BOÄ GIAÙO DUÏC VAØ ÑAØO TAÏO

TRÖÔØNG ÑAÏI HOÏC SÖ PHAÏM KYÕ THUAÄT THAØNH PHOÁ HOÀ CHÍ MINH

60 NAÊM XAÂY DÖÏNG VAØ PHAÙT TRIEÅN

ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
PHAN NGUYỄN QUÍ TÂM

TỪ ĐIỂN
CHUYÊN NGÀNH Ô TÔ
Anh-Việt – Việt-Anh – Từ viết tắt

NHAØ XUAÁT BAÛN

ÑAÏI HOÏC QUOÁC GIA TP. HOÀ CHÍ MINH
 BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM KỸ THUẬT
THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH
*******************

PGS.TS ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG

ThS. PHAN NGUYỄN QUÍ TÂM

TỪ ĐIỂN
CHUYÊN NGÀNH Ô TÔ
Anh Việt – Việt Anh – Từ Viết Tắt

NHÀ XUẤT BẢN ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA

THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH – NĂM 2021
 LỜI NÓI ĐẦU

Hiện nay chúng ta đang trong quá trình thực hiện công
nghiệp hóa – hiện đại hóa đất nước. Cơ khí ô tô là một trong
những ngành phát triển mạnh mẽ trong thời gian qua. Để phát
triển ngành cơ khí ô tô, ngoài tiềm lực kinh tế mạnh, đòi hỏi phải
có một nguồn nhân lực dồi dào với năng lực chuyên môn cao và
trình độ ngoại ngữ giỏi. Cuốn “Từ điển chuyên ngành ô tô” ra
đời nhằm giúp những người hoạt động trong ngành cơ khí ô tô tra
cứu các thuật ngữ của ngành.

Từ điển bao gồm hơn 9.000 thuật ngữ thông dụng (kể cả
tiếng lóng) ở tất cả các lĩnh vực liên quan đến công nghệ ô tô từ
cấu tạo các chi tiết kỹ thuật lắp ráp, sửa chữa vận hành,… Các
từ đều được giải thích bằng tiếng Anh và dịch nghĩa sang tiếng
Việt. Nhờ vậy, từ điển cũng có thể được dùng thảm khảo cho môn
Anh văn chuyên ngành Công nghệ ô tô hệ Đại học và Cao đẳng.

Mặc dù, đã cố gắng tham khảo ý kiến của các chuyên gia
trong ngành cơ khí ô tô nhưng do thuật ngữ kỹ thuật ở nước ta
hiện nay chưa thống nhất, đặc biệt là cách dùng từ khác nhau
giữa hai miền nên từ điển chắc chắn không tránh khỏi những sai
sót nhất định. Rất mong nhận được nhiều ý kiến của độc giả để
quyển từ điển sẽ hoàn chỉnh hơn trong lần tái bản sau.

PGS. TS Đỗ Văn Dũng

Email: dodzung@hcmute.edu.vn
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/dodzung

3
 MỤC LỤC

Phần I: TỪ ĐIỂN ANH - VIỆT........................................................7

Phần II: TỪ ĐIỂN VIỆT - ANH...................................................453

Phần III: TỪ VIẾT TẮT........................................................... 1107

5
 Phần I:
TỪ ĐIỂN ANH - VIỆT

Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô 7

A abut
Aa
A = ampere: Đơn vị đo cường độ
dòng điện
AA = Automotive Association: Hiệp
hội Ô tô
AAA = American Automobile
Association: Hiệp hội Ô tô Hoa Kỳ
A-arm n. US = wishbone: Cánh tay
đòn hình chữ A
abrasion n. removal of surface
material from any solid, through
friction action: Sự mài bề mặt vật
cứng nhờ ma sát
l abrasive n. substance used for
the removal of matter: Vật liệu
mài mòn
l abrasive cleaner = cleaner which
removes a certain amount of the
surface: Máy mài
l abrasive disc = rotating disc of
sanding or grinding tool: Đĩa đá mài
l abrasive paper = paper with a
rough surface for the removal of
matter: Giấy nhám
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
ABS = anti-lock braking system: Hệ
thống phanh chống hãm cứng
l ABS override button = button
which cuts out the anti-lock
braking system, for drivers who
want to take threshold braking
into their own hands: Nút ngắt hệ
thống ABS
l ABS relay valve = electrically
operated valve controlling the air
pressure in an ABS system: Van
rơle ABS được điều khiển bằng
điện.
abut v. to make contact, especially
of gear teeth: Tiếp xúc
l abutment n. (a) a part with
another part comes up against
so that its motion is stopped;
a more formal word for ‘stop’:
Điểm dừng
(b) making of contact, especially by
gear teeth: Vết tiếp xúc
9
A/C
l abutting edge n. edge of a panel
where it joins another: Góc nối
l AC = alternating current: Dòng
điện xoay chiều
A/C = air-conditioning: Điều hòa
không khí
ACC = accelerate (mostly used on
cruise control): Tăng tốc (nút
bấm tăng tốc trong hệ thống ga
tự động)
l accelerate v. to go faster or
make faster: Tăng tốc
l accelerated test procedure = test
which has been made quicker, by
leaving out or shortening certain
items: Qui trình kiểm tra nhanh,
bớt một số công đoạn
l accelerating agent = accelerator:
Chân ga, bàn đạp ga
l acceleration n. increase of speed:
Sự tăng tốc
l sluggish acceleration = increase
speed slowly: Sự tăng tốc chậm
chạp (lì máy)
l acceleration enrichment = assembly for acceptable quality:
providing a richer fuel/air mixture
is needed to provide extra power
and smooth response: Sự làm
giàu hỗn hợp hoà khí để tăng tốc
l accelerator n. (a) chemical agent
which makes a reaction happen
10
access hole
more quickly, for instance in
plastics production an additive
which promotes the hardening
process of resins: Tác nhân làm
tăng nhanh phản ứng hóa học
(b) pedal which controls the opening
of the throttle: Bàn đạp ga
l depress the accelerator or step on
the accelerator = cause the throttle
to open to make the vehicle go
faster: Nhấn ga, đạp ga
l ease up on the accelerator =
reduce the throttle opening to go
less fast: Giảm ga
l take one’s foot off the accelerator
= close the throttle in order to
slow down: Buông chân ga
(NOTE: also called accelerator pedal
or throttle pedal)
l accelerator pump = carburetor
device that improves acceleration
by injecting an additional amount
of fuel when the accelerator pedal
is depressed: Bơm tăng tốc
l acceptance test n. test of a part or
Kiểm tra chất lượng chi tiết
l access n. means of reaching
something: Sự tiến đến, cách đạt
được, tiếp cận
l access hole = hole through which
something can be reached, also
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
accessories
a hole through which sealant is
injected into cavities: Lỗ thông
accessories n. additional items of
equipment which can be fitted
to a vehicle or used with a basic
tool: Phụ kiện, phụ tùng
accident damage n. damage to the
body-work of a vehicle resulting
from an accident: Sự hư hỏng
thân xe do tai nạn.
accumulator n. (a) storage battery,
especially for an electrically
driven vehicle: Bình ắc quy
(b) pressure reservoir for a
suspension system with
automatic leveling: Bộ tích áp
suất cho hệ thống treo tự động
(c) part of a hydraulic system which
is charged by the fluid pump,
absorbs fluctuating fluid delivery,
stores fluid at pressure, and can
provide a rapid flow of fluid sure
pressure: Bộ tích áp suất thuỷ lực
accumulator battery n. = storage
battery: Bình ắc quy
l accumulator-drier n. device on
the low side of an air-conditioning
system, usually at the evaporator
outlet on the bulk-head which
store excess refrigerant; it
consists of a tank, a filter, a drying
agent and a vapour return tube:
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
Ackermann steering
Phin lọc, sấy khô gas của hệ
thống điều hòa
l accumulator system n. system in an
automatic transmission comprising
a hydraulic accumulator controlled
by a valve, and a running time
throttle: Hệ thống tích áp (trên
hộp số tự động)
l accumulator valve n. valve
controlling hydraulic accumulator:
Van tích áp
AC generator n. = Alternator: Máy
phát điện xoay chiều
acid rain n. rain containing pollutants
from industrial waste and vehicle
exhaust gases dissolved in the
atmosphere: Mưa axit
Ackermann steering n. from of
double-pivot steering in which
the front wheels turn on kingpins
and are connected by inclined
steering arms and a track rod, so
arranged angle than the outer:
Hệ thống lái kiểu Ackermann
l Ackermann angle = toe-out or
toe-in with the wheels in the
straight-ahead position: Góc đặt
bánh xe kiểu Ackermann
l Ackermann axle = fixed- position,
steerable front axle within two
pivot points, one on each end
of the axle, with vertical kingpin:
Trục Ackermann
11
across corners
across corners = A/C: Ngã tư
across flats = A/F: Mặt cắt ngang
acrylate n. polymer, such as
ethyl acrylate, used in rubber
toughening: Chất keo dán cao su
acrylic (paint) n. paint with pigments
mixed in a solution based on
acrylic resin: Sơn acrylic
l acrylic finish = finish using acrylic
paints, often a two-pack finish:
Sơn bóng bằng sơn acrylic
l acrylic resin = any thermoplastic
synthetic polymer made by
the polymerization of acrylic
derivatives such as acrylic acid,
ethyl acrylate and methacrylate,
used for adhesives, protective
coatings, and finishes: Nhựa
acrylic (dùng cho sơn lót và sơn
bóng)
ACT = air charge temperature: Nhiệt
độ khí nạp
activated carbon n. highly porous
carbon, usually in pellet
form, granular, or powdered,
characterized by fine pores
resulting in a very large surface
area per unit volume, hence able
to absorb gases, fluids, etc.: Than
hoạt tính
l activated carbon canister = filter
which absorbs fuel vapours from
12
activated charcoal
the tank and fuel system when
the engine is not running, and
when the engine running is
regenerated by purging the
charcoal bed with hot air, using
engine vacuum to draw the
released vapours into the intake
air stream: Bình hút hơi xăng
bằng than hoạt tính
activated charcoal n. = activated
carbon: Than hoạt tính
l activated charcoal trap =
activated carbon canister: Bầu
lọc than hoạt tính
l activator n. material or mixture
added to an accelerated curing
system to enhance the effect
of the vulcanization accelerator
in tyre production: Phụ gia đẩy
nhanh quá trình lưu hoá (sản
xuất vỏ xe)
l activated braking time n. time
required to come to a standstill
after the brakes have been
applied, i.e not including the
driver’s reaction time: Thời gian
kích hoạt phanh
l active noise control (system) n.
= anti-noise system: Hệ thống
chống tiếng ồn
l active safety n. active measures
taken to prevent accidents, such
as more powerful brakes and
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
actuate
safer handling characteristics: An
toàn chủ động
l active suspension n. suspension
system which uses micropro-
cessors to control electronical-
ly adjustable shock absorbers
which adapt automatically to the
road surface and load: Hệ thống
treo chủ động
actuate v. to bring a part into
operation: Khởi động, làm cho
hoạt động, vận hành
l an actuating lever or switch = a
lever or switch brings a part into
operation: Công tắc khởi động,
cần khởi động
l actuator n. controlling or
operating device, e.g. a vacuum
mechanism for opening flaps in
air conditioning systems: Cơ cấu
chấp hành
l actuator arm = arm connecting
the diaphragm to the contact
breaker platform in a vacuum
advance mechanism: Cần dẫn
động (đánh lửa sớm áp thấp)
adapter or adaptor n. device for
connecting two parts of different
sizes, especially an accessory
for joining a socket and a drive
handle with different sizes drives:
Ống nối
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
adhere
l adapter plate = A plate which
allows the mounting of a different
part from the original: Đĩa tiếp
hợp, đĩa nối
additive n. substance added to fuel
or
engine oil to enhance its performance
and to improve its properties,
such as upper cylinder lubricant:
Chất phụ gia
adhere v. to remain attached or stick
(to something): Bám chặt, dính
l adhesion n. ability to remain
attached (to something),
especially the ability of a tyre to
grip the road surface: Sự bám, độ
bám
l adhesive n. substance used to
join together two or more solids
so that they form a single piece,
such as resins, formaldehyde,
glue, cement, etc.: Chất kết dính,
keo
l adhesive bonding = joining
together of two or more solids by
the use of glue, cement, or other
adhesives: Sự bám dính
l adhesive tape = sticky tape usually
with one shiny side and one side
coated with adhesive: Băng keo
l adhesive weight = a small lead
weight used to balance a wheel:
13
adiabatic
Trọng lượng chì bấm vành bánh
xe để cân bằng động
adiabatic a. neither losing nor gaining
heat, therefore thermally efficient:
Đoạn nhiệt, không trao đổi nhiệt
với môi trường bên ngoài.
l adiabatic engine = engine which
makes the best use of combustion
heat by reducing heat loss due to
coolant: Động cơ đoạn nhiệt
adjust v. to put something into the
correct position: Điều chỉnh, hiệu
chỉnh
l adjust the ignition timing = cause
the spark to occur at the correct
moment: Điều chỉnh thời điểm
đánh lửa
l adjustable a. that can be changed
or made different: Có thể điều
chỉnh
l adjustable shock absorber =
shock absorber which can be
made harder or softer: Bộ giảm
chấn có thể điều chỉnh được
l adjustable spanner = An open–end
spanner with a single smooth jaw
that can be adjusted to fit nuts and
bolts of different sizes: Mỏ lếch
l adjuster n. device for moving
something into a different or the
correct position: Thiết bị điều
chỉnh vị trí
14
achieved
l seat adjuster = mechanism for
moving a seat backwards and
forwards: Cơ cấu điều chỉnh ghế
ngồi
l adjuster cam = cam in a drum
brake which acts on the shoes to
take up the adjustment, i.e. bring
the shoes closer to the drum:
Cam chỉnh phanh trống
l adjusting gauge n. tool such as
a feeler gauge used to check
distances and clearances between
parts for adjustment purposes:
Thiết bị đo khe hở, lá cỡ
l adjusting screw = screw for
altering e.g. the idling speed of the
engine or for brake adjustment:
Vít điều chỉnh cầm chừng
l adjusting shim = shim for reducing
clearances especially in adjusting
valve tappets: Shim, miếng chêm
để điều chỉnh khe hở (supap)
l adjusting sleeve = sleeve on the
end of the tie rod which shortens
or lengthens it to increase or
reduce toe-out: Thanh điều chỉnh
góc chụm bánh xe
l adjustment n. (a) altering
or correcting the position of
something or the position or valve
achieved: Sự điều chỉnh
(b) possibility of altering or correcting
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
a-drier
the position of something;
clearance or play: Khả năng thay
đổi hoặc hiệu chỉnh vị trí của
một vật
l there is no adjustment left = the
adjusting screw or nut is at the
end of its travel: Chỉnh hết cỡ
l to take up the adjustment =
to obtain the correct position,
usually by reducing a clearance:
Hiệu chỉnh đúng (khe hở)
a-drier n. paint drier with heating
elements below the stoving line:
Phòng sấy sơn
adsorption n. bonding of a solid with
a gas or vapour which touches its
surface: Sự hút bám
(NOTE: opposite is desorption)
l adsorption canister n. = activated
carbon canister: Bầu hút hơi xăng
advance 1 v. to cause something to
occur earlier: Trước, sớm
l to advance the spark or ignition
or timing = to cause the spark and
therefore combustion to occur
earlier: Đánh lửa sớm
2 n. extent to which the ignition spark
is made to occur earlier: Góc
đánh lửa sớm
l the ignition needs more advance
= the spark is occurring too late:
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
aerodynamic
Cần đánh lửa sớm hơn
(NOTE: opposite is retard)
l advance capsule n. = vacuum
advance (unit): Bộ đánh lửa sớm
chân không
l advance curve n. curve showing
how the amount of ignition
advance increase with the speed
of the engine and/or the vacuum
in the inlet manifold: Đường đặc
tính góc đánh lửa sớm theo tốc
độ và tải
l the ignition is over-advanced =
the spark is occurring too early:
Đánh lửa quá sớm
(NOTE: opposite is retard)
l advance weight n. either of
the two weights in a centrifugal
advance mechanism: Quả văng
của cơ cấu đánh lửa sớm ly tâm
aeration n. foaming due to the
introduction of air into hydraulic
fluid or the oil as the shock
absorber works: Sự tạo bọt
aerial n. long metal tube for receiving
radio signals: Ăng-ten
(NOTE: US English is antenna)
aerodynamic a. 1 relating to the flow
of air round a moving body: Khí
động lực học (thân xe)
body aerodynamic a. 1 relating to
15
aerofoil
the flow of air round a moving
body: Khí động lực học thân xe
2 (of a car, bodywork, etc.) streamlined,
offering low wind resistance: Hình
dáng khí động lực
l aerodynamics n. (a) branch of
dynamics dealing with the motion
of air and with the forces acting
on bodies moving through the air:
Khí động lực học
(b) aerodynamic properties: Đặc
điểm khí động lực học
l The poor aerodynamic of early
cars resulted in wastage of power
= early cars had too much wind
resistance which wasted power:
Những chiếc xe hơi có hình dáng
khí động học kém làm lãng phí
công suất
(NOTE: sense (a) is singular, sense
(b) is plural)
aerofoil n. wing-like structure,
used on racing cars to achieve
negative lift or down-force: Cánh
giảm lực nâng xe đua
A/F = air/fuel: Tỉ số giữa không khí
và nhiên liệu, tỉ lệ hòa khí
l Three-way catalytic converters
demand close A/F control = the
air/fuel mixture has to be carefully
controlled when using three-way
catalytic converters: Bộ xúc tác
16
afterburning
TWC phải hoạt động trong chế độ
điều khiển kín hỗn hợp hòa khí
A/F (dimension) n. width across the
flats (of a hexagon, square drive,
etc.): Mặt cắt ngang
A-frame n. A-shape chassis frame,
typically of a trailer or caravan:
Khung xe hình chữ A
afterburning n. completion of the
combustion of incompletely burnt
mixture in the exhaust system:
Sự cháy tiếp ở pô xe
l CO and HC levels can be reduced
by afterburning = emissions
of carbon monoxide and
hydrocarbons can be reduced
by burning incompletely burnt
mixture: Mức CO và HC có thể
giảm nhờ cháy tiếp
l aftercooler n. heat exchanger
in a diesel engine which cools the
intake of air before it enters the
cylinders: Bộ giải nhiệt khí nạp
l after-start enrichment n.
enrichment of the air/fuel
mixture on starting the engine,
especially in electronic fuel
injection systems, regulated
by the electronic control unit;
it is reduced either at a fixed
rate or as engine temperature
increases: Sự làm đậm hỗn hợp
sau khi khởi động
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
aggressive agent
l aged catalyst n. catalyst which
has been used: Xúc tác đã qua
sử dụng
(NOTE: opposite is fresh catalyst)
l age-hardening n. hardening of
aluminium or metal alloys as a result
of ageing: Sự cứng do lão hóa
l ageing n. change of characteristics
in some metal after heat treatment
or cold working: Sự thay đổi tính
chất sau khi xử lí nhiệt
aggressive agent or medium n.
corrosive material which attacks
metals: Tác nhân từ môi trường
ăn mòn kim loại
agitation cup n. type of paint pot for
spray guns fitted with an integral
agitator: Cốc trộn sơn
l agitator n. device for mixing
paint by shaking: Bình trộn sơn
bằng cách lắc
A.h. = Ampere-hour: Ampe giờ
AH rim n. rim design able to run
with a flat tyre and with increased
safety in case of sudden air loss:
Niềng xe kiểu AH (có thể chạy khi
xì vỏ)
aimer n. tool for aiming headlights:
Dụng cụ cân chỉnh đèn đầu
aiming n. adjusting the direction of
headlight beams: Sự cân đèn đầu
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
air bellows
air n. mixture of gases forming the
atmosphere: Không khí
l put some air in the tyres = inflate
the tyres: Bơm bánh xe.
l Here is too much air in the mixture
= the mixture is too weak: Hỗn
hợp quá yếu.
air bag n. bag in the fascia region
which inflates on impact and
thus saves the occupants of the
vehicle from injury caused by
being thrown against the interior
structure in a collision: Túi khí,
gối hơi
l air bag module or unit = the air
bag plus inflator and cover: Cụm
túi khí
l air bag restraint system = system
using an air bag to restrain
occupants in a collision: Hệ thống
bảo vệ khi va chạm bằng túi khí
(NOTE: this is also called a passive
restraint system)
air bellows n. rubber vessel or
sleeve filled with compressed gas
or to act as a compression spring
in air suspensions: Ống giảm
chấn khí
l air brake n. brake mechanism in
which compressed air acting on
a piston or diaphragm is used to
apply the brakes; mainly found in
17
air-cooled
commercial vehicles: Phanh hơi
l air charge temperature (ACT) n.
temperature of the air sucked into
the carburettor or fuel injection
system: Nhiệt độ không khí nạp
l air cleaner n. = air filter: Lọc gió
l air compressor n. device for
supplying compressed air, e.g.
for paint spraying or in an air
brake system: Máy nén khí
l air-conditioning n. system of
filtering air and keeping it at
a desirable temperature and
humidity level: điều hoà không
khí
air-cooled a. cooled by a current
of air as opposed to water, etc.:
Làm mát bằng khí
(NOTE: opposite is liquid-cooled)
l air correction jet n. jet admitting
air into the emulsion tube of a
carburettor: Giclơ không khí,
giclơ gió
l air cushion n. = air bag: Túi khí
l air dam n. spoiler under the
front bumper to reduce wind
resistance: Tấm giảm lực cản gió
phía trước
l air deflector n. US = AIR SHIELD:
Tấm chắn gió
l air duct n. any passage conducting
18
air/fuel
air, particularly for heating and
ventilation: Ống dẫn không khí
trên hệ thống điều hòa
l air filter n. device for filtering dust
and dirt out of the air drawn into
the carburettor or fuel injection
system through the air intake:
Lọc gió
l air filter element = element of
absorbent paper or felt inserted
into the air filter, which catches
dirt and dust in the air drawn into
the engine: Màng lọc gió
l airflow n. flow of air past a moving
object, especially a vehicle, or
through a duct: Lưu lượng dòng
chảy không khí
l airflow sensor = sensor in an
electronically controlled fuel
injection system which has a flat
that is deflected by the intake air
and thus governs the amount of
fuel delivered; it also incorporates
a temperature sensor: Cảm biến
lưu lượng không khí
air/fuel (A/F) a. relating to the
combination of air and fuel in the
charge for combustion: Tỉ số gió
và nhiên liệu, tỉ lệ hòa khí
l a lean or rich air/ fuel mixture =
a mixture containing little or a lot
of fuel in relation to air: Hỗn hợp
hòa khí giàu hoặc nghèo
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
air gulp system
l variations in the air/ fuel ratio =
variations in the amount of fuel in
relation to air, more air resulting
in a lean or weak mixture, less air
in a rich mixture: Sự thay đổi của
tỉ lệ hòa khí
air gulp system n. system in vehicles
with secondary air injection or
induction, which prevents an
over-rich mixture being supplied
to the inlet manifold during
deceleration, resulting in unburnt
fuel being carried over to the hot
exhaust system where it cause
uncontrolled detonations: Hệ
thống thêm gió khi giảm tốc
air hold fitting n. special tool for
work on OHV-engine used to
keep valves closed by means of
air pressure: Dụng cụ ép sú-páp
bằng khí nén
air horn n. motor horn in which a
blast of compressed air through a
reed: Còi hơi.
l air induction or injection system n.
secondary air system without air
pump, using aspirator valves and
the pulse air principle to introduce
fresh air into the exhaust system
to promote afterburning of
unburnt hydrocarbons and
carbon monoxide: Hệ thống luân
hồi không khí vào ống thải
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
air line
l air injection manifold = duct inside
or a tube outside the cylinder
head feeling secondary air into
the exhaust ports: Đường ống
dẫn không khí vào ống thải.
l air intake n. opening through
which air enters, especially for
the carburetor or fuel injection
system, for the radiator or the
heating and ventilating system:
Đường dẫn không khí
l airless spraying n. spraying
process in which the coating
material is not atomized by a
stream of air, but is subjected to
high pressure, which causes it
to pass through a jet or nozzle
allowing it to be atomized and
projected: Phun sơn bằng áp lực
l air-less spray gun = spray gun
used for air–less spraying: Súng
sơn nén
air line n. (a) pipe hose or duct which
conveys air or vacuum: Ống dẫn
khí hoặc chân không.
(b) compressed air supply for inflating
tyres, driving compressed air
tools, etc.: Bơm bánh xe
l air micrometer n. precision
control for adjusting the air
quantity delivered by a spray gun:
Bộ chỉnh gió trong súng phun
19
 air ratio
l air outlet n. opening from which
air exits, especially for ventilation
and demisting: Cửa thông gió
l air pressure n. pressure exerted
by air, e.g. on the diaphragm of a
brake servo: Áp lực không khí
air ratio n. air/air ratio, i.e. the ratio of
the actual intake air volume to the
air volume theoretically needed
for complete combustion of the
fuel content of air/ fuel mixture:
Hệ số dư lượng không khí
air receiver n. = AIR TANK: Bầu
chứa không khí, bình khí nén
l air select valve n. valve in a
two-stage catalytic converter
with secondary air injection,
which is solenoid-operated and
is triggered by the electronic
control module to direct air to
the exhaust valve ports or the
catalytic converter, depending
on operating conditions: Van
điều khiển bơm không khí vào
ống thải
l air sensor n. sensor which
monitors the air quantity inside
the car, checks it for the presence
of pollutants, and operates flaps
to cut off the external air to the
air conditioning system if the
pollutant concentration is too
high: Cảm biến không khí trong xe
20
air volume
l air shield n. sloping panel on
the roof of a vehicle, especially
a commercial vehicle or trailer,
intended to improve air-flow:
Cánh dẫn hướng gió trên mui
(NOTE: US English is air defector)
l air shock absorber n. shock
absorber incorporating a rubber
boot filled with compressed air
serving as an auxiliary pneumatic
spring; mainly used for lever
control purposes on the rear axle
of a vehicle, e.g. when towing
heavy trailers: Bộ giảm chấn khí
l air silencer n. device usually
incorporated in the air filter to cut
out induction hiss: Bộ phận giảm
thanh trong lọc gió
l air spring n. = AIR BELLOWS:
Giảm chấn bằng khí
l air suspension n. vehicle
suspension in which air or gas
in compression is the principal
or only spring medium: Hệ thống
treo khí
(NOTE: also called pneumatic
suspension)
l air tank n. container for
compressed air, especially for a
compressor: Bầu chứa khí nén
l air volume n. quantity of air: Thể
tích không khí
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
Al
Al = Aluminium: Nhôm
alarm (system) n. theft protection
system, which typically provides
the following function: exterior
and interior protection; locking
the boot and bonnet; making the
ignition system inoperative: Hệ
thống chống trộm
alarmed a. protected by an alarm:
Được (gắn) chống trộm
align v. to bring into line or be in line
(with something): Canh thẳng
hàng
l aligning punch n. tool used to
align holes, e.g. for inserting a
screw or bolt or to centre round
components with other parts:
Chốt định vị
l alignment n. state of being in line
or act of bringing into line: Sự
canh thẳng hàng
l alignment mark = mark, e.g. on
a timing gear or camshaft pulley,
which must be brought into line
with another mark too give the
correct position: Dấu chỉ thị, dấu
cân chỉnh
alkaline battery n. secondary battery
using an alkaline electrolyte
(dilute potassium hydroxide) and
used for driving electric cars: Ắc-
quy kiềm
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
all-out braking
l alkaline degreasing n. removal
of any greasy substances with an
alkaline solution: Dung dịch kiềm
để tẩy.
all-alloy engine n. engine in which the
cylinder head, block, crankcase
and sump are all of light alloy:
Động cơ hợp kim
l all-aluminium body n. body
shell made almost entirely of
aluminium: Khung nhôm
allen key n. key (in effect a spanner)
for recessed hexagon screws
and bolts, consisting of a bar with
a right angle bend and six flats in
the end: Chìa khóa lục giác
l allen screw = type of recessed
hexagon screw: Vít lục giác chìm
alligator clip n. US = crocodile clip:
Kẹp cá sấu
all-out braking n. using the maximum
braking effort available: Sử dụng
hết khả năng phanh
l the car loses directional stability
under all-out braking = the car
tends to swerve when the brakes
are applied as hard as possible:
Xe bị mất hướng chuyển động
khi đạp phanh hết cỡ
l alloy n. (a) any metallic substance
of various elements: Hợp kim
21
alloy wheel
(b) any light metal, typically
aluminium: Kim loại màu sáng
l alloy piston = piston made
primarily of aluminium: Piston
hợp kim nhôm
alloy wheel or (informal) alloys n.
wheels made of light alloy, mainly
aluminium but also magnesium,
for sports and other high-speed
cars: Bánh xe hợp kim
all-steel body n. body shell made
almost entirely of steel, as
opposed to a body with a
wooden frame and panels made
of steel or
aluminium: Khung thép
l all-terrain a. for use on any kind
of surface: Cho mọi địa hình
l all-terrain tyre = tyre mainly for
off-road vehicles: Vỏ xe chạy mọi
địa hình
l all-terrain vehicle = off-road
vehicle: Xe địa hình
l all-wheather tyre n. tyre suitable
for use in rain and on snowy or
icy roads as well as in warm and
dry conditions: Vỏ xe chạy mọi
thời tiết
l all-wheel drive n. & a. = four-
wheel drive: Bốn bánh chủ động,
xe hai cầu
22
aluminium
l all-wheel steering = four-wheel
steering: Hệ thống lái bốn bánh
alternating current (AC) n. a
continuous electric current that
periodically reverses direction:
Dòng điện xoay chiều
(NOTE: opposite is direct current)
alternator (ALT) n. generator which
produces three-phase alternating
current inside its stator windings:
Máy phát điện xoay chiều
l alternator charging light = warning
light on the instrument panel
which comes on when the
alternator is not charging: Đèn
báo sạc
altimeter n. instrument showing
height above sea level: Dụng cụ
đo độ cao tuyệt đối
alumina n. form of aluminium oxide
used as substrate for ceramic
catalysts: Một dạng của nhôm
oxit được sử dụng như chất xúc
tác cho vật liệu gốm.
l alumina beads = tiny beads of
alumina used in some catalytic
converters: Bột nhôm cho bộ
xúc tác
aluminium n. silvery lightweight
metallic element resistant to
corrosion (AL): Nhôm
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
ambient air
l aluminium alloy = metal
containing aluminium mixed with
another metal or metals: Hợp kim
nhôm
l aluminium wheel = alloy wheel:
Bánh xe hợp kim nhôm
l aluminized a. coated with
aluminium or aluminium paint:
Phủ nhôm
ambient air n. air outside and
surrounding the vehicle: Không
khí bên ngoài
l ambient temperature n. outside
temperature: Nhiệt độ môi trường
l ambient temperature switch =
switch which delays compressor
action in an air-conditioning
system when the outside
temperature is low: Cảm biến
nhiệt độ môi trường
l ambulance n. vehicle designed
for carrying sick or injured people:
Xe cấp cứu
l ammeter n. instrument for
measuring (in amperes) the
electrical current flow in a circuit:
Ampe kế
l amp = Ampere
l amperage (rating) n. strength
of an electric current in amperes,
used e.g. for making fuses: Cường
độ dòng điện (qua cầu chì)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
amplifier
l ampere n. the basic unit for
measuring electric current,
usually abbreviated to amp: Đơn
vị đo cường độ dòng điện, viết tắt
là amp.
l Ampere-hour (A.h.) n. unit of
the quantity of electricity flowing
in one hour through a conductor
carrying a current of 1 ampere:
Điện lượng của một dòng điện 1
ampere chạy qua vật dẫn trong
1 giờ
l a 36 A.h. battery = a battery with
a capacity of 36 ampere-hours:
Dung lượng của ắc quy là 36 A.h
l Ampere-hour capacity = quantity
of electricity which a battery can
deliver under given conditions
such as temperature, rate of
discharge, and final voltage,
depending on the number of
plates used: Dung lượng của một
ắc quy (tính bằng ampere-giờ).
amplifier n. device used to produce
a larger electrical signal, as to
amplify sound signals in radios,
etc.: Thiết bị khuếch đại
l ignition amplifier = device used
to increase the electrical signal in
an electronic ignition system: Bộ
khuếch đại tín hiệu đánh lửa (IC
đánh lửa)
23
amplitude modulation
amplitude modulation (AM) n. form
of radio transmission in which
the frequency of the carrier wave
is uncharged, but its amplitude
varies in accordance with the
input signal: Sóng AM trong radio
analogue cluster n. instrument
panel display using dials and
numbers: Bảng đồng hồ, tableau
kim
(NOTE: opposite is electronic
cluster)
anchorage n. fixing point for a
seat belt, seat or other stress-
bearing item which is not part of
the structure: Chỗ neo đậu, nơi
giữ cố định
anchor bolt n. = through bolt: Bu-
lông định vị, bu-lông chốt
ancillaries n. components placed
close to or fitted on the engine,
such as alternator, power steering
pump, supercharger, fuel pump
and water pump, and driven by
the engine: Các phụ tải gắn trên
động cơ (qua puli trục khuỷu)
aneroid-type thermostat n.
thermostat consist of a metallic
bellows partially filled with
acetone, alcohol or similar volatile
liquid: Van hằng nhiệt dùng ống
chứa chất dễ bay hơi
24
anneal
angle grinder n. power tool (either
electric or driven by compressed
air) with abrasive discs, especially
for removing old paintwork and
smoothing the surface prior to
spraying: Máy mài góc
l angle-nose pliers n. pliers with
jaws having a right-angle bend,
for gripping e.g. items in a recess,
etc.: Kìm mũi vuông
l angle of lock n. angle between the
line through the centre of a wheel
seen from above when taking a
corner and the same line when
going straight: Góc lái giới hạn
l angle parking n. parking at an
angle to the pavement or parking
line: Đậu xe xiên góc với lề
đường.
(NOTE: also called echelon parking)
l angle screwdriver n. screwdriver
usually having two blades at
either end, both at right angles to
the shank: Tuốc nơ vít chữ Z
l angular motion n. = rotation: Sự
xoay vòng, quay
anneal v. to treat (a metal, alloy, or
glass) with heat and then cool it
to remove internal stress and to
make the material less brittle: Tôi,
tôi thép
l annealing furnace n. oven
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
annular
or furnace with controllable
atmosphere in which metal, an
alloy, or glass is annealed: Lò tôi
annular a. in the form of a ring:
Hình vòng, hình khuyên
l annular gap = circular gap: Khe
hở vòng.
l annulus (gear) n. hollow gear-
wheel in the form of a ring with
either internal teeth, as in epicyclic
or planetary transmissions, or
external teeth: Vòng răng trong.
anode n. positive electrode in an
electrolytic cell: Cực dương.
l anodic coating or film or oxide
layer n. protective, decorative,
or functional coating, formed in
an anodizing process: Màng (lớp)
ôxít ở cực dương
l anodize v. to deposit a hard,
non-corroding oxide layer on
(aluminium or light alloy): Cực
anốt.
l anodizing n. process by which
a hard, non-corroding oxide layer
is deposit on aluminium or light
alloys: Ôxít hóa anốt.
l anodizing bath or tank = tank in
which the anodising process is
performed: Bồn ôxít hóa anốt
ANS = anti-noise system: Hệ thống
chống ồn
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
ANSI
ANSI (stand for) American National
Standard Institute: Viện Tiêu
chuẩn Quốc gia Hoa Kỳ
l anti-chipping primer or filler =
a resilient primer protecting
paintwork from chipping cause
by gravle or stones: Lớp sơn lót
chống trầy
l anti-corrosion a. combating and
protecting against corrosion,
especially rust: Chống ăn mòn
l anti-corrosion warranty = a
warranty, usually limited to
corrosion damage, valid for an
average of 6 years: Giấy bảo
hành không bị ăn mòn
l anti-corrosive a. inhibiting
corrosion: Chống ăn mòn.
l anti-dazzle mirror n. = dipping
mirror: Gương chống chói
l anti-dive (system) n. front
suspension arrangement that
converts the down-ward force
in the suspension links caused
by braking into a vertical force
that tends to lift the body, thus
reducing dive under braking: Hệ
thống chống chúi đầu xe
l anti-drum compound n. sticky
material, usually based on
bitumen or rubber, applied to the
inside of panels to reduce noise
25
antifreeze
due to vibration or ‘druming’: Vật
liệu chống rung
antifreeze n. chemical, such as
ethylene glycol, added to the
cooling water of an engine
to lower its freezing point: Chất
chống đông
antifriction bearing n. any bearing
supporting its load on rolling
surfaces, such as balls, rollers
or needles, to minimize friction:
Vòng bi, bạc đạn
anti-knock additive or agent n. petrol
additive preventing premature
ignition (i.e. knocking or pinking )
of the mixture in the combustion
chamber, e.g. tetraethyl lead or
tetramethyl lead: Chất chống
kích nổ
l anti-knock index n. measure
of the antiknock properties of
the petrol, particularly in North
American, where it is defined
as half the sum of the research
octane number and motor octane
number: Chỉ số chống kích nổ.
anti-rattle spring n. = spreader
spring: Lò xo chống rung
l anti-roll bar n. steel torsion bar
running across the car as part
of the front and, less frequently,
rear suspension layout and
used to reduce body roll during
26
anti-sway bar
cornering: Thanh ngang chống
lật khi quay vòng.
l anti-rust treatment n. treatment of
iron and steel, i.e. using sealant,
for the purpose of corrosion
protection: Xử lý chống rỉ sét
(NOTE: also called rust proofing)
l anti-skid braking system (AS-BS)
n. = anti-lock braking system: Hệ
thống phanh chống trượt
l anti-spin regulation (ASR) n.
control or prevention of wheel
spin under power, normally by
means of electronic sensing
and in conjunction with anti-lock
braking: Sự điều khiển chống
trượt
l anti-squat system n. rear
suspension arrangement that
converts the downward force
cause by acceleration into a
vertical force that tends to lift the
rear body, thus reducing ‘squat’
under acceleration: Hệ thống
nâng đuôi xe khi tăng tốc
l anti-squeal shim n. shim places
behind the brake piston (or behind
the brake pad in disc brakes) to
reduce squeal: Miếng đệm chống
ồn khi phanh
l anti-sway bar n. US = anti-roll
bar: Thanh chống lắc (đảo) xe
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
anvil
l anti-thief system n. either an
alarm system, or an additional
locking device (especially for the
steering wheel), or an electric
circuit immobilizing the car by
disconnecting the start and/or
ignition: Hệ thống chống trộm
l anti-vibration mounting n. flexible
(typically rubber) mounting for
an engine, gearbox or another
mechanical item that reduces the
amount of noise and vibration
passed from the item in question
to the chassis: Giá chống rung
anvil n. heavy iron block on which
something is placed for forging:
Cái đe
A-pillar or A-post n. upright member
in front of the front door, a major
structural part of the body frame:
Trụ đỡ khung cửa phía cửa
trước
application n. a state which
something is put : Sự đặt vào, sự
tra vào
l applicator n. tool for putting
something onto a surface, such
as spreader for filler: Dụng cụ
rắc, trét
l apply v. to put (something) on
(to something): Đặt lên
apron n. panel extending downwards,
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
arcing
typically forming a skirt along the
side of the car or an air dam at
the front: Tấm chắn
AQL (stand for) acceptable quality
level: Mức chất lượng có thể
chấp nhận.
aquaplaning n. loss of contact
between the tyre and a wet
road when it rides upon a layer
of surface water: Sự trượt trên
đường ướt
aqueous solution n. water-based
solution: Dung dịch chứa nước
arbor n. rotating shaft or spindle
in a machine tool on which, for
example, a grinding wheel or
piece for machining is fitted: Trục
chính, đầu lắp
arc v. to jump across a gap, especially
of an electric current forming a
discharge: Hồ quang điện
arcing n. (a) sparking and discharge at
the contact breaker points in the
distributor, a cause of premature
wear of the points: Sự phóng tia
lửa trên vít lửa
(b) faulty spraying technique where
the spray gun is not moved along
the panel surface at a uniform
distance, but is moved towards
the panel when starting and is
moved away again towards the
27
arc welding
end of the panel; this results in
uneven thickness of paint being
applied: Sơn không đều
arc welding n. welding process
widely used for do it yourself
repairs (as the required equipment
is fairly cheap) in which the
welding current is generated by
a transformer, and the circuit is
closed when the electrode held
in the welding rod holder touches
the metal surface; the electrode
burns off as the rod holder is
moved along: Hàn hồ quang điện
armature n. coil or coils of wire
around a metal core in which
electric current is induced in a
generator, or in which the input
current interacts with a magnetic
field to produce torque in a motor:
Phần ứng (máy điện)
l armature brake n. mechanical or
electrical component in a starter
used to stop armature movement
after the starter motor has been
switched off: Cơ cấu hãm trục
phần ứng khi ngắt điện
l armature shaft n. shaft on which
the armature is mounted in a starter
or generator: Trục phần ứng
armour-plated a. made bullet-proof,
e.g. with extra-thick body panels
and glass: Bọc thép chống đạn
28
aspirator valve
articulated a. made in two separate
sections, with a joint or coupling
between them; especially of
commercial vehicles consisting
of a tractor or towing unit and a
trailer, having a swivelling coupling
giving better manoeuvrability:
Được nối bằng khớp nối
l articulated bus = bus in two
sections, usually a single-decker,
with passenger accommodation
in both sections: Xe buýt hai
khoang
asbestos-free a. Không có amiăng
ASBS= anti-skid braking system: Hệ
thống phanh chống trượt
ASC see anti-spin regulation
ascending stroke n. = up-stroke:
Kỳ đi lên.
ASD = automatic slip-control
differential: Vi sai tự động kiểm
soát trượt.
aspect ratio n. ratio between the
height and the width (e.g. of a
tyre): Tỉ số giữa chiều cao và
chiều rộng lốp xe
aspiration n. sucking in of the air/
fuel mixture or breathing process
of an internal combustion engine:
Sự hút
aspirator valve n. check valve in air
induction systems: Van hút.
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
ASR
ASR = anti-spin regulation: Quy định
chống quay
assemble v. to put together or build
up (something) from a number of
parts: Lắp ráp
l assembled crankshaft = build up
crankshaft: Trục khuỷu được ráp
từ nhiều đoạn
l assembly n. the process or result
of putting together a number of
components: Sự lắp ráp, quy
trình lắp ráp.
l assembly line = production line
where a vehicle is progressively
built up from its individual
components: Dây chuyền lắp ráp
asymmetric (al) a. not having parts
that correspond, not uniform
(especially in distribution): Không
đối xứng
l asymmetric power distribution or
split = transmitting more power to
the front or rear wheels in a four
wheel drive: Sự phân phối công
suất không đối xứng
l asymmetric beam = a headlight
beam which has greater
intensity on one side than the
other: Chùm ánh sáng đèn đầu
không đối xứng
l asymmetric rim = wheel rim
where the well is located outside
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
atomize
the centreline of the wheel: Niềng
xe không đối xứng
(NOTE: opposite is symmetric rim)
ATC = automatic temperature
control: Điều khiển nhiệt độ tự
động
ATDC (stand for) after top dead
center: Sau điểm chết trên
ATE = automatic test equipment:
Thiết bị kiểm tra tự động
ATF = automatic transmission fluid:
Dầu hộp số tự động.
atmospheric corrosion n. gradual
destruction or alteration of metals
or alloys by contact with substance
present in the atmosphere, such
as oxygen, carbon dioxide, water
vapour, and sulphur and chlorine
compounds: Sự ăn mòn hóa học
trong không khí
l atmospheric pressure n. pressure
exerted by the atmosphere at
the earth’s surface: Áp suất khí
quyển
atomize n. to produce a fine spray,
e.g. of paint: Sự tán nhuyễn, làm tơi
l atomizer n. device for producing
a fine spray e.g. on a spray gun:
Cơ cấu làm mịn tia sơn phun
l atomizing pressure n. pressure
needed to atomize a liquid such
29
atramentizing
as a paint: Áp suất tán nhuyễn
sơn.
atramentizing n. corrosion protection
process in which steel is coated
with phosphate using a zinc
phosphate solution at 900C: Phủ
kẽm lên thép để chống ăn mòn
attachment n. a fitting or accessory
to be used in conjunction with a
tool such as a grinding disc for
use with an electric drill: Đồ gá
attack n. example of corrosion or
another damaging, especially
chemical, action: Sự tác động
attenuation n. reduction, especially
of noise or emissions: Sự cắt
giảm ô nhiễm hoặc tiếng ồn
ATV = all-terrain vehicle: Xe địa hình
authorized dealer n. firm selling and
servicing a particular make of
vehicle, appointed by the
manufacturer: Đại lý ủy quyền
auto 1 n. & a. = automatic n.: Tự
động
2 US = automobile: Ô tô, xe hơi
l auto bonnet = car cap: Ca-pô ô tô
l autochoke n. = AUTOMATIC
CHOKE: Cánh bướm gió tự động.
autoclave n. sealable high-pressure
container used for polymerisation
and in tyre production: Nồi hấp
30
automatic
trong công nghiệp nhựa và sản
xuất lốp xe
automatic n. colloquial short form
for automatic transmission, or a
car with automatic transmission:
Từ viết tắt để chỉ hộp số tự động
hoặc xe có hộp số tự động
l automatic air conditioning (system)
= air-conditioning system which
automatically maintains a preset
temperature: Hệ thống điều hòa
không khí tự động
l automatic air recirculation
(control) system = heating and
ventilation subsystem which
automatically switches to the
recirculation mode when the
pollutant levels of the air inside
the vehicle exceed certain levels
(e.g. in rush-hour nose-to-tail
traffic), but after a certain period
of recirculation (typically after 3
minutes), opens the intake air doors
again to let some fresh air in, even
if its quality is still questionable:
Hệ thống tuần hoàn không khí
tự động
l automatic choke = device in the
carburetor intake which positions
the choke valve automatically
in accordance with engine
temperature or time: Bướm gió
tự động
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
automatic closing system
l automatic closing system = (ASD) = electronically controlled,
system which automatically closes
doors, windows and sunroof: Hệ
thống đóng cửa tự động
l automatic frequency control =
automatic retuning of stations on
the FM waveband when subject
to drift: Dò đài FM tự động
l automatic gearbox = gearbox
in an automatic transmission
system which changes gear
automatically: Hộp số tự động
l automatic level control or
levelling system = suspension
system that automatically adjust
front and rear ride heights to
compensate for changes in axle
loads; this can either be achieved
by adding air absorbers to a
conventional suspension system,
or by incorporating the system
in a sophisticated pneumatic or
hydro-pneumatic suspension
system: Tự động điều khiển độ
cứng hệ thống treo
l automatic muting = car radio
circuit which automatically
cancels noise output during
tuning: Mạch trong radio tự động
loại bỏ nhiễu khi dò đài
l automatic seat belt = inertia reel
seat belt
l automatic slip-control differential
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
automatic volume control
automatic locking differential
developed by Mercedes-Benz:
Cơ cấu khóa vi sai tự động
l automatic speed control = cruise
control: Điều khiển ga tự động
l automatic temperature control
(ATC) = device for maintaining
a constant temperature in the
vehicle interior: Thiết bị điều
khiển nhiệt độ tự động
l automatic test equipment (ATE)
= usually electronic equipment
for testing ignition, wiring, fuel
injection systems, etc: Thiết bị
kiểm tra tự động
automatic transmission n.
transmission which changes the
gear ratio without assistance from
the driver and without interruption
of power flows, the changes
being governed by factors such
as engine load and vehicle road
speed (although the driver
usually has a manual override):
Hộp số tự động
l automatic transmission fluid
(ATF) = special oil used in
automatic transmissions: Dầu
hộp số tự động
automatic volume control (AVC)
n. car ratio circuit which
automatically adjusts the volume
31
automobile
to the noise level in the car: Sự
điều chỉnh âm lượng tự động
l automic wear adjuster n. device
that compensates automatically
for wear, e.g. in the brakes or
clutch: Cơ cấu điều chỉnh tự động
độ êm dịu (phanh, ly hợp)
l automatic wire stripper n. wire
striper that automatically adjusts to
the size of the wire to be stripped
and removes the insulation without
damaging the wires inside: Kìm
tuốt dây điện tự động
automobile n. dated or formal word
for motor car in British English,
but still widely used in American
English: Xe hơi, ô tô
l automobile association = major
motoring organization, specially
the automobile association (AA)
in great British and American
automobile association (AAA):
Hiệp hội ô tô
l automobile engineering = l automotive engineering = the
automotive engineering: Kỹ thuật
ô tô, công nghệ ô tô
l automobile industry = motor
industry: Công nghiệp ô tô
l automobile manufacture = motor
manufacture: Nhà sản xuất ô tô
l automobile mechanic = motor
mechanic: Thợ sửa chữa ô tô
32
AUX
l automobile polish = car polish:
Sự đánh bóng ô tô
automotive a. relating to or occurring
in motor vehicles: Thuộc về ô tô,
trong ô tô
l automotive adhesive = adhesive
used in the manufacture of motor
vehicles: Keo sử dụng trong sản
xuất ô tô
l automotive electronics =
applications of modern electronics
to the motor vehicles: Điện tử ô tô
l automotive electrician =
electrician working on and
designing systems for motor
vehicles: Thợ điện ô tô
l automotive emissions = all types
of release into the atmosphere
from motor vehicles, including
exhaust gas, fuel and crankcase
fumes, and noise: Chất thải từ
động cơ ô tô
design and construction of motor
vehicles: Kỹ thuật (cơng nghệ)
ơtơ
l automotive tool = tool for use in
the construction or repair of motor
vehicles: Dụng cụ sửa chữa ô tô
AUX = auxiliary: Thiết bị phụ, phụ
tùng.
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
auxiliary
(NOTE: an abbreviation often used
to label fused)
auxiliary a. additional, supplementary:
Thiết bị phụ.
l auxiliary brake lights = additional
brake lights mounted at eye level
in the rear window to reduce the
risk of being run into from behind:
Đèn phanh phụ
l auxiliary drive shaft = secondary
drive shaft driving for example,
the fuel or water pumps or
distributor: Bán trục phụ
l auxiliary driving lamp = lamp
supplementing the light from the
headlamps, such as a fog lamp
or spot lamp: Đèn lái phụ.
l auxiliary gearbox = extra gearbox
used in conjunction with the main
(manual) gearbox to provide an
additional range of speeds: Hộp
số phụ
l auxiliary leaf = helper leaf (in a
leaf spring): Nhíp phụ
AVC = automatic volume control
average 1 n. mean value or rate:
Giá trị trung bình
2 v. to achieve a certain mean value
or rate: Đạt giá trị trung bình.
3 a. found by calculating the mean
value or rate: Giá trị trung bình
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
axle
l average fuel consumption = the
distance covered divided by the
time taken or the fuel used: Tốc
độ tiêu thụ nhiên liệu trung bình
aviation fuel n. fuel suitable for
aircraft: Nhiên liệu cho máy bay
awl n. tool with a sharp point and a
fluted blade for piercing holes:
Cái dùi
awning n. roof of canvas or similar
material stretched out from e.g.
a caravan for protection from the
sun and rain: Mái che, mui xe
axis n. centreline about which a
body can or could rotate, or
which divides a figure into two
symmetrical parts: Trục
axle n. transverse bar, tube, shaft
or beam which carries wheels at
their end: Vi sai cầu xe
l axle casing = external, basically
tubular housing containing the
differential and half-shafts and
with bearings at either end for the
hubs: Vỏ vi sai
l axle housing = axle casing: Vỏ
cầu xe (vi sai)
l axle load = axle weight: Tải trọng
cầu xe
l axle stand = tripod which is
adjustable for height and used for
33
axle tramp
supporting the vehicle for longer
jobs: Con đội ba chân
l axle tramp = rocking or oscillation
of an axle under heavy acceleration
or braking due to inadequate
damping: Sự rung động của cầu
khi tăng tốc hoặc phanh
l axle tube = that part of the axle
casing enclosing the half-shaft,
or the tube forming a tubular rigid
axle: Vỏ cầu phần bán trục
34
axle shaft
l axle weight = that part of the
weight of a vehicle resting on
the wheels of an axle: Tải trọng
cầu xe.
l axle drive n. final drive: Truyền
động cuối cùng
l axle shaft n. short shaft
connecting the differential and
the drive shaft on each side in an
independent suspension layout:
Bán trục cầu xe
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
Babbitt metal
Bb
Babbitt metal n. alloy of tin,
copper, antimony, and lead still
occasionally used for bearing
surfaces: Hợp kim chống mài
mòn trong bề mặt bạc lót
baby seat n. seat for babies weighing
up to about 20 lbs, normally
installed facing backwards on
the front seat and allowing a half
upright seating position: Ghế
dành cho trẻ em
BAC = Blood Alcohol Content: Nồng
độ cồn trong máu
back axle n. rear axle, usually on a
four-wheel vehicle: Cầu sau
l back axle ratio = Final drive ratio: Tỉ
số truyền động cuối cùng
backbone chassis n. chassis based
on a single central spine carrying
or containing the drive train, the
body shell being mounted on
outriggers: Khung chính
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
backing light
backfire 1 n. explosion either at the
wrong time in the cylinder or
of unburnt or only partly burnt
mixture in the exhaust system,
causing a loud bang: Tiếng nổ ở
ống thải do lửa trễ hoặc hoà khí
chưa cháy hết
2 v. to make a loud bang as a result
of unburnt or only partly burnt
mixture exploding in the exhaust
system or the cylinder: Gây ra
tiếng nổ lớn ở pô
backlash n. excessive play in a
mechanical system such as gears
or linkages, due to looseness or
flexing: Khoảng chết, khe hở
backing light n. US = rear window:
Kính sau
l (US) backing heater or defogging
system = heated rear window:
Hệ thống xông kính sau
l back panel n. = REAR PANEL
35
backplate
backplate n. fixed heavy-gauge metal
plate attached to the suspension
and carrying the brake shoes and
brake operating mechanism of a
drum brake, or the plate carrying
the brake pad in a disc brake:
Mâm phanh
(NOTE: US = backing plate)
back pressure n. any pressure
holding back the flow of the
gases in an exhaust system: Áp
suất ngược của khí thải
backrest n. back of a seat: Lưng ghế
back up v. US = REVERSING: De
xe, lùi xe
back up alarm n. US reverse warning
signal: Kèn báo lùi xe
l back-up light n. US = REVERSING
LIGHT: Đèn lùi xe
back-voltage n. voltage which
opposes the current when the
current in an inductive circuit
changes and the magnetic fields
cut the conductors: Điện áp
ngược
l self-induction back-voltage
= back-voltage produced by
self- induction; this induced
electromotive force opposes the
change in current and enhancing
it if the current is decreasing:
Điện áp ngược tự cảm
36
balance
badge n. typically, the maker’s logo
in coloured enamel on chrome
plate but can also be letters or
symbols indicating a particular
type or model, such as V-12, 16V,
fiesta, etc.: Biểu tượng, mác,
nhãn
baffle plate n. usually transverse
steel plate reducing the flow or
motion of gases or liquids, e.g.
in a silencer, in the sump of an
engine or in a fuel tank: Tấm chắn
giảm dòng chảy
bake v. to dry or cure a paint or other
finish using heat: Nung, sấy
bakelite n. proprietary, hard, brittle
plastic used in the early days
of plastic engineering, esp. for
electrical parts because of its
good insulating properties: Nhựa
cách điện, nhựa bakêlit
balance 1 n. state in which weight is
evenly distributed: Sự cân bằng
2 v. to fix weights, e.g. to the rim of
a wheel or a crankshaft in order
to correct weight distribution and
thus reduce vibration: Làm cân
bằng
l balance crankshaft = crankshaft
with extended webs to form
counterbalances or a vibration
damper: Trục khuỷu đã được cân
bằng động
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
balanced engine
l balanced engine = engine in
which all reciprocating parts such
as pistons and connecting rods
are adjusted to the same weight:
Động cơ đã cân bằng
l balance control n. knob or slide
control which adjusts the level of
the left and right speakers of a
stereo system: Nút cân bằng âm
thanh giữa loa trái và phải
l balance disc n. balance device
in centrifugal pumps, in the
front of a disc fitted to the pump
shaft, which lifts when a force is
generated on the underside of
the disc, leaking pressure until
the axial forces are balanced: Đĩa
cân bằng (bơm ly tâm)
l balance pipe n. in a twin
carburetor layout, a pipe joining
the inlet tracts or choke tubes
of the two carburetors to even
out differences in flow: Ống cân
bằng
l balance shaft n. additional rotating
shaft in the crankcase fitted with
counterweights, esp. in single
and twin cylinder engines, to
reduce vibration: Trục cân bằng
l balance weight n. small lead
weight fitted to the wheel rim to
restore wheel balance: Miếng chì
bấm niềng xe
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
ballast ignition system
l balancer n. wheel balancer: Thiết
bị cân bằng bánh xe
l balancing n. adjustment of
incorrect and uneven weight
distribution: Điều chỉnh để cân
bằng động
l balancing weight = balance
weight: Đối trọng
bald tyre n. tyre on which the tread
is completely worn away: Lốp xe
quá mòn
balk ring n. = baulk ring: Vòng cản
ball n. (a) spherical part, e.g. in a ball
bearing or a ball socket joint: Bi
(b) = towball: Khớp nối cầu
l ball and nut steering n. =
recirculating ball steering: Hệ
thống lái kiểu bi tuần hoàn
l ball and socket n. = ball joint:
Khớp cầu
ballast ignition system n. ignition
system incorporating a ballast
resistor connected in series with
the coil primary winding and
bypassed when the starter is
operated, ensuring improved cold
starting performance and spark
efficiency: Hệ thống đánh lửa có
điện trở phụ
l ballast resistor = resistor in
which the resistance increase
37
ball bearing
as the current passing through it
increases, used in motor vehicles
to control the output from the
coil at high engine speeds and
provide a better spark for starting:
Điện trở phụ
ball bearing n. most common type
of antifriction bearing, comprising
two rings or races between which
hardened steel balls run in tracks,
and able to absorb both axial and
radial loads: Bạc đạn bi, vòng bi,
ổ bi
l ball bearing puller = puller for
removing ball bearings that sit on
a shaft and in a housing: Cảo ổ bi
(bạc đạn)
l ball cage n. circular frame which
holds the balls in place in a ball
bearing: Vòng bi, rế bi
l ball end hexagon screwdriver
n. screwdriver with a ball type
hexagon tip allowing it to be used
at an angle of up to 300 from the
screw head: Tuốc nơ vít đầu lục
giác có vòng bi
l ball joint n. mechanical coupling in
which ball on the end of one part
moves freely within a recessed
spherical socket in the end of
another, often used in suspension
and steering linkages: Khớp cầu
38
bandwidth
l ball joint separator = tool for
forcing out ball or tapered joints,
either in the from of the simple
fork with wedge–shaped jaw
which is struck with a hammer
to separate the joint, or a tool
using direct pressure from a
screw–activated lever action to
split the joint: Thiết bị tháo khớp
cầu
ball peen hammer n. hammer with
a head having one flat and one
rounded end: Búa đầu tròn
l ball socket n. recessed spherical
socket for receiving the ball in a
ball joint: Hốc cầu
l ball valve n. non-return valve
comprising a recessed spherical
seating into which a ball fits to
cover a hole, closing if the flow of
liquid is reversed: Van bi, van một
chiều
bal res = ballast resistor: Điện trở
phụ
band brake n. brake consisting of
a steel band with a friction lining
passing round a drum, which
contracts and grips the drum,
when the brake is applied: Đai
phanh
bandwidth n. range of audio
frequencies an audio component
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
banger
such as a car stereo can handle:
Băng tần
banger n. (informal) old, cheap and
well-worn car, which may be still
serviceable: Ô tô cũ
l banger racing = racing beat-up old
saloons from which the glass and
trim have been removed on small
tracks, with aggressive driving
and frequent contact between the
car: Cuộc đua ô tô cũ
banjo n. (a) type of right-angled
union for a pipe or flexible hose,
comprising a ring–shaped piece
on the end of the pipe through
which a threaded hollow bolt is
passed: Đai siết ống, cổ dê
(b) drum-shaped central part of
an axle casing containing the
differential: Bán cầu vi sai
l banjo axle = rear axle with a
drum-shaped differential casing:
Vỏ cầu vi sai dạng bán cầu
bar n. unit of pressure; one bar
equals 100 kilopascals or 14.5
pound-force per square inch:
Đơn vị đo áp suất
bar clamp n. tool with a fixed head
and a sliding foot for clamping
purposes: Thanh kẹp
barometric pressure sensor n.
sensor in an engine management
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
base
system providing information on
ambient barometric pressure
for the adjustment of mixture
etc., which is important for the
maintenance of good engine
performance at different altitudes:
Cảm biến đo áp suất khí quyển
barrel n. main tubular section of a
carburetor including the air intake
and choke tube: Họng khuếch tán
bộ chế hòa khí
barrier cream n. special cream
recommended for use when
working on cars to reduce soiling
of the hands and prevent skin
infections or allergic reactions
when working with substances
such as oils, thinners, paints,
etc.: Kem bảo vệ da
l barrier effect n. the effect produced
by coatings shielding especially
metal surfaces from corrosive
agents: Tác dụng chống ăn mòn
l barrier paint n. primer which
isolates a top coat from a surface
or other finish with which it is
incompatible: Sơn lót
base n. lowest supporting part of
a usually upright member, or
bottom layer or coating in a paint
system: Nền, đế, bệ, căn bản
l base coat n. first coat in a paint
system, either an undercoat or
39
basic ignition setting
primer, or a coloured coat to be
coverd in a coat of clear lacquer:
Lớp sơn lót
l base material n. material under a
coating or which is to be coated:
Vật liệu nền
l base metal n. metal under a
coating or which is to be coated:
Kim loại nền
l base metal attack = corrosion of
the metal under a finish: Sự ăn
mòn kim loại nền
l baseplate n. strong metal
plate which forms the base of
something: Tấm đế kim loại
basic ignition setting or timing n.
position to which the ignition is
set, which is then varied by the
automatic advance system: Thời
điểm đánh lửa cơ bản
l basic price n. minimum list price
of a certain car model, to which
must be added any tax or extras,
the charge for delivery, number
plates, etc.: Giá chưa thuế, giá gốc
l basic timing n.=basic ignition
timing: Thời điểm đánh lửa cơ
bản
batch n. 1 number of things produced
as a group: Một lượt, một đợt
2 mixture of natural and/ or synthetic
rubbers, and vulcanizing agents,
40
battery acid
used in tyre production: Hỗn hợp
cao su và chất lưu hoá
bath n. process of immersion or the
container used: Bồn, bể, chậu
battery n. on most cars, a lead-acid
storage-battery, usually of 12
volts: Ắc-quy, bình điện
l the battery is flat or dead = there
is no current left in the battery:
Ắc-quy hết điện
l check the battery and top up if
necessary = check the level of
the battery acid in the battery
cells and add distilled water to
restore the level if needed: Kiểm
tra mực dung dịch và châm nước
battery acid n. fluid in the cells of a
car battery, in fact sulphuric acid:
Dung dịch điện phân
l battery capacity n. = ampere
hour capacity: Dung lượng ắc-
quy
l battery case n. housing made
of polypropylene used to
accommodate the cells of a
battery with their plates and
separators, and the battery acid:
Vỏ bình điện, vỏ ắc-quy
l battery charge n. condition of the
battery in relation to the amount
of currently stored unit: Sự sạc,
nạp bình
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
battery charge indicator
(NOTE: also called state of charge)
l battery charge indicator =
instrument showing the state of
charge of the battery: Đèn báo
sạc
l battery charger = device which
can be plugged into the mains and
connected to a storage battery to
restore its state of charge: Máy
sạc bình
l battery charging station = centre
with high capacity battery
chargers for recharging batteries,
esp. of electric cars: Trạm sạc
bình
l battery compartment n. separate
space provided for the battery,
usually under the bonnet but
sometimes below the rear seat or
in the boot: Ngăn đặt ắc-quy
l battery condition n.= battery
charge: Tình trạng ắc-quy
l battery connector n. plug on a
battery-powered vehicle to connect
the batteries to a charging station:
Dây nối ắc-quy
l battery cover n. one-piece cover
permanently sealed to the battery
case and with common batteries
provided with one opening for
each of the individual cells for
filling and topping-up purposes,
such openings are usually
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
battery fluid
closed by plugs but are absent
on modern maintenance-free
batteries: Nắp đậy ắc-quy
l battery discharge controller n.
device on a vehicle with electric
motor drive, which triggers a
warning indicator and/ or turns
off the power supply when the
battery voltage drop below a
certain minimum level: Thiết bị
bảo vệ ắc-quy khỏi sự phóng điện
l battery discharge indicator =
instrument on vehicles with
electric motor drive which
indicates battery charge condition
in percent of full charge: Đồng hồ
báo độ phóng điện ắc-quy
l battery earth n. earth provided
by a braided earth strap or
a heavy –duty cable leading
from the negative terminal (or
exceptionally, in positive earth
systems, from the positive
terminal) to a suitable point on
the body or chassis: Nối mass
ắc-quy
l battery filler n. device with a
suction ball which can suck up
liquid and discharge it into the
battery: Thiết bị châm dung dịch
ắc-quy
l battery fluid n. = battery acid:
Dung dịch điện phân
41
battery igniti
l battery ignition system n. general
term for any battery-powered
ignition system where battery
voltage by an ignition coil or
transistorized ignition unit: Hệ
thống đánh lửa bằng ắc-quy
l battery master switch n. switch
which disconnects the battery
completely and cuts off power to
all electrical components: Công
tắc ngắt mass ắc-quy
l battery post n. round terminal on a
battery to which cable is attached,
usually by a clamp: Cọc bình
To avoid confusion, the positive post
is usually of larger diameter than
the negative post: Để tránh nhầm
lẫn, cọc dương thường lớn hơn
cọc âm
l battery state indicator = battery
charge indicator: Đèn báo nạp
l battery terminal n. terminal on
the battery either on the front of
a post or a lug with a hole; also
used sometimes to mean the
clamp on the end of the cable:
Cực ắc-quy
l battery tester n. voltage meter or
hydrometer for checking the state
of charge of a battery: Thiết bị
kiểm tra ắc-quy
l battery tray n. metal ledge
supporting the battery, usually on
42
bead
the side of the engine bay: Khay
đựng ắc-quy
baulk ring n. part in a synchromesh
gearbox which prevents a gear
being engaged too soon: Vòng
đồng tốc
bayonet cap n. cylindrical base of
an electric light bulb, usually with
two pins projecting on either side,
which engages in J-shaped slots
to lock the bulb securely in its
socket: Đuôi đèn
l bayonet fitting = socket with either
twin contacts or a single contact
and j-shaped slots on either side
to receive the pins of the bulb:
Rãnh chụp đuôi đèn
BDC = bottom dead centre: Điểm
chết dưới
bead n. (a) the part of a tyre which is
shaped to fit the rim, made of steel
wires wrapped and reinforced by
the plies of the tyre: Đường gân
trên vỏ xe
(b) any small ball-like part, such as
the glass beads used in bead
blasting or the pellets used in
contains catalytic converters: Hạt
chứa chất xúc tác
l bead base n. the part of the tyre
bead in contact with the rim bead
seat: Tanh chính
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
bead seat mat
l bead blasting n. cleaning process
using glass beads that is fairly
slow, but gives a high-quality finish
since paint and contamination
can be removed without affecting
the critical tolerances of parts
being blasted: Sự xử lí bề mặt
khi sơn
l bead core n. ring of steel wires in
the tyre bead: Lõi tanh vỏ
bead seat mat n. seat cover made of
a network of wood beads: Thảm
bọc ghế bằng các miếng gỗ nhỏ
beam axle n. now used for any rigid
axle, but the original sense was
a non-driven axle form of an
I-section beam: Dầm cầu bị động
dạng chữ I
beam indicator n. light on the
instrument panel which comes
on usually only when the main
headlight beam is in use: Đèn
báo pha
bearing n. device which supports
or positions a usually rotating
or reciprocating part such as a
shaft, esp. in such a way that
little or no friction results: Bạc
lót, ổ bi
bearing assembly n. assembly
of more than one bearing for
the same component, where
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
bearing clearance
more than one load has to be
supported: Cụm ổ bi
l bearing cage n. circular frame
which holds the balls or rollers in
place in a ball or roller bearing:
Rế giữ bi trong ổ bi
l bearing cap n. rigid, semicircular
part which encloses and holds
the outer shell of a shell bearing,
as in the main bearings of an
engine: Nắp đầu to thanh truyền
bearing clearance n. space between
the bearing surface and its journal:
Khe hở giữa biên và bạc lót
l check the conrod for big-end
bearing clearance = check
the gap between big-end and
crankpin: Kiểm tra khe hở giữa
đầu to thanh truyền và cổ trục
khuỷu
l bearing cone n. = taper roller
bearing: Ổ bi côn
l bearing cup = bearing shell: Bạc
lót hai nửa
l bearing housing n. housing for
a bearing, such as the centre
section of a turbocharger which
supports compressor and turbine
housings and the shaft to which
the compressor and turbine
wheels are attached: Thân đỡ
bạc lót
43
bearing material
l bearing material n. metal layer
forming the surface of a plain
bearing, typical of white metal:
Lớp kim loại bề mặt bạc lót
l bearing puller n. tool used to
remove different types of bearings
by pulling action: Dụng cụ tháo
(cão) bạc đạn
l bearing race n. in balls or rollers
bearings, one of two steel rings
between which the balls or rollers
run in tracks: Vòng của bạc đạn
l bearing separator n. special tool
used to separate double bearings
or close fitting gear, esp. when
a conventional jaw-type puller
cannot be used, having bevelled
edges which allow insertion
behind the bearings and gears to
be separated: Dụng cụ tháo bạc
đạn đặc biệt
l bearing shell n. one of a pair of
thin semicircular steel cups lined
with an alloy such as copper-lead
or lead-indium, which together
enclose a shaft or other rotating
member, and are held in a circular
housing which can be divided into
two halves: Bạc lót hai nửa
l bearing spread n. diameter
slightly greater than that of the
housing with which almost all
main and big-end bearings are
44
bell housing
manufactured; this means that
the bearing shell has to be force
into place, and so can not rotate;
there is also total contact between
its back and the housing: Sự căng
lưng bạc lót
l bearing surface n. area of the
bearing actually in contact with
the shaft or other member being
supporting: Bề mặt tiếp xúc của
bạc lót
bed n. flat area used as a support:
Nền móng
l bed in v. to make parts fit together
accurately: Chạy rà
l it take a while for new brake pads
to bed themselves in = new brake
pads have to wear slightly to be a
perfect fit on the discs: Cần thời
gian để những bố phanh ăn khớp
hoàn toàn với đĩa phanh
l bedding-in oil n. engine oil for
use when run in new bearings:
Dầu chạy rà máy
beefed up a. made stronger, e.g. for
heavy loads: Làm cho mạnh
bell housing n. circular housing
between the crankcase and
gearbox containing the flywheel
and clutch, or the torque
converter in the case of automatic
transmission: Các-te bánh đà
(đầu trâu hộp số)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
belt
belt n. (a) loop of strong material
passed round two or more
pulleys and transmitting drive
from one to the other, such as
a fan belt or timing belt: Dây đai
(truyền động)
(b) = seat belt: Dây đai an toàn
(c) reinforcing layer or layers of steel
or nylon strands in the carcass of
a radial fly tyre: Lớp bố vỏ xe
l belt anchorage n. point where
the end of a seat belt is attached
to the body of a car: Mấu giữ đai
an toàn
belt drive n. system for transmitting
power by means of a belt
passing round pulleys: Truyền
động dây đai
belted bias tyre n. hydrid tyre which
is a mixture between cross-
ply and radial-ply designs, with
added belts (as in radial tyres)
on diagonal body plies (as in
cross-ply tyres), resulting in stiffer
sidewalls than with straight radial
tyres: Loại vỏ với lớp bố xiêng
(chéo)
l belt end n. part of the seat belt
carrying the buckle and attached
to the floor pan, increasing
replaced by buckle attached
directly to the car seat: Đầu giữ
dây đai an toàn
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
bench
belt mounting n. = belt anchorage:
Mấu giữ đai an toàn
l belt retractor n. device which
automatically pulls the seat belt
back into its reel: Cơ cấu rút đai
an toàn
l belt sander n. power sanding
tool with a rotating belt lined with
abrasive: Máy đánh bóng bằng
băng vải nhám
l belt slacker n. looseness of a
drive belt: Sự giãn dây đai
l belt slip n. slipping of a drive belt
on its pulleys due to insufficient
tightness, so that no power is
transmitted: Sự trượt đai
l belt tensioner n. arrangement
for tightening a drive belt, often
comprising an idler pulley whose
position can be adjusted: Thiết bị
căng đai
l belt transmission n. : Đai dẫn
động trong hộp số tự động
l belt up v. to put on one’s seat
belt (to buckle up belt): Khoát dây
đai an toàn.
l belt webbing n. : Sự khoác dây
đai an toàn
l belt webbing n. strong webbing
material used for seat belts: Đai vải
bench n. workbench, also used to
45
bench seat
mean a test bed for engines: Bàn
thợ máy, băng thử động cơ
l bench grinder n. power grinder
for mounting on a workbench, with
two grinding wheels for grinding
and sharpening purposes: Bàn
máy mài
bench seat n. seat in one piece
stretching across the full width of
the car: Ghế dài trong xe
bench test n. stationary test, esp. of
an engine, in which it is mounted
in a test bed and run for a period
of time checks being made with
the aid of instruments on e.g.
power output, fuel consumption
and emission levels: Băng thử
kiểm tra động cơ
bench vice n. vice for mounting on a
workbench: Ê tô
bending pliers n. pliers with flat
smooth jaws used to hold sheet
metal in place,e.g. for welding:
Kìm mỏ cong (dùng trong kỹ
thuật hàn)
l bending strength n. ability of a
material to resist the bending
moment: khả năng chịu uốn
Bendix drive n. form of drive mainly
used for starter motors, where a
pinion is mounted on a shaft with
a helical screw and rushes down
46
bit
the shaft into engagement with
the starter teeth in the flywheel
when the shaft is spun: Truyền
động bằng bánh răng Bendix
trong máy khởi động
n. also called inertia drive, due to the
heavy piston moving along the
shaft under the momentum of its
own weight or inertia when the
shaft turns inside it: Truyền động
quán tính
l Bendix screw = the form of helical
screw on the shaft of a starter
motor: Rãnh xoắn ốc
l Bendix starter = starter motor with
a bendix drive: Máy khởi động sử
dụng bánh răng Bendix
benzene n. fluid constituent of petrol
(C6H6): oại hydrocacbon thơm,
mạch vòng
binnacle n. cluster of instruments and/
or switches mounted in a usually
circular casing fixed on or near the
steering column: Dụng cụ đo hay
công tắc đặt trên vô lăng lái
bio-degradable a. cable of being
made to rot by bacteria: Có thể bị
hư do vi sinh
bit n. part of a tool for boring or
cutting, esp. the interchangeable
tip of a drill or the blade of a
screwdriver: Mũi khoan, đầu mỏ
hàn, lưỡi dao
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
bevel differential
l bit adapter or holder = tool with
a female square drive at one
end to accept hexagon bits: Bộ
phận gá tuýp
bevel differential n. differential which
bevel gear for its main element,
which allows the input and output
shaft to be at right angles to one
another: Bộ vi sai bánh răng nón
bevel drive shaft n. shaft with a bevel
gear at one ends, used esp. for
driving an overhead camshaft:
Trục dẫn động bánh răng nón
bevel gear n. gear shaped in the
form of a frustum of a cone, used
to transmit motion through an
angle: Bánh răng nón (côn)
l bevel gear drive or transmission
= form of transmission used to
drive shafts which do not align
with the output shaft: Sự truyền
động vuông góc
beverage holder n. circular clip
for holding a beaker or glass,
typically on the centre console:
Vòng giữ
bezel n. circular metal surround or rim
of an instrument, headlamp: Đai
giữ BHP = brake horsepower:
công suất phát động (hãm).
bias belted tyre n. = cross–ply tyre:
Vỏ có lớp bố xiên
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
Bi-hexagon
bicycle carrier n. device attached to
the rear of a car, often supported
on a towbar, for carrying a bicycle:
Giá treo xe đạp (trên xe hơi)
big-block engine n. US typical large
American V-8 engine of the 1960s
and 70s, with a simple and robust
design including cast-iron block
and heads and conventional
carburetors, and giving ample
power and enormous torque:
Động cơ lớn của Mỹ
big end n. end of the connecting rod
which fits round the crankpin:
Đầu to thanh truyền
l big-end bearing = bearing of the
connecting rod on the crankpin,
now nearly always in the form
of replaceble shell bearings, but
formerly of white metal deposited
on fixed shells: Bạc lót đầu to
thanh truyền
l big-end bolt = one of the bolts
fixing the big–end cap to the
connecting rod: Bulông đầu to
thanh truyền
l big-end cap = the detachable end
of the connecting rod which fits
on the crankpin: Nắp đầu dưới
thanh truyền
Bi-hexagon n. & a. (figure) having
twelve angles; the shaft of some
nuts, botls heads and their
47
bimetallic corrosion
corresponding sockets: Có mười
hai cạnh
l bi-hexagon socket = 12-point
socket: Tuýp mười hai cạnh
l bihexagonal a. (of a nut, bolt
head, etc.) having twelve angles
or points: Có mười hai cạnh
bimetallic corrosion n. corrosion of
two different metal exposed to
an electrolyte while in electrical
contact: Sự ăn mòn điện hóa của
lưỡng kim
binding n. (a) rubbing of brake shoes
against the drum or of brake pads
against the disc: Sự bó phanh
(b) strip material turned over along
the edge of a carpet or mat: Rìa
bao, viền
bituminuous paint n. black or dark
coloured tarry paint which contain
bitumen; used for the protection
of exposed metal parts: Sơn có
chứa nhựa
black box n. (informal) (a) = crash
recorder: Hộp đen
(b) = control unit: Cụm điều khiển
l black chromium plating n.
electrolytic deposition of a black
chronium layer for decorative
purpose: Mạ crôm đen
l blackening n. = bulb blackening:
48
bleed
Bóng đèn hỏng (đen tim)
blade n. straight, narrow flat part,
such as the end of a screwdriver,
the part of the windscreen wiper
in contact with the windscreen,
or one of the vanes of a rotor or
impeller: Lưỡi, cánh, mái, phiến
l blade connector = plain metal
tongue for forming electrical
connections: Phiến giắc nối (dây
điện)
l blade rubber = rubber strip fitted
into the arm of a windscreen
wiper: Miếng cao su trên cần gạt
nước (lá mía).
l bladed impeller n. rotating
member of a centrifugal pump
fitted with blades or vanes: Cánh
bơm
l blanking plug n. rubber plug for
filling holes in the floorpan: Nút bịt
bằng cao su
blast cleaning n. remove of
corrosion, dirt, scale, etc., by a
blast of abrasive particles: Sự
làm sạch bằng chất nhám
bleed v. to drain fluid from (a hydraulic
system) usually to remove any air
which may have found its way in:
Xả gió
l bleed(er) screw = screw which
when slacked off allows hydraulic
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
blind rivet
fluid to escape: Vít xả gió
l bleed(er) valve = valve which
when opened allows hydraulic
fluid to escape: Van xả gió
blind rivet n. = pop rivet: Đinh tán
đầu chìm
l blind spot n. area not visible from
the driver’s seat: Điểm mù
blister n. bubble in the paintwork
cause by trapped moisture or air
under the paint or by rust: Bong
tróc, rộp lên, phồng lên (sơn)
blistering n. formation of blisters due
to rust or air or moisture trapped
under the paint: Sự bong tróc
l blocking ring n. = baulk ring:
Vòng đồng tốc
block n. = cylinder block: Khối xi-
lanh
l block sanding n. sanding the
bodywork with a sanding block
which gives even sanding
pressure: Phun cát
blood alcohol (level or content) n.
amount of alcohol in the blood
due to drinking: (Nồng độ) cồn
trong máu
blooming n. formation of an undesired
thin surface film or a milky white
haze or mist on paintwork, which
can occur when paint is applied
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
blow
during humid, cold conditions
and is caused by moisture being
trapped in the wet film: Sự ngưng
tụ hơi nước trên lớp sơn khi sơn
xe trong thời tiết lạnh ẩm
blow 1 v. to become defective, either
by leaking or burning through: Bị
hư vì rò hoặc cháy
2 n. leak of air or gases,e.g. from the
exhaust: Sự rò khí
l the silence or exhaust gasket is
blowing = gases are leaking from
the silencer or exhaust gasket:
Khí thải đang rò rỉ từ ống giảm
thanh (pô)
l the short circuit causes the fuse
to blow = the fuse burnt through
because of the overload caused
by the short circuit: Ngắn mạch
gây ra đứt cầu chì
l blowback n. forcing back of some
of the air/fuel mixture through the
carburetor due to a sticking valve
or as a result of the inlet valve
closing late: Nổ dội
l blow-by n. leakage of compressed
air/ fuel mixture and gases (from
combustion) past the piston rings
into the crankcase: Sự lọt khí
l blowdown n. escape of gases
between the opening of the
exhaust valve and the piston
49
blowdown period
reaching bottom dead centre, or
in a two-stroke engine between
exhaust port opening and transfer
port opening: Sự quét khí
l blowdown period = in a two-
stroke engine, the period between
exhaust port opening and transfer
port opening which should be
sufficiently long to drop below
time for the cylinder pressure,
so that the exhaust gases can
be expelled more easily: Chu kỳ
quét khí
l blower n. (a) (informal) =
supercharger: Bộ tăng áp (nén
khí) dẫn động bằng puli cốt máy
(b) fan for an interior heating and
ventilation system, or more rarely
for an air-cooled engine: Quạt gió
(giàn lạnh)
l blower switch = switch for the
fan of a heating and ventilation
system: Công tắc quạt gió
l blow gun n. pressure–fed spray
gun with a wide nozzle used to
blow out crevices, dust off large
areas, etc.: Súng thổi sạch (để
sơn)
l blowlamp n. tool giving an intense
flame for burning off paint, brazing
and soldering, and heating lead
filter. In US English, which is blow
torch: Đèn đốt sơn
50
bodge
l blow-off valve n. spring-loaded
valve that prevents excessive
boots pressure in a turbocharger
or supercharger: Van xả khí
(tăng áp)
l blow out v. to clean (a blocked
pipe,etc.) by blowing or passing
air under high pressure through
it: Thổi khí áp suất cao (để
thông ống)
l blow-out n. puncture in which
the tyre bursts and often leaves
the rim: Nổ vỏ
blue smoke n. exhaust smoke
indicating too rich a mixture: Khói
xanh (hỗn hợp quá giàu)
BMC = British Motor Corporation
BMW n. the letters standing for
bayerishe motoren werke: Một
thương hiệu xe hơi của Đức (viết
tắt của chữ Bayerishe Motoren
Werke).
board n. = printed circuit board: Bo
mạch in
l board test = test of the printer
circuit board: Kiểm tra bo mạch in
bodge 1 n. (informal) a hasty
botched-up repair, not carried out
with the proper tools or materials:
Sự sửa chữa tạm thời, chắp vá
2 v. (informal) to do work badly,
not using the proper tools or
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
body
materials: Sửa chữa vội vã
body n. (a) main visible upper
structure of a vehicle, as opposed
to the chassis and running gear:
Thùng, thân xe
(b) main part or housing, e.g. of a
silencer: Vỏ bọc, thân
(c) shank of a bolt: Thân bu-lông
l body assembly n. building up of the
body from its various components
and panels: Sự lắp ráp thân xe
l body builder n. coach-builder:
Thợ làm đồng xe
l body-coloured a. (of bumpers,
etc.) painted in the same colour
as the body: Sơn cùng màu
thân xe
l body component n. structural part
of the body: Thành phần thân xe.
body construction n. manufacture
of a vehicle body: Sự chế tạo
thân xe.
l body fire n. hand tool for smoothing
body panels by removing material
from the surface, e.g. on filled
areas, consisting of a file blade
held in an adjustable holder that
may be adapted to convex or
concave surfaces: Dụng cụ làm
phẳng bề mặt
l body filler n. filler: Thợ trét ma tít
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
body shell
l body framing n. assembly of the
body components: Sự lắp ráp
khung xe
l body glass n. windows and
windscreen of a car: Kính xe
l body hammer n. hammer for
knocking out dents: Búa gò thân xe
l body-in-white n. bare body shell
after welding but before painting:
Thân xe trước khi sơn
l body jack n. hydraulic device for
proving the force to push or pull
damaged body part into shape,
either directly or via straightening
equipment, e.g. pulling beams:
Con đội dùng nắn khung
l body repair n. repair to the
bodywork of a car made
necessary by accident damage
or corrosion: Sửa chữa thân xe
(làm đồng)
l body repair shop = workshop
specializing in the body repairs:
Xưởng sửa chữa thân xe (xưởng
đồng sơn)
l body roll n. rolling a vehicle’s
body when cornering: Sự lật thân
xe khi quay vòng
l body shell n. the bare skeleton of
a vehicle, stripped of all running
gear, fittings, accessories and
detachable panels: Bộ khung xe
51
bogie
l body shop n. (a) body assembly
shop in a factory: Xưởng lắp ráp
thân xe
(b) = body repair shop: Xưởng làm
đồng sơn
l body stripe n. ornamental strip
along the bottom of the side of
the body usually on sports cars
and including the maker and /
or model name in large letters:
Đường viền thân xe
l body tub n. bare body shell
minus all removable panels such
as doors and wings on cars
featuring a separate chassis
which is lowered onto the chassis
during assembly: Bộ khung xe
(trừ các chi tiết có thể tháo được)
l bodywork n. complete body
structure mounted on the chassis
of vehicles with separate chassis,
and the complete assembly of
sheet metal panels for car of
unitary construction: Thân xe
bogie n. assembly of four wheels
on two axles with common
suspension, usually on heavy
commercial vehicles and trailers:
Rơ moóc
boil v. to bubble and change party
to vapour due to heat, said of
engine coolant and colloquially of
52
bonnet badge
a car or its engine, also of brake
fluid: Làm sôi
l boiling point n. temperature at
which a liquid boils: Điểm sôi
(nhiệt độ)
bolt n. piece of metal bar with a
screw thread and a usually
hexagon head, for use with a nut
or for screwing into a part with a
matching female
thread: Bu-lông
bond 1 n. state of adhesion: Trạng
thái gắn chặt.
2 v. to join by means of an adhesive:
Dán, liên kết, nối
l bonding agent n. material that
provides adhesive properties:
Chất kết dính
l bonding method n. method of
joining two parts together with an
adhesive: Phương pháp kết dính
bonnet n. Hinged cover over the
engine bay, usually of metal but
now often of fiberglass. In US
English, which is hood : Nắp ca-
pô, nắp đậy máy
bonnet badge n. badge usually
stating the maker in sometimes
the model of vehicle in the centre
of the front edge of the bonnet:
Biểu tượng hãng trên nắp ca-pô
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
bonnet liner
bonnet bump rubber or bonnet
bump n. rubber buffer mounted
on the vertical panel onto which
the bonnet is lowered: Đệm nắp
ca-pô
bonnet liner n. sound-absorbing
material attached to the inside
of the bonnet to reduce engine
noise: Lớp cách âm trong ca-pô
bonnet lock n. locking mechanism
comprising a notched peg fixed
to front underside of the bonnet,
which fits into a hole with a sliding
latch in the panel above the grille:
Cơ cấu khóa nắp ca-pô
l bonnet release n. cable with a
handle inside the vehicle which
releases the bonnet lock: Chốt
mở ca-pô (bên trong xe)
l bonnet (support) stay n. rod
which engages in a hole in the
bonnet to hold it in the open
position: Thanh chống nắp ca-pô
l bonnet tape n. double piping
with fabric covering used to keep
bonnet of on older-style cars from
rubbing in the paintwork of the
panels beneath them: Đường
viền nắp ca-pô
booming n. low-pitched resonance,
esp. in the exhaust: Tiếng nổ
vang ở ống thải
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
boost
boost 1 n. addition power, pressure
or charge, esp. the pressure from
a supercharger: Sự tăng áp, tăng
công suất
(NOTE: also called boost pressure)
2 v. to increase (power, charge,
pressure, etc.), amplify (an audio
signal, etc.): Tăng, khuếch đại
l boost control valve = blow-off
valves: Van điều khiển tăng áp
l booster n. amplifier unit which
increase the audio signal level at
the loudspeakers, fitted between
the radio or stereo unit and the
speakers, often mounted in the
boot: Bộ khuếch đại (âm ly)
l booster battery n. additional
battery connected in series to
give added power for starting:
Ắc-quy được mắc nối tiếp để khởi
động
l booster cable = n. jump lead:
Dây nối ắc-quy
l booster coil n. addition coil which
increase the strength of the
spark: Cuộn dây bôbine phụ (để
tăng điện áp đánh lửa)
l boost gauge n. instrument
indicated boost pressure: Thiết bị
đo áp suất tăng áp
l boost pressure n. pressure
53
boot
in the intake system of the
superchargered engines when
the superchargered operates: Áp
suất tăng áp
l boost sensor n. sensor located
in the choke tube which sends a
signal to the ignition control unit
according to pressure conditions,
and the control unit then adjusts
the ignition timing for optimum
performance: Cảm biến đo áp
suất tại bướm ga
l boost valve n. valve in a hydraulic
system which amplifies pressure:
Van tăng áp (trong hệ thống thủy
lực)
boot n. (a) separate area for lugguage
behind the rear seats and mostly
behind the rear window, or below
the rear window in the case of
fastback designs, with a hinged
cover: Ngăn hành lý (ca-pô sau)
(b) = dust boot: Vỏ chắn bụi, vỏ chụp
(c) = wheel clamp: Cái kẹp bánh xe.
l booted version n. subsequent
saloon version with boot of a
model originally launch as a
hatchback: Ngăn hành lý riêng
biệt
l boot handle n. handle for opening
the bootlid: Tay cầm mở ngăn
hành lý (ca-pô sau)
54
botch
l bootlid n. hinged cover for the
boot: Nắp ngăn hành lí phía sau
bore 1 n. (a) diameter of a cylinder,
especially of a cylinder in an
internal combustion engine:
Đường kính xi-lanh động cơ
(b) internal wall of a cylinder: Vách
xi-lanh
2 v. to bore and stroke an engine =
to increase the bore and stroke of
an engine: Làm tăng đường kính
và khoảng chạy của pít-tông
l to bore out an engine = to
increase the bore of an engine:
Tăng đường kính xi-lanh, xoáy
xi-lanh, lên cốt
l bore per stroke ratio n. relation of
the piston stroke to the diameter
of the cylinder of an engine,
which provides information as
to whether the engine is a short
stroke or a long stroke unit: Tỉ số
giữa khoảng chạy và đường kính
xi-lanh
bossing mallet n. mallet with a pear-
shaped wooden head commonly
used for shaping and stretching
metal over a sandbag or wooden
block: Cái vồ đầu lồi
botch 1 n. very badly executed
piece of work: Sự làm hỏng, sự
làm vụng về
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
bottle jack
2 v. to do (a piece of work) very
badly: Làm hỏng, làm vụng về.
l botched-up job = (informal) very
badly executed repair which is
unlikely to last very long: Sửa
chữa quá tồi
bottle jack n. small hydraulic jack
in the shape of a bottle: Con đội
hình chai
l bottleneck n. narrow stretch of
road, or point on a road where
traffic is held up: Chỗ đường hẹp
dễ bị tắc nghẽn
bottom 1 a. lower or lowest: Thấp
nhất 2 n. lowest point: Phần đáy,
dưới cùng
3 v. (a) (of suspension) to reach the
bottom end of its travel causing a
jolt: Đạt đến điểm cuối (hệ thống
treo)
(b) (of a low part of vehicle) to make
contact with the ground: Điểm
tiếp xúc với mặt đường
l bottom dead centre (BDC) (1) n.
lowest point of travel of the piston
in a (vertical) piston-operated
combustion engine, from which
the piston starts to move up-
wards again until it reaches the
upper point of travel (top dead
center): Điểm chết dưới
(2 example) the inlet valve closes
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
bottom tank
600 after bottom dead centre =
the inlet valve closes 600 after
the piston’s lowest point: Van nạp
đóng sau điểm chết dưới 600
(3 example) opposite to the top
dead centre, the corresponding
point (to BDC) in a horizontally
opposed or ‘flat’ engine is that
furthest from the combustion
chamber, also called outer dead
centre: Đối diện với điểm chết
trên, tương ứng với BDC và cũng
gọi là outer dead centre
l bottom end n. (a) all moving
part in the crankcase and their
bearings, or more narrowly,
the end of the connecting rod
attached to the crankshaft (the
big end): Đầu to thanh truyền
(b) lower range of engine revolutions:
Vùng tốc độ thấp của động cơ
l bottom end torque = pulling
power at low engine speed: Mô-
men xoắn tại tốc độ thấp
l bottom gear n. first gear: Số một
l bottoming n. contact between a low
part of a vehicle and the ground:
Điểm tiếp xúc với mặt đường
bottom tank n. bottom radiator tank
in a thermosyphon water-cooling
system: Thùng chứa dưới (của
bộ tản nhiệt)
55
bounce
bounce v. (a) (of valves or contact
breaker points) to chatter or
bounce instead of closing
properly at high speeds: Nảy lên,
bật lên
(b) to put down and release a conner
of a vehicle : Sự hạ xuống và bật
lên của một góc xe
bowden cable n. control cable
consisting of a wire cable in
a sheath, especially used for
choke, clutch, and accelerator
cables: Cáp điều khiển
bowser n. tanker for refuelling
especially military vehicles and
aircraft: Thùng tiếp tế nhiên liệu
box n. = silencer: Hộp giảm thanh
l box spanner n. spanner in the
form of a tube with one or two
hexagonal socket ends for fitting
over nuts and bolt heads, and
with holes in the sides to accept
crossbar called a tommy bar:
Ống tuýp
l box van n. van with a large
square-sectioned enclosed area
for goods behind the driver’s cab:
Xe có thùng chứa hàng hóa
l box wrench n. Khóa vòng.
B-pillar or B-post n. upright member
behind the front door supporting
the roof and carrying the striker
56
brake
plate for the front door and, in
the case of four-door models, the
hinges for the rear door: Trụ giữa
ở khung cửa xe
brace n. part providing support or
reinforcement between two or
more components: Giá, khung,
trụ chống, thanh giằng
l bracing n. (a) stiffening by mean
of braces: Sự gia cố
(b) brace; part used to provide of
support: Thanh giằng
bracket n. support usually made from
metal strip for a part carried on or
suspended from a vehicle, such
as a fog lamp or exhaust system:
Giá đỡ, dầm công xôn
braided hose n. usually rubber
pipe covered in woven material
or braided wire, for fuel lines or
brake hoses: Ống được bọc bố
brake 1 n. (1) mechanism for slowing
or stopping a vehicle in motion, or
for holding it when standing still:
Cơ cấu phanh, phanh
(2) device for measuring the power
of an engine: Thiết bị đo công
suất động cơ
(3) = shooting brake: Phanh bị đâm
(d) to put on or apply the brakes = to
brake: Đạp phanh
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
brake adjuster
(4) to stand on the brakes = to brake
hard: Kẹt phanh
l to test an engine on the brake =
to find out how much power an
engine develops: Đo công suất
động cơ
l dynamometer = the device is
used to test an engine: Thiết bị
đo công suất động cơ
l brake adjuster n. device in a
drum brake system for moving
the shoes in relation to the drum:
Cơ cấu điều chỉnh phanh (phanh
trống)
l brake adjusting spanner = special
spanner with a square cutout to fit
over a square adjuster projecting
from the brake backplate. In US
English, which is brake wrench:
Khóa điều chỉnh phanh
l brake adjusting tool = lever-tyre
tool used on drum brakes with
star wheel adjustment, which fits
through a slot in the backplate to
turn the star wheel and adjust the
clearnce between the brake shoe
and the drum: Dụng cụ điều chỉnh
phanh
l brake band n. device used to hold
one of the three turning members
of the planetary gear set in an
automatic gearbox stationary in
order to change gear ratios, being
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
brake dive
replaced in more modern designs
and multiple-disc clutches: Đai
phanh
l brake bleeder n. workshop
equipment used to bleed air from
hydraulic brake, clutch or steering
system on vehicles: Dụng cụ xả
gió phanh
l brake cable n. wire cable used
to operate the brakes in some
mechanical brake systems,
still used for trailers and for the
handbrake on most cars: Dây cáp
phanh
l brake caliper n. assembly in a disc
brake system fitting over the disc
and containing the piston which
acts on the brake pads, which in
turn presses on the disc: Bộ kẹp
phanh
l brake cylinder n. = wheel cylinder:
Xi-lanh phanh
l brake disc = A flat metal disc in
a disc brake system, mounted on
a wheel hub and rotating with the
wheel until acted on by the brake
pads. In US English, it is known
as disc brake rotor: Đĩa phanh
l brake dive n. dipping of a car’s
front end or lifting of the rear
end, opposite is squat. When the
brakes are applies, due to a load
57
brake drum
transfer from the rear to the front
suspension: Sự chúi đầu xe khi
phanh
l brake drum n. metal drum
mounted on a car hub to from the
outer shell of the brake, against
which the brake shoes press to
slow or stop rotation of the drum
and wheel: Trống phanh
l brake fade n. loss of friction in the
brakes and thus stopping power
due to overheating: Sự trượt
phanh (do quá nhiệt)
l brake failure n. complete failure
of the brakes to function: Hư
hỏng phanh
brake fluid n. special thin oil used
in hydraulic brake systems to
transmit force through a closed
system of pipes (i.e. brake lines):
Dầu phanh
l brake fluid reservoir = usually a
translucent plastic tank located
either directly on top of the
master cylinder or on a higher
lever for easier access, which
contains two chambers in dual-
circuit braking systems, and may
include a lever sensor: Bình dầu
phanh
brake horsepower n. power developed
by an engine which is measured
by a brake or dynamometer; often
58
brake mean effective pressure
abbreviated as bhp: Công suất
động cơ
l brake hose n. flexible, reinforced
high-pressure hose, used to
connect the fixed brake pipes to
the brake assemblies that move
up and down with the wheels:
Ống dẫn dầu phanh
l brake light n. a red rear light,
which is also called stop light,
activated when the foot brake is
applied; usually integrated in a
tail light assembly: Đèn phanh
l brake lining n. (1) A couple of
plates is curved strip of friction
material usually containing
asbestos attached to a brake
shoe: Bố phanh
(2) Brake linings are attached to the
brake shoes with rivets or glued
on with adhesive: Bố phanh được
tán ri-vê hoặc dán
l brake mean effective pressure
(BMEP) n. average pressure in
the cylinders of an engine divided
by its mechanical efficiency, i.e.
the ratio of the power actually
delivered at an output shaft to
power developed in the cylinders;
used as an indication of torque:
Áp suất (tỉ lệ giữa công suất ở
trục ra bánh xe và công suất phát
ra từ xi-lanh) hiệu quả trung bình
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
brake pad brake warning light

