PREFACE

Dear children...

Welcome to the world of Mathematics which is more than a mere world of axioms,
theorems, constants, numericals and variables. It is an art in its most perfect form.
Indeed, it is the only branch of science that not only plays a vital role in tests like IIT -
JEE but also enriches your day - to - day life by sharpening your mind and enhancing
your analytical skills and thus develops your personality as a whole. This book has been
designed keeping in mind the role of Mathematics in competitive tests and your life too.

The unique feature of this book is its intensive approach in moulding the student
for IIT - JEE.

1) Concept - to learn

2) Three types of question packages - Level - I, Level - II and Level - III

All the chapters in this subject are divided into several ‘Concepts’. The concepts in
each Chapter are presented, in full clarity, in the form of a synopsis and illustrated
further with examples. The students can assess their level of understanding on the same
day by solving problems .

We, then, have a unique set of questions provided in this book in the form of
Level - I Including straight objective questions and Level - II, III Including more than
one type questions, Passage type, Interger Type and Matrix Matching type questions for
further practice and clarity.

Our time-tested approach together with this comprehensive book, which is on par
with international standards, will definitely help the students realise their dream of securing
top ranks in IIT - JEE
JEE. We wish you all the best.
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Surds C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I
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INDEX

S.No. Name of the Topic Page No.

1. Surds 03 - 21

2. Logarithms 22 - 40

3. Sets and Relations 41 - 69

4. Sequence and Series 70 - 127

5. Quadratic Expressions and Equations 128 - 182

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1.
C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I
SURDS
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Surds
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Ø Definition: Let 'a' be a positive rational number and 'n' be a positive integer ( ≠ 1) .
1
If n a or a n is not a rational number (irrational) , then th
n
a is called a surd of order 'n' or n order
surd.
M The other name of a 'surd' is 'radical'
M The symbol n is called a radical sign.
M 'n' is called the order of the surd.
M 'a' is called the radicand.
M n th
a can be read as " n root of a"
25
Example : 2, 3
2 , 4 9 , 3 10 , etc., are surds.

Note:1) n
an = a .
2) In general 2 a is written as a .
3) Every surd is an irrational number, but every irrational number need not be a surd.
Example : 2 is a surd as well as an irrational, but π is only an irrational, not a surd.
Ø Types of surds based on order
Quadratic surd : A surd of order two is called a quadratic surd.
Example : 2 , 3 , 5 etc.
Cubic surd : A surd of order three is called a cubic surd.
Example : 3 2, 3 20, 3 30 etc.
Biquadratic surd : A surd of order four is called a biquadratic surd.
Example : 4
3, 4
7, 4 10 , 4
9 etc.
Ø Types of surds based on terms
Simple surd or monomial surd : A surd consists of a single term is called a simple or monomial
surd.
Example : 2 3, 3 4, 5 3 9 , etc.
Pure Surd : A simple surd expressed in the form a n b , where a = 1 is called an entire surd or a pure
surd.
Example : 7, 40, 3 10 4 27.....
Mixed Surd : A simple surd which is not pure surd is called mixed surd.
Example : 2 3, 4 7 9, 6 9 18 .....
Compound surd: A surd consisting of two or more terms is called a compound surd.
Example : 3 + 2, 2 − 3, 4 + 3 − 7, 5 + 7 − 3 4 , etc.
Binomial surd : A compound surd consisting of two terms is called a binomial surd.
Example : 2 + 3, 2 − 7, 3 − 4 , etc.
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Surds C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I
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Trinomial surd : A compound surd consisting of three terms is called a trinomial surd.
Example : 2 − 3 + 5, 3 + 10 + 3 20, 3 + 2 − 7 , etc.
Similar surds or like surds : If two surds are different multiples of the same simple surd, then they
are called the similar surds (or like surds) other wise, they are called dissimilar surds or unlike surds.
Example : i) 2 3, 3 3, 5 3 are similar surds.
ii) 2 3, 2 5, 7 2 are dissimilar surds.
Note :
1) The product of two similar quadratic surds is a rational number.

( )( )
Example : 3 2 5 2 = ( 3 × 5) ( )
2 × 2 = 15 × 2 = 30 ∈ R
2) The quotient of two similar surds is a rational number
7
Example : 7 3
4 ÷ 23 4 = ∈R
2
Ø Conjugate surds :
If the sum and the product of the binomial surds are rational number , then they are called conjugate
or complementary surds.
Example :
i) The conjugate of 3 + 2 is 3 – 2
i.e 3 + 2 +3 – 2 = 6 → rational number
(3 + 2 ) (3 – 2 ) = 9– 2 = 7 is rational number
ii) 7 + 2 and 7 − 2 are not conjugate surds because , 7 + 2 + 7 − 2 = 2 7 is an
irrational number
Note :
1) If a , b are two surds then there exist no rational number ‘c’ such that a =c+ b
2) If a , b are dissimilar surds, then there exists no surd of the form c such that a ± b = c
3) If a + b = c + d where a, c are the rational numbers and b, d are the surds , then a = c
and b = d and hence a – b = c − d
Ø Rationalising factor ( R.F) :
If the product of two surds is a rational number then each surd is called rationalising factor (R.F) of
the other.
Note :
1) Rationalising factor of a surd is not unique
2) A surd may have infinite number of rationalising factors
Example : The rationalising factors of 3 are n × 3 , where n is any rational number
∴ 3 × n 3 = n × 3 = 3n
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C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I Surds
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Here we can take any rational number

1) The R.F of a + b is a− b
2) The R.F of a − b is a+ b

3) The R.F of 3
a + 3 b is 3
a 2 + 3 b 2 − 3 ab

4) The R.F of 3
a − 3 b is 3
a 2 + 3 b2 + 3 ab
5) The R.F of 4
a + 4 b is ( 4 a − 4 b ) ( a + b )
6) The R.F of 4
a − 4 b is ( 4 a + 4 b ) ( a + b )

7) The R.F of 5
a + 5 b is 5
a 4 − 5 a3 b + 5 a 2 b2 − 5 ab3 + 5 b 4

8) The R.F of 5
a − 5 b is 5 a 4 + 5 a 3b + 5 a 2 b 2 + 5 ab3 + 5 b 4

9) The R.F of 6
a + 6 b is ( 6 a − 6 b )( 3 a 2 + 3 b2 + 3 ab )

10) The R.F of 6

a − 6 b is ( 6 a + 6 b )( 3 a 2 + 3 b 2 + 3 ab )
Ø General :
p q
i) Let the given surd be a– b
p q
Let a=x, b=y
a = xp , b = yq
Let n be the L.C.M of p and q so that xn , yn are both rational .
We have xn – yn = (x – y) (xn– 1 +xn– 2 y + x n– 3 y2 + .... + yn– 1). Hence the rationalising factor of
x – y is xn–1 + xn–2 y + ....+ y n– 1
p q
ii) Let the given surd be a+ b
p q
Let a = x, b=y
a = xp, b= yq
Now n be the L.C.M of p and q so that xn, yn are both rational .
If n is odd, we have
xn + yn = (x + y) (xn–1 – xn–2 y + xn–3 y2 – ......+ yn–1)
Hence the rationalising factor of x + y is ( xn–1 – xn–2 y + xn–3 y2 – ...... + yn–1)
Note : If the four surds a + b + c , − a + b + c , a − b + c , a + b − c , then the
product of any three is the rationalising factor of fourth

Ex: The rationalising factor of (

2 + 3 + 5 is − 2 + 3 + 5 )( 2− 3+ 5 )( 2+ 3− 5 )
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Surds C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I
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Ø Square root : If a,b , a 2 − b are positive rational numbers and b is a surd then

a+c a−c
i) a+ b = + where c = a2 − b
2 2

a+c a−c
ii) a− b = − where c = a2 − b
2 2

1 bd 1 bc
iii) If a + b + c + d = x + y + z then x = , y= ,
2 c 2 d

1 cd
z= and x + y + z = a
2 b

iv) a + b − c − d = x + y − z if x+ y> z

=– x − y + z if x+ y< z

SOLVED EXAMPLES

1. Find the square root of 11 + 4 7 .

Sol. Let 11 + 4 7 = x + y
Squaring on both sides
11 + 4 7 = x + y + 2 xy
Equating the rational and irrational parts on both sides, we get
x + y = 11 .......... (1)
and 2 xy = 4 7
⇒ 4xy = 112
∴ (x – y)2 = (x + y)2 – 4xy
= (11)2 – 112 = 9
⇒ x–y=3 .......... (2)
Solving (1) and (2), we get x = 7, y = 4

∴ (11 + 4 7 ) = 7+ 4 = 7+2

Short method : 11 + 4 7 = ( 7 + 4) + 2 7×4

( )
2
= 7+ 4

= 7+ 4
= 7 +2 .
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C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I Surds
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2. Find the positive square root of 10 + 2 6 + 2 15 + 2 10 .

Sol. Let 10 + 2 6 + 2 15 + 2 10 = x + y + z
squaring on both sides
10 + 2 6 + 2 15 + 2 10 = x + y + z + 2 xy + 2 yz + 2 zx
⇒ x + y + z = 10 ........ (1) and
2 ( xy ) = 2 6 ⇒ xy = 6 ........ (i)

2 ( yz) = 2 15 ⇒ yz = 15 ........ (ii)

2 ( zx ) = 2 10 ⇒ zx = 10

xy × yz 6 × 15
∴ =
zx 10
⇒ y2 = 9
⇒ y=3
from (i), x(3) = 6 ∴ x = 2
from (ii), 3z = 15 ∴ z = 5
Now, x + y + z = 2 + 3 + 5 = 10
since the values of x,y,z satisfying (1),
∴ 10 + 2 6 + 2 15 + 2 10 = 2 + 3 + 5 .
Short method : 10 + 2 6 + 2 15 + 2 10

= ( 2 + 3 + 5) + 2 2×3 +2 3×5 +2 5×2

( )
2
= 2+ 3+ 5

= 2 + 3+ 5.

3. Find the fourth root of 28 − 16 3 .

Sol. Fourth root of 28 − 16 3 = 28 − 16 3

Now, 28 − 16 3 = 28 − 2 3 × 64

= 28 − 2 192

= (16 + 12) − 2 16 × 12

( )
2
= 16 − 12

= 16 − 12 = 4 − 2 3
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Surds C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I
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∴ 28 − 16 3 = 4 − 2 3

= (3 + 1) − 2 3 ×1

( )
2
= 3− 1

= 3 −1 .

4. If a > 0 , then find the value of a a a a............∞

Sol. Let x = a a a............∞

⇒ x = ax
⇒ x 2 = ax
⇒ x 2 − ax = 0
⇒ x ( x − a) = 0
x ≠ 0, x – a = 0
⇒x=a

∴ a a a.........∞ = a .
Ø Cube root :
a ± b = x ± y ⇒ x + 3xy = a, x – y=
3 2
i) 3 3
a2 − b
ii) 3
a ± b = x ± y and x ≤ 3
Case (i) : x = remainder of ‘a’ when divide by 3, if the remainder is non zero
a − x3
Case (ii) : x = 3 if the remainder is zero and y =
3x

Ø Fourth root : a+ b =4
a+ b
One of the factors in the inner root must be a perfect square.
Some important points :

( ) ( )
x2 − k x2 − k
i) a+ b + a− b = 2a, a 2 − b = 1 ⇒ x 2 − k = 1 ⇒ x = ± k + 1

1 + 1 + 4a
ii) a + a + ....∞ =
2

iii) a a a....∞ = a
1
1−
iv) a a a....n times = a 2n
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C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I Surds
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SOLVED EXAMPLE

1. Find the cube root of 37 + 30 3

Sol : Let 3
37 + 30 3 = x + y
By cubing on both sides, we get

( )
3
37 + 30 3 = x + y

= x 3 + 3 x 2 y + 3 xy + y y

( )
= x 3 + 3 xy + y 3 x 2 + y( )
By comparing rational parts on both sides, we get
x3 + 3xy = 37 ............ (1)

since 3
37 + 30 3 = x + y ⇔ 3 37 − 30 3 = x − y

Now, ( 37 + 30 3 )( 37 − 30 3 ) = ( x +
3 3
)(
y x− y )
⇒ 3
1269 − 2700 = x 2 − y

⇒ 3
−1331 = x - y
2

⇒ –11 = x2 – y
∴ y = x2 + 11 ............ (2)
Substituting (2) in (1), we get
x3 + 3x (x2 + 11) = 37
⇒ x3 + 3x3 + 33x = 37
⇒ 4x3 + 33x = 37
⇒ x (4x2 + 33) = 1 × 37
which is true for x = 1
∴ y = (1)2 + 11 = 12 [3 from (2)]

∴ 3
37 + 30 3 = x + y

= 1 + 12

=1+ 2 3
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Surds C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I
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SYNOPSIS
L If n is a positive integer and a rational number a (> 0) is not the nth power of any rational number, then
n
a is called a surd of nth order.
L 3
2, 3 3,....... are the surds of the third order, called cubic surds. 4
7, 4 5 are the surds of 4th order
or biquadratic surds.
L Types of Surds:-
a) Simple Surd: A surd which consists of a single term is called a simple (or) monomial surd
Ex: 2, 3 3, 4 2 .

