COMPUTING COUNTER APPLICATIONS LIBRARY [NUMB ACCUMULATIVE PHASE NOISE OF A TRANSMITTER-RECEIVER The unique computational and high speed measurement capability of the computing counter make possible the di- rect measurement of accumulative phase stability. In a phaseshiftkeyed data trensmitter or receiver, the data (bits: a one or a zero) is detected at some “time per Dit” and a “one” Is distinguished from a “zero” by a pliase: shift of 45° within this “bit time.” The amount of phase shift accumulated by the system, due to noise, during the “bit time” is critical and must be low in order not to cause the data to be misinterpreted. This application sheet shows a metliod for measuring this accumulated pliase error. cumulative phase noise in degrees may be expressed by the formula: Ag = 360t(f, 1) where: Ag = accumulative phase noise frequency averaged over time t = frequency averaged over successive period t measurement time EQUIPMENT SETUP ‘5375A KEYBOARD : po | —= RECEIVER CW AUDIO OUTPUT CW AUDIO INPUT Roe ad an fo MEASURED MEASURED MEASUREMENT CONSIDERATIONS The signal input to the transmitter should be a continu ‘ous tone or signal with no phase shift associated with it, so that any phase shift measured at the receiver can be said to be caused by the system (the transmitter signal Source can be meastired directly using this procedure to Getermine its characteristics). Measurement time should be selected to best suit the application of interest. For a Bhasesshiftkeyed system, the “bit time” Itself is a good selection for MEASUREMENT TIME. The program is ar ranged to make the two frequency measurements and com- pute phase noise for the formula shown. The answer is then wart formation, call your tocel HP Salas Office or East (201 fa! Hewiett-Packa©d, 1501 Page Mill Reed, Polo Alto, Calffornta #4204. In Eu 19 SNE compared with the provious answer and the larger of the two fs kept. The process is repeated until N measurements hhave been made. This feature allows maximum phase noise to be displayed for N measurements. N is selected to be $10, 100,1K, or 10 K. ACCURACY Accuracy is directly proportional to frequency and can be expressed as: ‘Accuracy In degrees — 1.8 x 10 7x f = trigger error (see NOTE 1) + time base error. Hfone of the heterodyne converters is used as the plug-in, the accuracy shown is for the best frequency output of this converter. MEASUREMENT SETUP (On 5360A Set: 1. CYCLE RATE to MAX 2. DIGITS DISPLAYED fo 11 3, MEASUREMENT TIME as required (see text) 4. TRIG-NORM to NORM: 5. FREQ STD to INT 6. Depress EXT (On 5a65A: Set the controls as required. Check that a. frequency ‘measurement Is Possible by depressing MODULE on 5360A. front panel then depress EXT. ‘On 5375A Sot 1. PAUSE switch to HALT OFF and DISPLAY 2, SUB-NORMAL-MAIN to NORMAL PROGRAM Depress the Keys in sequence as shown 13 a 26 os 3.0 (eubirach ns a 3 = multipb 5. LEARN ae ce 6. CLEAR x oe o % (map) ae ies 8, FER PROG a 8, MODULE A (NOTE 2 a3 RUS Cra roe aeeerrced 1.3 24 X FER PROG 11. MODULE A (NOTE 2) 25, ay nQ@ 25, PAUSE bx 27, RUN oe 28, START roy Nom 1 For a discussion of trigger error see the 5360A training manual NOTE 2. This program assumes the measurement is made through input module Channel A. If the measure- ment is made through the B input or a plu this keystroke must be changed accordingly. 265-5000 + Midwest (2121 677-0400 + South (a0 9217 Meyrin