The Nature of Ethics

Group 3
Casapangra, Mark Louie
Celeridad, Lea Ann
Cogonon, Marielyn

Introduction to Nature of Ethics

Nature of Morals alludes to the regulating guidelines of conduct relating to the
best set of rules of individuals. This is significantly not quite the same as that of our
sentiments. Our emotions have a significant impact on the ethical decisions we make.
Profoundly created propensities for certain individuals cause them to feel regretful
subsequent to accomplishing something wrong while others could appear to be
unperturbed by any type of bad behavior. The idea of morals additionally can't be
related with the impact of religion. Morals resemble a typical rule which is material to
everyone regardless of his/her religion.

Most religions advocate an elevated degree of moral guidelines. Morals

additionally contrasts in this way from the law. Albeit a policing attempts to consolidate
moral principles, it can stray consequently from the moral rules. Oppressive systems
are scandalous for ruining the overall set of laws before. Being ethical does not always
imply adhering to culturally accepted standards. The US, for instance, deliberately
ignored moral worries like utilizing nuclear weapons on the regular people of Nagasaki
and Hiroshima.

Natural and social science provides important information which assists in

making better ethical choices. Science cannot dictate our path of action. However,
ethics can provide a solid explanation for human behavior. It becomes difficult to identify
the nature of ethics because of the following two problems: How to base our ethical
standards? How to apply these standards while facing a particular situation? Ethicists
and philosophers have tried to answer these above-mentioned questions pertaining to
the nature of ethics. They have suggested these five sources of ethical standards which
can assist us in our decision-making process.

Five Sources Of Ethical Standards

● Utilitarian Approach
● Deontological or Rights Approach
● Justice or Fairness Approach
● Common Good Approach
● Virtue Approach

The Utilitarian Approach

- Moral activity has been underlined by numerous ethicists as that one thing which
makes the best equilibrium of good in contrast with hurt. The least amount of harm is
done to a company's employees, customers, shareholders, the environment, and the
community it serves by engaging in ethical behavior. While managing definitive
outcomes, the Utilitarian methodology attempts to lessen the damage done by
expanding its constructive outcomes.

The Rights Approach Other

- A few rationalists and ethicists maintain the point of view that moral activity needs to
regard and safeguard the ethical privileges of impacted fragments. This approach
accepts that all individuals have a specific measure of respect which is gotten from their
capacity to pick a favored way of life.

The Fairness or Justice Approach

- Greek logicians like Aristotle have contributed significantly to the ideal of balance
among individuals. Cutting edge morals, consequently, treat all people equally. If they
can’t treat humans equally they are dealt with fair and defensible standards.
The Common Good Approach
- Greek thinkers believed that local area life is great in itself. Additionally, they believed
that our actions ought to improve this life. Sympathy and regard for others are the
essential necessities of such thinking.

The Virtue Approach

- This approach lays an exceptional accentuation on temperances like fortitude,
trustworthiness, sympathy, resistance, liberality, honesty, restraint, decency, constancy,
judiciousness and love. These direct us toward realizing our full character potential for
the benefit of humanity.

According to the Oxford English Dictionary (1963), Ethics is a philosophical study and
evaluation of the means and ends of human behavior. Derived from the Greek term
“ethos”, which refers to the nature or disposition of a culture. It is concerned with moral
principles and the moral principles that govern or influence human behavior. Ethics is
defined as the critical analysis of cultural values to determine their validity in terms of
truth and justice. It examines an individual's relation to society, nature, and God, and
how they make ethical decisions influenced by their perception of goodness and
excellence.

The Ethical Matrix

Good Means—Good End (Ethical Behavior)

 - This ethical dilemma is a "good" mean leading to a "good" end, or termed ethical
behavior.

Example

- The presenter used a persuasive argument to persuade a client, leading to

increased market share. This means that the presenter had a good mean, which
resulted in a good end. Ethical behavior is defined as a combination of a good
mean and a good end, demonstrating that good means can lead to good ends.

Bad Means—Bad End (Unethical Behavior)

- In the second ethical dilemma, “bad” mean leading to a “bad” end, or what is
termed unethical behavior.

Example:

- The presenter lied to the client to gain business, leading to a loss of market
share. This bad mean resulted in a bad end, as the client lost part of their market
share before joining the presenter's company. This behavior is considered
unethical.

Bad Means—Good End (Machiavellian Ethic)

- In the third example, there was a “bad” mean that lead to a “good” end, or what is
termed the Machiavellian ethic.
Example:

- The presenter purposefully lied to the client in an effort to sign the client. After the
client signed with the presenter’s business, the client’s share of the market
increased. Here we have a situation where there was a bad mean (lied to client)
that led to a good end (increased market share). When a bad means leads to a
good end, we refer to this as the Machiavellian ethic.

Good Means—Bad End (Subjective Ethic)

- In the final ethical scenario, there was a “good” mean that lead to a “bad” end. or
what is termed the subjective ethic.

Example:

- [The presenter developed a clear argument based on facts in an attempt to

persuade a client (mean), Unfortunately, after the client signed with the
presenter’s company, the client lost part of the market shares he or she had
before getting involved with the presenter’s company (end).

Reference:
https://www.toppr.com/guides/fundamentals-of-laws-and-ethics/ethics-and-business/
nature-of-ethics/#:~:text=Nature%20of%20Ethics%20refers%20to,affected
%20significantly%20by%20our%20feelings.

https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Communication/
Introduction_to_Communication/Organizational_Communication_-
_Theory_Research_and_Practice/02%3A_Organizational_Communication_Ethics/
2.02%3A_Nature_of_Ethics?
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