COMPETENCY – BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Sector : GARMENTS

Qualification Title : DRESSMAKING NCII

Unit of Competency : APPLY QUALITY STANDARDS

Module Title : APPLYING QUALITY STANDARDS

Technical Education & Skills Development Authority

SIMEON SUAN VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL COLLEGE
Pag- asa , Bansud , Oriental Mindoro

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HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY – BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Welcome !
The unit of competency, “Apply Quality Standards” is one of the
competencies of Dressmaking NCII a course which comprises the knowledge, skills
and attitudes required for a graduate of this course to possess.
You may be required to go through a series of learning activities in order to
complete each learning outcome of the module. In each learning outcome there
may be given Information Sheets, Self-Checks and Task Sheets. Follow these
activities on your own and answer the questions that are given. Then, ask for the
answer key from your instructor and check your work honestly. If you have
questions, please don’t hesitate to ask your instructor for assistance.
This learning material was prepared to help you achieve the required
competency, in Apply Quality Standards . This will be the source of information for
you to acquire the knowledge and skills in this particular module independently
and at your own pace with minimum supervision or help from your instructor.
In doing the activities to be completed as required in this module, please be
guided by the following:
 Talk to your instructor and agree on how you will both organize in
taking this module. Read through the module carefully.
 Work through all the information and complete the activities in each
section. Read information sheets and complete the self – check.
Suggested references are included to supplement the materials
provided in this module
 Most probably, your instructor will also be your supervisor or
manager. He is there to support you and show you the correct way to
do things.
 You will be given plenty of opportunities to ask questions and practice
on the job. Make sure you practice your new skills during regular
work shifts. This way, you will improve your speed, memory and your
confidence.
 Use the Self – Checks, operation Sheets or Task or Job Sheets at the
end of each section to test your own progress. Use the Performance
Criteria Checklist or Procedural Checklist located after the sheet to
check your own performance.

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  When you feel confident that you have had sufficient practice, ask
your instructor to evaluate you. The results of your assessment will
be recorded in your Progress Chart and Accomplishment chart
 You need to complete this module before you can perform any of the
modules of the core competencies.

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 DRESSMAKING NC II
COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

List of Common Competencies

No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code

Carry Out Measurements Carrying-out Measurements GRM743203

1.
and Calculations and Calculations

Perform Basic Maintenance Performing Basic

2.
Maintenance GRM743204

Set Up and Operate Setting-up and Operating GRM743205

3.
Machines Machines

4. Apply Quality Standards Applying Quality Standards GRM743206

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 MODULE CONTENT

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : Apply Quality Standards

MODULE TITLE : Applying Quality Standards

MODULE DESCRIPTOR :

This module covers the skills, knowledge and attitudes required in applying
quality standards. It details the requirements for assessing own work, assessing
quality of received component parts , measuring parts , recording information and
studying causes of quality deviations.

NOMINAL DURATION : 4 hours

LEARNING OUTCOMES :
At the end of this module you MUST be able to:
 Assess own work based on workplace standards
 Assess quality of component parts and take corrective actions
 Measure parts using appropriate instrument.
 Record information in accordance to workplace procedures.
 Study causes of quality deviation and recommend preventive action.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1. Identify standards of good quality.

2. Establish assessment procedures.
3. Establish and apply criteria for comparisons between standards and
finished work.
4. Establish and recognize quality of received components’ parts.
5. Define assessment procedures.
6. Identify tolerance level for acceptable quality.
7. Identify parts for quality measurements.

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 8. Establish and follow quality assurance procedures.
9. Define tolerable percentage of acceptance.
10. Record data are accurately.
11. Recognize defects and deviations to product quality.
12. Identify causes of defects .
13. Analyze causes of deviation.

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LEARNING OUTCOME # 1 Assess own work based on workplace standards
CONTENTS :
 Quality Work Standards
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
 Identify standards of good quality .
 Establish assessment procedures .
 Establish and apply criteria for comparisons between standards and
finished work.
CONDITION:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
1. WORKPLACE LOCATION
2. TOOLS AND SUPPLIES
 Samples of finished product
 Pencil
 Record book
3. TRAINING MATERIALS
 Module
 References
 Information Sheet
ASSESSMENT METHOD:

 Written examination
 Demonstration
 Observation
 Interview

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 Learning Experiences

Learning Outcome #1: Assess own work based on workplace standards

Learning Activities Special Instructions

Read information Sheet LO4.1-1,
Quality Control Standard.
Answer Self- Check LO4.1-1.
Perform the Task Sheet LO4.1-1.
After reading, answer the self check.
Compare your answers to the answer
key.
Check your performance against the
Performance Criteria Checklist. If you
failed to perform the task, read the
information sheets again to perform all
tasks properly. See you’re instructor.

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 INFORMATION SHEET 4.1-1
Information Sheet LO4.1-1
Quality Work Standard

Learning Objective : After reading this INFORMATION SHEET , You Must be

able to assess the quality of your own work.

Quality is of prime importance for every industry or business, to get

increased sales. Generally Quality control Standards are set strictly and must be
recognized and agreed by all levels of management. However quality expectations
for finished garments are related to the type of customer. For textile and apparel
industry product quality is calculated in terms of quality and standard of fibers,
yarns, fabric construction, colours fastness, Surface designs and the final finished
garments products.
There are a number of factors on which quality fitness of garment is based
such as – performance , reliability , durability , visual and percieved quality of the
garment. Quality needs to be defined in terms of a particular frame work of cost.

An essential task in comparison shopping for ready-to-wear or for evaluating

home sewn garments is to recognize and identify standards that give a garment a
finished, professional look. Many techniques can produce the same result. Either
conventional sewing or serging may be used for many construction processes. The
technique used should be compatible with the garment style, the fabric, the
sewing equipment available, and the individual's skill (for home-sewn garments).
In an objective evaluation, it is essential to play down personal preferences
and to build upon identified and accepted standards. The standards outlined in
this publication refer to basic styles of garments. Fashion innovations continually
change fit and technique. An objective evaluation should include recognition of the
intentions of the designer for the style.
Some standards apply to almost all construction techniques. A technique
should result in a detail, finish, or area that is:
1. Attractive or Inconspicuous
2. Flat and smooth
3. Free from bulk
4. Stitching that is a uniform distance from an edge or told
5. Functional

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 6. Durable
Specific standards that can be expected in good construction of home-sewn
garments and of ready-to-wear garments are listed in the remainder of this
module. They are organized by techniques and/or areas, and are presented in
alphabetical order.
Appearance, Overall
 Overall neatness
 Plaids, stripes, checks, and other designs matched at seams
 Fabric with a direction to the design (such as vertical flowers) or nap
(such as corduroy) is cut in a consistent direction unless garment
design requires variation
 Notions compatible to fabric and garment design
1. Color
2. Fiber
3. Weight
4. Design
 Basting threads and construction markings removed
Belts
 Flat, smooth, free from bulk
 Straight belt is uniform in width
 Contour belt has smooth, gradual curves
 Interfaced to maintain shape
 Even, uniform shape at end of belt
 Closure is appropriate, attractive, durable, secure, and functional
 Appropriate size and length for garment and individual
 If used, belt carriers should be secure and even
Button
 Have a purpose, either functional or decorative
 Securely and neatly fastened
 Have a shank (to allow room for the buttonhole fabric under the
button)
 Placed in relation to buttonholes; when buttoned, fabric is completely
flat and smooth

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  Reinforced on the wrong side with interfacing or reinforcement button
 Appropriate spacing for size of button and garment type
 Appropriate type for fabric and garment (dressy or sporty; light or
heavyweight)
Buttonholes
 Flat
 Secure (all stitching intact)
 Even in length, width, equally spaced
 Uniform in appearance
 With grain or yard direction of fabric
 Correct length (large enough to allow button to pass through easily
and yet small enough to hold garments closed)
 Correct placement
1. On right front of women's garments
2. On left front of men's garments
3. Overlap wide enough to cover without a gap
4. Overlay occurs where it was designed (center front, center back,
side seam, cuff)
5. Hold garment securely closed
6. Placed in direction of strain from the button (eliminates
gapping)
Bound Buttonholes
 Rectangle has perfectly square corners
 Rectangle has the appearance of being about 1/4 inch (6mm) wide
 Lips are an even width
 Lips meet exactly at center of opening
 Facing securely fastened to back of buttonhole

Machine or Hand-Worked Buttonholes

 Stitched in thread that matches or decoratively contrasts with fabric
 Stitching is regular and smooth in appearance, uniform in length

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 Collars
 Free from bulk
1. Curved seams clipped or notched
2. Seams trimmed or graded
 Only the top collar is visible
1. Seam line just under the edge of collar
2. Built-in roll prevents under-collar from showing
3. Under stitching or topstitching holds under-collar in place
4. Collar-stays inconspicuous if used
 Interfaced to maintain shape
 Enclosed seam allowance is invisible on outside
 Appropriate use of interfacing to prevent imprints from seam
allowances
 Collar smoothly pressed
 Left and right sides are same shape
1. Curve of collar
2. Angle of collar points
3. Location in relation to center front or center back
Cuffs
 Flat, smooth, free from bulk
1. Enclosed seams trimmed or graded
2. Appropriate use of interfacing to prevent imprints from seam
allowance
 Interfaced to maintain shape
 Even in width
 Built-in-roll prevents cuff facing from showing
 Seam line on edge of cuff
Darts
 Tapered and smooth
1. Come to a tapered point
2. Free of puckers or bubble

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  Securely fastened at end
 Appear as straight lines from outside of garment evenly spaced, if in
groups
 Matched on left and right side of body in shape and length
 Well pressed
1. Stitching line smooth, without bubbling, puckers, or folds
2. Shaped to conform to body
3. Vertical darts pressed toward center
4. Horizontal darts pressed downward
5. Slashed and pressed open in bulky fabrics
Facings
 Flat, smooth, free from bulk, pulling or strain
 Enclosed seam graded, clipped, or notched
 Interfaced, if needed
1. To prevent stretching
2. To provide stability
3. To maintain shape
 Free edge
1. Secure, stable, and free from raveling
2. If finished, finish is flat, smooth, free from bulk
 Securely held in place, not visible from outside
1. Turned on seam line
2. By tacking only at seams and darts
3. Inconspicuously attached to garment
4. Smoothly pressed from outside
Fitting
Fitting molds flat cloth pieces to the body and allows the garment to be
comfortable and attractive. Good fit is based on five factors:
1. Grain or yarn direction (relationship of yarns in the fabric to hang of garment
on the body).
 Lengthwise grain is perpendicular to the floor
 Crosswise grain is parallel to the floor

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 1. Grain on right side of garment matches that on left side of
garment
2. Line (silhouette and seam lines of garment)
 Silhouette lines on garment follow silhouette lines on the body
 Vertical seams fall perpendicular to the floor
 Vertical side seams divide body in half visually
 Circumference lines follow body circumference at neckline, waistline,
armhole
 Darts point toward and stop short of fullest part of the area they
shape
 Hem is parallel to the floor
3.Ease (looseness or tightness of garment)
 Adequate ease for comfort
 Correct amount of ease for smoothness
1. Neither too loose nor too tight
2. Free of wrinkles that pull and draw indicating too little ease
3. Free of wrinkles that lie in folds indicating too much ease
4.Balance (hangs equal distance from the body)
 Design features and fitting factors are equal
1. From right to left
2. From top to bottom
3. From front to back
5.Overall Smoothness (freedom from wrinkles)
 Smooth on the body
 Free from wrinkles
 Enhances appearance of wearer
 Good design on wearer
1. Line
2. Color
3. Texture

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Fitting Set-In Sleeves

1.Grain or yarn direction

 Crosswise grain or yarn direction parallel to floor above the elbow
 Lengthwise grain or yarn direction perpendicular to the floor above the
elbow

2.Line
 Sleeve cap rests at end of shoulder
 Curve of armhole is smooth and gradual
3.Ease
 Sleeve has adequate room for upper arm
 Sleeve is smooth and free from wrinkles (diagonal wrinkles pointing to
the cap indicate additional length needed in the cap; crosswise folds
at the underarm indicate additional width needed in sleeve)
 Length adequate for style and individual
4.Balance
 Short sleeve is balanced on the arm
 Hangs neither forward nor back
 Doesn't hug the arm
 Ease at cap seam line is smooth and even
 Not puffy or puckered
 Fullness is even front and back
5.Overall smoothness
 Sleeve is eased into garment, not the garment eased onto the sleeve
Fusing
 Smooth, unpuckered
 Invisible from right side
 Garment edges unstretched
 Does not significantly change hand (or texture) and color of fabric

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Gathers
 Uniform, evenly distributed (none are stitched so as to form pleats)
 Full and attractive
1. Not pressed flat
2. Enough fullness

Hems
 Width
1. Appropriate for weight of fabric, style of garment, and size of
individual
2. Adequate to suit present styles and provide weight to hang well
3. Uniform in width
 Free from bulk
1. Fullness reduced or controlled by easing or shrinking; free from
tucks or pleats
2. Seams pressed open and graded
3. Seams clipped at edge of pleats
 Flat and smooth
1. Finished to prevent raveling if required
2. If finished, finish does not add bulk or create ridge
3. Seams are matched
 Inconspicuous (unless meant to be decorative)
1. If topstitched, stitching is uniform and corresponds with other
topstitching on the garment
2. Hemming stitches are evenly spaced, secure, free from drawing,
and invisible on outside
3. Fused hems are acceptable if they do not alter hand appearance
of fabric
4. Pressed to avoid ridges
 Hangs evenly, uniform distance from floor

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Hooks and Eyes, Snaps, Other Fasteners
 Neat
1. Small, even stitches used to attach
2. Stitches do not show on right side of garment
 Reinforced on wrong side (usually with interfacing)
 Location
1. Sets aligned
2. Hook usually placed 1/8 inch (3mm) from edge of overlap so it
will be secure and lay flat
 Functional (correct placement of the two parts)
 Secure
Interfacing
 Adds shape, body, and support
1. Without Bulk
2. Without changing the character of the fabric
 Enhances the hand of the fabric
 Color blends with color of fabric or is inconspicuous, especially at
buttonholes
 Prevents seam allowance from showing through to outside of garment
 Not visible (covered by the facing)
 Free from raveling
 Interfacing seams and darts are treated to eliminate bulk
Lapels
 Lie flat against body
 Left and right are same shape
 Free from bulk
 Interfaced to maintain shape
 Reinforced or taped on roll line in tailored garments
 Only facing is visible above end of roll line
1. Seam line slightly under edge of lapel
2. Inner edge of facing not visible