l brake pad n. pad of friction l brake rotor n. US = brake disc:

material on a steel plate that is đĩa phanh.
brought into contact with the disc
l brake servo (unit ) n. apparatus
under heavy pressure in a disc
which supplement the driver’s
brake: Bố phanh
physical effort in providing most
l brake pad wear indicator = either of the force required for braking,
a mechanical system which usually using vacuum from the
produces screeching, squealing, inlet manifold: Bộ trợ lực phanh
or scraping noise when the pads
l brake shoe n. curved part
are worn, as the metal indicators
in drum brake systems with
contact the brake discs, or an
T-shaped cross section, made of
electrical system in which worn
sheet steel or an alloy casting, to
pads close an electric circuit that
which the brake lining is riveted
illuminates a warning light on the
or bonded with adhesive. The
instrument panel: Thiết bị báo
term brake shoe is often used
mòn phanh
for the complete shoe-and-lining
l brake pedal n. pedal on the floor assembly: Guốc phanh
of a vehicle in front of the driver
l brake shoe return spring = spring
which operates the brake: Bàn
whose ends are attached to two
đạp phanh
brake shoes, bringing them back
l spongy brake pedal = lack of into the off position after the
normal resistance when the pedal brake has been applied: Lò xo
is pressed often due to air in the guốc phanh
hydraulic system: Bàn đạp phanh
l brake test n. test of braking
bị trôi.
efficiency, typically as part of a
l brake panel travel = free roadworthiness test: Kiểm tra
movement of the brake pedal hiệu quả phanh
before resistance is felt: Độ rơ
l brake warning light n. light which
bàn đạp phanh
can serve several purposes, such
l brake pulling n. pulling to left or as indicating a low fluid lever
right as a result of uneven braking in the brake fluid reservoir, a
effort: Phanh bị đâm (sang trái malfunction in one of two separate
hoặc sang phải) braking circuits, executive wear

Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô 59

braking
of brake pads or linings, or when
the handbrake is applied with the
ignition switch on: Đèn báo phanh
l brake wrench n. US = brake
adjusting spanner: Khóa điều
chỉnh phanh
braking n. operation or functioning
of the brake: Sự phanh
l braking distance = distance
required for a vehicle to come
to rest from the point where the
brakes are first applied: Quãng
đường phanh
l braking effort or force = retarding
power of a brake or brakes: Lực
phanh
l braking performance = behaviour
of the brakes when operated or
amount of braking effort available:
Đặc tính phanh
l braking ratio = distribution of
braking effort between the front
and rear wheels: Phân bố lực
phanh giữa bánh trước và sau
l braking system = complete set
of braking equipment: Hệ thống
phanh
brass punch n. brass tool used to
drive bearing races, bushes, etc.
in and out: Ống lót
braze v. to join two metal surfaces
by fusing a layer of brass or high-
60
break down
melting solder between them:
Hàn bằng hợp kim đồng
break v. (a) to separate into several
parts: Rã (máy)
(b) to separate: Tách ra
l to break (up) a car for spare parts
= to dismantle a car into pieces
so that the part can be used to
repair
other cars: Rã chiếc xe ra thành
những bộ phận
l point break 50 before TDC = the
contact breaker points open (and
the spark occurs) 50 before top
dead centre: Vít lửa mở ra trước
điểm chết trên 50
break away v. (of a vehicle) to leave
the desired line of travel due to
loss of adhesion, especially when
cornering: Trượt ngang khi quay
vòng
break down v. (a) (of a mechanism
or vehicle) to cease to operate:
Hỏng, hư
(b) (of insulation) to lose its
effectiveness: Mất hiệu quả
l breakdown n. (a) failure of a
mechanism or a vehicle: Sự hỏng
hóc (máy móc hoặc xe cộ)
(b) loss of effectiveness (insulation):
Mất hiệu quả.
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
breaker
l breakdown across the sparking
plug insulator cause missing =
if the insulation of the sparking
plug becomes faulty, that
cylinder will stop firing or fire only
intermittently: Sứ cách điện của
bu-gi hỏng làm mất lửa.
l breakdown recovery (service) n.
towing or transporting broken-
down vehicles to a garage for
repair or the owner’s home: Kéo
xe hư về sửa chữa
l breakdown truck = vehicle
equipped for towing or sometime
transporting disabled vehicles:
Xe chuyên dụng để kéo các xe
hỏng hóc
breaker n. (a) person who breaks
up cars and sometimes other
vehicles which are worn out or
no longer roadworthy and will sell
any reusable parts: Thợ rã xe để
bán phụ tùng
(b) = contact breaker: Vít lửa, công
tắc tiếp điểm
l break-triggered transistorized
ignition (system) = transistorized
ignition system whose distributor is
the same as that of a coil ignition
system, but whose contact breaker
switch only the control current;
usually not fitted as original
equipment: Hệ thống đánh lửa bán
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
break time
dẫn có vít điều khiển
breaker cam n. cam that turns on
the distributor shaft and has as
many lobes as there are engine
cylinders: Cam vít lửa
l breakerless a. having no contact
breaker: Không có vít lửa
l breakerless distributor =
distributor in an electronic ignition
system with a pulse generator
instead of a contact breaker: Bộ
chia điện không có vít lửa
l breakerless transistorized ignition
(system) = electronic ignition
system with a pulse generator
such as a magnetic or Hall effect
pick-up instead of a contact
breaker, processing the signals
generator in an electronic control
unit: Hệ thống đánh lửa bán dẫn
không có vít lửa (tiếp điểm)
break in v. In US English, it is run in:
Chạy thử động cơ còn mới
breakover n. area of a dent in a
panel where the sheet metal is
actually buckled into the opposite
direction of the normal shape:
Chỗ mốp, thụng
break time n. period during which
the contact breaker points remain
open, opposite is dwell period:
Thời gian vít mở
61
break up
break up v. to dismantle a vehicle
and sell the parts. US English=
part out : Tháo rã (xe)
breathalyse or breathalyze v. to give
(a driver) a breathalyser test:
Kiểm tra lượng rượu đã uống qua
hơi thở
l breathalyser or breathalyzer n.
device into which a driver blows
to determine the amount of
alcohol in his breath (and thus in
his blood): Thiết bị kiểm tra lượng
rượu đã uống qua hơi thở
l breathalyser or breathalyzer test
= test given by the police to find
out how much alcohol a driver
has drunk: Kiểm tra lượng rượu
đã uống
breather n. passage to the open
air from an enclosed space,
especially the crankcase, to
provide ventilation: Ống thông
hơi (các-te)
bridge igniter n. device for detonation
the air bag: Kíp nổ túi khí
bright a. (of finish or plating) shiny
and reflecting much light, it is
opposite to matt. : Sáng chói
brinell harness n. hardness measured
in a test by hydraulically pressing
a hard ball under standard load
into the specimen: Độ cứng
Brinell
62
buckle
brush n. (a) paint brush: Cọ, chổi sơn
(b) rubbing electrical contact for use
with rotating members, especially
commutator in starters, alternators
or generators: Chổi than
l brush holder = in a starter motor,
generator or alternator the part
holding the carbon brushes and
providing guidance for the spring
loaded brushes to maintain their
contact with the commutator or
slip ring: Đế chổi than
l brush spring = spring holding a
carbon brush in contact with the
commutator or slip ring: Lò xo
chổi than
BSF = British Standard Fine
l BSI = British Standards institution
BTDC = Before Top Dead Centre:
Trước điểm chết trên
B thread n. = internal thread: Ren
trong
bubble n. small blister in the paintwork:
Chỗ rộp sơn (nhỏ)
bucket seat n. rigid seat with
slightly raised sides to give
the passenger or driver lateral
support; mainly used in sports
cars: Ghế cố định
buckle n. locking metal clasp of a
seat belt: Khóa gài dây đai an
toàn
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
buffeting
l buckle up v. belt up: Khóa đai an
toàn
buffeting n. sort of severe, pulsating
draught as experienced when
driving at high speeds with the
windows open, or in convertibles
with the top down: Sự rung lắc
buffing n. smoothing and polishing of
a surface by means of a rotating
flexible wheel to the surface of
which fine, abrasive particles are
applied in liquid or past form: Sự
đánh bóng
build quality n. quality of workmanship
and materials in the construction
of a vehicle: Chất lượng lắp ráp
l built-up crankshaft = crankshaft
made from separate parts rather
than cast or forged in one piece:
Trục khuỷu ghép
bulb n. gas-filled, glass envelope
(often pear-shaped if not actually
pear-sized) containing a thin
metal filament which lights up
when an electric current is passed
through: Bóng đèn
l bulb blackening = blackening
of the bulb glass due to metal
vapour deposition, often indicator
that the
bulb is about to fail: Bóng đèn bị cháy
l bulb holder = usually a bayonet
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
bumper
socket for a lighter bulb. In
US English, it is lamp socket:
Chuôi đèn
bulkhead n. panel at the rear of
the engine compartment that
spans the full width of the body
and extends vertically from the
scuttle down to the front edge
of the floorpan or the toeboard;
also used for the panel behind
the rear seat separating the
passenger cabin from the boot.
In US English, it is dash panel:
Vách ngăn
bull bar n. upward extension of a
bumper to protect lights and (at
the front of the car) the grille:
Thanh cản
bump and rebound n. the two
stages of suspension movement
requiring damping: Hai trạng thái
chuyển động của hệ thống treo
chạm xuống và nảy lên
bumper n. previously a separate metal
bar or blade at the front or rear of
a vehicle, now a reinforced impact-
absorbing plastic moulding faired
in to the bodywork and absorbing
impacts, at least at low speeds: Cái
cản, cái chắn xe
l bumper bar = usually tubular or
curved section separate bumper:
Thanh chắn xe
63
bumping out
l bumper bracket = mounting
bracket for the bumper assembly,
fixed to the body or chassis, now
often designed to give way to a
certain extent on impact: Cái giá
thanh chắn
l bumper iron = bumper bracket:
Cái giá thanh chắn
bumping out n. first step in the
panel beating process, in which
the panel is roughly brought back
into shape with a straightening
hammer: Gò thô (làm đồng)
l bumping hammer = hammer for
coarse hammer work on bodies,
Used with dollies: Búa gò
bump start n. method of starting
a car with a flat battery, by
pushing it or letting it run down a
hill and then letting in the clutch
in second gear, only possible on
a car with a manual gearbox:
Khởi động bằng cách đẩy hoặc
cho xe xuống dốc rồi cài số 2 khi
ắc-quy bị hết điện
l bump steer n. effect observed
when the movement of the
suspension caused by hitting a
bump or hole in the road acts on
the steering to turn the wheels
slightly sideways, which makes
the car veer to one side ; this can
be felt by the steering wheel: Sự
64
bus
nghiêng tay lái khi gặp ổ gà
l bump stop n. rubber buffer
which limits the extent a vehicle
suspension can move on hitting a
bump: Cái giảm va đập bằng cao
su trên nhún
burning n. (a) erosion or eating away,
especially of contact breaker or
sparking plug points or exhaust
valves: Sự bào mòn
(b) = combustion: Sự cháy
burnishing n. polishing process for
metal, usually a fine abrasive on
a buffing wheel: Sự đánh bóng
(kim loại)
burnt a. (of points or valves) eroded
or eaten away: Bị bào mòn
burr n. rough edge or other small
projection on metal: Gờ, rìa
l burr walnut n. wood veneer
used for dashboards and door
cappings in luxury cars: Dầu
đánh bóng gỗ trang trí trên các
xe sang trọng
burst v. (of tyre) to explode and
lose all its air very suddenly: Sự
nổ vỏ xe
bus n. (clipped form of omnibus)
vehicle for carrying a fairly large
number of passengers, usually for
payment, over a set route and with
a fixed time schedule: Xe buýt
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
busbar
l single-decker bus = bus with one
story or deck: Xe buýt một tầng
l double-decker bus = bus with two
storeys or decks: Xe buýt hai tầng.
busbar n. rod or other electrical
conductor carrying a large
current at a constant voltage and
connecting several circuits: Dây
điện với dòng lớn và điện áp
không đổi (dây cáp điện)
bus or US busing n. thin metal sleeve
fitted into a circular hole and acting
as a bearing for a shaft or similar
inserted into it: Sơ mi, ống lót, bạc
butterfly nut n. = wing nut: Đai ốc có
cánh (ốc bướm)
l butterfly (valve) n. throttle valve in
a tube, especially a carburettor air
intake, comprising a disc pivoted
along its diameter: Bướm ga
butt joint or weld n. welded joint
where the panels or other parts
are joined and not overlapped:
Mối hàn
button head n. = round head (bolt):
Bu-lông đầu tròn
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
bypass
bypass 1 n. (a) road going round
and thus avoiding a town or other
congested area: Đường vòng
(b) means such as a passage
through which the flow of a liquid
or gas is redirected in place
of its original or main course:
Đường tắt
2 v. to go round (an object) so as to
avoid it: Đi vòng, lối rẽ
l bypass air screw n. screw on the
airflow sensor of a fuel injection
system, for adjusting the amount
of air in the mixture: Vít chỉnh hỗn
hợp (trên bộ đo gió)
l bypass filter n. type of oil filter
through which only part of the total
lubricant passes (approximately
10-20 %), while the rest is being
supplied directly to the lubricating
points: Bộ lọc rẽ
l bypass valve n. valve, when
openned, directs the flow of a
liquid or gas through a bypass;
such as the wastegate in the
exhaust of a turbocharger system:
Van rẽ, van xả
65
C cable
Cc
C (a) (short of) celsius or centigrade:
Độ bách phân
(b) = coulomb: cu-lông (đơn vị đo
điện tích)
(c) = comfort: Sự tiện nghi
l c-4 system n. = computer
controlled catalytic converter: Bộ
xúc tác (hoá khử khí thải) điều
khiển bằng máy tính
cab n. (a) = taxi (cab ): Xe taxi
(b) enclosed part at the front of a
commercial vehicle for the driver
and passenger(s): Khoan tài xế
và hành khách của xe tải
l cabin n. = passenger
compartment: Khoang hành khách
l cabin forward design = passenger
car design with a relatively short
front end, and footwells extending
up to the front axle, providing
added passenger space: Thiết kế
xe để cabin rộng
66
cable n. (a) assembly of insulated
electrical conductors, usually
wires, laid together, often around
a central core and surrounded
by a heavy insulation, for heavy
duty applications such as battery
cables: Dây cáp, dây điện to
(b) assembly of wire strands twisted
together used for a pulling or
sometimes a pushing or twisting
action, either without a sheath
( as in some brake cables), or
with a sheath as in control cables
and drives such as speedometer
cables: Cáp bện, dây cáp mềm
l cable clamp = device for connecting
cable to their terminals, especially
battery cables to the terminal
posts: Đầu kẹp cáp
l cable clamps should be tightened
on the terminal posts and free of
corrocable covering = outer layer,
now nearly always of plastic,
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
CACIS
serving as electrical insulation
for cables: Đầu dây cáp phải
được siết chặt trên cọc ắc-quy và
không bị phủ bởi gỉ chì
l cable brake = mechanical
brake operated by levers and
a cable, either unsheathe or a
bowden type, now only used for
a handbrake or on a trailer: Dây
cáp phanh
l cable guide = tube section bolted
or spot-welded to a part of the
body such as the floor pan for
routing an operating cable, e.g.
for a bonnet release: Ống dẫn
hướng dây cáp
l cable-operated = brought into
operation by a cable: Hoạt động
nhờ cáp kéo
l cabriolet n. convertible with a soft
top and windows, usually a four-
seater: Xe mui trần
CACIS = Continuous AC Ignition
System: Hệ thống đánh lửa xoay
chiều liên tục
CAD = Computer-Aided Design:
Thiết kế nhờ máy tính
cadence braking n. emergency
braking method in which the
driver rapidly depresses and
release the brake pedal: Sự nhịp
phanh khi phanh khẩn cấp
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
cam
cadmium-plated a. covered in a
coating of cadmium: Mạ cadimi
CAE = Computer-Aided Engineering:
Kỹ thuật với sự hỗ trợ của máy
tính
l CAL = Computer-Aided Lighting:
Hệ thống chiếu sáng với sự hỗ
trợ của máy tính
calibration n. marking the measuring
units on an instrument or checking
their accuracy: Sự định cỡ, hiệu
chỉnh, cân chỉnh
caliper or calliper n. (a) measuring
tool with two legs usually
mounted in a slide on a
measuring bar, for internal and
external measurement; some
designs allow depth and step
measurement as well; the
different types include vernier
calipers, dial calipers, or digital
calipers: Thước kẹp
(b) = brake caliper: Bộ kẹp phanh đĩa
caliper frame = casting that holds
the brake caliper, either directly
bolted to the suspension or to an
adapter: mâm phanh
l caliper gauge n. = caliper: Thước
kẹp
cam n. (a) rotating part with a
projection or projections (called
lobes) used to push another part at
67
cam angle
precisely defined intervals: Cam
(b) (informal for) camshaft: Trục cam
l twin cam engine = engine with
two camshafts: Động cơ có hai
cam
l cam angle n. = dwell: Góc ngậm
l cam belt n. = timing belt: Dây đai
(curoa) cam
l cam chain n. = timing chain:
Xích cam
l cam design n. = cam
profile: Bin dạng cam
l cam face n. surface of a cam: Bề
mặt cam
l measure the cam face from nose
to heel = measure the cam’s
surface from the highest point
to the lowest: Đo bề mặt cam
từ điểm cao nhất đến điểm thấp
nhất
l cam follower n. (a) part of the
valve stem-possibly equipped with
a roller mechanism-in a manner
to prevent lateral forces acting on
either the pushrod or valve stem:
bánh xe tiếp xúc với cam
(b) = tappet: Con đội
l cam heel n. lowest point of a
cam opposite the lobe. It is also
called base circle: Đế cam
68
camber
l cam lobe n. projecting part of a
cam which pushes an a pushrod,
valve stem, or follower, etc.: Vấu
cam
l cam lubricator n. device, often in
the from of a wick, for lubricating
the contact breaker cam in the
distributor: Bấc bôi trơn cam
(trong bộ chia điện)
l cam profile n. exact shape of the
cam face which determines the
rate and extent of valve lift, i.e.
how fast and how far the valve
opens, and all other aspects
of valve behaviour during the
opening and closing process: Bin
dạng cam
l cam roller n. rotating wheel
acting as a cam follower: Bánh xe
quay tiếp xúc với cam
camber n. (a) angle formed by
the plane of the wheel to the
perpendicular as viewed from
the front: Góc nghiêng của bánh
xe khi nhìn hướng vuông góc từ
phía trước, góc camber
(b) slightly arched contour of a road
or other surface: Sự vồng lên,
chỗ lồi lên
(c) curvature of a leaf spring: Độ
cong của nhíp xe
l positive camber = wheel leaning
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
camper
outwards at the top: Góc camber
dương (bánh xe có khuynh hướng
ngả ra ngoài) khi nhìn từ trên
l negative camber: Góc camber âm
camper n. motorized caravan, with
a body in appearance like a van,
built on a small to medium-sized
commercial vehicle chassis and
offering sleeping, cooking and
other facilities: Xe kiểu nhà lưu
động
l camping trailer n. (a) trailer
containing camping equipment
or fitted with a tent which can
erected on arrival at the desired
camping site: Toa moóc theo nhà
lưu động
(b) US = caravan: Xe lớn dùng làm
nhà lưu động
camshaft n. shaft carrying the cams
which operate the valves usually
of a four-stroke engine and rotate
at half engine speed: Trục cam,
cốt cam
l camshaft bearing = bearing
(usually a plain bearing) which
supports the camshaft: Bạc lót
trục cam
l camshaft drive = connection
between crankshaft and camshaft
– either via gears, chain, drive
belt, shaft or eccentric shaft – that
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
camshaft sprocket
ensures the require speed ratio
of 1:2: Sự truyền động cam (qua
trục khuỷu)
l camshaft drive belt = timing belt:
Đai (curoa) truyền động trục cam
l camshaft drive sprocket
= sprocket mounted on the
crankshaft to drive the camshaft
via the timing chain: Bánh xích
trên cốt máy trong truyền động
trục cam bằng xích
l camshaft end play = free lateral
movement of the camshaft: Khe
hở dọc của trục cam
l camshaft housing = housing
for one of the camshaft of a
twin overhead camshaft engine
mounted on top of the cylinder
head, and containing the
camshaft and usually also the
tappets: Nắp trục cam
l camshaft journal = part of the
camshaft running in one of its
bearings: Cổ trục cam
l camshaft pulley = pulley on
the end of the camshaft for the
camshaft drive belt: Puli cam
l camshaft sprocket = sprocket
mounted on the camshaft driven
by the timing chain which in turn
driven by the crankshaft: Bánh
xích (nhông) trên trục cam
69
can
can n. tube in a canned motor
pump which insulates the motor
winding: Bình nhỏ
candela n. basic unit of luminous
intensity: Đơn vị đo cường độ
ánh sáng
candy paint job n. (informal US)
custom paintwork using a
transparent colour medium
applied over the base coat, which
adds translucence and richness
to the paint, especially all shades
of red: Lớp sơn làm bóng
cannibalize v. to take parts from a
vehicle to fix or repair another
vehicle: Đổi phụ tùng (lấy từ xe này
gắn qua xe khác)
cantilever spring n. (a) leaf spring
mounted upside down and fixed
to the vehicle at its mid-point,
(now obsolete): Nhíp ngược
(xe cũ)
(b) quarter elliptic leaf spring: Nhíp
dạng một phần tư elip
cantrail n. = roof rail: Thanh đỡ mui
xe
canvas top n. us soft top for an
open car, especially one made of
a natural fabric: Mui bằng vải bạt
cap n. (a) protective cover, usually
round and can be screwed or
twisted on, e.g. radiator cap,
70
capacity
petrol cap: Cái nắp đậy (thùng
xăng, két nước)
(b) base of a light bulb which fits into
the socket: Đuôi đèn
capacitor n. assembly of one or more
pairs of conductors separated by
insulators, able to store an electric
change where there is a voltage
difference: Tụ điện
l Capacitor Discharge Ignition (CDI)
(system) = electronic ignition
system whose ignition energy
is store in the electrical field of
a capacitor, which discharge via
the ignition transformer when
a thyristor is triggered at the
ignition point: Hệ thống đánh lửa
điện dung (bằng tụ)
capacity n. (a) amount which can
be contained in a container such
as a fuel tank, sump, radiator,
etc. and by extension the swept
volume of an engine: Dung tích
(b) output of an electric motor or
other electrical apparatus: Công
suất đầu ra của thiết bị điện
(c) volume of fluid handle through
a pump, usually in gallons per
minute: Lưu lượng tính bằng thể
tích (của bơm)
l capacity rating n.= rated capacity:
Dung lượng định mức của ắc-quy
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
capillary
capillary (tube) n. tube with a very
small bore used for temperature
gauges: Ống mao dẫn
cap nut n. nut whose outer end is
closed, covering the thread: Đai
ốc một đầu bịt
capping n. see door capping:
Miếng roong cửa
capstan screw n. screw with a round
head with a hole or holes passing
through it, into which a tommy
bar is inserted for tightening or
loosening: Đinh ốc có lỗ nối cần
siết
capstat n. wax-type thermostat
at the base of the jet of a SU
carburetor, which expands and
reduces fuel flow when the under
bonnet temperature rises: Bộ
điều chỉnh nhiên liệu theo nhiệt
độ bằng sáp
captive a. permanently located in
the desired position: Cố định, bắt
chặt (vào vị trí mong muốn)
l bolt with captive plain washer =
bolt with a plain washer trapped
under its head: Bu-lông với vòng
đệm giữ chặt đầu
captive nut = nut insert in a sheet
metal cage spot-welded to the
body in an inaccessible position,
so that the item fixed to it can
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
car
easily be removed: Đai ốc cố định
(hàn vào khung)
car n. (a) us = tramcar: Xe ô tô
(b) = passenger car: Xe du lịch
l car accident = car crash: Tai nạn
xe hơi
l car alarm (system) = alarm
system: hệ thống báo động trên
xe hơi.
l car banger = (informal ) person
or organization that fakes car
accident and repair bills in order
to get the repair money from
insurance companies: Người
ngụy tạo tai nạn xe cộ (lấy bảo
hiểm)
l car banging = (informal) insurance
fraud involving fake car accidents
and repair bills: Sự giả mạo tai
nạn xe cộ để lấy tiền bảo hiểm
l car blind = blind for the rear
window to prevent dazzle from
following vehicles’ head–lights:
Màn che chống chói phía sau xe
l car burglar = person who steals
things from cars: Kẻ trộm đồ từ
xe hơi
l car cap = waterproof cover for the
roof, windscreen and windows:
Tấm che xe
l car care products = products for
71
car cover
cleaning, polishing and preserving
especially the bodywork and
interior: Các sản phẩm chăm sóc
xe (lau chùi, đánh bóng)
l car cover = cover shaped to
fit a car, usually waterproof for
outdoors use, or for protection
against dust and condensation
during storage: Tấm bọc xe
l car crash see crash: Tai nạn xe
hơi
l car insurance = motor insurance:
Bảo hiểm xe hơi
l car key = key for the ignition,
boot, doors or petrol cap, etc.:
Chìa khóa xe
l car park = area or building where
cars may be parked: Bãi đậu xe
l car phone = cellular telephone
installed in a car: Điện thoại trong
xe
l car polish = polish for the exterior
paintwork of a car: Sự đánh bóng
xe
l car sponge = large sponge for
washing a car: Xốp lau xe
l car stereo = combination of a
stereo radio with a cassette
player or sometimes with a cd
player, for use in a car: Hệ thống
âm thanh xe.
72
caravan
l car tax = tax add to the price of a
new car, or tax payable annually
or six-monthly for using a caron
the road: Thuế xe
l car test = road test: Kiểm tra
(thử) xe trên đường trường
l car theft n. stealing cars or
stealing items from cars: Sự ăn
cắp xe hoặc đồ vật trong xe
l car thief = person who steals
cars: Kẻ trộm xe
l car tyre = tyre suitable for a
passenger car: Vỏ xe
l car wash = (a) drive-in, automatic
facility for washing a car: Trạm
rửa xe tự động
(b) car cleaning agent for adding
to water, containing a detergent
and usually a wax: Chất phụ gia
để rửa xe
l car wax = non abrasive polish
containing wax for protecting a
car’s finish: Sáp đánh bóng xe
caravan n. mobile home especially
for recreational purpose, for
towing behind a car commercial
vehicle, usually with two wheels:
Nhà lưu động được kéo theo xe
(NOTE: US English = camping
trailer, mobile home)
l caravanning n. traveling with a
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
carb
caravan, usually as a holiday: Đi
du lịch với nhà lưu động
carb n. = carburettor: Bộ chế hòa
khí, bình xăng con
carbon n. (a) black material with
good electrical properties of
conductivity: Than chì
(b) deposit with forms in the
combustion chamber, on the
piston
crown and to a lesser extent in the
inlet and exhaust ports, resulting
form incomplete combustion
especially of oil: Muội than
l carbon black n. engineering
material, used as filler in plastic
mouldings and in tyres, where
it improves the mechanical
properties of tyre rubber and
produces, as a side effect, the
typical black colour: Mồ hóng
l carbon brush n. rubbing electrical
contact in the form of a carbon
block or rod which bears against
another member, such as a
commutator, collector ring or
slip ring, to provide passage for
an electric current, e.g. from an
external source to the armature
of a motor, as in a starter, or form
the rotor of an alternator via slip
rings to an external circuit: Chổi
than
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
complete failure
l carbon brush spring = brush
spring: Lò xo chổi than.
carbon build-up or deposits n.
residues of burnt oil deposited
in the combustion chamber, on
the piston top and elsewhere
in the course of the combustion
process: Muội than (bám trong
buồng đốt)
carbon-core leads n. ht or ignition
leads with a tiny diameter core
of carbon or graphite: Dây phin
than, dây cao áp với lõi cacbon
l carbon dioxide (CO­2) n.
colourless, odourless, non-toxic
gas, a natural constituent of the
atmosphere and a product of
breathing and some combustion
processes: Khí CO2
carbon fiber n. thin, light and very
strong fibre of pure carbon, used
as reinforcement with resins,
metal and other materials: Sợi
cacbon
carbon fouling n. blockings of the
points of a sparking plug by
carbon, often causing intermittent
firing or
complete failure: Sự đóng chấu bu-gi
l carbon knock n. type of engine
knock in internal combustion
engines, caused by uncontrolled
73
carburation
ignition as a result of carbon
deposits in the combustion
chamber, especially in old
engines: Sự rồ máy (kích nổ) vì
muội than
l carbon monoxide (CO) n.
poisonous but colourless
and odourless gas resulting
from incomplete oxidation or
combustion of carbon, which is
one of the three major pollutants
found in the exhaust of spark
ignition engines: Khí CO
l carbon pin n. spindle-shaped
carbon brush in the centre of the
distributor cap, bearing on the
centre of the contact breaker
arm: Chốt than trong nắp bộ
chia điện
l carbon tracking n. formatting of
a leakage path for current, e.g.
inside the distributor cap, where
there are carbon deposits: Rãnh
rò điện cao áp
carburation or US = carburetion n.
mixture of fuel which has been
vaporized with air in the correct
proportions for combustion in an
internal combustion engine: Chế
hòa khí
l carburetion n. us = carburation
carburetor = carburettor: Bộ chế
hòa khí
74
carburettor
carburettor or carburetter or US
carburetor n. conventional,
mechanical device in the engine
fuel system, mixing fuel with air
to produce a combustible mixture
which is supplied to inlet manifold:
Bộ chế hòa khí
l carburettor barrel n. the main air
passage through the carburetor:
Lỗ gió chính
l carburettor engine n. engine fitted
with a carburettor as opposed to
fuel injection: Động cơ sử dụng
chế hòa khí
(NOTE: opposite meaning is fuel
injection engine)
l carburetor icing n. formation of
ice deposits in the carburettor
intake during very damp and
cool, but not freezing weather:
Sự đóng băng trong bộ chế hòa
khí
l carburettor throat or carburettor
venturi see venturi: Họng khuếch
tán bộ chế hòa khí
carburization n. process of
increasing the carbon content of
steel to produce a desired degree
of hardness, yielding high carbon
steel: Tăng hàm lượng cacbon
trong sản xuất thép
carcass n. basic of a tyre consisting
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
cardan joint
various plies of cord (made of
rayon, nylon, polyester or steel),
which are impregnanted with
rubber: Lớp bố (vỏ xe)
cardan joint n. most of common tyre
of a universal joint, in which two
yokes mounted on the two parts
to be coupled, usually a shaft
and a driving or driven member,
are connected with pivots to the
arm of a cross-shaped piece:
Khớp các-đăng
l cardan shaft n. shaft fitted with
universal joints at each end: Trục
các-đăng
cargo area n. us load area of an
estate car or pick-up truck: Vùng
chịu tải
carpeting n. carpet made to fit
the front and rear footwells, and
also the boot in better equipped
models: Thảm lót chân
carriage bolt n. mushroom-headed
bolt with a square neck which
holds it in position in a square
hole: Bu-lông thân xe (đầu hình
nấm, cổ vuông)
cart spring n. (informal) = leaf
spring: Nhíp xe, lò xo lá
carvac n. small, easily portable
vacuum cleaner that can be
plugged into the cigarette light of
a car: Máy hút bụi mini
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
cast iron
casing n. (a) cover passing all the
way round a piece of equipment,
such as an electric motor: Vỏ bọc
(b) tyre, especially in its basic
form before the tread has been
moulded on: Cạnh vỏ
cassette compartment n. built-in
cassette storage space: Ngăn
chứa cát-xét
l cassette player = unit for playing
audio cassettes, usually
incorporated in a stereo unit: Máy
cát-xét
cast 1 v. to produce (metal part) by
pouring molten metal into a sand
or metal mould: Đúc
2 a. produced by pouring molten
metal into sand or metal mould:
Được đúc
l cast-alloy wheel = one-piece
wheel, as oppesed to two–piece
and three–piece forged wheels,
produced using the low-pressure
die casting process, which
offers a great degree of design
flexibility as to the styling of the
wheel disc: Bánh xe với mâm đúc
l cast aluminium = aluminium alloy
made by pouring the molten
metal into a sand or metal mould:
hợp kim nhôm đúc.
cast iron n. iron with a high carbon
75
castle nut
content and also containing much
cementite or graphite, so that it is
unsuitable as wrought iron: Gang
castle nut or castellated nut n.
hexagon nut with slots cut in the
top of each face, two of which
are lined up with a hole in the bolt
or stud and a split pin inserted to
prevent loosening: Đai ốc có lỗ
để gài chốt
l castle section n. panel with fairly
shallow strengthening humps
that are, however, deeper than
normal stiffening ribs, e.g. in floor
pans featuring beaded or offset
areas: Phần gầm (thân xe)
l castor or us caster n. (a)
inclination or angle from the
vertical of the kingpin or steering
axis on the ground between the
extended vertical axis through
the wheel centre and the point
where the extended steering axis
would meet the ground. It is also
called castor angle: Góc nghiêng
tay lái, góc caster
(b) distance on the ground when
viewed from the side, between
the point of contact of the tyre
(which is also the extended
vertical axis through the wheel
centre) and the point where a line
through the inclined kingpin (or
the extended steering axis) would
76
catalyst
meet the ground. It is also called
castor offset, trail: Khoảng cách
giữa điểm tiếp xúc của vỏ xe và
đường kéo dài của trụ quay lái
trên mặt đất
l castor action n. self-centering
action resulting from castor which
springs the steered wheels back
to the straight ahead position:
Tác dụng của góc caster (tay lái
thẳng trở lại)
l castor angle n. = castor
l castor offset n. = castor
cat n. (informal) = catalytic converter:
Bộ xúc tác
catalyst n. (a) substance that
changes the rate of a chemical
reaction without itself being used
up; in a
catalytic converter the element
which reduces the toxicity of
the exhaust gases: Chất xúc tác
trong bộ khử khí thải
(b) special agent added to a plastic
body filler or resin or two-pack
paint to speed up the setting
process of the basic material
applied: Chất xúc tác làm hình
thành nhanh lớp sơn lót
l catalyst bed n. layer of catalyst-
coated material such as pellets
or ceramic in a catalytic converter
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
catalyst charge
through which the gases pass:
Lớp xúc tác
l catalyst charge n. catalyst-coated
materials such as pellets or
ceramic in a catalytic converter:
Khung phủ chất xúc tác
l catalyst coating n. = catalytic
layer: Lớp xúc tác
l catalyst container n. = converter
housing: Vỏ bộ xúc tác
l catalyst contamination n. loss
of catalytic efficiency caused by
contaminating deposits: Sự làm
bẩn chất xúc tác
l catalyst degradation or
deterioration n. loss of catalytic
efficiency: Sự mất tác dụng xúc tác
l catalyst efficiency n. : Hiệu quả
xúc tác
l catalyst indicator n. indicator
light in the instrument panel
that illuminates after a certain
mileage, e.g. after 25,000 miles,
to remind the driver that the
catalytic converter should be
replaced; some older designs
used a mechanical signal: Đèn
báo thay bộ xúc tác
l catalyst substrate or support
n. base material carrying the
catalytic layer or coating: Sườn
đỡ chất xúc tác
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
cathodic electro painting
catalytic converter n. device shaped
like a silence for exhaust emission
control installed in the exhaust
system as close to the engine
as possible, in which a catalyst-
coated substrate is enclosed in a
sheet metal canister of stainless
steel, protect against vibration by
wire mesh, its lower shell being
provided with a heat shield: Bộ
xúc tác
catalytic activity n. rate at which a
given catalytic converter purifies
the exhaust gas stream, usually
expressed as a conversion rate:
sự hoạt động của chất xúc tác
l catalytic efficiency n. effectiveness
of the catalyst in purifying the
exhaust gases: Hiệu quả của
chất xúc tác
catalytic layer n. very thin layer of
a catalyst, usually consisting of
platinum metals, supported by a
ceramic or metal carrier material:
Lớp chất xúc tác
cathode n. negative electrode in an
electrolytic cell: Cực âm, ca-tốt
cathodic electro painting or
cataphoretic painting n. process
used to apply the first coat of paint
to car bodies involving positively
charging paint particles, in which
the cleaned metal parts to be
77
cathodic protection
coated are immersed in a tank of
electrode position paint, and the
current is then turned on, so that
the positively charges particles
are attracted by the negative
metal parts: Sơn tĩnh điện
cathodic protection n. protecting
a metal from electrochemical
corrosion by using it as the
cathode of a cell with a sacrificial
anode: Sự bảo vệ (chống ăn
mòn) ca-tốt
caustic etching n. removal of metal
by dipping aluminium parts in
caustic soda: Làm sạch nhôm
bằng xút
cavitation n. formatting and
subsequent collapse of vapour-
filled cavities in a liquid, such as
bubbles, vapour-filled pockets or
a combination of both: Sự bo mịn
(do bọt khí)
cavity n. (a) empty space in a
body structure, either in a box
section or a double-skinned area:
Khoang, hốc
(b) holder and contact for fuses:
Rãnh gắn cầu chì
l cavity sealant n. sealant used for
protecting cavities against rust,
usually consisting of film-forming
oils, waxes, solvents and rust
inhibitors: Chất trám lỗ
78
cell
(a) = contact breaker: Vít lửa
(b) = citizens’ band: Băng tần phổ
biến
CBR process n. (1) controlled burnt
rate, a method of improving
fuel economy by controlling/
accelerating the fuel burn rate:
Phương pháp kiểm soát quá trình
cháy
(2) controlled combustion system:
Hệ thống điều khiển quá trình
cháy
C-clamp n. screw-activated clocking
clamp with long, C-shaped jaws:
Kẹp hình chữ C.
CD player n. device for playing
compact disc: Máy hát đĩa
compact
CD value n. coefficient of drag,
a characteristic indicating the
resistance of a given car body
to air flowing against its front, at
high speed, which is measured
in a wind tunnel, and unlike drag
as such, depend only on the
shape or outline of the body, not
on the cross-sectional area, and
being a coefficient has no unit of
measurement: Hệ số cản gió (khí
động)
cell n. (a) a system of negative
and positive plates for storage of
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
cellular phone
electricity, either used singly or
in combination to form a battery:
Hộc bình điện, pin
(b) combustion chamber of a rotary
piston engine: Buồng cháy của
động cơ pít-tông quay (wankel)
cellular phone n. portable, wireless
telephone, introduce in 1983 in
the usa and mainly used as a
car phone: Điện thoại di động sử
dụng trên xe hơi
l cellulose putty = filler for minor
surface imperfections: Trét matit
chỗ móp nhẹ
cementite (fe3c) n. iron carbide, a
very hard substance found in cast
iron: Hạt cementit
central gear change n. usual
arrangement with the gear lever
in the centre of the floor: Cần số
đặt ở giữa sàn
l central chassis lubrication
n. lubrication of all chassis
component with oil or grease
from one central point: Bôi trơn
các chi tiết khung xe từ một chỗ
l central locking n. locking of all
doors by operating an electronic
device or by turning the key in
the lock of the driver’s door: Khóa
cửa trung tâm (chính)
l central-locking hub n. = splinted
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
centre differential
hub: Chốt khóa trung tâm
l central locking wheel = wheel
with splines in its centre which is
made with splines on the outside
of the hub, usually of the wire-
spoke type fixed with one central
nut: Bánh xe dạng nan hoa với
một ốc giữ
l central reserve or reservation n.
strip that separates the two sides of
a motor-way or dual carriageway:
Con lươn (trên xa lộ)
l centre v. to place (a part) in
a central position in relation to
another part: Trung tâm, tâm
l to centre the clutch = to align the
centre hole in the clutch plates
with the end of the crankshaft,
so that the gearbox shaft will fit
easily into the splines: Định tâm
bộ ly hợp
l centre console n. centre section of
the dashboard which is extended
downwards, with space for a
radio or stereo unit and storage
for cassettes: Khu vực trung tâm
của tableau.
l centre differential n. differential
located between two drive axles
to balance the speed differences
between the two axles, mainly
used in vehicles with permanent
four-wheel drive: Vi sai trung tâm
79
centre drive
l centre drive n. engine design
with power take off between the
cylinders rather than at the end of
the crankshaft: Động cơ với đầu
truyền tải giữa các xi-lanh
l centre drive plate = intermediate
(drive) plate: Đĩa truyền động
trung gian
l centre electrode n. (a) electrode
projecting out of the insulator
nose of a sparking plug typically
a compound electrode with a
copper core, or a silver platinum
electrode: Điện cực trung tâm
(b) = centre terminal: Cực trung tâm
l centre gear = sun gear: Bánh răng
trung tâm, bánh răng mặt trời
l centreline n. imaginary straight
line passing through the centre
of, e.g. a vehicle, from front to
rear: Đường tâm
l centre locking disc n. = hub cap:
Nắp đậy trục bánh xe
l centre lock nut = spinner: Đai ốc
khoá chính
l centre of gravity n. point about
with a weight of a body with act or
pivot: Trọng tâm
l centre pillar n. = b-pillar: Cột trụ
trung tâm
l centre punch n. tool with a sharp
conical steel tip for punching an
80
centrifugal force
indentation where a hole is tube
drilled: Mũi đột dấu
l centre section damage n. Type
of frame damage where the car
is hit from the side approximately
in the middle, causing the centre
part of the car around the b-pillar
to move inwards so that, seen
from the top, the frame is no
longer straight, but appears
curved like a banana: Sự hư
hỏng phần giữa xe
l centre terminal n. spring–
loaded carbon pin or carbon
brush contact in the centre of
the distributor cap acting and on
forming contact with the rotor:
Cực trung tâm (than nắp delco).
l centrifugal advance n. automatic
mechanical ignition advance by
mechanism inside the distributor,
controlled by centrifugal force
supplies by advance weights
which trunk the distributor cam
via yokes to advance the spark:
Cơ cấu đánh lửa sớm ly tâm
l centrifugal clutch n. clutch in
which the friction elements are
brought in contact with the clutch
face by centrifugal force again the
friction plate as the clutch turns
faster: Bộ ly hợp dạng ly tâm
l centrifugal force n. force with
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
 centrifugal pump
pushes a body outwards that is
rotating about a centre: Lực ly
tâm.
l centrifugal governor n. device
controlling speed by means of
centrifugal force in automatic
transmissions and other
applications: Bộ điều tốc ly tâm
l centrifugal oil filter n. filter in which
suspended solids are removed
from the oil by centrifugal force
created by spinning the oil at high
speed in the rotating element:
Lọc dầu kiểu ly tâm
centrifugal pump n. impeller pump
in which the liquid is forced, by
either atâmospheric or other
pressure, into a set off rotating
vanes constituting an impeller:
Bơm ly tâm
centrifugal weight n. weight in
governor or other controlling
device with is thrown outwards by
centrifugal force as speed increase
and thus causes a control rod to be
moved or pressure to be exerted:
Trọng lượng ly tâm, quả văng
ceramic honeycomb n. interior of
a monolithic converter which
supports the catalyst: Giá đỡ kiểu
tổ ong trong bộ hoá khử
cetane rating or number n. measure
of the ignition quality of diesel
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
chain
fuel, or how high a temperature
is required to ignite it (the lower
the cetane number, the higher
the temperature required): Chỉ
số xê-tan
chafer (strip) n. area between the
bead and sidewall of a tyre: Vùng
hông bánh xe (vè)
l chafing n. wearing away by
rubbing: Mịn vì cọ xát
chain n. series of flexibly connected
links formed into a loop so that
it can be passed over sprockets
whose teeth engage in the spaces
between the links, in order to
transmit motion: Xích
l chain case n. metal causing
completely enclosing a drive
chain and its sprockets: Hộp xích
l chain drive = form of transmission
using a chain passing over
sprockets. Chain drive is still the
most common form of transmission
on motorcycles): Truyền động xích
l chain filter wrench = chain wrench
whose chain passed round and
grips the body of an oil filter: Cái
mở lọc nhớt dùng xích
l chain guard = inverted l-section
metal guard placed usually over
the upper run of a chain: Vòm
bảo vệ xích
81
chamber
l chain pipe wrench = chain wrench
whose chain passes round and
grips a pipe: Cái mở ống bằng xích
l chain hoist = hoist for heavy
object such as engines consisting
of a chain and a block and tackle:
Cần trục xích
l chain run = section of a drive
chain that runs between the
sprockets: Bước xích
l chain tensioner = component
usually comprising a spring steel
strip pressing on the chain, used
mainly on four-stroke engines
with a chain-driven camshaft
and responsible for maintaining
the proper chain tension: Cái
căng xích
l chain wrench = tool for loosening
and tightening round or irregularly
shapes objects, having chain
which is passed around the
object, and lever or key which at
the same time tightens and the
chain and turns the object: Khóa
xích dùng để siết, nới các vật tròn
chamber n. combustion chamber of
a rotary piston engine, particularly
where non-cylindrical, as in a
wankel engine: Buồng cháy
chamfered a. with a symmetrically
beveled surface on an edge or
corner: Vạt cạnh, mặt vạt
82
change
chamois leather n. piece of soft
bleached leather from sheep,
goats, etc. used especially for
drying paintwork, chrome and
glass after washing. It is also
called informally shammy leather:
Miếng da thuộc dùng lau khô xe
sau khi rửa
change 1 v. (a) to select and
engage a gear. It is also more fully
to change gear. In US English,
which is to shift gear: Chuyển,
sang (số)
l to change up or down = to
engage a higher or lower gear:
Sang số cao hay số thấp
l to change into second or top =
to engage second or top gear:
Chuyển sang số hai hay số cao
nhất.
(b) to take away and put something
new or different in its place:
Thay thế
2 n. engage of another gear: Sự
sang số
l change-speed gearbox n.
gearbox containing sets of gears
which can be moved in and out
of different ratios between the
speeds of the input and output
shaft: Hộp số nhiều cấp
l change valve n. valve used
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
chapman strut charging efficiency

