UPVC WINDOW & DOOR

MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION

“All That’s White Is Not A RIGHT uPVC Window “

`

PVC

Tio2
PVC
75-80% Stabilizer (CaZn)

Impact Modifier

Processing Aid

Filler
PVC Tio2 Stabilizer
 `

PVC : Suspension Grade PVC resin with good mechanical properties is used for uPVC profile Extrusion.

TiO₂ : Dosed to enhance UV stability for the product to have durability over years of usage, it also
imparts natural white color.

STABILIZER (CaZn) : Required to prevent degradation of base material during processing since
PVC is heat sensitive.

IM – ACRYLIC BASED IMPACT MODIFIER : Used to retain impact strength since typically
polymers tend to become brittle once subjected to low temperature or exposed to UV radiation

PROCESSING AID : Enhances the melt strength during fusion stage of extrusion

FILLER : Usage of filler has effect on mechanical properties, shrinkage and cost.
`

Material is added in a special

sequence to the blender

1 2 3 4 5 6

Calibrated scales are used to The MIX is then cooled in a

weigh each ingredient cooler
`

The MOLTEN MIX is pushed through dies of the desired cross-section at an appropriate
temperature and the desired profile are formed on cooling down .

MIX
EXTRUDED
PROFILE
 `

CALIBRATION &
DIE
COOLING UNIT
• Design of the profile is very important as it is the
foundation of the effectiveness of windows and doors

• Different profile design for different style of window

and door

• State of the art machineries are the basis of efficient

profile extrusion

• Technological advance machineries ensure high

output and excellent product quality

EXTRUDER
UWDMA is working closely with BIS (Bureau Of Indian Standards ) and the PROFILE STANDARDS
are under final stages……
 `
Mass (EN 12608)

 DEFINITION : Mass is the quantitative measurement of weight(gm) per meter length of Upvc
Profiles.

MASS = WEIGHT (GM)

PER METER LENGTH

 RESULT : Shall not be < 95 % of the nominal mass per m length.

 ` COLOUR TEST (ISO 7724-3)

DEFINITION : Colour test is the measurement of uPVC Profile colour values (L *, a*, b*)
by using Spectrophotometer.

RESULT : Profiles colour range : L* ≥ 82,

-2.5 ≤ a* ≤5
-5≤ b* ≤15
 `
APPEARANCE
(EN ISO 105-A:1995)

The color of the profiles shall be the same and uniform when viewed by normal vision or corrected vision at a
range of 1m and 45° north sky light viewing perpendicular to the surface in accordance with an equivalent
artificial source of light.

 The surfaces of the profiles shall be :

• SMOOTH
• FLAT
• FREE FROM PITTING
• FREE FROM IMPURITIES
• FREE FROM CAVITIES
• FREE FROM ANY OTHER SURFACE DEFECT

 The edges of the profiles shall be clean and burr-free.

 ` DIMENSIONAL ACCURACY (EN 12608)

DEFINITION : It is the measurement of uPVC Profiles nominal shape, Wall thickness, Profile face flatness and
straightness by using Profile Projector/Scanner.

External Dimension (mm) Tolerance (mm)

Depth (D)≤80 ±0.3

Depth (D) ˃80 ±0.5

Overall width(W) ±0.5

` STRAIGHTNESS TEST (EN 12608)

DEFINITION : Measurement of straightness of uPVC Profiles using Surface table.

RESULT: Deviation of straightness shall not be ˃ 1 mm/Mtr

 ` Impact Resistance by falling Mass
(BS EN 477:1999)

DEFINITION : uPVC Profile to withstand impact resistance by falling 1 KG mass @ 1 and 1.5 meter height
at -10°C .

Classification of Impact Resistance

Falling Class I Class II
Mass (gm) 1000 1000
Height (mm) 1000 1500
 ` HEAT REVERSION TEST
(EN 12608) (BS EN 479:1999)

DEFINITION : Heat reversion is the behaviour of uPVC Profile to withstand the expansion or contraction at
elevated temperature(100OC at 60 minutes in hot air oven).

RESULT: The value shall not be >2% in the largest opposing sight surfaces.

Heat reversion difference shall not be > 0.4% of two visual surfaces.

CONSEQUENCES :Window warpage issue .