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Lining
 Conceals inner construction
 Color and weight coordinated with garment fabric
 Care requirements compatible with garment fabric
 Fits smoothly inside the garment
 Has a neat, finished appearance
 Lining and garment seam lines aligned
 Allowance for body movement
1. Vertical pleat in back lining of jacket or coat
2. Ease length allowed in fold at bottom of sleeve and at garment
hem of jacket
 Free-hanging lining linked to garment seams at hemline with thread
tacks
Needlework, Decorative
General standards to consider when used as decoration on a garment:
 Secure
 Uniform
 Flat and smooth; free from unwanted pulling
 Correct technique used
 Enhances the garment, attractive
 Care requirements compatible with fashion fabric
Plackets
 Flat and neat
 Free from bulk
 Secure and durable
1. No pulling at corners
2. No raw or raveling edges
 Functional (opens wide enough for use)
 Made in matching fabric and thread
Pleats, Tucks
 Uniform in width, unless design requires variation

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  Flat and pressed in one direction, except released tucks and
unpressed pleats
 Free from pressed-in ridges from hidden edges
 Free from marks from basting, pins
 Hang straight and even with adequate fullness
Pockets
1.Patch Pocket
 Flat and smooth
 Decorative and attractive
 Positioned correctly on body
 Even topstitching
1. Length of stitch
2. Distance from edge
 Stitching suitable to fabric and garment design
 Facing on hem in proportion to shape and size of pocket
 Upper corners are reinforced
 Square corners are mitered
2.In-Seam Pocket
 Not visible, unless meant to be decorative
 Lies flat; does not gap; lining invisible
 Seam or foldline reinforced to prevent stretching
3.Welt Pocket-Single Welt, Double Welt (bound), Flap
 Flat, smooth, even in width
 Free from bulk or buckling
 Corners secure, symmetrical
Pressing
 Garment surface is smooth and free from wrinkles
 Original appearance of the fabric has been maintained
1. Free from over pressing or iron imprints
2. Free from shine, scorching or melting
3. Free from flattened nap or pile

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 4. Free from imprints of construction details on outside of garment
5. Free from stretching or shrinking
6. Free from water or mineral spots
 Seams and darts are pressed smoothly on the stitching line; fabric
does not fold over stitching line or look bubbled
 Garment areas pressed over curves where garment will fit over body
curves (shaping pressed in)
Seams
 Secure, even stitching
1. Balanced tension
2. Even stitch length appropriate for fabric, except where
shortened for reinforcement
3. Uniform pressure from presser foot
4. Thread color matches or blends
5. Thread fiber and type appropriate
6. Free from puckering, skipped or broken stitches
7. Free from tangles, knots
8. Reinforced at ends with backstitching or knotting
9. Loose threads clipped
 Seam allowances are flat and smooth
1. Even in width
2. Crossed seams trimmed to eliminate bulk
3. Enclosed seams trimmed and graded to reduce bulk
4. Lay flat; curved seams clipped or notched
5. Free from puckering
6. Pressed open or in correct direction
7. Finished to prevent raveling, if needed
8. Finish is flat, smooth, free from bulk
 Fullness eased and smooth
 Crossed seams meet
 Design patterns and plaids meet
 Fabric free from runs or pulling

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  Reinforced where appropriate for technique and fabric (shoulder,
armhole, waistline, crotch; stretchy knit or loosely woven fabric)
 If done, top stitching is even and attractive
Sleeves
 Smooth
1. Curve of armhole is smooth and gradual
2. Smoothly rounded cap
3. Ease, gathers, darts, or tucks evenly distributed
 Free from bulk
 Armhole reinforced in area of strain
 Underarm seam allowance trimmed or reinforced as appropriate to
design
 Free from raveling (finish on seam allowance if needed to prevent
raveling)
 Kimono sleeve
1. Free from drawing or pulling
2. Seam allowance clipped in underarm
3. Evenly eased in shoulder and upper arm
4. Reinforced with stitching or stay at underarm
Under stitching
 Holds facing in place (neckline, collar, cuff, pocket)
 Not visible on outside of garment
 Thread blends with fabric
 Done from right side of facing through facing and all seam allowances
after seam allowances were trimmed, graded, clipped, or notched
Waistbands
 Smooth, free from bulk
 Uniform in width
 Corners are square, tab comes to a point
 Cut on grain or yarn direction
 Interfaced to maintain shape
 Overlap flush with placket; underlap extends beyond the placket and

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 under the band for side or back closure
 Skirt or pants eased slightly onto waistband

Waistline Seams
 Inconspicuous, smooth, and flat
 All seams and details finished and pressed before waistline was
stitched
 Secured with a waistline stay
1. Adds reinforcement
2. Prevents stretching
3. Stay can be woven seam binding, twill tape, or grosgrain ribbon
Zippers
 Placket, when closed, is flat and smooth
 Free from puckering
 Zipper does not buckle or poke
 Zipper tape does not show, unless part of design
 Stitching is straight and even
 Placket is open to end of zipper teeth unless zipper has been
shortened, then chain or coil is securely held with several stitches
 Correct length to be useful
 Slides easily and does not catch
 Compatible weight with fabric
 Horizontal seams meet across the placket opening

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 SELF- CHECK LO4.1-1

Directions: Read the items carefully. On w a separate sheet of paper,rite TRUE if

the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is wrong.