to change gear in an automatic mixture: Sự nạp không khí

gearbox, operated by rising oil
l charge air cooling = intercooling:
pressure at the vehicle speed up.
Làm mát không khí nạp (trong
In US English, it is shift valve: Van
động cơ tăng áp)
sang số
l charge air recycling (system)
chapman strut n. form of mcpherson
= device on some turbocharger
strut used in the rear suspension
systems which serves to maintain
of some car chapman: Hệ thống
the speed of the compressor
treo sau kiểu chapman
while no boost is being delivered,
characteristic map n. usually three- so that boost is more instantly
dimensional representation of available on demand: Hệ thống
several interdependent quantities, tuần hoàn khí nạp trong hệ thống
in most of which engine speed tăng áp
and load correspond to the x- and
l charge changing or exchange
y-axes, and the third quantity,
process n. removal of exhaust
which depends on the first two,
port an admission of a fresh
is measured against the z- axis:
charge through the transfer port
Bản đồ đặc tính động cơ (nạp
in a two-stroke engine: Quá trình
vào ROM của ECU)
nạp khí trong động cơ hai thì
charcoal canister n. = activated
l charger n. = battery charger:
carbon canister: Bầu lọc than
Máy nạp bình
hoạt tính
l charger characteristic n. charger
charge 1 n. (a) amount of air/ fuel
characteristic showing the
mixture supplied to the cylinder
dependence of the current on the
that is available for combustion:
voltage during charge: Đặc tính
Nạp
nạp
(b) definite quantity of electricity,
l charging current n. electric
such as that contained in a
current supplies to the battery
storage battery: Điện lượng
when the charging system is
2 v. to supply electrical charge to (a operative: Dòng điện sạc (nạp)
battery): Nạp điện vào bình điện
l charging efficiency n. figure
l charge air n. air in the air/fuel indicated the mass of charge

Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô 83

chassis
retained in the cylinder of a two-
stroke engine after the ports
close, divided by the actual swept
volume: Hiệu suất nạp
l charging piston n. additional
piston formerly fitted to some
two-stroke engines, design to
precompress the fresh charge
and to supply it at excess pressure
into the engine cylinders: Nạp
không khí bằng pít-tông (động cơ
hai kỳ)
l charging point n. = battery
charging station: Trạm sạc bình
l charging pressure n. = boost
pressure: Áp suất tăng áp
l charging rate n. amount of
current, usually in amperes,
delivered by the charging system:
Mức sạc điện (dòng tối đa của hệ
thống nạp)
l charging stroke n. = induction
stroke: Thì nạp
chassis n. Originally, and today
still in heavy goods vehicles, a
separate structure consisting
of a frame, springs and axles
forming the lower part of a
vehicle, to which the bodywork
is fitted, but with modern unitary
construction there is no separate
chassis and the term is used to
refer to the running gear, i.e.
84
chatter
suspension, including control
arms, spring, shock absorbers
steering component, etc.: Khung
gầm ô tô
l chassis bracket set = set of
brackets to be welded under sill
prior to straightening the accident
damage when the standard sill
panel does not have a jointing
flange: Giá đỡ để hàn khung
l chassis dynamometer = test
stand for a complete car to
determine, for example, its
emission characteristics under a
set of defined driving conditions:
Băng thử công suất ô tô
l chassis frame = frame usually
consisting of two longitudinal side
members joined by a member
of cross-members, to which
the suspension and axles are
attached, in goods vehicles and
formerly in cars: Khung sườn xe
l chassis number = formerly
the manufacturer’s number
identifying a vehicle. Today, we
use the term “vehicle identification
number”: Số khung xe
l chassis section = box or channel
section forming part of the
chassis: Bộ phận khung xe
chatter v. to move jerkily especially
at high speed, making only
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
check
irregular contact: Rung động ở
tốc độ cao
check 1 n. inspection to see
whether something is all right: Sự
kiểm tra
l an engine oil level check =
looking at the dipstick to see if
there is enough oil in the sump:
Kiểm tra mực dầu động cơ
2 v. to inspect (something) to see
whether it is all right: Kiểm tra
l check the plugs, and replace if
necessary = take the sparking
plugs out and see whether they
are in good condition, if not, fit
new ones: Kiểm tra bu-gi nếu hư
thì thay thế
l check ball n. ball in a ball-type
check valve: Bi trong van một
chiều
l check engine warning light n. light
which indicates a malfunction of
the engine system: Đèn báo kiểm
tra động cơ
l check point n. (a) particular point
on a piece of equipment where it
is possible to check if there is any
malfunction: Điểm kiểm tra
(b) place on a road where vehicles
are stopped, e.g. at a frontier or
on a rally: Trạm kiểm tra
l check routine n. series of checks
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
child seat
to be made when tracing a fault
or when inspecting a new vehicle
at the factory: Lộ trình kiểm tra xe
mới ráp
check valve n. (a) non-return valve
permitting flow in one direction
only, widely used in emission
control systems: Van một chiều
(b) residual pressure valve in a
brake master cylinder: Van áp
suất dư trong xi-lanh cái của hệ
thống phanh
chemical brightening or polishing
n. improvement of surface
smoothness of a metal by
immersion in a suitable solution:
Sự làm bóng bằng dung dịch hóa
học
l chemical toilet n. portable toilet
for use in caravans or when
camping: Nhà vệ sinh trong xe
nhà lưu động
childproof lock n. lock on rear doors
which when activated prevents
the door from being opened from
inside the car: Khóa chống mở
cửa sau
child restraint system n. general term
for child seats and accessories,
often used at a synonym for child
seat: Ghế trẻ em
child seat n. combination of a seat
85
chip
shell, a belt system and / or an
impact cushion, especially suited
for children of the age groups 1
and 2: Ghế dành cho trẻ em
chip v. (of stones) to cause damage
to (paintwork) in the form of small
pits: Làm bóng vùng sơn nhỏ
l chipping n. damage to paintwork
in the form of small pits cause by
stones being thrown against it:
Làm hư sơn do đá văng
chisel n. simple steel tool with a
sharpen end used with a hammer
to cut through metal and other
materials: Cái đục
chlorofluorocarbons n. gaseous
compounds used especially as
propellants for aerosol cans and
in refrigerants. It is usually called
CFCs: Khí CFC
chock n. = wheel chock: lót trục
bánh xe.
choke 1 n. device which restricts
the amount of air entering the
carburetor in order to enrich the
mixture when starting the engine
and running cold: Bướm gió
2 choke knob: Nút kéo bướm gió
l choke control = system for
actuating a non-automatic choke,
usually a cable with a knob on the
fascia: Sự điều khiển bướm gió
86
chromate
l choked = (a) (of engine) running
with the choke in operation: Động
cơ chạy với bướm gió hoạt động
(b) clogged: Kẹt bướm gió
l choke knob = knob on the fascia
for operating the choke: Núm kéo
bướm gió
l choke tube = carburetor venturi:
Họng khuếch tán
l choke valve = valve restricting the
amount of air or liquid admitted
especially on a carburettor: Van
gió
chop shop n. US = workshop or
factory specializes in replacing
the standard steel roof of cars or
pick-up trucks with a convertible
top: Xưởng làm mui xe
chromate 1 n. salt or ester of
chromic acid, often used as
pigment: Crômat
2 v. to treat with a solution of a
chromium compound to produce
a protective coating of metal
chromate: Mạ crôm
l chromate (conversion) coating =
conversion coating produced by
chromating: Phủ crôm
l chromate treatment = treatment
of metal with a solution of a
chromium compound to produce
a protective coating of metal
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
chrome CIH

chromate. NOTE: it is different deposition for protection against

from the meaning of the word corrosion, also with a thicker layer
“chroming”: Quy trình xử lí bằng for wear resistance: Được mạ
mạ crôm crôm

l chrome 1 n. = chromium l chromium-plating = process of

coating metal with a layer of
2. v to plate with chromium: Mạ
chromium and also the result:
crôm
Lớp mạ crôm
l chrome-hardened = Of steel,
l satin chromium plating =
hardened by the addition of
chromium plating with a soft matt
chromium: Làm cứng thép bằng
sheen: Lớp mạ crôm mịn
cách thêm crôm
l chromium steel = chrome steel
l chrome-plated or chromed =
chromium-plated: Mạ crôm chubby screwdriver n. screwdriver
with a very short handle and
l chrome steel = steel containing
blade for use in confined spaces:
chromium for extra hardness an
Tuốc nơ vít cực nhỏ
rust resistance: Inox (thép crôm)
chunking n. breaking away of
l chrome work = all the chromium-
pieces of the tread of a tyre: Sự
plated items on a car body: Các
mất gai vỏ (lốp xe)
chi tiết mạ crôm trên xe
CI (a) = Compression Ignition: Sự
l chromic acid n. electrolyte used
cháy bằng cách nén (diesel)
in anodising processed for
producing non-transparent, non- (b) = coil ignition (system): Cuộn dây
metallic oxide layers: Axit crômic đánh lửa, bôbin
(dung dịch mạ)
CIH = Camshaft In Head: Trục cam
l chromium n. hard grey metallic đặt trên nắp máy
element used in electroplating
l CIH engine = type of overhead
and in steel production for extra
valve (OHV) engine with the
hardness and rust resistance:
camshaft enclosed in, not on
Crôm (Cr)
top of, the cylinder head. Note,
l chromium-plated = coated with a it is not to be with an overhead
thin layer of chromium by electro camshaft (OHC) engine: Động cơ

Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô 87

CIM
với trục cam đặt trên nắp máy
CIM = computer-integrated
manufacturing: Hệ thống sản
xuất điều khiển bằng máy tính
circlip n. retaining ring in the form
of an incomplete circle and made
of spring steel, often with eyes
either side of the gap so that it
can be opened for removal. In
US English, it is snap ring: Vòng
chặn, cái phe
l circlip plies = special plies with
jaw tips coming to point so that
they can engage in the eyes of
the circlip in order to expand it for
removal: Kìm mở phe
l circuit n. (a) course forming a
complete loop over which races
are held: Chu vi vòng đua
(b) series of electrical connections
forming a complete path for the
current to flow through: Mạch
điện
l circuit breaker = protective device
which can be reset; it breaks
an electric circuit to prevent
damage when the circuit is
overloaded or overheated by
excess current flow: Bộ ngắt
điện dùng để bảo vệ
l circuit diagram = diagram showing
the complete wiring system of a
vehicle: Sơ đồ mạch điện
88
CL
l circuit tester = tool often similar
in appearance to a screwdriver,
with a light in the handle and
a crocodile clip which can be
attached to a suitable earth while
the point touches the part or the
wire which is to be tested; if the
light comes on, the circuit is live
at that point: Dụng cụ kiểm tra
mạch điện (bằng đèn)
circular headlamp n. tradition shape
of headlamp as opposed to the
modern rectangular headlamp: Đèn
pha kiểu hình tròn
circulating pump n. centrifugal pump
designed to generate forced
circulation of a liquid in a closed
system, e.g. a water pump in an
internal combustion engine: Bơm
tuần hoàn
CIS = Continuous Injection System:
Hệ thống phun xăng liên tục kiểu
k-jetronic
citizens’ band see CB radio
city car n. very compact car; usually
10-12 feet in length: Xe hơi loại
nhỏ
l city cycle n. = urban cycle
CL = Comfort Luxe, denoting a
model more luxurious than ‘l’ but
not as grand as ‘gl’: Kiểu xe sang
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
clamp
trọng nhưng không bằng kiểu GL
clamp n. fastening which holds an
item or items in its jaws by strong
pressure: Cái kẹp
l clamping load n. pressure on the
plates in a clutch or coupling: Tải
trọng
l class a-thread n. = external
thread: Ren ngoài
l class b-thread n. = internal
thread: Ren trong
classic car n. specially applies to
cars of the postwar era up to
about 1970 or even 1980, but
also used as a general term for
all old cars: Xe hơi cổ
l a classic car meeting = a meeting
to which enthusiasts bring their old
cars to look at them and discuss
them, often with a competition to
decide which is the smartest (a
concours): Ngày hội của người
chơi xe cổ
l restoration of classic cars = to
return old cars to as close as
possible its original condition: Sự
tân trang xe hơi cổ
classified (ad) n. small advertisement
in a newspaper or magazine,
usually put in by a private person,
e.g. with a car for sale: Mục rao
vặt (bán xe)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
clearance
claw hammer n. hammer with two
curved prongs at the back of the
head for extracting nails, etc.:
Búa nhổ đinh
clay model n. mock-up of a new
design made before an actual
prototype is built: Mô hình mẫu
xe mới bằng đất sét
clean oil n. fresh engine oil supplied
to engine from a container: Nhớt
sạch từ bình chứa
l clean oil lubrication = lubrication
system in which clean engine
oil is supplied directly to the
lubrication points of engine, as in
some two-stroke engines: Sự bôi
trơn bằng dầu sạch
clearance n. gap between two
parts: Khe hở
l piston clearance = gap between
the piston and the cylinder: Khe
hở giữa pít-tông và xi-lanh
l valve clearance = gap between
the top of the valve stem and the
tappet when the valve is closed
and the tappet is not pressing on
it: Khe hở xú-páp
l clearance height n. (a) = ground
clearance: Khoảng cách gầm xe
với mặt đất.
(b) maximum height of a vehicle such
89
clear coat
that it can pass under a bridge or
similar obstruction: Khoảng sáng
gầm xe
l clearance (market) lamp n.
lamp mounted on the roof of vans,
lorries and other large vehicles at
the left-hand and the right-hand
corners to show the maximum
height and width of the vehicle:
Đèn báo chiều cao và bề rộng xe
l clearance volume n. space
remaining above the piston of
an engine when it is at top dead
centre: Thể tích buồng đốt
clear coat or lacquer n. top coat of
base and clear systems: Làm
sạch lớp sơn ngoài
click-type torque wrench n.
torque wrench design to apply
predetermined torque, to which it
is preset, automatically releasing
once the setting is reached;
the release action is normally
accompanied by an audible click
and/or visible signal: Cần siết lực
tự động (báo hiệu khi siết đủ lực)
climate control n. lever or similar
that controls the heater and/or
air-conditioning system: Điều
khiển khí hậu (kiểm soát đồng
thời sưởi và điều hòa nhiệt độ)
l climate control system = C/locking = central locking: Khóa
90
C/locking
combined heating and air-
conditioning system: Hệ thống
điều hoà nhiệt độ tự động
l climatic chamber n. test chamber
which can reproduce extremes of
temperature and humidity, as well
as artificial ultraviolet rays: Buồng
khí hậu nhân tạo (để thử nghiệm)
climbing ability n. performance
when climbing steep gradient:
Khả năng leo dốc
clip-on weight n. small lead weight
used to balance a wheel by
clipping it onto the rim opposite
a heavy spot of the tyre/ wheel
assembly: Miếng chì bấm vào
bánh xe
clock 1 n. (a) instrument showing
time: Đồng hồ báo giờ
(b) odometer or speedometer: Đồng
hồ đo quãng đường tổng hoặc
tốc độ xe.
2 v. to record (a speed or time), or
to time (a car): Ghi lại tốc độ hay
thời gian
l clocking n. putting back the
mileage on a car’s odometer, so
that it shows a lower mileage
than the car has in fact done (an
illegal practice): Trả ngược chỉ số
kilomet
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
clockwise
cửa trung tâm
clockwise ad. in the same direction
as the hands of a clock: Cùng
chiều kim đồng hồ
clog v. to become obstructed with
debris, sludge or other matter:
Làm tắc nghẽn
close coils n. coils at the end of a
spring which are closer together:
Phần cuối lò xo
closed loop n. chain of control in
which feedback, usually from
a sensor or sensors, is used to
regulate mixture strength, dwell
angle and other engine functions
by electronic means: Chế độ điều
khiển vòng kín (hồi tiếp)
close–loop control = electronic
control system using feedback to
maintain correct mixture strength,
etc.: chế độ điều khiển kín trong
điều khiển phun xăng (dùng cảm
biến oxi) hoặc đánh lửa (dùng
cảm biến kích nổ)
close-ratio gearbox n. gearbox
in which there is relatively little
difference between the gear
ratios, so that fast changes can
be made: Hộp số có sự chênh
lệch tỉ số truyền nhỏ
l closing cam/rocker n. cam/rocker
which is used to close the valve
in desmodromic valve operation;
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
clutch aligning
unlike conventional valve control
systems, in which the valves are
closed by the valve spring: Cam/
cò dùng để đóng xú-páp
l closing force n. force necessary
for closing the valves, provide by
the valve spring: Lực đóng van (lực
lò xo)
l closing panel n. panel that covers
a gap in the body framework:
Tấm bít (thân xe)
cloth upholstery n. upholstery
covered in a fabric as opposed to
vinyl or leather: Nệm bằng vải
cluster gear n. lay shaft and/or the
set of gears mounted on it: Cụm
trục và bánh răng
clutch n. mechanism for connecting or
disconnecting the drive between
two shafts while they are rotating
or at rest, placed between the
engine and gearbox in vehicles
with manual transmission, and
usually mounted on the flywheel:
Bộ ly hợp
clutch aligning set n. selection of
different tools used to align the
clutch plate with the flywheel,
usually containing a shaft, pilot
bearing adapters, and tapered
universal sleeves: Bộ dụng cụ để
cân ly hợp
91
clutch brake
l clutch aligning tool = special tool,
either in the form of a bar or a disc,
with the aid of which clutch plate
and flywheel can be precisely
aligned on single disc clutches:
Dụng cụ cân chỉnh ly hợp
l clutch brake n. device for slowing
down the clutch plate and hence
the gears on the input shaft
in order to enable faster and
quieter engagement of gears:
Phanh ly hợp
l clutch cable n. operating cable
from the clutch pedal to the clutch
release lever: Cáp ly hợp
l clutch cover n. bowl-shaped
cover house the rotating elements
of a friction clutch, anchors the
clutch spring(s), and is normally
attached to the flywheel: Nắp
(bầu) ly hợp
l clutch disc n. us = clutch plate:
Đĩa ly hợp
l clutch drag n. failure of the clutch
to disengage completely when
the pedal is depressed, with the
result that gear changes become
difficult as the driven plate and
input shaft continue to rotate: Sự
trượt ly hợp
l clutch facing n. = clutch lining
l clutch fork n. clutch release lever
92
clutch release
with a forked end which presses
on the release bearing to
disengage the clutch: Cần nhả
ly hợp
l clutch housing n. = belt housing:
Vỏ bộ ly hợp và bánh đà
l clutch judder n. faulty condition
in which the clutch does not take
up smoothly but judders during
engagement: Sự rung lắc ly hợp
l clutch lining n. ring of friction
material on the clutch plate: Vòng
đĩa ma sát ly hợp
l clutch pedal n. pedal which
operates the clutch usually either
mechanically via a cable, or
hydraulically: Bàn đạp ly hợp
l clutch plate n. part of the clutch
assembly which carries the clutch
lining and is squeezed between
the flywheel and pressure plate
when the pedal is released, thus
transmitting power to the gearbox
input shaft. In US English, it is
clutch disc: Đĩa ly hợp
l clutch release or thrust bearing n.
bearing (usually a roller bearing)
that can be moved by the release
lever through clutch pedal action
to disengage the drive from the
engine to the transmission. In
US English, which is throw out
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
C-matic transmission
bearing: Bạc đạn đẩy ly hợp
l clutch release lever = lever one
end of which presses on the
clutch release bearing, the other
being actuated mechanically or
hydraulically by the clutch pedal.
In US English, it is throw out fork,
lever: Cần đẩy ly hợp
l clutch shaft n. short gearbox input
shaft, rotating at engine speed
and coaxial with but not connected
to the main shaft, which transmits
power from the clutch to the
gearbox: Trục bộ ly hợp
l clutch slip n. incomplete
engagement of a clutch, so
that not all the drive torque is
transmitted even when the clutch
pedal is fully released and the
driven plate does not rotate
as fast as the flywheel, engine
speed increase but road speed
open does not: Sự trượt ly hợp
l clutch spring n. one of the coil
springs (generally mounted in
the clutch cover) which press the
pressure plate against the driven
clutch plate to transmit the drive:
Lò xo ly hợp
l clutch stop n. = clutch brake
C-matic transmission n. trade name
for a semi-automatic transmission
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
coach lining
developed by citroen: Hộp số bán
tự động
coach n. a single-deck bus, usually
with a luxurious specification,
for carrying passenger over
long distances, either from city
to city with regular schedules
or in groups on tours: Xe khách
đường dài
coach bolt n. bolt with a mushroom
head underneath which it has a
square neck which holds it in a
matching square recess, e.g. in
wood, so that a spanner is only
needed for the nut: Bu-lông chìm
coach builder n. firm specializing in
the production of special bodies
for motor vehicles: Nhà chuyên
sản xuất thân xe
l coach construction = vehicle
layout incorporating a separate
chassis frame which serves as
a carrier of all drive train and
suspension parts, the vehicle
body itself not forming an integral
structural part of the vehicle: Cấu
trúc tổng thành
coach lining n. thin, precisely
contoured lines, especially along
the whole side of the vehicle,
also an motorcycle tanks, the
most common colours being gold
and black: Đường viền chính
93
coarse (-cut) file
l coachwork n. = bodywork: Thân xe
coarse (-cut) file = file for the rapid
removal of large amounts of
material in a first rough shaping
stage. It is pposite to smooth file:
Giũa thô
l coarse pitch n. construction
of a gear or screw thread with
relatively wide gaps between the
teeth or threads: Răng hoặc ren
thô
l coarse-thread = screw thread
with relatively wide gaps between
the threads, and hence fewer
threads for a given length of
screw: Bước ren thô
coast v. to run without any drive
being transmitted to the wheels,
either in neutral or with the clutch
out: Chạy bằng quán tính (khi
đạp ly hợp)
coat 1 n. layer of material, usually
applied in liquid form, cover a
surface: Lớp, màng
2 v. to apply a layer of usually liquid
material: Phủ (sơn)
l coating n. (a) action of applying
a layer of material to a surface:
Sự tạo màng
cock n. tap or shut-off valve
controlling the flow of water: Vòi
nước
94
coil ignition
cockpit n. area comprising the
driver’s seat and all instruments
and controls especially in a racing
car: Buồng lái
l coefficient of friction n. ratio of
the force needed to slide one
surface over another to the
force preventing the motion: Hệ
số ma sát
cog n. (informal ) gear: Bánh răng
l cog-swapping = gear changing:
Sự sang số
l cogged belt n. toothed belt: Đai
răng
coil n. (a) device for generating
high tension voltage consisting of
primary and secondary windings
around a laminated iron core:
Cuộn dây (bôbin đánh lửa)
(note: also called ignition coil)
(b) field coil/ winding: Cuộn dây
kích từ
coil chimney n. = coil tower
l coil coating n. process of coating
continuous metal strips with
an organic finishing system for
decoration and protection: Dán
đường viền
coil ignition (ci) (system) n. inductive
ignition system with an ignition
coil which stores the primary
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
coil lead
current from the battery and
steps it up to ignition (high
tension) voltage, which is then
transferred to the sparking plugs
via the distributor and ht (high
tension) leads in the engine
firing order: Hệ thống đánh lửa
điện cảm
coil lead n. ht lead from the coil
tothe distributor. In US English,
which is coil wire: Dây phin
(cao áp)
l coil spring n. spiral of spring steel
wire, used in suspension systems
and clutches and as valve
springs: Lò xo cuộn (xoắn)
l coil spring clutch = clutch in
which a ring of coil springs hold
the pressure plate in position: Ly
hợp loại lò xo cuộn
l coil spring compressor = spring
compressor: Thiết bị nén lò xo
l coil tower n. top of the standard
type of ignition coil in which
the socket for the ht lead to the
distributor is found, projecting
upwards: Đầu thứ cấp của bôbin
l coil wire n. us = coil lead
coke n. carbon: Than cốc
l coked up a. covered with a thick
carbon deposit: đóng muội than
dày
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
cold start enrichment
cold-condensate corrosion n.
corrosion of the inside of exhaust
systems by direct chemical attack
resulting from an acidic, aqueous
solution that condenses from the
exhaust gas at the cooler rear
portions of the exhaust systems:
Sự ăn mòn do ngưng tụ ở pô
cold cranking ability n. criterion for
assessing the performance of
a battery based on its ability to
supply the considerable amount
of current need to turn the engine
when cold: Khả năng khởi động
lạnh
l cold galvanizing n. galvanizing
with zinc-rich paint or similar, or
by electroplating with zinc: Sự mạ
kẽm nguội
l cold sparking plug n. sparking
plug with a short insulator nose,
which absorbs less heat and
dissipates heat quickly: Bu-gi
nguội (lạnh)
l cold spraying n. spraying method
in which the paint is diluted with
so much solvent evaporating after
painting: Phương pháp phun sơn
với nhiều dung môi
cold starting n. starting the engine
from cold: Khởi động lạnh
cold start enrichment n. increasing the
fuel content of the air /fuel mixture
95
cold start injector
to compensate for condensation
losses in the intake system when
the engine is cold: Sự làm giàu hỗn
hợp khi khởi động lạnh
cold start injector n. device in fuel
injection systems which injects
additional fuel during starter
operation when the engine is
cold, working in much the same
way as a choke on a carburettor:
Kim phun khởi động lạnh
collapsible spare tire n. US = space
saving spare wheel: Vỏ xe dự trữ
l collapsible steering column n.
steering column designed to fold
or telescope in a case of frontal
impact: Trục tay lái xếp
l collar n. (a) washer fitted under
the head of a bolt or screw: Vòng
đệm, long đền
(b) raised area on a shaft to hold
it in position, usually against a
bearing: Phần nhơ của trục phía
gắn ổ bi
collector’s car n. usually old cars
which is valuable to collectors: Xe
của người sưu tập
collet n. removable collar fitting in a
groove to hold, for example, the
valve spring on the stem: Vòng
giữ (lò xo xú-páp)
colour chart n. booklet containing
96
column
details of paint name; codes and
samples of exact colours, for
the customer to choose from:
Cataloge màu
l colour coat n. coat of paint which
has desired final colour, often but
not always the top coat (in the
case of two-pack finishes a clear
lacquer is applied on top of it):
Lớp sơn cuối
l colour–coded a. (a) finished in
the same colour as the main part
of the bodywork. It is also called
colour-keyed or colour-matched.
: Trùng màu với thân xe
(b) (of wiring, etc.) finished in different
colours to aid recognition: Ký hiệu
màu dây
l colour scheme n. combination of
colours, on the outside or inside
of the vehicle: Tổ hợp màu trong
và ngoài thân xe
column (gear) change n. gear
change mechanism in which
the gear lever is on the steering
column, just below the steering
wheel. In US English, it is also
called column shift: Cơ cấu sang
số trên vô lăng
l combination pliers n. typical
general purpose pliers with
serrated jaws, an oval recess
and a wire cutter, in the usa they
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
combustion
also have a slip joint so that the
jaws can be opened wider: Kìm
đa năng
l combination spanner n. spanner
with a ring spanner at one end
and an open end of the same
size at the other: Chìa khóa vòng
miệng
l combination valve n. pressure
regulating valve in braking
systems incorporating a failure
warning switch and comprising
two or more of the fowling valves;
pressure differential valve,
metering valve, proportioning
valve: Van tổ hợp (hệ thống
phanh)
combustion n. extremely rapid (but
not explosive) burning of the air/
fuel mixture timed to occur when
the piston is at the top of its
stroke, so that it is forced down to
turn the crankshaft: Sự cháy
l combustion chamber = space
between the top of the piston and
the cylinder head, in which the
air/ fuel mixture is burned: Buồng
cháy
l combustion chamber recess =
area when combustion occurs in
a rotary piston engine: Vùng cháy
trong động cơ Wankel
l combustion pressure = pressure
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
compact car
created during the combustion of
the air/ fuel mixture in the cylinder,
measure in pounds per square
inch: Áp suất của quá trình cháy
l combustion residue(s) = carbon
and other deposits resulting from
combustion: Sản phẩm bám lại
khi cháy
CO meter n. device for checking
exhaust gas for carbon monoxide,
a high lever of which indicates an
over-rich mixture as well as causing
pollution: Thiết bị đo khí CO
comet head n. head with a swirl
chamber for indirect injection
diesel engines: Nắp máy với
buồng xoáy lốc
comfort (c) n. fairly basic car model
specification: Xe loại tiện nghi
l Comfort Luxe (CL) = slightly
more luxurious specification than
comfort: Tiện nghi và sang trọng
commercial vehicle = vehicle for
carrying goods or large number
of passenger for money: Xe kinh
doanh (chở hàng hoặc hành
khách)
commutator n. series of copper
bars at one end of the dynamo
or starter motor armature,
electrically insulated from one
another by mica: Cổ góp điện
compact car n. american car category
97
company car
with a length of 14 ft 5 ins -17 ft
and taking five passengers: Xe
hơi loại nhỏ năm chỗ
company car n. car provided by
an employer for an employee’s
business or private use: Xe
công ty
l company logo n. emblem
forming the whole or part of
a company’s trademark: biểu
tượng của công ty.
compass (display) n. instrument
with a magnetized needle which
always point to the magnetic
north: La bàn
compensating bar n. = compensator
l compensating jet n. jet in a fixed
jet carburetor which supplies
other extra air or extra fuel to
maintain the correct mixture
strength: Gíclơ phụ
compensation port n. A small hole
in the wall of the tandem master
cylinder with connect the brake
fluid reservoir to the pressure
chamber: Lỗ bù (phanh)
compensator n. horizontal bar
which is pulled forward when the
handbrake is applies at its central
point, which is pivoted, while it
is connected, at each end to the
handbrake cable, enabling equal
98
compound carburettor
force to be exerted on each rear
brake: Thanh cân bằng trong
phanh tay
competition car n. car specially
construct for taking part in
competitions, such as races, hill
climbs and rallies: Xe hơi đua
component n. part which may be
either a single piece, such as a
brush, or an assembly such as
a starter or a fuel pump: Thành
phần, chi tiết
component sharing = the use of the
same components (including
major components such as
engines) in different models
and even in models from
different manufacturers: Sự lắp
lẫn chi tiết
composite propeller shaft n.
innovative, single-piece propeller
shaft made of fibre-reinforced
epoxy in which the fibres are
usually glass and/or carbon:
Trục cánh quay (bằng vật liệu
composite)
compound carburettor n. carburettor
with more than one choke
(normally two-a small throttle
openings and a larger one for
large throttle openings), but for
fitting to a single port: Bộ chế hòa
khí kép (hai họng)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
comprehension insurance
l compound (centre) electrode
n. electrode for a sparking plug
with a copper core and a jacket
of a nickel-based alloy: Điện cực
trung tâm bằng hợp kim (bougie)
l compound glass n. = laminated
glass: Kính kép
l compound motor n. DC electric
motor with two separate fields
windings, one in parallel and the
other in series with the armature
circuit; used as a starter motor:
Mô tơ đấu hỗn hợp
comprehension insurance
insurance against most ricks,
including third-party liability, fire,
theft, and damage: Bảo hiểm
trọn gói
compress v. to place under pressure
or to squeeze into a small space:
Đè, nén, ép
l compressed air = air at a higher
than atmospheric pressure, used
to drive tools and machinery: Khí
nén
l compressed-air spray gun =
spray gun which atomizes the
coating material and projects it
against a surface by mean of the
negative pressure occurring when
a stream of air enters a pipe of
smaller diameter: Súng phun sơn
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
compression ignition
l compressed natural gas (CNG)
see natural gas: Khí thiên nhiên
nén
l compression n. (a) compressing
of the air/ fuel mixture drawn into
the combustion champer before
ignition takes place, either by the
piston during its upward travel, or
in the case of rotating engines by
the reduction of the volume in the
area between the rotor and the
epitrochoid housing: Sức nén
l check the engine’s compression
= turn the engine and check
n.
that its adequate resistance is
felt when its piston reaches the
top of its compression stroke;
alternatively use a compression
tester: Kiểm tra sức nén động cơ
l the shock absorber is adjustable
in both compression and rebound
= it is possible to adjust the
resistance of the shock absorber
to both pressure and rebound: Bộ
giảm chấn có thể điều chỉnh sự
nén và sự bật lại
l compression gauge n. =
compression tester: Máy đo sức
nén
l compression ignition n. system
on which the diesel engine
works, where ignition is caused
by the heat of compression and
99
compression leakage
not by a spark: Sự cháy nhờ
nén (diesel)
l compression leakage n. loss of
compression due to the escape
of gases usually part the piston
and due to wear of the bores
and piston rings: Sự giảm sức
nén do hở bạc
l compression moulding n. shaping
of moulding by softening it under
pressure and the action of heat,
and forcing it through a hole into a
hollow space which it completely
fills: Sự đúc bằng áp suất
l compression ratio (cr) n. ratio of
the volume between the piston
and cylinder head when the
piston is at the top of its stroke
(top dead centre): Tỉ số nén
l compression ring n. upper piston
ring of an internal combustion
engine: Bạc lửa, xéc-măng khí
l compression stroke n. upward
stroke of the piston with both
valves closed; as the piston
ascends, the air/ fuel mixture
(in diesel engines air only) is
temperature of the charge before
ignition: Thì nén
l compression tester n. instrument
100
computer aided
for measuring engine compression
when the running or cranking the
engine, usually inserted in the
plughole on petrol engines: thiết
bị đo sức nén.
l compressor n. (a) pump for
increase pressure used e.g. in
air–conditioning or in forced
induction (supercharging or turbo
charging): Máy nén (tăng áp)
l compressor impeller = impeller
of a turbocharger driven by the
turbine at speed to 160.000
rpm, which accelerates by
centrifugal force the charge air
which enters axially and leaves
radially at very high velocity: cánh
tua bin tăng áp
(b) tool for compressing a coil spring,
such as a valve spring: Thiết bị
nén lò xo
compress (pressure wave)
supercharger n. supercharger
using the pressure waves
reacted by the expanding
exhaust gases to compress the
inlet charge: Hệ thống tăng áp
bằng sóng áp suất
computer aided a. (of process) in
which computers are used for
calculations, etc.: Hỗ trợ bằng
máy tính
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
concept car
l computer controlled a. regulated
by a computer: Điều khiển bằng
máy tính
l computer controlled catalytic
converter = system in which
exhaust emissions are controlled
by close regulation of the a/ f
ratio and by the use of a three-
way catalytic converter. It is
opposite to open-loop catalytic
converter: Bộ xúc tác điều khiển
bằng máy tính
l computer controlled ignition
timing = electronic ignition system
with an integral microprocessor
determining the correct timing
using information from crankshaft
and camshaft sensors: Thời điểm
đánh lửa được điều khiển bằng
máy tính
l concealed headlight n. headlight
hidden under covers until
required, when they are raised
into position. It is also called pop-
up headlight: Đèn pha xếp
concept car n. car incorporating
new ideas, of which only one
example is usually made primarily
as a design exercise, but also
to impress the public: Xe thử
nghiệm (thường là model mới để
trưng bày)
concourse n. a meeting to which
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
cone clutch
enthusiasts bring their classic cars
to show, including a competition
to decide which is the smartest:
Ngày hội xe hơi cổ điển
condensation n. liquid, especially
water, formed due to cooling
of moist air or vapour, also the
process of its formation: Sự
ngưng tụ
l condense v. to increase in density
and (of a vapour) to become a
liquid: Ngưng tụ
l condensed water = water
resulting from condensation:
Nước ngưng tụ
l condenser n. device in an air-
conditioning system mounted
in front of the car’s radiator with
coils and turns to liquid, which is
opposite to evaporator: Bộ ngưng
tụ (giàn nóng)
conductive a. capable of conducting
or carrying electricity, which is
opposite to resistivity: Dẫn điện
l conductor n. material which
conducts electricity due to the fact
that it has many free electrons,
which is opposite to insulator: Vật
(chất) dẫn điện
cone clutch n. early type of clutch
in which the driving and driven
elements have conical surfaces,
101
configuration
still used in the synchronizing
mechanisms of synchromesh
transmissions: Ly hợp côn.
configuration n. arrangement of part
in relation to one another: Cấu
hình
conical a. in the shape of a cone;
tapered: Hình nón
l conical seat or seating = circular
seating, e.g. for a valve or
sparking plug, with slopping
sides: Bệ hình côn
connecting rod n. bar forming the link
between piston and crankshaft,
and transmitting the force exerted
by the piston to the crankshaft:
Thanh
truyền (tay đòn)
l connecting rod bearing = big-
end bearing: Bạc lót đầu to thanh
truyền
l connecting rod shank =
longitudinal, usually i-section,
part of the connecting rod: Thân
thanh truyền
connection n. joining of two parts,
especially parts connecting
electricity: sự kết nối (nối dây
điện)
l connector n. part which joins two
or more parts together: Giắc nối,
102
constant velocity joint
giắc cắm
con rod n. = connecting rod
console n. small fascia and/ or
storage space between the
front seats in a car, which may
serve as a support for additional
instruments: Khung để gắn
tableau
constantan n. nickel and copper
alloy, used as resistance wire or
in thermocouples: Hợp kim của
đồng và nikel
constant-mesh gearbox n. most
commonly used transmission
type in which forward gear pairs
remain in mesh all the time, the
driving pair being engaged by a
clutch mechanism incorporating
a hub and sleeve, today almost
invariably laid
out as a synchromesh mechanism:
Hộp số kiểu luôn ăn khớp
l constant power distribution or
split n. system which ensures
that the same amount of the
power is always transmitted to
the front and rear wheels in a four
wheel drive vehicle: Sự phân bố
đều công suất trên xe hai cầu
constant velocity joint (cv joint) n.
universal joint in which the driven
shaft rotates at a constant speed
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
consumption
regardless of the angle adopted,
given a constant input shaft
speed: Khớp nối đồng tốc
consumption n. process of using up
or amount used, especially of fuel
or oil: Sự tiêu thụ (nhiên liệu, dầu
nhớt)
contact n. (a) touching of two parts:
Sự tiếp xúc
(b) part carrying electricity made
to touch another such part for
passing current, e.g. in a switch
or a contact breaker: Cái công
tắc, tiếp điểm
contact area n. = contact patch:
Vùng tiếp xúc
l contact arm n. arm in the
distributor or which the moving
contact is mounted: Cần vít ba
(vít lửa)
l contact bounce n. rapid opening
and closing of electrical contacts
causing intermittent functioning
of the circuit: Hiện tượng rung
tiếp điểm (vít)
l contact breaker (cb) n. mechanical
switch as the part of the distributor
of breaker-triggered ignition
systems which breaks the primary
current at the ignition point to
provide a spark, consisting of a
fixed contact or point and an arm
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
contact set
with a moving contact or point:
Tiếp điểm (vít lửa)
l contact breaker gap = points
gap: Khe hở vít lửa
l contact breaker plate = plate on
which the the contact breaker
assembly is mounted, and which
can be rotated slightly by the
vacuum or centrifugal advance
mechanism: Mâm xoay vít lửa
l contact breaker point = individual
contact of a contact breaker:
Điểm tiếp xúc của vít lửa
l contact chatter n. = contact
bounce
l contactless electronic ignition
(system) n. = breakerless
transistorized ignition (system):
Hệ thống đánh lửa bán dẫn
không tiếp điểm
l contact patch n. parts of a tyre
in contact with the road surface,
also called foot print: Phần tiếp
xúc của vỏ xe với mặt đường
l contact pattern n. wear pattern
visible at point where two parts
touch: Vết mòn
l contact point n. = contact breaker
point
l contact set n. replacement contact
breaker assembly for fitting when
new points are required: Nguyên
103
contaminant
bộ vít lửa để thay thế
l contact spring n. spring
pressing on a contact to hold it
in engagement, in a switch, bulb
holder, etc.: Lò xo tiếp xúc (đuôi
đèn, công tắc)
contaminant n. dirt or other
undesirable substances
pollutants: Chất gây ô nhiễm,
chất bẩn
continental-type fuse n. ceramic fuse
with conical and caps, colour-
coded for different values: Cầu
chì sứ
continuous AC ignition system
(CACIS) n. fundamentally new
ignition system, where a high-
energy AC arc burns for the entire
power stroke: Hệ thống đánh lửa
xoay chiều liên tục
continuous injection system (CIS) n.
mechanical fuel injection system
giving a constant supply of fuel:
Hệ thống phun xăng liên tục
l continuously variable transmission
(CVT) n. transmission system in
which the speed ratio of driving
and driven elements is infinitely
variable over the required
working range, or is varied over a
very large number of fixed ratios,
104
controlled combustion system
either automatically or by manual
control: Hộp số vô cấp
control 1 n. (a) device used to regulate
the functioning of system, either
operated by the driver by mean
of a lever, knob or switch, or
operating automatically: Thiết bị
điều khiển, kiểm soát
or
(b) ability of the driver to make the
vehicle perform as required: Sự
điều khiển (xe)
2 v. to do what is required: Điều khiển
l control arm n. suspension
arm controlling wheel camber,
especially the upper or lower
wish born: Thanh giằng
l control box n. (a) box containing
voltage regulators and cut-out:
Hộp điện bao gồm tiết chế và rơ-
le dòng điện ngược dùng trong
máy phát một chiều
(b) = control unit: Cụm điều khiển
l control cable n. cable usually in
an outer sheath, running from a
knob or lever to the device which
it operates or regulates. In US
English, it is control wire: Cáp
điều khiển
controlled burn rate see CBR
process: Tốc độ cháy được kiểm
soát
controlled combustion system (CCS)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
controlled vehicle
n. general motors term covering a
set of emission control measures,
including: modified combustion
champer design, high-
temperature coolant systems,
thermostatically controlled air
cleaners, very lean a/f mixtures,
high idle speed, severely retarded
ignition timing, TCS and TVS: ệ
thống kiểm soát quá trình cháy
controlled vehicle n. vehicle fitted
with a system for reducing
exhaust emissions, such as a
catalytic converter, air injection or
fuel evaporative emission control:
Xe được kiểm soát khí thải
l control plunger n. device in a fuel
injection system whose up-and-
down movement in the metering
unit of the fuel distributor controls
the open cross sectional area of
the metering ports and thus the
quantity of fuel supplies to the
individual cylinders: Van điều
khiển nhiên liệu
l control pressure n. pressure in
fuel injection systems; pressure
in an automatic transmission
which acts on the commands
valves and is derived from line
pressure or from throttle pressure:
Áp suất điều khiển
l control stalk n. spindle projecting
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
conventional spare wheel
from the steering column just
below the steering wheel, on
which are grouped controls for
some or all the following; light,
windscreen wipers and washers,
direction indicators and horns:
Công tắc tổ hợp trong tay lái
l control unit n. = electronic control
unit: Cụm điều khiển điện tử
l control valve n. valve regulating
or operating a system, especially
a hydraulic or vacuum control
system: Van điều khiển
l control valve assembly = casting
located in the sump of an
automatic
gearbox, which contains most of the
valves for the hydraulic control
system: Cụm van điều khiển
l control wire n. US = control cable
conv n. = convertible
conventional ignition system n.
ignition system consisting of
battery, ignition switch, ballast
resistor, ignition coil, distributor
and capacitor, contact breaker,
centrifugal or vacuum advance
unit, sparking plug and ignition
cables: Hệ thống đánh lửa
thường (vít lửa)
conventional spare wheel n. spare
wheel identical with the standard
105
conversion
wheels on a car: Bánh xe dự phòng
conversion n. (a) changing from on
state into another, e.g. of toxious
gases into harmless gases: Sự
chuyển đổi trạng thái
(b) altered state of a particular
system, or set of parts needed to
achieve it: Trạng thái đã thay đổi
của một hệ thống
l manual choke conversion (kit)
= parts needed to change an
automatic choke into a manually
operated choke: Phụ tùng để
chuyển bướm gió tự động sang
bướm gió tay
l conversion coating n. metal
surface coating consisting of a
compound of the base metal: Lớp
nền (sơn)
l conversion rate n. rate at which
a given catalytic converter
purifies the exhaust gas stream,
governed by various parameters
such as operating conditions and
converter design: Tốc độ hoá khử
converter n. (a) = torque converter:
bộ biến mơ.
(b) = catalytic converter: Bộ xúc tác
(c) = adapter: Đầu chuyển tiếp, đầu
nối
l converter case n. assembly in
106
coolant
an automatic gearbox comprising
the impeller with the converter
cover welded to it, containing
the converter fluid and vane
wheel s and connected to the
crankshaft via the drive plate
and revolving at engine speed:
Vỏ bộ biến mô
l converter cover n. part in an
automatic gearbox welded to the
pump, with which it constitutes
the converter case: Vỏ bơm bộ
biến mô
l converter housing n. (a)
stationary outer part of the
automatic gearbox casing which
houses the converter case: Vỏ
hộp số tự động
(b) housing of a catalytic converter,
also called converter shell: Vỏ bộ
xúc tác
convertible n. car with a hood that
can be folded down or a hard
top which can be removed, also
called open car: Xe mui xếp (mui
trần)
l US converter top = soft foldable
top of an open car, top of an open
car, made of canvas or vinyl and
usually including a PVC rear
window: Mui xếp
coolant n. mixture of water and anti-
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
cooling fan
freeze (usually now with corrosion
inhibitors) in the cooling system:
Nước làm mát động cơ
l coolant level warning light n.
light on the instrument panel with
comes on when there is too little
coolant in the cooling system:
Đèn báo mực nước làm mát
l coolant pump n. = water pump:
Bơm nước làm mát
l coolant temperature sensor n.
sensor usually on the bottom of
the radiator connected to the
temperature gauge: Cảm biến
nhiệt độ nước làm mát
cooling fan n. large and powerful fan
on an air cooled engine, usually
of the axial flow type, driven via a
v-belt from the engine crankshaft,
with supplies a large volume of
cooling air to the cooling fins of
the engine, and adds significantly
to engine noise: Quạt làm mát két
nước
l cooling fins n. protruding strips
of flat metal cast on the cylinder
of air cooled engines (and
sometimes other component) to
increase the available cooling
surface, and to improve heat
dissipation: Cánh tản nhiệt
l cooling jacket n. = water jacket:
Áo nước
cooling system n. system for keeping
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
core
the temperature of an engine
down to a desirable level, usually
by the circulation of water with
additives: Hệ thống làm mát
copolymer n. polymer produce from
two different monomers: Hợp
chất cao phân tử được sản xuất
từ hai đơn thể
copper core n. central electrode of
a sparking plug or the wires of an
ht lead made of copper, which is
an excellent conductor electricity:
Lõi đồng của điện cực bu-gi hoặc
dây cao áp
l copper-core lead =
(unsuppressed) ht lead with a
copper core: Dây phin lõi đồng
l copper-faced hammer n.
hammer with a round head made
of copper, used on items which
would be damaged by the use of
a harder steel hammer, such as
knock-off hubcaps or spinners:
Búa đầu đồng
l copper plating n. applying a thin
layer of copper by electrolytic
deposition, especially on parts
in the electrical system such as
terminals and contacts: Mạ đồng
cord n. strong thread usually of
nylon used in the carcass of a
tyre: Lõi vỏ xe
core n. (a) central part which is
107
cornering
entirely enclosed, as in an ignition
coil, a sparking plug, an electrical
lead or a tyre valve: lõi, cực
(b) main part of a radiator below
the header tank, consisting
of numerous small tubes with
cooling fins and gaps between
for the air to pass through: Vỉ làm
mát trong két nước
l core plug n. sheet metal disc
inserted in a hole in the water
jacket of the cylinder block to
prevent it from cracking if the
coolant should freeze due to
insufficient anti-freeze, the
core plug being forced out by
the pressure created by the
expansion of the water when
frozen. In US English, it is freeze-
plug: Nút chống nứt lốc máy
(bằng kim loại, đặt bên ngoài áo
nước)
cornering n. negotiation of a corner
or bend: Sự quay vòng
l good/ poor cornering (ability)
= ability / inability of a car to
go round corners safely at a
reasonable speed, without body
roll and breakaway: Khả năng
quay vòng tốt/xấu
l cornering forces = forces exerted
on a tyre by the slip angle when
taking a corner: Lực tác dụng lên
bánh xe khi quay vòng
108
cost-effective
l corner speed = speed at which a
corner is taken: Tốc độ khi quay
vòng xe (cua, quẹo)
corrode v. (a) to suffer corrosion,
especially rust: Ăn mòn
(b) to cause corrosion in: Làm ăn
mòn
l corrosion n. chemical process
in which a metal is eaten away,
such as the oxidation of iron and
steel, otherwise known a rusting:
Sự ăn mòn (hóa học)
l corrosion control or prevention or
protection = minimizing corrosion
by coating with a protective metal,
an oxide, or similar substance,
or with a protective paint, or by
rendering the metal passive:
Kiểm soát (chống) sự ăn mòn
l corrosion inhibitor = substance
formed at a result of corrosion:
Chất được hình thành trong quá
trình ăn mòn
l corrosion resistance = ability of
metals to withstand corrosion:
Khả năng chống ăn mòn
l corrosion warranty = anti–
corrosion warranty
l corrosive a. causing corrosion:
Làm ăn mòn
cost-effective a. worthwhile in terms
of tangible benefits produced by
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
cost option
money spent: Đầu tư có hiệu
quả, có lợi nhuận
cost option n. option extra for a new
car available on payment of an
additional sum: Chi phí gắn thêm
cotter n. tapered pin or wedge
inserted through holes in two
parts such as a or wheel or other
part on a shaft, so us to hold the
two parts firmly in position relative
to one another: Chốt giữ
l cotter pin = (a) split pin
(b) cotter
coulomb (c) n. unit of electric charge
being the amount of electricity
conveyed in one second by a
current of one ampere: Cu-lông
countershaft n. US = lay shaft: Trục
trung gian
countersink v. to enlarge the part of a
hole on the surface of the material
so that a conical recess is formed
to take the correspondingly
shaped heat of a screw, which
will then be flush with the surface:
Mặt vít lỗ ren
l countersunk bolt or screw = bolt
or screw the back of whose head
is angled to conform with the
angle (countersink angle) of the
sides of the hole into which it is
fitted: Đinh vít hoặc bu-lông chìm
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
courtesy light
l countersunk hole = enlarged
hole with slopping sides: Lỗ vít
l counterweight n. (a) weight
added to the crankshaft of an
engine to improve smoothness of
running at low engine speeds as
well as even increase or decrease
of speed, usually in the form of an
extension of the crank web on the
opposite side from the crankpin:
Đối trọng (trục khuỷu)
(b) = balance weight: Trọng lượng
cân bằng
coupe n. car with closed two-door
bodywork usually having a boot
(i.e. not a hatch back) and sleek
and sporty lines, the rear seat
often being rather cramped: Xe
hai cửa
coupling n. part for joining two
parts, especially shafts: Khớp nối
l coupling sleeve = sleeve or collar
moved along the main shaft of
a gearbox by a selector fork
engaging in a groove of its centre
and having dog clutches at either
end: Ống trục dịch chuyển theo
trục chính của hộp số có cơ cấu
định vị
courtesy light n. interior light which
comes on when the door is
opened: Đèn trần
109
cowl
cowl n. (a) part of the bodywork
with protects and/ or provides
streamlining for a usually
projecting component: Tấm cản
trước đầu xe
(b) US = scuttle
cowling n. = cowl
c-pillar or c-post n. third vertical
pillar of a typical saloon body
shell behind the rear door and
to either side of the rear window,
connecting the rear of the roof to
the side of the body: Trụ đỡ phía
sau khung cửa sau
CR or CR = compression ratio: Tỷ
số nén
cracking n. forming of cracks, e.g.
in the sidewalls of a tyre due to
hardening of the rubber, or in
paintwork due to weathering of
an excessively deep coat: Sự nứt
(vỏ xe hoặc sơn)
crank 1 n.(a) arm incorporating a
right
angle, often mounted on a shaft: Tay
quay
(b) = crankshaft: Trục khuỷu
2 v. to turn (the engine) by means of
the starter or with a handle: Khởi
động, đề
110
compression
l cranking enrichment = posision
of a richer mixture for starting the
engine: Làm giàu hoà khí khi khởi
động
l cranking speed = speed at which
the starter turns the engine: Tốc
độ khởi động
l crankcase n. part of the engine
that house the crankshaft (and
usually the oil pump) and carries
the sump, typically made of cast
iron and in one piece with the
engine block: Các-te
l crankcase breather = vent
which allows fumes and blowby
gases to escape, and reduces
condensation, usually connected
to the air intake of the carburettor
so that the fumes can be burnt
in the combustion champer: Lỗ
thông hơi các-te
l crankcase compression or pre-
compression = initial compression
of the fuel, air and oil mixture in
a two-stroke engine in the area
below the pistons to enable more
fresh charge to be fed into the
cylinder: Nén trước trong động
cơ hai thì
l crankcase emissions = pollutants
allowed to escape into the
atâmosphere from the crankcase:
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
crankcase half
Sự ô nhiễm do hơi các-te
l crankcase half = one side of the
crankcase where it is split down
the middle, especially in single-
cylinder motorcycle engines: Nửa
nắp các-te (trong xe gắn máy).
l crankcase scavenging = system
in a two–stroke engine where
the fresh charge is induced into
the cylinder via the crankcase
and the transfer ports: Hệ thống
nạp khí qua các-te (trong động
cơ hai thì)
l crankcase ventilation = circulation
of air through the crankcase of
a running engine to removed
water, blow–by and other gases
and thus prevent oil dilution and
contamination, sludge formation
and pressure build-up: Thông hơi
các-te
l cranked a. having an elbow
or right angle shape in it, e.g. a
starting handle or wheel brace:
Tay quay
l crankpin n. journal on which the
connecting rod of a piston engine
is mounted: Cổ trục gá lắp đầu
thanh truyền
l crankshaft n. part of the engine
connected to the pistons by
connecting rods which converts
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
crankshaft sprocket
the reciprocating or up and down
motion of the pistons into rotary
motion used to provide the drive
to the wheels via the clutch and
transmission: Trục khuỷu, cốt
máy
l crankshaft journal = term usually
applied to the journals running in
the main bearings as opposed to
those for the big-end bearings:
Cổ trục chính trục khuỷu
l crankshaft position sensor =
sensor which transmits data on the
exact position of the crankshaft to
the engine management system
for accurate ignition timing: Cảm
biến vị trí pít-tông (vị trí trục
khuỷu)
l crankshaft pully = pully on the
nose of the crankshaft which
may be toothed for use with
a cogged belt for driving the
crankshaft, or recessed to
accept a v-belt, or slotted to
take a ribbed belt for driving
the alternator or dynamo plus
sometimes the fans and water
pump, it may also carry timing
marks: Puli trục khuỷu
l crankshaft sprocket = sprocket
mounted on the nose of the
crankshaft driving the camshaft
111
crash
via a timing chain: Bánh răng trục
khuỷu (truyền động xích)
l crank throw n. distance between
the crankpin and the axis of
rotation or centreline of the
crankshaft, which is equal to half
the stroke: Bán kính khuỷu
l crank web n. one of the pair of
arms which carries the big-end
journal: Má trục khuỷu
crash n. collision either with another
car or usually into some stationary
objects: Sự đụng xe
l crash barrier = barrier with
longitudinal members designed
to prevent a vehicle which is out
of control from leaving a road or
race track, or on a motorway from
crossing the central reserve: Con
lươn, hàng rào phân ranh giới
l crash gearbox n. gearbox
without any synchromesh, thus
requiring double declutching,
also informally called crash box:
Hộp số không có bộ đồng tốc
crash recorder n. electric device
that measures the speed and
direction of a motor vehicle,
as well as brake and indicator
activity: Hộp ghi dữ liệu xe khi
xảy ra tai nạn
l crash sensor = sensor which
112
creep
triggers the air bag when a
certain degree of deceleration is
exceeded, i.e. in a severe frontal
crash: Cảm biến va chạm (điều
khiển gối hơi)
l crash test = controlled test in
which a vehicle is propelled into a
wall or another vehicle at a given
speed, in order to study the effect
on its structure, the effectiveness
of safety belts, etc.: Thử nghiệm
va chạm.
crawler n. (informal) slow-moving
vehicle: Xe chạy chậm
l crawler gear = extremely low
gear mainly for off-road use: Số
cực thấp
l crawler lane = separate lane
for heavy lorries and other slow-
moving vehicles on a hill: Làn
đường dành cho xe chạy chậm
crazing n. development of a network
of fine cracks on or just under
the surface of paintwork: Sự phát
triển của những vết nứt sơn
crease n. ridge produced by folding
of the metal either as part of the
design or as a result of accident
damage: Vết móp
creep n. tendency of a vehicle
with automatic transmission to
edge forwards when idling with
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
crescent crossbar

drive engaged unless held on the connections: Kìm bấm dây

brake: Sự trườn xe ở tốc độ cầm
chừng khi không phanh (xe có
hộp số tự động)
l creepage n. spreading of
corrosion, especially rust, under
paintwork causing blistering
and flaking: Sự lan gỉ dưới lớp
sơn
l creeper n. low flat trolley made
of wooden slats with castors,
used by mechanics to lie on
when working under a vehicle:
Xe gỗ dùng để chui gầm (sửa
chữa)
critical speed n. engine or shaft
speed at which some unwanted
phenomenon such as vibration
sets in: Tốc độ tới hạn
crocodile clip n. spring clip with
serrated jaws for making
temporary electrical connections,
as on jump leads. In US English, it
is alligator clip: Kẹp cá sấu (điện)
crossbar n. (a) any transverse bar,
especially a tie rod across the
chassis, also specifically the top
tube of a cycle or motorcycle

crescent n. (in internal gear pumps) frame: Thanh ngang

part between the inner and outer (b) US = tommy bar
gears: Hình lưỡi liềm (phần nằm
l cross coat n. paint spraying
giữa bánh răng trong và ngoài
technique in which consecutive
của bơm bánh răng)
coats are sprayed at right
crest n. highest point of a screw angles to one another: Kỹ thuật
thread, opposite is root: Đỉnh ren sơn chữ thập
crimping n. creation of corrugations
l cross-country vehicle n. = off-
in two thin metal parts as they are
road vehicle: Xe địa hình
pressed tightly together in order
to join them, a method often used l cross-draught carburettor n.=
in place of soldering for electrical side draught carburettor: Bộ chế
connections: Nếp gấp chỗ nối hòa khí chéo.
dây với đầu giắc cấm l cross flow cylinder head n.
crimping pliers or tool = tool in the cylinder head design (especially
form of pliers with serrated jaws in an OHC–engine) with the inlet
especially for creating electrical manifold on one side and the

Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô 113

cross flow radiator
exhaust manifold on the other
side of the head, so that inlet and
exhaust valves are arranged on
opposite sides of the combustion
champer, giving a wider engine
but better gas flow: Nắp máy (quy
lát) có ống góp hút và thải đối
xứng
l cross flow radiator n. radiator in
which the water flows sideways
instead of vertically, and which is
therefore wider than it’s height,
permitting a lower bonnet line:
Bộ tản nhiệt với dòng nước
chảy ngang
l cross-head screw n. screw
whose head has a double slot in
the shape of a cross, design to
accept a special screw-driver: Vít
đầu chữ thập
l cross-head screwdriver = design of alloy wheel which
screwdriver such as the phillips or
pozidriv type with cross-shaped
ridges in its point for cross-head
screws: tuốc nơ vít đầu chữ thập
(bake)
l cross member n. any structural
main body or chassis member
mounted transversely, i.e.
linking left- and right- hand side
members: Thanh ngang (khung)
l cross-ply tyre n. tyre in which
114
crown
the plies are laid diagonally,
running across the carcass and
crisscrossing one another at an
angle of about 300-400: Vỏ xe với
lớp bố lót
l cross point screwdriver n. =
cross head screwdriver: Tuốc nơ
vít đầu chữ thập (bake)
l cross scavenging n. scavenging
in a two-stroke engine with flow
across the cylinder assisted by a
wedge-shaped piston crown: Sự
quét khí thẳng
l cross section n. view of an object
when cut transversely at right
angles across its centre: Mặt cắt
l cross shaft n. any transverse
shaft: Trục ngang
l cross-spoke wheel n. modern
imitates the appearance of the
classical wire wheel: Mâm đúc
giả căm
l cross-threaded a. (of a bolt)
damaged by being inserted in a
threaded hole at an angle: Bị trèo
ren
l crosswind n. wind blowing at the
side of the car: Gió ngang (xe)
l crown n. (a) top part, especially of
a piston: Đỉnh, đầu (piston)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
cruise
(b) outward curvature of an apparently
flat sheet metal panel: Đường
cong biên (thân xe)
l crown wheel n. large of two
gears in a bevel gear drive with
teeth round its periphery facing
sideways: Bánh răng nón chủ
động (cầu)
l crown wheel and pinion = pair of
gears the final drive of a vehicle,
always found in the back axle
of a rear-wheel drive layout
where the pinion is on the end
of the propeller shaft driving
the crown wheel mounted on
the differential at right angles
to it, and also in front wheel
drives where the engine is not
transversely mounted: Vòng răng
và bánh răng nón chủ động (cầu)
l cruciform frame n. frame with it
x-shaped bracing either a chassis
frame, or in a monocoque as
strengthening for the floor: Khung
hình chữ X
cruise v. to drive at a constant
speed, using a fairly small throttle
opening: Chạy theo trớn
l cruise control n. computer
controlled system which
maintains a preset speed unit
the driver overrides the system
by braking or accelerating, or
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
cup seal
by shutting it off: Hệ thống điều
khiển chạy tự động
l cruising speed n. constant
speed at which a car can be
driven without strain: Tốc độ
chạy theo trớn
crumple zone n. front end (and also
sometimes the rear end) of a car
which is so designed that it gives
way in a crash in order to absorb
as much as possible of the impact:
Cản xe
crusher n. machine which crushes
scrapped cars into small blocks:
Máy ép xe phế thải
cubby hole n. glove compartment
on older cars, often without a lid:
Ngăn chứa đồ ở xe đời cũ
cubes n. (informal) US = cubic
inches
l cubic capacity n. volume of any
enclosed space, including a
cylinder or an engine: Dung tích
(xi-lanh)
l cubic centimetre n. usual unit of
measure for the capacity of an
engine, almost always abbreviated
to cc: Phân khối (cm3)
l cubic inch n. unit of measure for
the capacity of an engine used in
north america, equal to 16.387
cc: Inch khối
cup seal n. synthetic rubber seal
115
curb
with a single lip used for sealing
hydraulic and pneumatic pistons:
Phốt (dùng cho pít-tông thủy lực
hoặc khí nén)
l cup-shape wire brush n. circular
wire brush on an arbor for use
with an electric drill: Bàn chải sắt
để đánh bóng
curb n. US = kerb: Lề đường
cure v. (of a plastic) to harden: Tơi,
làm cứng
l curing time n. time required for a
plastic such as a filler or coating
to harden: Thời gian làm cứng
current regulator n. device for
controlling the current output
of a dynamo (which increases
with engine speed) by opening
a switch when the current
exceeds a certain value, thus
protecting the dynamo from
damage due to excess current:
Bộ tiết chế dòng điện (cho máy
phát một chiều)
custom a. individually made to suit
the requirements and tastes of
the owner, especially as regards
appearance: Sự thay đổi theo ý
chủ xe
l custom wheel = special wheel
with attractive styling, usually
alloy, available as an aftermarket
accessory, fitted mainly to make
116
cutting compound
a car look more sporty: Bánh xe
kiểu thể thao
l customize v. to alter a car to suit
the requirements and tastes of
the owner, especially as regards
appearance: Làm thay đổi theo ý
chủ xe
cut and shut a. (of a car) shortened
by cutting out a section of the
chassis and/or bodywork: Cắt
ngắn thân xe
l cutaway a. (of a drawing or
model) with part of the external
cover or causing removed to
show the internal parts and how
they work: Mô hình cắt bổ (hình
vẽ hoặc vật thật)
l cut-in speed n. speed at which
the dynamo has to rotate to
produce a voltage which is
greater than that across the
battery terminals: Tốc độ phát
điện (máy phát)
l cut-out n. circuit-breaker,
especially one in the charging
circuit of a dynamo, whose points
open when the dynamo output is
less than the battery voltage, so
that the battery does not drain
into the dynamo: Rơ-le ngắt dòng
điện ngược
cutting compound n. relatively
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
CV joint
abrasive paste used to bring up
the shine of paint finishes which
dry dull or have gone dull due to
neglect: Bột nhám làm bóng sơn
l cutting disc n. abrasive wheel of
an angle grinder: Đĩa cắt
l cutting line n. line established
by the factory along which weld-
up assemblies must be cut when
replacing a sheet metal part,
in order to maintain structural
strength in the finished repair:
Vạch cắt
l cutting torch n. oxyacetylene torch
for cutting through metal, used by
emergency services and people
dismantling vehicles: Mỏ hàn cắt
CV joint n. = constant velocity joint
CVT = continuously variable
transmission
CWT = hundredweight
cycle n. sequence of changes of
state after which the system is in
its original state again: Chu kỳ,
chu trình
cylinder n. tubular chamber which
accommodates a reciprocating
piston, a in an engine or a
hydraulic system: xi-lanh
l cylinder bank n. one half of the v
in a v-engine; i.e. one of the two
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
cylinder block
rows of four cylinders in the case
of a v-8: Dãy xi-lanh.
l cylinder barrel n. external casing
of a cylinder forming a separate
unit, especially of an air-cooled
engine: Phần bọc xi-lanh trong
động cơ làm mát bằng gió
cylinder block n. cast-iron or, less
frequently, cast-alloy casing
containing the cylinders of an
internal combustion engine, with
a water jacket if water-cooled
or cooling fins if air-cooled, and
usually in one piece with the
crankcase: Khối xi-lanh
l cylinder block heater = electric
heater element in the water
jacket connected to the mains
which warms the coolant before
the car is used, ensuring better
starting and faster engine and
heater warm-up: Sự hâm nóng
nước làm mát bằng điện trở nhiệt
để dễ khởi động
l cylinder charge n. quantity of fresh
mixture fed into the combustion
chamber prior to combustion:
Lượng khí nạp
l cylinder head n. casting on earlier
engines of cast iron and on most
modern engines of cat aluminium,
bolted on top of the cylinder
117
cylinder head tester
block, usually containing part
of the combustion chamber(s)
with the valves and the sparking
plugs: Nắp quy lát (nắp máy)
l cylinder head bolt or nut = bolt
or nut holding the cylinder head
down: Bu-lông và đai ốc nắp
quy lát
l cylinder head gasket = gasket
located between the cylinder
block and cylinder head to seal
the combustion chamber and
to prevent compression and
coolant leaks, usually more than
one material: Roong nắp máy,
roong quy lát
cylinder head tester n. device used
to detect cylinder head leakages
which cause combustion gases
118
cylinder hone
to appear in the cooling system:
Dụng cụ kiểm tra hiện tượng thổi
roong
cylinder hone n. special tool for use
with an electric drill or air tools to
hone and polish engine, clutch or
brake cylinders, with a number
of hone stones that adjust to
different cylinder bore diameters
by spring tension: Dụng cụ xoáy
và đánh bóng xi-lanh
l cylinder liner n. hard metal insert
in the cylinder block forming the
cylinder wall, and in which the
pistons run, also called cylinder
sleeve: Sơ-mi, ống lót
l cylinder wall n. internal face of the
cylinder or bore: Thành xi-lanh
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
 D dash
Dd
D (a) = Diesel: Động cơ diesel
(b) = Drive: Số D trong hộp số tự
động
(c) = mark on the output (live)
terminal on a dynamo: Ký hiệu
cực ra (phát điện) của máy phát
damp v. to reduce the oscillations of
(a spring, carburetor piston, etc.)
or the vibration in (a crankshaft,
etc.): Làm giảm dao động, làm
giảm rung
l damper n. any device which
reduces oscillations (either
mechanical or electrical) or
vibration, such as a shock
absorber in the suspension,
or a vibration damper on the
crankshaft: Bộ giảm chấn, giảm
dao động (cả cơ và điện)
l damper piston = piston in a cylinder
whose movement is restricted by
a liquid or gas, which thus also
restricts the movement of another
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
member to which it is connected:
Pít-tông bộ giảm xóc
l damper springs = springs in a
clutch plate providing a cushion
against sudden loads due to
abrupt engagement: Lò xo giảm
chấn (ly hợp)
l damper strut = suspension strut
whose hub carries are attached
to the spring element rather than
to the damper tube: Thanh chống
bộ giảm chấn (hệ thống treo)
l damping force or rate n. amount
of damping applied by a shock
absorber: Lực tắt dần của bộ
giảm chấn
dash (board) n. = instrument panel:
Bảng đồng hồ (tableau) trước
mặt tài xế, bảng điều khiển
l dashboard gear change n. gear
change layout with the gear lever
mounted in and protruding from
119
dashpot
the dashboard: Cần điều khiển
sang số trước bảng đồng hồ
l dashboard plaque n. metal
plate, typically made of brass or
chromium-plated steel, awarded
for attendance or winning a prize
at a rally or other event, or with
the supplier’s name and address:
Bảng danh dự bằng đồng thau
mạ crôm (cho người thắng cuộc
đua xe)
l dash panel n. (a) structural panel
with bracings across the width
of the car on the inside of the
bulkhead below the windscreen
that provides the mounting
locations of the dashboard:
Khung trước vô lăng để gắn các
đồng hồ và các bộ phận điều
khiển
(b) bulkhead: Tấm ngăn bùn, tấm
chắn
dashpot n. small housing for a
damper piston moving in oil,
such as that of a carburetor: Bộ
giảm chấn nhỏ (gá lắp trên bộ
chế hòa khí, có tác dụng làm ga
giảm từ từ)
dazzle n. glare from the headlights
of on coming traffic which can
momentarily blind a driver: Sự
chói mắt (từ đèn pha của xe chạy
ngược chiều)
120
dead battery
dBA n. measurement of the level of
sound pressure with reference to
a particular circuit on a sound-
level meter which reacts in a
similar way to the ear: Đơn vị đo
cường độ âm thanh
DC = Direct Current: Dòng điện một
chiều
l DC generator n. US = dynamo:
Máy phát điện một chiều
DC rim n. = DROP-CENTRE RIM
dead battery n. (informal) = flat
battery: Ắc quy chết, ắc quy hết
điện
l dead axle n. axle that supports
weight and attached parts, but
does not deliver power to a wheel
or other rotating member: Trục,
cầu cố định
l dead centre n. position of the
piston either at the top or the
bottom of its stroke: Điểm chết
(piston)
l dead pedal n. footrest to the left
of the clutch on some vehicles:
Bàn để chân
l dead space n. space below
the piston available for pre-
compression of the incoming fresh
charge of the two-stroke engine:
Không gian dưới pít-tông để nén
khí nạp trong động cơ hai kỳ
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
dealer
dealer n. person whose business
is buying and selling cars: Đại lý
mua bán xe
death rattle n. (informal) noise from
an engine which indicates that
it is likely to break down at any
moment: Tiếng khựng của động
cơ (sắp chết máy)
debugging n. eradicating faults in a
system: Sự sửa chữa lỗi chương
trình
deburr v. to remove burrs from a
metal surface: Mài nhẵn (bề mặt
kim loại)
l deburring n. removing burrs from
a metal surface: Sự mài nhẵn
decal n. type of transfer bearing
a model name or logo or other
wording: Nhãn, mác, tem (xe)
decarbonize v. to remove carbon
deposit from the piston top and
combustion chambers of an
engine: Khử carbon, làm sạch
muội than (pít-tông, buồng đốt)
decelerate v. to slow down by
taking one’s foot off the throttle
(opposite is accelerate). Giảm
tốc, giảm ga
l deceleration n. slowing down:
Sự giảm tốc
l deceleration fuel cut-off = in an
electrically controlled carburetion
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
De Dion axle
or fuel injection system, cutting
off the fuel supply when the
engine is at operation, the throttle
is closed, and engine speed is
above tick-over: Chế độ cắt nhiên
liệu khi giảm tốc
deck n. (a) floor of a commercial
vehicle, especially a bus: Sàn xe
(b) in an engine, top face of the
cylinder block on which the
cylinder head rests: Bề mặt khối
xy lanh (tiếp xúc với nắp máy)
l deck panel n. = rear deck panel:
Tấm ngăn phía sau
declutch v. to disengage the clutch:
Nhả ly hợp
decoke v. = decarbonize: Khử
carbon, làm sạch muội than
decompressor n. valve, often
manually operated and mostly
on old or diesel engines, which
releases compression in a
cylinder by allowing air to escape
in order to facilitate manual
starting (or kick-starting of a
motorcycle): Van xả khi khởi
động tay (động cơ cũ)
dedicated a. designed for a specific
use or for a specific vehicle:
Chuyên dụng
De Dion axle n. rear-wheel drive
layout with virtually semi-
121
defect
independent suspension, having
a solid tubular cross member
attached to both wheel carriers
and a single pivot point forward
of the axle, the differential being
attached to the chassis and thus
part of the sprung mass of the
vehicle: Cầu xe kiểu De Dion
defect n. fault in a system or flaw in
materials or a finish: Khuyết tật,
chỗ sai
l defective a. faulty or flawed: Có
thiếu sót, có khuyết tật
defensive driving n. taking into
account the likelihood of mistakes
that could be made by other
drivers and driving accordingly:
Cẩn trọng với lỗi của các tài xế
khác
deflated a. (of a tyre) having lost all
its air; containing no air: Xì hơi,
xẹp lốp
l deflation n. loss of air from a tyre:
Sự nổ lốp, sự xì lốp (vỏ)
deflection n. movement of a member,
especially part of the suspension,
when subjected to a load: Độ
võng, sự võng xuống (hệ thống
treo)
l deflector n. special piston profile
used to achieve cross scavenging
in earlier two-stroke engines: Kết
122
degrease
cấu đặc biệt của pít-tông động cơ
hai kỳ để quét khí
l deflector piston = now obsolete
piston design, featuring a
profiled crown intended to
help direct the incoming fresh
mixture upwards to expel the
burnt exhaust gas from the
cylinder: Pít-tông đầu có phần
dẫn hướng dòng khí quét
defogger n. US = demister: Bộ phận
làm tan băng, bộ xông kính
deformation n. alteration of shape
or dimensions of a body caused
by stresses, expansion or
contraction due to temperature
or moisture change, or chemical
or metallurgical change: Sự biến
dạng
l deformation zone = crumple
zone: Vùng biến dạng.
defroster n. US = demister: Bộ phận
làm tan băng, bộ xông kính
degradation n. deterioration in the
condition of a material: Sự thoái
hóa vật liệu
degrease v. to remove the oil and
grease from the surface (of a
part): Tẩy nhờn (dầu, nhớt)
l degreasing n. removal of grease
or oil from surfaces : Sự tẩy nhờn
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
dehumidifier
l degreasing agent = usually a
solvent, but can also be an
alkaline solution or steam, used
for removing oil and grease: Chất
tẩy nhờn
dehumidifier n. device which absorbs
moisture from the air, e.g. in a
garage or in an air-conditioning
system: Máy hút hơi ẩm, làm khô
(không khí), giảm độ ẩm
de-ice v. to remove ice from the from
of an windscreen or rear window:
Làm tan băng
de-icer n. liquid usually in the form of
an aerosol spray for removing ice
from wind-screens and windows:
Dung dịch chống đóng băng,
dung dịch làm tan băng
deionized water n. water from which
impurities have been removed by
a special process, for topping up
batteries: Nước cất
delay valve n. valve used in vacuum
or hydraulic systems whose
closing or opening action is
delayed, e.g. delaying vacuum
signals by about 10-30 seconds
in the lines connected to the
distributor vacuum advance: Van
trì hoãn, van làm trễ
deliver v. (a) (of a pump, etc.) to
pump or discharge (a liquid):
Bơm hoặc đẩy chất lỏng
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
demist
(b) to drive (a new car) from the
factory to the distributor or dealer:
Giao xe cho đại lý
l delivery n. (a) discharging of a
liquid from a pump, etc.: Đẩy chất
lỏng bằng bơm
(b) driving a new car from the factory
to the distributor or dealer: Sự
phân phối xe đến người bán
l delivery pipe/ side = outlet pipe/
side: Ống phân phối
l delivery valve = valve on the outlet
side of a pump: Van ở đầu ra của
bơm
l delivery mileage only = has only
been driven from the factory to the
dealer who is selling the car: Chỉ
chạy từ nhà máy lắp ráp đến đại lý
delta configuration n. triangular
connection of the three stator
windings of an alternator: Đấu
dây kiểu tam giác (máy phát)
Deluxe (DL) a. better in its quality or
level of equipment than the basic
version: Hạng sang
demist v. to clear the windscreen
or rear window when they have
misted up (or when ice has formed
on the outside) (it takes longer to
clear fronts or ice on the outside
than internal condensation): Gạt
sương, làm tan sương
123
demonstrator
l demister n. device or system for
clearing a windscreen or rear
window which is misted up or
covered in ice. In English, which
is defogger or defroster: Hệ thống
xông kính, gạt sương
demonstrator n. car used by a dealer
for test drives and sold at a
reduced price after a year or less
of use: Xe để khách hàng chạy
thử và bán hạ giá sau đó
l ex-demonstrator for sale = car for
sale which has been used as a
demonstrator: Xe để khách hàng
chạy thử được đem bán
demountable rim = detachable rim:
Niềng xe rời
Denovo tyre n. special tyre (fitted to
a special rim) which used to be
made by Dunlop, and can be run
flat for up to 100 miles at up to 50
mph Denovo: Lốp xe Denovo
density n. compactness of a
substance, expressed as the
quotient of its mass and its
volume, or mass per unit volume:
Tỷ trọng
dent n. hollow or dip, e.g. in part of
the body, caused by a sharp blow
or impact: Vết lõm, vết thụn
l to hammer out a dent = to hammer
a panel from behind where it has
124
depth gauge
been dented so that the metal
surface regains its correct shape:
Gò cho bằng lại
2 v. to cause a dent in (a body
panel, etc.): Làm thụn vào, làm
lõm vào
l dent puller n. tool with a powerful
suction cup to pull dented doors,
wings, bonnets, etc. back into
shape: Máy kéo chỗ thụn (thân xe)
deposit 1 n. (a) coating of material,
especially unwanted, or layer or
sediment at the bottom of a tank:
Chất bám, muội than
(b) sum of money paid in advance as
part payment: Tiền đặt cọc
2 v. to apply (a coating of metal,
etc.): Phết vào, tác động vào, áp
dụng, ứng dụng
l zinc is deposited electrolytically
= a layer of zinc is applied by
electrolysis: Kẽm được phủ bằng
điện phân
depreciation n. loss of value due to
age or deterioration: Sự giảm giá,
sự sụt giá do cũ hoặc hư
depression n. restricted airflow
causing low pressure and a partial
vacuum: Dòng khí nạp vào ít
depth gauge n. measuring tool for
depth measurements: Thước đo
chiều sâu
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
derust
l depth micrometer n. micrometer
used for precise measuring of
hole depths, recesses, keyways,
and other depth measurements:
Vi kế (panme) đo chiều sâu
l depth of thread n. distance from
thread crest to root, measured
perpendicular to the axis of the
thread: Chiều sâu ren
derust v. to remove the rust from
metal parts: Cạo rỉ sét
derv n. Diesel oil, which used as a
fuel for road vehicles: Nhiên liệu
dùng cho động cơ diesel
descaling n. removal of scale or
metallic oxide from metallic
surfaces by pickling: Sự cạo sạch
lớp oxít bằng cách gõ, gõ gỉ
design 1 n. arrangement of parts;
form of construction: Cách sắp
xếp, cách trình bày, sự sáng tạo,
sự thiết kế
2 v. to arrange the parts or construction
of (a car, an engine, etc.): Thiết kế
l design engineer = designer
responsible for mechanical parts:
kỹ sư thiết kế
l design feature = particularly good
or unusual aspect of a vehicle,
etc.: Đặc điểm thiết kế
l designer n. person responsible
for the concept of a new car, etc.:
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
detonation
Người thiết kế
desmodromic a. (of valves, valve
operation) closed as well as
opened by mechanical means:
Đóng mở bằng cơ khí
desorption n. removing adsorbed
material, which is opposite to
adsorption: Sự tách ra (bóc ra)
detachable rim n. rim which is
bolted to the wheel spider and
can be removed to facilitate tyre
changing, now mainly seen on
lorries: Vành bánh xe (niềng xe)
có thể tháo rời
detergent n. additive used in oil or petrol
which either removes deposits or
holds the contaminating materials
in suspension (which prevents
them coating sensitive surfaces
such as pistons): Chất phụ gia
được cho vào xăng dầu để tẩy
các lớp bám
detonation n. condition in the
combustion chambers that gives
rise to knocking or pinking, which
occurs when fuel is ignited too
early or spontaneously, due to
excessive ignition advance or
low octane fuel. This results in
colliding flame fronts and shock
waves which can in turn cause
over-heating and mechanical
stress: Sự kích nổ
125
detoxed vehicle
l detonation sensor = sensor
mounted near the cylinder bores in
the cylinder block, used to detect
engine knocking and to retard the
ignition correspondingly in order
to prevent engine damage: Cảm
biến kích nổ
detoxed vehicle n = controlled
vehicle: Xe được điều khiển
detuned a. to be adjusted
intentionally, so as to reduce
power, either for economy or for
greater flexibility: Cố ý chỉnh giảm
công suất để tiết kiệm xăng
l a detuned road-going version = a
version of a car used for racing
which has less power and is
suitable for road use: Xe đua
được chỉnh lại để chạy đường
trường
dewax v. to remove the wax from
bodywork: Đánh sạch lớp sơn
dew point n. temperature at which
vapour begins to condense: Điểm
ngưng tụ, nhiệt độ ngưng tụ
DFC = Digital Frequency Control
diagnostic centre n. part of a garage
or workshop where diagnostic testing
is under-taken: Phòng chẩn đoán
hư hỏng
l diagnostic computer = computer
used for diagnostic testing: Máy
126
diagonal belt
chẩn đoán hư hỏng
l diagnostic link = connection
between the diagnostic socket
on the vehicle and an engine
analyzer: Giắc chẩn đoán
l diagnostic socket = socket on the
vehicle connected to a diagnostic
system to which an engine
analyzer can be attached: Giắc
nối máy chẩn đoán
l diagnostic system = system of
electronic devices on the vehicle
which alerts the driver when a fault
occurs, and to which an engine
analyzer can be connected: Hệ
thống chẩn đoán
l diagnostic testing = testing of
a vehicle system such as the
electrical system or fuel injection to
detect faults, usually by means of a
computerized engine analyzer: Sự
kiểm tra bằng máy chẩn đoán
diagonal belt n. = shoulder belt: Đai
an toàn
l diagonal split braking system n.
Dual-circuit braking systems. In
which, each circuit brakes one
front wheel and the diagonally
opposite rear wheel, so that
in case of failure of one circuit
reasonably balanced braking can
be achieved: Hệ thống phanh
dạng mạch chéo
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
dial
dial n. usually circuit face of a
measuring instrument such as a
gauge or speedometer: Mặt chia
vạch trên đồng hồ đo
l dial caliper n. slide-type caliper
with dial-type indicator: Thước
kẹp có đồng hồ
l dial gauge n. precision measuring
tool for taking measurements in
hundredths of a millimetre or
thousandths of an inch, having
a plunger or contact arm and a
dial face with needle to register
measurement, and used, for
example, to measure taper in
engine cylinders, run out of
gears, or the trueness of a shaft:
So kế
l dial torque wrench n. torque
wrench which measures torque
applied while the nut or bolt is
being tightened and indicates the
value on a calibrated dial: Cần
siết lực có đồng hồ hiển thị
diameter n. length of a straight
line through the centre of a
circular object connecting two
directly opposite points on its
circumference: Đường kính
diaphragm n. thin, flexible membrane
displaced under pressure, e.g. in
vacuum units, often connected
to a rod or other members to
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
dickey seat
transmit movement: Màng (bơm,
bộ sớm chân không)
l diaphragm clutch n. = diaphragm
spring clutch: Bộ ly hợp có lò xo
màng
l diaphragm link n. An arm
connecting the diaphragm and
the distributor base plate in a
vacuum advance mechanism:
Thanh nối của màng (đánh lửa
sớm chân không)
l diaphragm pump n. glandless
reciprocating pump which a
flexible diaphragm is moved
backwards and forwards by a
solenoid or mechanically, used
typically as a fuel as a fuel pump
on an engine: Bơm màng
l diaphragm spring n. large metal
disc with spring fingers formed by
cutting internal radial slots, used in
clutches: Lò xo dạng lá của ly hợp
l diaphragm spring clutch =
most common type of clutch
used in modern vehicles with
manual transmission, in which
a diaphragm spring keeps the
pressure plate in contact with the
frictions plate: Bộ ly hợp có lò xo
lá (dạng mặt trời)
dickey seat n. extra folding seat in
the back of a two-seater, common
in the 1920s. In US English, it is
127
die
rumble seat: Ghế phụ phía sau
die n. (a) tool for cutting shapes in
metal, especially outside threads
on pieces of round bar or similar:
Dụng cụ cắt ren ngoài
(b) metal mould for casting: Khuôn
đúc
l die-cast = manufactured by
forcing molten metal (e.g.
aluminium) into a die: Đúc
dielectric n. material which is an
electrical insulator or in which
an electric field can be sustained
with a minimum loss of power:
Chất điện môi
diesel n. (a) = diesel engine
(b) diesel-engine car = vehicles,
which operate on diesel fuel: Xe
chạy dầu
l dieseling n. = running-on: Hiện
tượng động cơ vẫn nổ sau khi tắt
công tắc máy
diesel cycle n. Which is usually four-
stroke cycle, according to which a
diesel engine operates, in which
air is sucked into the cylinder and
compressed at a ratio of up to
24:1: Chu kỳ động cơ diesel
diesel engine n. compression
ignition engine named after its
German inventor Rudolf Diesel
(1858 – 1913), operating on the
128
differential
diesel cycle and burning diesel
fuel rather than petrol: Động cơ
diesel
diesel fuel n. light oil fuel with a
relatively low ignition temperature:
Nhiên liệu diesel
l diesel knock n. Noises are
caused by the rapid rise when the
pressure in a diesel engine rises,
especially at low speeds and
cold: Tiếng gõ của động cơ diesel
l diesel oil n. = diesel fuel: Dầu
cho động cơ diesel
l diesel particulate filter n. filter
removing particulates from a
diesel exhaust, which is similar to
appearance in a honeycomb-type
catalytic converter, but it is unlike
the catalytic converter without any
catalytic function. It acts simply
as a mechanical separator: Bộ
lọc muội than trong khí thải động
cơ diesel
l diesel rattle n. = diesel knock:
Tiếng gõ của động cơ Diesel.
die stock n. Tools are used to hold
and operated dies when cutting
outside threads: Bàn ren.
differential n. gears, which is
assembled between two drive
shafts that permits one shaft to
turn at a different speed from
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
diffusing lens
the other, while it is transmitting
power: Bộ vi sai
l differential cage = rotating
metal frame that encloses the
differential side gears and pinion
gears inside the axle casing: Hộp
vi sai
l differential casing = casing for a
differential, often forming part of
the axle casing of a live beam
axle: Vỏ ngoài bộ vi sai và bánh
răng chủ động
l differential lock = A mechanism
which eliminates the action of the
differential, so that both wheels
can be driven for better adhesion
on slippery surfaces: Khóa vi sai
l differential pinion = A bevel pinion
located inside the differential:
Bánh răng nhỏ bộ vi sai
l differential side gear = bevel
gear locates on either side of
the differential into the centre,
of which the axle shaft fits: Bánh
răng côn trục cầu xe
diffusing lens n. lens are in a
headlamp glass to help focus the
beam: Thấu kính hội tụ ánh sáng
(đèn đầu)
digital caliper n. slide-type caliper
with digital read out: Thước kẹp
có màn hình hiện số
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
dip
l digital frequency control n. A
system, which automatically
stabilizes and tunes the frequency
of a selected radio station: Hệ
thống dò đài tự động (radio)
l digital speedometer n. A
speedometer, which only has
a digital display of the current
speed with no dial: Đồng hồ tốc
độ hiện số
dimmer controller n. devices give
gradual fading of brightness,
e.g. for the instrument panel
illumination: Cơ cấu chỉnh độ
sáng của đèn
l dimmer switch n. US = dip switch:
Công tắc pha - cốt
DIS: German Industrial Standard:
Tiêu chuẩn Công nghiệp Đức
dinging n. straightening a damaged
panel using hammer and dolly
to bring it back into shape, after
initial roughing out: Sự gò, nắn lại
diode n. solid-state electronic
devices that allow the passage of
an electric circuit in one direction
only. They are used in alternators
to change alternating current to
direct current for charging the
battery: Điốt
dip v. to switch headlights to the
lower beam: Bật sang đèn cốt
129
dipped beam
l dipped beam n. lower beam direct
at the road closer to the front of
the vehicle than the main beam
in order not to dazzle drivers of
oncoming vehicles, and also to
the near side to illuminate the
side of the road. It is achieved by
switching to a second filament in
the headlight bulb, which is closer
to the upper half of the reflector.
In US English, it is low beam:
Đèn cốt
l dipper switch n. = dip switch:
Công tắc chuyển đèn cốt
l dipping mirror n. mirrors, which
help to reduce annoying dazzle
from the headlights of following
vehicles which consists typically
of two glass panes, one a
mirror and one clear. The clear
glass is tilted by moving a small
control under the mirror which
then deflects the headlight glare
downwards: Gương giảm chói
(từ đèn xe chạy sau)
l dip switch n. a switch, which
is usually incorporated in the
control stalk but sometimes foot-
operated, which changes the
headlights from main to dipped
beam (and vice versa). In US
English, it is dimmer switch: Công
tắc chuyển đổi pha - cốt
130
dipstick
dipstick n. A metal rod which pushed
home on its seating enters the oil
with its bottom end, so that when
it is withdrawn, it indicates the
level of the oil: Cây đo mức dầu
bôi trơn, que thăm nhớt
l dipstick tube = A tube locates
on the engine block or gearbox,
which holds the dipstick: Ống giữ
que đo mực dầu
direct-acting shock absorber =
telescopic shock absorber: Bộ
giảm chấn kiểu ống lồng
l direct current n. electric current
flows in one direction only (DC),
which is opposite to alternating
current: Dòng điện một chiều
l direct damage n. damage is
caused directly by the impact of
an obstacle. Opposite is indirect
damage: Sự hư hỏng khi đụng
trực tiếp vào chướng ngại vật
l direct drive n. transmission mode
in which engine, gearbox and
propeller shaft rotate at the same
speed, bypassing the reducing
stages of the gearbox: Sự truyền
động trực tiếp (động cơ và trục
hộp số cùng tốc độ)
l direct ignition system n. =
distributorless ignition system
(DIS): Hệ thống đánh lửa trực
tiếp
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
directional stability
l direct injection n. fuel is directly
injected into the combustion
chamber, especially in diesel
engines, and required very high
injection system pressure to
overcome the pressure inside the
combustion chamber at the time
of injection: Sự phun nhiên liệu
trực tiếp
directional stability n. vehicle’s
ability, which helps to continue
moving in a straight line with
a minimum of steering control,
even under adverse conditions
such as crosswinds: Sự ổn định
hướng di chuyển
l directional tread pattern n. tyre
tread pattern is designed to rotate
in one direction only: Hoa gai trên
vỏ xe theo một hướng
direction indicator n. winking signal
lights on either side of the vehicle
at front and rear, which is used to
indicate the other drivers about
turning right or left: Đèn báo rẽ
l direction indicator warning
lights = lights are located on the
instrument panel, one of which
flashes when the indicators are
being operated; usually in the
shape of a green arrow: Đèn hiệu
báo rẽ trên bảng tableau
l direction of rotation n. direction,
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
discharge
in which a wheel, shaft or similar
turns: Chiều quay
l direction of travel n. direction,
in which a vehicle is traveling:
Hướng đi của xe
disabled a. Being unable to be
driven due to a breakdown or
accident damage: Không hoạt
động được (vì hỏng)
l disassemble v. = to unbind an
item becoming separated parts:
Tháo rời
disc n. flat circular plates are used
for instance in disc brakes and
some clutches: Mâm, đĩa
l disc brake n. brake in which
brake pads, in a vice-like caliper
which is either mounted on the
hub in order to slow it down or to
stop it: Phanh đĩa
l four-wheel disc brakes = disc
brakes fitted to both front and
rear wheels: Phanh đĩa bốn bánh
l disc brake gauge = tools are used
for measuring thickness, wear,
and score depth on brake discs:
Dụng cụ độ mòn đĩa phanh.
l disc brake rotor = brake disc: Đĩa
phanh
discharge 1 v. (a) to lose or give out
electric current from a battery:
Phóng điện
131
discolour
(b) to pour out liquid from a pump:
Đẩy chất lỏng ra.
2 n. giving out of electric current or
pouring out of liquid: Sự phóng
điện, sự chảy ra
l discharged battery = flat battery:
Ắc quy bị phóng điện
l discharge indicator n. = battery
discharge indicator: Đèn báo sạc
l discharge pipe n. outlet pipe of a
pump: Đường ống ra
l discharge pressure n. pressure
exerted in a liquid pumped,
expressed in psi: Áp suất ra
(bơm)
l discharge rate n. amount of
current discharged, expressed in
amps: Độ phóng điện
l discharge side n. = outlet side:
Bên xả
l discharge valve n. valve on
the outlet side of a reciprocating
pump, which is opposite to
suction valve: Van xả, van ra
(bơm pít-tông)
l discharging current n. current
is supplied by a storage cell
or battery, whose direction is
opposite to that of the charging
current: Dòng điện phóng
discolour v. to alter the colour of
132
disengage
(a finish, metal, etc.) to a colour
which is not wanted: Làm lệch
màu (sơn).
disconnect v. to remove the
connection from a mechanical or
electrical device to another: Cắt
rời, ngắt ra, tháo
l disconnect the battery = remove
the battery terminals: Tháo cọc
ắc quy
disc sander n. round, rubber disc is
powered by an electric drill and it
is covered with abrasive paper for
rough sanding work: Đĩa mài
l disc valve n. type of rotary valve
that allows the passage of fluid
through an arc-shaped slot: Van
dạng đĩa
l disc wheel n. simple, most
common form of wheel on
passenger cars and light
commercial vehicles, consisting
of a pressed steel disc the centre
of which is bolted to the hub, and
which has fixed to its periphery,
the rim serving as a seat for the
tyre: Mâm bánh xe
disengage v. to move a gear, dog
clutch, etc. so that it is no longer
in mesh with another matching
part: Tách ra, tách ly hợp
l to disengage the clutch = to let
out the clutch by pressing on the
clutch pedal, so that there is no
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
dished
connection between the engine
and the gearbox: Cắt ly hợp
dished a. offset so that the centre (of
a wheel or similar) is not in line
with the rim, but recessed: Lõm
lòng mâm bánh xe
dismantle v. to take (a car, engine,
etc.) to pieces: Tháo rời các bộ
phận (xe, động cơ)
displacement n. term particularly
used in America for cubic
capacity: Dung tích xi-lanh
l displacement volume = swept
volume: Thể tích xi-lanh
distance piece n. parts such as a
collar placed between two parts
to keep them the correct distance
apart: Ống kẹp định vị
distilled water n. especially pure
water that has been freed of
dissolved or suspended solids
and organisms by distillation. It is
used to top up batteries: Nước cất
distortion n. bending and twisting
out of shape: Sự méo mó (do
cong, xoắn)
distributor n. an assembly, which
distributes the ignition voltage
generated in the ignition coil to
the sparking plugs in the firing
order of the engine: Bộ chia điện
(delco)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
distributor clamp
l distributor baseplate = fixed plate
in the body of the distributor, on
which the contact breaker or
triggering device is mounted, and
through the centre of which, the
distributor shaft passes: Mâm vít
lửa
l distributor body = a bowl-like
part containing the distributor
shaft with the rotor arm at its
top end, and in the conventional
version, the centrifugal advance
mechanism and the contact
breaker: Thân bộ chia điện
l distributor cam = a cam at the
top of the distributor shaft with
as many lobes as there are
cylinders, acting on the heel of
the contact breaker arm: Cam đội
vít lửa
l distributor cap = removable cover
of the distributor, having a high-
voltage centre tower for the
lead from the coil, and as many
regularly spaced outer towers as
there are cylinders, each of these
corresponding to a contact on the
inside of the cap and receiving the
HT lead for one of the sparking
plugs on the outside: Nắp bộ chia
điện (nắp delco)
l distributor clamp = clamp which
holds the distributor in position,
and which can be loosened
in order to turn the distributor
133
dive
relative to its shaft to adjust the
ignition timing: Kẹp giữ (chân) bộ
chia điện
l distributor rotor (arm) = rotor arm:
Mỏ quẹt chia điện (con quay)
l distributor shaft = drive shaft to
the distributor that rotates at haft
engine speed and has at its top
end the distributor cam and rotor
arm: Trục bộ chia điện
l distributor tower = terminal tower:
Điện cực trung tâm trên nắp bộ
chia điện
l distributor weight = one of the
weights used in a centrifugal
advance mechanism: Quả ly tâm
(đánh lửa sớm)
l distributor wrench = wrench
designed for loosening and
tightening the distributor clamp
bolts and/ or lock nuts, when
adjusting, removing or installing
distributors: Cờ lê dùng chỉnh lửa
bộ chia điện
l distributorless ignition system n.
electronic ignition system without
a conventional rotating distributor,
using multi-spark ignition coils or
one ignition coil per sparking plug
(DIS or DLI): Hệ thống đánh lửa
không có bộ chia điện
dive n. = brake dive: Sự phanh bị
chúi
134
DLR = Dealer
diversification n. varying and
extending a firm’s range of
models and products: Sự đa
dạng hóa (xe)
divert v. to make air, a liquid, traffic,
etc. follow a different course: Làm
chuyển hướng không khí, chất
lỏng, xe cộ, v.v.
l diversion n. alternative route
which traffic has to follow due to
closure of a stretch of road for
repairs, etc.: Sự chuyển lộ trình
khác vì sửa đường
divided propeller shaft or propshaft
n. Propeller shaft, usually in
long chassis rear-wheel drive
vehicles, which is divided into two
section with a bearing and CV
joint mounted on a chassis cross
member at the central point: Trục
phân phối
divider n. measuring tool with
two straight pointed arms, it is
used to mark off and transfer
measurements, e.g. on sheet
metal or other metal components:
Com-pa
DIY: Do-It-Yourself: Tự làm, tự sửa
chữa
l DIY mechanic = unqualified person
who does his own repairs on his
car: Người tự sửa chữa xe mình
DLR = Dealer: Đại lý
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
dog guard
dog guard n. grid made of tubular
bars or wire mesh to keep a dog
in the luggage compartment of
an estate or hatchback: Bộ giữ
ngàm (cốp xe)
l dogleg pillar n. = C-pillar: Trụ đỡ
khung cữa sau
l dogleg section = irregular shaped
part of the leading edge of the
rear quarter panel of a four-door
saloon along the wheel cutout
and up to the waistline: Phần uốn
khúc
DOHC = Double Overhead
Camshafts: Hai trục cam trên nắp
máy
dolly n. (a) metalworking tool,
available in a variety of shapes
and sizes, comprising a curved
polished block of cast iron or
forged steel, used to assist
in forming three-dimensional
shapes and in straightening
dented panels, usually by holding
the dolly behind the metal to
be shaped and hammering the
metal: Cái đe (để làm đồng xe)
(b) trolley that supports the front
wheels when a disabled vehicle
is being towed: Khung đỡ bánh
trước (khi kéo xe)
dome lamp n. dome-shaped interior
light (US): Đèn mui xe
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
door
domestic a. (of product) made in
the country, which is opposite to
foreign: Nội địa (xe)
donor car n. cars from which parts
are used to repair another one of
the same type or to build a special
or kit car: Xe để tháo phụ tùng
door n. hinged panel or flap allowing
access or exit: Cửa xe
l five-door version = hatchback
version with two doors either side
and a rear tailgate: Kiểu xe năm
cửa
l door alignment n. accuracy
of fitting of the door in the door
aperture: Sự cân chỉnh cửa
l door aperture n. opening into
which the door fits: Khung cửa.
l door beam n. = side impact bar:
Thanh cản phía cửa
l door bottom n. lower door area,
both of the door skin and of the
door frame, also the narrow
horizontal lower panel of the door
frame that incorporates the drain
holes: Bệ cửa
l door capping n. moulding between
the door trim panel and the
window glass: Roong cửa
l door check arm or strap n. device
which controls the full open and
holding positions of a door and
135
door frame
prevents it from being opened too
far: Bảng giằng cửa không cho
mở lớn
l door frame n. (a) bare skeleton
of the door to which the door skin
and door trim are fitted
(b) door aperture: Khung cửa
l door gap n. gaps all round the
edge of the door: Khe hở mép
cửa
l door glass n. a glass pane filling
the top half of a door, which can
be lowered and raised: Kính cửa
l door handle n. interior or exterior
handle for opening a door: Tay
nắm mở cửa
l door hinge n. a part by which the
door is attached with a pivot to
the door pillar, and which allows it
to swing open or shut: Bản lề cửa
l door hold-open spring n. a spring
is fitted to door hinges to provide
spring load to keep the door in an
open position: Lò xo giữ cửa mở
l door latch n. A part of the door
lock which contacts the striker
plate as the door is closed, and
springs back when the door is
fully shut to hold it in the closed
position: Chốt cửa
l door lock n. a mechanism for
opening and closing the door, with
136
door protector
a lockable cylinder for holding the
door closed until opened by a
key: Cơ cấu khóa cửa
l door lock de-icer = fluid, usually
in an aerosol, for melting ice in a
door lock: Chất làm tan băng lỗ
khóa cửa
l door mirror n. exterior, door-
mounted, rear-view mirror;
nowadays adjustable from
inside the car: Gương chiếu hậu
trên cửa
l door pillar or post n. one of the
vertical members of the body
shell ahead of and behind the
doors, which also support the
roof structure and reinforce the
body as a whole : Trụ chống cửa.
l door pillar switch = small switch,
typically in the lower portion of the
A-pillar, whose main function is to
switch on the courtesy lighting
when the door is opened: Công
tắc cửa (đèn)
l door pocket n. container now
usually mounted on, rather
than in, the door trim, for maps,
dusters, cloths, etc.: Hộc nhỏ trên
cửa (đựng bản đồ,…)
l door protector n. strip of rubber or
plastic which fits over the edge of
the door to protect it from damage
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
door seal
when it is opened carelessly:
Đệm cao su bảo vệ cửa
l door seal n. weather-strip fitted
to the door surround to form
a seal when the door is closed:
Đệm làm kín cửa
l door shut (face) n. edges of a
door which are not visible from
the outside or inside when the
door is shut: Cái mép cửa
l door sill n. = SILL: Ngưỡng cửa
l door skin n. large sheet metal
panel of the door visible from the
outside: Tấm cửa (phần thép)
l door speaker n. loudspeaker for
a car stereo mounted in the door
trim: Loa được đặt ở cửa
l door stay n. device incorporated
in door hinges that keeps the
door in an open position and
prevents it from closing under its
own weight: Bảng giằng cửa giữ
cho cửa mở
l door step n. top part of the outer
sill, visible when the door is
opened: Bậc cửa
l door surround n. faces of the
door step, door pillars and roof
section forming the door aperture:
Đường viền bao quanh cửa
l door trim (panel) n. panel
covered in vinyl or other material
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
double-barrel carburetor
and fitted to the inside of the door:
Tấm bọc cửa (bên trong)
l door well n. cavity enclosed
by the door frame, door skin
and trim panel, containing the
window winding mechanism and
into which the window glass is
lowered: Khoang cửa xe (nơi
kính dịch chuyển)
DOT = (a) (UK) Department of
Transport : Bộ Giao thông
(b) (US) Department of Transportation
l DOT 4 (brake fluid) = brake
fluid made to a particularly high
specification: Dầu phanh tốt
l DOT code = code on tyre
sidewalls made up of the letters
and numbers giving information
on the production date of a tyre:
Mã ghi ngày sản xuất trên vỏ xe
double-acting n. (of a shock
absorber or pump) having a
piston with fluid on both sides
so that in a pump one piston
end performs the suction stroke
while the other discharges the
liquid, and in a shock absorber
both upward and downward
movements are damped: Tác
động kép (bơm hoặc giảm xóc)
l double-barrel carburetor n. =
twin-choke carburetor: Bộ chế
hòa khí hai họng khuếch tán
137
double-decker bus
l double-decker bus n. Buses with
two decks or storeys, they are
used mainly in large owns: Xe
buýt hai tầng
l double-declutch v. to change
gear using the following technique:
declutch, move the gear lever into
neutral, let in the clutch, press the
accelerator (when changing down)
to raise the engine and gearbox
RPM to the level needed in the
lower gear, let out the clutch again
quickly and move the gear lever
into the lower gear (before the
gearbox shaft rpm drop too far).
When changing up, there is no
need to depress the accelerator
when in neutral, but it is often
necessary to pause in order to let
the gearbox shaft speed drop to
the right level: Nhả số kép
l double-ended spanner n. open-
ended or ring spanner with jaws
or rings at both ends for two
different sizes of hexagon: Cờ lê
hai đầu
l double filament bulb n. light
bulb with two filaments, either a
headlamp bulb with one for the
main beam and another above
it for the dipped beam, or a stop
and tail light bulb with one for the
brake light and one for the rear
light: Bóng đèn hai tim
138
double reduction gearing
l double helical gear n. gear with
two rows of inclined teeth, each
forming an open V or chevron. It
is also called herringbone gear:
Bánh răng có răng hình chữ V
l double hexagon socket n. =
12-point socket: Đai ốc 12 cạnh
l double overhead camshafts
(DOC, DOHC) n. two camshafts
mounted on the cylinder head,
one operating the inlet valves
and one the exhaust valves. They
are also called twin overhead
camshafts. : Hai trục cam trên
nắp máy
l double overhead camshaft
engine = engine with two
overhead camshafts, a relatively
costly arrangement used on high
performance engines: Động cơ
hai trục cam trên nắp máy
l double-pivot steering n.
steering in which the steered
wheels are pivoted on kingpins,
which is the usual arrangement
on motor vehicles: Hệ thống lái
hai bánh
l double reduction gearing n.
gearing in which the ratio is reduced
in two stages, used especially in
heavy goods vehicles: Bộ bánh
răng giảm tốc kép
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
doughnut coupling
l double roller chain n. = duplex
chain: Xích con lăn kép
l double-tube shock absorber n.
older design of hydraulic shock
absorber using two concentric
tubes, one serving as the
working cylinder, the other as the
reservoir: Bộ giảm chấn kép
l double wishbone suspension n.
form of independent suspension
most frequently used at the front
of a vehicle, with upper and lower
wishbones of equal length: Hệ
thống treo cánh tay đòn kép
doughnut coupling or joint n. flexible
coupling made of rubber and
shaped like a ring doughnut,
used for instance between the
front of the propeller shaft and the
gearbox: Khớp nối mềm (có đệm
cao su)
dowel pin n. pin projecting from one
of two mating surfaces which fits
into a corresponding hole in the
other, to ensure correct location
during assembly: Chốt định vị,
then nhỏ để gài
down draught carburetor n.
carburetor with a vertical barrel,
at the top of which is the air
intake: Bộ chế hòa khí với họng
khuếch tán đứng
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
drag
downflow radiator n. traditional type
of vertical radiator, with header
tank and bottom tank and a
system of small tubes and cooling
fins in-between, the hot water
entering at the top and exiting at
the bottom: Bộ tản nhiệt với nước
làm mát từ trên xuống
downforce n. downward pressure
provided, for example, by a
spoiler: Lực hướng xuống
l down pipe n. front section of the
exhaust system connected to the
exhaust manifold: Cổ ống pô
l downshift n. US = downward
change: Sự xuống số
l down stroke n. downward
movement of the piston, either
the induction stroke or the power
stroke in the four-stroke cycle:
Hành trình pít-tông đi xuống
l downward change n. gear change
into a lower gear. In US English, it
is downshift: Sự xuống số
D-pillar = D-post n. rearmost vertical
pillar in the body of an estate car,
on either side of the tailgate: Trụ
đỡ khung cửa phía cửa hậu
drag 1 v. to fail to disengage
completely when clutch is
operating or to fail to come off
completely when the brake pedal
139
drag link
is released: Trượt (ly hợp), trôi
(phanh)
2 n. characteristic of a car body,
indicating the resistance which
the body offers to the air stream:
Sức cản gió
drag link n. A rod which connects the
drop arm or idler arm in a steering
system with the steering arm:
Đòn kéo dọc, thanh lái
drag racing n. form of acceleration
test in which two cars at a time
accelerate down a measured
quarter-mile strip: Cuộc kiểm tra
khả năng tăng tốc của xe
drain 1 v. to empty (the sump,
radiator, etc.) of a liquid: Xả, tháo
2 n. passage or piece of tube which
takes water away from places in
the bodywork where it
tends to accumulate, such as the
edge of the sunroof: Ống xả nước
l drain cock n. = DRAIN TAP: Vòi xả
bình chứa nhiên liệu, máng dầu,
bình hơi, dùng xả bớt chất bẩn
l drain hole n. a hole drilled in
the bottom of a box section or
a door, to allow water that has
accumulated to escape so as to
prevent or delay rusting: Lỗ
xả nước
140
drawbar
l draining tray n. A container,
which is used to catch oil when
draining the sump, gearbox,
etc.: Khay xả dầu
l drain plug n. (1) usually threaded
plug at the lowest point of the
sump, gearbox, cooling system,
etc., which is removed in order
to drain the oil or coolant, and
typically has a recessed hexagon
head: Nút xả
(2) drain plug key or spanner or
wrench = tool for removing and
tightening drain plugs, e.g. on
gearboxes and engine sumps,
either as a multi-purpose tool
with a number of different drives
in the form of hexagonal or
square projections at the either
end for different drain plugs, or
as a special tool for one specific
size of drain plug: Chìa khóa vặn
nút xả
l drain tap n. tap on the cylinder
block or, on older cars, at the
bottom of the radiator for draining
the cooling system: Vòi xả
draught n. unpleasant current of air
intruding into the interior of a car:
Sự thiếu gió gây ngột ngạt trong
xe
drawbar n. two converging bars
forming a V- or an A-frame at the
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
dress
front of a trailer or caravan, which
carry the coupling for attachment
to the towing vehicle: Thanh kéo
dress v. to give (a rough surface,
flanges, etc.) the right shape by
grinding or a similar process: Mài
giũa, mài nhẵn
drier n. (a) = dehumidifier (b) =
drying oven: Máy sấy, máy làm
khô
drift n. (a) A piece of bar or a punch
is used with a hammer to drive
components in and out of place
for removal and installation: Cái
đục
l drift punch = tapered tool for use
with a hammer to remove and
install pins, shafts, rivets, etc.;
also used to align holes when
inserting screws and bolts: Cái
đục, cái đột
drill (1) n. (a) usually power-driven
tool for making holes in metal,
wood, plastic, etc., with a chuck
that will accept bits of different
sizes: Máy khoan
(b) drill bit: Mũi khoan
(2) v to make (a hole) with a drill:
Khoan lỗ
l drill bit n. piece of rod with spiral
recesses cut in it and a hardened
steel tip, made in different sizes
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
drivability
for drilling different-sized holes,
and inserted in the chuck of a
drill: Mũi khoan
drip moulding n. moulding running
along either side of the roof,
functioning as a gutter to take
water to the front or rear of the
car, and prevent it from dripping
into the car when the door is
opened. In US English, it is drip
rail: Rãnh thoát nước
drivability n. general operating
characteristics of a vehicle,
usually rated from good to poor,
and of concern to the average
driver, such as flexibility and
smoothness, acceleration, ease
of starting and quick warm-up,
as well as handling and comfort:
Tính năng vận hành của xe
l drivable a. (of a vehicle) in a
state in which it can be driven: Có
thể chạy
l drive v. (a) to travel in a car: Chạy
xe
(b) to control and guide (a vehicle):
Lái xe
(c) to make (a wheel, shaft, etc.) turn
or rotate; to propel (a vehicle):
Làm quay
l a petrol-driven generator = a
generator for which the motive
141
drive handle
force is a petrol engine: Máy phát
điện được dẫn động bằng động
cơ xăng
l drive belt n. belt passing round
two or more pulleys, transmitting
motion from one to the other(s):
Đai truyền động
l drive chain n. chain passing
round two or more sprockets,
transmitting motion from one to
the other(s): Xích truyền động
l drive end n. end of an alternator,
dynamo, etc., where the pulley
or gear accepting the drive is
situated: Đầu dẫn động.
l drive end bracket = cover housing
the bearing at the drive end of an
alternator, dynamo, etc.: Nắp che
phía dẫn động của máy phát
l drive gear n. gearwheel
transmitting the drive on a
component such as an oil pump:
Bánh răng dẫn động, bánh răng
chủ động
drive handle n. tool, typically in the
form of a bar, for turning sockets
to loosen and tighten nuts and
bolts, with a male square drive
to be inserted into the female
square drive of sockets for the
turning operation: Cần siết
drive layout n. configuration of
engine, gearbox and driven
142
driven plate
axle(s): Phần động lực của xe
bao gồm: động cơ, hộp số, láp
l driveline n. = drivetrain: Đường
truyền lực
l drive module n. interchangeable
unit providing motive power,
either in the form of an electric
motor and ancillaries, or an
internal combustion engine
with all necessary components,
for alternative use in the same
vehicle according to needs and
conditions: Mô-đun truyền động
l drive motor n. electric motor
providing motive power in an
electric vehicle: Động cơ điện
trong xe điện
l driven a. made to rotate by the
engine or some other source of
motive power: Bị dẫn, bị động
l driven axle or wheels = axle
or wheels to which power is
transmitted to drive the vehicle:
Cầu xe hay bánh xe bị động
l driven plate = central clutch plate
carrying clutch linings and held
under pressure between the
flywheel and the pressure plate
when the clutch pedal is released,
and transmitting power to the
gearbox input shaft via splines:
Đĩa bị động (ly hợp)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
driver
l drive pinion n. small bevel gear
on either side of the differential
in mesh with the two differential
pinions, and into the centre of
which one of the axle shafts fits:
Bánh răng nhỏ dẫn động (cầu)
l drive plate n. light plate bolted to
the crankshaft to which the torque
converter is attached in a vehicle
with automatic transmission: Đĩa
gắn biến mô
l drive pulley n. pulley round which
a belt passes for transmitting
power: Puli dẫn động
driver n. (a) person driving a vehicle:
Tài xế
(b) driver-type drive handle for use
with sockets: Cần siết
driver air bag n. original type of
air bag, designed to protect the
driver from being hurled into the
steering wheel and instrument
panel: Túi khí bảo vệ tài xế
Driver and Vehicle Licensing
Agency (DVLA) n. section of
the Department of Transport
responsible for keeping records
of all registered vehicles, and
issuing registrations and licenses
for vehicles as well as driving
licenses for drivers: Phòng cấp
bằng lái
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
driving
driver error n. mistake or mistakes
made by the driver, especially as
the cause of an accident: Lỗi do
tài xế
drive shaft n. (a) any shaft
transmitting power, especially
the jointed shaft between the
differential and the road wheel
in a de dion or fully independent
rear suspension layout (b) US =
propeller shaft: Trục chính, trục
chủ động
l drive sprocket n. sprocket
round which a chain passes for
transmitting power: Bánh xích
chủ động
l drive tool n. any accessory for use
with a socket spanner, including
the drive handle: Cần siết
l drive train n. combination of all
power-transmitting components
from the clutch via the gearbox
and propeller shaft, if any, to the
final drive and axle shafts. It is
also called power train: Tổ hợp
từ hộp số đến láp
l driveway n. short drive, often
leading to a garage: Chạy vào
nhà để xe
driving 1 a. providing motive power,
making a gear, shaft, etc. rotate:
Dẫn động, truyền động
143
driving axle
2 n. control of a moving vehicle: Sự
lái xe
l driving axle or wheels = axle or
wheels responsible for propelling
the vehicle (which are in fact the
same as the driven axle or wheels):
Trục hay bánh xe chủ động
l driving gear = drive gear: Bánh
răng dẫn động
l driving conditions n. situation
created by the amount of traffic,
the weather and state of the
roads: Điều kiện lái xe
l driving habits n. personal
behaviour at the wheel, including
typical speeds under certain
circumstances, frequency, timing
and smoothness of gear charges,
use of the brakes and so on: Thói
quen lái xe
l driving license n. document
which allows the holder to drive
a certain type or types of vehicle,
and is the only document required
to be carried by the driver in
Britain: Bằng lái xe
l driving lamp = spot lamp: Đèn lái
l driving mirror n. rear-view mirror
either in the interior of the car or
mounted on the outside of the
front doors: Kính chiếu hậu
144
drop-centre axle
l driving position n. position
in which the driver sits at the
steering wheel, influenced by
distance from the controls, angle
of the seat back, etc.: Vị trí ngồi
của tài xế
l driving style n. manner in which
one handles a car: Cách lái xe,
kiểu lái xe
l a sporty driving style = includes
taking corners fast, braking and
accelerating hard, using high
revs in every gear and changing
down before corners: Cách lái
kiểu thể thao
drop n. sudden reduction (of
pressure, voltage, etc.): Sự hạ,
tụt, giảm xuống đột ngột
l drop arm n. usually vertical
arm fitted to the outer end of the
rocker shaft of a steering box,
whose bottom end is connected
to the drag link which it pulls
back or pushes forward when
the steering wheel is turned. In
US English, it is pitman arm: Đòn
quay (lái)
l drop-centre axle n. beam axle in
which the main central portion
of the beam is lower than the
wheel centres, which was the
usual layout for front axles until
independent front suspension
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
drophead coupé
became almost universal: Trục
(cần) lõm
l drop-centre rim = well-base rim:
Rãnh lõm niềng xe
l drophead 1 n. = convertible: Xe
mui xếp
2 a. having a folding hood which can
be raised or lowered over the
passenger compartment: Mui xếp
drophead coupé (DHC) = elegant
style of body mainly seen on
classic cars, with two wide doors
and a large hood with no windows
in the side and only a small window
at the rear: Xe hơi hai cửa mui xếp
l droptop n. (informal) = convertible:
Mui xếp
drum n. circular container, especially
a brake drum: Cái trống (phanh)
l drum brake = brake in which
curved brake shoes press
against the inner circumference
of a metal drum to produce the
braking action: Phanh trống
dry 1 v. to lose or make lose its
wetness: Sấy, làm khô
2 a. not wet (of bearing, etc.) lacking
lubricant: Khô, thiếu dầu bôi trơn
l dry liner or sleeve = cylinder liner
or sleeve which is not contact with
the coolant: Ống lót khô (xi-lanh)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
dry weight
l dry clutch n. = single-plate
clutch: Ly hợp khô, ly hợp
một đĩa
l dry galvanizing n. hot-dip
galvanizing method in which
the metal components are first
immersed in a solution of flux and
then dried, so that they become
precoated with a thin film of flux,
which melts in the zinc bath, to
which certain metals, such as tin
and aluminium, may be added
to give fluidity, and in the case of
tin, brightness. Opposite is wet
galvanizing: Phương pháp mạ khô
l drying oven n. enclosure where
car bodies are subjected to heat
in order to dry and/ or bake on the
paintwork: Lò sấy thân xe
l dry joint n. faulty electrical joint
which does not in contact with the
coolant. Opposite is wet liner: Mối
nối khô
dry sump lubrication n. main
lubrication of an engine supplied
from a separate oil tank, the
sump containing no oil while the
engine is operating; a common
feature of motorcycle and racing
car engines: Sự bôi trơn động cơ
bằng bình nhớt riêng
dry weight n. weight of a vehicle
without any fuel, oil, or coolant:
Trọng lượng khô (không có xăng
145
dual
dầu và nước làm mát)
dual 1 a. comprising two parts,
which are often identical: Kép, đôi
2 v. to convert (a single carriageway
road) into dual carriageway:
Chuyển đường một làn xe thành
hai làn xe
l dual-acting n. = double-acting:
Tác động kép
l dual-bed catalytic converter
n. catalytic converter which
combines two converters (with
different catalysts) in a single
housing: Bộ xúc tác hai ngăn.
l dual carriageway n. road with two
separate lanes for traffic traveling
in different directions, separated
by a central reserve: Hai làn xe
l dual-circuit braking system
n. hydraulic braking system
that provides two separate,
independent hydraulic circuits,
each of which acts on two wheels:
Hệ thống phanh hai mạch riêng
biệt
l dual controls n. second set of
controls for use by a driving
instructor when teaching
someone to drive: Hai người
cùng điều khiển xe khi dạy lái
l dual exhaust system n. = twin
146
dubonnet suspension
exhaust system: Hệ thống khí
thải kép
l dual ignition system n. = twin
ignition: Hệ thống đánh lửa kép
(bô-bin đôi)
l dual-line braking system n.
braking system in which towing
vehicle and trailer are connected
by two or more brake lines: Hệ
thống phanh với đường ống kép
(xe đầu kéo)
l dual-piston engine n. = twin-piston
engine: Động cơ pít-tông đôi
l dual-piston master cylinder =
tandem master cylinder: Xi-lanh
cái với pít-tông kép (phanh)
l dual-range gearbox n. gearbox
in a four-wheel drive vehicle with
two sets of ratios, usually a higher
set for road use and a lower set
for off-road use: Hộp số hai tốc độ
l dual-tone horn n. = two-tone
horn: Còi hai giọng
dubonnet suspension n. independent
front suspension and steering
arrangement used in the 1930s
and ’40s, in which the axle beam
is rigidly attached to the vehicle
frame, and suspension arms, from
which the wheels are mounted on
stub axles Dubonnet: Hệ thống
treo Dubonnet
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
duct
duct n. passage in square-section or
tubular form for ventilation, heating
or cables: Ống dẫn (khí, dây)
ductile a. (of a metal) which can
be bent, hammered, or drawn
out into wire or sheet without
fracturing: Mềm dễ uốn, dễ kéo
l ductility n. ability of a material to
undergo stretching or bending
without fracturing: Tính mềm, tính
dễ kéo, tính dễ uốn
dull a. (of a finish) not shiny: Đục,
mờ
dummy n. stuffed figure made to
look like a human being, used,
for instance, when testing cars
to destruction: Người nộm, hình
nhân (dùng khi thử nghiệm xe)
l dump valve n. valve for relieving
pressure, such as that between
the turbocharger and the
carburetor in some systems: Van
xả, van tháo
duo-servo brake n. servo brake with
one double-end wheel cylinder
and two linked self-energizing
brake shoes: Bộ trợ lực phanh
kép
duplex chain n. chain with two rows
of rollers, used especially for
timing chains: Xích đôi
durability n. ability to last a long time:
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
dwell
Sự bền, tính bền, độ bền
dust boot n. concertina-like rubber
cover for pushrods, e.g. on brake
master cylinders and shock
absorbers, also for constants
velocity joints: Chụp bụi (phanh,
giảm xóc,…)
l dust cap n. = VALVE CAP: Nắp,
nón chụp che bụi, ngăn bụi bám
vào bộ phận được che
l dust cover n. any cover for
excluding dust and dirt: Vỏ chắn
bụi
l dust sheet n. sheet for covering a
car when in a garage and not in
use: Tấm bọc xe
l dust shield n. = SPLASH SHIELD:
Chắn bụi
l DVLC = DRIVER AND
VEHICLE LICENSING CENTRE
dwell n. (a) in a contact breaker
ignition system, the angle in
degrees of distributor shaft
rotation during which the contact
breaker points remain closed;
the smaller the contact gap, the
larger the dwell (angle), which
determines the charging time of
the ignition coil. It is also called
dwell angle: Góc ngậm
(b) in a breakerless ignition
147
DWS
system, the time during which
the electronic control unit
allows current to flow through
the primary winding of the coil,
which in ignition systems with
a Hall generator is determined
by the width of the vanes: Thời
gian ngậm
l dwell-angle control n. system
ensuring that dwell is sufficient
for all engine conditions: Sự điều
khiển góc ngậm
l dwell-angle map = characteristic
map for electronic dwell-angle
control, ependent on engine
speed and battery voltage: Bản
đồ góc ngậm
l dwell meter n. instrument for
measuring the dwell angle: Thiết
bị đo góc ngậm
l dwell period n. period during which
the primary circuit is closed and
primary current flows through the
ignition coil, given in crankshaft
or distributor shaft degrees and
therefore also called dwell angle:
Thời gian ngậm
DWS (system) n. deflation warning
system developed by Dunlop for
on-line detection of tyre pressure
loss, which since tyre pressure
loss reduces tyre circumference
and increase wheel rpm, uses
148
dynamic imbalance
the wheel speed sensors of
an existing ABS system to
continuously monitor wheel
speed and tyre condition, any
defects triggering a warning
signal DWS: Hệ thống cảnh báo
xì vỏ của Dunlop
dynamic balancing n. method of
balancing wheels and other
rotating components such as
crankshafts, using a machine
which spins the component
and detects any running out of
true which indicates imbalance.
Opposite is static balancing: Sự
cân bằng động
l dynamic ignition timing n. modern
timing procedure using a timing
light which is controlled by the
ignition pulse for the first cylinder
and whose flashing beam is
directed onto the timing marks,
the rotating mark appearing fixed
due to the stroboscopic effect,
and indicating ignition advance or
retard by its position in front of or
behind the fixed timing mark. It is
also called stroboscopic ignition
timing; opposite is static ignition
timing: Phương pháp cân lửa động
l dynamic imbalance n. lack of
balance in a rotating part such
as a wheel, which can cause
vibration and judder: Sự mất cân
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
dynamo
bằng động
l dynamic seal n. oil seal between
a moving and a stationary part.
Opposite is static seal: Đệm di
động
dynamo n. electrical generator driven
by the engine and producing direct
current, to charge the battery and
thus feed the electrical circuits. In
US English, it is DC generator:
Máy phát điện một chiều
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
dynastart
dynamometer n. machine for
measuring the power output of
an engine, either directly or at
the driven wheels: Băng thử công
suất động cơ thông qua bánh xe
dynastart (er) n. combined dynamo
and starter used on some cars
in the 1920s and ’30s, and
more recently on two-stroke
motorcycles: Máy phát kết hợp
máy khởi động
149
E earth strap
Ee
E = economy (gear): Tiết kiệm (số)
EAC valve n. electronic air control
valve: Van điều khiển tốc độ cầm
chừng bằng điện tử
ear n. projection in the shape an
ear, usually as a lug, but also as a
spoiler behind the rear windows
to improve stability in side winds:
Tấm chắn gió (kính sau)
early fuel evaporation (EEF)
system n. system that heats
the inlet manifold to provide a
warm air/fuel mixture, reducing
condensation and improving fuel
evaporation, thus improving cold
engine operation and reducing
exhaust emissions: Hệ thống làm
bốc hơi nhiên liệu
earth 1 n. return part of an electrical
system, which in a motor vehicle
is provided by the metal body and
chassis: Âm, mass
2 v. to connect a circuit or a
150
component to a chassis or body
part, either directly or by means
of a wire. In US English, it is
ground: Nối mass
l earth connection = wire or other
metal strip for connecting a
component to the vehicle chassis
or body: Vật (dây) nối mass
l earth electrode = side electrode of
a sparking plug, which is opposite
to centre electrode: Điện cực bìa
(bu-gi)
l earth return = return part of an
electrical circuit, provided by an
earth connection: Phần dây nối
mass của mạch điện
l earth strap = piece of braided wire
for earthing the battery, with a clip
for attachment to the appropriate
battery terminal at one and a
terminal for connecting to the
chassis or body at the other: Dây
nối mass cho ắc quy
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
easing fluid
easing fluid n. = penetrating oil: Dầu
thấm (tan gỉ)
east–west layout n. transverse
positioning of the engine across
the car, found in many front-
wheel drive designs, which is
also called transverse engine. It
is opposite to north-south layout:
Sự bố trí (động cơ) nằm ngang
ESA valve n. valve in an emission
control system governing the
air flow from the air pump in
connection with the eac valve:
Van dẫn khí đến van eac
eat (away) v. to corrode and remove
the metal from: Ăn mòn
ebonite n. hard black rubber
compound especially one
containing no filler: Nhựa ebonit
eccentric 1 a. amounted off-centre:
Lệch tâm, sai tâm
2 n. part transmitting an eccentric
drive, such as a disc with a
provision for a drive from its outer
part, or an eccentric shaft: Sự
lệch tâm
l eccentric drive = drive from a
point not on the axis of the driving
shaft, e.g. from the outer part of a
disc, so that a reciprocating or up
and down motion is transmitted;
used in pumps or for a camshaft
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
ecological damage
drive: Sự truyền động lệch tâm
l eccentric rotor pump = rotor -type
pump: Bơm quay lệch tâm
l eccentric shaft = shaft transmitting
an eccentric motion: Trục truyền
lệch tâm
ECE test cycle n. 13-minute, three-
part test of automotive emission
for compliance with emission
standards, adopted by most
european countries, simulating
urban driving conditions, i.e.
involving relatively long idling
periods and speed below 35
mph, emission characteristics
at cruising speed not being
considered: Chu trình kiểm tra
khí thải châu Âu
echelon parking n. parking with the
nose of the car lose to the kern
and at an angle to it: Sự đậu xe
theo hình bậc thang
ECI = Electrically controlled
injection: Hệ thống phun nhiên
liệu điều khiển bằng điện
l ecm = electronic control module:
Bộ điều khiển điện tử
ecological damage n. damage to the
environment, usually in the form
of pollution, especially caused by
vehicle emissions: Sự phá hủy
môi trường sinh thái (khí thải)
151
economical
l ecological harmful a. damage to
the environment: Có hại đến môi
trường sinh thái
economical n. using only a small
amount of fuel: Tiết kiệm
nhiên liệu (most cars are more
economical on long runs = most
cars give better mileage per gallon
when driven long distances: Đa
số xe hơi ít hao xăng khi chạy
đường trường)
l economizer n. device for making
a vehicle use less fuel, either by
regulating the flow of fuel, or
by admitting extra air to the air/
fuel mixture (especially when
cruising): Bộ phận tiết kiệm xăng
l economy n. especially low
consumption of fuel, usually
measured in miles per gallon:
Tính kinh tế nhiên liệu (tính bằng
miles/gallon)
l tuned for economy = tuned to
use less fuel: Chỉnh để bớt hao
xăng
l good/ bad fuel economy = low/
high fuel consumption: Tính kinh
tế nhiên liệu cao (hay thấp)
l economy device = economizer
l economy jet = addition jet in a
carburetor admitting extra air to
152
effective deflection
the air/fuel mixture (especially
when cruising): Gíc-lơ phụ
ECS = electrically controlled
suspension: Hệ thống treo điều
khiển bằng điện
ECT = 1. engine coolant temperature:
Nhiệt độ nước làm mát động cơ
2. = electronic controlled
transmission: Hộp số tự động
điều khiển bằng điện tử
ECU = electronic control unit: Bộ
điều khiển điện tử
edge binding n. tape for binding the
edges of carpets: Ràng buộc viền
(thảm)
l edge protection n. protection of
edges against corrosion, e.g. by
weather strips: Chống ăn mòn
cho các gờ, mối nối
edwardian car n. (gb) car built
between 1905 and 1918: Loại xe
từ 1905 – 1918
EEC = electronic engine control: Điều
khiển động cơ bằng điện tử
EFE system n. = early fuel
evaporation system: Hệ thống
bốc hơi nhiên liệu sớm
effective a. (a) actual rather than
theoretical or potential: Có hiệu
quả, hiệu dụng
effective deflection = deflection of
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
effective stroke
a suspension system under a
particular load: Độ võng của hệ
thống treo khi có tải
effective stroke = working or power
stroke in a two- stroke engine:
Thì sinh công
efficiency n. performance of a
mechanical device or system,
especially with regard to the
amount of energy used: Hiệu suất
braking efficiency = braking effort as
a percentage of the weight of the
vehicle: Hiệu suất phanh
EFI = electronic fuel injection: Hệ
thống phun xăng điện tử
EGR = exhaust gas recirculation: Sự
luân hồi khí thải
EGR valve = part of an egr system
mounted on or near the inlet
manifold and controlled by inlet
manifold vacuum, which is usually
closed at idle and low speeds,
but opens during acceleration,
admitting exhaust gas to the inlet
manifold: Van hồi lưu khí thải
eight n. eighth-cylinder engine, or
a car fitted with one, the cylinder
may be in-line (a straight eight )
or in a v-layout (a v-8): Động cơ
8 xi-lanh
EIN = engine identification number:
Số sê-ri động cơ (số máy)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
electrical
eject v. to put or throw out: Ném ra,
đẩy ra, đưa ra
eject button = button on a cassette
player for taking out the cassette:
nút lấy băng cassette ra
elasticity n. ability to recover original
size and shape when deforming,
especially stretching, forces are
released: Tính đàn hồi, tính co giãn
elastomer n. elastic macromolecular
material that at room temperature
returns rapidly approximately its
initial dimensions and shape after
substantial deformation by awake
stress and release of the stress:
Chất đàn hồi
elbow n. bend in a pipe: Khuỷu, chỗ
gấp khúc trên ống
electric a. operated by or derived
from electricity: Bằng điện, có
điện
electric air control valve = EAC valve
electric air switching valve = EAS
valve
electrical a. relating to electricity:
Thuộc về điện
electrical conductivity = ability of a
material to conduct electricity,
which is opposite to resistivity:
Tính dẫn điện
electrical screwdriver = usually
153
electrical system
small screwdriver for use when
working on the electrical system,
with a thin blade and an insulated
handle, also sometimes an
insulated shank: Vít thử điện
electrical system = combination of
all wiring circuits and electrical
units and equipment on a vehicle,
with the exception of those in the
ignition system: Hệ thống điện
electric car n. car whose motive
power is provided by an electric
motor, with the advantages of
silence and lack of pollution, and
the disadvantages of the weight
of the batteries and the need for
recharging after a relatively short
distance: Xe điện
electric charge n. defined quantity of
electricity, which may be positive,
as with protons, or negative, as
with electrons: Điện tích
electric current n. flow of electricity
passing through a conductor:
Dòng điện
electric fuel pump n. electrically
power petrol or diesel pump,
drawing fuel from the bank and
delivering it to the carburetor or
fuel injection system: Bơm nhiên
liệu bằng điện
electric grid n. = electrical system:
Hệ thống điện
154
electrode adjusting tool
electric mirror = external, usually
door mirror which can be adjusted
from inside the car: Gương chiếu
hậu chỉnh điện
