)
Gas Cell Volume 0.3 litres
Gas Cell Path Length 4.2 m (standard, but changeable)
Optics Nonhygroscopic Zinc Selenide beam splitter

Barium Fluoride gas cell windows (changeable dependent on application)
Diamond turned aluminium gas cell mirrors with protected gold coating
Reference Laser Solid state laser
Source MidIR source, ceramic Globar

With advanced electronic stabilisation and temperature measurement
Detector DTGS
Sample Gas Noncondensing, particle free
Flow Rate Approximately 4 l/min (variable via external flow orifice)
Sample Gas Pressure Ambient
Dimensions 600 mm (L) × 600 mm (W) × 1400 mm (H) (not incl. castors or plinth)
Net Weight Approx. 125 kg
Measuring Parameters
Zero Point Calibration 24 hours, calibration with Nitrogen (5.0 or higher N2 recommended)
Zero Point Drift < 2% of measuring range per zero point calibration interval
Sensitivity Drift < 2% of measuring range over 24 hours
Linearity Deviation < 2% of measuring range
Temperature Drifts < 2% of measuring range per 10 K temperature change
Detectable Limits Gas dependent, but all <2% measurement range
Pressure Influence 1% per 1% change in sample pressure. Pressure measured and compensated for in gas cell
Analysis/Toxicity
Combustion Gas
197
Heated Line
Tube Size 4 mm ID/6 mm OD
Core Material PTFE core
Operating Pressure Max. 400 kPa (4 bar)
Temperature 180°C
Fittings 6mm Swagelok
Power Supply 230 VAC or 115 VAC
Power Density 90 Watts/metre
Length Varies for different application requirement. Lengths from 3 metre to 50 metre can be supplied
Electrical Connections
Main Supply 115V or 230V 50/60Hz
Power Consumption The full system including the FTIR Gas Analyser, Touchscreen PC, Heated Filter/Valve Sampling Unit, Sampling
Probe and Heated Sampling Lines approximately 2 kW
Gas Species
• H2O • CO2 • CO • NO • NO2 • N2O • SO2
• HCl • HCN • HBr • HF • NH3 • CH4 • C2H6
• C3H8 • C2H4 • C6H14 • HCHO • C6H5OH • C3H4O • COF2
GAS UNIT RANGES
H2O %Vol 030
CO2 %Vol 02 05
CO ppm 03000 010000
NO ppm 0500
NO2 ppm 0500
N2O ppm 0500
SO2 ppm 01000
HCl ppm 0100 05000
HCN ppm 0500
HBr ppm 0100 01000
HF ppm 0100 01000
NH3 ppm 0500
CH4 (Methane) ppm 01000
C2H6 (Ethane) ppm 0100
C3H8 (Propane) ppm 0100
C2H4 (Ethene) ppm 0100
C6H14 (nHexane) ppm 0100
HCHO (Formaldehyde) ppm 020
C6H5OH (Phenol) ppm 0200
C3H4O (Acrolein) ppm 0300
COF2 (Carbonyl Fluoride) ppm 050
198
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
SERVICES
Power Supply 230 VAC – 50/60 Hz – 13 A
Gas Supplies Purge gas: dry, filtered, oilfree compressed air at 1.0 bar, flow rate approx. 1 ℓ/min, with pressure regulator
Zero gas: Nitrogen 5.0 at 1.0 bar, flow rate approx. 3 ℓ/min, with pressure regulator
Check gas: typically 200 ppm Sulphur Dioxide + 90 ppm Ethylene + balance of Nitrogen at 1.0 bar, flow rate approx.
3 ℓ/min, with pressure regulator
Extraction Exhaust from the analyser flowing at 4 ℓ/min through a 6 mm tube must be vented safely to atmosphere
Operating environment 15⁰C25⁰C, noncondensing atmosphere
Analysis/Toxicity
Combustion Gas
199
200
FTT_Toxicity Test Attachment for NBS Smoke Density Chamber 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:21 Page 201
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Toxicity Test Attachment

for NBS Smoke Density
Chamber
(ABD0031)
Analysis/Toxicity
Combustion Gas
201
FTT_Toxicity Test Attachment for NBS Smoke Density Chamber 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:21 Page 202
Using in conjunction with the NBS utilised for other applications as