________1. There should be an appropriate spacing for size of button and garment
type.
________2. Buttons should be of appropriate to size and length for garment and
Individual.
________3 Collar should be free from bulk and curved seams clipped or notched.
________4. The length of buttonhole must allow button to pass through easily and
yet small enough to hold garments closed.
________5. Crosswise grain or yarn direction must be perpendicular to floor above
the elbow.
________6 Garment surface must be smooth and free from wrinkles.
________7. Hemming stitches must be evenly spaced, secure, free from drawing,
and visible on outside.
________ 8. Seam allowances must be flat and smooth.
________ 9 Curve of armhole is smooth and gradual
_______10. Zipper should be flat, smooth and free from puckering.

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 Answer Key LO4.1-1

1. True
2. True
3. True
4. True
5. False
6. True
7. False
8. True
9. True
10. True

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 JOB SHEET LO4.1-1

Title: Assess / evaluate completed work based on quality

standard

Performance Objective: Given the design and style specification, assess the
quality of the product if the requirements are met.

Supplies and Materials: Finished product

Measurement data
Design specification
Record book

Steps/Procedure:

1. Review the measurement given and design specification.

2. Take an overall look of the garment.
3. Conduct quality check to ensure if the requirements are met.
4. Record all findings accurately.

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 Performance Criteria Checklist for
Job Sheet LO 4.1-1

Trainer’s Name__________________________ Date________________

Task : Assess / evaluate completed work based on quality standard

CRITERIA YES NO

1. Quality of finished product is thoroughly evaluated.

2. Overall appearance of the finished product matched

the requirements needed.

3. All findings are accurately and completely recorded

for corrective actions.

Comments / Suggestions :

Trainer : _____________________________ Date : _______________________

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LEARNING OUTCOME # 2 Assess quality of component parts and take
corrective actions
CONTENTS :
 Fault Analysis on Products Quality
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
 Establish and recognize quality of received components’ parts.
 Define assessment procedures.
 Identify tolerance level for acceptable quality .

CONDITION:

The students/trainees must be provided with the following:

1. WORKPLACE LOCATION
2. TOOLS AND SUPPLIES
 Samples of good quality products
 Samples of poor quality products
3. TRAINING MATERIALS
 Module
 References
 Information Sheet
ASSESSMENT METHOD:

 Written examination
 Demonstration
 Observation
 Interview

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 Date Developed: Document No.
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 Learning Experience

Learning Outcome #2 : Assess quality of component parts and take corrective

actions

Learning Activities Special Instructions

Read information Sheet LO4.2-1, After reading, answer the self check.
Fault Analysis on Product Quality.

Answer Self- Check LO4.2-1. Compare your answers to the answer

key.

Perform the Task Sheet LO4.2-1.
Check your performance against the
Performance Criteria Checklist. If you
failed to perform the task, read the
information sheets again to perform all
tasks properly. See you’re instructor.

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 INFORMATION SHEET 4.2-1
Fault Analysis on Product Quality

Learning Objective : After reading this INFORMATION SHEET , you must be

able to assess quality of component parts and take corrective actions

Good quality products or processes can only be produced by the operatives.

Operatives are the one working for the operation of the activity or the workforce.
They cannot produce quality without being fully aware of what exactly is required.
Responsibility for the production of good quality lies with, and is in the hands of,
the person teaching the job, primarily by good communication, by making the
newcomer aware of specifications and tolerances, faults themselves, their effect
and the appropriate action to take.

Fault Analysis Card or Chart

Once the faults have been collected they should be written down and
recorded on a fault analysis card or chart. These are also known as FACERAP
cards.FACERAP is a acronym for Fault, Appearance, Cause, Effect, Responsibility,
Action, And Prevention.
The information is recorded under the following headings to facilitate
teaching: -

Fault - Correct name/agreed name. So that trainees can report to the

Instructor/Supervisor/Mechanics).
Appearance - Clear description or an example attached. Trainee cannot take
remedial action unless he can recognize the appearance or feel of the fault
Cause - All the main causes, for example: - faulty cutting, incorrect machine
setting, machine breakdown, mistake by operative or previous operatives.
Effect - Result of the fault, cost of the fault, and weak edges for example: - likely
to break away, scrapped or seconds, loss of incentive pay.
Responsibility - Which defects are trainees' own fault and which are the
responsibility of others. Do not encourage the passing of blame, similarly, do not
blame unfairly.
Action - What action is to be carried out on discovery of the fault, for example: -

Reject, unpick and re-sew, report to Instructor/Supervisor/Mechanic.