b) Mixed Surd: If a is a rational number and b is a surd then a + b , a − b are called mixed surds.
Ex: 2 + 3, 4 + 2, 5 − 5
c) Compound Surd: A surd which is the sum (or) difference of two (or) more surds is called a
compound surd.
Ex: 3 + 5, 2 − 4 3 + 6 5, 2 + 3 − 5
d) Binomial surd: A compound surd consisting of two surds is called a binomial surd
Ex: 3 3 + 2, 13 − 7,
e) Similar and dissimilar surds: If two surds are different multiples of the same surd they are
called similar surds otherwise they are dissimilar surds.
Ex: 3 2, 5 2, 9 2 are similar surds. 6 2, 5 3, 6 5 are dissimilar surds.
L Laws of radicals:
n
a a
i) n
a × b = ab
n n ii) n
=n
iii) m n a = n m a = mn a
b b
L A surd having unity as its rational factor, the other factor being irrational is called a pure surd.
L Comparision of surds is possible only when they are of the same order. The radicands are then to be
compared. Ex: 3 2 and 3 4

Here surds are of the same order, radicands to be compared. ∴ 4>32 3

L In order to compare the surds of different order and different base we first reduce them to the same
order and then radicands are to be compared.
L Addition and subtraction of surds is possible only for similar surds.
L The surds of the same order can be multiplied (or) divided according to the laws:
n
a a
n
a × b = ab ;
n n
n
=n .
b b
L When the surds to be multiplied (or) divided are not of the same order, they have to be necessarily
brought to the same order before simplification done.
L If the product of two surds is rational, then each of the two surds is called a rationalising factor (R.F)
of the other.
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10 Varsity Education Management Pvt. Ltd.
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C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I Surds
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Ex: 2 3 × 3 = 6 (a rational number). So 3 is the rationalising factor of 2 3 .

L a n . a m −n = a n . a m −n = a m = a ).
m m m m
am−n
Rationalising factor of m m
a n is (since

L Rationalising factor of ( a + b is ) ( a − b (since ) ( a+ b )( ) ( a) −( b)

a− b =
2 2
= a − b ).

L i) ( a + b )( a 2 − ab + b 2 ) = a 3 + b3

∴ Rationalising factor of ( 3
a + 3 b is ) ( 3
a 2 − 3 ab + 3 b2 )
(since ( 3 a + 3 b )( 3 a 2 − 3 ab + 3 b2 ) = a + b ).
ii) ( a − b )( a 2 + ab + b2 ) = a3 − b3

∴ Rationlising factor of ( 3
a − 3 b is ) ( 3
a 2 + 3 ab + 3 b2 )
(Since ( 3
a−3b )( 3
a 2 + 3 ab + 3 b 2 = a − b ) )
L Sum and product of two mixed surds a + b and a − b where a and b are rational numbers is a
rational number, then a + b and a − b are called conjugate surds to each other.,
Ex: Conjugate surd of 2 + 3 is (2 − 3) (since product: (2 + 3)(2 − 3) = (2)2 − ( 3)2 = 4 − 3 = 1
Sum: 2 + 3 + 2 − 3 = 4 (a rational number)).
∴ 2 + 3 is conjugate to 2 − 3 and vice versa.
L If a + b = c + d then a = c and b = d (or) b = d. a − b = c − d then a = c and − b = − d
(or) b = d.

LEVEL - I

1. If x = 3, y = 6 2, z = 4 7 then [ ]
a) x > z > y b) x < y < z c) x < y < z d) z > x > y

2. The smallest among 37 + 11, 41 + 7, 43 + 5 and 35 + 13 is [ ]

a) 41 + 7 b) 37 + 11 c) 35 + 13 d) 43 + 5

3. 14 5 − 80 = [ ]
a) 3
5(3 − 5) b) 4
5(9 − 5) c) 4
5(3 − 8) d) 5(3 − 5)

4. If 23 + x 10 = 18 + 5 then x = [ ]
a) 3 b) 2 c) 6 d) none

5. If x = 3 + 2 2 then x 2 − 6 x + 5 = [ ]
a) 0 b) 2 c) 4 d) 6
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Surds C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I
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6. 3 3 3...............∞ = [ ]