Smoke Density Chamber, specified in applicable procurement
gaseous/volatile test products are and regulatory documents. It is
drawn from the chamber at any used to measure and describe the
time for analysis through three ports properties of materials, products or
on the top of the chamber. One of assemblies in response to heat and
these ports is used to connect to the flame under controlled laboratory
ABD0031 vacuum box. conditions. Results of this test may
be used as elements of a fire risk
This test method is used for assessment which takes into
evaluating materials or account all of the factors which are
constructions used in the interior of pertinent to an assessment of the
aerospace vehicles, but may be fire hazard of a particular end use.
202
FTT_Test on Gases Evolved During Combustion of Electric Cables 2020 v2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:35 Page 203
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Test on Gases Evolved

During Combustion of
Electric Cables
(IEC 60754 Part 1 and Part 2)
Analysis/Toxicity
Combustion Gas
203
FTT_Test on Gases Evolved During Combustion of Electric Cables 2020 v2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:35 Page 204
The International Electrotechnical Instrument Features

Commission IEC 60754 Part 1 and
• Tube furnace, support stand and
Part 2 test is performed to
thermocouples
determine the degree of acidity of
• Quartz work tube and sample
gases evolved during the
lading assembly
combustion of materials taken from
• Control unit with digital
electric cables by measuring the pH
temperature controller for tube
and conductivity.
furnace, optional over
temperature device and sample
Cable users have expressed concern
temperature indicator
over the amount of acid gas which
• 2 gas collection bottles
is evolved when cable insulating,
• Gas cell 1 litre
sheathing and other materials are
• pH and conductivity measuring
burnt as this acid can cause
instruments with digital display
extensive damage to electrical and
and electrodes
electronic equipment not involved
• Stirrer
in the fire itself. It has been
• Air flowmeter and all necessary
considered necessary, therefore, to
tubes and connections
develop an approved method (by
• 10 ceramic sample boats
extensive round robins) for
determining the amount of acid
gases evolved by burning cable
components so that limits can be
agreed for cable specifications.
As the test is not carried out on
a complete cable test piece, for a
hazard assessment the actual
material volumes of the cable
components should be taken into
consideration.
204
FTT_Naval Engineering Standard 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:34 Page 205
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Naval Engineering
Standard
(NES 713)
Analysis/Toxicity
Combustion Gas
205
NES 713: The NES 713 test explores the Features and Benefits
U.K. Naval engineering toxicity of the products of
The FTT NES 713 is a closed
combustion in terms of small
standard for the molecular species arising when a
chamber of fixed volume in which
determination of the specimens can be subjected to a
sample of a material is completely
premixed burner.
toxicity index of the burnt in excess air under specified
products of combustion conditions. The test does not
The system comprises of the
from small specimens of necessarily determine the total
Combustion Chamber, Combustion
toxicity of all the constituents of
material the products of combustion.
Control Unit and a Gas Analysis
System with colorimetric tubes.
• The combustion chamber has a
The test is useful for the quality
strong steel framework and is
control of materials and for
constructed from fire retardant
research and development. It may
grade polypropylene with
be used to compare the particular
welded seams and a volume of
combustion characteristic of a
0.7m3.
series of both natural and synthetic
• The door, which gives full access
materials.The test may be used to
to the chamber for easy
specify a quality of a raw material
cleaning, incorporates a clear
or product. Combustion
polycarbonate sheet, backed
characteristics tests alone are not
with laminate for strength and
suitable for assessing the total fire
rigidity.
hazard of products under actual fire
• The gas burner has a spark
conditions.
ignition system which
automatically reignites should
The toxicity index is defined as the
the flame extinguish.
numerical summation of the
• An internally mounted stirring
toxicity factor of selected gases
fan for rapid mixing of
produced by complete combustion
combustion products.
of the material in air under the
• Solenoid operated vent seal
conditions specified. The toxicity
• Provision is made for
factors are derived from the
gaseous/volatile test products to
calculated quantity of each gas that
be drawn from the chamber for
would be produced when 100g of
analysis through ports on the
the material is burnt in air in a
side of the chamber.At least 12
volume of 1m3.
sampling positions are provided
for use with colorimetric gas
reaction tubes or optional
The Control Unit
houses the specific gas analysers.
flowmeters, • A separate control unit houses
timer, methane the flowmeters, timer, methane
and air controls
and air controls.
• A forcedair extraction system
for evacuating the chamber
after a test.
206
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Combustion Chamber
Measuring principle Determination of combined toxicity index of gaseous species arising from a material subject to flaming combustion
External dimensions 1100mm (W) × 800mm (D) × 1300mm (H)
Internal dimensions 728mm (W) × 982mm (D) × 982mm (H)
Internal volume 0.7m3
Burner Bunsen burner and spark igniter with safety sensor
Maximum temperature 1200°C
Weight 70kg
Control Unit
Dimensions 530mm (W) × 270mm (D) × 280mm (H)
Flowmeter Valves for Natural Gas/Methane and Air
Second/Minute timer Digital timer
Drager Gas Detection Tubes
Carbon Dioxide 0.16% ± 510%
Carbon Monoxide 5700 ppm ± 1015%
Hydrogen Sulphide 1200 ppm ± 15%
Ammonia 0.510% ± 1015%
Formaldehyde 0.25 ppm ± 2030%
Hydrogen Chloride 110 ppm ± 1015%
Acrylonitrile 0.250 ppm ± 1520%
Sulphur Dioxide 125 ppm ± 10 15%
Nitrous Fumes 2100 ppm ± 1015%
Hydrogen Cyanide 0.550 ppm ± 1015%
Hydrogen Fluoride 0.590 ppm ± 2030%
Phosgene 0.021 ppm ± 1015%
Phenol 120 ppm ± 1015%
Hydrogen Bromide 110 ppm ± 1015%
SERVICES
Power Dual voltage 110VAC 3A, 60Hz; 230VAC 2A, 50Hz
Gas Methane gas up to 2l/min flow rate

