Drug Study

XAVIER UNIVERSITY ATENEO DE CAGAYAN
COLLEGE OF NURSING
4th Floor Faber Hall Building, Xavier Ateneo Main Campus
73 Corrales Avenue 9000 Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines
DRUG STUDY
Generic Name Salbutamol + Ipratropium

Brand Name Duavent
Dosage 500mcg/2.5mg per 2.5mL neb
Route Inhalation
Frequency Q8H
Preparation
Classification Functional: Belongs to the class of adrenergic in combination
with anticholinergics
Therapeutic: Bronchodilator
Indication
Management of reversible bronchospasm
Mechanism of Ipratropium is a nonselective competitive antimuscarinic agent.

Action It causes bronchodilation by blocking the action of
acetylcholine-induced stimulation of guanyl cyclase, hence
reducing formation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate at
parasympathetic site. Salbutamol activates adenyl cyclase, the
enzyme that stimulates the production of cyclic adenosine- 3’,
5’- monophosphate. Increased cAMP leads to activation of
protein kinase A, which inhibits phosphorylation of myosin and
lower intracellular ionic Ca concentrations, resulting in smooth
muscle relaxation.
Contraindications Hypersensitivity to salbutamol, ipratropium or fenoterol,

atropine or its derivatives. Hypertrophic obstructive
cardiomyopathy, tachyarrhythmia
Adverse CNS: Tremors

Reactions CV: Arrhythmias, tachycardia
GU: Urinary retention
General: Urinary Retention
CNS: Nervousness, dizziness, headache

Side Effects GI: Nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, throat irritation
Men and Women for Others.

Official Website: http://www.xu.edu.ph/college-of-nursingOfficial Email Address: nursing@xu.edu.ph Official Phone Number: (088) 853-9800 local 9817, 9446, 9447, 9448, 9449
COLLEGE OF NURSING
Nursing
Responsibilities
o Assess vital signs before and after administration
o Assess client history for any contraindications
o Assess for any hypersensitivity to any component of the
drug Assess drugs already being taken for any
adverse drug interactions
o Explain the side effects that may occur and also danger
signs for adverse reactions
o Instruct patients/ SO with the proper use or steps of the
procedure
DRUG STUDY
Generic Name Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)

Brand Name Asphen
Dosage 100 mg
Route PO
Frequency Q12H
Preparation Tablet
Classification Therapeutic: NSAIDs
Pharmacologic: Salicylates
Indication o To reduce risk of MI in patients with previous MI,

unstable angina, chronic stable angina pectoris.
o To reduce risks of recurrent TIAs and stroke or death to
patients at risk
Mechanism of
Action Thought to produce analgesia and exert its anti-inflammatory
effect by inhibiting prostaglandin and other substances that
sensitize pain receptors. Drug may relieve fever through
central action in the hypothalamic heat-regulating center. In
low doses, drug also appears to interfere with clotting by on
keeping a platelet-aggregating substance so from forming.

COLLEGE OF NURSING
Contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to drug and in those

Contraindications with NSAID-induced sensitivity reactions, G6PD deficiency, or
bleeding disorders, such as hemophilia, von Willebrand
disease, telangiectasia, bleeding ulcers, and hemorrhagic
states.
© Alert: Carefully weigh the risks and bene. fits of using drug
during pregnancy.
• Use cautiously in patients with Gl lesions, impaired renal
function, hypoprothrombinemia, vitamin K deficiency,
thrombocytopenia, or thrombotic thrombocytopenic.
Avoid use in patients with severe hepatic impairment or history

of active peptic ulcer disease.
© Alert: Oral and rectal OTC products containing aspirin and
no aspirin salicylates shouldn't be given to children or
teenagers who have or are recovering from chickenpox or
flulike symptoms with or without fever because of the risk of
Reye syndrome.
Adverse CNS: Agitation, cerebral edema, coma, confusion, dizziness,

Reactions headache, lethargy, seizures, subdural or intracranial
hemorrhage.
CV: arrhythmias, hypotension, tachycardia.
EENT: tinnitus, hearing loss.
GI: nausea, GI bleeding, dyspepsia, GI distress, occult
bleeding, pancreatitis, vomiting.
Side Effects o Stomach or gut irritation

o Indigestion
o Nausea
Nursing o For inflammatory conditions, rheumatic fever, and

Responsibilities thrombosis, give aspirin on a schedule rather than as
needed.
o Because enteric-coated and sustained-release tablets
are slowly absorbed, they aren't suitable for rapid relief
of acute pain, fever, or inflammation. They cause less

COLLEGE OF NURSING
GI bleeding and may be better suited for long-term
therapy, such as for arthritis.
o For patients who can't tolerate oral drugs, ask prescriber
about using aspirin rectal suppositories. Watch for rectal
mucosal irritation or bleeding.
o Febrile, dehydrated children can develop toxicity rapidly.
o Monitor elderly patients closely because they may be
more susceptible to aspirin's toxic effects.
o Monitor salicylate level. Therapeutic salicylate level for
arthritis is 150 to 300 mcg/mL. Tinnitus may occur at
levels a above 200 mcg/mL, but this isn't a reliable
indicator of toxicity, especially in very young patients
and those older than age 60. With long-term therapy,
severe toxic effects may occur with levels exceeding
400 mcg/mL.
o During prolonged therapy, assess hematocrit, Hb level,
PI, INR, and renal function periodically. 19719
o Drug irreversibly inhibits platelet aggregation. Stop drug
5 to 7 days before elective surgery to allow time for
production and is release of new platelets.
o Monitor patient for hypersensitivity reactions, such as
anaphylaxis and asthma.
o Look alike-sound alike: Don't confuse bi aspirin with
Asendin or Afrin.
DRUG STUDY
Generic Name Phenylpropanolamine HCI + Brompheniramine Malate

Brand Name Nasatapp
Dosage Phenylpropanolamine HCl 15 mg and Brompheniramine
maleate 12 mg
Route PO
Frequency BID
Preparation Tablet
Classification Belongs to the class of systemic sympathomimetic
preparations used as nasal decongestants.
Indication Indicated for allergic and vasomotor or other hyperactive nasal

disorders and acute coryza, relief of nasal congestion and
hypersecretion. Relief of nasal congestion in infants up to
children 12 years of age.

COLLEGE OF NURSING
Phenylpropanolamine acts directly on alpha- and, to a lesser

Mechanism of degree, beta-adrenergic receptors in the mucosa of the
Action respiratory tract. Stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors
produces vasoconstriction, reduces tissue hyperemia, edema,
and nasal congestion, and increases nasal airway patency.
Brompheniramine is an antagonist of the H1 histamine
receptors with moderate antimuscarinic actions, as with other
common antihistamines such as diphenhydramine. Due to its
anticholinergic effects, brompheniramine may cause
drowsiness, sedation, dry mouth, dry throat, blurred vision, and
increased heart rate.
Contraindications Brompheniramine is contraindicated in patients with known

brain damage or epilepsy.
Serious side effects are unlikely to occur. Stop taking

Adverse brompheniramine and phenylpropanolamine and seek
Reactions emergency medical attention if you experience an allergic
reaction (difficulty breathing; closing of your throat; swelling of
your lips, tongue, or face; or hives).
Severe hypertension, drowsiness, lassitude, nausea,

Side Effects giddiness, dry mouth, mydriasis, increased irritability and
excitement.
o Assess for possible cautions and contraindications: any

history of allergy to the drug or a component of the drug
Nursing vehicle; glaucoma; hypertension; diabetes; thyroid
Responsibilities disease; coronary disease; and prostate problems;
pregnancy and lactation, and acute infections, all of
which could be exacerbated by the sympathomimetic
effects and which require cautious use of the drug.
o Perform a physical examination to establish baseline
data for assessing the effectiveness of the drug and the
occurrence of any adverse effects associated with drug
therapy.

COLLEGE OF NURSING
o Assess skin color and temperature to assess the
sympathetic response.
o Evaluate orientation and reflexes to evaluate the central
nervous system (CNS) effects of the drug.
o Monitor pulse, blood pressure, and cardiac auscultation
to assess cardiovascular and sympathomimetic effects.
o Evaluate respirations and adventitious breath sounds to
assess the effectiveness of the drug and the potential
excess effect.
o Evaluate nasal mucous membrane to monitor for
lesions that could lead to systemic absorption and to
evaluate the decongestant effect.
o Monitor urinary output to evaluate for urinary retention.
o Monitor temperature to monitor for the possibility of
acute infection.
DRUG STUDY
Generic Name Natalac Capsule

Brand Name Moringa oleifera Lam
Dosage 500 mg
Route PO
Frequency BID
Preparation Capsule
Classification Supplements & Adjuvant Therapy
Indication Natural health supplement for nursing mothers especially

those with inadequate lactation.
Malunggay (Moringa oleifera Lam.) has gained acceptance as

Mechanism of food supplement to help stimulate milk let-down, improve milk
Action flow & milk production due to its safety and efficacy. It has
been used by generations of nursing mothers especially those
with inadequate lactation.
Malunggay, known as a "miracle vegetable", is an outstanding
indigenous source of natural phytonutrients that have
antibiotic, hypotensive, antispasmodic, anti-ulcer, anti-
inflammatory, anti-cancer, hypocholesterolemia and
hypoglycemic activities. Malunggay is also rich in antioxidants.
NATALAC & NATALAC FORTE Capsules contains young
malunggay leaves, which come from selected high-quality,

COLLEGE OF NURSING
healthy, organically grown and chemical-free malunggay trees.
It is rich in iron, calcium, phosphorus, Vitamins A and C, and
proteins. It has been clinically proven to increase the secretion
of breastmilk, which contains antibodies that protect the infant
from infections.
Contraindications There are no widely reported contraindications for malunggay

capsules consumptions.
Adverse Adverse reactions are not well documented

Reactions
Side effects are not well documented but some reported

Side Effects digestive disturbances, hypotension, and GI upset
o Assess patient medical history, allergies, current

medications.
Nursing o Provide information about the purpose of malunggay
Responsibilities capsules
o Educate on proper dosage, frequency, and timing
o Monitor patients vital signs of allergic reactions such as
skin rashes.


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XAVIER UNIVERSITY ATENEO DE CAGAYAN

Generic Name Salbutamol + Ipratropium

Mechanism of Ipratropium is a nonselective competitive antimuscarinic agent.

Contraindications Hypersensitivity to salbutamol, ipratropium or fenoterol,

Adverse CNS: Tremors

CNS: Nervousness, dizziness, headache

Men and Women for Others.

Generic Name Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)

Indication o To reduce risk of MI in patients with previous MI,

Men and Women for Others.

Contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to drug and in those

Avoid use in patients with severe hepatic impairment or history

Adverse CNS: Agitation, cerebral edema, coma, confusion, dizziness,

Side Effects o Stomach or gut irritation

Nursing o For inflammatory conditions, rheumatic fever, and

Men and Women for Others.

Generic Name Phenylpropanolamine HCI + Brompheniramine Malate

Indication Indicated for allergic and vasomotor or other hyperactive nasal

Men and Women for Others.

Phenylpropanolamine acts directly on alpha- and, to a lesser

Contraindications Brompheniramine is contraindicated in patients with known

Serious side effects are unlikely to occur. Stop taking

Severe hypertension, drowsiness, lassitude, nausea,

o Assess for possible cautions and contraindications: any

Men and Women for Others.

Generic Name Natalac Capsule

Indication Natural health supplement for nursing mothers especially

Malunggay (Moringa oleifera Lam.) has gained acceptance as

Men and Women for Others.

Contraindications There are no widely reported contraindications for malunggay

Adverse Adverse reactions are not well documented

Side effects are not well documented but some reported

o Assess patient medical history, allergies, current

Men and Women for Others.

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