CHAPTER 1

PHILOSOPHICAL
THOUGHTS ON
EDUCATION
 OBJECTIVES:
•Identify the 6
Philosopher in •Explain the •Assess the
Philosophical different students
thoughts on Philosophical learning
Education. thoughts on through a
Education short quiz.
PHILOSOPHICAL THOUGHTS ON EDUCATION
Philosophical thoughts of education help
you realize:
-Building interpersonal relationships and
-Engaging in reflection and meaningful
discourse during the teaching learning
process.
 BANKING METHOD
-Traditional approach in teaching
-Store and remember information by teachers
- Empty receptacles or learning
- World as seen as static and unchangeable
and student should fit in it as it is.
 ISOLATED FACTS
•Facts are important

•Mile wide inch deep kind of learning

•However, with this banking system in education

there is too much teaching, not enough learning.
 PAULO FRIERE:
CRITICAL PEDAGOGY
•Believed that systems must be changed to overcome oppression and
improved human condition.

•Education and literacy are the vehicles for social change.

•Teaching and learning as a process of inquiry in which the child must invent
and reinvent the world.

•Teachers must not see themselves as sole possessors of knowledge and their
students as empty receptacles.
•Friere's critical pedagogy is problem- posing education
wherein the central element is dialogue.

•Dialogue is the basis for critical and problem-posing

pedagogy, as opposed to banking education, where there
is no discussion, only the imposition of the teacher's idea
on the students.
 HERBERT SPENCER:
EDUCATION
•Spencer's concept of "survival of the fittest"
•Social development had taken place according to an evolutionary
process by which simple homogenous societies had evolved to more
complex societal systems characterized by humanistic and classical
education.
•Industrialized society require vocational and professional education.
•Curriculum subjects. practical, utilitarian and scientific
•Not rote learning; schooling must be related to life and to the
activities need to earn a living.
•Curriculum must be arranged according to their contribution to
human survival and progress.

•Science and other subjects that sustained human life and

prosperity should have curricular priority since it aids in the
performance of life activities.

•Individual competition leads to social progress. He who is the fittest

survives.
 JOHN LOCKE: EMPIRICIST
•Empiricism experience knowledge is based on one's

•Child was born as Tabula Rasa "Blank Slate"

•Child is neither inherently good nor bad child character is

based on his experience.
•Nature vs Nurture (give emphasis).

•The role of the teacher is very crucial in making or breaking the child.

•Questioned the traditional view that knowledge came exclusively from

literary source (Greek or Latin).

•Learners learn from authentic experiences and they are active agent
of their own learning Negated "divine rights of the kings" - No one is
destined to be a ruler forever.
 JOHN DEWEY: LEARNING
THROUGH EXPERIENCE
•Education is a social process and schools are related to the society that it
serves.
•Since a school is a social agency its main function is to shape human
character and behavior.
•Schools are for the people and by the people.
Students learn best when they are the center of the educative process.
•Dewey did not disregard the wisdom of the past.
•For Dewey the ideal learner is, the one who does not only learn by doing
(conducting and experiment) but also connect accumulated wisdom of the
past to the present.
 GEORGE COUNTS: BUILDING
SOCIAL ORDER
•Schools and teachers should be agents of change of social improvement
•Reiterated that everyone should aim for change for the better not just
for the sake of change.
•Schools should provide quality education and equal learning
opportunities to all students.
•"Material progress is very evident but moral and ethical development
seemed to have lagged behind".
•Building a new social order is indeed necessary.
THEODORE BAMELD: SOCIAL
RECONSTRUCTIONISM
•Social Reconstructionist 'the only goal of a truly human education
is to create a world order in which people are in control their own
destiny.
•School, then, should enlighten students as regards social problem,
exposed them and engage them actively in problem solving.
•Everyone must be given equal access to education and any form
discrimination should be eliminated.
• Emphasize the right of all citizens to free to Education.
 Reference:
Prieto, N.G., Arcangel, C.N. Corpuz, B.B. (2019). The
Teacher and the Community, School Culture and
Organizational Leadership. Philippines: Lorimar
Publishing Inc.
Thank
You!