LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

CHAPTER III:
THE MAKING OF A LEADER
 Birth of Rizal
❖ June 19, 1861
⚫ Parents
Francisco Mercado and
Teodora Alonzo
Seventh of eleven children and the younger of
two boys
⚫ Rizal means "field of green wheat" in spanish
⚫ Calamba, Laguna
⚫ Jose Protacio Mercado y Alonzo Realonda
⚫ His paternal forebears choose the name
 Birth of Rizal
⚫ Physical Attributes
Large, beautiful, slanting eyes
Full lips
Prominent cheekbones
Nose that slightly widened
downward
Medium dark complexion
5 ft 3 inches tall
Birth of Rizal
⚫ Rizal's Coat
Measurement
Shoulder width 16“
armpit 17"
collar base to the hem
31“
arm length 24 3/4“
chest 37“
waist line 25 - 26
 Birth of Rizal
⚫ Rizal's Pants
Length 41"
Waist 25-26“
Hips 18&quot"
midway 8"
cuffs 7 3/4"
⚫ Hat
6 1/2 across, 8" inside
 Birth of Rizal
⚫ The family of Rizal went to Calamba to lease
lands for cultivation from the Dominican
Friars
⚫ Don Francisco developed the lands and
became town's wealthiest men
⚫ Their house was large and substantial along
Calle Real
⚫ Typical houses during Hispanic times
 Birth of Rizal
⚫ Ground floor was
made of lime and
stone, upper story
was made of best
hardwood, and
roof is red tile.
Narra and molave
logs for the house
construction that
took for 2 years
 Rizal’s Family
⚫ Domingo Lamco
The Family’s Paternal ascendant
Full blooded Chinese
Anoy, China
Married Ines de la Rosa
⚫ Mercado-Rizal Family
Japanese, Spanish, Malay blood and Chinese
 Rizal’s Family
⚫ Doña Teodora Alonzo
Mother of Rizal
Meisik Sta Cruz Manila
November 9, 1826 - August
16, 1911
Studied at Colegio de Sta.
Rosa Manila
Literature, Poetry, Spoke
Spanish Fluently
Mathematician
"Loving and Prudent
Mother"
 Rizal’s Family
⚫ Don Francisco Mercado
Father of Rizal
Biñan, Laguna
May 11, 1818 - Jan 5, 1898
Studied Latin and
Philosophy
Colegio de San Jose Manila
"Model of Father"
 Rizal’s Family
⚫ Jose Rizal’s Siblings
oSaturnina Rizal (1890-1913)
Eldest Child
Married to Manuel Timoteo
Hidalgo of Tanuan Batangas
oPaciano Rizal (1851-1930)
Second Child
Studied at Colegio de San Juan in
Manila
Farmer
General of the 1896 Philippine
Revolution
 Rizal’s Family
o Narcisa Rizal (1852-1939)
Third Child
Teacher and Musician
Married to Antonio Lopez of
Morong Rizal
o Olympia Rizal (1855 -1887)
Fourth Child
Married to Sylvester
o Lucia Rizal (1857-1919)
Fifth Child
Married Mariano Herbosa
 Rizal’s Family
o Maria Rizal (1859 -1945)
Sixth Child
Married Daniel Faustino
Cruz of Biñan, Laguna
o Concepcion Rizal
(1862-1865)
Eighth Child
Died at the age of three
o Josefa Rizal (1865-1945)
Ninth Child
Epeleptic
Spinster
 Rizal’s Family
o Trinidad Rizal
(1868-1951)
Tenth Child
Spinster
o Soledad Rizal
(1870 - 1929)
Youngest Child
Married Pantaleon Quintero
 Early Manifestations of Rizal's
Innate Talents
⚫ Rizal education and the
environment in which he
grew up
Calamba, Laguna
Favorite hobbies:
Sketch and modelling
clay
 Early Manifestations of Rizal's
Innate Talents
•Sample sketches of Rizal
1. Suez Canal
2. Monkey and the Tortoise
3. A sketch of himself
 Early Manifestations of Rizal's
Innate Talents
•Sample clay models of Rizal:
1. Bust of father Guericco, S.
J., modelled memory by
Rizal. Now in the Ateneo,
Manila
2. Clay statue of a wild boar,
done by rizal in Dapitan
3. Clay model of Dapitan
woman, from life by Rizal
 Early Manifestations of Rizal's Innate
Talents
⚫ Education
Rizal's mother was his first teacher
at the age of 3, he learned alphabet and prayers
His father provide him a library
at the age of 5, he was already able to read the Spanish
bible
at eight , he composed a drama and he wrote a poem
entitled "Sa Aking Kabata“
Maestro Lucas Padua "Leon Monroy" a former
classmate of Rizal's father became the boy's tutor
*He is 9 yrs old when he left Calamba and sent to
Biñan
 Early Manifestations of Rizal's
Innate Talents
⚫ Influencer
Rizal's uncle Manuel taught him Athletics (fencing,
wrestling, and swimming)
Early Manifestations of Rizal's
Innate Talents
Uncle Gregorio who instilled into his mind
love for education
Parish Priest Fr. Leoncio Lopez who taught
him to become independent thinker of wide
intelligence and fair judgement
 Early Manifestations of Rizal's
Innate Talents
⚫ Rizal became the most formidable intellectual in his
time.
A writer of novels and countless tracks
A poet who became his masterpiece a few hours
before his expected death, "Mi Ultimo Adios" (
Ang huling Paalam )
A painter
A sculptor of no mean ability
A linguistic conversant in 22 tongues.
 The First Taste of Injustice
⚫ Jose Alberto
Brother of Doña Teodora
One of the wealthiest man in
Biñan
Had an unfaithful wife
⚫ Doña Teodora
Intervened with the plan of Jose
Alberto to separate with his wife
 The First Taste of Injustice
⚫ The wife of Jose Alberto conspired with the Spanish
lieutenant of the Guardia Civil.
⚫ Doña Teodora was made to walk 50 kilometers from
Calamba to the capital of Laguna, then was Sta. Cruz
⚫ Don Francisco de Marcaida & Don Manuel Mazano –
most famous lawyers of Manila, defended Doña
Teodora in court
 The First Taste of Injustice
⚫ After 2 ½ years – the Royal Audiencia acquitted Doña
Teodora by Governor-General Izquierdo
⚫ Because of young Soledad
 The Cavite Mutiny of 1872
⚫ GOMBURZA
Fr. Mariano Gomez, Fr.
Jose Burgos, Fr. Jacinto
Zamora
Were unjustly accused of
having incited a mutiny in
Cavite
Garrote
Rizal was only 11 years
old
The Cavite Mutiny of 1872
⚫ Rizal wrote to
Mariano Ponce on
April 18, 1889
⚫ Racial
Discrimination