Oral Communication

Oral Communication in Context

Quarter 2 – Module 3: Employing Various Communicative Strategies in Different
Situations: Nomination and Restriction: Repair and Termination
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Cherie M. Olesco

Editor: Arlene I. Donor
Layout Artist: Marisol Aspuria Baguisi
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso EdD
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and OIC-
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

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Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
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Printed in the Philippines by the Department of Education – Schools Division of Pasig City
 Oral Communication

Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 3
Employing Various Communicative Strategies in
Different Situations: Nomination and Restriction:
Repair and Termination
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Oral Communication Self-Learning Module on Employing

Various Communicative Strategies in Different Situations: Nomination and
Restriction: Repair and Termination.

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed, and reviewed

by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its Officer-in-
Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin, in
partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor, Honorable Victor Ma.
Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using
the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in developing this instructional
resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st-century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body
of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they
do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the Oral Communication Self-Learning Module on Employing

Various Communicative Strategies in Different Situations: Nomination and
Restriction: Repair and Termination.

The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often used
to depict skill, action, and purpose. Through our hands, we may learn, create, and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner is
capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and skills at
your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning material while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills that

you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson at

hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts and

skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and application

of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

This is your self-instructional module in Oral Communication in Context.

All the activities provided in this lesson will help you learn and employ various
communicative strategies in different in different situations: Nomination
and Restriction: Repair and Termination.
Specifically, you will learn the following:
1. distinguish various types of communicative strategies: nomination,
restriction, repair and termination;
2. use acceptable, polite, and meaningful communicative strategies in
different situations; and
3. reflect on one’s learning on the types of communicative strategy.

PRETEST

Directions: Read the conversation below and answer the questions that follow.

Scenario: Friends planning an outing.

Che: Hey, girls! How are you? Are you ready for our outing on Friday?
Eve: We’re okay. Yes, I am ready. How about you Lanz and Kate?
Lanz and Kate: Sure! We’re very much excited!
Che: Okay, here are the things we need to prepare before Friday: Clothes for two-
night stay, chips for our snacks, play cards and scrabble board, toiletries and a
towel and most of all, money. Everybody will not bring their pets as these are not
allowed in the hotel we are staying. Boyfriend for this is all girls’ get away, so
please don’t. And lastly, cellphone because we want to enjoy the moments. So is
this clear with you, girls?
Eve: I think I am not okay without cellphone. My boyfriend always checks me
every night.
Che: No. We want to enjoy the moment away from the city so as much as possible
please leave it to avoid distractions.
Eve: I promise I will limit my use of it.
Che: Still no. If I allow you to bring your phone, then Lanz and Kate would ask
to bring their cellphone too because that’s going to be unfair to them. After this
outing you have all the time to talk to him. Just concentrate on this and I promise
you will enjoy and will not regret it.
Eve: Okay, I understand.
Che: Any more questions?
Everybody: None. it’s crystal clear!
Che: Cool! I’ll see you tomorrow. 5:00 pm sharp! Bye!
Everybody: See you, take care!

Questions:
1. Which of the following lines is nomination?
A. We’re okay. Yes, I am ready. How about you Lanz and Kate?
B. Hey, girls! How are you? Are you ready for our outing on Friday?
C. Sure! We’re very much excited!
D. None. it’s crystal clear!
2. Which of the following lines is Restriction?
A. Still no. If I allow you to bring your phone, then Lanz and Kate would
ask to bring their cellphone too because that’s going to be unfair to
them.
B. Hey, girls! How are you? Are you ready for our outing on Friday?
C. Sure! We’re very much excited!
D. None. it’s crystal clear!
3. Which of the following lines is Repair?
A. None. it’s crystal clear!
B. Okay, I understand.
C. Cool! I’ll see you tomorrow. 5:00 pm sharp! Bye!
D. After this outing you have all the time to talk to him. Just concentrate
on this and I promise you will enjoy and will not regret it.
 4. Which of the following lines is Termination?
A. Okay, I understand.
B. Any more questions?
C. Cool! I’ll see you tomorrow. 5:00 pm sharp! Bye!
D. I promise I will limit my use of it.

RECAP

In the previous lesson, you learned the two of the various communicative
strategies and these were: Topic Control and Topic Shifting.
Now, let us see what you remember in the past lesson. Fill in the box 3
examples of Topic Shifting and 3 examples of Topic Control.