 ` HEAT AGEING TEST
(EN 12608) (BS EN 479:1999)

DEFINITION : Heat Ageing is the behaviour of uPVC Profile specimen to

withstand against the surface crack, surface peel off and blisters when simulated
at elevated temperature (150OC at 30 minutes in hot air oven).

CONSEQUENCE: Cracks and rupture on the Window Profile surface due to

entrapped gases.
 ` ARTIFICIAL WEATHERING TEST
(DIN EN 513)

DEFINITION : Simulation of uPVC Profile against extreme tropical weather conditions. & measure of . ΔE value
through simulation of severe climatic zone ‘s’ at 8000 hours @16 Gj/m² of irradiation.

CHARPY IMPACT TEST: Reduction of charpy impact strength (Notched) shall not be 40% between unexposed and
exposed weathering samples.

Classification of Climatic Zone:

Moderate Climate Severe Climate
Energy
(M) (S)
Annual total solar energy* on horizontal surface ˂ 5 GJ/m2 ≥ 5 GJ/m2
Average of the daily maximum temperature* of the warmest month per year

˂ 22OC ≥ 22OC
`
SOLAR IRRADIATION ACROSS GLOBE

Moderate Climate – M Zone

Severe Climate – S Zone

 ` ANNUAL SOLAR IRRADIATION & DESIRED
ACCELERATED WEATHERING TEST

Annual Solar
Irradiation
8 GJ/M²

Radiant Exposure Exposure Time wave length range

(GJ/m2 ) (Hours)
16 8,000 300 to 800 nm

Δ E shall not be > 5

Δ b not be > 3
 ` CHARPY IMPACT STRENGTH
(EN ISO 179)

DEFINITION : Charpy V-notch test, is a standardized high strain-rate

test which determines the amount of energy absorbed by uPVC during fracture.

DUCTILE FRACTURE: Type of Fracture characterized by extensive

deformation of plastic .

BRITTLE FRACTURE : Type of Fracture characterized by rapid crack

propagation with low energy release and without significant plastic
deformation
 ` VICAT SOFTENING TEMPERATURE
(EN ISO 306)

DEFINITION : The temperature at which the uPVC test specimen allows

maximum penetration of needle up to 1mm, while it is heated up in an oil bath with
simultaneous application of load (10N-50N) on the needle.

CONSEQUENCE: Lower VST indicates poor formulation strength and

deteriorate on early stages. Windows may deteriorate even at lower
temperature.
` TENSILE IMPACT STRENGTH
(EN ISO 8256)

DEFINITION : The method of investigating the behaviour of the

brittleness and toughness of uPVC specimen under specified impact
velocities.

CONSEQUENCE: Poor mechanical strength is more vulnerable for impact

loads on Windows.
 ` FLEXURAL MODULUS OF ELASTICITY
(EN ISO 178)

DEFINITION : Flexural modulus is the tendency of uPVC specimen to bend i.e.

Quantification of stress to strain ratio in Flexural deformation.

CONSEQUENCE: Poor Elasticity results into more brittleness and

vulnerability.
 ` WELDABILITY TEST
(EN 514)

DEFINITION : The measure of the molecular bonding strength of fusion welding

i.e. The minimum failure load of welded corners.

RESULT :
Tensile Weld Strength Test:
Failure stress shall not be˂25 N/mm² (Mean value)
Failure stress shall not be˂20 N/mm² (Individual value)

Compression Weld Strength Test:

Failure stress shall not be˂35 N/mm² (Mean value)
Failure stress shall not be˂30 N/mm² (Individual value)

CONSEQUENCE: Low weld strength leads to weld cracks and panel cracks during
transit and installation of Windows.
 `
LAMINATION TECHNOLOGY

Lamination is a process of wrapping a high weather resistance foil on the uPVC profile by
using highly efficient and weather resistance adhesive through a foiling/ lamination
machine.
 Q&A SESSION NOW !!!!!
`
LETS HAVE OUR
 ` DON’T MISS OUR NEXT WEBINAR !!!!!

“uPVC WINDOW HARDWARE /GASKET /REINFORCEMENT “

HOSTED BY :
8TH MAY 2020
AWARENESS FRIDAY
WEBINARS 11:30 AM TO 12:45 PM
 For Any Enquiry Or Assistance On uPVC Windows & Doors
Feel Free To Call or Message Your Own
Mr.Window @ +91-9560042848 , email : info@uwdmaindia.org

PRESENTED BY : HOSTED BY :

uPVC WINDOW & DOOR

MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION