Paper 1

Implementation of technology in healthcare entities – barriers and success

factors

(Religioni, 2023)

Introduction:
Among the biggest challenges for healthcare, managers are managing conflicting
objectives of high-quality health services and economic aspects. Modern
technologies, including devices and medical systems of early-stage development,
could improve efficiency and effectiveness. However, literature rarely pays
enough attention to the actual adoption of these technologies and what factors
may affect their success. This paper seeks to highlight challenges and enablers
for the integration of technology in healthcare organizations
Literature review
Firstly, the efficient operation of medical facilities in the healthcare market
presents a formidable challenge for managers who have to strike a difficult
balance between providing good health services and also ensuring they adhere
economically. Modern technologies, which are devices as well as systems created
for medical societies aim at improving efficiency and effectiveness. On the other
hand, such literature lacks focus on how these technologies should be
implemented and what factors impact their success. This article seeks to focus on
the barriers and success factors of technology adoption in healthcare institutions.
Accordingly, technological approaches can be implemented throughout different
aspects of medical facility functionalities such as administration; warehouse
management; drug management, and specialized diagnostic operations or
treatments. The implementation of contemporary technologies is essential for the
provision of high-quality patient treatment, effective administration, and
efficiency as well as the profitability of healthcare organizations. The
technological integration ensures better resource utilization and control,
highlighting the role of computerization and technology advancements in
healthcare.
Two major types of innovations are distinguished in the field of health care.
Secondly, innovations in medicine include novel diagnostic techniques,
medications, and associated developments that strive to optimize patients‘
outcomes while minimizing treatment expenses. Second, technology-led
innovations are aimed at rationalizing work processes through system integration
to improve the efficiency of service delivery. These inventions aim to improve
the quality, cost-effectiveness, and performance of healthcare entities. Also, the
creation of barriers to implementation is an unavoidable characteristic of new
technology adoption and may be classified by economic, technical organizational,
or social triggers. Economic challenges arise from the high cost of investing in
and running new technologies, which impacts financially on clinical or
organizations Technical barriers pertain to the lack of employees’ know-how and
skills as well as those of suppliers, which prevents them from properly
implementing modern systems. Organizational barriers refer to organizational
changes requiring the integration of various systems and the adoption of new
standards. Social obstacles and interconnected with the human factor from where
resistance to change, lack of motivation, and fear displace jobs.

Paper 2

The use of information and communication technology in healthcare to

improve participation in everyday life: a scoping review

(Michael Zonneveld, 2019)

Introduction
In their publication, since 2005, the World Health Organization encouraged
member states to work towards “building ICT for health infrastructure as needed
to promote fair and affordable access of its benefits. It also suggested that they
continue working with information agencies and communication alongside other
partners in order to reduce costs making eHealth successful. ICT implementation,
on the other hand, has shown great promise and is therefore worth noticing to
investigate evidence as well as benefits and implications for clinical practice.

Literature review
This scoping review sought to survey and identify the evidence around ICT,
particularly mobile technology use toward increasing participation in day-to-day
life. Eleven studies were identified on targeting participation as an outcome of
ICTs-based interventions. Most of the studies represented participants who had a
stroke (64%). Nine of the eleven studies showed evidence for improved
participation in daily life activities, and six demonstrated a statistically significant
improvement. While many aspects of the results can be discussed, we will focus
on three main findings: These can be identified as potential improvements in
participation through using ICT, secondly first, what we see in these studies
included in this scoping review is that there exists a potential of using ICT-based
interventions to promote participation; but designation differently affects level
evidence offered. RCT designs are traditionally considered more effective than,
for instance, case studies . In three studies, a case study design was used, and one
single group pre-post design. Seven of the included studies used RCT design but,
one revealed considerable improvements in favor of the ICT-based intervention
group compared to the control, while two found insignificant gains in favor In the
third RCT, improvements in participation were observed for both groups with no
significance between intervention and control. The effects of home-based ICT
versus standard basic care at home were compared by Forducey et al. While the
two groups significantly improved, there were fewer visits in the ICT group than
standard face-to-face home care services which implies an indication it could be
cheaper. N Nguyen et al. sought to develop an intervention that would be equally
effective whether delivered using ICT or face-to-face, in order to include a greater
number of COPD patients in the treatment. The success of the study was due to
both treatment groups with better results. Among these three studies, only the
study by Linder et al. posited that the ICT intervention group which comprised
patients who received a home exercise program along a with Hand Mentor Pro
robotic device would perform significantly better than a control group of subjects
receiving the same HEP alone demonstrated in Free College Papers These studies
demonstrate that ICT may be as effective in delivering interventions compared to
face-to-face interventions, while at the same time helping improve healthcare
remoteness and cost-effectiveness. The ability to provide care in the patient’s own
environment increases opportunities for enhancing personal participation due to
a contextually relevant home environment.

Paper 3
Big data analytics in healthcare: a systematic literature review
(Sayantan Khanra, 2020)

The provided text appears to be a literature review discussing the application of Big Data
Analytics (BDA) in healthcare. The review covers various aspects, including the definition and
significance of BDA, its potential applications in healthcare, sources of big data in healthcare,
and the challenges associated with its implementation. Additionally, it outlines specific themes
within the context of healthcare, such as new concepts introduced by BDA, legal and ethical
concerns, and research gaps in the existing literature.