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Prevention - Any action which can or should be taken to avoid a recurrence of the
fault should be recorded, for example: - check tensions and stitches on every third
garment. Ensure edges match before sewing, etc.

Fault Analysis Chart

Fault Appearance Cause Effect Responsibility Action Prevention
Split Half stitch Failure Weak operative Remove Check each
stitch or part of to place part of threads stitch on
stitch whole seam is from constructive
stitch under point points when
pressure and run run on
on

Different testing parameters to assess the Garment:

To control the quality of the garment. It is necessary to assess the different
parameters which is affecting the quality of the garment. Here are the some
properties that are taken into consideration for garment.
a. Seam Strength:
This test method is used to determine the seam maximum force of sewn
seams when the force is applied perpendicularly to the seam. The test applies to
the standard seam applied to fabric samples or the Production seam as received in
finished garments. The major contributors to seam strength are fabric type and
weight, thread type and size, stitch and seam construction, stitches per inch and
stitch balance. Seam Strength in woven and knit is same as fabric breaking and
bursting strength respectively. Generally, a seam made with Chain Stitch will be
stronger than the seam made using lock stitch. Obviously, stronger the sewing
thread, the stronger the seam. Higher number of stitches per cm (or in.) up to a
point will give higher seam strength stitch.
b. Seam Slippage:
This test method is used to determine the resistance to slippage of filling
yarns over warp yarns, or warp yarns over filling yarns, using a standard seam. It
is used as an indication of the tendency of yarns to slip at a seam when stress is
applied. The result is that the yarns pull out but the thread and the stitch doesn't
rupture. Seam slippage is usually caused by poor fabric design (too loose of a
weave) or too narrow of a seam margin. Not using enough stitches per inch and a
poor stitch balance can also contribute to seam slippage.

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 c. Colorfastness:
It is the property of a dye or print that enables it to retain its depth and
shade throughout the wear life of a product. Dyes are considered fast when they
resist the deteriorating influences (Such as Laundering or drycleaning, exposure to
sun, Perspiration, etc.) It has been observed that the fabric looses color resulting
from detergent solution & abrasive action during hand or machine washing. One
garment do stains other garments when washed together.

Self-Check 4.2-1
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MATCHING TYPE:
Directions Match Column A with items in Column B. Write your answer in a
separate sheet of paper.

Column A Column B
1. Operatives a. Method used to determine the
2. Seam strength resistance of filling yarns over
3. Seam slippage warp yarns
4. FACERAP b. Used to determine the seam
5. Colorfastness maximum force on sewn seams
6. Analysis Card c. Property of dye to retain its shade
throughout the wear life of a
product.
d. Working for the operation of the
activity or the workforce.
e. Faults collected should be written
and recorded on

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 Answer Keys 4.2-1

1. d
2. b
3. a
4. c
5. e

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 Measure parts using appropriate instrument.
LEARNING OUTCOME # 3

CONTENT: Quality assurance measurements

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
 Identify parts for quality measurements.
 Establish and follow quality assurance procedures.
 Define tolerable percentage of acceptance .

CONDITION:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:

1. WORKPLACE LOCATION
2. TOOLS AND SUPPLIES
 Samples of quality assured products
 Measuring instruments
3. TRAINING MATERIALS
 Module
 References
 Writing materials

ASSESSMENT METHOD:

 Written examination
 Demonstration
 Observation
 Interview

Date Developed: Document No.

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 Learning Experiences

Learning Outcome #: Measure parts using appropriate instrument.

Learning Activities Special Instructions

Read information Sheet LO4.3-1, After reading, answer the self-check.

Quality Assurance Measurement,

Answer Self-Check LO4.3-1. Compare your answers to the answer

key.

Perform the Task Sheet LO4.3-1.
Check your performance against the
Performance Criteria Checklist. If you
failed to perform the task, read the
information sheets again to perform all
tasks properly. See you’re instructor.

Date Developed: Document No.

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 INFORMATION SHEET 4.3-1
Quality Assurance Measurements

Learning Objective : After reading this INFORMATION SHEET , you must be

able to assess the quality of your own work

Quality assurance is the process of verifying or determining whether

products or services meet or exceed customer expectations. Quality assurance is a
process-driven approach with specific steps to help define and attain goals. This
process considers design, development, production, and service. The planned and
systematic activities implemented in a quality system so that quality requirements
for a product or service will be fulfilled.

Assurance: The act of giving confidence, the state of being certain or the act of
making certain.
Control: An evaluation to indicate needed corrective responses; the act of guiding
a process in which variability is attributable to a constant system of chance
causes.
Quality control: The observation techniques and activities used to fulfill
requirements for quality.

The most popular tool used to determine quality assurance is the PDCA. .
This cycle for quality assurance consists of four steps: Plan, Do, Check, and Act.

The four quality assurance steps within the PDCA model stand for:
Plan: Establish objectives and processes required to deliver the desired results.
Do: Implement the process developed.
Check: Monitor and evaluate the implemented process by testing the results
against the predetermined objectives
Act: Apply actions necessary for improvement if the results require changes.