Topic Shifting Topic Control

LESSON

As learners of the second language, we need to learn how to communicate

our ideas properly to avoid miscommunication in any situation. Therefore, we
need to use communicative strategies when we communicate with different
people we meet. Communicative strategies are strategies that
individuals use to overcome communication problems in order to convey their
intended meaning and avoid ambiguity. These strategies may include
paraphrasing, substitution, coining new words, switching to the first language,
and asking for clarification.
Types of Communicative Strategy
a. Nomination – is a strategy that is used when introducing a topic at the
beginning of a communicative situation. It is a strategy that can also be
applied any time during the course of an interaction as a way of continuing
the communication. When this strategy is used, the topic is introduced in
a clear and truthful manner, stating only what is relevant to keep the
interaction focused. presenting a particular topic clearly, truthfully, and
saying only what is relevant.
Examples:
 Hey, have you watched the news about Lebanon bombing?
 The weather today is weird. Have you noticed it?
 I am late for my class again because of the heavy traffic. I think I
need to rent a place nearby.
b. Restriction – A strategy that is constraining the response or reaction
within a set of categories. The listener is forced to respond only within a
set of categories that is made by the speaker.
Example: Sit up straight. Avoid talking to your seatmate.
Restriction can be used in different situations. Examples of these
situations are: A Mother telling her child not to go outside the house, a
friend telling her friends not to call her during the midnight, a Teacher
setting classrooms rules, like what is stated on the example above.
Restriction can make the conversation smooth and it avoids unnecessary
conversation to start up.
c. Repair - Repair is overcoming communication breakdown to send more
comprehensible messages. This is when the speaker tries to understand
the receiver and vice versa.
Examples:
 The reason why you need to sit up straight while in class is because
you might fall asleep. I hope you understand.
 What I was trying to say is different from what you understood.
 Here’s a clearer explanation to that issue.
 Repeating is a good way of correcting one self and gives the speaker
time to do just that. Recasting means changing the form of a message that
cannot be understood. It allows the speaker to say the message in another
way so that the listener can understand what is originally
incomprehensible.
d. Termination - ends the interaction through verbal and nonverbal
messages that both speaker and listener send to each other. Sometimes
the termination is quick and short. Sometimes it is prolonged by
clarification, further questions, or the continuation of the topic already
discussed.
Examples:
 Basically, that’s all! Any question guys?
 If you don’t have questions, That’s it. Good bye!

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1: Guided Practice

Read the conversation of the cousins below and identify the Nomination,
Restriction, Repair, and Termination used in their conversation. Answer it on
your notebook.

Chey: Hey, Annie! How are you? It's
been a while since the last time we
see each other.
Annie: Hey, what's up? Yes, it's been
a while Chey! I miss you. How are you
and your family?
Chey: Oh, we're good... I miss you
Annie: Good. How about Auntie and
your sister? How are they?
Chey: They're doing good, too. How
are you and your boyfriend?
Chey: Wow! at long last, you both
are tying the knot! when is the exact
date?
Annie: Oh, don't be too excited. We'll
let you know when... Of course you
must be there. How about you?
When are you going to bring that
lucky guy?
Chey: No.. Hang on... I'm serious...
when is the tentative date? because
Annie: We're doing great! In fact,
we're planning to get married soon.
Annie: John and I have not finalized
the date yet but it would be sometime
on my birth month next year. Please
come! I would be sad if you won't.
Chey: Okay then. I won't plot my
future travel pans on that month.
Annie: Oh, thank you! So how about
you? Who's the lucky guy?
Chey: You will meet him on your big
day. Any wedding motif yet?
Annie: We're still thinking about it.
Any suggestion?
Chey: Yours and his favorite color! Or
a touch of gold!
Chey: Be pretty and sexy on your
wedding day, couz! That's a once in a
lifetime... make all your photos worth
staring for a lifetime.
Annie: Yes, and you too! Stick on
your diet! You must be pretty and
sexy too!
By the way, how's your job?
Chey: It's quite difficult now because
of Pandemic but we will get through
this. Thank you for asking.
Annie: Yes, and are you going to
teach your students online?
Chey: It's going to be a blended
learning. sometimes we will have
online classes and at times the
students will have the video lessons.
I have future plans and I am afraid I
will miss your big day.
Annie: Hmmm... I'll ask John about
it.
Chey: Please don't forget to get Rhy
and Cess as your wedding singers.
They're a perfect combination!
Annie: Oh yeah..of course I will! Oh,
btw we don't have a photographer
yet. Do you know any who's good at
taking PreNup photos?
Chey: You can ask Jay and Nessa,
they had a great photographer on
their wedding way back then.
Annie: Oh, yes! Nice idea.
Annie: Nice... cool! Good thing you
are in Public now. A lot of private
companies closed.
Chey: Yes, I am thankful I am now
in Public School. Oh, I have to do
something here... I am so happy for
the good news. Stay in touch couz!
Thanks for your time!
Annie: Sure, thanks for your time
too. Bye for now... take care!
Check your answers here:

Nomination
1. Hey, Annie! How are you? It's been a
while since the last time we see each
other.
2. Hey, what's up? Yes, it's been a while
Chey! I miss you. How are you and
your family?
3. How about Auntie and your sister?
How are they?
4. How are you and your boyfriend?
Restriction
1. Please don't forget to get Rhy and
Cess as your wedding singers.
They're a perfect combination!
2. Be pretty and sexy on your wedding
day, couz! That's a once in a life time,
make all of your photos worth staring
for a lifetime.
3. Yes, and you too! Stick on your diet!
You must be pretty and sexy too!

These statements are the topics The conversation is smooth and

established within the conversation. This harmonious so in this case there wasn’t
typically happens when close friends and really a hard restriction to follow in the
relatives or even former officemates see conversation that may cause a conflict
each other after a long time. In this when not followed but a reminder to each
scenario, the cousins had not contacted other is observed. A reminder is still under
each other for quite a while so they have Restriction in communicative strategy. You
nominated many topics about their life to have also seen that the answers are
catch up. restricted to what are asked which is
about the wedding.