Analysis/Toxicity
Combustion Gas
Air Compressed air up to 15l/min flow rate
Extraction A fume chamber or proprietary extraction system is recommended
207
208
FTT_Cone Corrosimeter 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:24 Page 209
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Cone Corrosimeter
(ASTM D5485; ISO 119074)
Analysis/Toxicity
Combustion Gas
209
FTT_Cone Corrosimeter 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:24 Page 210
The Cone Calorimeter and Mass

Loss Calorimeter can be used to
determine the corrosive effect of
combustion products when used
with a cone corrosimeter.
To do this in accordance with the

Standards protocol the combustion
products generated in the unit are
drawn through a dynamic exposure
cell which houses a copper
corrosion target.
The change in resistance of the

corrosion target is used to assess
the corrosive effect of the
combustion products generated.
210
FTT_Combustion Toxicity Test Apparatus 2020 v2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:33 Page 211
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Combustion Toxicity
Test Apparatus
(ASTM E1678; NFPA 269)
Analysis/Toxicity
Combustion Gas
211
ASTM E1678 Test External to the combustion cell Main Features

which contains the specimen
This instrument uses radiant heat • The sample orientation is
platform, are radiant heat lamps
with spark ignition to combust a horizontal
and a load cell. The test chamber
sample of material and helps to • Suitable for testing sample
has provision for colorimetric gas
characterise the product by assemblies
reaction tubes in one side of the
measuring ease of ignition (time), • Polycarbonate chamber of 200
chamber. Gas analysis
rate of smoke generation (mass litres
instrumentation is located external
loss) and toxicity (gas analysis). • Heat flux meter
to the apparatus with gas samples
These are essential parameters in • Irradiation levels 1 050kW/m2
extracted from the test chamber.
the evaluation of the potential fire Spark ignition
The combustion cell/test chamber
hazard of products. Future • Load Cell with sample capacity
and chimney are assembled in such
possibility of being upgraded with of 500g
a manner that they may be
additional instrumentation to • 15 ports for outlet to gas
separated for cleaning.
monitor corrosivity. The overall analyzers
apparatus consists of a combustion
The unit has not been designed for
cell and a test chamber connected
animal testing.
by an enclosed passage (chimney).
Dimensions 1600 (H) × 1200 (W) × 480 (D)
Weight 1.05kg
Due to FTT ’s continuous development policy specifications could change without prior notice.
SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS
Voltage 230V 50I60Hz m 40A
Water For cooling apparatus
212
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
NFPA 269 Test Main Features • Radiant Heaters: The active