electric motor n. machine which
changes electrical energy into
usually rotational motion: mô tơ
điện
electric top n. US = power hood:
Mui (nắp ca-pô) điều khiển bằng
điện
electric windows n. windows which
are raised and lowered by
electric motors, and operated by
switches on the centre console
or on the door. In US English, it
is power windows: Hệ thống kính
cửa điều khiển bằng điện
electromechanical corrosion n.
corrosion involving at least one
electrode reaction: Sự ăn mòn
cơ điện
electro coating n. = electrophoretic
painting: Sơn điện
electrode n. conductor which
leads current into a gas, liquid
or vacuum, such as those in a
sparking plug between which
the spark passes to ignite the
mixture: Điện cực
electrode adjusting tool = tool used to
bend side electrodes on sparking
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
electrode gap
plugs for gap adjustment, usually
combined with gauges for checking
the gap: Dụng cụ điều chỉnh khe
hở bu-gi
electrode gap = sparking plug gap:
Khe hở bu-gi
electrode position n. generic term
for electrolytic processes which a
metal is deposited at the cathode
from a solution of its ions, such
as electroplating, or in which paint
is deposited in an immersion
process by mean of electric
current: Sự phủ lớp bằng điện
(sơn)
electrogalvanizing n. coating of
metal, especially iron or steel,
with zinc by electroplating: Mạ
điện
electrolysis n. method by which
chemical reactions are carried
out by passage of electric current
through a solution of an electrolyte
or through a molten salt, e.g. in
a starter battery: Phương pháp
điện phân
electrolyte n. substance which
can be dissolved to yield a
solution, or a solution itself
able to conduct electric current,
especially in an electric cell or
battery: Chất điện phân
electrolyte level = amount of
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
electromotive force
electrolyte in a car battery, which
must cover the top of the plates:
Mức chất điện phân (ắc quy)
electrolyte tester = device for
checking electrolyte density in
a battery, and hence its state of
charge: Phù kế
electrolytic a. relating to electrolysis
or an electrolyte: Điện phân
electrolytic cell = cell consisting
of electrodes immersed in an
electrolyte solution for carrying
out electrolysis: Hộc, ngăn bình
(điện phân)
electrolytic-corrosion = electro-
chemical corrosion causing the
electrolytic removal of metal: Sự
ăn mòn điện hóa
electrolytic deposition = electroplating:
Kỹ thuật mạ điện
electrolytic galvanizing = electrogal-
vanizing: Mạ điện
electrolytic protection = cathodic
protection: Sự bảo vệ ca-tốt
electromagnetic clutch n. any clutch
in with magnetic force is used to
hold the drive in engagement,
such as that in the compressor
drive of an air-conditioning
system: Ly hợp điện từ (điều hòa)
electromotive force (emf) n. source
155
electron
of electrical energy required
to produce an electric current,
produced by devices such as
batteries or generators and
measured in volts: Sức điện động
electron n. negatively charged
constituent of an atom: Điện tử
electron flow = current produced
by the motion of free electrons
towards a positive terminal,
whose direction is the opposite to
that of the current: Dòng hạt điện
tử
electronic a. featuring semiconduc-
tors (usually transistors) as an
operating medium: Điện tử
electronically controlled a. controlled
by electronic means: Được điều
khiển bằng điện tử
electronic cluster n. display showing
various functions, including
speedometer, tachometer,
gauges, etc. using leds or lcd
technology displaying symbols
and bar instead of numbers,
opposite is analogue cluster:
Tableau điện tử (hiện số)
electronic control unit (ecu) n.
microprocessor and memory
with electronic maps, forming
the central part of an engine
management system or of
156
electronic ride control
subsystems such as a fuel
injection or ignition system,
which is also called electronic
control module (ECM): Cụm điều
khiển điện tử, hộp ECU
electronic engine control (EEC) n.
engine management system
which control the ignition system
and various other systems,
including the exhaust gas
recirculation and air –injection
systems: Điều khiển động cơ
bằng điện tử
electronic fuel injection (EFI or EFI)
n. system that injects fuel into the
engine and includes an electronic
control unit to time and meter
the flow: Hệ thống phun nhiên
liệu bằng điện tử
electronic ignition system n. term
used to designate breakerless
transistorized ignitions,
transistorized ignitions with
electronic spark timing, and
sometimes mapped ignition
systems: Hệ thống đánh lửa điện
tử
electronic navigator n.= trip
computer: Máy tính hành trình
(báo tiêu hao nhiên liệu, lượng
xăng còn, số km đã đi…)
electronic ride control n. suspension
control system comprising
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
electronic spark advance
microprocessor controlled,
electronically adjustable air
shock absorbers for automatic
selection of the optimum damping
characteristics depending on and
road surface and load conditions:
Hệ thống giảm chấn tự động
electronic spark advance (ESA) n.
the part of an ecu that controls
ignition timing and dwell angle:
Điều khiển góc đánh lửa và góc
ngậm bằng điện tử
electronic spark control (ESC) or
electronic spark timing (EST) n.
ignition timing by means of an
ignition map, either integrated
into mapped ignition systems or
available as a separate module
to enhance transistorized ignition
systems: Điều khiển đánh lửa
sớm bằng điện tử
electronic traction control (ETC) n.
system for reducing wheel spin,
incorporating wheel sensors:
Điều khiển lực kéo (chống trượt)
bằng điện tử
electronic transmission control n.
system or module for controlling
automatic transmission: Hộp số
tự động điều khiển bằng điện tử
electropainting n. = electrophoretic
painting: Sơn điện
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
electrostatic painting
electrophoretic painting n. process
used to apply the first coat of
paint (primer) to car body: Sơn
điện (cho lớp sơn đầu tiên)
electrophoretic primer = paint
used to prime car body by the
electrophoretic process: Lớp sơn
đầu tiên trên thân xe
electro picker n. electrical door lock
picker (available to key services
and the police only): Đồ nạy khóa
cửa điện (khi mất khóa)
electroplate v. to plate (metal) by
electrodeposition: Mạ điện
electroplating n. electrodeposition
of metals or alloys from suitable
electrolyte solutions, the articles
to be plated being connected
to the cathode in an electrolyte
solution, and direct current
introduced through the anode
of the metal to be deposited: Kỹ
thuật mạ điện
electrostatic painting or spraying
n. painting method using the
particle attracting properly of
electrostatic charges, in which
a direct current of approx.
100,000 volts is applies to a grid
of wires through which the paint
is sprayed to charge each
particle, and the metals objects
157
electrostatic powder coating
to be sprayed are connected
to the opposite terminal of the
high-voltage circuit, so as to
attract the paint particles: Sơn
tĩnh điện
electrostatic powder coating (EPC)
= painting process in which the
outer parts of the body shell are
coated with a powder dispersion
by means of cathodic immersion,
and in which the cavities are
coated with cathodic electropaint:
Lớp sơn tĩnh điện
electrovalve n. = solenoid valve:
Van điện
element n. assembly of all positive
and negative plates of a
single battery cell including its
separators, arranged so as to
start and finish with a negative
plate (so that there are always
negative then positive plates ),
because the positive plates tend
to distort under discharge: Ắc quy
đơn
ellipsoidal headlight n. headlight
with a reflector which is wider than
it is high, and not circular, has
replaced the parabolic reflector:
Đèn đầu dạng ellipsoid
embrittlement n. reduced toughness
in plastic or metal caused by age,
158
emission
heat or rough use: Sự giòn của
nhựa hoặc kim loại trong vận hành
emergency n. sudden, unexpected
occurrence, such as a breakdown
or the failure of some part, which
may be dangerous and demands
immediate action: Tình trạng khẩn
cấp (do hư hỏng)
emergency brake = secondary
braking system which comes to
operation when the main braking
system fails: Phanh phụ
emergency inflator = aerosol can
which inflates a punctured tyre
and injects sealing compound to
provide a temporary repair: Bình
xịt vá vỏ tạm thời
emergency transmitter = transmitter
no larger than a car radio, fitted
inside the vehicle which enables
drivers to radio for help from the
security of their own cars: Máy
phát tín hiệu báo trộm
emergency windscreen = sheet of
clear plastic fitted in place of
broken windscreen: Tấm dán
kính vỡ
emery cloth n. cloth coated in emery
crystals for use as an abrasive on
metals: Vải nhám
EMF = electromotive force
emission n. passing toxic substances
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
emissions
into the atmosphere: Phát xạ ô
nhiễm từ khí xả
emissions = gases and other
pollutants coming from the vehicle
with an internal combustion
engine: Sự thải ra chất ô nhiễm
từ xe
emission control n. (a) reduction of
all types of emission from motor
vehicles: Kiểm soát khí thải
(b) emission control (system ) = any
system, device or modification
added onto or designed into a
motor vehicle for the purpose of
reducing air-polluting emissions,
such as catalytic converter: Hệ
thống kiểm soat khí xả
emission levels n. amount of toxic
substances passed into the
atmosphere by motor vehicles:
Lượng khí độc vào không khí
emission standards n. specified
maximum emission levels
permitted from different classes
of motor vehicle in different
countries: Tiêu chuẩn khí thải
the stringent US emission
standards = the low emission
levels permitted in the United
States, especially in California:
Tiêu chuẩn khí thải nghiêm
khắc của Mỹ
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
end cutters
EMS = emission management system:
Hệ thống kiểm soát khí thải
emulsion n. mixture of two liquids
which do not fully mix, such as oil
and water, or specifically petrol
and air in a carburetor: Nhũ
tương (nước vào nhớt, không khí
và xăng)
emulsion tube = part of a fixed
jet carburetor, in which air is
introduced into the mixture
through holes to help atomize it
and correct excessive richness at
higher engine speeds: Ống nhũ
hóa (chế hoà khí) (nơi không khí
đi qua lỗ trộn)
enamel n. high-gloss paint that
is slower drying and therefore
easier to apply than cellulose,
and will cause cellulose applied
over it to lift: Sơn bóng trên gỗ
end cap n. cap covering the end of
a piece of trim or of a fuse: Đầu
chụp (cầu chì loại cũ)
end cover (plate ) n. cover containing
a bearing at either end of a
dynamo or alternator: Tấm chắn
ổ bi trong máy phát
end cutters or end cutting pliers n.
small pincers with sharp jaws for
cutting and stripping wires, etc.:
Kìm cắt và tuốt dây
159
end float
end float n. = end play
endoscope n. instrument used to
see into the interior of hollow
cavities such as box sections:
Đèn nội soi
end play n. bearing clearance in an
axial direction: Khe hở dọc bạc lót
check the big end bearing for end
play = check if there is any
sideways movement in the big
end: Kiểm tra khe hở dọc bạc lót
đầu to thanh truyền
endurance test n. test of a material
or system over a long period: Thử
độ bền
energize v. to activate (a solenoid,
relay, etc.) by providing sufficient
energy: Bắt đầu làm việc nhờ cấp
năng lượng
energy n. capacity for doing work,
measured in joules or in the case
of electrical energy, in kilo-watt
hours: Năng lượng
energy absorbing a. able to absorb
force of impact: hấp thu năng
lượng
energy absorbing steering column =
safety design of steering column
which telescopes on impact: Trụ
tay lái hấp thu năng lượng khi
đụng xe (xếp lại)
160
engine
energy conversion n. changing of
one form of energy into another
or into work, such as that in the
combustion process, the heat of
which is used toturn the engine
and thus create motion: Sự
chuyển hóa năng lượng
engage v. (a) to come into contact
and be locked together (with
another part): Làm ăn khớp
the clutch engages smoothly =
the driving and driven plates of
the clutch come together and
take up the drive without judder:
Ly hợp ăn khớp một cách êm ái
(b) to bring (a part) into contact
with another so that it is locked to
it: Gài khớp
to engage a lower gear = to select
a lower ratio by moving the gear
lever: Gài số thấp hơn
engagement n. bringing into locking
contact (e.g. of the clutch ), or
selection of a gear: Sự ăn khớp
engine n. energy-converting
propelling unit of a motor vehicle,
usually internal combustion
engine of the reciprocating-piston
type, either with spark ignition
(petrol engines) or compression
ignition (diesel engines): Động cơ
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
engine analyzer
engine analyzer n. electronic
engine-test-device, formerly free-
standing in a cabinet, and now
often hand-held and connected to
the diagnostic socket of a vehicle
(as in the case of the diagnostic
read-out box ), which provides
data on all aspect of the engine’s
state of tune: Máy phân tích (chẩn
đoán) động cơ
engine bay n. = engine compartment:
Ngăn, khoang động cơ
engine block n. cylinder block with
integral crankcase: Khối động cơ,
khối xi-lanh
engine block heater = cylinder block
heater: Bộ phận nung khối xi-lanh
(khởi động lạnh)
engine brake or braking effect n.
retarding effect of an engine
when the vehicle is in gear with
the throttle closed, i.e. on the
overrun, which is increased by
changing to a lower gear: Hiện
tượng động cơ chạy chậm lại khi
còn số mà bướm ga đóng (phanh
động cơ)
engine capacity n. swept volume of
an engine: Dung tích động cơ
engine compartment n. area into
which the engine is fitted: Khoang
động cơ
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
engine diagnostic connected
engine coolant n. liquid used in the
engine’s cooling system: nước
làm mát động cơ
engine cover n. panel of metal or
plastic covering the engine of
a rear-engine car. The terms
bonnet in british usage and
hood in american usage are
only used for the cover a front-
mounted engine: Nắp chụp động
cơ (đặt sau)
engine damage n. breakage,
deformation or scoring of the
internal parts of an engine: Sự
hư hỏng các chi tiết bên trong
động cơ
overrevving may cause engine
damage = running the engine too
fast may result in, for example,
seizure, a burnt piston or a
dropped valve: Chạy vượt tốc có
thể gây hư động cơ
engine depression n. low pressure
on the engine side of the throttle
cause by piston suction in the
inlet manifold: Sức hút động cơ
(áp thấp)
engine diagnostic connected n.
electrical connecter for plugging
in the engine analyzer, forming
an interface between the engine
electronic controls and diagnostic
unit, and used to read the engine
161
engine hoist
data as well as any fault codes
store in the memory of the engine
controller: Giắc nối chẩn đoán
động cơ
engine hoist n. small crane for
lifting an engine out of a motor
vehicle, formerly incorporating a
block and tackle, but now usually
hydraulically operated: Cần trục
nhỏ nâng động cơ
engine (identification) number (ein)
n. number stamped on the engine
and usually also on the vehicle
identification plate, which should
be quoted when ordering parts:
Số máy
engine knock n. engine operating
condition, accompanied by
audible noise, that occurs when
fuel in the cylinders is ignition
too early and/or spontaneously,
resulting in colliding flame fronts
and shock waves which cause
high thermal and mechanical
stress, and can severely damage
the engine: Sự rốc máy (kích nổ)
engine layout n. (a) type of engine,
with reference to the arrangement
of its cylinders and their number
(as in a flat four, V-twin or straight
eight): Cách phân loại động cơ
(b) positioning of the engine in the
vehicle (as in front, mid-or rear
162
engine overhaul
engine, a transverse or in-line
engine): Vị trí đặt động cơ
engine management system (EMS)
n. electronic engine control
system which covers at least the
functioning of the fuel injection
and ignition, but may also include
emission controls and self-
diagnostics: Hệ thống điều khiển
động cơ
engine map n. = characteristic map:
Bản đồ đặc tuyến động cơ (lửa
và xăng) nạp trong EPROM
engine misfire n. misfire: Sự mất lửa
engine modifications n. alterations to
the specification of the engine to
increase power output, improve
economy, reduce emissions, etc.:
Sự cải tiến động cơ
engine mounting n. flexible support
for the engine in which an
elastic medium, usually rubber,
is interposed between lugs on
the engine and the frame of the
vehicle: Chân gá động cơ (cao su
chân máy)
engine oil level warning light = light
on the instrument panel which
comes on when the oil in the
sump falls below a certain level:
Đèn báo mực dầu (nhớt) động cơ
engine overhaul n. dismantling of
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
engine parameters
the engine and restoration of the
manufacturer’s original tolerance
by replacement of worn parts,
reboring the cylinders, regrinding
the crankshaft, etc.: Sự đại tu
động cơ (máy)
engine parameters n. used in the
context of emission controls for
those engine characteristics
sensitive to engine performance,
such as power/ bhp, general
engine performance and fuel
economy: Các thông số động cơ
engine performance tester n. =
engine analyzer
engine size n. = engine capacity:
Dung tích động cơ
engine speed n. number of
revolutions per minute (RPM) at
which the engine is turning: Tốc
độ động cơ
engine speed limiter = device acting
as a governor which cuts the
power when a certain number of
RPM is reached: Bộ giới hạn tốc
độ động cơ
engine speed sensor = in most cases,
a magnetic pick-up that scans
the flywheel teeth and produces
one output signal per scanned
tooth, or a hall generator in the
distributor, whose signals are
passed to the electronic control
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
environmentally friendly
unit: Cảm biến tốc độ động cơ
engine subframe n. separate frame
in which the engine is mounted:
Khung gá động cơ
engine temperature sensor n. sensor
used to a monitor the temperature
of the engine, not identical with
the coolant temperature sensor:
Cảm biến nhiệt độ động cơ
engine timing n. ignition and valve
timing: Sự điều chỉnh động cơ
(cân lửa và cam)
enrichment n. making the air/fuel
mixture richer, i.e. increase the
fuel content: Sự làm giàu hoà khí
enrichment device or unit = circuit in
a carburetor providing a richer
mixture, operated by engine
vacuum: Cơ cấu làm giàu hoà khí
envelope n. cover enclosing
something entirely, such as the
glass of a lamp bulb: Vỏ bọc
environment-conscious or
environmentally aware a .
aware of dangers and threats
to the environment and taking
appropriate action to avoid them:
Quan tâm đến môi trường
environmentally friendly = harmless
to the environment, or causing as
little harm as possible: Vô hại đến
môi trường
163
EPA
EPA n. (US) Environmental Protection
Agency, which is responsible for
recommending environmental
legislation and in the automotive
sphere produces test cycles and
estimates fuel economy: Cục Bảo
vệ Môi trường của Mỹ
EPC = electrostatic powder coating
EP gear oil n. extreme pressure
gear oil preventing metal-to-
metal contact, used mainly in
gearboxes and final drives units:
Dầu bôi trơn bánh răng
epicyclical gearbox n. constant-
mesh gearbox with several
planetary gear
sets made up of an internally toothed
outer ring gear, several small
intermediate pinions or planet
gears and a large externally
toothed central gear known as
a sun wheel. In US English, it is
planetary transmission: Hộp số
bánh răng hành tinh
epoxy resin n. thermosetting resin
based on ethylene oxide or
similar material or derivatives,
used in adhesives, fillers, and
primers and other finishes: Nhựa
epoxi
EPS (short for) electronically
controlled power steering: Trợ
lực lái điều khiển bằng điện tử
164
ESR
equalizer n. (a) = graphic equalizer:
Nút chỉnh tần số âm thanh
(cassette)
(b) compensator: Cơ cấu bù
equal power distribution or split
n. system in four wheel drive
vehicles which ensures that an
equal amount of power is passed
to the front and rear wheels: Sự
phân phối công suất cân bằng
giữa bánh trước và bánh sau
equipment n. devices and systems
fitted to a vehicle which are
either essential or optional, and
either fitted by the manufacturer
(original equipment ): Thiết bị
equipment package = particular
combination of equipment
provided by the manufacturer:
Nguyên gói thiết bị
erode v. to remove a surface layer
(by chemical action or by rubbing
): Ăn mòn, bào mòn
erosion n. removing a surface layer
(by chemical action or wear ): Sự
bào mòn
ESA = electronic spark advance
ESC = electronic spark control
ESR (short for) electric sunroof:
Cửa mui xe điều khiển bằng
điện (cửa trời)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
EST
EST = electronic spark timing: Điều
khiển thời điểm đánh lửa bằng
điện tử
estate car n. private car which is
essentially a saloon whose roof
is extended to the rear of the car,
which is more or less vertical and
incorporates a tailgate, giving the
increase by lowering the can be
further increased by lowering
the back of the rear seat. In US
English, it is station wagon: Xe
vừa chở khách vừa chở hàng
ESV = experimental safety vehicle:
Xe thử nghiệm an toàn
ETA (short for) estimated time of
arrival: thời gian đến dự kiến
(máy tính hành trình)
etching n. (a) roughening or
disintegration of the paint surface,
which can occur on small patches
or over a wide area, through
attack from bird droppings,
screen washer fluid, industrial fall
out, etc.: Bong sơn do tác động
môi trường
(b) removal of soil or the natural
oxide film from an aluminium
surface, giving a roughened
surface which improves adhesion
of the subsequent paint layer, or
removal the actual metal: Cạo bề
mặt kim loại để sơn bám tốt
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
evaporation control system
ethanol n. ethyl alcohol which is
added to petrol, typically in a
mixture of 10% ethanol and 90%
unleaded petrol: Ethanol (thêm
vào xăng)
ethyl acrylate n. polymer used in
toughening rubber: Hợp chất cao
phân tử để tăng độ cứng cho cao
su
ethylene –glycol n. thick hygroscopic
liquid which is used as the main
constituent of antifreeze: Thành
phần của chất chống đông (trong
nước làm mát động cơ)
euromix formular n. basis for a
standard test cycle covering both
town driving and driving on the
open road: Chu trình kiểm tra xe
evacuate v. to remove by pushing
out: tháo, cách ly
evaporate v. to turn into a vapour:
Làm bay hơi, làm bốc hơi
evaporation n. conversion of a
liquid into a vapour: Sự bốc hơi
evaporation control system or
evaporation emission control
(system) (evap) = system for
reducing evaporation emissions
by means of a sealed fuel tank,a
vapour-liquid separator, a three-
way valve, an active carbon filter,
and a network of interconnecting
165
evaporative emissions
hoses: Hệ thống kiểm soát
sự bốc hơi nhiên liệu (chống ô
nhiễm)
evaporative emissions or losses n.
vapour or fumes not emitted by
the exhaust system, but escaping
from the fuel tank, carburetor
and crankcase, and accounting
for about 40% of hydrocarbon
emissions released by a petrol
engine without emission controls:
Sự bốc hơi của nhiên liệu từ
thùng chứa
evaporator n. in automotive air-
conditioning systems, a heat
exchanger designed to absorb
heat by evaporation of a
refrigerant: Giàn lạnh, bộ bốc hơi
(note: opposite is condenser)
evap system n. = evaporative
emission control system
EVC = exhaust valve closes
EVO = exhaust valve opens
EW (short of ) electric windows: Cửa
sổ điện, kính điện
exchange engine n. overhauled
replacement engine provided in
change for a worn (but unchanged)
engine, plus a charge: Động cơ
được đổi khi đại tu
excitation winding n. = field winding:
cuộn dây kích từ
166
exhaust emission control system
ex-demonstrator n. car formerly used
by a dealer as a demonstrator:
Xe đã qua trưng bày
executive car n. large, powerful
luxury car considered suitable for
a business executive: Xe cao cấp
exhaust 1 n. (a) = exhaust gas: Khí
thải, khí xả
(b) = exhaust system: hệ thống thải.
2 v. to push out or discharge
(combustion gases ): Thải ra
exhaust back pressure n. any
pressure holding back the flow of
the gases in as exhaust system:
ap suất ngược của khí thải
exhaust cam (shaft) n. separate
camshaft controlling the opening
and closing of the exhaust valves
used in twin overhead camshaft
engines, opposite is inlet
camshaft: Trục cam thải
exhaust chamber n. part of the two-
stroke exhaust system designed
to maintain a specified back
pressure: Buồng thải (động cơ
hai kỳ)
exhaust emission control n. reduction
of harmful pollutants in the gases
emitted from the exhaust system:
Sự kiểm soát khí thải (ô nhiễm)
exhaust emission control system
= general term for any system
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
exhaust emissions
that reduces the harmful
exhaust emissions of a motor
vehicle, including one or all of
the following systems, catalytic
converter (with or without oxygen
sensor air/ fuel control), exhaust
gas recirculation, secondary air
injection or induction, and positive
crankcase ventilation: Hệ thống
kiểm soát khí thải
exhaust emissions n. gases emitted
into the atmosphere through the
exhaust system, or indeed any
opening down-stream of the
exhaust ports of an engine: Sự
phát xạ ô nhiễm do khí thải
exhaust gas n. gas which is the
product of the combustion process
and which is passed out of the
cylinder through the exhaust valve
or port into the exhaust system:
Khí cháy, khí thải
exhaust gas analyzer = device which
can establish the hydrocarbon,
carbon monoxide or carbon
dioxide content of the exhaust
gases, used fro tuning the
engine or testing to see whether
emissions control standards are
met: Thiết bị phân tích khí thải
exhaust gas purification (system) =
emission control system for diesel
engines, which may consist of
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
exhaust port
an exhaust scrubber, a diesel
exhaust filter, and/ or a catalytic
converter: Hệ thống làm sạch
khí thải
exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) =
process in which a small portion
of the exhaust gas is mixed with
air in the induction tract, which
has the effect of reducing the
nitrogen oxides then emitted: Hệ
thống tuần hoàn khí thải (để giảm
NOx)
exhaust manifold n. first part of the
exhaust system, usually made of
cast iron, and fixed directly to the
cylinder head over the gases and
passes them to the down pipe(s)
connected to its outlet(s): Ống
góp thải
exhaust note n. sound coming from
the end of the exhaust pipe: Tiếng
nổ ở cuối pô
exhaust pipe n. any pipe forming part
of the exhaust system: Ống pô
exhaust pollutants n. = exhausts
emissions: Sự ô nhiễm của khí
thải
exhaust port n. (a) (in four –stroke
engines) short passage in the
cylinder head from the exhaust
valve opening to the exhaust
manifold (or exhaust pipe on a
typical motorcycle): Cửa thải
167
exhaust scrubber
(b) (in two-stroke engines) opening
in the cylinder wall used for
discharge of the spent gases into
the exhaust system: Cửa thải trên
thành xi-lanh (động cơ hai kỳ)
exhaust scrubber n. diesel exhaust
gas purification system which
cools the exhaust and separates
nitrogen oxide and oil vapours
from the gas stream: Thiết bị lọc
khí thải (diesel)
exhaust side n. side of the engine
where the exhaust valves and
exhaust manifold are situated:
Phía bên thải
exhaust stroke n. in spark ignition
and diesel engines, the upward
stroke of the piston when the
energy of combustion is spent
and the piston moves upward
again, the exhaust valve opens
and burned gases are forced out
past the open exhaust valve: Thì
thải
exhaust system n. system in a
four-wheeled motor vehicle
that collects the exhaust gases
and discharges them into the
air, consisting of the exhaust
manifold, exhaust pipe, silencer,
tailpipe, and rear silencer or
resonator: Hệ thống thải
exhaust timing n. exhaust control
168
expander
system developed especially for
two-stroke motorcycle engines in
order to enhance low and mid-
range power: hệ thống điều khiển
thời điểm thải (hai kỳ)
exhaust treatment n. any measures
taken to reduce the pollutant
concentrations in the exhaust of
an internal combustion engine
release into the atmosphere: Sự
xử lý khí thải
exhaust turbocharging n. =
turbocharging: Tăng áp bằng khí
thải
exhaust valve n. valve usually of
the poppet type and smaller than
the inlet valve, in four-stroke ic
engines, operated directly or
indirectly by a camshaft to open
during the exhaust stroke to allow
the combustion gases to escape:
Xú-páp thải
exhaust valve closes (EVC) = mark
on a valve-timing diagram: Dấu
xú-páp thải đóng
exhaust valve opens (EVO) = mark
on a valve–timing diagram: Dấu
xú-páp thải mở
expander n. device in a drum
brake system (either hydraulic
or mechanical) which forces the
shoes apart into contact with the
drum: Cần đẩy trống phanh
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
expander ring
expander ring or spacer n. part used
in an oil-control ring consisting
of more than one part (e.g. one
upper and one lower rail) to exert
a constant pressure on the ring,
in order to ensure a tight seal
towards the cylinder wall: Vòng
ép trong xéc-măng dầu
expansion n. increase in volume of a
liquid or a gas: Sự giãn nở
expansion stroke = power stroke:
Thì giãn nở, kỳ sinh công
expansion tank = overflow container
for gases or liquids subject to
expansion, such as fuels or
more particularly coolant which
expanse when heated, and when
cools returns to the radiator: Bình
giãn nở, bình nước phụ
expansion valve = flow-control valve
located between the condenser
and evaporator in an air-
conditioner and which controls
the amount of refrigerant sprayed
into the evaporator: Van tiết lưu
(hệ thống điều hoà không khí)
experimental safety vehicle
(ESV) n. special vehicle built
for research into and testing of
safety features: Xe thí nghiệm độ
an toàn
expioded view n. drawing of a
mechanism or structure which
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
external mirror
shows the parts separately but
approximately in the position they
occupy when assembled: Sơ đồ
chi tiết (chi tiết vẽ rời)
expressway n. us multilane road
like a motorway, with full or partial
control of access: Siêu xa lộ
extension bar or piece n. part used
with socket spanners inserted
between a socket and drive
handle, which allow access to
nuts or bolt heads in deeply
recessed or otherwise confined
areas: Khớp nối (cần siết)
exterior mirror n. = external mirror:
Kính chiếu hậu ngoài
external combustion engine n.
engine (such as a steam engine)
in which fuel is burnt outside the
cylinder or cylinders, power being
generated by the expansion of
another liquid or gas heated by
combustion: động cơ đốt ngoài
external diameter n. the external
diameter of a cylinder or tube:
Đường kính ngoài
external micrometer n. micrometer
for measuring external diameters:
Pan me đo ngoài
external mirror n. mirror attached to
the outside of the vehicle, typically
on the driver’s or the passenger’s
169
external thread
door: Kính chiếu hậu bên ngoài xe
external thread n. thread consisting
of projecting ridges on the outside
of a part such as a bolt or screw
(which fits into the corresponding
internal thread of a nut or similar),
also called male thread: Ren
ngoài (ren đực).
external vane pump n. pump with
either an elliptic rotating piston or
an eccentrically mounted circular
rotor: Bơm có cánh bên ngoài
extractor n. special tool for extracting
bearings, bushes and sleeves
from housings and blind holes:
Cái cảo
extras n. optional additional items
either fitted by the manufacturer
at the buyer’s request, or fitted
later by the owner, comprising
either accessories such as seat
covers or additional lights or built-
170
eyelet pliers
in items such as a heated rear
window or sunroof: Đồ gắn thêm
trên xe
eye n. circular opening or hole, such
as that at then the end of a leaf
spring or that formed at the end
of a cable: Các khoen (nhíp hoặc
dây điện)
eyebolt n. bolt with an eye in place of
a head, through which a cable can
be passed, e.g. for lifting purposes:
Bu-lông có lỗ để móc cáp
eyelet connector n. connector for
electrical connections which is
attached to a wire and has its ring-
shaped end pushed on to a round
post or threaded terminal: Khoen
dây nối (để bắt vào thân xe)
eyelet pliers n. pliers for punching
small holes, with a round stud in
one jaw and a hole in the other:
Kìm bấm lỗ
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
F fade
Ff
F (a) (short for) Fahrenheit: Độ F
(b) = field (terminal): Đầu ra cuộn
dây kích từ (máy phát)
fabric n. material made from textile
or man-made fibres, used e.g. in
the structure of tyre casings, for
covering seats, etc.: Vải bố, vải gai
l fabric body = simple form of
lightweight bodywork in which a
waterproof, clothbacked material
is stretched over a wooden
frame-work, popular around 1930
and still used at a later date by
DKW and even postwar by Lloyd:
Kết cấu thân xe nhẹ
l fabric hood or top = soft-top made
from a textile (such as canvas) as
opposed to vinyl: Mui vải
fabricate v. to make, usually by a
relatively complex process or from
several parts: Chế tạo, sản xuất.
face n. front, visible or working
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
surface of a part (such as a valve)
or a tool (such as a hammer): Phần
phía trước, bề mặt, bề ngoài
l facelift n. minor styling
modifications made to a car
model which may be approaching
the end of its useful life, intended
to improve the appearance and
thus boost sales with minimum
cost, including such features
as restyled headlights, larger
taillights, added trim and
spoilers: Sự tạo dáng xe để bán,
đổi kiểu dáng
facia n. = fascia: Bảng đồng hồ
trong xe
factory adjusted a. set by the works
when the vehicle is built (and not
to be altered): Đã điều chỉnh ở
nơi lắp ráp
fade n. = brake fade: Sự mòn má phanh
l fader n. device which adjusts
the sound balance of front and
171
fail-safe system
rear speakers in a four-speaker
layout: Thiết bị điều chỉnh cân
bằng âm thanh giữa các loa
l fading n. (a) loss of brightness
or colour in a part finish: Sự mờ
dần, nhạt đi (sơn).
fail-safe system n. system which
remains safe even when part of it
fails, such as a dual-circuit brake
system: Hệ thống dự phòng
fair v. to add a fairing to a body:
Làm nhẵn, làm phẳng
l fairing (panel) n. additional
streamlined body panel placed
over a projecting part, or an
integral panel also designed to
give minimum drag: Sự làm nhẵn
và thon thân xe
family car n. car suitable for
transporting a family, usually a
four-door saloon or hatchback:
Loại xe ô tô gia đình
fan n. device with a number of blades
mounted in a central hub, which
can move air as it turns: Cái quạt
fan belt n. originally and logically,
the V-belt used to drive the
engine fan from a pulley on the
front of the crankshaft, which also
drives the dynamo or alternator
and in some cases the water
pump: Dây đai kéo quạt
172
fascia
fan blade n. part of the fan projecting
at an angle from the central hub,
which draws the air through the
radiator: Cánh quạt
l fan clutch n. clutch by means of
which the fan can be engaged and
disengaged according to engine
temperature, usually operated
automatically by a thermostat: Ly
hợp (nhiệt) quạt làm mát động cơ
l fan cooling n. type of air cooling
where a blower is responsible
for transporting the amount of
air required for the cooling of
the engine past the cooling fins,
which in turn dissipate the heat
stored in them to the current of air
flowing past them: Quạt làm mát
động cơ
l fan pulley n. pulley on the hub
of the radiator fan on which its
driving belt runs: Puly quạt làm
mát
fascia n. (a) = instrument panel:
Tableau, bảng đồng hồ
(b) panel forming part of the
external trim, such as that below
the bumper: Băng, dải
l fast charger n. battery charger,
which can charge a battery at a
rate of 40 amps or even more,
used by garages and battery
suppliers: Máy sạc nhanh
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
fatigue
l fast idle n. higher than normal
tickover speed of an engine when
cold with the choke in operation:
Sự cầm chừng nhanh
l fast idle cam = cam in a
carburettor, which opens the
throttle slightly when the choke
is brought into operation, either
automatically or mechanically:
Cơ cấu cam điều khiển cầm
chừng nhanh (chế hòa khí)
l fast idle screw = screw on a
carburettor for adjusting the fast
idle speed: Vít chỉnh tốc độ cầm
chừng nhanh
l fast idle solenoid = solenoid
operating in conjunction with
an automatic choke to open the
throttle slightly when the choke is
in operation: Van điện điều khiển
tốc độ cầm chừng nhanh
l fast lane n. outside lane on a
motorway used by fast-moving
traffic for over-taking: Làn xe
cao tốc
fatigue n. weaking of a material
subjected to high stresses, which
may crack or even break as a
result: Sự mỏi (giảm sức chịu
đựng của vật liệu)
l fatigue limit = maximum stress
that a material can endure for an
infinite number of stress cycles
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
FE analysis
without breaking: Giới hạn mỏi
l fatigue resistance or strength =
maximum stress that a material
can endure for a given time
without breaking: Độ bền mỏi
l fatigue test = test on a material
to determine the range of stress
it will stand without failing, by
subjecting it to rapidly varying
stresses to establish its fatigue
limit: Sự kiểm tra độ bền mỏi
fault n. defect which is either
inherent in the vehicle as built
(manufacturing fault) or which
occurs during: Sự cố, lỗi, hư hỏng
l fault diagnosis = tracing of faults,
greatly aided on many modern
vehicles by the use of an in-built
diagnostic system and an engine
analyzer: Sự chẩn đoán hư hỏng
l fault memory = part of the
electronic control unit and of the
diagnostic system that stores
faulty conditions to facilitate
vehicle diagnosis: Bộ nhớ lỗi
l fault reader = device to be used
in conjunction with the vehicle’s
diagnostic system, providing a
read-out of the values measured,
etc.: Thiết bị đọc mã lỗi (code hư
hỏng)
FE analysis n. = finite-element
173
feather edge
analysis: Giải tích phần tử hữu
hạn
feather edge n. border of a repair
area to which filler has been
applied, which has been sanded
to merge imperceptibly into the
undamaged area: Vùng sơn dặm
feathering n. very gently pressing
on the throttle or brake pedal:
Đạp nhẹ (vào bàn đạp ga, phanh)
feather key n. key with parallel
faces whose ends may be round
or square: Chìa khóa miệng
Federal engine n. engine meeting
Federal emission standards and
certified by the EPA for use in any
state except California: Động cơ
đủ tiêu chuẩn khí thải liên bang
l Federal Test Procedure (FTP) n.
method of testing automotive
emissions simulating typical
driving conditions: Quy trình kiểm
tra khí thải Mỹ
Fédération Internationale de I’
Automobile (FIA) n. international
umbrella motoring organization
to which national motoring
organizations are affiliated: Hiệp
hội Ô tô Quốc tế
Fédération Internationale du Sport
Automobile (FISA) n. the
international governing body of
174
feed
motor sport: Hiệp hội Ô tô Thể
thao Quốc tế
feed 1 v. to supply (fuel, oil, current,
etc. ): Cung cấp, nạp
n. supply of fuel, oil, current, etc.:
Sự cung cấp, nạp
l feed line or pipe = pipe supplying
a liquid or gas: Đường ống cung
cấp
l feed pump = pump supplying,
for example, fuel in regulated
quantities: Bơm nhiên liệu, bơm
cung cấp
l feedback n. information in the
from of a signal from a sensor,
which is then used in a closed
loop system to regulate the
mixture strength, for example:
Sự phản hồi, hồi tiếp (trong điều
khiển kín)
l feedback carburettor (FIB) =
carburettor regulated by a closed
loop system providing the air/ fuel
mixture quality needed to operate
a catalytic converter: Bộ chế hoà
khí có cơ cấu điều chỉnh hỗn hợp
theo chu trình kín bằng tín hiệu
phản hồi
l feedback control = closed-loop
control: Sự điều khiển theo chu
trình kín
l feeler gauge n. tool with
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
female
metal feeler blades or wire
feelers of various thicknesses
for measuring small distances
and gaps between components,
e.g. valve clearances or gaps
between sparking plug electrodes
or contact breaker points: Cỡ lá
(đo khe hở)
l feeler blade = thin blade of
spring steel of an exact thickness
for measuring small gaps or
clearances between parts,
usually made in sets of various
thicknesses pinned together at
one end to form a feeler gauge:
Miếng cỡ lá
l feeler strip = metal strip of a
specific thickness from which
single feeler blades can be
cut, appropriate when frequent
measuring is required, to avoid
using worn blades: Lá cỡ rời
female a. fitting inside another part,
usually where two parts form a
connection of some kind: Đầu cái
(giắc điện)
l female thread = internal thread:
Ren trong
fender n. (a) US = WING: Vè xe
(b) = BUMPER: Tấm chắn
Ferguson four-wheel drive
(transmission) n. transmission
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
fibreglass
system in which power is
distributed through a special
viscous coupling differential, 37%
to the front wheels and 63% to
the rear wheels: Sự truyền động
xe hai cầu kiểu Ferguson
ferrous a. containing iron: Có chứa
sắt
festoon bulb n. light bulb in the form
of a small glass tube with caps at
each end providing the contacts:
Bóng đèn hai đầu cắm
FF headlight n. free-form headlight
using a free-shape reflector: Đèn
đầu hình dáng thanh nhã
F-head engine n. engine design with
overhead inlet and side exhaust
valves: Động cơ có đường nạp
phía trên và đường thải nằm bên
hông động cơ, kiểu F
fibreglass n. material made from fine
glass strands matted or woven
and bonded with a synthetic
resin, also called glass reinforced
plastic or GRP: Sợi thủy tinh
l fibreglass body = body whose
shell is moulded in one piece
from fibreglass: Thân xe được
làm bằng sợi thủy tinh
l fibre optics n. transmission of
information in the form of light
carried along sheathed glass
175
field coil
fibres, used in some engine
management systems and
malfunction warning indicators:
truyền thông tin qua sợi quang
field coil n.= field winding: Cuộn dây
kích từ.
l field terminal (F) n. the input
terminal on a dynamo: Cực ra
của cuộn kích từ (máy phát)
l field testing or trial n. testing of a
vehicle or component in more or
less normal use: Sự thử nghiệm
xe
l field winding n. part which
produces a constant-strength
magnetic field in an electric
motor or generator, the field core
being on the stator or the rotor
depending on the type of motor
or generator: Cuộn kích từ
fierceness n. tendency of a clutch
to engage suddenly so that it is
difficult to start smoothly from
rest: Giật khi nhả ly hợp
fifth (gear) n. highest ratio in a five-
speed gearbox: Số 5
l fifth wheel n. (a) additional wheel
attached to the rear of a vehicle
being road-tested which drives a
highly accurate speed-measuring
instrument: Bánh xe kiểm tra,
bánh xe thứ năm
176
filler
(b) in an articulated vehicle, the
generally circular pad at the rear
of the tractor unit on which the
front end of the trailer is mounted
and which is able to turn when a
corner is being negotiated: Mâm
móc hậu
fifty-fifty power split n. arrangement
in a four-wheel drive transmission
where equal amounts of power
are delivered to the front and rear
wheels: Sự chia đều công suất
(truyền động bốn bánh )
filament n. thin, usually tungsten
wire in a light bulb which
becomes incandescent when
current is passed through it:
Dây tóc bóng đèn
file n. flat or rounded tool with a
rough surface of hardened steel
for removing metal with the aim of
smoothing or shaping it: Cái giũa
l file card brush = brush with angled
wire bristles for cleaning file
threads: Bàn chải sắt dùng làm
sạch giũa
l file handle = handle, now usually
of plastic, which may be attached
to the end of a file: Cán giũa
filler n. (a) paste usually with a
polyester base which, when
mixed with a hardener, forms a
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
fill plug
surface which can be sanded
smooth and is suitable for repairs
to dented or rusted bodywork,
also called filler paste: Bột matit
(b)= primer filler: Chất trám lót
(c) inert material added to paper,
resins, and other substances
to modify their properties and
improve quality; e.g. carbon black
used in tyre production: Chất phụ
gia, chất độn
orifice into which a liquid such as
oil or petrol can be poured: Cái
phễu, lỗ châm (xăng, dầu)
l filler cap = closure which covers a
filler orifice: Nắp bình xăng
l filler neck = funnel-shaped part
with the filler orifice at its top end:
Cổ phễu
l filling n. repairing of holes or
dents in bodywork with filler paste
or body lead: Trám kín
l filling station n. place where
petrol, diesel, oil and other
supplies for motorists are sold.
In US English, it is gas station. :
Trạm xăng dầu, cây xăng
fill plug n. small screw-in plug in
the steering box or similar, which
is removed for topping up with oil:
Nút châm dầu
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
final drive
fill up v. to refill the fuel tank: Sự
đổ đầy
film n. thin layer or coating: Lớp
màng mỏng (sơn)
filter n. device for removing dirt or
suspended particles in a liquid or
in the air: Bộ lọc
l filter cartridge or element =
replaceable porous part of some
oil and most air filters, made of
paper, felt or fine wire mesh: Ruột
bộ lọc, lõi lọc
l filter screen = piece of wire mesh
in a pipe used to collect dirt and
foreign matter: Tấm chắn bộ lọc
l filter wrench = oil filter wrench:
Khoá vặn lọc dầu
filtration n. removal of dirt or
suspended particles from a liquid
or the air with the aid of a filter:
Sự lọc, cách lọc
fin n. projecting thin flat part,
such as the cooling fins on an
air-cooled cylinder, or the large
vertical member at the rear
of some streamlined record-
breaking cars, intended to aid
directional stability: Cánh tản
nhiệt, cánh trao đổi nhiệt
final drive n. assembly of gears in
the back axle of rear-wheel drive
vehicles and in the front axle
177
fine
of front-wheel drive vehicles,
comprising essentially the
differential and crown wheel and
pinion, which reduce the speed
of rotation and also change its
direction: Truyền động cuối cùng
l final drive ratio = ratio between the
rotational speed of the propeller
shaft or drive shaft and that of
the driven road wheel, the gear
reduction being determined by
dividing the number of teeth on
the crown wheel or ring gear by
the number of teeth on the drive
pinion: Tỉ số truyền động cuối cùng
fine a. (a) made of very small
particles: Làm từ hạt nhỏ mịn
(b) (of a thread) having many
grooves and ridges close
together: Mịn, nhuyễn
finger n. narrow projecting part,
often acting as a lever and
pivoting at one end or in the
middle and pressing on another
part: Vấu ngàm
l finger-tight a. tightened only
with the fingers, without using a
spanner: Vặn tay
finish n. general appearance or
condition of a surface, either
painted or unpainted: Bề mặt sơn
l finish coat = top coat: Lớp sơn
cuối cùng
178
fire
l finish hammer = hammer used
for detail work in shaping a panel
after it has been brought roughly
into the right shape: Búa làm
đồng
l finish restorer = slightly abrasive
polish which cuts back and
restores the colour and lustre of
dull and oxidized finishes: Đánh
bóng
finishing enamel or paint = paint for
the top coat of a painting system:
Lớp sơn cuối cùng
finite-element analysis or FE
analysis n. reduction of a complex
structure to its basic component
parts so that these can be studied
in a computer, especially in a CAD
(computer-aided design) process:
Sự phân tích theo phương pháp
phần tử hữu hạn
finning n. arrangement of fins
on a surface to aid cooling by
improving the heat transfer
rate, typical found on air-cooled
engines: Bố trí cánh tản nhiệt
fire v. (a) to start to run: Khởi động
(b) to ignite (the mixture): Cháy, bốc
cháy
l fire applicance n. = fire engine:
Xe cứu hỏa
l fireball combustion chamber n.
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
firing
combustion chamber design
developed by the Swiss engineer
May and introduced on Jaguar’s
V-12 engine in 1981: Buồng cháy
dạng cầu
l fire engine n. vehicle equipped for
fire-fighting with ladders, pumps,
hoses, etc.: Xe cứu hỏa
l fire extinguisher n. cylinder
which can spray powder , foam or
a liquid onto a fire to put it out:
Máy chữa lửa, bình cứu hỏa
l firewall n. = bulkhead: Vách ngăn
firing n. process of igniting the mixture
in the combustion chamber: Sự
đánh lửa, sự đốt cháy
l firing end = part of the sparking
plug extending into the combustion
chamber: Đầu điện cực bu-gi
l firing order = sequence of igniting
the air/ fuel mixture in the cylinders
of a multi-cylinder engine: Thứ tự
đánh lửa
l firing stroke = power stroke: Thì
sinh công
First-aid kit n. box containing
bandages, antiseptic ointment
and other basic medical
requirements for treating injuries:
Hộp sơ cấp cứu
l first (gear) n. lowest gear
available in the gearbox, which
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
five-cylinder engine
in fact gives the highest ratio of
engine speed to road speed, and
consequently the highest torque
at the driven wheels, and so is
used for starting and climbing
very steep hills: Số 1, số chậm
nhất và mạnh nhất.
fit 1 n. way in which two parts come
together, with varying degrees
of tightness: Sự lắp ráp, sự gắn
vừa, sự thích hợp.
l clearance or sliding fit = parts
assembled so that there is
clearance between them or so
that one can slide in the other: Độ
hở phù hợp.
2 v. to fix or put into place: Lắp
vào, ăn khớp.
l fittings n. small ancillary parts for
a particular system such as fuel
lines: Các chi tiết nhỏ.
five-cylinder engine n. engine with
five cylinders, a rate configuration
because of the problems of
balance: Động cơ năm xi-lanh
l five-door a. body design typical of
estate cars and most hatchbacks,
with four side doors and a tailgate:
Xe năm cửa
l five-link rear suspension n.
independent rear suspension
layout also used on live rear
179
fixed-caliper disc brake
axles, in which each wheel is
guided by two trailing links, two
transverse links and a common
track rod: Hệ thống treo sau năm
thanh nối
l five-speed gearbox or
transmission n. gearbox with
five forward speeds, the highest
of which usually functions more
as an overdrive for high-speed
cruising: Hộp số năm tốc độ
l five-valve head n. cylinder
head with five valves per cylinder,
usually three inlet valves and two
exhaust valves: Nắp quy lát với
năm xú-páp
fixed-caliper disc brake n. disc
brake with a caliper which cannot
move, the caliper consisting
of two halves which are bolted
together and contain at least one
cylinder and piston each: Bộ kẹp
phanh đĩa cố định
l fixed-cam brake n. drum brake in
which the cam is rigidly mounted in
the backplate: Cam phanh cố định
l fixed-choke carburettor n.
carburettor in which the size of
the venturi or choke tube is fixed,
synonymous in practice with
fixed-jet carburettor: Bộ chế hòa
khí có họng khuếch tán không
thay đổi
180
flame front
l fixed contact n. stationary point
in a contact breaker: Vít đe
l fixed head n. non-removable
cylinder head, cast in one piece
with the cylinder block; found
in early internal combustion
engines: Nắp quy lát cố định
(dính liền với lốc máy)
l fixed-jet carburettor n. most
common type of carburettor, in
which the jets and the choke are
of a fixed size, which is opposite
to variable-jet carburettor: Bộ chế
hòa khí với lỗ tia không đổi
flag down v. to stop (a vehicle) with
a hand signal in an emergency:
Vẫy tay dừng xe
flagship model n. prestige model,
the top model of a manufacturer’s
range: Kiểu xe hàng đầu, kiểu xe
hạng nhất
flake (off) v. to come or peel off in
thin pieces (flakes): Bong tróc ra
từng lớp mỏng
l flaking n. tendency of a paint film
to lift away from the underlying
surface: Sự bong tróc (bề mặt
tiếp xúc)
flame front n. edge of the
combustion flame spreading from
the sparking plug, which should
move in a controlled pattern
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
flange
across the cylinder, rather than
simply exploding immediately:
Màng lửa
l flame glow plug n. glow plug that
preheats the intake air by burning
a small quantity of precisely
metered fuel: Bu-gi xông máy đốt
dầu để hâm nóng khí nạp
l flame trap n. device consisting
of a valve or similar, preventing
the escape of ignited blowback
gases, usually located in the
hose or pipe leading from the
crankcase to the inlet tract: Van
chống khí cháy
flange n. flat outside edge or rim
of a part, by which it is often
attached to another part: Mép
niềng, vành bánh xe
l flange bolt = bolt with a flanged
head: Bu-lông đầu có gờ
l flange joint = coupling between
two shafts formed of two disc-
shaped flanges on the ends of
the shafts which are bolted to one
another: Khớp nối vòng khuyết
l flange-type puller = puller with
legs that fit behind a flange on a
hub or similar: Cảo nhiều chân
flanged a. with flanges: Có gờ, có
bích, có mép
l flanged head = bolt head under
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
flashback
which is a flange: Đầu bu-lông có
mặt bích
l flanger n. tool for making a
flange: Máy gấp mép
l panel flanger see joggler: Thiết bị
tạo vấu
flank n. (a) side of a screw thread,
rising from the bottom of the
groove to the top of the ridge:
Phía bên hông ren vít
(b) one of the two flat parts of the
face of a cam: Mặt bên hông cam
flap n. flat piece of material attached
along one side, often by a hinge
and thus forming a small door for
shutting off an aperture: Cái nắp
vuông
l flaring tool n. tool used to spread
or form flares on pipe or tubing
ends, for example, when servicing
brake, fuel and cooling systems on
vehicles: Dụng cụ loe ống
flash v. (a) to use one’s direction
indicator: Làm nhấp nháy
(b) to switch one’s headlights on
and off quickly: Chớp pha
flashback n. = blowback: Nổ dội
l flasher n. flashing direction
indicator: Cục chớp
l flasher unit = electronic switch
181
flat
apparatus controlling the
operation of the direction
indicators, including their rate
of flash; self-cancelling when
the steering wheel is returned to
the straight-ahead position: Cục
chớp điện tử
l flashover n. HT current which
short-circuits over the exterior
portion of the sparking plug
insulator: Sự rò điện cao áp qua
lớp sứ cách điện (bu-gi)
l flash point n. lowest temperature
at which vapours from a volatile
fuel will ignite momentarily on the
application of a small flame under
specified conditions: Nhiệt độ
cháy thấp nhất
l flash time n. time required for
most of the solvent to escape
from a freshly applied paint coat:
Thời gian khô sơn
flat 1 a. (a) completely discharged,
so that it cannot turn the engine
and the lights are at best very
dim: Hết điện
(b) completely deflated, especially
as the result of a puncture or a
leaky valve: Lốp xì hơi, lốp xẹp
l flat file n. tapered file cut on all
faces and with rectangular cross
section, for shaping metal: Cái
182
for an instant
giũa bằng (dạng tiết diện chữ
nhật)
l flat hump n. raised and flattened
portion on the bead seat of some
wheel rims which retains the
beads of an insufficiently inflated
tyre on the bead seat, thereby
preventing the tyre beads from
jumping into the rim well: Gờ nổi
bằng trên niềng xe
l flat-nose(d) pliers n. most
common type of pliers in which
the ends of the jaws are cut off
short: Kìm mỏ bằng
flat pente n. raised portion on the
bead seat of some wheel rims
which retains the tyre beads of an
insufficiently inflated tyre on the
bead seat, thereby preventing the
beads from jumping into the rim
well: Gờ nổi bằng trên niềng xe
flat seat n. seat of a sparking plug
which is sealed by means of a
gasket: Bu-gi đế bằng (có lông
đền)
l flat spot n. (a) point during
acceleration at which the engine
hesitates and stops accelerating
for an instant: Điểm giật khi tăng tốc
(động cơ)
(b) flattened area on a tyre (especially
a racing tyre), usually caused by
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
flaw
a locking brake: Vết mòn phẳng
(vỏ xe)
l flat tappet n. tappet with a flat
contact surface towards the cam
lobe: Con đội thuỷ lực có mặt tiếp
xúc phẳng với cam
l flat-tip screwdriver n. = flatbladed
screwdriver: Tuốc nơ vít dẹp
l flat-top (ped) piston n. piston
with a crown which is flat and not
domed: Pít-tông đầu bằng
l flat washer n. plain washer (as
opposed to a locking or spring
washer): Long đền dẹp, vòng
đệm dẹp
flaw n. = defect: Vết nứt, vết rạn
fleet n. all the vehicles owned by
a company or other organization:
Đoàn xe, đội xe (của một cơ
quan)
l fleet car = car belonging to a
company fleet, typically one
driven by a sales representative
which has done a high mileage:
Xe cơ quan
flex arm suspension n. rear axle
design with torsionally flexible
axle beam in line with the rear
wheels and trailing links: Hệ
thống treo sau liên kết mềm
flexibility n. (a) elasticity of a
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
flexible
material: Tính dẻo của vật chất
(b) ability of an engine to go down to
low speeds in a high gear and pull
away smoothly without changing
down, which is governed mainly
by its torque characteristics: Khả
năng chạy tốc độ thấp ở tay số
cao
flexible a. (a) able to bend without
breaking: Mềm, dễ uốn
l flexible brake pipe = pipe
connecting the wheel cylinder
to the rest of the system, which
has to flex to allow for the up and
down movement of the wheel:
Ống dẫn mềm dầu phanh
(b) able to go down to low speeds
in a high gear and pull away
smoothly: Khả năng chạy tốc độ
thấp ở tay số cao
l flexible coupling n. simple
shaft coupling used where only
small angles of misalignment
between the two shafts occur,
as in a steering column, the
drive being transmitted either by
tension-stressed fabric discs or
pressurized rubber blocks: Khớp
nối mềm
l flexible drive n. drive consisting of
a cable in an outer sheath, used
for mainly light applications such
as speedometers, rev counters
183
flexural
and windscreen wipers: Sự
truyền động bằng dây cáp mềm
l flexible (drive) handle n. drive-
handle with pivoting head for use
with sockets, its length giving
good leverage and its ability to
bend giving access to difficult
locations: Cần siết mềm
flexural a. referring to bending:
Uốn khúc, cong
l flexural shock = sharp shock
when bending, which can break
plastics: Cú va chạm mạnh
flexure n. bending: Chỗ uốn cong
flip-top filler cap n. quick-release
filler cap, as fitted to some sports
and racing cars: Nắp bình xăng
loại bật lên
flitch plate n. reinforcing plate
for chassis members or wheel
arches: Tấm gia cố thân xe
float n. hollow metal or plastic
body that floats on a liquid and
operates a valve or a rheostat,
as in a carburettor, where it is
used to maintain the correct
fuel level, or in a fuel for the fuel
gauge: Cái phao
l float chamber or US float bowl
= circular reservoir for petrol
forming part of a carburettor,
in which a float maintains the
184
floor
desired level by rising as the level
of the fuel rises and closing the
needle valve in the float chamber
cover to shut off the supply: Bình
giữ mực, buồng phao
l float needle = needle in the needle
valve which rises with the float
and shuts off the fuel supply when
it reaches its seat: Kim phao
l floating a. free to move (within
prescribed limits): Di chuyển tự
do (trong giới hạn)
l floating-caliper disc brake = disc
brake with a single piston, in
which the caliper itself can move
to bring both pads into contact
with the disc: Bộ kẹp phanh đĩa
di động
l floating piston = secondary piston:
Pít-tông số hai (trong xi-lanh
phanh chính)
flood v. to allow too much fuel
to enter (the carburettor, the
engine): Ngộp xăng
flooded engine = engine in which
too much fuel has been drawn
into the cylinders during
attempted starting so that
ignition is no longer possible:
Động cơ bị ngộp xăng
floor n. flat base panel of a vehicle:
Sàn xe
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
flow
l floor (gear) change = gear change
with the gear lever mounted on
the floor: Cần sang số đặt trên
sàn xe
l floor mat = additional loose
rubber or carpeting mat on the
car floor. In US English, it is floor
shift: Thảm lót sàn
l floorpan n. generally synonymous
with floor, but can mean the whole
platform on which the body is built
up: Sàn xe
flow n. passing of liquid or current
through something, also the
amount conveyed: Dòng, luồng,
lưu lượng
l flow control = regulation of the
amount of fluid passing through a
pump, especially important under
changing operating conditions: Sự
điều khiển lưu lượng
l flow detachment = deviation
of the gas flow into the cylinder
from its ideal path, thus losing its
stability, caused by swirl and/ or
improper combustion chamber
design etc.: Sự làm lệch hướng
dòng chảy
flow rate = amount of liquid conveyed
by a pump per unit of time: Tốc
độ dòng chảy, lưu lượng bơm
l flowmeter n. meter indicating
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
flush
the amount of liquid passing
through, used for instance to
supply information to a fuel
consumption indicator: Lưu
lượng kế, lưu tốc kế
fluid n. substance which flows, e.g.
a liquid or a gas: Chất lỏng.
l fluid capacities = amounts of oil,
water and fuel required to fill the
sump, gearbox, axle, radiator,
fuel tank, etc: Dung tích bình
chứa (xăng, dầu hộp số)
l fluid clutch or fluid coupling =
hydraulically acting coupling by
which power can be transmitted,
used as an automatic clutch
with a driving and a driven rotor
revolving in oil which acts as the
transmission medium: Ly hợp
thủy lực, khớp nối thủy lực
l fluid flywheel = kind of fluid
coupling in which the flywheel is
the driving rotor: Bánh đà dẫn
động bằng thủy lực
l fluid level warning indicator =
warning light on the instrument
panel which comes on when
the level of hydraulic fluid in the
braking system is too low: Đèn
chỉ báo mực dầu thắng
flush a. level with the surrounding
surface: Ngang bằng, bằng
phẳng
185
flux
l flush-mounted speaker = from the engine power strokes
speaker mounted in a cutout
in the interior trim so that it
does not project out, which is
opposite to surface-mounted
speaker: Loa được lắp chìm
2 v. to clean out (the engine, gearbox,
radiator, etc.) by running a special
liquid through it: Làm sạch bằng
cách phun chất lỏng
l flushing oil = thin oil for cleaning
out the sump, oil ways, etc: Dầu
làm sạch
flux n. chemical used in soldering
and welding to prevent oxidizing:
Chất cho vào khi hàn để chống
oxi hoá
flylead n. short lead with a terminal
at the end fitted to a component
as supplied: Đầu nối
l fly nut n. = wing nut: Đai ốc có
cánh (ốc bướm)
l flyweight n. weight such as
that in a centrifugal advance
mechanism which is thrown
outwards by centrifugal force
as speed increases: Quả văng,
trọng lượng ly tâm
l flywheel n. heavy metal wheel
that is attached to the crankshaft
and rotates with it, helping to
smooth out the power surges
186
Foettinger coupling
and serving as a mounting for the
clutch: Bánh đa
l flywheel generator = small
alternator of the rotating magnet
type attached to one end of the
crankshaft and spinning with it,
acting as an additional flywheel;
now only used in mopeds or
scooters: Vô lăng từ gắn trên xe
máy
l flywheel magneto = magneto
mounted in the flywheel of a
small engine, often a two-stroke:
Vô lăng từ
l flywheel ring gear = starter ring
gear: Vòng răng bánh đà
l flywheel turner = special tool
used for hand cranking of the
engine while working on clutches,
gearbox, etc. or doing jobs that
require the crankshaft to be in
a specific position; consists of a
handle and lever to hook into the
starter ring teeth: Dụng cụ quay
bánh đà
FM = Frequency Modulation: Sóng
FM ( radio)
foaming n. formation of bubbles in
the oil of a gearbox, back axle or
shock absorber, etc: Sự tạo bọt,
sự nổi bọt (của dầu)
Foettinger coupling n. torque-
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
 fog lamp
converting fluid coupling
Foettinger: Khớp nối kiểu Foetting
fog lamp n. (a) (mounted at the
front) lamp giving a wide low beam
which penetrates fog, rain, etc.
and illuminates the sides of the
road: Đèn sương mù phía trước.
(b) (mounted at the rear) red light
of the same intensity as a brake
light: Đèn sương mù sau.
folding rear seats n. rear seats in
a hatchback or estate car which
fold forwards into the footwells to
give a more or less flat loading
area: Ghế xếp phía sau
l folding top n. soft top of a
convertible which can be folded
away: Mui xếp
follow-up spark n. secondary
spark occurring when a spark
is extinguished and reignited in
the course of the spark duration,
especially if the mixture is turbulent:
Tia lửa phụ (tiếp theo tia lửa chính)
foot brake n. main braking system
operated by the foot pedal:
Phanh chân
l foot pedal = pedal on the floor in
front of the driver, especially the
brake pedal: Bàn đạp
l footprint n. = contact patch: Vết
tiếp xúc
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
forced circulation
l foot-pound (force) n. unit of
work or energy in the old fps
system equal to the force needle to
move one pound through one foot:
Đơn vị tính công của một lực để di
chuyển một pound suốt một foot.
l foot pump n. tyre pump operated
by the foot: Cái bơm bánh xe đạp
chân
l footwell n. recess in the floor
below the feet of the rear seat
occupants, but may also be used
for the space used by the feet of
people in the front of seats: Chỗ
để chân
force n. any push or pull exerted on
an object, measured in newtons
(N) in the SI (international system
of units), although usage of
the superseded units based on
feet, pounds and ounces is still
frequent: Lực, sức
forced circulation n. cooling system
in which a pump is used to
circulate the coolant: Sự tuần
hoàn cưỡng bức, chuyển động
cưỡng bức (làm mát)
l forced downshift n. kick-down
l forced-feed lubrication n.
lubrication system as used in
all modern four-stroke engines,
in which an engine-drive pump
forces the oil through external
187
forced-induction system
pipes, to the main areas of stress
in the engine: Sự bôi trơn cưỡng
bức (nhờ bơm nhớt)
forced-induction system n. system
in which either a conventional
supercharger or a turbocharger,
or even a combination of both, is
used to increase intake pressure
and force the mixture into the
cylinders: Hệ thống nạp cưỡng
bức (tăng áp)
force fit n. = press fit
Ford n. the second largest car
manufacturer in the world (after
GM): Hãng xe Ford
l Ford-type lug or terminal =
special type of battery connection
consisting of a flat lug with nut
and bolt between the battery
cables and terminal posts: Đầu
cực ắc quy kiểu Ford
fore and aft adjustment n. ability
to move, for example, a seat
forwards and backwards: Khả
năng điều chỉnh chạy tới hoặc lui
(ghế) điều chỉnh tới trước và sau
forge v. to shape (metal) when
hot by hammering or similar
mechanical action: Rèn kim loại
l forging n. piece of forged metal:
mẫu kim loại đã rèn
forked a. with one end in the shape
188
foul
of a Y: Cái nĩa, cái chĩa, hình chạc
l forked con rod = special split con
rod to take two pistons for uniflow-
scavenging two-stroke engines
with two pistons per cylinder:
Thanh truyền hình chữ Y
l forked rocker (arm) = rocker arm
operating two valves with its
forked end: Cò mổ xú-páp hình
chạc, hình chữ Y
l fork-lift truck n. smal vehicle used for
loading in factories, warehouses,
docks, etc., with two arms at the
front projecting forwards which
fit into pallets and can be raised
lowered: Xe nâng hàng
former n. shaped wooden block for
use in panel beating, on which a
desired shape is produced by
hammering: Cái đe gỗ (làm đồng
xe)
formula n. detailed specification,
e.g. for a particular class of motor
racing: Công thức, thể thức
l Formula 1 = formula according to
which racing cars are built for the
major Grand Prix races counting
for the World Championship: Xe
đua thể thức một
Fottinger coupling see foettinger
foul v. (a) to clog or cover (a
sparking plug) with deposits:
Đóng muội than (bu-gi)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
four-cycle
(b) to get in the way of obstruct
(another part): Bị tắc nghẽn, cản
four-cycle a. four-stroke: Bốn kỳ
l four-cylinder engine n. typical
engine type used in most
small to medium-size cars and
commercial vehicles, and in some
large and powerful motorcycles:
Động cơ bốn xi-lanh
l four-door a. having two doors on
each side, the typical layout for
family saloons and exective cars:
Loại xe hơi bốn cửa
l four-link rear suspension n.
independent rear suspension
layout, also used on live rear
axle, in which each wheel is
guided by two control arms, one
mounted longitudinally, the other
mounted transversely or almost
transversely, thus providing
lateral location for the axle: Hệ
thống treo sau với bốn thanh nối
l four-spark ignition coil n. ignition
coil with two primary windings
and one secondary winding: Bô-
bin với hai cuộn sơ và một cuộn
thứ với đi-ốt cao áp để đánh lửa
bốn bu-gi
l four-speed gearbox or
transmission n. gearbox with
four forward speeds: Hộp số bốn
tốc độ.
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
four-wheel drive
l four-stroke or (US) four-cycle
a. operating in accordance with
the four-stroke cycle: Bốn thì,
bốn kỳ
l four-stroke cycle = operating
principle of most spark ignition
and diesel engines, the four
strokes which complete the cycle
being: induction, compression,
power, and exhaust stroke: Chu
trình động cơ bốn kỳ
l fourth (gear) n. the highest gear
in a four-speed gearbox, and the
second highest one in a five-
speed gearbox: Số bốn
l four-valve a. (engine or cylinder
head) with two inlet and two
exhaust valves per cylinder and
any number of cylinders: Bốn
xú-páp
l four-wheel drift n. cornering
technique used in motor racing
in which the car takes the corner
in an intentionally induced
sideways slide: Trượt bốn bánh
khi quay vòng
l four-wheel drive (4WD or FWD)
n. layout in which all four wheels
are driven, giving better traction
on slippery surfaces such as
mud or grass, making it ideal for
off-road vehicles and also giving
better adhesion and handling for
189
FPS
road use: Xe bốn bánh chủ động,
xe hai cầu chủ động
l four-wheel drive with constant or
fixed power distribution = layout
in which the amount of power
delivered to the front and rear
wheels respectively cannot be
varied: Bốn bánh chủ động với
sự phân phối công suất không đổi
l four-wheel steering n. steering
system which steers the rear as
well as the front wheels: Hệ thống
lái bốn bánh
FPS or fps (short for) foot-pound-
second
frame n. structure which is open
in the centre, especially a general
term referring to the underbody
backbone of the car, both for
unitary or separate chassis
designs: Khung xe
l frame damage = type of damage
to the body that involves damage
to the structural members of
the car, usually resulting from
accident impact: Sự hư hỏng
khung xe (do đụng)
l frame gauge = measuring
instrument for determining car
body misalignment: Thiết bị đo độ
lệch khung xe
l frameless a. having no frame:
Không có khung
190
freewheel
l frameless construction = unitary
construction: Cấu trúc không
khung, không giàn, cấu trúc đơn
nhất
l frameless window = window in an
opening door which is not entirely
surrounded by a frame: Cửa kính
không khung
l frame member n. any box-
section member which forms part
of the structural components of
the vehicle chassis: Thanh nối
khung xe
l frame structure n. all structural
parts of the car which contribute
to the rigidity of the body, both
for unitary designs and for cars
with a separate chassis: Kết cấu
khung xe
franchised dealer n. = authorized
dealer: Đại lý ủy quyền mua bán
freeway n. American type of
multiple-lane motorway without
toll charges, with over-passes or
underpasses at all intersections
and with fully controlled access
for intersecting roads, and a
speed limit of typically 60 mph:
Đường cao tốc, xa lộ
l freewheel(ing) hub n. type of
hub fitted to the front axle of
some four-wheel drive vehicles,
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
frenching
in which the drive to the front
wheels can be disconnected
when the front axle is not being
driven: Loại trục bánh xe trong
truyền động bốn bánh cho phép
không truyền động đến cầu trước
frenching n. shaping the surrounds
of headlights, tail lights, number
plate frames, etc. into a smooth
contour when customizing, so
that the actual lights, etc. recede
a little towards the interior of the
panel aperture and the chrome
bezel or other surround looks as
though it is part of the body panel:
Đường viền, đường bao
Freon-12 (R-12) n. refrigerant
used in air conditioners: Môi chất
làm lạnh R-12
frequency n. in relation to a radio
station, number of cycles per
second expressed in hertz at
which it broadcasts: Tần số
frequency modulation (FM) = system
of broad-casting using VHF: Sóng
FM (radio)
frequency range = bandwidth: Độ
rộng băng tần, dãi đài (radio)
frequency scan button = button
which, when pressed, causes the
tuner to scan the frequencies of
the preset waveband for stations
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
friction
with sufficient signal strength: Nút
rà, quét tần số để dò đài
l frequency valve n. valve fitted
in the fuel distributor of some
vehicles with a continuous
injection system and catalytic
converter, which continually
adjusts the air/fuel ratio to
varying engine operating
conditions, being controlled by
a voltage signal supplied by the
oxygen sensor and by an ECM:
Van điều chỉnh tỷ lệ hoà khí (phun
K)
fretting corrosion n. corrosion
occurring where two surfaces are
in contact and friction results, e.g.
at mechanical joints in vibrating
structures: Sự ăn mòn do tiếp xúc
friction n. force which opposes the
relative motion of two bodies: Sự
ma sát
l frictional a. caused by the friction
between moving parts: Do ma sát
l friction bearing n. = plain bearing
l friction clutch n. conventional
clutch transmitting drive by
mechanical friction, as opposed
to a fluid coupling: Ly hợp ma sát
l friction damper n. = friction
shock absorber: Bộ giảm xóc
kiểu ma sát
191
frogeye
l friction horsepower (FHP) n.
power consumed by frictional
losses: Công suất tiêu hao do
ma sát
l friction lining n. wear-resistant
friction material used for clutch
and brake linings: Lớp bố
l friction losses n. loss of power
due to friction between the
moving parts of the engine: Tổn
hao công suất do ma sát
l friction pad n. = brake pad: Bố
phanh
l friction plate n. driven plate of a
clutch to which the friction lining
is attached: Đĩa ma sát
l friction shock absorber n. shock
absorber in which friction discs
are inserted at the point where
the two arms are joined, now no
longer used in car suspensions:
Bộ giảm xóc kiểu ma sát
l friction welding n. welding
process in which two surfaces
are heated by means of friction;
when melting has occurred at the
interface, pressure is maintained
to consolidate the weld during
cooling of the material: Kỹ thuật
hàn ma sát
frogeye n. (informal) nickname for
the Series 1 Austin-Healey Sprite
192
front
produced from 1858-1962, which
had the headlamps projecting
above the bonnet line: Xe có đèn
đầu kiểu mắt ếch
front n. (a) front seats of a car:
Phía trước
(b) = front end
l frontal crash or impact n. = front-
end impact: Sự va chạm phần
đầu xe
l front apron n. panel behind and
below the front bumper, joining
the bottom ends of the front
wings: Tấm chắn phía trước
l front axle n. axle to which the
front wheels are attached: Cầu
trước
l front-axle/ rear-axle split = dual-
circuit braking system in which
one circuit brakes the front axle
only, the other circuit brakes the
rear axle only: Phanh được phân
chia hai mạch cho cầu trước và
cầu sau
l front-axle and rear-axle split =
dual-circuit braking system in
which each circuit brakes both
the front axle and the rear axle:
Sự phân chia mạch dầu cho cả
hai cầu (phanh)
l front bumper n. bumper
protecting the front of the vehicle,
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
front differential
combined in modern cars with
a front spoiler or air dam: Thanh
cản phía trước
l front differential n. differential
in the front axle of a four-wheel
drive vehicle: Bộ vi sai phía trước
(4WD)
l front disc/ rear drum brakes n.
typical brake system layout in
less expensive cars: Loại phanh
trống bánh sau, phanh đĩa bánh
trước
l front end n. body area
incorporating the leading edge
of the wings, the head-lights,
radiator grille and bumper, i.e. the
full area that makes up the frontal
appearance of the car: Đầu xe
l front-end impact = impact as the
result of a head-on collision: Sự
va chạm phần đầu xe
l front engine n. engine located
at the front of a vehicle above
the front suspension, the most
common layout, which may be
combined with either rear-wheel
or front-wheel drive: Động cơ đặt
phía trước
l front nose section n. front section
of car bodies that use one single
structure to make up the front end,
i.e. including the radiator grille
surround, both wings, front apron,
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
front spoiler
etc.: Phần phía trước đầu xe
l front panel n. panel joining
the front wings and forming a
mounting for the headlamps,
grille and air ducts into the engine
compartment, which is often
identical with the front apron
where no separate apron is fitted
below the front panel: Phần
khung trước đầu xe
l front pillar n. = A-pillar: Cột trụ
nghiêng phía trước của khung
cửa trước
l front pipe n. first section of the
exhaust system from the exhaust
manifold to the silencer Ống giảm
âm phía trước
l front seat n. seat in the front of
the passenger cabin for the front
seat passenger: Ghế trước
lthe front seats = the front
passenger’s and driver’s seats:
Ghế trước
l front silencer n. first and main
silencer in an exhaust system
where there are two: Bộ giảm âm
phía trước
l front spoiler n. air deflector on
the front of a car, aerodynamically
designed to cut the wind
resistance around the car, for
improving handling control,
stability, traction, and better fuel
193
front suspension fuel cut-off switch

