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4 (a) (i) Study Fig. 4.1, a map showing the areas where three different types of fruit are grown in
Pakistan.

Key:
international boundary
province-level boundary
disputed boundary
river JAMMU AND
KASHMIR
A disputed territory

0 100 200 300

Arabian Sea
km

Fig. 4.1

Complete the key with the name of fruits A, B and C below.

Key:

C
[3]

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(ii) Using Fig. 4.1 only describe the distribution of the areas where fruit A is grown.

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(iii) Using Fig. 4.1 only, state two differences between the location of the areas where fruits
B and C are grown.

1 ........................................................................................................................................

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2 ........................................................................................................................................

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(b) Explain the ideal natural growing conditions needed to grow bananas in Pakistan. You should
develop your answer.

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(c) (i) Define ‘subsistence farming’.

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(ii) State two human and two natural inputs for subsistence rice farming.

human inputs natural inputs

[4]

(iii) Suggest two disadvantages of subsistence farming.

1 ........................................................................................................................................

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2 ........................................................................................................................................

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[2]

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(d) Evaluate the extent to which different strategies used to increase agricultural production
in Pakistan have been successful. Give reasons to support your judgement and refer to
examples you have studied. You should consider different points of view in your answer.

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[Total: 25]

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5 (a) (i) Study Fig. 5.1, a population pyramid showing the projected population structure for
Pakistan in 2040.

male female
85 +
older 80 – 84
75 – 79
dependents 70 – 74
65 – 69
60 – 64
55 – 59
50 – 54
45 – 49
economically 40 – 44
active 35 – 39
30 – 34
25 – 29
20 – 24
15 – 19
young 10 – 14
dependents 5–9
0–4
6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
age
percentage (%) group percentage (%)

Fig 5.1

Complete the population pyramid using the information below:

males
age 60–64 1.7%
[1]

(ii) Using Fig. 5.1, calculate the percentage of female young dependents in Pakistan.

Circle the correct answer.

13.1% 17.4% 18.6% 36.0%

[1]

(iii) Describe the projected population structure for Pakistan in 2040 using Fig. 5.1 only.

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(iv) Explain how population data can be used to plan for the future in Pakistan. You should
develop your answer.

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(b) (i) Suggest three benefits of a youthful population for Pakistan.

1 ........................................................................................................................................

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3 ........................................................................................................................................

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[3]

(ii) State four ways that a low and steady birth rate can be achieved in Pakistan.

1 ...........................................................................................

2 ...........................................................................................

3 ...........................................................................................

4 ...........................................................................................
[4]

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(c) (i) Complete the sentence below about overpopulation. Put the correct words in the spaces
provided.

There is overpopulation when there are ........................... people and

........................... resources to support a satisfactory quality of life.

too few too many

[1]

(ii) Describe two impacts of overpopulation.

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(d) Pakistan has one of the world’s largest and fastest growing populations. Read the following
two views about the impact of fertility rates on the future economic development of Pakistan:

A B

Unchecked high fertility Reducing the fertility

rates in Pakistan will rate in Pakistan will
hinder future economic hinder future economic
development. development.

Which view do you agree with more? Give reasons to support your answer and refer to
examples you have studied. You should consider View A and View B in your answer.

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[Total: 25]

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