12 MATRICES

03 Chapter 01
Matrices

MATRICES
MATRICES

Previous Year Questions

1. If for a square matrix A, A2 − 3 A + I = O and [CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)]

−1
A = xA + yI , then the value of x + y is :  0 1 
7. If A =   , then A
2023
is equal to
(a) 2 (b) 2  0 0 
(c) 3 (d) −3 0 1  0 2023
(a)   (b) 
[CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)] 0 0  0 0 
2. If A = 2 , where A is a 2 × 2 matrix, then 4A−1 0 0   2023 0 
(c)   (d)  
equals: 0 0   0 2023 
(a) 4 (b) 2 [CBSE 65-2-1 (2023)]
1 2 0
(c) 8 (d)
32 8. If   = P + Q , where P is a symmetric and Q is
5 4
[CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)]
a skew symmetric matrix, then Q is equal to
3. Let A be a 3 × 3 matrix such that adj A = 64 . Then
 5  −5 
A is equal to : 2 2 0 2
(a)   (b)  
(b) – 8 only 5
5 4 0
(a) 8 only
(c) 64 (d) 8 or – 8  2   2 
[CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)]  5  −5 
3 4  0 2 2 2 
4. If A =   and 2A + B is a null matrix, then B is (c)   (d)  
5 2   −5 0 5 4 
equal to :  2   2 
 6 8  −6 −8  [CBSE 65-2-1 (2023)]
(a)   (b)  
10 4   −10 −4  1 2 1
9. If  2 3 1 is non-singular matrix and a  A , then the
 5 8  −5 −8
(c)   (d)    3 a 1
10 3  −10 −3
[CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)] set A is
 0 1 (a) (b) 0
If A =   and ( 3I + 4 A )( 3I − 4 A ) = x I , then the
2
5.
 −1 0  (c) 4 (d) − 4
value(s) x is/are : [CBSE 65-2-1 (2023)]
(a)  7 (b) 0  −3 −2 −4 1 2 0
(c) 5 (d) 25 10. (a) If A =  2 1 2  , B =  −2 −1 −2  , then find
[CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)]  2 1 3   0 −1 1 
 1 2 −2   3 −1 1  AB and use it to solve the following system of
6. (a) If A =  −1 3 0  and B =  −15 6 −5 ,
−1
equations :
 0 −2 1   5 −2 2  x − 2y = 3
2x − y − z = 2
find ( AB ) .
−1

−2 y + z = 3
OR
(b) Solve the following system of equations by matrix OR
method : cos  − sin  0
x + 2 y + 3z = 6 (b) If f ( ) =  sin  cos  0 , prove that
2x − y + z = 2  0 0 1 
3x + 2 y − 2 z = 3 f ( )  f ( −  ) = f ( −  )
 MATRICES

[CBSE 65-2-1 (2023)]  a b   a −b 

17. The product    is equal to
 1 4 x  −b a   b a 
11. If A =  z 2 y  is a symmetric matrix, then the
a 2 + b2 0  ( a + b ) 2 0
 −3 −1 3  (a)   (b)  
a + b2  ( a + b ) 0 
2 2
 0
value of x + y + z is:
(a) 10 (b) 6 a 2 + b2 0 a 0
(c)  2  (d)  
a + b 0 b
2
(c) 8 (d) 0 0
[CBSE 65-3-1 (2023)] [CBSE 65-4-1 (2023)]
3 0 0 18. If A is a square matrix and A = A , then ( I + A) − 3 A
2 2

12. If A. ( adj A) = 0 3 0  , then the value of A + adj A

is equal to :
0 0 3
(a) I (b) A
is equal to : (c) 2A (d) 3I
(a) 12 (b) 9 [CBSE 65-4-1 (2023)]
(c) 3 (d) 27 19. If a matrix A = 1 2 3 , then the matrix AA ' (where A '
[CBSE 65-3-1 (2023)]
13. A and B are skew-symmetric matrices of same order. is the transpose of A ) is :
AB is symmetric, if : 1 0 0 
(a) AB = O (b) AB = − BA (a) 14 (b)  0 2 0 
(c) AB = BA (d) BA = O  0 0 3 
[CBSE 65-3-1 (2023)]
1 2 3 
  (c)  2 3 1 
14. For what value of x  0,  , is A + A ' = 3I , where (d) [14]
 2  3 1 2
 cos x sin x 
A= ? [CBSE 65-4-1 (2023)]
 − sin x cos x  1 −1 2 
(a)

(b)
 20. Find the inverse of the matrix A = 0 2 −3 . Using
3 6 3 −2 4 

(c) 0 (d) the inverse, A−1 , solve the system of linear equations
2
x − y + 2 z = 1;2 y − 3z = 1;3x − 2 y + 4 z = 3 .
[CBSE 65-3-1 (2023)]
[CBSE 65-4-1 (2023)]
1 0 2 
21. If for a square matrix A , A − A + I = O , then A−1
A = 0 2 1  ,
2
15. (a) If then show that
equals
 2 0 3
(a) A (b) A + I
A3 − 6 A2 + 7 A + 2I = O . (c) I − A (d) A − I
OR [CBSE 65-5-1 (2023)]
3 2  −1 1 0  x 0
(b) If A =   , then find A and use it to solve 22. If A =   , B =  1 1  and A = B then x equals
2

 5 − 7   2 1   
the following system of equations : (a) 1 (b) −1
3x + 5 y = 11, 2 x − 7 y = −3 . (c) 1 (d) 2
[CBSE 65-3-1 (2023)] [CBSE 65-5-1 (2023)]
1   2  4  1 2 3
16. If x   + y   =   , then
2 5  9  23. If A =  3 −2 1 , then show that
(a) x = 1, y = 2 (b) x = 2, y = 1  4 2 1

(c) x = 1, y = −1 (d) x = 3, y = 2 A3 − 23 A − 40I = O .