economy: Tấm điều chỉnh độ tích năng (phun K)

ngẩng phía trước
fuel additive n. preparation added
l front suspension n. assembly of to fuel to improve its properties:
linkages and springs supporting Chất phụ gia thêm vào trong
the front wheels: Hệ thống treo nhiên liệu
phía trước
l fuel cap n. cap on the top of the
l front-wheel drive (FWD) n.
tube leading to the fuel tank: Nắp
configuration in which the drive is
bình nhiên liệu
taken from the engine to the front
wheels, which propel the vehicle: l fuel charge n. air/ fuel mixture
Xe cầu trước chủ động delivered to the combustion

FSH = full service history chamber: Sự nạp hòa khí

FTP = Federal Test Procedure: Quy l fuel computer n. = fuel

trình kiểm tra xe liên bang consumption indicator: Đồng hồ
báo mức tiêu hao nhiên liệu
FTP test cycle = method of testing
automotive emissions for l fuel consumption n. amount
compliance with emission of fuel used, expressed in miles
standards by simulating typical per gallon in Britain and the
driving conditions – which differs USA, whereas the international
from other test cycles such as the measure is litres per 100
European ECE test, so that the kilometres. In US English, it is
results cannot be compared: Chu
fuel mileage: Lượng nhiên liệu
kỳ kiểm tra xe cấp liên bang
tiêu hao
fuel n. substance burned as a
l fuel consumption indicator =
source of heat of power, that
instrument using a flowmeter
used in an engine being a liquid
to indicate mpg at any given
or a gas: Nhiên liệu
moment on a journey: Đồng hồ
fuel accumulator n. device in the
báo mức tiêu hao nhiên liệu
K-Jetronic fuel injection system
which serves to absorb the initial l fuel cut-off switch n. = fuel pump
pressure surge when a fuel pump (shut-off) switch: Công tắc cắt
starts: Bộ tích lũy nhiên liệu, bộ nhiên liệu

194 Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô

fuel-injected engine
l fuel distributor n. device
constituting the mixture control
unit together with the airflow
sensor: Bộ phân phối nhiên liệu,
bộ chia xăng (kiểu k)
l fuel economy n. = fuel consumption:
tính kinh tế nhiên liệu
l fuel filler flap n. usually locking
flap which has to be opened to
gain access to the fuel cap: Nắp
khóa chỗ đổ xăng
l fuel filler neck = upper end of the
fuel filler tube leading down to the
fuel tank, which accepts the fuel
hose nozzle at the filling station:
Cổ ống đổ nhiên liệu (từ cây
xăng)
l fuel filler tube = tube leading
down to the fuel tank: Ống dẫn
nhiên liệu xuống thùng
l fuel filter n. filter in the fuel line
intended to prevent any dirt from
passing into the carburettor or
injection system: Lọc nhiên liệu
l fuel gauge n. instrument which
shows the amount of fuel in the
fuel tank: Đồng hồ mực xăng
fuel-injected engine n. petrol engine
with a fuel injection system rather
than a carburettor or carburettors:
Động cơ phun xăng
l fuel injection (FI) n. system used
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
fuel line
in all diesel engines and most
modern petrol engines, in which
fuel is sprayed under pressure
into the engine, and not sucked
as with a carburettor: Sự phun
nhiên liệu
l fuel injection engine = petrol
engine with a fuel injection
system: Động cơ phun xăng
l fuel injection pump = pump which
receives fuel from the fuel tank
(often through the fuel-feed pump
in the case of diesel engines) and
delivers it under pressure to the
injectors: Bơm cao áp
l fuel injector n. injector in a fuel
injection system which sprays
petrol into the inlet ports, or diesel
either directly into the combustion
chamber or into a pre-chamber:
Kim phun
fuel line n. metal, plastic or
rubber pipe conveying fuel from
the fuel tank to the fuel pump
and carburettor or fuel injectors:
Đường ống dẫn nhiên liệu
l fuel mileage n. fuel consumption
l fuel pressure n. pressure
under which fuel is delivered to
the injectors by the fuel pump,
governed by the pressure
regulator: Áp suất nhiên liệu
195
fuel pump
l fuel pump n. electrical or
mechanical device in the fuel
system which draws fuel from
the fuel tank and delivers it to
the carburettor or fuel injection
system: Bơm nhiên liệu
fuel pump (shut-off) switch = switch
which shuts off the electric fuel
pump and fuel to the engine in
the even of a major collision:
Công tắc ngắt bơm nhiên liệu (khi
tai nạn)
l fuel rail n. manifold tube feeding
the injectors in a fuel injection
system: Đường ống dẫn nhiên
liệu đến kim phun
l fuel return line n. pipe returning
surplus fuel to the tank from the
carburettor (s) or an injector:
Đường ống hồi nhiên liệu về
thùng
l fuel starvation n. failure of the
fuel system to supply sufficient
fuel to allow the engine to run
properly, due to a blockage or
vapour lock or malfunction of the
fuel pump: Sự thiếu nhiên liệu
l fuel supply n. delivery of fuel
to the carburettor or injection
system: Sự cung cấp nhiên liệu,
sự tiếp vận nhiên liệu
l fuel system n. system that
delivers the fuel and air to the
196
full bore
engine cylinders, comprising the
fuel tank and lines, fuel pump,
carburettor or fuel injection
system, and inlet manifold: Hệ
thống nhiên liệu
l fuel tank n. reservoir from which
fuel is taken for the engine: Bình,
thùng nhiên liệu
fuel tank sender = level sensor in the
fuel tank, providing information
to the fuel gauge: Cảm biến mực
nhiên liệu
fuel vapour n. (a) atomized air/
fuel mixture heated in the engine,
ready for combustion: Hòa khí
với nhiên liệu đã bốc hơi
fumes given off by a fuel: Bốc hơi
nhiên liệu
l fuel vapour recirculation system
= evaporative emission control
system: Hệ thống kiểm soát ô
nhiễm do hơi xăng
fulcrum n. point on which a part
pivots, especially a lever: Điểm
tựa chốt quay, trục bản lề
l fulcrum pin = pin which acts as a
pivot, such as a kingpin: Trục quay
full bore n. = full throttle: Bướm ga
mở hoàn toàn
l full-flow filter n. filter through
which all the oil in the engine
passes: Bầu lọc dầu
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
full load
l full load n. engine operating
conditions where the accelerator
is fully depressed, i.e. the throttle
is fully open, which does not
necessarily mean high engine
speed: Đầy tải (đạp ga lớn)
l full load enrichment = provision of
a richer mixture when the throttle
is fully opened: Sự làm giàu hỗn
hợp khi đầy tải
l full lock: Góc quẹo (bánh xe) lớn
nhất
l full service history (FSH) n.
documents which show all the
work carried out on a vehicle,
especially the regular services
required by the manufacturer: Sổ
bảo dưỡng xe
l full-size car n. largest type of
car according to American car
categories: Loại xe cỡ lớn nhất
l full throttle n. fully open position
of the throttle. In US English, it is
wide open throttle: Cánh bướm
ga mở hoàn toàn
l at full throttle = with the throttle
fully open: Với bướm ga mở hoàn
toàn
l to be going full throttle or full bore
= to be going as fast as one
can, with the accelerator fully
depressed: Đạp hết ga
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
functional
l full throttle enrichment = full load
enrichment: Sự làm giàu hoà khí
khi đầy tải
l full-time four-wheel drive n. =
permanent four-wheel drive
FEI = Full Electronic Ignition n.
distributorless, mapped ignition
system with cylinder-selective
knock control, dwell-angle
control, and digital idling speed
stabilization: Sự điều khiển đánh
lửa hoàn toàn bằng điện tử
l fully floating axle n. live rear
axle assembly in which the
axle shafts, the total vehicle
weight and cornering loads
being transferred directly from
the wheel bearings to the axle
housing: Bán trục chịu tải hoàn
toàn, cầu xe treo hoàn toàn
l fully galvanized body n. body shell
which, apart from aluminium and
plastic parts, is produced entirely
of double-sided galvanized steel
and galvanizing fluid: Thân xe
được mạ kẽm hoàn toàn
fumes n. evil-smelling vapours given
off by a liquid or a gas, which may
be poisonous: Khí có mùi
functional a. (a) capable of working:
Có thể hoạt động
(b) practical, designed not for
decoration but solely with a
197
funnel
particular use in mind: Thiết thực,
hữu dụng
funnel n. cup-shaped object tapering
at the bottom to a small hole and
a spout, used for pouring oil,
fuel or water into relatively small
openings: Cái phễu
fuse 1 n. device containing a thin
piece of wire which melts when
the current is excessive and
thus opens the electrical circuit
in which it is placed, to protect
equipment in the circuit: Cầu chì
2 v. (a) to melt, and (sometimes)
198
FWD
become united in the process:
Tan ra, chảy ra
(b) (of electrical equipment) to fail
as the result of a fuse blowing:
Không hoạt động do đứt cầu chì
l fuse box n. unit with a removable
cover that holds the fuses for
the various electrical circuits,
which are all routed through it:
Hộp cầu chì
FWD = Front-Wheel Drive Or Four-
Wheel Drive: Xe cầu trước chủ
động hoặc xe hai cầu chủ động
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
g galvannealing
Gg
g (symbol for) acceleration of free
fall due to gravity: Gia tốc trọng
trường.
gage n. In US English, it is gauge:
Máy đo, sự đo đạc
gaiter n. boot (b): Vỏ chụp, vỏ chắn bụi
GAL = gallon
galfan: trademark for a special type
of hot-dip galvanized steel sheet
with a coating consisting of a zinc
alloy containing 5% Aluminium
and rare earths: Tên thương mại
của một loại thép tráng hợp kim
kẽm nhôm
Gallon n. unit of capacity: gallon -
Đơn vị đo dung tích.
1 British gallon is equal to 4.546
litres. 1 US gallon is equal to
3.785 litres.
galvanic a. concerned with an
electrical current: Liên quan đến
dòng điện
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
l galvanic cell = cell which converts
chemical energy into electrical
energy by irreversible chemical
reactions: Pin điện
l galvanic corrosion = corrosion
due to the action of a galvanic:
Sự ăn mòn điện hóa
galvanize v. to plate with zinc by hot
dipping or electrodeposition (to
protect from rust): Mạ kẽm
l galvanized coating = zinc (based)
coating applied by galvanizing:
Lớp kẽm mạ
l galvanizing n. application of
zinc coatings on the surface
of a metal, by hot dipping or
electrodeposition: Sự mạ
l galvanizing bath = bath for
hot-dip galvanizing or electro-
galvanizing: Bồn mạ
galvannealing n. thermal process
which gives improved adhesion to
199
gamma layer
hot-dip galvanized steel sheets:
Quá trình nung trước khi mạ để
tăng độ bám
gamma layer n. part of the zinc-iron
alloy layer on hot-dip galvanized
iron and steel containing 21-28%
iron: Lớp mạ gamma (Zn-Fe)
gantry n. structure with an overhead
beam, used for lifting out an
engine: Cần trục nhấc động cơ
(ra khỏi xe)
gap n. space between two parts,
especially between electric
points: Khe hở, độ hở
l gap bridging = formation of carbon
or other deposits across the
sparking plug gap which shortens
the plug: Sự đóng chấu bu-gi
l gap style = the arrangement of
electrodes in a parking plug: Các
kiểu bố trí điện cực bu-gi
l gapper n. feeler gauge: Cỡ lá
garage 1 n. (a) building in which
to keep a motor vehicle (b)
premises on which motor vehicle
are repaired or serviced and/ or
where fuel is sold: Garage, nhà
để ô tô
2 v. to keep in a garage: Giữ ô tô
trong garage
l garaged a. kept in a garage.
200
gaseous
In advertisements, it is often
abbreviated to gar’d: Giữ trong
garage
l garage jack n. powerful hydraulic
jack used in garages: Cầu nâng
thủy lực dùng trong garage
garter spring n. long, thin coil spring
with ends joined to form a ring:
Lò xo tròn (trong bạc nhớt)
gas n. (a) state of matter, like air,
which has no definite shape or
volume: Trạng thái khí
(b) gasoline: khí đốt, xăng
l step on the gas = put your foot
down on the accelerator, i.e. go
faster: Tăng ga
l gas chamber n. pressure chamber
of a single-tube shock absorber:
Buồng áp suất của giảm xóc một
ống
l gas damper n. gas shock
absorber: Bộ giảm chấn khí
gas discharge headlight n. motor
vehicle headlight with a gas
discharge lamp: Đèn đầu loại nén
khí
l gas discharge lamp = discharge
lamp in which light is generated
by gas discharge: Bóng đèn sáng
nhờ phóng khí
gaseous a. referring to gas: Thể khí
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
gas guzzler
l gaseous discharge headlight or
lamp = gas discharge headlight or
lamp: Đèn đầu hoặc bóng đèn khí
l gas flow n. flow of the air /fuel
mixture or the exhaust gases in
an engine: Dòng khí (hòa khí
hoặc khí thải)
gas guzzler n. car that uses a lot of
petrol: Xe hao xăng
gasket n. seal: Đệm kín, roong
l gasket punch = tool used to cut
holes in gaskets and other soft
materials: Cái đột lỗ roong
l gasket scraper = scraper with a
chisel edge for scraping surfaces
clean before installing new
gaskets such as water-pump,
cylinder head, crankcase or
timing chain cover gaskets: Dụng
cụ cạo roong
gasohol n. a gasoline/ alcohol blend
containing 10% ethanol and 90%
unleaded petrol: Hỗn hợp xăng
và cồn
gasoline n. US = petrol: Xăng
gas pedal n. US = accelerator: Bàn
đạp ga
gas prop n. gas-assisted strut (e.g.
of hatch, tailgate): Trụ chống trợ
lực khí (cửa đuôi, ca-pô)
gas pump n. US = petrol pump
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
gauge
gas shock (absorber) n. gas-assisted
shock absorber: Bộ giảm chấn khí.
gas spring n. pressurized, nitrogen-
filled sphere, used in Hydragas
and hydropneumatic suspension
systems: Lò xo (đệm) khí (hệ
thống treo)
gassing n. the formation of explosive
gas in the form of small bubbles
in a battery when charging
continues after the battery has
been completely charge: Sự sủi
bọt khí trong accu báo nạp no
gas station n. US = FILLING
STATION, PETROL STATION:
Trạm (cây) xăng
gas-tight n. sealed to prevent the
passage of gas: Sự làm kín để
chống rò khí
gas welding n. welding process
widely used in body repair shops
(now being gradually replaced
by MIG welding), also called oxy-
acetylene welding. Kỹ thuật hàn
gió đá, hàn hơi
gate n. slotted plate in the shape of
an H, controlling the movements
of a gear lever in a sliding mesh
geaxbox (pre-1930s): Tấm dẫn
hướng cần sang số
gauge or US gage n. (a) tool for
checking whether clearances
201
GAWR
between parts, or the shape and
dimensions of pieces being
worked comply with specified
tolerance requirements: Dụng
cụ đo
(b) instrument for measuring a
quantity; typical gauge are fuel
level, coolant temperature,
and oil pressure gauges on an
instrument, and oil pressure
gauges on an instrument panel
and oil pressure gauges to
measure the pressure of air in a
tyre: Đồng hồ đo
(c) the thickness or diameter of
various materials such as wire
or sheet metal: Bề dày hoặc
đường kính
GAWR = Gross Axle Weight Rating:
Mức tổng tải trọng trục xe
G-clamp n. screw-activated clamping
device in the shape of a G: Cái
kẹp hình chữ G
gear n. (a) toothed wheel connecting
with another wheel of different
diameter to change the power
ratio of the engine: Bánh răng
l gears = arrangement of gear-
wheel working together: Bộ
bánh răng
(b) one of the combination of
gear; (a) in a gearbox that a driver
202
gear level
selects to impart motion to a car:
Hộp số
l gearbox n. metal casing for the
gear (a) assembly. In US English,
it is gearcase or transmission:
Hộp số
l gearbox input shaft = shaft which
transmits power from the clutch to
the gearbox: Đầu trục vào hộp số
l gearbox output shaft = shaft
which transmits the drive out of
the gearbox: Đầu trục ra hộp số
l gearcase n. gearbox: Hộp số
l gearchange n. process of changing
gears. In US English, it is shifting:
Sự sang số.
l gearchange cables = cables that in
rare cases operate the gearbox;
normally a system of rods and
joints (linkages) are used: Dây
cáp sang số
l gearchange linkage or mechanism
= systems of rods and joints used
to operate the gearbox: Cơ cấu
sang số
l gear knob n. knob at the end of a
gear lever: Nút bấm sang số (trên
cần số)
l gear level or gearstick = stick used
by the driver to change to gear in
a manual gearbox. In US English,
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
gear pump
it is gearshift, shifter, shift lever:
Cần số
l gear oil n. motor oil used in gear
boxes and final drives; usually of
higher viscosity than engine oil:
Dầu hộp số
l gear puller n. puller with two or
more jaws and pressure screw for
pulling off gears, bearing, pulleys,
etc.: Cảo tháo bánh răng, puli
gear pump or gear-type oil pump n.
simplest oil pump with two-gear
wheels: Bơm bánh răng
gear range n. choice of gears in an
automatic gearbox; the typical gear
ranges are: P-Park, R-Reverse, N-
Neutral, D-Drive, L-Low: Dãy số,
tay số (hộp số tự động)
gear ratio n. the number of
revolutions of driving gear
required to turn a driven gear
through one complete revolution:
Tỉ số truyền bánh răng
gear selector n. lever that selects
the gear in an automatic gearbox:
Cần số trong hộp số tự động
gear selector indicator = indicator
positioned in the instrument
cluster or on the centre console
shift gate indicating which gear
has been selected in an automatic
gearbox: Đèn báo số
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
General Motor
l gearshift n. gearchange: Sự
sang số
l gearstick n = gear lever: Cần số
l gear tooth n. indentation on the
edge of a gearwheel: Răng bánh
răng
l gear train n. system of gears that
transmits drive from one shaft
to another: Sự truyền động bánh răng
l gear-type oil pump n. = gear pump:
Bơm bánh răng
l gearwheel n. =gear: Bánh răng
gel 1 n. substance like a jelly: Gel,
chất sệt
2 v. to become a gel: Trở nên sệt
l gelling drier n. drier for PVC
sealants: Máy làm khô nhựa trám
Gemmer steering n. = cam-and roller
steering: Hệ thống lái Gemmer
(cam và bi đũa)
general corrosion n. in contrast to
pitting, a type of corrosion which
affects the entire surface of a
metal: Sự ăn mòn toàn bộ bề mặt
General Motor (GM) n. American
vehicle manufacturer ; the largest
in the world. British subsidiary is
Vauxhall and the other European
subsidiary is Opel: Công ty sản
xuất ô tô GM của Mỹ
203
general purpose lacquer thinner
general purpose lacquer thinner n. a
type of thinner that may be used
for both lacquers and synthetic
enamels without causing lifting or
other paint faults: Chất pha sơn
đa năng
general purpose pliers n. any kind of
typical multi-purpose pliers: Kìm
đa năng
generate v. to produce: Phát ra, đưa
ra, sản sinh
l generator n. (a) any type of
automotive electric power
generator, such as an alternator
or dynamo: Máy phát
(b) dynamo
geometry n. design, layout or
arrangement of parts: Sơ đồ bố
trí girder spanner n. adjustable
spanner with jaws at right angles
to the handle: Mỏ lếch răng
GL (short for) Grand Luxe, meaning
more luxurious than a standard
model. Chữ viết tắt biểu thị kiểu
xe sang hơn xe tiêu chuẩn.
gland n. seal that stops fluid under
pressure leaking past a rotating
or reciprocating shaft or rod: Nắp
đệm, miếng đệm, vòng đệm kín,
phốt (đầu trục)
l glandless a. without a seal: Không
có đệm
204
Glass Reinforced Plastic
l glare 1 n. strong, bright light (e.g.
from oncoming traffic): Ánh sáng
chói từ xe đối diện
2 v. to shine too brightly; to dazzle:
Làm chói mắt
l glass n. window pane: Kính cửa
l glass area = the window surface
area of a vehicle body; may also
refer to the whole area of the
body above the waist line: Vùng
kính, diện tích kính
l glass channel = window channel:
Rãnh đặt kính
l glass fibre n. a very thin glass
thread, used loosely or in woven
form as an acoustic, electrical, or
thermal insulating in laminated
plastics: Sợi thủy tinh
l glass holder n. tool with suction
cup(s) to hold and carry glass:
Dụng cụ giữ kính bằng chén chân
không
l glasspaper n. abrasive paper
coated with particles of glass,
used for smoothing and polishing:
Giấy nhám mịn
l Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP)
n. the basic material for the
manufacture of fibreglass body
shells and panels; it is made up of
several layers of fibreglass mat or
cloth and various types of resins:
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
Glass’s Guide
Nhựa được gia cố thủy tinh
Glass’s Guide n. monthly publication
of second-hand car prices: Nguyệt
san quảng cáo in giá xe cũ
glass seal n. a conducting seal in
the middle of some sparking plug
insulators connecting the top
and bottom parts of the central
electrode: Đệm ở giữa điện cực
trung tâm bu-gi
l glass tampering detector n. part
of a vehicle alarm system that
detects glass being struck or
broken: Cảm biến báo vỡ kính
(hệ thống báo động)
glaze n. smooth, polished surface:
Sự nhẵn bóng
l glaze breaker = cylinder hone:
Đá mài xi-lanh
glazing n. glass fitted (or to be fitted)
in a window: Sự lắp kính (cửa)
l glazing strip = moulded rubber
strip for mounting windscreens
and other fixed glass: Roong kính
gloss n. shine on a surface; lustre:
Nước bóng , nước láng
glove compartment or (US) glovebox
n. small compartment in the
dashboard for sundry objects: Hộp
đựng đồ, ngăn chứa găng tay
glow v. to burn without flames: Xông,
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
GM
hâm nóng (không có ngọn lửa)
l glow coil n. filament in a glow
plug: Dây tóc của bougie xông.
l glow pencil n. pencil-like heating
element of a sheathed-type glow
plug: Đầu bu-gi xông dạng bút chì
glow plug n. the most important
component in a preheating
system of a diesel engine, used
to preheat the intake air or the
combustion chamber when the
engine is cold, also called heater
plug: Bu-gi xông máy
l glow plug indicator = monitoring
element in a preheater system,
which changes the colour of its
filament in line with the plug and
indicating readiness for starting:
Đèn báo xông máy
l glow plug / starter switch =
key switch for turning on the
preheating system of a diesel
engine and starting the car: Công
tắc xông máy
glow time n. preheating time of a
diesel engine: Thời gian xông
trước
glow tube n. = glow plug: Bu-gi
xông máy
glycol see ethyleneglycol
GM = General Motors: Công ty ô tô
GM của Mỹ
205
go dull
go dull or flat v. to lose (the) shine:
Làm mờ, làm đục
goggles n.protective spectacles
against dust and glare: Kính bảo
hộ.
gold plating n. electrolytic deposition
of gold: Sự mạ vàng.
go off v. to begin to harden, the
initial phase of the hardening
process of plastic body fillers. In
US English, it is kick: Bắt đầu
cứng (bột matit)
goose neck map light n. flexible-
stemmed map lamp: Đèn đọc
sách xoay được (cổ ngỗng)
gouge n. a flat, relatively large dent
that has no hard contours so it can
be reshaped by shrinking using
heat or with a hammer and dolly:
Cái đục, cái đục khum (làm đồng)
governor n. (a) engine speed
regulator: Bộ điều tốc (động cơ)
(b) (automatic transmission control)
transmission regulator: Bộ điều
chỉnh hộp số
governor plate n. = contact breaker
plate: Mâm lửa
governor pressure n. (automatic
transmission control) pressure
that varies in accordance with
vehicle speed and acts on
206
gradient
the command valves, where it
opposes the control pressure: Áp
suất làm việc (hộp số)
governor valves n. automatic
transmission control, valve
which converts line pressure
into vehicle-speed dependent
governor pressure: Van ly tâm
governor weight n. centrifugal
advance mechanism, advance
weight: Trọng lượng ly tâm, quả
văng trong delco
grab v. (a) (brake) to come on
suddenly when the brake pedal is
pressed: Phanh đột ngột
(b) (clutch) to take up the drive
suddenly when the clutch pedal is
released, also callde snatch: Bắt
đột ngột (giật) khi nhả ly hợp
l grab handle n. (a) part of a car
door interior used to pull the door
shut: Tay kéo ca-pô bên trong
grade n. degree of sandpaper
coarseness: độ thô của giấy
nhám
gradient n.(i) the slope or inclination
of a road (ii) a measure of this,
expressed as the ratio of height
(or drop) to horizontal distance; a
steep hill might be 1 in 4, whilst
a gradual slope might be 1 in 10:
Dốc, độ dốc
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
graduated tint gravity-feed spray gun

graduated tint n. tinted stripe at the frequency ranges; individual

upper edge of the windscreen: frequencies can be emphasized
Vành roong kính to compensate for specific
acoustic conditions: Nút chỉnh
grain alcohol n. ethanol: Cồn thực vật
tần số âm thanh
grain coarsening or grain growth n.
graphite n. form of carbon used in
roughening of the surface of a
marking brushes for motors and
material: Trở nên xù xì
generators and as a lubricant:
Grand Luxe (GL) n. GL model = Than chì
more luxurious model than a
l graphite grease = heavy-duty
standard: Kiểu sang trọng hơn
grease containing graphite, used
loại tiêu chuẩn
for brake cables, etc.: Mỡ grafit
Grand Prix n. international car race
l graphitic corrosion = selective
from which points are scored
corrosion of grey cast iron,
towards the World Championship:
resulting in preferential removal
Giải đua xe vô địch thế giới
of metallic constituents, leaving
grand touring or gran turismo see gt graphite: Sự ăn mòn gan xám

grand touring –injection see GTI grass (heat) shield n. metal shield
fitted underneath a catalytic
graph n. diagram showing the
converter to reduce the risk of its
relationship between certain
heat starting an accidental grass
numbers or quantities in the form
fire: Tấm chắn nhiệt phía dưới bộ
of a line: Đồ thị, biểu đồ
xúc tác
l graphic display unit n. dash-
gravel gun n. equipment used to
board panel displaying a plan
hurl crushed stone at objects,
of the car with illuminated parts
such as test panels, to test them
representing doors left open,
for chipping resistance: Ống phun
lights switched on, etc.: Biểu
sỏi (để kiểm nghiệm lớp sơn)
tượng xe trên tableau để báo cửa
chưa đóng gravity feed n. a fuel supply layout
formerly used for two-stroke car
l graphic equalizer n. unit in a car engines: Sự cung cấp nhiên liệu
stereo system that adjusts the nhờ trọng lực (hai kỳ)
audio output signal strength
separately for individual gravity-feed spray gun n. type of

Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô 207

grease
spray gun, in which paint flows
downward from a container
situated on top of it, thereby
reducing the amount of
compressed air required: Súng
phun sơn nhờ trọng lực
grease 1 n. thick, viscous lubricant
for machinery made from oil and
metallic soaps: Dầu nhờn, mỡ
l grease gun = hand pump tool
used for lubricating with grease:
Bình bơm mỡ (bóp tay)
l grease nipple = small, one-way
valve used for injecting grease
into a bearing: Núm để bơm mỡ
vào ổ bi
2 v. to lubricate or coat with grease:
Bôi mỡ, bơm mỡ
greenhouse n. glass area: Nhà kính
green stage n. the initial hardening
phase during which the resin or
filler has hardened but has not yet
set solid; this occurs immediately
after the resin or filler has gone off:
giai đoạn đặc lại của matit (sơn)
grid n. in a battery, the metal plate
with holes, used as a conductor
and a support for the active
material: Tấm vỉ (lưới) bản cực
grid-controlled ignition (system)
n. microprocessor-controlled
ignition system with electronic
208
grip blasting
ignition timing by means of an
ignition map stored in the control
unit memory: Hệ thống đánh lửa
được điều khiển bằng vi xử lý
grille n. grating that admits cooling
air to the radiator: Vỉ bộ tản nhiệt
(két nước)
grind v. to smooth or polish by friction
or abrasion: Mài, giũa, rà
l grinding disc n. abrasive disc:
Đĩa mài
l grinding paste = abrasive paste
used for reseating valves: Cát
xoáy (xú-páp)
l grinding wheel = abrasive wheel
used for grinding (usually a
composite of hand particles in a
resin filler): Đá mài (tròn)
l grindstone n. rotating abrasive
disc for rubbing away metal and
for sharpening tools: Đá mài
grip n. adhesion of a tyre to the road
surface; important for roadholding
and safe braking: Độ bám (vỏ xe
với mặt đường)
l grip in the wet = a vehicle’s
roadholding ability in the rain or
on a wet surface: Độ bám trong
điều kiện ẩm ướt
grip wrench n. = locking pliers: Kìm
bấm
grip blasting n. (a) the most popular
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
grit number
sandblasting process; grit is used
to clean the metal surfaces and
is available in various grades for
coarse or finer blasting on thin
steel (b) cleaning the sparking
plug electrodes by bombarding
them with abrasive particles: Làm
sạch bằng phun cát
grit number n. classification of
sandpapers by fineness of the
grit particles: Ký hiệu phân loại
giấy nhám
grommet n. rubber or plastic ring
round a hole in metal (to protect
a cable or pipe): Roong buối dây
(để bảo vệ dây khi đi qua lỗ)
groove n. (a) any machined channel
or hollow (b) the space between
thread ridges: Đường rãnh dài,
rãnh ren
grooved compression ring n. scraper
type piston ring: Bạc, xéc-măng
có rãnh
grooving hammer n. wide-nose peen
hammer: Búa đầu có rãnh
gross axle weight rating (gawr) n.
(US) maximum specified load
capacity of an axle: Tải trọng cực
đại của cầu (trục)
l GVW = Gross Vehicle Weight
n. total weight of a vehicle in any
given circumstance (i.e. with or
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
ground
without passengers, luggage etc.):
Trọng lượng tổng cộng của xe
l gross weight n. = gross vehicle
weight: Trọng lượng tổng cộng
(của xe)
ground n. return path of an electrical
systems, which in a motor vehicle
is provided by the metal body and
chassis. In US English, it is earth:
Dây nối đất, nối mass
l ground clearance n. vertical
distance between level ground
and the lowest fixed item on a
vehicle: Khoảng sáng gầm xe
l ground clearance control =
small level near the handbrake
of cars with hydropneumatic
suspension that allows ground
clearance to be increased for
crossing rough terrain or when
changing a wheel: Sự điểu khiển
khoảng sáng gầm xe
l ground clearance sensor =
instrument that senses the
distance between ground and car
(for self-levelling air suspension):
Cảm biến khoảng sáng gầm xe
l ground contact area n. = contact
patch: Vùng tiếp xúc
l grounding n. touching the ground
(as when a long vehicle goes
over a humpback bridge): Sự
209
growler
chạm đất (khi qua cầu)
growler n. electromagnetic device
used to find short circuits in coils:
Thiết bị kiểm tra sự chập mạch
trong cuộn dây
grown tyre n. tyre that, with use, has
slightly increased in size: Bánh
xe lớn
GRP n. = Glass Reinforced Plastic
grub screw n. fully threaded,
headless screw: Gu-rông
GT = Grand Touring or Gran Turismo,
indicating better performance than
a standard car model: Ký hiệu kiểu
xe tốt hơn loại tiêu chuẩn
l GTI = Grand Touring-injection: a
GT model with fuel injection: Kiểu
xe GT với hệ thống phun nhiên liệu
gudgeon pin n. pin in a piston which
links the piston to the small end
of the connecting rod. In US
English, it is piston pin, wrist pin:
Chốt, ắc pít-tông
l gudgeon pin boss = the material
below the piston crown (joined to
the skirt) which carries the gudgeon
pin: Vấu lồi tại chốt pít-tông
l gudgeon pin circlip = circlip used
to secure the piston ring laterally in
the piston: Vòng phe chốt pít-tông
Guibo coupling n. doughnut-shaped
210
GV
type of flexible coupling Guibo:
Khớp nối mềm
guillotine n. bench tool for cutting
sheet metal: Máy cắt tấm kim loại
gull-wing door n. roof-hinged door
that opens upwards; first used
on the Mercedes-Benz 300 SL in
the early 1950s: Cửa mở đứng
gulp valve n. vacuum-controlled
valve that admits fresh air
to the inlet manifold during
deceleration to prevent backfiring
in the exhaust system; its
vacuum signal is governed by a
themovalve and a solenoid valve
to ensure that the gulp valve
action does not interfere with cold
start enrichment: Van chân không
điều khiển nạp khí
gum deposit n. sticky deposit that
occurs if petrol remains unused in
the tank for a period of time; the
use of detergent in petrol helps
prevent it: Sự bám dính của cặn
trong thùng xăng khi để lâu
gun v. (informal) to press the
accelerator hard: Đạp ga khó
(cứng)
gutter n. channel at the edge of a
road to carry rain water: Rãnh
nước, máng nước.
GV= Governor Valve
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
H Hall element
Hh
H (a) letter on the sidewall of a tyre
denoting the maximum speed for
which it is designed (210 km/h or
130 mph): Ký tự trên vỏ xe chỉ thị
tốc độ tối đa của xe là 210 km/h
(b) SI symbol for Henry: Đơn vị đo
độ tự cảm
hacksaw n. handsaw for cutting
metal, with a narrow blade
attached to a frame: Cái cưa sắt
(cưa bằng tay)
hairline crack n. tiny stress crack
which forms due to strains in the
material or extreme temperature
differences; as opposed to
crazing, a single crack of this type
will often occur alone: Vết rạn nứt
nhỏ (sơn)
half-round body file n. body file with
domed file surface for working
reversecrowned panels: Giũa
thân hình bán nguyệt
half-shaft n. shaft between the
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
differential and the drive wheel:
Bán trục
Hall effect n. in electrical conductors
where electric current flows
perpendicular to a magnetic
field, a so-called Hall voltage is
produced perpendicular to the
direction of current flow and to
the magnetic field: Hiệu ứng Hall
Hall-effect ignition system =
transistorized ignition with Hall
generator: Hệ thống đánh lửa
dùng cảm biến Hall
Hall-effect sensor = Hall generator:
Cảm biến Hall
Hall-effect switch = Hall vane switch:
Công tắc hiệu ứng Hall
Hall element or Hall generator n.
pulse generator that makes use
of the Hall effect and consists of
a rotor with vanes, a conductive
element with a permanent
magnet and the Hall IC: Phần tử
211
Hall IC
Hall, bộ phát xung kiểu Hall
Hall IC n. solid state device with
the actual Hall generator and
integrated circuits for voltage
amplification and potential
reversal, producing the pulses for
the control unit: Mạch tích hợp
với cảm biến Hall
l Hall module n. = Hall IC: Mạch
tích hợp hiệu ứng Hall
l Hall sensor n. = Hall generator:
Cảm biến Hall
Hall vane switch n. ‘switch’ that
makes use of the Hall effect:
Cảm biến Hall loại cánh chắn
Hall voltage: Hiệu điện thế Hall
halogen n. one of the chemical
elements fluorine, chlorine,
bromine, iodine, or astatine: Các
nguyên tố hóa học dãy halogen.
l halogen bulb = bulb containing
a trace of a halogen, such as
iodine: Bóng đèn halogen
l halogen headlight = high intensity
reflector with inner halogen bulb,
precision lens, and 3-prong
attachment: Đèn đầu dùng bóng
halogen
Hamlin switch n. a suspended mass
type sensor used in new air bag
systems; avoids the ecological
roblems associated with the
212
handbook
earlier mercury type switches:
Loại cảm biến gia tốc trong hệ
thống điều khiển gối hơi thay thế
loại cảm biến dùng thuỷ ngân
hammer 1 n. hand tool with a metal
head on a handle, used for
beating metal and driving in nail:
Cái búa
l hammer drill n. electric hand drill
that hammers as well as rotates.:
Máy khoan đá
l hammerform n. shaped wooden
block used in panel beating, on
which a desired form is produced
by hammering: Đe gỗ làm đồng
l hammer welding n. metalworking
technique that includes gas
welding, preferable without the
use of filler rod, followed by
hammer and dolly work on the
welded joint to smooth out any
remaining imperfections: Làm
đồng (xe)
handbook n. book which gives
instructions or information: Sổ
tay, tài liệu hướng dẫn
l handbrake n. brake operated by
a hand lever: Phanh tay
l handbrake turn = 180o turn
achieved by applying the
handbrake (acting on the rear
wheels) hard when the vehicle
is starting to turn: Quay xe 180o
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
handbrake warning light
bằng cách vừa tăng tốc vừa kéo
mạnh phanh tay
l handbrake warning light =
light that illuminates when the
handbrake is applied; on most
new cars it has been superseded
by a multifunction brake warning
light: Đèn báo phanh tay
l handcrafted n. (US) built by hand:
Thủ công, làm bằng tay
l hand drill n. power driven, hole-
boring tool: Máy khoan cầm tay
l handed a. made to fit on a
specific side: Làm cho vừa khít
l hand file n. flat file for shaping
metal, with a rectangular cross
section, constant blade width and
one smooth edge: Giũa tay
l handle v. (a) (of a vehicle) to react
under any given circumstances
but especially referring to
cornering, roadholding and
manoeuvring: Điều khiển (xe)
(b) to deal with or to cope with: Đối
phó, giải quyết.
l handling (properties) = the way
a vehicle reacts to the actions of
the driver (usually with regard to
steering): Cách phản ứng lại của
xe (ứng xử) với động tác của tài
xế (lái)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
hard anodizing
l hands-free a. Không cần dùng tay
l hands-free car phone = voice
operated telephone using
microphone and loudspeaker,
leaving hands free to drive: Điện
thoại trên xe (dùng micro và loa)
l handshaker n. In informal US
English, it means passenger car
with a manual gearbox: Xe hộp
số thường (cơ).
hanger n. (a) flexible ring or strap to
hold a pipe, e.g. an exhaust pipe:
Vòng treo (ống xả)
(b) mounting bracket, e.g. a spring
hanger for a leaf spring: Giá treo
hangover n. a modification of custom
cars with separate chassis,
e.g. pickups, which raises the
floorpan and lowers the body, to
give the impression that the body
has been pulled down over the
chassis right down to street level:
Biến cải xe với khung độc lập
hard anodic coating n. hard, wear-
resistant, oxide layer produced in
an anodic oxidation process: Lớp
oxít cứng và chống mòn phủ ngoài
trong quá trình oxit hoá a-nốt
hard anodizing = special type
of anodizing adapted to the
production of thick, hard, abrasion
resistant films: Phương pháp làm
213
harden
cứng và chống mòn sản phẩm
bằng cách oxít hóa a-nốt
l hardboard n. boardlike building
material made of compressed
wood chip fibres and sawdust:
Ván gỗ ép.
l hard chromium plating n.
electrolytic deposition of a hard,
wear resistant, chromium layer:
Mạ crôm
harden v. to set or to cure: Tôi (thép)
l hardener n. substance added (as
to a paint or varnish) to harden
the film: Phụ gia cho vào sơn để
lớp sơn cứng
l hardening n. process of a paint
becoming hard: Quá trình cứng
sơn
hardness n. the quality or condition
of being hard: Độ cứng
hard rubber n. = ebonite: Nhựa
cứng cách điện ebonit
l hard-sided caravan n. caravan
with foldable, hard wall panels:
Xe lưu động có vách cố định
l hard stop n. hard braking,
but not necessarily with locked
wheels: Bó phanh
l hardtop n. (a) rigid, (sometimes
detachable) car roof: Mui cố định,
mui cứng
214
harness
l hard trim n. instrument panel
mouldings, centre consoles and
similar plastic trim: Viền tableau
Hardy disc n. a disc-style flexible
coupling: Đĩa nối mềm dạng đĩa
l Hardy-Spicer (universal) joint n.
type of universal joint commonly
used with prop shafts: Khớp nối
các-đăng Hardy-Spicer
harmonic balancer n. formerly, two
gearwheels carrying an unbalanced
weight, mounted in bearings
below the middle main crankshaft
bearing, driven at twice engine
speed and rotating in opposite
directions to counterbalance the
secondary vibrations in a four
cylinder reciprocating engine.: Bô
cân bằng (trong động cơ bốn xi-
lanh, gồm hai bánh răng gắn quả
văng, nằm dưới trục khuỷu và
quay ngược chiều trục khuỷu).
harness n. (a) belt system used with
child seats and in cars, consisting
of two shoulder belts and two lap
belt portions fastened by a central
buckle: Bộ đai an toàn gồm hai
dây đai
a 4-point racing harness = safety
hardness anchored at four points,
worn by some racing drivers: Bộ
đai an toàn dành cho xe đua có
bốn chốt gắn
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
hatchback
(b) = wiring harness: Búi (bó) dây điện
hatch n. (a) = hatchback
(b) = tailgate
hatchback n. basically a saloon or
coupe with a tailgate: Xe ô tô bốn
chỗ, không có khoang hành lý, có
cửa hậu
hazard warning switch or hazard
flasher n. switch that makes all
the direction indicators flash
simultaneously, to indicate that the
car is a hazard (e.g. is stationary
because of breakdown): Công
tắc đèn báo nguy – ưu tiên (chớp
cả bốn đèn rẽ)
HC = hydrocarbons.
HC engine n. high camshaft engine;
the camshaft is located much
higher than the crankshaft, (though
not in the cylinder head), allowing
the use of shorter pushrods, thus
improving the engine’s revving
ability: Động cơ trục cam nằm cao
hơn trục khuỷu rất nhiều cho phép
dùng đũa đẩy ngắn
HDPE = High Density Polyethylene:
Nhựa PE có tỉ trọng cao
head n. (a) the top part of a tool;
the heads designed for use with
interchangeable head torque
wrenches, for example, come in a
variety of shapes, e.g. with open
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
headlamp body
jaw end or ratchet mechanism:
Đầu nối cần siết
(b) term used to express the increase
of energy content in a fluid
pumped, expressed in units of
energy per unit of mass, usually
simply ft (feet): Cột áp (bơm)
(c) = cylinder head: Nắp xi-lanh, nắp
máy, nắp quy lát
header n. (a) part at the top of
another part (b) US = headpipe:
Chụp, đầu ống cổ pô
l header bar or (US) header bow n.
front bar of a hood which attaches
to the top of the windscreen
frame; usually made of sheet steel
shaped to match the top front edge
to the curvature of the windscreen:
Thanh ngang trên kính trước
l header tank n. top radiator tank
in a thermosyphon water cooling
system: Bình nước phụ
head gasket n. = cylinder head
gasket
heading angle n. = yaw angle
headlamp n. main light on the
front of a vehicle: Đèn pha của xe
headlamp body = a sheet metal pot
welded or screwed to the front
wing that provides the housing for
the headlamp and its bulbs and
wiring: Vỏ thân đèn đầu
215
headlamp bucket
headlamp bucket = the headlamp
housing of cars having separate
headlamp not integrated into the
body line, e.g. the Citroen 2 CV
and most prewar cars: Bầu chứa
đèn đặt rời
headlamp cover = rigid or flexible
protection against dirt or stone
damage when lights are not being
used (may be flush with body):
Vỏ che đèn đầu
headlamp mounting panel = sheet
metal panel for rectangular
headlamps that is spotwelded to
the front section of modern cars
where the radiator grille and the
headlamps are mounted adjacent
to each other; provides the
mounting points for the headlamp:
Bảng gá đèn đầu dạng vuông
headlamp visor = attachment
between headlamp rim and lens,
used on some classic cars only:
Tấm kính che đèn (xe đời cũ)
headlamp wash/wipe = system that
cleans headlamps with a jet of
water and a small wiper (blade):
Hệ thống lau đèn (xịt và gạt)
head land n. uppermost piston land,
subject to the highest thermal
load: Đỉnh pít-tông
headlight n. main light on the front
216
headlight on/off delay system
of a vehicle: Đèn pha, đèn trước
đầu xe
headlight beam setting = alignment
of the beam of light from the
headlamps: Sự cân chỉnh đèn
đầu
headlight dipper (switch) = any type of
switch, both stalk or footoperated,
that changes the headlight from
main to dipped beam (and vice
versa), also called dipswitch:
Công tắc chuyển đổi pha - cốt
headlight flasher = by flicking the
direction indicator lever upwards
against a spring pressure, the
headlights flash on and off quickly
: Công tắc nháy đèn pha
headlight levelling = system that
allows the driver to maintain
proper headlight beam position
regardless of vehicle load: Hệ
thống điều chỉnh vị trí đèn pha
headlight levelling control = usually a
vertical thumbwheel that adjusts
the height of the headlight beam:
Sự điều chỉnh độ cao của ánh
sáng đèn pha
headlight on/off delay system =
system with two functions; when
activated, it can turn the headlights
automatically ON during darkness
and OFF during daylight; it can
also keep the headlights ON up to
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
headlight retractor indicator lamp
approximately three minutes after
leaving the parked vehicle; useful
in dark, highrisk area; the system
is controlled by a photovoltaic cell
on the dashboard: Hệ thống tự
động tắt bật đèn pha
headlight retractor indicator lamp =
lamp that illuminates when the
headlight covers are opening or
closing: Đèn chỉ thị sự đóng mở
chụp đèn đầu
headliner n. soft lining of the inside
of a car roof: Tấm cách nhiệt trên
mui
head-on collision or head-on crash
n. the result of two vehicles being
driven straight into one another:
Sự đâm xe chính diện
headpipe or header n. down pipe
connecting the exhaust manifold
to the front of the silencer or to
the connector pipe: Ống nối cổ pô
headrest or head restraint n. height
adjustable head support, fitted
nowadays to both front and rear
seats, to minimize the effects of
whiplash in a collision: Gối tựa
đầu.
headroom n. distance between
the top of a passenger’s head
and the inside of the car roof:
Khoảng cách từ đầu hành khách
đến trần xe
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
heate
head trim n. roof lining: Đường viền
trang trí mui xe
HUD = Headup Display n. driver
information system which
displays key information by
projection into the driver’s visual
field in the windscreen area: Màn
hình phản chiếu trên kính trước
(báo thông tin)
heat cracking n. pattern of small,
irregular cracks (e.g. on brake
discs): Sự nứt do nhiệt
heated rear window n. rear window
fitted with a heating element
that demists inside and deices
outside.: Kính phía sau có xông
l heated tool welding n. welding
process in which the parts to be
welded are pressed against a
heated plate and subsequently
pressed together to produce a
fusion weld: Kỹ thuật hàn nóng
chảy.
l heated windscreen n. windscreen
fitted with a heating element to
facilitate deicing: Kính trước có
xông
heater n. system for heating the
interior of a vehicle: Hệ thống
sưởi
l heater air pipe n. channel
section incorporated into the
side member or other structural
217
heaterplug indicator
sections that is designed to
provide a flow of warm into the
interior of the vehicle, above all
into the footwells (e.g. as used on
the VW Beetle): Ống không khí
nóng để sưởi.
l heater core n. : Lõi giàn sưởi
l heater fan or blower n. electric fan
to boost heating and ventilation:
Quạt giàn sưởi
l heater flange n. heating element
for preheating the intake air in
small diesel engines: Vành nhiệt
xông khí nạp (trong Diesel cỡ nhỏ)
l heater plug n. = glow plug: Bu-gi
xông máy
heaterplug indicator = glow plug
indicator: Đèn báo xông máy.
heat path n. path along which heat
passes from the sparking plug tip
to the water jacket: Đường dẫn
nhiệt từ bougie đến áo nước
l heat range n. measure of ability
of a sparking plug to carry away
heat; dependent on the length
of the insulator nose, electrode
shape and material: Chỉ số nhiệt
của bu-gi
heat-range reserve = the heat range
reserve defines the distance
to the start of preignition under
further increasing thermal
218
heat sink
loading of the sparking plug. This
reserve is expressed in degrees
crankshaft, the amount by which
the factory set ignition timing
can be further advanced without
preignition occuring: Vùng góc
đánh lửa có thể tăng mà không
gây cháy sớm (đối với loại bu-gi
tương ứng)
l heat riser n. flapper in the
exhaust manifold that is closed
when the engine is cold, causing
hot exhaust gases to heat the
inlet manifold, thus providing
better cold engine operation; a
thermostatic spring opens the
flapper when the engine warms
up: Ống xông đường ống nạp
(lấy nhiệt từ đường thải)
l heat shield n. sheet metal
part, usually reflective, often
asbestoslined; protects heat-
sensitive components from heat
radiation of the exhaust system:
Tấm chắn nhiệt (pô)
l heat shrinking n. shrinking dents
in panels using a gas welder to
heat local areas of the dents: Sự
co thân xe khi làm đồng dùng
hàn hơi
l heat sink n. heat removing
component, such as the fins on
an aircooled cylinder: Phần tử
lấy nhiệt
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
heavy
l heat soak n. heat from the
engine warming the carburettor
and other parts of the fuel system
which can cause vapour lock and
may make restarting difficult:
Nhiệt làm bốc hơi xăng
l heat transfer n. transfer of
thermal energy from one material
to another by means of thermal
conduction, convection or radiation;
heat transfer is only possible from
a high to a low temperature level:
Sự truyền nhiệt
heavy a. (a) (cable, sheet metal)
heavy-duty: Nặng, lớn (dây, tấm
kim loại)
(b) (paint) thickly coated: Quá dày
(sơn)
(c) (steering, clutch) having a stiff
operation, e.g. requiring
considerable effort to turn the
steering wheel: Nặng, khó khăn
(lái)
(d) (traffic) of great quantity, which is
opposite to light: Đông, chật ních
(xe cộ)
l HD = Heavy-Duty a. designed
for heavy loads: Dùng cho xe có
tải lớn
l heavy duty diagonal cutting pliers
= diagonal cutting pliers with a
special joint and handle design
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
heel
for extra cutting power: Kìm cắt
cộng lực
heavy-duty end cutting pliers =
end cutting pliers with a special
joint and handle design for extra
cutting power: Kìm cắt cộng lực
l heavy film build n. excessive
thickness of paint coat: Tạo nên
một lớp sơn quá dày
l heavy foot n.: Thẳng chân, đạp
hết
l to drive with a heavy foot = driving
at full throttle, especially at high
speed: Chạy hết ga
l HGV = Heavy Goods Vehicle n.
vehicle capable of carrying heavy
loads and requiring a special
licence to drive: Xe tải nặng
l heavy phosphating n. application
of extremely heavy phosphate
coatings: Phủ lớp phốt phát dày
(sơn)
l heavy yellow boot n = wheel
clamp
heel n. (a) rubbing block on the
contact breaker lever: Gối cam
(đánh lửa vít)
(b) = bead heel: Cái đế
l heel dolly n. dolly in the form of
a heel (of a foot): Cái đe dạng gối
HEGOS = Heated Exhaust Gas
219
HEIS
Oxygen Sensor: Cảm biến oxi
(khí thải) có dây nung
HEIS = High Energy Ignition System:
Hệ thống đánh lửa năng lượng cao
height adjustable steering column n.
steering column whose length or
rake may be adjusted to suit the
individual driver: Trụ vô lăng có
thể điều chỉnh được độ cao
l height corrector or height regulator
n. automatic levelling control
in hydropneumatic suspension
systems: Bộ hiệu chỉnh chiều cao
hệ thống treo thủy khí
helical a. in the shape of a helix:
Xoắn ốc
helical gears = gears with helical
teeth: Bánh răng cong
helical spring lock washer = locking
device for threaded fasteners:
Lông đền cong
helical teeth = curved gear teeth on
the edge of a gear-wheel, cut at
an angle to its axis: Răng cong
helium leak test n. pressure test
using helium: Sự kiểm tra rò rỉ
bằng khí heli
helix n. a spiral, like the thread on
a screw or a coil spring in a
suspension system: Đường
xoắn ốc
helmet connector or helmet lug n.
220
hexagon bit
special type of lug for connecting
a battery with tapered terminal
posts: Đai ốc bắt cọc ắc quy
helper leaf or helper spring n.
auxiliary leaf spring: Nhíp phụ
hemispherical combustion chamber
n. combustion chamber with a
circular, rounded internal shape
to ensure a smooth propagation
of the flame front during the
combustion process: Buồng cháy
có hình bán cầu
Henry n. unit of inductance, equal
to the inductance of a circuit in
which the variation of current
at the rate of one ampere per
second induces an electromotive
force of one volt (H), named after
American physicist, J.Henry,
1797-1878. : Đơn vị đo độ tự cảm
herringbone gear n. = double helical
gear: Bánh răng có răng hình chữ
V
hexagonal a. having six sides: Sáu
cạnh
hexagon(al) bolster or hexagon(al)
collar = tool that allows a
screwdriver to be turned with a
wrench for extra torque to loosen
tight crews: Đầu lục giác nối tuốc
nơ vít với cần siết
hexagon bit or hex bit = bit with six
sides: Mỏ chìa khóa sáu cạnh
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
hexagon bolt
hexagon bolt or hex bolt = bolt with
a six-sided head: Bu-lông lục giác
hexagon key or hex key = key for
hexagon recess screws, 90o
offset at one end: Chìa khóa đầu
lục giác (mở ốc chìm)
HFS (short for) heated front seat,
(often seen in advertisements):
Ghế trước có sưởi
HGV = Heavy Goods Vehicle
hidden or hide away wiper n. wipe
system with a parking position
below normal visibility range: Vị
trí dừng của cần gạt nước
HIF carburettor n. type of SU
carburettor with a horizontal
integral float chamber: Bộ chế
hòa khí với buồng phao nằm
ngang
high beam n. main beam: Đèn pha
l high-build galvanizing n.
galvanizing process in which
extremely heavy zinc coatings
are applied: Mạ với lớp kẽm dày
High-Camshaft Engine n. =: Động
cơ có trục cam nằm cao (HCE)
high carbon steel n. a very hard
steel, as opposed to plain carbon
steel: Thép cao cacbon (cứng)
HDPE = High-Density Polyethylene
n. a very tough, chemically
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
high energy ignition system
resistant thermoplastic, with a
‘soapy’ touch; e.g. used for blow-
moulded parts such as fuel tanks
or other mouldings, such as
bumpers.: Nhựa tổng hợp PE có
tỷ trọng cao
high energy battery n. innovative
battery type developed for
electric cars: Ắc quy năng lượng
cao dùng cho xe điện
l high energy coil n. coil which
generates higher ignition voltage
and/or offers increased spark
efficiency; ballasted: Bô-bin năng
lượng cao
l high energy ignition system n.
ignition systems which provides
more ignition power (higher
voltage at higher amperage)
than normal systems (HEI); a
typical HEI includes an electronic
control unit and magnetic pickup
in combination with mechanical
ignition timing: Hệ thống đánh lửa
năng lượng cao
high energy ignition system with
electronic spark timing = HEIEST,
the HEIEST system consists of
an electronic distributor, with
the ignition coil mounted on the
distributor cap on 6 and 8 cylinder
models or externally on 4 cylinder
models; the ignition timing is
221
high gear
performed electronically by the
electronic control module. (used
on several 1983-88 GM models):
Hệ thống đánh lửa năng lượng
cao với bộ điều chỉnh thời điểm
đánh lửa bằng điện tử
high gear n. fourth or fifth gear,
selectd for cruising, which is
opposite to low gear: Số cao
l high-geared a. (a) when a small
gear wheel is driven by a large
one: Khi răng nhỏ được dẫn động
bằng bánh răng lớn
(b) when car’s transmission system
has higher than usual gearing, to
improve fuel economy: Khi xe có
hộp số nhiều số (lớn hơn 4)
l high gloss n. very shiny, bright
appearance: Độ bóng cao
high leverage diagonal/ end cutting
pliers n. diagonal/end cutting
pliers with special joint and
handle design for extra cutting
power: Kìm cắt cộng lực
high/ low range gearbox n. = dual
range gearbox: Hộp số hai cấp
high-mounted brake light n. third
brake light mounted in the middle
of the rear window or on some
cars integrated in the trailing
edge of the rear deck spoiler:
Đèn phanh thứ ba đặt giữa kính
222
high revs
sau hoặc gắn trên nắp cốp sau
high-performance a. producing
better than average results: Hiệu
suất cao, tính năng tốt
high-performance manifold = a special
exhaust manifold, which is not
made of cast iron as usual, but of
specially designed, curved and
welded steel tubes, to produce a
smooth flow path for the exhaust
gases, avoiding any sharp bends;
less heavy, less sturdy and more
expensive than an ordinary
manifold; usually replaces the
down pipe: Ống góp thải loại tốt
high-pressure a. operating under
a lot of pressure, e.g. braking
systems or diesel fuel injection:
Áp suất cao
high-pressure foaming = process in
which plastics are foamed under
high pressure (> 50 bar), which is
opposite to low-pressure foaming:
Sự tạo bọt do áp suất cao
high-pressure relief valve = located
somewhere on the high side of
the air conditioning system, often
next to the receiver-drier, this
valve protects the system against
excessive pressure: Van giảm áp
high revs n. towards the top end of
the scale of engine revolutions:
Số vòng quay cao cho phép
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
high side
high side n. (of air conditioning
systems) located between the
compressor and expansion
valve or orifice tube; includes the
condenser, which is opposite to
low side: Phần áp suất cao (điều
hoà)
high speed direct injection n.
systems for rapid injection of fuel
into a diesel engine (HSDI): Hệ
thống phun trực tiếp tốc độ cao
HSDI = High Speed Direct Injection
n. systems create rapid injection
of fuel into a diesel engine: Hệ
thống phun trực tiếp tốc độ cao
high spot n. raised area on a panel
surface: Vị trí nhô lên trên thân xe
high tension a. capable of operating
at a relatively high voltage (HT):
Có thể hoạt động ở điện áp cao
HT = High Tension a. capable of
operating at a relatively high
voltage: Có thể hoạt động ở điện
áp cao
hightension circuit = secondary
circuit. It is also called HT circuit:
Mạch điện cao áp (thứ cấp)
HT circuit = the secondary circuit. It
is also called hightension circuit:
Mạch điện cao áp (thứ cấp)
hightension distributor = sometimes
used to designate the distributtor
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
highway code
in electronically controlled ignition
systems, which has no controlling
functions or advance mechanism.
It is also called HT distributor: Bộ
chia điện cao áp
HT distributor = sometimes used
to designate the distributtor in
electronically controlled ignition
systems, which has no controlling
functions or advance mechanism.
It is also called hightension
distributor: Bộ chia điện cao áp
high-tension lead = sparking plug
lead, also caled HT lead: Dây
phin (dây cao áp)
HT lead = sparking plug lead, also
caled hightension lead: Dây phin
(dây cao áp)
hightension winding(s) = secondary
winding: Cuộn dây thứ cấp
high-voltage reserve n. the difference
between the available ignition
voltage and the ignition voltage
required at a given moment: Mức
dự trữ điện áp thứ cấp
highway n. (US) any public road
outside the cities with a foundation
and a hard surface: Đường cao tốc
highway code n. official British code
of conduct for all road users: Luật
giao thông cho tài xế chạy trên
đường cao tốc
223
hillholder
hillholder n. mechanically or electro-
mechanically engaged device for
preventing accidental rearward
movement of a vehicle prior
to driving off; found mainly in
automatic transmissions: Cơ cấu
chống lùi xe trong hộp số tự động
khi lên dốc
hinge bow n. = main bow: Thanh
trục chính
l hinged-caliper disc brake n. old
disc brake design formerly used
on motor bikes; superseded by
slidingcaliper disc brakes: Bộ kẹp
phanh đĩa có bản lề
l hinge facing n. part of the door
frame that includes the bracing
and threaded plate for mounting
the hinge to the door. It is not to
be confused with the hinge panel
that is part of the hinge pillar of
the body shell: Chốt gắn bản lề
cửa
l hinge panel n. sheet metal panel
spotwelded to the A post or rear of
the front wing that accommodates
the hinges for the front door:
Khung giữ cửa trước
l hinge pillar n. vertical structural
element that carries the front
door hinges; the upper end of the
hinge pillar is usually the side of
the windscreen frame. It is also
224
holdback
called A-pillar: Trụ đỡ khung cửa
cửa trước
hinge pillar reinforcement =
vertical section behind the visible
A-pillar: Sự gia cố trụ đỡ
l hinge plate n. reinforcing plate
between the hinge and the door
panel which distributes the forces
acting on the hinge bolts over a
larger area of the panel: Đĩa bản
lề cửa
l hinge post n. = hinge pillar
l hinge tapping plate n. threaded
plate housed in a sheet metal
cage spotwelded to the hinge
pillar or, in some cases, to the
door frame; the door is bolted to
this plate and may be adjusted
within certain limits, as the plate
can be moved about in its sheet
metal cage: Tấm gắn bản lề cửa
hip belt n. lap belt
hitch v. to connect or couple up a
caravan or trailer to a towing
vehicle: Buộc vào, móc vào để
kéo
l hitch ball n. In US English, it is
tow ball: Móc kéo xe
tow ball n. It is also called hitch ball:
Móc kéo xe
holdback n. a markup, e.g 2
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
hold-in coil
percent, that the dealer pays the
manufacture on each new car that
is added to his stock; this amount
is rebated to the dealer after the
car is sold: Tiền đại lý phải ứng
thêm cho nhà sản xuất trên mỗi
đầu xe, sẽ được trả lại sau khi xe
được bán
hold-in coil n. separate relay coil, such
as the hold-in winding in a starter
solenoid, which is energized by
contacts that close when the
relay pulls in, to hold the relay
in its energized position after
the original operating circuit has
been broken. It is also called
holdingcoil: Cuộn giữ trong rơ-
le đề
l holding coil n. part of a relay
designed to hold it in the on-
position. It is also called hold-in
coil: Cuộn giữ
hole cutting snips n. snips with
pointed cutting blades for cutting
holes in sheet metal material:
Kéo cắt lỗ
l hole punch n. pliers used to from
holes along the edge of a repair
panel; the panel can then be
plug-welded to the substructure
at these holes: Cây đột lỗ
l holesaw n. cylindrical shaped
saw for use with power tools,
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
hone
for cutting holes in sheet metal
material, e.g. in car bodies for
installation of aerials: Cưa lỗ
Holographic combiner n. semi-
reflecting layer embedded in
laminated
windscreen glass; used for headup
displays: Lớp phản chiếu trên
kính trước để hiện thông tin
(tableau ảo)
homofocal headlamp n. type of
headlamp with two reflectors, the
inner one being of shorter focal
length than the main one: Đèn
đầu với hai gương phản chiếu
homokinetic joint n. = constant
velocity joint: Khớp đồng tốc
homologation n. official recognition
of a special version of a standard
car as a production model, to
make it eligible for racing: Sự
công nhận mẫu xe dùng để đua
hone 1 n. special tool for use with
an electric drill or air tools to
smooth and polish engine, clutch
or brake cylinders, with a number
of honing stones that adjust to
different cylinder bore diameters
by spring tension: Đá mài, đá
xoáy
2. v. to smooth and polish with a
hone: Mài, xoáy (bằng đá mài)
225
honeycomb
honeycomb n. a pattern of
hexagonal shapes, like bees
cells: Dạng tổ ong
honing n. precision machining
process used to resurface bores
and shafts: Quá trình doa, xoáy
honing stone = tool used for the final
smoothing operation, e.g. when
repairing a cylinder wall: Đá mài,
đá xoáy
hood n. (a) folding roof of a
convertible car (b) In US english,
which is bonnet. : Mui xếp của xe
mui trần.
hood bar or bow = one of at least
four struts that support a hood;
usually made of tubular or sheet
steel: Thanh chống mui xếp
hood stick = old term for hood bar:
Thanh chống mui xếp
hook up v. to connect: Móc vào,
nối vào
horizontal a. lying flat, not upright:
Nằm ngang, đường ngang
l horizontal adjuster n. screw for
adjusting the sideways aim of the
headlight beam: Vít điều chỉnh độ
sáng theo chiều ngang
l horizontal draught carburettor n.
= side draught carburettor: Bộ
chế hòa khí có họng khuếch tán
nằm ngang
226
hose
horizontally opposed engine n.
engine with horizontally opposed
cylinders, set on either side of the
crankshaft: Động cơ có xi-lanh
đặt ngang đối xứng
horn n. instrument on a vehicle
that emits a loud warning noise,
usually by means of a diaphragm
vibrated by an electromagnet:
Còi xe
horn boss or horn button = relatively
large, round pad in the centre of
the steering wheel which sounds
the horn when depressed: Nút
nhấn còi xe
horn button = (i) relatively small
button on the end of the direction
indicator lever which sounds the
horn when depressed (ii) horn
boss: Nút nhấn còi
horsepower n. unit of power, which
is also called h.p. or HP: Sức
ngựa - Đơn vị công suất
horsepower screw n. screw in the
cover of adjustable wastegates
to adjust spring height, which
adjusts boost pressure; screwing
down adds HP but may destroy
the engine: Vít điều chỉnh cửa xả
trong hệ thống tăng áp
hose n. flexible pipe: Ống mềm
l hose clip or hose clamp n.
adjustable steel band (or wire) for
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
hose clip installer
securing rubber hoses to metal
pipes: Cái kẹp ống
hose clip installer = special tool
for the installation of ear-type
clips, used e.g. on some types
of CV joint boots, filters, cooling
systems, and vacuum lines: Dụng
cụ lắp kẹp ống
hose clip pliers = special tool used
to remove and install hose clips:
Kìm tháo lắp kẹp ống
hose pinchoff pliers n.special tool to
pinch off hoses when servicing
the cooling system; pivoting jaws
squeeze hoses shut so there
is no need to drain the system:
Kìm mở ống nước (không cần xả
nước)
Hotchkiss drive n. type of live rear
axle suspension in which leaf
springs absorb the drive torque:
Hệ thống cầu-treo Hotchkiss
hot dip v. to coat metal parts by
immersion in molten metal, such
as tin or zinc: Mạ kim loại bằng
cách nhúng vào kẽm hoặc thiếc
đang nóng chảy
hot-dip aluminizing = deposition
of aluminium coatings by hot
dipping: Phủ nhôm bằng phương
pháp nhúng nóng
hot-dip galvanize = to apply a zinc
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
hot start
coating by hot dipping: Phủ kẽm
bằng phương pháp nhúng nóng
hot gas welding n. welding
process involving the joining
of thermoplastic materials by
softening with a jet of hot air,
then joining them at the softened
points: Hàn nhựa bằng hơi nóng
hot hatch n. high-performance
hatchback: Xe năm cửa loại tốt
l hot rod n. car that has been
radically modified for increased
power: Xe đã được cải biến để
tăng công suất
hot sparking plug n. sparking plug
with a long insulator nose, which
absorbs more heat and dissipates
it slowly, which is opposite to cold
sparking plug: Bu-gi nóng
hot spot n. point of contact below
the carburettor, between the inlet
manifold and exhaust manifold:
Điểm nóng (giữa ống hút và ống
thải).
hot spraying n. spray process in
which paint is preheated in a paint
container so that its viscosity is
reduced and it can be atomized
without being diluted with a
solvent: Phun sơn nóng
hot start n. starting a hot engine may
be difficult if it has been stopped for
227
hot start enrichment
a few minutes; the accumulation
of petrol vapour in the air filter
and inlet manifold, caused by the
rise in engine temperature when
left standing when hot, can be
dissipated by slowly pressing the
accelerator right down and turning
the engine over until it fires. It is
also called hot starting: Khởi động
khi động cơ nóng
hot start enrichment = fuel mixture
enrichment when starting a hot
engine: Sự làm đậm hỗn hợp khi
khởi động nóng
hot-start pulse relay = fuel injection
component which operates the
cold-start valve intermittently to
improve starting when the engine
is hot; installed in the cold-
start valve circuit in some CIS-
equipped engines: Rơ-le điều
khiển kim phun khởi động lạnh
phun gián đoạn khi khởi động
nóng (phun K)
hot wax n. wax-based material used
for hot-wax flooding: Sáp nóng
hot-wax flooding = special cavity-
sealing process developed
by Volkswagen, which uses a
solvent-free wax injected into
the cavities of bodies preheated
to 60oC: Phương pháp bịt lỗ trên
thân xe bằng sáp nóng
228
hub
hot – wire airflow meter n.
constant temperature hotwire
sensing device, used in
electronic fuel injection systems,
which measures the rate of a
mass airflow into the engine by
measuring the current needed
to keep the hot wireat the same
temperature: Cảm biến đo gió
loại dây nhiệt
hot-wire element = element in a
hotwire airflow meter: Dây nhiệt
housing n. general term for
the casing which encloses or
supports bearings, gears, etc.:
Vỏ bọc
HP = horsepower (h.p.): Mã lực,
sức ngựa (Công suất)
HSDI = High Speed Direct Injection :
Phun trực tiếp tốc độ cao
HT = High Tension: Cao áp
HT circuit = secondary circuit: Mạch
thứ cấp.
HT lead = sparking plug lead: Dây
phin, dây cao áp
HT outlet = coil tower: Đầu cắm dây
phin ở bô-bin
hub n. central part of any wheel,
by the wheel is attached to or
rotatable on a shaft or axle: Trục
bánh xe, moay-ơ
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
hub cap
hub cap = a cover over the wheel
hub and bearings (b) = small
metal cap on a front wheel
bearing: Nắp chụp trục bánh xe
hub carrier = a part of the
suspension system which carries
a rear wheel hub on a front-wheel
drive vehicle with independent
rear suspension: Khớp khuyên
trục bánh xe
l hub plate = central element of a
clutch driven plate which carries
the splined hub: Đĩa ly hợp
l hub puller = special tool, of both
jaw and hammer design, used to
remove wheel hubs on vehicles
by a pulling action: Dụng cụ tháo
(cão) moayơ bánh xe.
l hubcentric fit n. spigot mounted
wheel: Chốt bánh xe
l humidity chamber n. test chamber
for simulating tropical and
subtropical conditions: Phòng
tái tạo điều kiện ẩm ướt để thử
nghiệm
hump n. raised portion on the rim
bead seat of passenger car
wheels, retaining the beads of
an insufficiently inflated tubeless
tyre on the bead seats, thereby
preventing the tyre beads from
jumping into the rim well: Cái
bướu niềng
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
hybrid car
hundredweight n. unit of weight
measurement (obsolete), used in
some classic-car manuals (cwt).
NOTE: 1 (GB) cwt = 5080 grams;
1 (US) cwt = 4535 grams: Đơn vị
đo trọng lượng cũ
hunting n. uneven running of an
engine, due to air/fuel mixture
being too rich: Động cơ không ổn
định do giàu xăng
l hunting tooth n. extra, odd
tooth on a gear wheel, designed
to ensure the same teeth so
not always mesh together, thus
reducing wear: Răng lẻ trên bánh
răng để giảm mòn
HVACS = Heating, Ventilation and
Air Conditioning System: Hệ
thống sưởi, thông hơi và điều hòa
nhiệt độ
hybrid car n. car with a hybrid
propulsion system: Xe lai
l hybrid propulsion n. two distinct
but interdependent forms of
propulsion, such asan electric
motor and an internal combustion
engine, or an electric motor with
battery and fuel cells for energy
storage: Động cơ lai
l hybrid technology n. film circuits
combined with integrated circuits,
229
hydragas suspension
used especially for trigger boxes
or electronic control units: Cộng
nghệ vi mạch lai
hydragas suspension n. = Hydro-
pneumatic suspension: Hệ thống
treo thuỷ-khí
hydraulic a. operated by fluid: Bằng
thủy lực
l hydraulic accumulator n. =
accumulator: Bộ tích áp thủy lực
l hydraulic actuators n. hydraulically
operated struts which control the
movement of the wheels in an
active ride suspension system:
Bộ phận thủy lực kiểm soát độ
dịch chuyển của bánh xe
l hydraulic brakes or hydraulic
braking system n. brakes
operated by hydraulic pressure:
Hệ thống phanh dầu
hydraulic brake booster = hydraulic
pressure supplied by the power
steering pump, or a separate
hydraulic pump, which is used
to assists in applying the brakes;
used on cars and on some lorries:
Bộ trợ lực phanh bằng thủy lực
hydraulic control block n. = control
valve assembly: Cụm van điều
khiển thủy lực
l hydraulic fluid n. special oil
used in hydraulic systems,
230
hydraulic tappet
such as power steering, self-
levelling suspension, to operate
the system of master and slave
cylinders: Dầu dùng cho hệ thống
thủy lực
l hydraulic hood n. convertible top
which is raised and lowered by
a hydraulic system; depending
on engineering, a hydraulic
hood can operate fast, silently,
and with tremendous power:
Mui điều khiển bằng thủy lực
(xe mui trần)
l hydraulic modulator n. device
which regulates hydraulic fluid
pressure in an ABS: Bộ chấp
hành thủy lực (phanh ABS)
l hydraulic pressure pump n.
engine driven pump which
supplies oil under pressure to
operate, e.g. power brakes or
power-assisted steering: Bơm
thủy lực (trợ lực lái phanh)
l hydraulic tappet or hydraulic
valve lifter n. small component in
the valve train, usually between
camshaft and valve, or rocker arm
and valve, which maintains zero
valve clearance by automatically
expanding when a clearance
develops; uses the hydraulic
principle that liquids cannot
be compressed and consists
basically of a small check valve,
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
hydraulic suspension
piston and cylinder: Con đội thủy
lực (động cơ)
l hydraulic wedge n. hydraulic jack
with ends designed to reach
behind dented double panels
and to press them back into
shape by the hydraulic action
of the wedge-shaped ends: Cái
kích (con đội) thủy lực để sửa
thân xe (làm đồng)
hydraulic suspension n. = hydro-
pneumatic suspension: Hệ thống
treo thủy khí
hydrocarbon plastics n. plastics
based on resins made by the
polymerization of monomers
composed of carbon and
hydrogen only: Nhựa làm từ
hydrocacbon
l hydrocarbons n. generic term for
chemical compounds composed
only of carbon and hydrogen; one
of the three major pollutants in
the exhaust of SI engines (HC):
Hợp chất hyrocacbon có trong
khí thải xe
hydrodynamic clutch n. = fluid
coupling: Khớp nối thủy lực
l hydrodynamic torque converter
n. = torque converter: Bộ biến mô
thủy lực
hydrogen embrittlement n. process
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
hydropneumatic suspension
which results in a decrease of
the toughness or ductility of
a metal due to absorption of
hydrogen: Sự làm giòn bằng khí
hydro
Hydrolastic suspension n.proprietary
suspension system incorporating a
conical rubber spring compressed
by hydraulic pressure; this
system also provides a hydraulic
interconnection between front
and rear wheels on one side of
the vehicle: Hệ thống treo kết
hợp thuỷ lực và cao su
hydrometer n. instrument used,
the first is to determine the
percentage of charge in each
cell of a car battery by checking
the electrolyte special gravity:
Thiết bị kiểm tra độ phóng điện
của ắc quy thông qua tỷ trọng
dung dịch điện phân. The
second is to test the coolant for
the strength of antifreeze: Kiểm
tra hàm lượng chất chống đông
trong nước làm mát
hydropneumatic suspension n.
suspension system using air or
gas (nitrogen) under pressure as
the primary suspension material,
separated from the actuating
hydraulic fluid by a diaphragm
within a spherical suspension
unit: Hệ thống treo thuỷ-khí
231
hydropulser
hydropulser n. hydraulically operated
system that can excite vibrations
of various frequencies in a car;
serves to find and eliminate noise
sources: Bộ tạo xung thủy lực làm
rung xe để phát hiện tiếng kêu
hydrostatic drive n. = hydro- static
transmission
l hydrostatic steering n. entirely
hydraulic power steering system
without mechanical steering
links: Hệ thống trợ lực lái hoàn
toàn bằng thủy lực không có cơ
cấu cơ khí
l hydrostatic test n. pressure test
using water: Sự kiểm tra áp suất
bằng nước
l hydrostatic transmission n. drive
232
hypoid axle
by means of hydraulic motors,
particularly where the drive is to
each wheel of an off-road vehicle:
Xe chạy bằng mô tơ thủy lực (trên
một số xe địa hình)
hygroscopic n. tending to absorb
moisture: Khuynh hướng hút ẩm
hypoid axle n. driving axle with a
hypoid gear: Cầu xe với bánh vít
l hypoid gear n. type of gear cut
in a spiral form where the axes
of the driving and driven shafts
are at right angles, but not in the
same plane: Bánh răng vít
l hypoid oil n. special lubricant for
hypoid gears: Dầu dùng cho hộp
số bánh răng vít
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
I idle
Ii
i = Injection - indicating that the
engine is fuel-injected injection
(GTi, EFi, 1.6i ): Chỉ động cơ sử
dụng hệ thống phun nhiên liệu
(xăng)
I & C systems: instrumentation and
control systems: Những hệ thống
đo đạc và điều khiển
I-beam n. steel beam which in cross
section has the shape of an I:
Đòn ngang hình chữ I
l I-beam axle = rigid axle: Cầu
(trục) phụ thuộc có dạng hình
chữ I
ICE = In-Car Entertainment: Thiết
bị giải trí trong xe
IC engine n. = Internal Combustion
engine: Động cơ đốt trong
ice scraper n. small plastic implement
for scraping frost and ice away
from windscreens and windows:
Cái nạo băng
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
ID = Inside Diameter: Đường kính
trong
identical part n. = shared component:
Chi tiết dùng chung
identification colour n. (fuse)
particular colour for a specific
amperage: Mã màu dây điện theo
cường độ dòng
IDIS = Integrated Direct Ignition
System: Hệ thống đánh lửa trực
tiếp loại tích hợp
idle v. (engine) to run slowly with
closed throttle and usually with
transmission disengaged: Chạy
cầm chừng
idle for 5 minutes: Khởi động
động cơ và chạy cầm chừng 5
phút
l idle air jet n. hole in a fixed-jet
carburettor through which air is
drawn into the idle system: Gíc-lơ
gió cầm chừng
233
idle mixture adjustment screw idling

l idle jet n. carburettor jet within l idle speed or idling speed n.

the idle system which supplies a slowest speed at which an engine
constant amount of fuel for the will run smoothly (about 900 rpm):
formation of the idle mixture: Gíc- Tốc độ cầm chừng.
lơ cầm chừng
idle speed adjustment = alteration
idle mixture adjustment screw n. of the engine tickover: Sự điều
tapered adjusting screw (on some chỉnh tốc độ cầm chừng
carburettors) which controls
idle speed stabilizer = device which
the volume of air/ fuel mixture
ensures steady engine rpm at
supplied by the idle system of a
idle speed: Thiết bi ổn định tốc độ
fixedjet carburettor: Vít chỉnh hỗn
cầm chừng
hợp cầm chừng
l idle stop valve n. solenoid-
idler n. (a) gearwheel between
operated valve which cuts off fuel
a driving and a driven gear in a
gear train which may serve to in the idle system of a carburettor
reverse the original direction of and so stops the engine running-
rotation of the driven wheel: Bánh on when the ignition is switched
răng trung gian (đệm) để thay đổi off: Van cắt nhiên liệu mạch cầm
chiều quay chừng

(b) free-turning pulley or wheel l idle system n. at idle speed, the

which serves to maintain tension throttle valve is closed to such an
in a belt drive: Puli tăng đai tự extent that the airflow underneath
động the plunger no longer forms a
sufficient vacuum; the fuel is then
l idler arm n. (steering system)
supplied via an auxiliary system,
similar to the drop arm, but
the idle system, which consists of
located at the other end of the
the idle jet, the idle air jet and the
relay rod, and having a guiding
mixture control screw: Hệ thống
function only: Đòn dẫn hướng
cầm chừng
(lái)
l idling (engine) n. turning over at
l idler pulley n. spring-loaded
low speed with minimum throttle:
pulley designed to maintain the
Chế độ cầm chừng
tension of the timing belt: Puli
tăng đai tự động idling circuit = the passages, jets,

234 Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô

idling drag
etc. in a fixed-jet carburettor
which provide idling mixture to
the carburettor barrel: Mạch cầm
chừng (chế hòa khí)
idling drag = forward motion
of a vehicle with automatic
transmission, with engine at idle
and selector lever in position D.
It is also called creep: Chuyển
động của xe khi cài số D và động
cơ ở chế độ cầm chừng
IFS = Independent Front
Suspension: Hệ thống treo trước
độc lập
ignite v. to set fire to; to catch fire:
Đánh lửa, đốt cháy
l igniter 1. n. (air bag) bridge
igniter with detonator: Ngòi nổ
(gối hơi) 2. IC đánh lửa
l ignition n. process which
initiates the combustion of the
compressed air/fuel mixture in
the combustion chamber. In a
spark-ignition engine, the mixture
is ignited by an electric spark; in
a diesel engine, the self-igniting
mixture must be preheated by
glow plugs when a cold start is
performed: Sự đánh lửa
l ignition advance n. extent to
which the ignition spark is made
to occur ealier. It is opposite to
ignition retard: Đánh lửa sớm
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
ignition coil resistor
l ignition amplifier n. device used
to increase the electrical signal in
an electronic ignition system: Bộ
khuếch đại tín hiệu đánh lửa (IC
đánh lửa)
l ignition angle n. angle, measured
in degrees crankshaft, by which
the ignition is advanced: Góc
đánh lửa
l ignition cable or ignition lead n.
general term to designate the
high-voltage cables of the ignition
system, from the ignition coil
to the distributor and from the
distributor to the sparking plugs:
Dây phin, dây cao áp
l ignition capacitor n. electrical part
which interrupts the primary current
with low loss and suppresses most
of the arcing between the contact
breaker points in conventional coil
ignitions: Tụ điện trong hệ thống
đánh lửa vít
l ignition circuits = primary circuit
and secondary circuit: Các mạch
điện trong hệ thống đánh lửa
(mạch sơ cấp, mạch thứ cấp)
l ignition coil n. = coil: bô-bin
ignition coil resistor = ballast
resistor: Điện trở phụ trong hệ
thống đánh lửa
l ignition control unit n. general
235
ignition delay
control unit of electronic ignition
systems, usually with current
and dwell angle control, driver
and output stage, in some cases
with electronic spark timing
functions: Hộp điều khiển đánh
lửa (IC đánh lửa)
l ignition delay n. time lag
between ignition triggering and
the production of a spark: Thời
gian từ lúc ngắt mạch đánh lửa
cho đến khi tia lửa xuất hiện ở
bu-gi
l ignition disabler n. standard
feature of car alarm systems:
Thiết bị ngắt đánh lửa trong hệ
thống chống trộm
l ignition file n. tool for filing
ignition points and other small
objects. It is also called contact
file,magneto file, points file: Cái
dũa vít lửa
l ignition gauge n. blade or wire-
type feeler gauge used to check
gaps on ignition systems, such
as air gaps between permanent
magnet and trigger wheel on
electric ignitions: Lá cỡ đo khe hở
cảm biến điện từ
l ignition key n. key used to switch
on the ignition: Công tắc máy
(công tắc đánh lửa)
236
ignition module
l ignition lag n. in a diesel engine,
the time lag between fuel injection
and combustion: Thời gian
trễ cháy
l ignition lead n. = ignition cable:
Dây phin, dây cao áp
ignition map n. electronic map
stored in the electronic control
unit of ignitions with electronic
spark timing and containing the
most favourable ignition angle/
ignition point for every operating
point of the engine: Các giá trị
góc đánh lửa sớm tối ưu được
nạp vào EPROM
ignition module n. = ignition control
unit: Cụm điều khiển đánh lửa
l ignition oscilloscope n.
oscilloscope used especially
for ignition tuneups; usually
integrated in an engine tester:
Máy đo dao động trong hệ thống
đánh lửa
l ignition pattern n. display of
the waveforms in the primary or
secondary circuit of an engine
system in the firing order of the
engine; optionally parade or
display pattern and stacked or
raster pattern: Dạng xung đánh lửa
l ignition point n. (a) moment of
spark firing: Thời điểm đánh lửa
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
ignition system
(b) = contact breaker point: Vít lửa
l ignition point file = ignition file:
Dũa vít lửa
l ignition retard n. ignition after
top dead centre: Sự đánh lửa trễ
l ignition switch n. actuated with
the ignition key, the ignition
switch closes the primary circuit
of the ignition system: Công tắc
đánh lửa
ignition system n. subsystem of
the spark ignition engine, its
basic elements being the battery,
the ignition switch, the ignition
coil, the distributor, the sparking
plugs, and the connecting cables:
Hệ thống đánh lửa
ignition temperature n. = flash point:
Điểm khởi cháy, nhiệt độ khởi
cháy
ignition timing n. maintenance work
performed at idle by means of
a timing light, to align the timing
marks of the engine: Cân lửa
ignition toolkit n. set of small
tools usually comprising 8 small
openended spanners (size: 3/16
- 7/16 in), a feeler gauge, a small
screwdriver and a points file: Bộ
dụng cụ sử dụng cho hệ thống
đánh lửa
l ignition transformer n. transforms
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
imbalance
the primary voltage resulting
from the capacitor discharge to
the required high voltage: Sự
chuyển đổi điện áp trong đánh
lửa điện dung
l ignition transistor n. transistor that
switches the primary current of
a transistorized ignition system:
Transistor công suất trong hệ
thống đánh lửa
l ignition voltage n. the voltage at
which the spark jumps across the
electrodes; 30,000 V are quite
common today: Điện áp đánh lửa
I-head n. In US English, it is
overhead valve engine: Động cơ
với xú-páp trên nắp máy
IHP = Indicated Horsepower: Công
suất chỉ thị
illuminated a. lip up: Chiếu sáng
illuminated entry system = additional
courtesy lighting system which
illuminates the door entry area
when the door is ajar; consists
usually of lights in the lower door
panels and footwells: Hệ thống
chiếu sáng lối vào (cửa)
l illumination control n. = dimmer
control: Điều khiển độ sáng
imbalance n. lack of balance due
to uneven weight distribution: Sự
mất cân bằng
237
IMEP
IMEP = Indicated Mean Effective
Pressure: Áp suất chỉ thị trung
bình
IMI = Institute of the Motor Industry:
British organization for managers
in the motor industry: Học viện
Công nghiệp Ô tô.
immerse v. to dip into or submerge
in a liquid: Nhấn chìm (trong
dung dịch)
immobile a. unable to move: Không
chạy được
l immobilize v. to make immobile:
Làm cho xe không chạy được
l immobilizer n. device that makes
something immobile (such as
a wheel clamp): Thiết bị làm xe
không chạy được
impact n. sudden, hard, physical
contact: Chấn động
impact absorber = an impact-
damping element located
between bumper and bumper
mounting to keep impact energy
from propagating into the car
body: Thiết bị hấp thu chấn động
impact cushion = some child seats
secure the child by an impact
cushion in addition to the seat
belt or straps: Đệm giảm sự va
chạm cho ghế trẻ em
238
impact-resistant
impact damage = damage to the tyre
wall caused by contact with the
kerb or deep pothole, etc.: Sự hư
hại do va chạm
impact pipe = simplified version of
an impact absorber: Ống giảm sự
va chạm
impact sensor = crash sensor: Cảm
biến va chạm
impact strength = ability of a material
to resist shock loading strain: Độ
bền va chạm
impact stress = force per unit area
imposed on a material by an
abruptly applied force: Ứng suất
trên vật thể khi tác dụng đột ngột
l impact adhesive n. contact glue
that provides adhesion when
two coated surfaces are pressed
together: Keo dán
impact resistance test n.
determination of the resistance
to breakage by flexural shock
of plastics, as indicated by
the energy extracted from
'standardized' pendulum-type
hammers, mounted in standard
machines, in breaking standard
specimens with one pendulum
swing: Thử nghiệm khả năng vỡ
khi va chạm của nhựa
impact-resistant = stiffened (to a
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
impact screwdriver
certain degree) to resist the force
of a collision: Được gia cố để
tăng sức chống va chạm
impact screwdriver n. tool which
features a mechanism that
converts the impact from a
hammer into a powerful torque
for loosening (or tightening)
threaded fasteners: Vít đóng
tự động
impact socket n. heavy duty socket
for use with air or electric power
impact tools: Tuýp siết bằng hơi
hay điện
impact swivel ball universal joint
= the swivel ball type universal
joint is the most common type
for use with impact sockets:
Khớp nối tự lựa
impact wrench = pneumatic or
electric tool for use with impact
sockets: Cần siết hơi hoặc điện
impeller n. (a) rotating member
of a centrifugal pump which is
equipped with vanes to convert
mechanical energy into fluid
energy: Cánh bơm (bơm ly tâm)
(b) (fluid coupling or torque converter)
driving member connected to the
crankshaft via drive plate and
converter cover which generates
the fluid flow inside the converter:
Cánh bơm biến mô
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
incipient crack
l impeller eye n. inlet area of an
impeller (pump): Rãnh vào của
cánh bơm
l impeller pump n. centrifugal and
side-channel pump: Bơm cánh
quạt
imperial gallon n. UK gallon: Ga-
lông Anh khoảng 4,546 lít
impermeable or impervious a. not
capable of being permeated,
especially by fluids: Không thấm
chất lỏng
impervious to gases = not allowing
the passage of gas: Không để
khí đi qua
inboard a. located near the vehicle
centre rather than at the outside:
Vùng giữa xe
inboard brakes or discs = brakes
mounted on the inner end of drive
shafts rather than at the wheel
hub: Phanh đặt bên trong (trục)
inboard starter = Bendix starter: Máy
đề kiểu bánh răng Bendix
incar entertainment n. car audio
system, typically consisting of
a radio/cassette player and
perhaps a CD player (ICE): Các
thiết bị giải trí trong xe
incipient crack n. crack which has
just started to form: Vết nứt sơn
mới bắt đầu
239
incline
incline 1 n. slope: Mặt nghiêng, dốc
2. v. to slope: Làm nghiêng
inclined engine = in-line engine in
which the cylinders are inclined to
the vertical: Động cơ đặt nghiêng
l inclinometer n. = clinometer:
Thiết bị đo độ nghiêng
incomplete thread n. thread with
incomplete thread profile: Ren
thiếu
in-dash gauge n. gauge mounted
in the instrument panel: Đồng hồ
trên tableau
indentation n. concentrated panel
damage or specific dent that may
be caused when the car hits a
relatively small obstacle, i.e. the
towbar another car: Chỗ bị lõm
vào (thân xe)
independent suspension n. separate
suspension system for any of the
wheels: Hệ thống treo độc lập
independent front suspension =
system in which each front wheel
is sprung
independently (IFS): Hệ thống treo
trước độc lập
IFS = Independent Front Suspension
= system in which each front
wheel is sprung independently:
Hệ thống treo trước độc lập
240
indicator
independent rear suspension (IRS)
= system in which each rear
wheel is sprung independently:
Hệ thống treo sau độc lập
indicated horsepower (IHP) n.
theoretical power of an engine
calculated from the MEP in the
cylinders rather than at the shaft:
Công suất chỉ thị (động cơ)
indicated mean effective pressure
n. average pressure within an
engine cylinder during a working
cycle, calculated from an indicator
diagram (IMEP). Áp suất chỉ thị
trung bình (động cơ)
IMEP = Indicated Mean Effective
Pressure n. average pressure
within an engine cylinder during a
working cycle, calculated from an
indicator diagram. Áp suất chỉ thị
trung bình (động cơ)
indicator n. (a) instrument for
recording engine cylinder
pressure: Đồng hồ đo sức nén
indicator diagram = cylinder pressure
chart, plotted against the working
cycle of a piston or engine: Biểu
đồ áp suất (xi-lanh)
(b) = direction indicator: Đèn báo rẽ
indicator (light) n. lamp on an
instrument panel that lights up to
show the operation of something,
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
indirect damage
especially the illuminated arrow
that indicates the direction in
which a vehicle is about to turn:
Đèn báo rẽ (trên táp-lô)
indirect damage n. type of damage
not caused by immediate impact
but by the spread of the impact
force into other areas of the
body, e.g. bulging or dents at
the rear of the front wing and the
leading edge of the door in the
case of direct accident damage
to the front edge of the front
wing: Sự hư hỏng gián tiếp (khi
đụng xe)
l indirect injection n. fuel injection
not into the main combustion
chamber but into some kind of
prechamber; injection pressure
are lower than with direct injection
and ignition lag is short: Sự phun
nhiên liệu gián tiếp
indirect injection engine = diesel
engine using indirect injection:
Động cơ diesel phun nhiên liệu
gián tiếp
indium n. metallic element: Nguyên
tố kim loại kí hiệu In, số nguyên
tử 49
induce v. to cause or to bring about:
Tạo ra, cảm ứng
l to induce a voltage = to produce
a voltage by electromagnetic
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
induction
induction: Tạo ra (cảm ứng)
điện thế
induction n. intake of air and fuel
through the carburettor, inlet
manifold and inlet ports into the
combustion chamber: Sự nạp
l induction manifold n. = inlet
manifold: Cổ góp hút
l induction noise n. noise caused
by the intake of air by an engine
at full throttle: Tiếng ồn trên ống
nạp khi chạy ga lớn
l induction period n. period
during the charging process of
the engine that allows for the
intake of the fresh charge into the
cylinder while the inlet control,
i. e. the valve or port, remains
open: Khoảng thời gian (kỳ) nạp
l induction pipe n. the duct,
typically an alloy manifold,
between throttle and cylinder
head; the absolute pressure in
the induction pipe, the so-called
intake vacuum, is indicative of
engine load and is used to control
many engine related functions:
Ống nạp
l induction port n. (2-stroke
engines) the port in the cylinder
wall used for admission of the
fresh charge into the cylinder:
Cổng nạp, cổng hút (hai kỳ)
241
inductive ignition system
l induction stroke n. that phase of
the 4-stroke cycle during which
the inlet valve is open and the
piston descends from TDC to
BDC, drawing air (in a diesel
engine) or an air/fuel mixture (in
a SI engine) into the cylinder: Thì
(kỳ) nạp
l induction system n. part of
the fuel system in a SI engine,
including air filter, carburettor
or injectors, inlet manifold, inlet
ports and valves: Hệ thống nạp
l induction-type pulse generator n.
= magnetic pick - up assembly:
Cảm biến điện từ loại nam châm
đứng yên
inductive ignition system n. ignition
system where the primary energy
is stored in an inductor or an
ignition coil: Hệ thống đánh lửa
điện cảm
l inductive (pulse) pick-up n. =
magnetic pick-up assembly: Cảm
biến điện từ loại nam châm đứng
yên
l inductive winding n. = pick-up
coil: Cuộn dây cảm biến điện từ
inert a. lacking a chemical action;
property of the separators used
between the plates of a battery:
Trơ, không tác dụng hóa học
inert arc welding n. a family of arc
242
inflate
welding processes in the fusion
welding category: Hàn hồ quang
bằng khí trơ (argon)
inertia drive n. = bendix drive:
Truyền động quán tính (khởi
động)
inertia pinion = pinion used in an
inertia drive: Bánh răng quán tính
l inertia fuel cutoff switch n. = fuel
pump shut-off switch: Công tắc
cắt bơm nhiên liệu bằng quán
tính (an toàn)
inertia reel seat belt n. 3-point seat
belt with an automatic retractor
reel: Đai an toàn dùng lực quán
tính để rút
infant safety seat n. = baby seat
infinitely variable transmission
n. = continuously variable
transmission: Hộp số vô cấp
inflammable a. capable of being
easily ignited and of burning
quickly: Dễ cháy
inflate v. to fill with air: Bơm hơi
l inflation control seam = a system
of inflation control seams on
advanced air bags to control
the inflation speed and inflation
characteristics. It is also called
tear seam, whose negative
connotations are perhaps
inappropriate in a safety-related
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
inflator
context: Thiết bị điều khiển tốc độ
bung gối hơi
l inflation pressure n. = tyre
pressure: Áp suất lốp (vỏ)
inflator (unit) n. assembly beneath
the folded air bag, consisting of
a combustion chamber with a
bridge igniter, a detonator and
a priming charge surrounded by
the solid propellant, and a metal
filter: Buồng giãn nở trong gối hơi
infrared radiant drier n. infrared
lamp which accelerates the drying
of large areas of fresh paint: Đèn
hồng ngoại hấp sơn
l infrared (IR) remote control n. the
control of an operation by means of
an infrared beam transmitted to a
receiver (e. g. garage door, central
locking, car alarm system, etc.):
Điều khiển từ xa bằng hồng ngoại
ingress n. entry: Ngõ vào
inhibit v. to hinder or to prevent:
Ngăn chặn, kiềm chế
l inhibitor n. additive which retards
or prevents an undesirable
reaction, e.g. phosphates, anti-
oxidants. It is opposite to catalyst:
Chất ức chế
inject (with) v. to introduce a
fluid (into something) under
pressure: Phun
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
inlet cam
l injected engine n. = fuel-injected
engine: Động cơ phun xăng
l injection-moulded a. produced
by an injection moulding
machine or process: Đúc nhựa
bằng cách phun
injection moulding machine =
machine used to produce
preformed plastic body panels:
Máy đúc nhựa kiểu phun
injection period n. the length of
time for which fuel is sprayed
into the inlet ports or combustion
chamber during fuel injection:
Thời gian phun
injection pump n. pump which
receives fuel from the fuel tank
(often through the fuel-feed pump
in the case of diesel engines) and
delivers it under pressure to the
injectors: Bơm nhiên liệu (cao áp)
injector n. precision-made device for
spraying fuel into the inlet ports or
combustion chamber: Kim phun
injector nozzle = tip of the injector,
either of multi-hole design for
direct injection or pintle design for
indirect injection: Vòi phun
inlet cam (shaft) n. the cam
responsible for the actuation of
the inlet valve in DOHC engines:
Cam nạp
243
inlet manifold heater
l inlet line n. pipe or hose on
the intake side of a component,
through which a fluid is supplied
by gravity from a reservoir or tank
located at a higher level; e.g. from
coolant expansion tank to radiator,
or from brake fluid reservoir to
master brake cylinder: Ống nạp
từ thùng (phanh, bình nước phụ)
l inlet manifold n. the component
which guides the intake air to the
cylinder head inlet ports; usually
an aluminium casting or a GRP
moulding, with one inlet opening
and as many outlets as there are
cylinders in the engine. It is also
called intake manifold: Cổ góp
hút, ống góp hút
inlet manifold heater = flame glow
plug
inlet over exhaust engine (IOE
engine) n. engine design used
on early cars. It is also called
F-head engine: Động cơ có
đường nạp nằm trên đường thải.
inlet port or (US) intake port n. (of
4-stroke engines) part of the
intake system inside the cylinder
head, from the inlet manifold
flange to the valve ports of the
combustion chamber: Cổng nạp
l inlet stroke n. = induction stroke:
Thì (kỳ) nạp
244
in-line engine
l inlet tract n. a branch of the inlet
manifold leading to an inlet port:
Nhánh ống nạp cho từng xi-lanh
l inlet valve n. in 4-stroke IC
engines, usually a poppet valve,
located in the cylinder head,
operated directly or indirectly by a
camshaft; the inlet valve is usually
larger and (on used engines)
cleaner than the exhaust valve; it
is only open during the induction
stroke. In US English, it is intake
valve: Xú-páp nạp
inlet valve closes = mark on a
valvetiming diagram (IVC): Dấu
chỉ xú-páp nạp đóng
IVC = Inlet Valve Closes = mark on
a valvetiming diagram: Dấu chỉ
xú-páp nạp đóng
inlet valve opens (IVO)= mark on a
valvetiming diagram: Dấu chỉ xú-
páp nạp mở
in-line engine n. multi-cylinder
engine, usually with three or
more cylinders that are arranged
parallel to one another and are
either mounted vertically or
at an angle (sloper engine) in
one single line; the pistons that
reciprocate in these cylinders in
turn drive a common crankshaft.
It is also called straight engine:
Động cơ có xi-lanh thẳng hàng
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
inner attachment face
l in-line power steering n. power-
assisted steering applied within
the steering box or rack: Trợ lực
lái thẳng hàng
l in-line pump n. pump whose
suction and discharge branches
are arranged in line for direct
installation into the pipework;
special foundations are
unnecessary, and the absence
of shaft couplings eliminates
alignment problems: Bơm pít-
tông có đường hút và đường xả
thẳng hàng
inner attachment face n. the part of
the brake disc directly fixed to the
wheel hub: Mặt đĩa phanh phía
bắt với trục
l inner cone n. small, innermost
part of the flame at the tip of a
blowtorch, the shape of which
indicates the torch adjustment:
Lõi ngọn lửa hàn
l inner cylinder n. working
chamber of a double-tube
shock absorber: Xi-lanh con
(ống giảm chấn)
l inner dead centre = It is also
called top dead centre: Điểm
chết trên
l inner headlight n. the inner one
of twin headlights (as for BMWs
or the Jaguar XJ series); usually
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
input shaft
for main beam only. It is opposite
to outer headlight: Đèn pha phía
trong (loại bốn đèn)
l inner liner n. innermost layer of
a tubeless tyre which provides an
airtight barrier: Lớp làm kín bên
trong vỏ (không ruột)
l inner mounting face n. = inner
attachment face
l inner race n. inner track of a
ball bearing: Rãnh trong của ổ bi
(vòng bi)
l innerspring seat n. sturdy,
sofalike seat design using spring
coils as damping elements; used
mainly by Mercedes-Benz: Ghế
ngồi đệm lò xo
l inner tube n. inflatable rubber
tube inside a tyre. Note, it is nearly
all modern tyres are tubeless:
Ruột bánh xe
inorganic a. pertaining to or
composed of chemical
compounds which do not contain
carbon as the principal element,
i.e. matter which does not come
from plants or animals. It is
opposite to organic: Chất vô cơ
input shaft n. = clutch shaft: Trục
vào (trục ly hợp)
l input variable n. the object of
measurement and control; e.g.
245
insert
pressure, temperature, etc.:
Thông số ngõ vào (điều khiển)
insert n. technique of permanently
joining plastics and other
materials, e.g. embedding steel
clips in a moulded plastic cover:
Kỹ thuật lồng chất khác vào nhựa
inside caliper n. machinist’s caliper
used to check inside dimensions:
Compa đo trong
l inside diameter (ID) n. the
internal diameter of a cylinder or
tube: Đường kính trong
inside spring caliper n. inside caliper
with spring for accurate setting:
Calip đo trong có lò xo giữ
insolation n. exposure to the rays of
the sun: Sự phơi nắng
inspection n. type of examination
which serves to evaluate
the operating condition of a
component or system; the
inspection may identify the need
for servicing or repair: Sự kiểm
tra kỹ tìm chỗ hư hỏng
inspection lamp = mains-powered
lamp with a long lead, used in
garages to inspect the underside
of cars and under the bonnet:
Đèn soi xe
inspection lot = certain quantity of a
particular item chosen at random
246
instrument cluster
for quality testing: Lô kiểm tra
(ngẫu nhiên)
inspection mirror = tool used
to inspect hidden areas on
automotive parts: Gương để
quan sát những phần khó nhìn
thấy trên xe
inspection pit = pit in the floor of a
garage providing working space
underneath a vehicle: Hầm kiểm tra
gầm xe
install v. to put something in position
ready for use: Lắp đặt
l installation n. putting something
in position ready for use. It is
opposite to removal. Sự lắp đặt
l installed height n. height at which
something is placed in position:
Chiều cao lắp đặt
instant spare n. = emergency
inflator
Institute of Road Transport Engineers
(IRTE) British organization set up
to increase the competence and
professionalism of vehicle owners
and drivers: Học viện giao thông
đường bộ
instrument cluster n. (a) array
of separate gauges in one
housing; a major component of
the instrument panel including
analogue or digital instruments
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
insulate
and indicators, but no controls
except for the trip mileage reset
button on some cars: Tableau xe
(b) several gauges integrated into
one instrument, making one unit
combining several functions, e.g.
engine temperature, oil pressure
and fuel gauge; if one gauge fails,
the entire instrument cluster must
be replaced: Tableau xe, bảng
đồng hồ
l instrument panel n. panel
below the windscreen which
accommodates the instruments
and controls. It is also called
dash, dashboard, fascia: Bảng
đồng hồ và công tắc điều khiển
l instruments and controls n.
general term covering all gauges,
indicators, switches, regulators,
and buttons: Hệ thống đo đạc và
điều khiển
insulate v. to cover with non-
conducting material, so as to
prevent the transmission of heat,
electricity or sound: Bọc lại để
cách điện hoặc nhiệt
l insulating cap n. insulated top of
the coil tower: Đầu cách điện trên
bô-bin
l insulating tape n. PVC tape
for wrapping round electrical
connections: Băng keo quấn dây
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
integral
l insulation n. (a) the process of
insulating: Sự cách điện.
(b) the material used for insulating:
Chất cách điện.
l insulator n. (a) material without
free electrons which, therefore,
is a poor conductor of electricity:
Vật liệu cách điện
(b) = sparking plug insulator: Sứ
cách điện (bu-gi)
insulator nose or tip = the tip of a
sparking plug: Phần sứ cách điện
ở điện cực giữa của bu-gi
insurance premium n. regular
payment for an insurance policy:
Phí bảo hiểm
intake manifold n. In US English, it
is inlet manifold: Cổ góp hút
l intake pipe n. = Induction pipe =
ống góp hút
l intake plenum n. = plenum
chamber = buồng nạp
l intake port n. In US English, it is
inlet port = ống nạp
l intake stroke n. In US English, it
is induction stroke = kỳ nạp
l intake valve n. In US English, it is
inlet valve = van nạp
integral a. forming part of a whole:
Toàn bộ, nguyên khối
247
inter-axle differential
l integral body and frame
construction n. = unitary
construction: Cấu trúc tích hợp
thân với sườn xe
l integral colour anodizing n.
anodizing process in which the
colour is produced by using
special electrolytes: Quá trình
a-nốt hoá để tạo màu
l integral moulded seat n. seat
with integrated 3-point seat belt:
Ghế xe dính với đai an toàn
l integral-type power (assisted)
steering n. = in-line power
steering
l integrated child (safety) seat n.
rear seat that can be converter
into a child seat: Ghế an toàn
dành cho trẻ em
l IDI = Integrated Direct Ignition
System n. distributorless ignition
system consisting of two separate
ignition coils, an ignition module,
a secondary conductor housing
mounted to an aluminium cover
plate, a crankshaft sensor, and
electronic spark timing: Hệ thống
đánh lửa trực tiếp tích hợp
inter-axle differential n. = centre
differential: Cầu trung tâm (cầu
chính)
l inter-cell link n. electric conductor
248
intercrystalline
that carries electric current
between the adjacent cells of a
battery: Thanh nối giữa các ngăn
ắc quy
interchangeable head torque wrench
n. wrench that does not have
the usual square drive for use
with sockets, but is designed to
accept special interchangeable
heads: Cần siết có đầu tuýp thay
đổi được
intercoat adhesion failuren. situation
in which one coat of finish peels
off or can easily be stripped off
with masking tape from another
layer underneath: Bong sơn
intercooler n. heat exchanger of
the air-to-air or air-to-water type
which
lowers the charge air temperature
to obtain higher air density and
better volumetric efficiency: Bộ
giải nhiệt cho khí nạp trong hệ
thống tăng áp
l intercooling n. cooling of the
charge air between compressor
and engine: Sự giải nhiệt khí nạp
intercrystalline or intergranular
corrosion n. small outbreaks
of rust occurring along crystal
boundaries of metals or alloys:
Vết rỉ bên trong giữa các tinh thể
kim loại
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
interference
interference n. noise from the
ignition system that affects radio
and TV reception: Sự nhiễu vô
tuyến từ hệ thống đánh lửa
interior n. & a. (the) inside (of) a
vehicle: Nội thất xe
interior light = courtesy light: Đèn
trần.
interior mirror = rearview mirror
located centrally near the top of the
windscreen: Gương chiếu hậu
interior noise level = level of noise
inside the vehicle, typically in the
range from 45 - 90 dBA from idle
to full throttle; at 70 mph between
66 - 87 dBA: Mức ồn bên trong xe
interior trim = panels, linings,
decorative facings, upholstery
and covers inside a vehicle: Đồ
trang trí trong xe
interleaf friction n. friction between
individual leaves of a leaf spring:
Sự ma sát giữa các lá nhíp
interlock 1 v. (gear train members)
to fit together: Ăn khớp vào nhau,
cài vào nhau
2 n. device in a changespeed
gearbox which prevents two gears
being engaged at the same time:
Cơ cấu chống kẹt số khi sang số
intermediate 1 a. between two things
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
intermittent wiper control
or extremes: Trung gian, giữa. 2
n. American car category, with
space for 5 - 6 passengers and a
length of 207 - 215 ins: Xe Mỹ loại
trung với 5, 6 chỗ
l intermediate coat n. any coat
of paint between the first coat
(primer) and last coat (finish):
Lớp sơn giữa
l intermediate (drive) plate or
interplate n. disc between the
driven plates in a twin plate clutch:
Đĩa truyền động trung gian
l intermediate gear n. any gear
between bottom gear and top
gear, but usually refers to second
or third gears: Bánh răng trung
gian
l intermediate rod n. = relay rod:
Cần trung gian
l intermediate shaft n. rotating
shaft joining two other shafts:
Trục trung gian
intermittent a. occurring at regular or
irregular intervals: Ngắt quãng,
gián đoạn
intermittent fault = fault which comes
and goes (and annoyingly never
occurs when the car is taken into
the garage for repair): Trục trặc,
hư hỏng không liên tục
intermittent wiper control n. operates
249
internal circlip pliers
the wipers at preset intervals;
typically adjustable from 2 to 40
seconds. In US English, it is mist
action: Sự điều khiển ngắt quãng
cần gạt nước
internal circlip pliers n. special
pliers with pointed jaw tips for the
installation and removal of internal
circlips: Kìm mở phe bên trong
internal combustion engine n. type
of engine in which the fuel is
burned within the cylinders of
the engine (as opposed to, for
example, the steam engine) and
the gaseous combustion products
serve as the thermodynamic fluid;
the spent gases are released into
the atmosphere; the term internal
combustion engine covers all
types of reciprocating and rotary
engines, but is typically used with
reference to fourstroke petrol and
diesel engines (IC engine): Động
cơ đốt trong
internal damage n. damage to the
body shell that is not usually
visible from the outside: Sự hư
hại bên trong
internal diameter n. = inside
diameter: Đường kính trong
l internal gear n. internally toothed
annulus gear: Bánh răng trong,
vòng răng trong
250
ISO
l internal gear pump n. gear
pump which has one rotor with
internally cut teeth meshing
with an externally cut gear idler;
a crescent-shaped partition is
used to prevent liquid from
passing back to the suction
side of the pump; a typical oil
pump, characterized by quiet
operation and high capacity:
Bơm bánh răng
l internal micrometer n. micrometer
for inside measurements such as
distances between two parallel
surfaces or inside diameters of
cylinder and main bearing bores:
Vi kế đo trong (panme)
internal resistance n. the resistance
inherent in a voltage source,
such as a battery: Điện trở trong
(ắc quy)
internal thread n. thread on the
inside of a nut or similar into
which the external thread of a
bolt or screw fits. It is also called
female thread: Ren trong
l internal vane pump n. = sliding-
vane pump: Bơm kiểu cánh trượt
ISO = International Standards
Organization n. Genevabased
organization established (in
its present form) in 1947 to
standardize units of measurement
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
interplate
and technical design: Tổ chức
tiêu chuẩn quốc tế
interplate n. = intermediate plate:
Bản trung gian
interruptor n. It is also called
thermostatic interruptor: Bộ ngắt
intersection n. road junction: Sự
giao nhau của đường
interval operation n. intermittent
operation: Sự hoạt động ngắt
quãng
IOE engine n. = inlet over exhaust
engine: Động cơ có ngõ nạp nằm
trên ngõ thải
ion n. electrically charged particle
formed by losing or gaining
electrons; particles of this type
make a solution of certain
chemicals a conductor of
electricity: Ion
l ioniccurrent measuring method
or technique n. measuring the
conductivity in the spark gap in
order to select a sparking plug
of the correct heat range: Kỹ
thuật (phương pháp) đo điện trở
khe hở bu-gi để xác định chỉ số
nhiệt
iridescent a. displaying a spectrum
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
Izod method
of glittering, shimmering colours;
often changing as the position
or angle from which they are
observed, changes: Óng ánh
nhiều màu sắc
iron n. most common metallic
element, it is used for making
steel. In US English, it is tyre
lever: Sắt
IR remote control n. = Infrared
Remote control
IRS = Independent Rear Suspension
isooctane n. liquid hydrocarbon used
to determine the octane rating of
fuels: Hydrocarbon lỏng dùng để
xác định chỉ số octane
isolator n. item that prevents
interaction between two
components: Vật ngăn cách
Izod method or test n. impact
resistance test in which the
specimen is held as a vertical
cantilever beam and is broken
by a single swing of a pendulum,
with the line of initial contact at a
fixed distance from the specimen
clamp and from the centreline of
the notch and on the same face
as the notch: Phương pháp Izod
để kiểm tra độ cứng
251
jack
Jj
jack n. mechanical or hydraulic
device for raising (part of) a car:
Cái kích, con đội
jack stand = axle stand: Con đội kê,
con đội chết (ba chân)
jack up v. to raise using a jack: Kích
lên (xe ô tô)
jacking point = strengthened place
on the under body to put the jack.
With small cars, which have one
point on each side, but larger
cars it may have two: Điểm đặt
kích (dưới gầm xe)
jackknife v. to go out of control
when braking harshly so that the
trailer slews round at an angle to
the cab (articulated lorries): Mất
điều khiển khi phanh (xe kéo
container)
jackshaft n. = intermediate shaft:
Trục trung gian
jalopy n. a worn-out old car: Ô tô
rất cũ
252
jet needle
jamb switch n. push-button light
switch located in a door jamb
(e.g. for courtesy lights, boot
light): Công tắc cửa
jam nut n. = self-locking nut: Đai
ốc tự hãm
jerking see jolting
jet n. (i) precision-made hole to
control the flow of petrol, air or air/
fuel mixture, as in a carburettor:
Gíc-lơ, lỗ tia
(ii) the nozzle containing such a
hole: Vòi phun
jet adjuster = nut that regulates the
volume or strength of the air /
fuel mixture in a variable-choke
carburettor: Vít điều chỉnh gíc-lơ
jet carrier or jet head = removable
plug in a carburettor containing
the jet: Ốc đậy lỗ gíc-lơ
jet needle = tapered needle in a
carburettor jet: Kim lỗ tia
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
jet tube
jet tube = tube that houses the main
jet in an SU carburettor: Ống
chứa gíc-lơ chính
jet process n. process by which the
thickness of hot-dip galvanized
coating on steel strips can
be regulated, allowing the
application of coatings of different
thicknesses on the two sides of
steel strips: Quá trình điều chỉnh
bề dày lớp phủ
J-flange n. most widely used rim
flange type for passenger car
wheels; the J-flange is 17.3 mm
in height: Mép niềng hình chữ J
jib-jack n. lever-type tower jack:
Kích nâng bằng cần
JJD wheel n. safety wheel which
can be run when deflated:
Bánh xe an toàn (có thể chạy
khi xì vỏ)
job n. particular piece of work: Công
việc, việc
lube job = lubrication of an engine:
Sự bôi trơn động cơ
valve job = replacing or regrinding
old valves: Sự thay thế hay mài
lại xú-páp
jockey pulley or wheel n. free-
turning, spring-loaded idler used
to tension the timing belt: Puli
căng đai
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
jounce and rebound
joggle 1 n. slight step along the
edge of a panel to provide a level
mounting and welding surface
so that it can be overlapped
against the adjacent panel for
subsequent lap or spot welding:
Gờ, vấu, mí
2 v. to join by means of a joggle: Nối
bằng gờ
l joggler n. metalworking tool
used for creating a joggle: Dụng
cụ tạo vấu
joint n. the interface at which two
or more mechanical or structural
components are united: Khớp
nối, mối nối, mối ghép
l joint splitting tool n. = ball joint
separator: Dụng cụ tháo khớp
nối cầu
jolting n. effect caused by harsh
clutch release: car body jerks
repeatedly in a longitudinal
direction: Sự giật khi nhả ly hợp
joule n. SI unit of measurement of
energy: Đơn vị năng lượng, kí
hiệu J
jounce and rebound n. = bump and
rebound
l jounce buffer or bumper n.
compression buffer at the top of
the shock absorber or strut: Cái
đệm giảm xóc
253
journal
journal n. the part of a shaft which
is supported by a bearing: Cổ trục
joyride 1 n. a reckless drive in a
stolen car: Chạy xe liều lĩnh trên
xe trộm được
judder 1 v. to shake or vibrate:
Rung xóc
2 n. shaking or vibration (brake
judder; clutch judder; wiper blade
judder): Sự rung xóc
juggernaut n. a very large goods
lorry: Xe tải nặng
jumper cable n. (US) = jump lead:
Dây nối tắt
l jump leads n. pair of well-insulated
electrical cables with crocodile-
clip ends, used to connect the
two live terminals of a functioning
battery to the dead terminals
254
just-in-time system
of a flat one to get a car with a
discharged battery started: Cặp
dây nối ắc quy ngoài để khởi
động
l jump start v. to start a car with
a flat battery using jump leads to
obtain a charge from a nearby
live battery: Khởi động bằng cách
nối ắc quy ngoài
junk 1 n. scrap: Phế liệu, sự cắt vụn
2 v. to scrap: Cắt vụn, đập vụn ra
l junkyard n. place where cars are
sent for scrap: Bãi xe phế liệu
just-in-time system n. system of
production where components
are delivered as they are required
rather than keeping them in store:
Hệ thống sản xuất nhịp nhàng
(Nhật)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
Kadenacy effect
Kk
Kadenacy effect n. when a port of a
two-stroke engine opens abruptly,
as the case with a rectangular
exhaust port, the cylinder
pressure gives rise to a positive
pressure wave transmitted down
the exhaust pipe at the speed
of sound Kadenacy: Hiệu ứng
Kadenacy
kangarooing n. (informal) moving
forward in a succession of sudden
jerks as a result of improper use
of the clutch, (a characteristic of
learner drivers): Xe chạy không
đều do mới học lái
KAM = keep alive memory n. =
fault memory: Bộ nhớ mã lỗi
kerb n. stone edging between
the pavement and the road. In
US English, it is called curb: Lề
đường
l kerb weight n. weight of a
vehicle with fuel, oil and coolant
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
key
but without occupants, luggage
or payload: Khối lượng xe không
có người và hành lý
kerosene or kerosine n.(a) fuel for
jet engines: Xăng cho động cơ
phản lực.
(b) US = paraffin: Dầu hỏa.
key 1 n. (a) metal instrument for
turning locks and key-operated
switches: Chìa khóa
(b) small peg or wedge that fits into a
keyway: Chìa khóa
(c ) L-shaped tool for turning: Khóa
chữ L để quay
(d) recessed screws (e. g. Allen key):
Khóa mở ốc chìm
l key file n. small file with a
length of 100/ 150 mm for
sharpening key holes and other
small components, available in
standard shapes, e. g. as flat
tapered, flat parallel, half round,
255
keyless entry system
three square, square or round
file: Dũa nhỏ mài lỗ khóa
keyless entry system n. allows
locking and unlocking of the
vehicle’s doors and boot without
using a key: Hệ thống khóa cửa
không chìa khóa (từ xa)
keyway n. slot cut into a component
which accepts the key (b) of
another component to ensure
such a tight fit that the two
components operate as one:
Rãnh đút chìa khóa
K-flange n. rim flange type for
passenger car wheels; the
K-flange is 19.3 mm in height and
rarely used today: Mép niềng xe
kiểu K
kick v. In US English, it is go off:
Xuất phát
l kickdown n. (automatic gearbox)
system that enables a driver
to accelerate rapidly, by fully
depressing the accelerator pedal
to engage a lower gear than the
one selected by the automatic
gearbox (KD). In US English, it
is forced downshift: Hệ thống gia
tốc nhanh trong hộp số tự động
bằng cách đạp hết ga
kickdown valve = mechanically or
electrically operated valve which
actuates a downward gearchange
256
kilopascal
if the accelerator pedal is fully
depressed: Van xuống số khi
tăng tốc
l kickplate or kick strip n. = scuff
plate
l kick start v. to start a motorcycle
engine by kicking a pedal
downwards: Cần khởi động
l kickstarter n. pedal lever and
ratchet mechanism for kick
starting
an engine: Cơ cấu khởi động bằng
cần (giò đạp)
l kickup n. raised section of
the frame and body to provide
clearance for the front and/or rear
suspension system or axles: Sự
nâng gầm
l kickup pipe = exhaust pipe
section including the elbow or U
around the rear axle: Ống uốn
khúc của bộ giảm thanh (pô)
kidney dolly n. = toe dolly
kilometre (km) or (US) kilometer n.
unit of length (1 km = 0.621 mile;
1 mile = 1.61 km)
kilometres per hour (km/h) = unit of
velocity: Đơn vị đo vận tốc
kilopascal (kPa) n. SI measurement
of pressure (= 1000 Pascals):
Đơn vị đo áp suất
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
kingpin
kingpin n. vertical or inclined shaft
about which a steered wheel
pivots: Trụ quay lái
kingpin axis = centreline of the
ball joints in a front suspension
system. It is also called swivel-
axis inclination: Đường tâm
của khớp bi trong hệ thống treo
trước
kingpin offset = geometric
parameter: ‘positive’ if the
kingpin axis intersects the
wheel plane at or below ground
level, ‘negative’ if the point of
intersection is above ground
level. It is also called scrub
radius: Góc kingpin
kink 1 n. twist or sharp bend in a
hose: Chỗ thắt nút, chỗ xoắn trên
ống mềm
2 v. to form a kink (check for kinked,
clogged, or damaged hoses): Thắt
nút, xoắn lại (ống mềm)
kit n. set of tools, parts, etc.: Bộ
dụng cụ, bộ phụ tùng
l kit car n. car that is assembled
(often by the DIY enthusiast) from
its constituent parts; usually with
a GRP body shell: Xe tự lắp
K-jetronic n. commonly used
mechanical fuel injection
system made by Bosch in which
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
knuckle
the amount of fuel injected
continuously under pressure into
the inlet ports is controlled by
an airflow meter: Hệ thống phun
xăng liên tục kiểu cơ khí
knifing stopper n. fine grade filler for
minor dents and chips: Loại matit
để dặm vá các vùng lõm nhỏ trên
thân xe
knock n. = engine knock: Tiếng gõ
động cơ, kích nổ
l knock control n. retards the
spark advance when detonation
occurs: Sự kiểm soát kích nổ
knocker n. (informal US English) =
panel puller
knock limit n. degree of spark
advance before detonation: Góc
đánh lửa sớm tại thời điểm có
kích nổ
knock-off/on nut n. = spinner
l knock-off wheel n. splined-hub
wheel with one central locking
nut (spinner) which is knocked
on and off with a soft-headed
hammer: Bánh xe một ốc khoá
knock resistance n. = octane
number: Chỉ số chống kích nổ
l knock sensor n. = detonation
sensor: Cảm biến kích nổ
knuckle n. (i) the joint of a hinge
257
knuckle arm KPI

