UNDERSTANDING

THE SELF
The Self from the
Psychological
Perspective-I

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WHAT IS PSYCHOLOGY?

Psychology is devoted to
understanding how people think,
feel, behave and learn.

Psychology is the study of the human

mind and its wide-ranging functions
and influences. Psychological
research advances our understanding
of human emotion, personality,
intelligence, memory, perception,
cognition, attention, and motivation,
as well as the biological processes
that drive these human functions and
behaviours.

https://psychology.org.au/ 3
 SIGMUND FREUD’S
CONSTRUCTION OF SELF
AND PERSONALITY

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PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY

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-Freud argues that the mind is composed of three structures through which personality is formed:
THE ID, EGO and SUPEREGO

ID -Refers to the component to the personality characterized by its need to satisfy basic urges
and desires. What are examples of this?

HUNGER

SEXUAL DESIRE

SURVIVAL 6
AGGRESSION THIRST
-The Id is the pleasure-seeking side, impulsive, child-like and demands instant gratification.
Ito ang bahagi na nagsasabing NOW NA!

The id remains infantile in its function throughout a person's life and does not change with
time or experience, as it is not in touch with the external world. The id is not affected by
reality, logic or the everyday world, as it operates within the unconscious part of the mind.
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SUPEREGO -Refers to the conscience and moral judge of conduct. Violation
of rules lead to feelings of guilt. It strives for perfection rather
than pleasure.

The superego incorporates the values and morals of society.

Paano tayo natuto ng TAMA O MALI? Sino ang nagsabi sa atin ng Dapat at
Hindi Dapat? Ano ang nararamdaman mo kapag may ginawa kang mali? 8
EGO
The ego operates according to the reality
principle, working out realistic ways of satisfying
the id’s demands, often compromising or
postponing satisfaction to avoid negative
consequences of society. The ego considers
social realities and norms, etiquette and rules in
deciding how to behave.

The ego develops to mediate between the

unrealistic id and the external real world. It is the
decision-making component of personality.
Ideally, the ego works by reason, whereas the id
is chaotic and unreasonable.

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Kung ang ego ang decision maker, ano ang gagawin niya?
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Thanks!
Maria Crisanta M. Jarque
Sorsogon State University

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