Literature Review
The omnipresence of BDA in the health industry includes clinical decision support, disease
surveillance, and even survival management. The rapid growth of big data, which includes
various observations such as patient demographics, treatment history and diagnostic reports is
constantly growing with each passing minute requiring real-time high-quality information that
enables health care organizations to make better decisions. Technologies are rolled out to keep
pace with the changing characteristics of big data; interdisciplinary links are thereby
established for cohesive disease studies. T At the same time, it identifies critical issues in legal
and ethical aspects of data use within healthcare that include rights to access management,
patient data protection from cyber threats as well as security threat-based equilibrium between
efficiency gains in health care sector associated with high risks of privacy loss. The study
outlines four research questions regarding BDA in healthcare, aligning with five main thematic
areas observed in prior literature: They include health awareness, healthcare ecosystem
stakeholders, hospital management practices as well as particular medical conditions and
technology-enabled service delivery in the field of medicine. The research argues for the gaps
in existing literature, establishing a basis of an all-inclusive agenda on big data application in
healthcare. However, the study accepts its limitations including leaving out book chapters and
magazine articles, non-English publications as well as materials that are either not accessible
or unavailable in selected databases. Future studies should address these limitations; therefore
scholars are urged to conduct research on BDA applications in other industries and take
advantage of future technologies such as blockchain, cloud computing, artificial intelligence in
the healthcare sector. Thus, the text demands a theory of BDA’s specific implementations
development and more general integration of technology in the field as an overall topic with
solid analysis on stage for today through future prospects.

Paper 4
Privacy and biometrics for smart healthcare systems: attacks, and
techniques
(Usman, 2023)
Introduction
The passage talks about the increasing integration of AI and IoT in health care to develop
autonomous, cognizant, plug-and-play systems. The advent of AI with IoT appears as a way to
guarantee effective data gathering, correct information processing, and increased automation
management control. The SHS emerging from this development are based on technologies such
as AI, IoT, Big Data Analytics and digital resources to improve the accuracy, performance
level of healthcare delivery.

Literature review
The given text highlights the importance of IoT as a foundation for new-generation SHS which
involves sensors to produce real time data. Application of AI algorithms to this dataprovides
real-time descriptive, diagnostic and predictive analytics that make it possible for the
automation in healthcare. Sensors that are physically worn, such as fitness trackers and
smartwatches make up SHS since they collect health information which is then transmitted for
analysis in order to draw conclusions about the status of personal health or problems.
Biometric authentication systems, which use unique characteristics of the human body have
become widely used in health care. Physical (fingerprint, iris and face); behavioral (voice
recognition or keyboard rhythm), emerging forms such as hand gestures and social biometric
authentication are considered in the text. Even though this approach is quite accurate, the
limitations concerning data privacy and security as well as a possibility of misuse are
mentioned.
The passage further highlights the role of biometric technology in healthcare for better patient
experience, identification and retrieval of medical records. Biometrics, such as fingerprint
recognition, facial identification and iris scanning are believed to be secure and convenient
patient authentication methods.But at the same time, this text points at problems concerning
security and privacy of data including potential misuses of biometric information as well attack
techniques like spoofing. Summarizing this, the combination of AI and IoT biometric
technologies in healthcare have great potentials for patient care enhancement; data availability
as well as monitoring. On the other hand, privacy and security assurances are essential in
establishing trust among patients and health providers first before implementing such
technologies across board.

Paper 5

Applying artificial intelligence in healthcare: lessons from the COVID-19

pandemic

(Sreejith Balasubramanian, 2023)

The topic relates to difficulties and ineffectiveness of healthcare, which became especially
evident during the COVID-19 pandemic. It accentuates the importance of new thinking and the
adoption of novel approaches, including AI. It is also widely understood that AI has the
potential to drastically increase efficiency, effectiveness and resiliency in healthcare.

As it relates to health care, artificial is defined as the science and technology that gives
computers with software capabilities of carrying out activities similar to how people think.
Such potential AI applications for healthcare include accelerated drug/vaccine discovery,
precise disease detection diagnostics, prediction of pandemic trajectories and improving
resource allocation. The projected value of AI in health care is expected to increase
substantially by 2030. The text highlights the disjointed nature of past studies on AI in
medicine, specifically mentioning limited scopes on different elements like disease detection,
diagnosis, drug discovery and contact tracking. It requires in-depth knowledge of numerous
possible AI uses that could be advantageous to various healthcare stakeholders. Another area
with limited knowledge is the precursors of AI implementation in health care, where earlier
studies usually are restrictive. The absence of information on the extent to which AI
applications affect performance and their improvements for various types of healthcare
stakeholders is also presented. Moreover, the text states that most preceding AI studies in
medicine are based on literature reviews; simulations and conceptual analyses but not empirical
data. Though these obstacles are great, the text still conveys hope for a brighter future of AI
in medicine. It identifies potential use cases like predicting viral mutational sceneries,
assembling various AI methods for reliable outcomes and the application of federated learning
with blockchain to address data privacy confidence issues.
The text emphasizes the transformative capacity of AI in healthcare, encouraging further
conceptualization, qualitative research and construction of supportive frameworks for fruitful
implementation to health care systems.
Bibliography:

Michael Zonneveld, A.-H. P. (2019). The use of information and communication technology
in healthcare to improve participation in everyday life: a scoping review . Disability
and Rehabilitation. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2019.1592246
Religioni, T. P. (2023). Implementation of technology in healthcare entities – barriers and
success factors . Journal of Medical Economics.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13696998.2023.2226537
Sayantan Khanra, A. D. (2020). Big data analytics in healthcare: a systematic literature
review. Enterprise Information Systems.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/17517575.2020.1812005
Sreejith Balasubramanian, V. S. (2023). Applying artificial intelligence in healthcare: lessons
from the COVID-19 pandemic . International Journal of Production Research.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2023.2263102
Usman, A. W. (2023). Privacy and biometrics for smart healthcare systems: attacks, and
techniques. Information Security Journal: A Global Perspective.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/19393555.2023.2260818