1
a) 3 b) c) 3 d) None
3

7. 2 + 2 + ..........∞ = [ ]
a) 2 b) –1 c) 1 d) None

1
8. If y = x + x 2 − 1 then ( y + y −1 ) = [ ]
2
1 1 1
a) x b) c) d)
x 5 5

x x + 1 17
9. If + = then x = [ ]
x +1 x 4
1 16 17 2 4 3
a) ,− b) , c) , d) None
15 15 15 15 17 17

1 1
10. If 5 x = (0.5) y = 1000 , then − = [ ]
x y
1 1 1
a) 1 b) c) d)
2 3 4
11. The value of (17 + 288)1 / 4 will be [ ]

a) 1 + 2 b) 1 − 2 c) 2 + 2 d) 2 − 2

p q
⎛ 1⎞ ⎛ 1⎞
⎜⎝ p + q ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ p − q ⎟⎠ ⎛ p⎞
x
12. If = ⎜ ⎟ , then x = [ ]
⎛ 1⎞ ⎛
p
1⎞
q
⎝ q⎠
⎜⎝ q + q −
p ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ p ⎟⎠
a) p b) q c) p + q d) None of these

15
13. The value of is [ ]
10 + 20 + 40 − 5 − 80
a) 5(5 + 2) b) 5(2 + 2 ) c) 5(1 + 2 ) d) 5(3 + 2)

⎡ ⎤
14. ⎢ 3 − {4 + 5 + ( 17 − 4 15 )} ⎥ = [ ]
⎣ ⎦
a) –i b) 2i c) i d) –2i
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12 Varsity Education Management Pvt. Ltd.
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C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I Surds
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15. The greatest among 17 − 3, 4 − 8, 15 − 7, 14 − 6 is [ ]

a) 17 − 3 b) 14 − 6 c) 15 − 7 d) 4 − 8

5− 3 1
16. If x = then x 3 + = [ ]
5+ 3 x3
a) 524 b) 488 c) 125 d) 152

17. − 6 − 6 − 6 − ...............∞ = [ ]
a) 2 b) 3 c) –2 d) –3

18. If ( 3 + 2 ) x + ( 3 − 2 ) x = 10 , then x = [ ]
a) ± 3 b) ± 1 c) ± 2 d) None

19. The square root of 12 − 68 + 48 2 will be [ ]

a) ± (1 + 2 ) b) ± (1 − 2 ) c) ± (2 − 2 ) d) ± (2 + 2)
n
20. If a m = (a m )n , then the value of m in terms of n is [ ]
1
1
a) n b) (n − 1) n c) d) None of these
m + n −1
12
21. The value of with a rational denominator is [ ]
3+ 5 −2 2
a) 1 + 5 − 2 + 10 b) 1 − 5 + 2 − 10
c) 1 − 5 + 2 + 10 d) 1 + 5 + 2 + 10

22. If 19 − 4 x = 12 − 7 then x = [ ]
a) 84 b) 28 c) 21 d) 14

23. The positive square root of 8 3 − 6 5 is [ ]

a) 5− 3 b) 3 ( 5− 3 ) c) 3
3 ( 5− 3 ) d) 4
3 ( 5− 3 )
2
24. If x = 8 − 2 15 , then x+ = [ ]
x
a) 2 5 b) 2 3 c) 3 2 d) 5 2

25. If a + b = c + d + e , then the surds d and e are [ ]

a) equal b) similar c) dissimilar d) none of these

26. If for the surds a , b , c , a + b = c , then a and b are [ ]

a) rational b) similar c) dissimilar d) conjugate surds
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Surds C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I
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1
27. = [ ]
8
2+83

(
a) 3 − 2
18 18
)(
31 4 + 21 4 31 2 + 21 2 )( ) (
b) 3 + 2
18 18
)(
31 4 + 21 4 31 2 − 21 2 )( )
c) (3 − 21 8 )(3 + 21 4 )(3 −2 ) d) (3 − 21 8 )(3 − 21 4 )(3 − 21 2 )
18 14 12 2 18 14 12