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 Quality Assurance and Quality Control Management
When a supplier has been identified, pre production approval is sought from
the buyer, through ,sampling of the required product, in accordance with the
buyers specifications, which include full technical details and an approved sample
or cutting, if available. Approved lab dips and clear packing instructions are
essential. Once the buyer approved the sample, the order is placed.

1. INITIAL PRODUCTION CHECK (I.P.C):

The IPC is done as soon as the manufacturer has started production and has
completed product and ready for packing. In the case of fabric ; in dyed , bleached
or printed form. The purpose of the IPC is to determine if the initial batch of
products produced by the manufacturer complies with the client's specifications. If
at this stage. Any deviation beyond established tolerance is noticed, timely
corrections can be made, before bulk productions begins.

The IPC is a preliminary inspection, covering

-Quality of fabrics-as specified.
-Weight or construction of fabric
-Style and visual appearance
-Workmanship
-Measurements
-Color and/or printing match of approved color swatch
-Accessories (buttons, zippers, buckles, etc)

Depending on the type of product, 10-20 pieces! Meters are examined.

Any discrepancies / variations or defects are pointed out to the manufacturer for
correction or improvement. A written inspection report is prepared; confirming
observations and a copy is given to the manufacturer. This report is also sent to
the customer. If a manufacturer declares that he is unable to change or improve
any variations or discrepancies, the customer is advised immediately and the
representative samples sent for examination and decision on continuing
production.

2. MID PRODUCTION CHECK (M.P'.C):

The mpc is similar to the initial production check and is in general, a logical follow
up of the IPC. The mpc should be made a few days after the ipc, particularly when
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deficiencies have been found during ipc. For large orders, more than one mpc may
be performed. The mpc assures that any variations /discrepancies previously
reported are being corrected during further production and that a satisfactory
quality standard ls being achieved. - recording problems in the production stage
during cutting, sewing, finishing, knitting, linking or trimming.

3. FINAL RANDOM INSPECTION (F.R.I):

This is the last inspection and is done when the goods are ready for shipment.
This inspection ls performed by at least two quality controllers, one of whom has
not been associated with the order before this inspection. This ensures an
unbiased report.
Final inspection is recording problems once the garment is in the final
production stage: measurement, shading, stitching. Quality control personnel set
specific quality control standards to meet the requirements of the client including
the number of garments to be inspected, acceptance standards, and the
acceptable failure rate. Each different type of garment has its own quality
standard. MAE generates quality standards, tracks QA inspections, and generates
spec reports. QA inspections, and generates spec reports.

Apparel Quality Management

Quality control emphasizes testing of products to uncover defects, and
reporting to management who make the decision to allow or deny the release,
whereas quality assurance attempts to improve and stabilize production, and
associated processes, to avoid, or at least minimize, issues that led to the defects
in the first place.
Quality cannot be achieved on the Inspection table. It should be produced
right from the beginning, which is choosing of raw material, planning of time
frame for an operation and teaching the requirement to the workers. Quality is
achieved with strong technical quality team.
Quality is achieved by monitoring the manufacturing process, from sourcing
the right supplier through final delivery of finished product.

The measurement of finished garments shall conform to the measurement

specifications chart and established tolerances. A random check for appearance,
shading within a garment, material fabric defects, ironing defects and other
defects as mentioned in the defects classification list, shall be performed

There are a number of factors on which quality fitness of Apparel industry is

based such as - performance, reliability, durability, visual and perceived quality of
the garment. Quality needs to be defined in terms of a particular framework of

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cost. Here some of main fabric properties that are taken into consideration for
garment manufacturing.
1. Overall look of the garment.
2. Right formation of the garment.
3. Feel and fall of the garment.
4. Physical properties.
5. Colour fastness of the garment.
6. Finishing properties of apparels
7. Presentation of the final produced garment.

SELF- CHECK LO4.3-1

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Directions: Read the items carefully. Choose the letter of correct answer and write
it on a separate answer sheet..

1. The act of giving confidence, the state of being certain or the act of making
certain.
a. Assurance
b. Quality assurance
c. Quality
d. Quality control
2. The process of verifying or determining whether products or services meet or
exceed customer expectations.
a. Quality assurance
b. Control
c. Quality control
d. Assurance
3. An evaluation to indicate needed corrective responses; the act of guiding a
process in which variability is attributable to a constant system of chance causes.
a. Quality assurance
b. Quality control
c. control
d. assurance
4. The observation techniques and activities used to fulfill requirements for
quality.
a. Quality
b. Control
c. Quality control
d. Quality assurance
5. It means to establish objectives and processes required to deliver the desired
results.
a.Do
b.Plan
c.Act

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 d.Check
6. It means to implement the process developed.
a.Do
b.Plan
c.Check
d.Act
7. It means to monitor and evaluate the implemented process by testing the
results against the predetermined objectives
a.Act
b.Check
c.Plan
d.Do
8. It means to apply actions necessary for improvement if the results require
changes.
a.Check
b.Do
c.Act
d.Plan
9. This is done as soon as the manufacturer has started production and has
completed product and ready for packing
a.Intial production check
b.Mid production inspedtion
c.Final inspection
d.None of the above
10.This is the last inspection step and is done when the goods are ready for
shipment.
a.Mid production inspedtion
b.Final inspection
c.Intial production check
d.None of the above

Answer Key LO4.3-1

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 1. A
2. A
3. C
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. B
8. C
9. A
10. C

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LEARNING OUTCOME # 4 Record information in accordance to workplace
procedures.