element of the heater consists
The NFPA 269 smoke toxicity fire • Exposure Chamber: a clear
of four quartz infrared lamps
test apparatus is designed to assess polycarbonate box, 200 liters
(with tungsten filaments), rated
the toxic potency of combustion nominal volume, with inside
at 2000 W/240 V. The lamps are
products from various materials or dimensions of 1.22 × 0.37 ×
encased in water cooled holders
products, presented as planar 0.45 m. It contains two doors:
with parabolic reflectors
specimens. The apparatus consists one in the front wall near the
of a combustion cell and an connection to the combustion
• Spark Igniter: located inside the
combustion cell, directly above
exposure chamber, connected by cell and one in the end wall
the specimen.
an enclosed passage (chimney). nearest the target housing ports
• Specimen Holder and Load Cell:
• Combustion Cell: a horizontal
The specimen holder is a
External to the combustion cell, quartz tube with a 127 mm (5")
stainless steel assembly
which contains the specimen inside diameter and
approximately 76 × 127 mm,
platform, are placed 4 radiant heat approximately 320 mm (12.5")
inside dimensions, and 50 mm
lamps and a load cell. The exposure long, sealed at one end and with
(2") deep. The specimen is
chamber has six tubular housings, a large standard taper outer
backed by a layer of ceramic
provided for exposing targets. joint at the other end
fibre blanket (nominally 65
Optional gas analysis • Chimney: a stainless steel
kg/m3 density). The specimen
instrumentation, for determination assembly connecting the
holder is placed, for testing, on a
of smoke toxicity, can be purchased combustion cell to the exposure
platform, inside the combustion
separately. The combustion cell, chamber
cell and under the lamps, and
exposure chamber and chimney are • Smoke shutter: inside the
connected by a rigid rod to a
assembled in such a manner that exposure chamber, to close over
load cell, for continuously
they may be separated for cleaning the chimney opening.
monitoring sample mass.
purposes (after a test).
Dimensions 1600 (H) × 1200 (W) × 480 (D)
Weight 1.05kg
Due to FTT ’s continuous development policy specifications could change without prior notice.
Analysis/Toxicity
Combustion Gas
213
214
FTT_Circuit Integrity Under Fire Conditions Apparatus 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:26 Page 215
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Circuit Integrity Under Fire

Conditions Apparatus
(BS 6387; IEC 60331; EN 50200)
Fire Resistance
215
The apparatus is supplied 1. Resistance To Fire Alone Testing (as prescribed

with ability to assess: in BS 6387 Protocol C / IEC 6033111)
The cable in question is mounted
Resistance to fire alone horizontally into a chamber,
(BS 6387 Protocol C) constructed of Zintec, with up to 5
ring clamps. It is then exposed to a
610mm long tubetype gas burner.
Resistance to fire with
Water (BS 6387 Protocol W) Electrical continuity is checked
throughout a 3hour exposure to
Resistance to fire with the gas burner set at an
Ring Clamps for Resistance to Fire Alone
Mechanical Shock appropriate temperature.
Testing
(BS 6387 Protocol Z)

Mechanical Shock
IEC 603311

Mechanical Shock
IEC 603312
Resistance to Fire Alone Testing
Mechanical Shock
IEC 603313 2. Resistance to Fire with Water (as prescribed in
BS 6387 Protocol W)
Resistance to Fire Alone The cable is held with a metal The water spray is then switched
IEC 6033111 support and the assembly is housed on, in order to comply with the
in an electrically earthed test frame standard BS 6387 (Protocol W), the
Shock Test with Optional which is held in a large, watertight, cable must maintain electrical
Water Addon IEC 50200 Stainless Steel trough. integrity whilst both water and
flames impinge on the cable for a
The frame is also fitted with gas further 15 minutes.
burners, a water sprinkler head and
means to power and test the
continuity of the cables.
A 400mm section of the cable in

question is exposed to flames at
650°C, produced by a gas burner,
for a period of 15 minutes.
Resistance to Fire with Water
(Protocol W)
216
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
3. Resistance to Fire with Mechanical Shock