Repair
1. No.. Hang on... I'm serious... when is
the tentative date? because I have
future plans and I am afraid I will
miss your big day.
Termination
1. I have to do something here... I am so
happy for the good news.
2. Thanks for your time. Stay in touch,
couz!

There is only a slight repair that happened The above statements are clearly
here and that is by asking twice when the Termination as the cousins ended well
exact date of the wedding. their conversation.
Activity 2
Tell whether the following statements are: Nomination, Restriction, Repair,
and Termination. Write the answer on the space provided before the number.

________ 1. “What I was trying to say earlier was actually about something that
happened in my class and I am sorry if it caused you to be
confused”.
________ 2. “Rica, listen to me please… you can only play with your phone once
you’re done with your homework”.
________ 3. “Have you heard the news about COVID19 VACCINE?
________ 4. “It’s nice to see you again. Keep in touch!”
________ 5. “Good to hear from you. How’s your pet?”

Activity 3
Write two (2) statements in each of the communicative strategies discussed.
Make sure to use acceptable, polite, and meaningful communicative strategies
in in your statements.

Nomination:
1.
2.
Restriction:
1.
2.
Repair:
1.
2.
Termination:
1.
2.
Activity 4
Directions: Arrange the following dialogues below according to the
communicative strategies that are exhibited. Write your answers on your
notebook.

Nomination and Restriction

Mom: Don’t risk. You won’t go there without my permission.
Mom: No, go! Dial the number and order your favorite food. You won’t go out. That’s
an order!
Mom: Why don’t you order online, I think that’s better? Order for two, please!
Mom: No. It’s still not safe because the cases of COVID is still rapidly growing.
Ken: I miss eating at my favorite restaurant, don’t you miss it too?
Ken: I think MECQ is already lifted. Mom, I want to go to the mall.
Ken: Oh, J.Co Doughnut is on sale, did you see it on facebook?
Ken: I am going to follow all the safety precautions, I promise.

Repair and Termination

B: Fine. I’ll talk to you then.
A: I’d love to continue this conversation, but I really need to go now. I have to get
back to the office.
A: Good bye.
B: Well, let’s get together soon.
A: Sorry I have to rush off like this.
B: Friday sounds good. Where shall we meet?
A: (looks at watch) I really must be going now or I’ll be very late. Can you give me
a call tomorrow and we’ll decide?
A: How about Friday?
B: That’s OK. I understand.
B: So long.
 WRAP-UP

To conclude everything that we have talked about in this lesson, write a

short script about friends talking about the courses they want to pursue in
college. The script must contain the communicative strategies discussed in this
lesson. Write it on a bond paper.

VALUING

As social beings, we communicate every day to maintain good relationship

with our parents, peers, teachers, and other people we meet. On your notebook,
write one paragraph about the best conversation you enjoyed most and with
whom you enjoyed it with and explain why. Follow this format:
I enjoyed talking about my crush with my friend because …

POSTTEST

Directions: Identify the communicative strategy described in each situation

below.

A. Nomination B. Restriction C. Repair D. Termination

_____1. The Teacher read the classroom rules in the class on the first day of
school.
_____2. The Principal introduced a topic in a meeting.
_____3. The student made a follow up question about the homework as he did
not clearly understand the instructions.
_____4. Everybody said goodbye to all after the class.
_____5. A girl uttered sorry to a friend after a misunderstanding.
 communication-strategy-within-an-organization
https://www.ucanwest.ca/blog/business-management/importance-of-
Strategies
https://www.scribd.com/document/390245737/7-Types-of-Communicative-
References
Pretest Activity 2 Posttest
1. B 1. Repair 1. Restriction
2. A 2. Restriction 2. Nomination
3. D 3. Nomination 3. Repair
4. C 4. Termination 4. Termination
5. Nomination 5. Repair
Activity 4
Nomination and Restriction
Ken: I think MECQ is already lifted. Mom, I want to go to the mall.
Mom: Don’t risk. You won’t go there without my permission.
Ken: I am going to follow all the safety precautions, I promise.
Mom: No. It’s still not safe because the cases of COVID is still rapidly growing.
Ken: I miss eating at my favorite restaurant, don’t you miss it too?
Mom: Why don’t you order online, I think that’s better? Order for two, please!
Ken: Oh, J.Co Doughnut is on sale, did you see it on facebook?
Mom: No, go! Dial the number order your favorite food. You won’t go out. That’s an
order!
Repair and Termination
A: I’d love to continue this conversation, but I really need to go now. I have to get
back to the office.
B: Well, let’s get together soon.
A: How about Friday?
B: Friday sounds good. Where shall we meet?
A: (looks at watch) I really must be going now or I’ll be very late. Can you give me a
call tomorrow and we’ll decide?
B: Fine. I’ll talk to you then.
A: Sorry I have to rush off like this.
B: That’s OK. I understand.
A: Good bye.
B: So long.
KEY TO CORRECTION