28. The positive square root of 7 − 48 is [ ]

a) 4+ 3 b) 2 − 3 c) 2 + 3 d) 3−2

29. The square root of 14 – 8 3 is [ ]

a) 2 2 + 6 b) 2 2 − 6 c) 2 2 + 6 d) 8 + 6

26 − 15 3
30. = [ ]
5 2 − 38 + 5 3

1 1
a) b) 3 c) 2 3 d)
3 2 3

(28 − 10 3 ) ( )
1/ 2 −1 / 2
31. − 7+4 3 = [ ]

a) 3 b) 3 c) 1/3 d) 1/ 3

32. 12 − 68 + 48 2 = [ ]

a) 3 − 2 b) 2 − 2 c) 2 − 3 d) 5 − 2

33. 14 5 − 30 = [ ]
1
a) 5
12
(3 − 5 ) b) 5 14
(3 − 5 ) c) 5 12
(3 + 5 ) d) 54 (3 + 5 )
34. 4
17 + 12 2 = [ ]

a) 3 + 2 b) 2 +1 c) 1 + 3 d) 2 + 3

35. The positive square root of 6 − 12 − 24 + 8 is [ ]

a) −1 + 3 + 2 b) 1 − 3 + 2 c) 1 + 3 − 2 d) 1 + 3 + 2

( ) ( )
x/2 x/2
36. The number of real solutions of the equation 4 + 15 + 4 − 15 = 8 is [ ]
a) 0 b) 2 c) 1 d) 4

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14 Varsity Education Management Pvt. Ltd.
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C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I Surds
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37. The geometric mean of 1 + 2 and 7 + 5 2 is a + b . Then a – b = [ ]

a) – 1 b) 1 c) 2 d) – 2

38. The geometric mean of two surds is 1 and one of those surds is 2 + 3 . Then the other surd is
a) 1 − 3 b) 1 + 3 c) 2 − 3 d) 3 + 2 [ ]

for x > 2, then f (11) =

1 1
39. If f ( x ) = + [ ]
x + 2 2x − 4 x − 2 2x − 4
a) 7 / 6 b) 5 / 6 c) 6 / 7 d) 5 / 7

(20 + 14 2 ) ( )
2 /3 2 /3
40. + 20 − 14 2 = [ ]
a) 12 b) 6 c) 4 d) 2

( ) ( )
x 2 − 24 x 2 − 24
41. If 9 + 2 20 + 9 − 2 20 = 18 , then x = [ ]

a) ±5, ± 24 b) ±6, ± 23 c) ±5, ± 23 d) ±6, ± 24

KEY
1) a 2) d 3) a 4) c 5) c 6) a 7) a 8) a
9) a 10) c 11) a 12) c 13) c 14) c 15) b 16) b
17) c 18) c 19) c 20) d 21) a 22) c 23) d 24) a
25) a 26) b 27) a 28) b 29) b 30) a 31) a 32) b
33) b 34) b 35) b 36) b 37) b 38) c 39) c 40) a
41) c

LEVEL - II
SECTION - A

1. ( a + 1/ 2)2 + 3 / 4 is irrational if a is [ ]
a) any integer other than 0 b) any integer other than 0 and 1
c) any integer other than 1 and – 1 d) any integer other than 0 and – 1
2. If a + b = d + e , then [ ]
a) a = 0, b is dissimilar with d, e b) a ≠ 0, b is dissimilar with d, e
c) a = 0, b is similar with d, e d) a ≠ 0, b is similar with d, e

3. If the sum and product of surds a + b , c + d are both rational, then one of the conditions to be
satisfied is [ ]
a) a = c b= d
b) a=d c) b=c d)
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Surds C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I
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4. If a = 15 + 11, b = 14 + 12 then [ ]
a) a > b b) a < b c) a = b d) a + b = 0

5. If a = 37 − 7, b = 43 − 13 then [ ]
a) a > b b) a < b c) a = b d) a + b = 0

6. If a = 17 − 16, b = 15 − 14 then [ ]
a) a > b b) a < b c) a = b d) a + b = 0

7. The geometric mean of 1 + 2 and 7 + 5 2 is a + b . Then a – b = [ ]

a) – 1 b) 1 c) 2 d) – 2

8. If x > 0, then x x x.........∞ = [ ]

x
a) x b) x 2 c) 2x d)
2

9. The value of 6 6 6 6 6 is. [ ]

30 31 31 1
a) 4 31 b) 532 c) 6 32 d) 30 2

10. The positive square root of 32 − 24 is [ ]

a) 4
2 ( 3 − 1) b) 4
2 ( 2 − 1) c) 4
2 ( 2 + 1) d) 4
2 ( 2 − 3)