(as prescribed in BS 6387 Protocol Z / IEC 60331
parts 1, 2 and 3 / EN 50200)
The cable is mounted on a vertical driven to fall on to the top edge of
framework or board made from the framework / board at regular
noncombustible material, intervals during the test.
depending on the standard.
The powered cable must maintain
This vertical framework / board is electrical continuity when exposed
mounted onto rubber bushes such to the flames from the burner and
that it will be hit by a bar which is impact from the falling bar.
Resistance to Fire with Mechanical Shock
Fire Resistance
217
218
FTT_Fire Resistance Test Furnaces 2020 V2_1st proof 06/03/2020 09:27 Page 219
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
Fire Resistance
Test Furnaces
Fire Resistance
219
FTT Fire Resistance Test The performance of walls, columns, in a horizontal orientation, to
Furnaces will enable test floors and other building elements withstand exposure to high
when exposed to fire conditions is temperatures. This is done by
houses and manufacturers of extreme importance in ensuring evaluating a number of
to meet the regulatory safety to both the public and performance elements such as the
testing requirements of fire neighbouring structures. In order to loadbearing capacity, the ability to
resistance testing. The acquire information on this provide fire containment and the
range provides vertical, performance, it is necessary to thermal transmittance of the
measure the fireresistive materials and systems.
horizontal and indicative properties of the materials and
testing, fully assemblies in question. Building System Description
complementing our elements commonly tested include:
• The capability to carry out both
reactiontofire testing • Fire doors loadbearing and nonload
equipment used in • Walls bearing tests on Horizontal Test
• Columns Specimens and beams that are
manufacturing facilities and
• Partitions mounted in customised restraint
laboratories worldwide. • Load bearing panel and walls frames.
• Ventilation ducts
• Superior and safe construction –
• Cable barriers furnace walls comprising a lining
• Dampers of insulating fire bricks,
refractory castables and mineral
The regulatory requirement for fire
fibre board on the cold face and
resistance testing for these types of
refractory insulating bricks
product is set out in many
anchored to the back wall with
international standards.The
high temperature cast insitu
standards are outlined for each
blocks, on the hot face.
furnace type below. Our fire
• A removable roof lined with
resistance test furnaces are built to
profiled bricks and anchored
or exceed the existing requirements
with refractories cast insitu.
of all of these tests.
• A furnace casing made of mild
steel plates reinforced with steel
Large Scale Horizontal CChannels, Ibeams and steel
Fire Resistance Test sections to counter structural
Furnace distortion due to heat.
ISO 834 (1, 57, 9); BS 476 (2024);
• A specimen restraint frame
secured by a minimum of 4 sets
BS EN 1363 (12); BS EN 1364 (2);
of clamps.
BS EN 1365 (24); BS EN 1366 (13);
ASTM E119; ASTM E814;
• 4 viewing ports made of heat
resistant quartz glass to enable
ASTM E1966; UL 263; UL 1709;
the operator to view the
UL 1479; UL 2079; UL10 (BC);
complete test specimen during a
ISO 6944 (12); ISO 3008.
fire test.
The FTT Horizontal Fire Resistance
• A sliding door made of
lightweight alumina is enclosed
Test Furnace is needed to evaluate
within an insulated, aircooled
the fire resistance of a horizontal
frame. This will shield off the
construction assembly, column, or
furnace heat when the viewing
The FTT Horizontal Fire Resistance Test support, and provides a method of
ports are not in use.
Furnace quantifying the ability of a material,
220
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
• 20 sets of Refractory Nozzle Mix • Test area dimensions: 3000mm

Burners (2 groups of 10). Each (W) × 4000mm (H) × 1000mm (D)
burner is designed to use
liquefied petroleum gas and has Large Scale Vertical Fire
a flame supervision unit to
Resistance Test Furnace
ensure that all combustion units
ISO 834 (1, 4, 8); BS 476 (2023);
operate on a fail safe mode at all
BS EN 1363 (12); BS EN 1364 (1);
times. All necessary flame safety
BS EN 1365 (1); BS EN 1366 (13);
systems, intermittent pilot
BS EN 16341; ASTM E119;
systems, and temperature
ASTM E814; UL10 (BC); UL 263;
sensors are incorporated.
UL 1709; UL10 (BC); UL 1479;
• A Furnace Combustion Control
UL 2079; ISO 3008; ISO 3009.
Panel is designed to operate on
both fully automatic and manual
The FTT Vertical Fire Resistance Test
control modes. Automatic
Furnace provides a method of The FTT Vertical Fire Resistance Test
ignition of the burners is Furnace
quantifying the ability of products
through the use of one push
and materials, in a vertical
button switch. This fires up the
orientation, to withstand exposure
burners based on a preset
to high temperatures. The furnace
heating curve, such as that
can be used for evaluating the fire
described in BS 476 Parts 2024,
resistance of products such as walls,
EN 1363 and the IMO
doors, dampers, joints, and
Hydrocarbon Curve. Manual
penetration seals. This is done by
burner control enables
individual burners to be ignited 2
at will.
3
1
1. Observation platform
2. Flue gas treatment
3. Exhaust
6 4. Motorised damper duct