[CBSE 65-4-1 (2023)] [CBSE 65-5-1 (2023)]
15 MATRICES

Solutions
0 10 5  6  35 1
1     1   
1. (b) 2  X = 7 −11 5   2 = 35 = 1
35 35
2. (c) 8 7 4 −5  3 35 1
3. (d) 8 or – 8 x = 1, y = 1, z = 1
 −6 −8  0 0 
4. (b)   (c) 
 −10 −4 
7. 
0 0 
5. (c) ± 5
 −5 
 1 2 −2   3 −1 1  0 2
(a) A =  −1 3 0  , B −1 =  −15 6 −5
8. (b)  
6. 5 0
 0 −2 1   5 −2 2   2 

( AB )
−1
= B −1 A−1 9. (d) − 4

A = 1( 3) − 2 ( −1) − 2 ( 2 ) = 3 + 2 − 4 = 1  0 1 0 0 
10. (a) AB = 0 1 0
3 2 6
0 0 1 
adj ( A) = 1 1 2
 2 2 5   B −1 = A
The given system of equations can be written as:
3 2 6
 x  3
A = 1 1 2 
1
−1

1 BT  X = C , X =  y  , C =  2
 2 2 5 
 z   3
 3 −1 1   3 2 6 
X = ( BT )  C = ( B −1 )  C = AT  C
−1 T

B A =  −15 6 −5 1 1 2

−1 −1

 5 −2 2   2 2 5   −3 2 2  3
 10 7 21   X =  −2 1 1   2

=  −49 −34 −103  −4 2 3  3
 17 12 36   x  1 
OR   y  =  −1 x = 1, y = −1, z = 1
(b) Given system is  z   1 
1 2 3   x   6  OR
 2 −1 1   y  =  2 (b) LHS
    
 3 2 −2   z   3 cos  − sin  0  cos  sin  0
A. X = B  X = A−1 B = f ( ) f ( −  ) =  sin  cos  0  − sin  cos  0
A = 35  0
 0 0 1   0 0 1 

A11 = 0, A12 = 7, A13 = 7

cos  cos  + sin  sin  cos  sin  − sin  cos  0
A21 = 10, A22 = −11, A23 = 4
= sin  cos  − cos  sin  sin  sin  + cos  cos  0
A31 = 5, A32 = 5, A33 = −5
 0 0 1 
0 10 5 
cos ( −  ) − sin ( −  ) 0 
 A = 7 −11 5 
1 
−1
 
35 =  sin ( −  ) cos ( −  ) 0 
7 4 −5
 0 0 1 
= f ( −  ) = RHS
11. (d) 0
 MATRICES

12. (a) 12 A = 1( 8 − 6 ) + 1( 0 + 9 ) + 2 ( 0 − 6 ) = −1  0
13. (c) AB = BA
 A is invertible.

14. (b)
6  2 0 −1
adj A =  −9 −2 3 
5 0 8 
 −6 −1 2 
15. (a) getting, A =  2 4 5 
2

8 0 13  −2 0 1 
adj A =  9 2 −3
−1 1
A =
 21 0 34  A
 6 1 −2
getting, A3 = 12 8 23
34 0 55 The given system of equation can be written as AX = B
, when
 A3 − 6 A2 + 7 A + 2 I =
1 −1 2   x 1
 21 0 34 30 0 48  7 0 14   2 0 0     
A = 0 2 −3 , X =  y  , B = 1
12 8 23 − 12 24 30  +  0 14 7  + 0 2 0 
        3 −2 4   z  3
34 0 55 48 0 78 14 0 21 0 0 2 
 X = A−1 B
0 0 0 
 x   −2 0 1  1 1 
= 0 0 0  = O
  y  =  9 2 −3 = 1 =  2
0 0 0 
 z   6 1 −2 3 1 
OR
 x = 1, y = 2, z = 1
 −7 −2 
(b) adj A =   21. (c) I − A
 −5 3 
22. (c) 1
A = −31
19 4 8 
−1  −7 −2  23. Getting A =  1 12 8 
2
A−1 =
31  −5 3  14 6 15
Given system of equations is
 63 46 69
 3 5   x   11  Getting A = 69 −6 23
3
 2 −7   y  =  −3
     92 46 63
 x  11 
which is A ' X = B , where X =   , B =   A3 − 23 A − 40I =
 
y  −3
 63 46 69  23 46 69   40 0 0 
 X = ( A ') B
−1 69 −6 23 − 69 −46 23 −  0 40 0 
     
 X = ( A−1 ) ' B 92 46 63 92 46 23  0 0 40 

−1  −7 −5  11   2  0 0 0 
= =
31  −2 3   −3 1  = 0 0 0  = O
x = 2, y = 1 0 0 0 
16. (b) x = 2, y = 1
a 2 + b2 0 
17. (a)  
 0 a + b2 
2

18. (a) I
19. (d) [14]
1 −1 2 
20. A = 0 2 −3
3 −2 4 