11. If x = 10 + 6 3 , then 3
x − 1 is [ ]
a) a rational number b) an irrational number
c) 0 d) 2 − 3

12. If 3 a + b = 7 + 4 3 , then 3 a 2 − b = [ ]
a) 0 b) 1 c) –1 d) 7

13. 3
15 3 − 26 = [ ]

a) 1+ 3 b) 2 – 3 c) 3 – 2 d) 3 – 2

2
14. = [ ]
3+ 5 − 3− 5

a) 1 b) 2 c) 5 d) 2 5

15. 3
20 + 14 2 − 3 −20 + 14 2 = [ ]

a) 2 b) 4 c) 2 d) 2 2
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16 Varsity Education Management Pvt. Ltd.
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C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I Surds
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2 1
16. − = [ ]
3
9 − 3 +1 3 3
9 + 3 3 +1
a) 1 b) – 1 c) 3 d) – 3 3
3

2 +1 1
17. If x = the x3 + = [ ]
2 −1 x3
a) 112 b) 192 c) 198 d) 216

18. 27 − 8 + 17 + 12 2 − 28 − 6 3 = [ ]
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

19. If 6 + 24 + 12 + 8 = x + 3 + 1 , then x = [ ]
a) 2 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

3
20. If x = 7 + 2 10 , then x− is [ ]
x
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 2 2

21. If x > 1, then 2 x + 2 x2 −1 = [ ]

a) x −1 − x +1 b) x +1 + x −1 c) 1 − x + x + 1 d) x +1 − x −1

22. The positive square root of 12 5 + 2 55 is [ ]

a) 4
3 ( 13 + 1 ) b) 4
5 ( )
11 + 1 c) 4
2 ( )
14 + 1 d) 4
5 ( )
12 + 1

8 3 − 6 5 + 7 3 + 12
23. = [ ]
9 3 + 4 15
a) 1 b) 3 c) 5 d) 2

24. If x > 3, then the positive square root of 2 x − 1 + 2 x 2 − x − 6 is [ ]

a) x−3 + x+2 b)
1
2
( x−3 + x+2 )
c)
1
2
( x−2 + x+3 ) d) x − 2 + x +1

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Surds C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I
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1
25. The value of the continued fraction 1 + is [ ]
1
1+
1 + ....

5 +1 5 −1 5 +1 5 −1
a) b) c) d)
2 2 3 3

( ) +( ) +( ) + (− )
2 2 2 2
26. a+ b+ c− d a+ b− c+ d a− b+ c+ d a+ b+ c+ d =
a) a + b + c + d b) 2(a + b + c + d) [ ]
c) 4(a + b + c + d) d) 8(a + b + c + d)

SECTION - B
Numerical value type questions

2 +1 1
27. If x = , then x 3 + is
2 −1 x3

1⎛ 1 ⎞ x2 − 1
28. If x = 2 + , then is
2 ⎜⎝ ⎟
2⎠ x − x2 − 1
−2 / 3
If x = 2 + 2 + 2
2/3
29. , then x3 − 6 x2 + 9 x − 2 is

30. If log (10 + 6 3) = 3log ( x + y ) , then the value of x – y is

4
31. If = a + b + c , then a + b + c is
2+ 3− 7

x
32. If x = 3 − 5 , then is
2 + 3x − 2

x +1 x − 1 10
33. If + = , then x is
x −1 x +1 3

2 x
34. If x = 5 + 2 6 and cos θ = , then tan2 θ + cos2 θ =
x −1

35. If (4 + 15)3 / 2 + (4 − 15)3 / 2 = K 10 then K is

7+ 4 3
36. If x = , then x 2 ( x − 14) 2 is
7− 4 3

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18 Varsity Education Management Pvt. Ltd.
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C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I Surds
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KEY
1) d 2) c 3) a 4) b 5) a 6) b 7) b 8) a
9) c 10) a 11) b 12) b 13) c 14) c 15) c 16) a
17) c 18) b 19) b 20) d 21) b 22) b 23) a 24) a
25) a 26) c 27) 198 28) 0.5 29) 4.25 30) – 2 31) 4.67 32) 0.45
33) 1.25 34) 0.71 35) 22.14 36) 1

LEVEL - III

1. If a, b, c are rational such that a + b 2 + c 3 = 0 , then [ ]

a) b = 0, c = 0 b) a = 0 c) a = b = c = 0 d) a = b = c = 1

2. If a, b, c are rational and a + b 2 + c 4 2 = 0 , then [ ]

a) a ≠ 0, b ≠ 0, c ≠ 0 b) a = 0, b ≠ 0, c ≠ 0
c) a ≠ 0, b = 0, c = 0 d) a = 0, b = 0, c = 0