5 5. Horizontal fire resistance test surface
6. Access door for horizontal fire test assembly
Fire Resistance
221
evaluating a number of functions • A specimen restraint frame • Test area dimensions: 3000mm
including the loadbearing capacity, mounted on the front end of the (W) × 3000mm (H) × 1300mm (D)
the fire containment and the furnace and secured by a
thermal transmittance of the minimum of 4 sets of door Hydraulic Tilting Fire
assemblies being tested. clamps.
Resistance Test Furnace
• 4 viewing ports made of heat
BS 476 (2024); BS EN 1363 (12);
System Description resistant quartz glass to enable
BS EN 1364 (12); BS EN 1365 (14);
the operator to view the
• The capability to carry out tests BS EN 1366 (13); BS EN 16341;
on Vertical Test Specimens that complete test specimen during a
ASTM E 119; ASTM E814;
are mounted on custom made fire test. A sliding door made of
ASTM E 1966; UL 263; UL 1709;
restraint frames. lightweight alumina, with an air
UL10 (BC); UL 1479; UL 2079;
cooled frame, is used to shield
• A refractory lining comprising of ISO 834 (1, 49); ISO 6944 (12);
insulating fire bricks, refractory off the furnace heat when the
ISO 3008; ISO 3009.
castables and mineral boards. viewing ports are not in use.
The roof is lined with profiled • 12 sets of Special Luminous
The FTT Hydraulic Tilting Fire
bricks and anchored with Flame Burners. Each burner has a
Resistance Test Furnace for Vertical
refractories cast in situ. flame supervision unit to ensure
& Horizontal Test Specimens is
fail safe operation at all times.
• Mild steel casing plates needed to evaluate the fire
reinforced with steel CChannels, • A Furnace Combustion Control
resistance of a horizontal or vertical
Ibeams and steel sections to Panel. This is designed to operate
construction assembly, column, or
counter structural distortion due on both fully automatic and
support, and provides a method of
to heat.The casing is lined with manual control modes.Automatic
quantifying the ability of products
mineral fibreboard on the cold ignition fires up the burners
such as doors and dampers, and
face and refractory insulating based on a preset heating curve,
building materials to withstand
bricks anchored back to the wall as described in BS 476 Parts
exposure to high temperatures.
with high temperature cast in 2024, EN 1363 and the
situ blocks, on the hot face. IMO Hydrocarbon Curve. Manual
burner control enables individual System Description
burners to be ignited at will. • A number of performance
elements such as the load
bearing capacity, the ability to
provide fire containment and the
1 thermal transmittance of the
materials and systems are
evaluated.
• This system offers the customer
the versatility of meeting the
requirements of both Vertical
and Horizontal tests with one
instrument.
• The hydraulic tilting system
4 enables the Furnace to be
positioned either upright for
testing items such as walls and
1. Motorised damper duct doors, or on a horizontal plane
2. Restraint frame for testing floors and ceilings that
2
3. Vertical fire resistance test furnace
mount on custom made restraint
4. Centralised exhaust tower
frames.
3
222
PRODUCT CATALOGUE
• Test area dimensions: 3000mm IMO Hydrocarbon test curve. Other as well as mineral boards on the
(W) × 3000mm (H) × 1300mm (D) standard TemperatureTime curves cold face.
can also be preprogrammed into • A refractory lined BlankOut
Other System the system. Wall with lifting hooks is also
supplied.This enables the user to
Components for the
Vertical, Horizontal and Indicative Fire close one side of the furnace
wall when either a vertical or a
Hydraulic Tilting Fire Resistance Test Furnace
horizontal test specimen is
Prior to fullscale testing the
Resistance Test mounted for testing.
customer may wish to establish fire
Furnaces • A set of two selflocking clamps
resistant properties on material
are used to secure the test
Lifting Frame for Test Specimens samples. The FTT Indicative Fire
specimen restraint frame to the
A customised lifting frame with two Resistance Test Furnaces provide a
furnace. An air cooled viewing
side hooks is provided to lift the method of quantifying the ability of
port made of heat resistant
specimen restraint frame to the a material or assembly to withstand
quartz glass is installed in the
furnace. This allows easy placement exposure to high temperatures
rear wall to enable the operator
of the vertical or horizontal using only a fraction of the material
to see the behaviour of the
restraint frame into the furnace. required by large full scale
entire test specimen during a
The restraint frame is nonload furnaces.
fire test.
bearing.
• A sliding shutter door made of
This furnace is also ideal for
lightweight alumina fibreboard
Refractory Lined Connecting Duct evaluating the fire performance of
is supplied to shield off the
and Exhaust Stack dampers and penetration seals for
furnace heat when the viewing
The Chimney/Stack is constructed building services.
port is not in use.
of 9mm thick mild steel and is
refractory lined for the first 6m. The FTT supply two Indicative Fire
Stack extends to a minimum of 3m Resistance Test Furnaces used to
Other system
above the factory roof level or in test dampers, penetration seals, components for the
accordance to the local code and for pilot testing windows, walls, Indicative Fire
requirements. door samples and ceilings. Resistance Test Furnace
LP Gas Fuel Burners
Combustion Air Blower to Furnace 1. Small Scale Indicative Furnace
For the 1.5m × 1.5m × 1.5m
Burners Type 1 has an internal chamber
Furnace, 5 burners are supplied. At
The combustion air system is pre measuring 1500mm (W) ×
any one time, 3 out of these 5
piped and tested before dispatch. 1500mm (H) × 1500mm (D).
burners can be fired. For the 1m ×
PLC System 2. Small Scale Indicative Furnace
The PLC controller incorporates a Type 2 has an internal chamber
builtin operator interface and is measuring 1000mm (W) ×
programmed to provide real time 1000mm (H) × 1000mm (D).
heating curves and display all
furnace control information on the System Description
computer screen. The fire
• Four sides of the walls are lined
resistance data management
with special high temperature
software is custom written to
insulating fire bricks on the hot
accept and save data collected
face and precast refractory
during the tests and is configured
castables at the edges exposed
to meet the heating requirements
to the specimen restraint frame
of BS 476 Parts 2022, EN 1363 and
Fire Resistance
223
1 2
1. Cover
2. Motorised damper duct
3. Blower
5 4
4. Indicative Fire Resistance Test Furnace
5. Restraint Frame
1m × 1m Furnace, 2 burners, based Combustion Air Blower to Furnace The software supplied is configured
on an upright furnace position are Burners to meet the heating requirements
installed on the opposite side of the The combustion air system is pre of BS 476 Part 2024, EN 1363 and
furnace wall. A third burner is piped and tested before dispatch. IMO Hydrocarbon test curve. Other
installed near the top of the standard TemperatureTime curves
furnace. Each burner is designed to PLC System can also be preprogrammed into
use liquefied petroleum gas and all The PLC controller comprises a the system.
necessary flame safety systems, builtin operator interface, contains
intermittent pilot systems, and the required recording and Services
temperature sensors are programming capabilities and
Please check with us or your local
incorporated. includes all necessary motor
FTT representatives for the
starters for all motors in the
recommended minimum floor
Lifting and Restraint Frames for system. The system can
space, ceiling height and other
Test Specimens communicate with a SCADA system
services for the use of these fire
A Non Load Bearing Restraint programmed to provide realtime
resistance furnaces.
Frame for mounting a vertical or heating curves and display all
horizontal test specimen is furnace control information on the Due to FTT ’s continuous development policy
supplied. A customised lifting frame computer screen. specifications can change without prior notice.
with two side hooks is provided for
lifting the specimen restraint frame
into the furnace.
224
firetesting firetesting In this Edition
Leading global manufacturer of fire testing instrumentation