CONTENTS :
 Records Management

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
 Record data accurately.

CONDITION:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following
1. WORKPLACE LOCATION
2. TOOLS AND SUPPLIES
 Recording samples
 References
3. TRAINING MATERIALS
 Module
 References
 Writing materials

ASSESSMENT METHOD:

 Written examination
 Demonstration
 Observation
 Interview

Date Developed: Document No.

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 Learning Experiences

Learning Outcome #4: Record information in accordance to workplace procedures

Learning Activities Special Instructions

Read information Sheet LO4.4-1, After reading, answer the self check.
Records Management

Answer Self- Check LO4.4-1. Compare your answers to the answer

key.

Perform the Task Sheet LO4.1-1.
Check your performance against the
Performance Criteria Checklist. If you
failed to perform the task, read the
information sheets again to perform all
tasks properly. See you’re instructor.

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 INFORMATION SHEET 4.4-1
Records Management

Learning Objective : After reading this INFORMATION SHEET , you must be

able to record data correctly.

Records management
Records management, or RM, is the practice of maintaining the records of
an organization from the time they are created up to their eventual disposal. This
may include classifying, storing, securing, and destruction of records.
Records management is primarily concerned with the evidence of an
organization's activities, and is usually applied according to the value of the
records rather than their physical format.
Records management principles and automated records management
systems aid in the capture, classification, and ongoing management of records
throughout their lifecycle. Such a system may be paper based (such as index
cards as used in a library), or may be a computer system, such as an electronic
records management application.

Practicing records management

A Records Manager is someone who is responsible for records management
in an organization. The practice of records management may involve:
1. Planning the information needs of an organization
2. Identifying information requiring capture
3. Creating, approving, and enforcing policies and practices regarding
records, including their organization and disposal
4. Developing a records storage plan, which includes the short and long-
term housing of physical records and digital information
5. Identifying, classifying, and storing records
6. Coordinating access to records internally and outside of the organization,
balancing the requirements of business confidentiality, data privacy, and
public access.
7. Executing a retention policy on the disposal of records which are no
longer required for operational reasons

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 Managing physical records
Managing physical records involves different disciplines and may draw on a
variety of forms of expertise.Records must be identified and authenticated. This is
usually a matter of filing and retrieval; in some circumstances, more careful
handling is required.

Identifying records
If an item is presented as a legal record, it needs to be authenticated.
Forensic experts may need to examine a document to determine that it is not a
forgery, and that any damage, alteration, or missing content is documented. This
level of authentication is rare, but requires that special care be taken in the
creation and retention of the records of an organization.

Storing records
Records must be stored in such a way that they are accessible and
safeguarded against any damages. A typical paper document may be stored in a
filing cabinet in an office. Vital records may need to be stored in a disaster-
resistant safe or vault to protect against fire, flood, earthquakes and conflict.

Circulating records
Tracking the record while it is away from the normal storage area is referred
to as circulation. Often this is handled by simple written recording procedures.
However, many modern records environments use a computerized system
involving bar code scanners, or radio-frequency identification technology (RFID) to
track movement of the records. These can also be used for periodic auditing to
identify unauthorized movement of the record.

Disposal of records
Disposal of records does not always mean destruction. It can also include
transfer.. The process needs to be well-documented, starting with a records
retention schedule and policies and procedures that have been approved at the
highest level. An inventory of the records disposed of should be maintained,
including certification that they have been destroyed. Records should never simply
be discarded as refuse. Most organizations use processes including pulverization,
paper shredding or incineration.

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 SELF- CHECK LO4.4-1

Directions: Write True if the statement is correct and False if the statement is
wrong.

________ 1.Records management is primarily concerned with the evidence of an

organization's activities
________ 2.Plan and identify the information needs of an organization
________ 3.Records must be stored in such a way that they are accessible and
safeguarding is not necessary.
________ 4. An inventory of the records disposed of should be maintained,
including certification that they have been destroyed.
________ 5.A Records Manager is someone who is responsible for records
management in an organization

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 REFERENCES:
Authors: Kay Hendrickson, Area FL Agent, Benson Franklin Counties
Jan Hiller, Extension, 4-H Youth Development Specialist
Nancy Mordhorst, Extension 4-H Coordinator
https://blog.colettehq.com
www.fibre2fashion.com
slideshare.net

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