3. The geometric mean of two surds is 1 and one of those surds is 2 + 3 . Then the other surds is
a) 1 − 3 b) 1 + 3 c) 2 − 3 d) 3 + 2 [ ]

4. The geometric mean of 1 + 2 and 7 + 5 2 is [ ]

a) 1+ 2 2 b) 3 –3 2 c) 3 + 2 2 d) 1 − 2 2

5. The square root of 49 + 20 6 is [ ]

a) 3 + 3 5 b) 5 + 3 6 c) 5 + 2 6 d) 2 + 5 6

6. If x > 0 then x x x...n roots = [ ]

n
n
−1) / 2n −1
a) x b) x2 c) x (2 d) x 2

7. x x + x 2 + x 3 + .... = [ ]

a) x 3 + x 4 + x 5 + .... b) x 3 + x 6 + x11 + ....

c) x 3 + x 6 + x 9 + .... d) x 3 + x 6 + x12 + ....

8. If ( 1 – 2 − 3) −1 = a + b 2 + c 6 then a + b+ c = [ ]
a) 2 b) 1 c) 2 d) 0

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Surds C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I
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9. If x = 2 – 3 then x4– 4x3 + 2x2 – 4x – 5 = [ ]

a) 0 b) 4 c) – 4 d) –6

3 1+ x 1− x
10. If x = then + = [ ]
2 1+ 1+ x 1− 1− x
a) 0 b) 1 c) –1 d) 2

x
11. If x = 3 – 5 then = [ ]
2 + 3x − 2
a) 0 b) 1 c) 5 d) 1/ 5

49
12. The G.M. between (1 + 2 ) and is [ ]
5 2 −1
a) 3 − 2 b) 3 + 2 c) 2 + 2 d) 2 − 2

13. If 1 ≤ a ≤ 2 , then a + 2 a −1 − a − 2 a −1 = [ ]
1
a) 2 a − 1 b) a −1 c) a +1 d) a −1
2

14. If 1 ≤ a ≤ 2 , then − a − 2 a − 1 − a + 2 a − 1 = [ ]
a) 2 b) 2 a − 1 c) –2 d) none

15. If 27 + 15 = 4 3 ( )
a + b , then [ ]
a) a = 2, b = 5 b) a = 1/2, b = 5/2 c) a = 1, b = 5/2 d) a = 1, b = 5

7+4 3
16. 4 = [ ]
4
( 3 +1 )
a) 3 +1 b) 3 −1 c)
2
d)
1
2
( )
3 +1

7
17. = [ ]
16 + 6 7 − 16 − 6 7
a) 1 b) 2 c) 1/2 d) none

18. x2 − x4 − 4 = [ ]
1 ⎡ 2 1 ⎡ 2
a) x + 2 − x 2 − 2 ⎤⎥ b) x − 2 + x 2 + 2 ⎤⎥
2 ⎢
⎣ ⎦ 2 ⎢
⎣ ⎦
1 ⎡ 2
c) x − 2 − x 2 + 2 ⎤⎥ d) x 2 − 2
2⎣ ⎢ ⎦
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20 Varsity Education Management Pvt. Ltd.
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C3 - IPL Mathematics Part - I Surds
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19. If x = 3 4 + 15 + 3 4 − 15 , then x3 − 3x is [ ]
a) 0 b) 2 c) 4 d) 8

p p
2 pq +x+ −x
20. If ax = , q ≤ 1 , then a a is [ ]
1 + q2 p p
+x− −x
a a
a) 0 b) 1 c) q d) 1/q

1 2m 1 − mz 1 + nz
21. If m > n and z = − 1 , then is [ ]
m n 1 + mz 1 − nz
a) 0 b) 1 c) – 1 d) 2

⎡ 1 3⎤ 3
22. ⎢ 6 13 − 4 3 + 3 − ⎥. 1+ 2 3 = [ ]
⎢⎣ 8 4 ⎥⎦

14 13 13 33
a) 11 b) 11 c) 11 d) 11
2 4 2 2

23. If x = 2 + 21 / 3 + 22 / 3 then x3 – 6x2 + 6x – 2 = [ ]

a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3

KEY
1) c 2) d 3) c 4) c 5) c 6) c 7) b 8) d

9) d 10) b 11) d 12) b 13) a 14) c 15) b 16) c

17) c 18) a 19) d 20) d 21) c 22) c 23) a

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