technology technology New iCone2+
Standardisation News
Global | Quality | Innovation 2020 Edition
FTT Products / Services
FTT is internationally
recognised as the
world’s leading
supplier of fire testing
instrumentation, supplying
the majority of leading
fire research groups and
Unit 19, Charlwoods Road, East Grinstead,
fire testing laboratories
West Sussex, RH19 2HL, United Kingdom.
around the world.
The most advanced cone calorimeter in the world

sales@fire-testing.com
T: +44 (0)1342 323600

F: +44 (0)1342 323608 FTT is a dedicated and Compact, robust and easy-to-use
PART OF JUDGES SCIENTIFIC PLC passionate team who have Fully automatic
been delivering reliable, Improved serviceability
iCone
ISO ISO
2+
9001:2015 14001:2015
robust and easy-to-use

Quality Environmental
Improved laser mounting system

Management Management
2020 Edition Print Ver 2.0 © 2020 Fire Testing Technology Ltd.
All Rights Reserved. Printed in UK in June, 2020 instruments for over 30 years. 2020
Latest generation gas analyser
Edition
Print
Ver 2.0

Fire Testing Technology Limited

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Fire Testing Technology Limited

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

firetesting firetesting In this Edition

Leading global manufacturer of ﬁre testing instrumentation

The most advanced cone calorimeter in the world

T: +44 (0)1342 323600

robust and easy-to-use

Improved laser mounting system

FIRE TESTING TECHNOLOGY

Standards are the very framework

Sean is also Managing Director of Aitchee Engineering and Sircal Instruments.

FIRE TESTING TECHNOLOGY

iCone2+ – incorporating all of

It is the most advanced, reliable and user­friendly cone calorimeter in

• Online support and remote diagnostics add control of instruments from

FTT Calorimeter Analyser

Turn to page 61 for full product description and speciﬁcations >

FIRE TESTING TECHNOLOGY

Our Cone Calorimeters have

New and existing ﬁre testing instrumentation users

Through our worldwide network of agents,

To further demonstrate our commitment to

If you have any suggestions on how we can

FIRE TESTING TECHNOLOGY

Global instrument service

your laboratory productivity. Software upgradesb No No Yes

Rotational calibrationc No No Yes

Technical support at work for you

FTT ’s ﬁre scientists and technical experts are

For questions pertaining to supplies found in this

This is a digital version of the full catalogue. There are hyperlinks

FIRE TESTING TECHNOLOGY

Instrument Listing by Industry Sectors

Instrument Listing by Fire Test Parameters

Combustion Gas Analysis/Toxicity/Corrosivity

FIRE TESTING TECHNOLOGY

European CPR: Wall, ceiling,

FIRE TESTING TECHNOLOGY

European Fire Testing

FIRE TESTING TECHNOLOGY

FTT engineers have worked with

How are Construction

The Standard splits the products

FIRE TESTING TECHNOLOGY

CLASS TEST METHODS CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA ADDITIONAL CLASSIFICATION

EN ISO 1716 PCS ≤ 2.0 MJ/kg(1) and –

A2 EN ISO 1182(1) ΔT ≤ 50°C; and Δm ≤ 50%; –

EN ISO 1716 PCS ≤ 2.0 MJ/kg(1) and –

EN ISO 11925­2(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 60s

EN ISO 11925­2(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 60s

D EN 13823 FIGRA ≤ 750W/s Smoke production(5) and

EN ISO 11925­2(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 60s

E EN ISO 11925­2(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s Flaming droplets/particles(7)

(1) For homogenous products and substantial components of non­homogenous products.

Table 2 – Classes of Reaction to Fire Performance for Floorings

CLASS TEST METHODS CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA ADDITIONAL CLASSIFICATION

EN ISO 1716 PCS ≤ 2.0 MJ/kg(1) and –

A2ﬂ EN ISO 1182(1) ΔT ≤ 50°C; and Δm ≤ 50%; –

EN ISO 1716 PCS ≤ 3.0 MJ/kg(1) and –

EN ISO 9239­1(5) Critical ﬂux(6) 8.0 kW/m2 Smoke production(7)

Bﬂ EN ISO 9239­1(5) Critical ﬂux(6) 8.0 kW/m2 Smoke production(7)

EN ISO 11925­2(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s

Cﬂ EN ISO 9239­1(5) Critical ﬂux(6) 4.5 kW/m2 Smoke production(7)

EN ISO 11925­2(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s

Dﬂ EN ISO 9239­1(5) Critical ﬂux(6) 3.0 kW/m2 Smoke production(7)

It is the most advanced, reliable and userfriendly cone calorimeter in

EN ISO 119252(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 60s

EN ISO 119252(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 60s

EN ISO 119252(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 60s

E EN ISO 119252(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s Flaming droplets/particles(7)

(1) For homogenous products and substantial components of nonhomogenous products.

EN ISO 92391(5) Critical ﬂux(6) 8.0 kW/m2 Smoke production(7)

Bﬂ EN ISO 92391(5) Critical ﬂux(6) 8.0 kW/m2 Smoke production(7)

EN ISO 119252(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s

Cﬂ EN ISO 92391(5) Critical ﬂux(6) 4.5 kW/m2 Smoke production(7)

EN ISO 119252(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s

Dﬂ EN ISO 92391(5) Critical ﬂux(6) 3.0 kW/m2 Smoke production(7)

EN ISO 119252(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s

Eﬂ EN ISO 119252(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s

(1) For homogeneous products and substantial components of nonhomogeneous products

EN ISO 92391(5) Critical ﬂux(6) 8.0 kW/m2 Smoke production(7)

EN ISO 119252(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 60s

EN ISO 119252(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s

EN ISO 119252(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 60s

EL EN ISO 119252(8) Fs ≤ 150mm within 20s Flaming droplets/particles(6)

(1) For homogeneous products and substantial components of nonhomogeneous products

SingleFlame Source Test

This apparatus determines the non

The FTT noncombustibility

Acidity levels produced by burning cables (EN 5026723)

EN 5026723 Common EN ISO 1716 Reaction to water temperature in the

Table 1 – EN 135016: Classes of reactiontoﬁre performance for electric cables

Eca EN 6033212 H ≤ 425 mm

ISO 56601 Cone

ISO 97052 Furniture

R18* ISO 97052 MARHE [kW] 75 50 20

ISO 56592: 25kW/m2 Ds max 300 250 200

ISO 56592: 50kW/m2 Ds(4) 600 300 150