through which the pin passes: fingers: Khía trên ốc để dễ vặn

Bản lề
2 v. to roughen with knurls: Tạo
(ii) hinged joint between two rods khía knurled nut = thumb nut with
or tubes: Khớp nối hai trục (ống)
knurled sides: Đai ốc có khía
l knuckle arm n. = steering arm:
l knurling n. roughening with knurls:
Trục dẫn hướng
Sự tạo khía
l knuckle pin n. = kingpin knurl 1
n. (on nuts, knobs) (series of) KPI = Kingpin Inclination: Độ nghiêng
small ridges to provide a grip for trụ quay lái

258 Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô

L laminated glass
Ll
L (a) Low: Số thấp (hộp số tự động)
Labour v. to struggle to keep
turning due to lack of revs or the
use of too high a gear (engine):
Di chuyển khó vì tốc độ thấp hoặc
số cao
l labouring n. (of engine) having
difficulty in turning. In US English,
which is lugging: Lì máy
ladder chassis or (US) ladder frame
n. chassis layout in which the
side members are connected at
intervals by cross members, like
a ladder; common on coachbuilt
designs, obsolete in modern
unitary construction designs:
Khung xe hình cái thang
lake pipes n. non functional side
pipes fitted for decorative
purposes only: Các ống bên hông
để làm đẹp xe
lambda n. eleventh letter of the
Greek alphabet: l - chữ cái Hy
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
Lạp thứ 11
l lambda probe or lambda sensor
n. = oxygen sensor: Cảm biến
oxy, cảm biến lambda
l lambda window n. narrow range
(where lambda = 1), which yields
the lowest emission values for
CO, NOx, and HC: Vùng quanh
điểm tỷ lệ hoà khí lý tưởng l = 1
laminate 1 n. a sheet of material
made of several different bonded
layers: Tấm do nhiều lớp khác
nhau dán lại
2. v. to make material by bonding
together several thin sheets:
Được ép ra từ nhiều tấm
l laminated glass = sandwich-type
construction of two or more panes
of glass laminated together with
an extremely tough, crystal-clear
plastic film; on severe impact,
laminated glass will crack, but not
shatter like ordinary glass, nor
259
lamp
craze over like toughened glass:
Kính an toàn có nhiều lớp (khi
đụng chỉ nứt mà không vỡ)
l laminated iron core = the core
of an ignition coil consisting of
pieces of soft iron laminations,
insulated from one another: Lõi
sắt của bô-bin gồm nhiều miếng
ghép lại
l laminated windscreen = l lamp panel = panel that encloses
windscreen made with laminated
glass: Kính trước được ép từ
nhiều miếng mỏng
l laminating n. covering sheets
with a particular layer or covering
moulded parts with a specific
plastic film: Ép nhựa
l lamination n. (i) act of laminating,
(ii) thin layer, (iii) structure made
up of thin layer: Sự ép, lớp mỏng,
cấu trúc làm từ nhiều lớp mỏng
lamp n. lighting unit: Cái đèn
l lamp aperture = opening in a
sheet metal panel for mounting
the headlamp or taillight: Lỗ
khung bắt đèn đầu hoặc đuôi
l lamp blackening = blackening of
a light bulb; gradual blackening
of conventional, i.e. non-halogen
light bulbs, occurs as a result of
metal vapour deposition on the
glass envelope which reduces
260
landau
light emission; severe blackening
indicates imminent bulb failure:
Sự đen đầu bóng đèn do vonfram
bốc hơi
l lamp cluster = group of lamps
behind a cover; the rear lights of
most cars are grouped together
in clusters: Cụm đèn gồm nhiều
bóng gần nhau
part or all of the headlamp or
taillight cutout and may extend
across the width of the car to
include both cutouts; in the latter
case, it forms an additional panel
to be joined to the smaller front or
rear valances: Khung đèn
l lamp socket = In US English, it is
bulb holder: Đui đèn, lỗ cắm bóng
đèn
l lamp unit = sealed light unit with
reflector and lens all-in-one: Cụm
đèn tích hợp gồm cả gương phản
chiếu và lăng kính
land n. smooth, open area of a
(grooved) surface, such as the
bands of metal between the
grooves in a piston which carry
the piston rings: Rãnh xéc-măng
landau or landaulet n. classic
car style characterized by the
fact that only the rear seats
were protected by a hard or
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
lane
convertible top, whereas the
driver was exposed to the open
air in order to be more aware of
road and weather conditions; an
imitation landaulet style is still
found on some American sedans
(saloons): Loại xe cổ điển mui
trần nhưng có tấm che ghế sau
lane n. (a) narrow road, often in the
country: Đường hẹp
(b) track on a road, defining lines of
traffic: Làn xe, tuyến
lap 1 n. rotating disc covered with
fine abrasive for polishing: Đá mài
2 v. (valve seats etc.) to polish
with a lap: Mài (đế xú-páp) bằng
đá mài
l lap belt n. 2-point belt pulled
across the hips, or lap belt
portion of a combined lap/
shoulder belt; mostly only on
the rear centre seat, on some
models on all rear seats: Đai an
toàn buộc qua hông
l lap joint n. (welding) simple
joint made by overlapping one
surface with another and joining
them together: Sự ghép mí, hàn
chồng mí
lash n. free play: Khoảng dịch
chuyển tự do
last station memory n. (audio/video)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
lateral atomization orifice
circuit which ensures that when
the unit is turned on, the tuner
automatically tunes to the station
that was received before the unit
was turned off: Mạch nhớ đài cuối
(radio, TV)
latch n. part of the locking
mechanism of doors, bonnets,
boots, tailgates: Chốt, then gài
latching pillar n. = B-pillar: Trụ đỡ
trung tâm khung cửa
lateral a. relating to the side: Thuộc
mặt bên, ở bên
l lateral acceleration n. centrifugal
force moving a vehicle towards
the outside of a curve when
cornering: Lực trượt ngang khi
quay vòng
lateral air passage n. passage at
the nozzle of a spray gun for
shaping the spray pattern to a
long or elongated oval: Lỗ không
khí ở đầu súng phun sơn định
dạng tia phun
lateral atomization orifice = additional
passages at the nozzle of a spray
gun for supplying additional air
to break up the paint into smaller
droplets: Lỗ phụ ở đầu vòi phun
sơn dùng để tán nhỏ sơn
l lateral grip n. ability of a tyre to
maintain its course, or remain
under normal steering control, while
261
lay-by
being subjected to directionally
disturbing influences: Sự ổn định
chuyển động của bánh xe khi có
tác động bên ngoài
l lateral impact n. side crash: Sự
va chạm bên hông
l lateral runout n. side-to-side
wobble (e. g. of wheel, brake
disc, rotor). The maximum lateral
runout of a brake disc should
not exceed 0.004 in or 0.1 mm:
Độ đảo bề mặt (bánh xe, đĩa
phanh,…)
l lateral stability n. = lateral grip:
Sự ổn định ngang
l lateral stiffness n. resistance of a
vehicle body structure to lateral
impact: Khả năng chịu lực của
khung đối với chấn động bên
hông (Độ cứng ngang)
lay-by n. place at the side of a road
where drivers can stop (to rest):
Nơi có thể dừng xe (trạm dừng)
layer of pure zinc n. top layer on
hot-dip galvanized steel which, in
contrast to zinc-iron alloy layers,
almost completely consists of
zinc: Lớp kẽm mạ trên thép
l layer thickness n. coating
thickness (indicated in
micrometres or millimetres): Độ
dày lớp phủ (sơn)
262
lead
layrub coupling n. universal joint
using four moulded rubber inserts
mounted on a round steel plate:
Khớp nối layrub có bốn cục cao
su lồng vào đĩa thép
layshaft n. intermediate shaft
between and parallel to the input
and output shafts, carrying the
two pairs of gearwheels which
provide the required changes
in gear ratio. In US English, it
is countershaft: Trục trung gian
(có gắn cặp bánh răng) trong
hộp số
lazy tongs n. (i) any device with
extensible arms (often in the form
of a series of crossed, hinged
bars) for handling objects at a
distance: Dụng cụ có tay nối
(ii) specifically, a type of pop rivet
gun with such arms: Súng tán ri-
vê có đầu nối
LCD = liquid-crystal display: an
optical, digital display used in the
instrument panel: Màn hình tinh
thể lỏng
LDC = lower dead centre: Điểm
chết dưới
LDPE = low-density polyethylene:
Nhựa PE tỷ trọng thấp
lead 1 n. soft, toxic, heavy metal
used in starter batteries, and
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
lead-acid battery
in leaded fuel as an anti-knock
agent: Chì
lead-acid battery = system of lead
plates and dilute sulphuric acid;
used as a starter battery and
as a traction battery in electric
vehicles: Ắc quy axít chì
lead-antimony grid = Lưới sườn bản
cực bằng hợp kim chì antimon
lead deposit = lead particles that
separate from the battery plates
during normal operation: Lớp cặn
chì (ắc quy)
leaded petrol = petrol to which lead
has been added as an anti-knock
agent: Xăng pha chì
lead-free petrol = unleaded petrol:
Xăng không pha chì
lead glazing = faulty sparking plug
condition caused by molten lead
salt deposits that solidify into a
yellow, brown or green glaze:
Tình trạng bu-gi bị hư do điện
cực bị bám chì
lead loading = the process of filling
dents and damaged areas of the
bodywork with body lead: Sự
trám chì (làm đồng)
lead peroxide = poisonous
compound used, for example, as
an electrode in batteries: PbO2 –
chất làm bản cực dương ắc quy
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
leading shoe
lead sulphate = chemical compound;
poisonous white crystals found in
discharged batteries: Sunfat chì
lead tolerance = resistance to leaded
fuel: Chống xăng pha chì
lead weight = balance weight on a
wheel rim: Miếng chì cân bằng
trên mâm bánh xe
lead 2 n. (a) connection cable for
an electric current: Dây nối (điện)
(b) (bolt, screw) distance from
the thread crest to the adjacent
crest of the same thread: Bước
ren
lead and lag n. terms referring to
the time between a valve opening
and TDC or BDC (valve lead),
and the time between TDC or
BDC and a valve closing (valve
lag): Thời gian từ lúc xú-páp
đóng đến khi pít-tông lên điểm
chết trên hoặc chết dưới và thời
gian xú-páp mở đến khi pít-tông
lên điểm chết trên hoặc chết dưới
leading a. forward or at the front:
Dẫn đầu, đầu
leading arm = front suspension link
which supports the wheel in front
of the pivot point: Đòn dẫn hướng
leading shoe = shoe of a brake drum
system which pivots outwards
into the approaching drum. In US
263
leaf spring
English, it is primary shoe: Bố
phanh (trống)
leaf spring n. flat, narrow, metal
strip of varying length used as a
spring: Lò xo lá, nhíp
lean a. of a weak air/ fuel mixture
that has less petrol than normal,
which is opposite to rich: Thiếu
xăng (hỗn hợp hòa khí nghèo)
l Lean Authority Limit Switch n.
developed by GM to monitor
heated carburettor inlet air
through an air cleaner TVS and
to prevent the control unit from
providing the carburettor with
too lean a mixture, for better
performance when starting from
cold: Công tắc giới hạn hoà khí
nghèo (để dễ khởi động)
l lean-burn engine n. engine which
uses a lean mixture of fuel and
air to increase fuel economy and
reduce exhaust emissions: Động
cơ đốt nghèo
l lean mixture n. mixture with
more oxygen than necessary
to burn the fuel contained in the
mixture, which is opposite to rich
mixture. Hỗn hợp hòa khí nghèo.
LED = light-emitting diode: a
semiconductor device used for
digital displays in the instrument
panel: Đi-ốt phát quang
264
lens
left-hand drive (LHD) a. steering
system where the steering
wheel is located on the left-hand
side of the vehicle; used for
driving on the right, as in most
parts of the world, except for
some Commonwealth countries
(e.g. the UK and Australia), and
Japan, which is opposite to
right-hand drive: Tay lái thuận,
tay lái bên trái
l left-hand thread n. thread
which will accept a nut turned
anticlockwise: Ren ngược
leftward welding n. welding a
seam towards the left: Hàn theo
hướng trái
legroom n. the amount of space
available to move one’s legs in
a vehicle: Chỗ để chân, chỗ duỗi
chân
LE-Jetronic n. the LE-Jetronic system
incorporates the advantages of
direct airflow measurement with
the enhancements afforded by
electronics: Hệ thống phun xăng
điện tử đo trực tiếp lưu lượng
khí nạp
lemon n. a new or used car with
many defects: Xe có quá nhiều
khuyết điểm
lens n. glass or plastic front cover
of a headlight through which the
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
let in
light converges or diverges: Thấu
kính, kính khuếch tán ở đèn đầu
let in v. (clutch) to engage: Gài khớp.
l let out v. to release: Nhả khớp
xả level n.: Mức
l level out v. to work on a panel to
remove irregularities with the use
of hammer and dolly or by filling
and sanding, etc.: Làm phẳng
(gò) thân xe
l level plug n. threaded plug in
the side of a gearbox or rear
axle to determine if sufficient
oil has been used during filling:
Que thăm dầu
levering bar n. metalworking tool
shaped like a large tyre lever with
flat hooked ends for levering bent
panels back into position: Cái đe
lớn (làm đồng)
LH = left hand: Bên trái, bằng tay trái
L-head n. L-shaped combustion
chamber: Buồng cháy hình chữ L
L-head engine = side valve engine:
Động cơ có xú-páp bên hông
licence or (US) license n. document
giving official permission to do
something: Bằng cấp, giấy phép
l license plate n. which is number
plate: Bảng số
lift n. (a) amount by which a poppet
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
light-alloy piston
valve rises when opened: Khoảng
đội xú-páp
(b) aerodynamic force caused by
greater pressure above the
car than below it and having
the effect of loss of traction
and stability; (counteracted by
a suitable spoiler): Xe bị bồng
bềnh do lực khí động
l lifter n. In US English, it is tappet:
Con đội
liftgate n. In US English, it is tailgate:
Cửa sau
lifting platform take-up point n. any
of the lifting points specified by
the manufacturer for supporting
the car on a lifting platform: Điểm
đội (gầm xe)
lift pump n. fuel pump: Bơm nhiên
liệu
light 1 a. (a) easy to operate, which
is opposite to heavy: Nhẹ nhàng,
dễ sử dụng
(b) weighing relatively little; not
heavy: Nhẹ
2. n. (a) illumination, as from
lamp: Soi sáng
(b) vehicle window: Cửa sổ (kính) xe
l light-alloy piston n. alloy piston:
Pít-tông hợp kim nhẹ
265
light-alloy wheel
l light-alloy wheel = alloy wheel:
Mâm bánh xe hợp kim nhẹ (đúc)
l light bulb n. It is also called bulb:
Bóng đèn
l lighter n. electric, push-button
device on the dashboard which,
when depressed, produces a red-
hot filament for lighting cigarettes,
etc.: Cái mồi thuốc lá trong xe
l light-fast a. unaffected by light:
Không bị ảnh hưởng bởi ánh
sáng
l light-footed a. used to describe a
mode of driving which uses gentle
pressure on the accelerator, thus
maximizing fuel economy: Kiểu
lái xe đạp ga nhẹ để tiết kiệm
nhiên liệu
l light-off temperature n. the
temperature at which a catalytic
converter achieves a 50%
conversion rate; typically near
2500C: Nhiệt độ mà bộ xúc tác
hoạt động 50%
l lights-on reminder n. usually
a buzzer, chime or voice alert
which reminds you that you have
left the car lights on: Báo còn bật
đèn bằng tiếng còi hoặc giọng nói
l light truck or van n. typically
a vehicle under 3 tons, which
includes pickups, passenger
266
limp-home mode
vans and most 4WD vehicles and
for which one does not need a
special licence: Xe tải nhẹ
l light unit n. = It is also called
lamp unit: Cụm đèn
limit n. the performance limit of a
car's chassis, tyres, etc. typically
experienced during sharp
cornering at high speeds: Sự giới
hạn tính năng của thân xe, bánh
xe khi quay vòng gấp ở tốc độ
cao
l limit cycle control n. = closed-
loop control: Chu trình điều khiển
kín
l limited-slip differential n. axle
differential or central differential
incorporating a locking or slip-
limiting mechanism to counter
wheel spin: Cầu vi sai với cơ cấu
khóa
l limiter n. = engine speed limiter:
Cơ cấu giới hạn tốc độ động cơ
limousine or (informal) limo n.
large luxurious car with a glass
partition between driver and
passengers: Loại xe lớn dài sang
trọng, có kính ngăn giữa buồng
lái và khoang sau
limp-home mode (of operation) n.
standby circuit which allows a car
with electronic system trouble to
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
 linear
be driven home slowly: Sự chạy
bằng hệ thống dự phòng khi xe
gặp sự cố (hệ thống điều khiển
động cơ)
linear (source) lamp n. = festoon
bulb: Bóng đèn trang trí
l linear wiper system n. system in
which the wiper arm is attached
both at the top and bottom and,
instead of describing the usual
arc, is guided in a straight line
from one side of the windscreen
to the other: Hệ thống gạt nước
với thanh gạt chạy thẳng
line pressure n. line pressure is
fed to the shifting components
when they are to be applied; it
increases in proportion to engine
speed and is the highest pressure
in the hydraulic control system:
Áp suất đường ống
liner n. = cylinder liner: Ống lót
xi-lanh
line spanner n. = flare nut spanner:
Cờ lê nụ, ống tuýp
lining n. (a) interior trim, e. g. of doors,
convertible tops: Lớp vải mui
(b) friction material (e. g. on brake
shoes in drum brake, on clutch
disc, on brake bands in automatic
transmission): Chất ma sát trong
bố phanh, bố ly hợp…
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
liquefied natural gas
linishing n. smoothing sheet metal
using power tools, e. g. with an
angle grinder and emery belt or
grinding disk: Sự mài nhẵn tấm
kim loại
link n. (a) movable, hinged piece
connecting moving parts of a
machine: Thanh nối, mắc nối
(b) = suspension link: Các thanh nối
hệ thống treo
l linkage power steering n. linkage-
type, power-assisted steering
system in which a conventional
manual system is assisted by
hydraulic or pneumatic effort
applied directly to a track rod: Trợ
lực lái kiểu thanh nối
lip n. the edge of a sheet metal panel
folded at right angles to the basic
panel contours; often used to
mount the panel to an adjacent
panel, e. g. for spot welding: Mép,
miệng (tấm, vỏ khung)
l lip seal with garter spring n. =
radial shaft seal: Phớt chận nhớt
trục ngang
liquefied natural gas (LNG) n. e.
g. methane, possible future
alternative fuel for SI engines:
Khí thiên nhiên hóa lỏng
l liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) n.
by-product of oil refining, mainly
267
liquid-cooled
butane or propane or a mixture
of the two gases, used as a fuel
for some SI petrol engines: Khí
đồng hành hóa lỏng
liquid-cooled a. (engine) cooled by
the passage of water or oil. It is
opposite to air-cooled: Làm mát
bằng nước hoặc nhớt
l Liquide Hydraulique Minerale
(LHM) n. green hydraulic fluid
used by Citroen for some of their
suspension systems: Nhớt thuỷ
lực màu xanh dùng cho hệ thống
treo Citroen
l liquid gasket n. room temperature
vulcanizing gasket sealer (from a
tube): Roong lỏng
l liquid paint n. paint which
contains solvents and cures at
room temperature or by baking:
Dung dịch sơn
l liquid pump n. machine used
to raise liquids from a low to a
high energy level by transferring
energy to the medium being
pumped: Máy bơm chất lỏng
list price n. the price ex-factory,
as quoted in the price list, as
opposed to the actual sales price
which will include on-the-road
charges: Bảng giá gốc
little end n. small end of the
268
load
connecting rod: Đầu nhỏ thanh
truyền
live axle n. a power-transmitting
axle: Trục truyền động
L-Jetronic air flow meter n. airflow
meter used on the L-Jetronic
system: Bộ đo gió kiểu L
l L-Jetronic (fuel injection) system
n. electronically controlled fuel
injection system: Hệ thống phun
xăng điện tử kiểu L
load n. (a) something to be born or
transported: Tải
(b) amount of material transported:
Trọng tải
(c) amount of power carried by an
electric circuit: Tải điện
(d) resistance overcome by an engine
when it is driving a machine: Sức
tải (động cơ)
l load alteration effect n. reactions
in the drive train or, in FWD
vehicles, in the steering, due to
sudden load alteration: Phản ứng
của phần động lực, của hệ thống
lái khi tải trọng thay đổi đột ngột
l load controlled power distribution
n. drive torque distribution, as
established e.g. by a Torsen
differential: Sự phân phối công
suất theo tải trọng
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
load floor extension
l load floor n. (i) cargo-carrying
area of a van or lorry: Thùng sau
xe tải
(ii) floor of the luggage area of an
estate car or hatchback: Ngăn
chứa đồ sau xe du lịch
load floor extension = moulded tray
that folds out of the rear luggage
area and provides an extended
load floor which hangs out over
the bumper; (can also be used
for picnics): Sàn chứa đồ kéo
rộng được
l load index (LI) n. coded number
on the sidewall of a tyre to
indicate the maximum load the
tyre may carry at a given speed
under manufacturer’s conditions:
Chỉ số tải trọng của bánh xe
l load rating n. = load index: Chỉ
số tải trọng
l load resistor n. = ballast resistor:
Điện trở phụ (đánh lửa)
load-sensitive proportioning valve n.
valve which regulates hydraulic
pressure to the rear wheels as
a function of chassis height-to-
axle distance: Van phân phối
theo tải trọng
load transfer n. = weight transfer:
Sự chuyển tải
lobe n. = cam lobe: Vấu cam
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
lock
l lobe-type supercharger n. a
positive displacement compres-
sor with twolobed rotors: Bơm
tăng áp kiểu cam quay
local cell n. galvanic cell resulting
from differences in potential
between adjacent areas on the
surface of a metal immersed in
an electrolyte: Pin cục bộ
localized corrosion n. corrosion
occurring at one part of a metal
surface at a much higher rate
than over the rest of the surface,
e.g. pitting corrosion, crevice
corrosion. It is opposite to uniform
corrosion: Sự ăn mòn cục bộ
locating dowel n. = It is also called
dowel pin: Chốt định vị
locating lug or pin n. projection or
pin for holding a part in a specific
position: Chốt định vị
locating spring n. (of disc brakes)
steel wire clip that secures the
cylinder in a floating frame or
caliper frame: Lò xo định vị
lock 1 (a) n. device for closing
something with a key to prevent
unauthorized entry: Ổ khóa
(b) (steering) amount by which the
wheels of a vehicle are able to
turn: Góc lái có thể
full lock = the maximum angle
269
lock cylinder
attained by the wheels when the
steering wheel is turned to its full
extent: Góc lái tối đa
v. (a) to close with a key: Khóa bằng
chìa
to fix or become fixed in a certain
position: Làm cố định, định vị
(c) (gear train members) to interlock
or couple: Sự cài vào nhau (bánh
răng)
l lockable differential n. = limited-
slip differential: Vi sai có cơ cấu
khóa
l lockable wheel n. wheel that can
be secured to the hub with a lock:
Bánh xe có cơ cấu khóa
l lock angle n. = steering angle:
Góc lái
l lock buster n. = lock pulier
lock cylinder n. cylinder in the middle
of a cylinder lock that is prevented
from turning (locked) by a number
of pins (typically five) which
penetrate down through the wall
of the cylinder: Xi-lanh có chốt
định vị
lock facing n. the surface of a door
to which the lock is attached: Bề
mặt lắp khóa (cửa xe)
l locking bar clamp n. locking
clamp with sliding jaw providing
270
locking synchromesh
extended clamping capabilities:
Bàn kẹp, ê-tô
locking clamp n. locking pliers with
specially shaped jaws for vice
work and intricate clamping jobs:
Kìm có răng khóa
locking differential n. differential with
the facility for locking together
the two half shafts, thus putting
the differential out of action and
greatly improving traction: Bộ vi
sai có khóa
l locking lug bolt/nut n. antitheft
wheel lug bolt/nut: Bulông/ đai ốc
khóa bánh xe để chống trộm.
l locking mechanism or locking
reel n. device which locks the
reel of a seat belt when the
forward acceleration of the
occupant exceeds a certain
value: Cơ cấu khóa chặt đai an
toàn khi xe tăng tốc
locking pliers n. pliers with locking
jaws: Kìm có răng khóa
locking synchromesh n. common
synchromesh mechanism in
which the synchromesh pressure
is proportional to the gearchange
force, thus preventing overriding
of the synchromesh action due
to hasty operation of the lever;
the gear and gearchange sleeve
are prevented from engaging
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
long block
until rotational speeds are
synchronized: Bộ đồng tốc
l lock nut n. (i) nut screwed on top
of another nut (ii) self-locking
nut: Đai ốc tự hãm, đai ốc hãm
l lock picker set n. set of special
door lock picker; attached to the
outside of a car door lock, the
lock puller rips out the entire lock
cylinder: Đồ nạy ổ khóa
l lock ring pliers n. tool for
removing and installing heavy-duty
circlips, used e. g. on brakes,
transmissions, pedal shafts, and
clutch shafts: Kìm mở phe
l lock-up clutch n. automatically
engaged clutch in a lock-up
torque converter which prevents
slipping losses: Cơ cấu nối ly
hợp trong biến mô (hộp số tự
động)
l lock-up torque converter = torque
converter in which the pump
can be mechanically locked to
the turbine, eliminating any loss
through the fluid: Bộ biến mô có
khóa tua-bin
long block n. the long block consists
of the short block plus oil pump
and sump, cylinder head(s),
camshaft(s) as well as the
complete valve train. It is opposite
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
long-nose self-grip pliers
to short block: Khối động cơ đầy
đủ chi tiết
long block engine n. engine with
a relatively long crankshaft. It is
opposite to short block engine:
Động cơ có trục khuỷu dài
longeron n. main side member:
Thanh dọc chính (khung xe)
long-haul a. long distance: Khoảng
cách dài
longitudinal a. lengthways: Theo
chiều dọc
longitudinal engine = traditional
engine layout used on most
RWD vehicles with the cylinders
lying lengthways from the front
to the back. It is also called
north – south layout: Động cơ
đặt dọc
longitudinal girder or member = side
member: Thanh dọc chính của
sườn xe
long-nose pliers n. pliers with half
round and tapered jaws, often
with a wire cutter and used for
electrical work. It is also called
snipe-nose pliers: Kìm mỏ dài
long-nose self-grip pliers = locking
pliers with extra long reach jaws:
Kìm mỏ tự hãm
l long-reach C-clamp n. self-grip
locking clamp with extra long
271
long stroke engine
C-shaped jaws: Cái kẹp hình
chữ C
long stroke engine n. reciprocating
piston engine whose bore
diameter is smaller than the
stroke; a relatively long stroke
produces higher low-end torque
at the cost of increased piston
speeds and reduced revving
ability. It is opposite to short
stroke engine: Động cơ có hành
trình pít-tông dài
loom n. = wiring harness: Búi (bó)
dây điện
loop scavenging n. method of
scavenging used on two-stroke
motorcycle engines: Quá trình
quét khí kín (hai kỳ)
loosen v. to make (something) less
tight; to slacken: Nới lỏng.
lorry n. large motor vehicle for
carrying goods. In US English,
which is always truck: Xe tải
lost-core technique n. method of
producing thermoplastic inlet
manifolds: Phương pháp chế tạo
ống góp hút bằng nhựa
l lost-foam casting (process) n.
casting method using foamed
plastic cores, giving the surface
of the casting the appearance
of styrofoam; used for engine
272
lowball
blocks: Phương pháp đúc dùng
lõi nhựa bọt
loud pedal n. (informal) accelerator
pedal: Bàn đạp ga
louvre or (US) louver n. (a) air
ventilation slot stamped in several
rows into bonnets and bootlids
(b) = VENT: Lỗ thông hơi
Low (L) n. (automatic transmission)
driving gear ratio for hilly terrain;
the top gear is not engaged, and
the engine brake takes effect: Tay
số thấp, tay số L
low-bake booth n. closed section
in painting lines in a paint shop,
in which coats of paint are dried
at low temperatures: Phòng sấy
chậm
l low-bake equipment = equipment
for drying coats of paint at low
temperatures: Thiết bị sấy sơn ở
nhiệt độ thấp
l low-bake paint = respray paint
baked at 800C, giving a high-
quality finish but requiring suitable
low-bake spray booths/ovens:
Sơn nóng
lowball n. (US) in car sales,
the practice of stating a very
low price for a new car to a
customer who is known or
expected to be comparison
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
 low battery
shopping: Đề nghị giá thấp khi
biết khách hàng so giá
low battery n. nearly flat battery: Ắc
quy yếu
low beam n. In US English, it is
dipped beam: Đèn cốt, đèn chiếu
gần
low-carbon steel n. steel containing
0.03 to 0.3 percent carbon
(typically 0.2%): Thép cacbon
thấp
low-density polyethylene (LDPE)
n. a relatively soft, flexible
polyethylene, used mainly for
plastic film and sheet: Nhựa tổng
hợp tỷ trọng thấp
low-emission a. generally, releasing
relatively few pollutants into the
environment: Mức ô nhiễm thấp
của khí thải
lower dead centre (LDC) n. =
bottom dead centre: Điểm chết
dưới
lower front panel n. = front apron:
Tấm chắn phía trước
low fuel indicator n. warning light
which comes on when fuel is
getting low (usually indicating,
when the light first comes on, that
there is still sufficient fuel to travel
at least 25-50 miles): Đèn báo
mức nhiên liệu thấp
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
low-pressure cut-out
low gear n. first or second gear,
used for driving off and climbing
steep hills. It is opposite to high
gear: Số thấp
l low geared a. characterized by
a small gearwheel (on an input
shaft) driving a large one (on the
output shaft), providing a high
gear ratio and high torque: Bánh
răng nhỏ truyền động bánh răng
lớn để tỷ số truyền lớn
low-loader n. lorry for heavy loads
with a low-level loading platform
and often an extension ramp or
lift-operated tailboard which can
be lowered to street level: Xe tải
có bửng sau hạ sát đất để lấy
hàng
low-maintenance battery n. battery
with removable vent caps that
only requires topping-up about
once a year: Ắc quy ít cần bảo
dưỡng
low oil sensor n. = oil level sensor:
Cảm biến mực dầu
l low oil warning light n. = engine
oil level warning light: Đèn báo
mực dầu
low-pressure cut-out n. device
which protects the air conditioning
system by switching the
compressor off when a pressure
loss occurs: Van áp suất thấp bảo
273
low-profile air cleaner
vệ máy nén (điều hoà)
l low-pressure foaming n. process
in which plastics are foamed
under low pressure (1-5 bar).
It is opposite to high-pressure
foaming: Sự tạo bọt của nhựa với
áp suất thấp
l low-pressure pump or low-head
pump n. pump used for low total
heads; in the case of centrifugal
pumps the low-pressure pump
has a nominal total head not
exceeding 80 m: Bơm áp suất
thấp
low-profile air cleaner n. usually a
circular, flat, chrome-plated air
cleaner, mounted on top of the
carburettor: Bộ lọc gió tròn trên
bộ chế hoà khí
low-profile tyre n. tyre with a
wide tread but no comparative
increase in height: Vỏ xe có gai
rộng nhưng không cao
low rider n. customized car lowered
to the extreme through body and
suspension modifications: Xe
được hạ thấp (khung)
low side n. (of air conditioning
systems) side between the
expansion valve or orifice tube
and the compressor; includes the
evaporator: Phần áp thấp của hệ
thống điều hoà nhiệt độ
274
lube
low spot n. indentation on a panel
surface: Vết lõm trên thân xe
low temperature activity n. denotes
the ability of a catalytic converter
to purify exhaust gases in the
warm-up phase following a cold
start: Khả năng hoá khử ở nhiệt
độ thấp
low temperature fouling n. = carbon
fouling: Đóng muội do nhiệt độ
thấp
low tension n. low voltage: Hiệu
điện thế thấp
low voltage circuit n. = primary circuit:
Mạch sơ cấp, mạch hạ thế
low zinc technology n. technology
used in present-day phosphating
processes: Công nghệ mạ kẽm
mới.
L-section ring n. special piston ring
characterized by its L-shaped
cross-section: Mặt cắt xéc-măng
dạng L
LT circuit n. = primary circuit: Mạch
sơ cấp
lube n. (informal) lubrication: Sự
bôi trơn
l lube oil = lubrication oil: Dầu
bôi trơn
l lube job = lubrication: Sự bôi trơn
l lubricant n. oily or greasy
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
lubrication lustre or (US) luster

substance used to reduce friction lug n. (a) device mounted on a

between parts or objects in rotating shaft or component
relative motion: Dầu nhờn, chất that engages in a recess of a
bôi trơn component to be driven: Mấu
l lubricate v. to cover or treat with khớp (trục)
a lubricant: Bôi trơn
luggage n. travelling bags or
l lubricating oil n. refined crude suitcases: Hành lý
oil used as a lubricant: Dầu bôi
l luggage carrier = rack bolted
trơn
on top of the boot lid for taking
l lubricating pressure = pressure of
luggage or the spare wheel (often
a lubricating oil: Áp suất dầu bôi
seen on old sports cars where
trơn
space was at a premium): Giá
lubrication n. covering or treating mang hành lý
moving surfaces with oil or grease
to keep them apart to reduce lugging n. In US English, it is
friction and wear: Sự bôi trơn labouring = cam đội

l lubrication film = coat of lubricant lug nut n. In US English, it is wheel

to reduce the friction created
when two surfaces move on one
another: Màng dầu bôi trơn
l lubrication point = place at which
to apply lubricant: Chỗ bôi trơn,
điểm bôi trơn
l lubrication pump = pump used
to supply oil to lubricating points,
particularly for plain bearings:
Bơm nhớt
l lubrication system = the system
in the engine that supplies engine
parts with lubricating oil to prevent
contact between any two metal
surfaces: Hệ thống bôi trơn
nut. Đai ốc cam
lumbar support n. seat support for
the lower back: Thanh chống
lưng ghế
luminance n. luminous intensity
of a surface in a given direction
per unit of projected area of the
surface, in candela per square
metre; not the same as the
apparent brightness: Cường độ
sáng
lustre or (US) luster n. reflected
light; sheen or gloss: Nước bóng,
vẻ rực rỡ

Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô 275

luxe (L) Lysholm supercharger

luxe (L) n. although the word means type supercharger similar to

luxury, it is often used to denote a the Roots compressor, but
rather basic model: Loại xe hạng more efficient and much more
sang
expensive Lysholm: Bộ tăng áp
Lysholm supercharger n. lobe- kiểu Lysholm

276 Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô

M macromolecule
Mm
M and S tyre n. mud and snow tyre;
winter tyre with a deep tread M
and S: Loại lốp xe đi trên bùn và
băng tuyết
machine screw n. screw with a
thread running the lengh of
the shank and available with a
variety of different heads: Vít
bắt vào kim loại
l machinists’ caliper n. measuring
tool with two curved arms for
inside or outside measurement;
the reading taken with the arms
is transferred to a steel rule or
micrometer to attain the exact
value: Compa đo trong và đo
ngoài
l machinists’ hammer = ball peen
hammer: Búa thợ máy có một
đầu tròn
MacPherson strut n. (suspension)
unitary construction of spring and
damper elements with the hub
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
carrier being attached rigidly
to the outer tubular member:
Thanh giằng MacPherson (hệ
thống treo)
l MacPherson strut tower = sheet
metal panel surrounding the
upper mount of the MacPherson
strut at the side panels of the
engine compartment; it may be
a separate panel fitted by spot-
welding or a deep-drawn section
of the side panel shaped to take
the upper strut end. It is also
called suspension leg turret. :
U bắt ống nhún trước (kiểu
MacPherson)
l MacPherson suspension =
suspension layout incorporating
MacPherson struts: Hệ thống
treo kiểu MacPherson
macromolecule n. any very
large molecule, such as a
synthetic polymer used in the
277
MAF
manufacture of plastic: Phân
tử lớn, đại phân tử
l macromolecular a. with very large
molecules: Với các đại phân tử
MAF = Mass Air Flow: Không khí
tính bằng khối lượng
MAG n. = magneto: Ma-nhê-tô (hệ
thống đánh lửa kiểu cũ bao gồm
cuộn dây, vít lửa và nam châm
vĩnh cửu)
magnesium wheel n. = alloy wheel:
Mâm bánh xe loại hợp kim
magnetic clutch n. = ectro- magnetic
clutch: Ly hợp loại điện từ
l magnetic (drain) plug n. plug
fitted in the sump to collect metal
debris: Nút từ tính trong các-te
dầu để hút mạt kim loại
l magnetic field n. the portion of
space found in the vicinity of
a magnetic body or a current-
carrying medium in which the
forces due to the body or current
can be detected: Từ trường
magnetic pick-up (assembly) n. pulse
generator consisting of a stator with
a permanent magnet and a rotor,
which induces an AC voltage in the
inductive winding by the periodical
change of the air gap between
stator and rotor: Cảm biến điện từ
loại nam châm cố định
278
magneto ignition
magnetic pick-up (tool) n. tool with
flexible or rigid shaft and magnetic
tip used to retrieve dropped nuts,
bolts, and other metal parts from
hard-to-reach places: Thanh dài
có gắn nam châm ở đầu để lấy
các vật rơi bằng sắt, thép
l magnetic screwdriver n.
screwdriver type tool with a
magnetized hexagon socket
end to accept and operate
hex shank bits and hold them
securely; often also with a
magazine handle for bit storage:
Tuốc-nơ-vít có nam châm
magnetized a. made magnetic: Bị
từ hóa
magneto or (informal) mag n. small
electric generator in which the
magnetic field is produced by a
permanent magnet; especially
used to generate the electric
current providing a spark for the
ignition: Ma nhê tô (máy phát
điện nam châm vĩnh cửu)
l magneto file n. tool for filing
ignition points and other small
objects: Giũa vít lửa (nhỏ)
magneto ignition n. compact
assembly of a magneto
generator, an ignition coil, and
a distributor: Bộ đánh lửa bằng
ma-nhê-tô
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
magnet sensor
magnet sensor n. = hall vane switch:
Cảm biến Hall
mag wheels or (informal) mags n. =
alloy wheels: Mâm bánh xe loại
hợp kim
main bar or bow n. (soft top) the
bar which carries the main load
when the hood is raised and
taut, and defines the hinge point
for the folding motion: Thanh
chống chính
main beam n. long-range setting
of a vehicle’s headlamp; as the
beam is directed straight ahead,
it will dazzle oncoming traffic if
used incautiously. In US English,
which is high beam. : Chùm sáng
chính (đèn pha)
l main beam indicator = blue
indicator light in the instrument
cluster which comes on when
the main beam is in use: Đèn báo
đang bật pha (trên tableau)
main bearings n. bearings bolted
to the underside of the cylinder
block, that located support the
camshaft: Bạc lót cổ trục chính
main combustion chamber n. with
diesel engines, the fuel may
be injected in three different
locations: in the prechamber,
the swirl chamber, or the main
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
main sun visor
combustion chamber (for direct
injection engines), depending on
the process used: Buồng cháy
chính
main jet n. main jet in a carburettor
through which most of the fuel
flows: Lỗ tia chính trong bộ chế
hòa khí
main mixture discharge nozzle n. jet
through which the petrol and air
is fed into the carburettor barrel
where it becomes the air / fuel
mixture: Vòi phun chính trong
bộ chế hòa khí để phun hỗn hợp
nhiên liệu
main regulating system n. the
carburettor components are
divided into the fuel intake control,
the main regulating system, the
idle system includes the main jet,
jet needle, needle jet and throttle
valve, whose purpose is to
provide an appropriate amount of
fuel and air to the carburettor: Hệ
thống điều tiết nhiên liệu chính
trong bộ chế hòa khí
main shaft n. gearbox output shaft:
Trục ra của hộp số
main sun visor n. in dual visor
system, the main visor is moved
sideways and the secondary visor
is flipped down, thus shielding the
driver from the sun from both the
279
maintenance
front and side: Tấm che nắng
maintenance n. the work undertaken
by a car owner to keep his vehicle
in good working order; typically
checking the tyres, lights, oil and
coolant levels, windscreen wipers
and seat belts: Sự bảo dưỡng,
bảo trì
l mainternance-free a. requiring
no work in order to be kept
operational: Không cần bảo
dưỡng
l maintenance-free battery = trên đường ống nạp
battery with a permanently sealed
top, thus requiring no topping-
up: Bình ắc quy không cần bảo
dưỡng
l maintenance manual n. book
of instructions detailing routine
maintenance: Sổ tay bảo dưỡng
major diameter n. diameter
measured from the crest of a
thread to the corresponding crest
on the opposite side of the bolt or
screw: Đường kính đỉnh ren
male thread n. = external thread:
Ren ngoài
man (short for) manual gearbox:
Hộp số thường
manganese phosphate coating
n. phosphate coating with
added manganese to increase
280
manual
resistance to wear and fatigue:
Lớp phủ Photphat có thêm
Mangan để chống mòn và tăng
độ bền mỏi
manifold n. a casting connecting
a series of inlets or outlets to a
common opening: Ống góp
l manifold absolute pressure (MAP)
sensor n. sensor which transmits
data referring to the inlet manifold
vacuum to the engine controller:
Cảm biến đo áp suất tuyệt đối
l manifold heater n. system used to
improve the cold start behaviour
of an engine, consisting of heating
ducts incorporated into the inlet
manifold that are connected to
the water coling system of the
engine; alternatively, an electric
heater may be used: Bộ sưởi
đường ống nạp
manoeuvre v. to drive or steer a
vehicle around obstacles or in a
confined space: Điều khiển xe
vòng qua chướng ngại vật
manoeuvrability n. the ease
with which a vehicle can be
manoeuvred: Tính linh hoạt, tính
dễ lái của xe
manual 1 a. done by hand: Được
làm bằng tay
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
manual-crank window
2 n. (a) book of instructions: Sách,
tài liệu hướng dẫn
(b) = manual gearbox: hộp số điều
khiển bằng tay (hộp số thường)
(c) (informal) car with a manual
gearbox: Xe sử dụng hộp số
thường
l manual-crank window n. =
manually operated window: Cửa
kính xe quay tay.
l manual gearbox or US manual
transmission n. set of movable
gears permitting the speed ratio
between input and output shafts
to be changed manually and at
will: Hộp số thường
l manually operated window n.
window operated by turning
a level by hand: Cửa kính xe
quay tay
l manual panel cutter n. cutting
tool drawn manually across
a panel surface to cut to the
desired shape: Thiết bị cắt khung
bằng tay
l manual transmission n. In US
English, it is manual gearbox:
Hộp số thường
l manual valve (MV) n. (automatic
transmission control) distributes
line pressure to the various
control valves and pistons which
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
marbling
operate the multi-plate or band
brakes or the clutches; operated
by the driver via the selector
lever: Van điều khiển bằng tay
(điều khiển hộp số tự động)
l manual version n. passenger
car with a manual gearbox: Thế
hệ xe dùng hộp số thường
manufacturer’s performance ratings
n. performance data as specified
by the car manufacturer: Thông
số kỹ thuật xe (từ nhà sản xuất)
MAP = Manifold Absolute Pressure:
Áp suất tuyệt đối trên đường
ống nạp
map-controlled or mapped ignition
(system) n. microprocessor-
controlled ignition system with
electronic ignition timing by
means of an ignition map stored
in the control unit memory: Hệ
thống đánh lửa được điều khiển
bởi máy tính với góc đánh lửa tối
ưu được nạp trong bộ nhớ
map light n. interior light to facilitate,
for example, map reading: Đèn
trong xe để xem bản đồ
mapping n. = characteristic map:
Đặc tuyến đánh lửa sớm nạp vào
EPROM dưới dạng bảng
marbling n. producing a special
decorative effect with rotating
281
marker light/ lamp
brushes: Đánh bóng bằng bàn
chải xoay
marker light/ lamp n. = side marker
light/ lamp: Đèn kích thước bên
hông xe
Marles steering n. form of cam-and-
roller steering Marles: Hệ thống
lái Marles dạng cam – con lăn
marque n. ‘name’ of a car (such
as ‘MG’), which is an important
marketing tool, and inspires
customer loyalty: Nhãn hiệu xe,
mác xe
mask v. to cover the surrounding
area when paint spraying to
protect it from splashes: Che kín
vùng gần chỗ sơn
l masking tape n. adhesive tape
used to cover surfaces that
border an area to be painted, so
as to protect them: Băng keo dán
để che vùng gần chỗ sơn
mass airflow meter n. device for
measuring the mass flow of air
into an engine (MAF): Cảm biến
đo khối lượng khí nạp
l mass damper n. device which
reduces or prevents vibrations
or oscillations, usually a weight
which counteracts (balances)
undesirable motions; used on
drive shafts of some FWD cars:
282
master con rod
Bộ giảm rung dùng khối lượng
cân bằng
l mass-produced car n. car which is
manufactured in great numbers
to a standard pattern and with
extensive mechanization: Ô tô
được sản xuất hàng loạt
l mass tone n. (colour matching)
the tone of a paint as it appears
from the colour of the paint
in the can; this is required for
formulating the ingredients of a
paint tone: Tông màu nền
l mass transit system n. system
designed to transport large
numbers of people (or goods):
Hệ thống được thiết kế để
chuyên chở nhiều người hoặc
hàng hoá
master con rod n. in two-stroke dual
piston engines, the connecting
rod that is articulated directly
on the crankshaft: Thanh truyền
chính (hai kỳ)
l master cylinder n. large cylinder
in a hydraulic system in which the
hydraulic fluid is compressed by
a piston: Xi-lanh cái (phanh)
l master model or master pattern
n. first precision model of an
automobile based on a clay
model or CAD-data; essential for
the manufacture of prototypes:
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
mastic seam sealant
Mô hình mẫu ô tô bằng đất sét
hoặc máy tính
l master vac (servo unit) n. =
vacuum brake booster: Bộ trợ lực
phanh dùng chân không
mastic seam sealant n. soft
waterproof sealant for joints: Chất
matit làm kín mối nối
mat (t) a. (of a finish) dull, not
shiny: Mờ
mate v. to fit together: Rà
l mating a. fitting together;
matching: Ăn khớp với nhau
l mating gears = gears which mesh
together: Bánh răng ăn khớp
l mating surface = surface which
interacts perfectly with another:
Bề mặt ăn khớp
l mating thread = thread which
engages with a corresponding
thread, such as the female and
male threads of a nut and bolt:
Ren ăn khớp
maximum (brake) power n. maximum
power of an engine as measured
by a dynamometer: Công suất tối
đa đo bởi máy đo công suất
mean effective pressure (MEP) n.
average pressure on a piston in
a cylinder during a power stroke:
Áp suất hiệu dụng trung bình
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
mechanical advance
l mean indicated pressure n.
mathematical value that indicates
the relation between the effective
area of the work diagram of
the two-stroke engine and the
movement of the piston: Áp suất
chỉ thị trung bình
mechanic n. person who works on
engines or machines: Thợ máy
l mechanic’s stethoscope =
sonoscope: Ống nghe của thợ
máy
mechanical advance n. = centrifugal
advance (mechanism): Cơ cấu
đánh lửa sớm ly tâm kiểu cơ khí
l mechanical efficiency n. ratio of
brake horsepower to indicated
horsepower: Hiệu suất cơ
(động cơ)
l mechanical (face) seal n. shaft
seal consisting of two highly
polished mating surfaces, one
surface being connected to the
shaft (rotating element) and the
other to the casing (stationary
element): Miếng đệm kín
đầu trục
l mechanical galvanizing n. =
mechanical plating: Mạ (tráng
phủ bề mặt) cơ khí
l mechanical ignition timing n.
centrifugal and vacuum advance:
283
megajoule
Sự điều chỉnh góc đánh lửa sớm
bằng cơ khí
l mechanical plating n. deposition
of zinc on another material by a
cold-peening process, such as
tumbling: Mạ cơ khí
l mechanical surface treatment
n. producing a dull or rough
surface or a decorative finish by
grinding, brushing, polishing or
abrasive blasting: Xử lý bề mặt
bằng cơ khí
megajoule (MJ) n. SI measurement
of energy (= 1000,000 joules):
Đơn vị đo năng lượng theo hệ SI
member n. general term that
refers mainly to the side rails and
crossmembers but also to any
structural hollow-section part on
a car: Chi tiết trên khung
l member of the gear train n. sun
gear, internal gear, and planet
carrier are the members of a
planetary gear train: Chi tiết của
bộ bánh răng truyền động
memory button n. button which
operates the position of electric
seats, mirrors, etc. and which
stores the requirements of a
particular driver in its memory:
Nút chọn vị trí trong hệ thống điều
khiển ghế bằng máy tính
284
metal catalyst
MEP = Mean Effective Pressure: Áp
suất hiệu dụng trung bình
mercury switch n. safety switch to
prevent erroneous deployment of
the air bag: Công tắc thủy ngân
(trong điều khiển gối hơi)
mesh v. to engage, which is opposite
to disengage: Làm cho ăn khớp
l meshing drive n. device for
engaging the starter pinion with
the flywheel ring gear: Sự truyền
động ăn khớp
l meshing spring n. component
of a pre-engaged starter which
ensures that the shift lever will
move to its final position and that
the starter current will be switched
on incase of tooth abutment: Lò
xo trả khớp đề
message centre n. usually a multi-
functional display of a diagnostic
system: Màn hình chẩn đoán đa
chức năng
metal catalyst n. catalyst whose
active phase is supported by a
metal substrate, i.e. sheet steel:
Chất xúc tác có nền kim loại
l metal cutter n. bench tool for
cutting sheet metal: Bàn cắt tấm
kim loại
l metallic a. referring to or consisting
of metal: Thuộc về kim loại
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
metallic finish
l metallic drive screw = thread-
cutting screw: Ta-rô
metallic finish or metallic paint n.
paint type incorporating small
metallic flakes which reflect light,
which is opposite to solid paint:
Lớp sơn ánh kim
metallize v. to coat or impregnate a
metal or non-metal surface with
metal, as by metal spraying or
by vacuum evaporation: Phủ
kim loại
metallographic examination n.
test to determine the structural
composition of a metal as shown
at low and high magnification
and by X-ray diffraction methods:
Sự kiểm tra cấu trúc tế vi của
kim loại
metal mesh n. = wire mesh: Lưới
kim loại
l metal monolith n. = metal support:
Lớp nền kim loại trong vi mạch
l metal shears n. scissor-like
hand tool for cutting sheet
metal. It is also called snips:
Kéo cắt kim loại
l metal spraying n. coating
of surfaces with droplets of
molten metal or alloy by using a
compressed gas stream: Sự phun
kim loại
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
methanol
l metal support n. (in a catalytic
converter) thin corrugated strips
of steel alloy rolled up into a tight
coil as a support for the catalyst:
Giá đỡ chất xúc tác
l metalworking n. forming and
shaping metal: Công nghệ kim
loại
meter 1 n. device for measuring the
quantity of a substance passing
through it: Thiết bị đo lưu lượng
2 v. (a) to measure with a meter: Đo
đạc
l metering port n. part of the
metering unit in the fuel distributor:
Lỗ định lượng (phun K)
metering unit n. unit which regulates
the quantity of fuel injected in the
K-jetronic system: Bộ phận định
lượng xăng phun (K)
metering valve n. valve positioned
in the hydraulic line to the front
brakes, on some cars with front
disc and rear drum brakes: Van
phân phối (phanh)
methacrylate n. polymer used in
toughening rubber: Chất nhựa
độn làm cứng cao su
methanol n. used in petrol/
alcohol blends, in a variety of
concentrations blended with
unleaded petrol and solvents; a
285
methylated spirits
typical methanol content is 3%;
use of petrol blends with methanol
will void the new car warranty
of most car manufacturers. It is
formerly called methyl alcohol:
Rượu methanol
methylated spirits n. almost pure
alcohol (which has wood alcohol
and colouring added to make it
unfit for human consumption);
used for cleaning: Cồn pha màu
(dùng để làm sạch)
metric thread n. one of two
commonly used screw threads:
Ren hệ mét
metro driving n. In US English, it is
urban driving: Lái xe ở trung tâm
đô thị
MF = Multi-Focal: Nhiều tiêu điểm
l MF headlight = conventional
headlight with a multiple-focus
parabolic reflector: Đèn đầu xe
loại nhiều tiêu điểm
MG (short for) Morris Garages; a
popular old British sports car
marque Morris Garages: Một loại
xe thể thao cổ nổi tiếng của Anh
microbial corrosion n. corrosion
associated with the action of
micro-organisms present in the
corrosion system: Sự ăn mòn do
vi sinh
286
MSTS
microcar n. small car, popular in
the 1950s, that featured a body
offering full-weather protection
and mechanics often derived
from motorcycle technology, e.g.
Goggomobil, BMW Isetta, etc.:
Xe ô tô rất nhỏ
microgalvanic cell n. = local cell:
Pin cục bộ
micrometer n. (a) instrument for
taking very small measurements,
such as measuring the width
or thickness of very thin pieces
of metal, etc. (b) micrometre:
Panme, vi kế
l micrometer (type) torque wrench
= click-type torque wrench: Cần
siết lực có thang đo dạng vạch
chia
micrometre or micron n. unit of
measurement of thickness (=
one thousandth of a milimetre):
Micromet
micro oil filter n. special oil filter
designed to trap particles down
to 1 micrometre in order to allow
extended oil change intervals in
the order of 60,000 miles without
affecting engine life: Bộ lọc dầu
tinh
MSTS = Microprocessor Spark
Timing System n. = mapped
ignition system: Hệ thống điều
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
mid-engine car
khiển thời điểm đánh lửa bằng vi
xử lý
mid-engine car n. car whose
engine is located behind the
passenger compartment but
within the wheelbase: Xe có
động cơ đặt ở giữa
mid-size car n American car
category which encompasses
practically all cars which would
be considered large outside the
USA; some typical examples are:
Audi 100/200, BMW 7-series,
Buick Regal, Dodge Dynasty, Ford
Taurus, Mazda 626, Mercedes
S-class (at least prior to 1991),
Mercury Cougar, Oldsmobile
Cutlass, Pontiac 6000, Volvo
740/940: Ô tô cỡ trung
mid-range n. middle of the rev range,
around 3000 rpm: Số vòng quay
trung bình
midbed n. in dual bed catalytic
converters with air injection, the
plenum between the three-way
catalyst and the conventional
oxidation catalyst, into which
secondary air is injected: Ngăn
giữa bộ xúc tác ba ngã
midrange torque n. pulling power
of the engine in the middle of the
rev range: Mô-men quay ở số
vòng quay trung bình
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
mileage
MIG = Metal Inert Gas: Kim loại khí
trơ (que hàn)
l MIG welding = arc welding
method in which the electric
current is provided by the filler
metal wire which is cooled and
shielded from the access of air
by a stream of chemically inert
gas, thus preventing oxidation of
the joint: Kỹ thuật hàn MIG (dùng
que hàn và khí trơ)
migrate v. (of electrophoretic paint)
to be attached to car bodies when
they are immersed in a bath of
paint with an applied polarity
across the bath and the bodies:
Được bám sơn (điện)
mild steel n. type of steel with
a low carbon content (0.1-
0.25%), widely used in vehicle
construction: Thép ít cacbon
mile n. Dặm Anh, một dặm = 1.609m
mileage n. (a) distance measured
in miles, as by a mileometer:
Khoảng cách đo bằng dặm Anh
(b) the total number of miles a motor
vehicle has travelled: Tổng số
dặm mà xe đã đi
(c) the number of miles a motor
vehicle travels on one gallon of
fuel: Số dặm xe đi trên một gallon
nhiên liệu
287
mill
l mil (e) ometer n. device that
records the number of miles
travelled: Đồng hồ đo số dặm đã
đi được
mill 1 v. (a) to grind, press or
reduce to powder: Xay, nghiền to
shape or cut metal: Cán
2 n. (a) = milling cutter: Lưỡi
cắt răng, dao cắt răng, lưỡi phay
(chạy tròn)
(b) = milling machine: Máy phay
(bào)
l milled glass fibre n. chopped
strands of glass fibre which vary
in length from 3 mm to about 50
mm: Sợi thủy tinh
l milling cutter n. rotating, toothed
cutter in a milling machine, used
to cut or shape metal: Lưỡi phay
l milling machine n. machine
tool with a table on which rests
material which is cut by a rotating
cutting tool held by a horizontal
arbor or vertical spindle: Máy
phay (bào)
l millsaw file n. flat hand file
with round or square edges for
sharpening saw blades or machine-
cutting knives: Dũa mài dao cắt
milliampere n. thousandth of an
ampere mA): Đơn vị đo cường
độ dòng điện mA
288
mini catalytic converter
l milliammeter n. ammeter with a
milliampere scale: Thiết bị đo
dòng có đơn vị mA
milligram n.unit of measurement of
weight (= one thousandth of a
gram): Đơn vị đo trọng lượng
millilitre n. unit of measurement
of liquid (= one thousandth of a
litre): Đơn vị đo thể tích
millimetre or US millimeter n. unit
of measurement of length (= one
thousandth of a metre): Đơn vị
đo chiều dài
mineral oil n. light lubricating oil
refined from crude oil: Dầu bôi
trơn nhẹ (từ dầu thô)
Mini n. very successful, small British
front-wheel drive car designed
in 1959 by Sir Alec Issigonics
(1906-88): Nhãn hiệu xe Mini
minibus n. small, single-decker bus
designed to carry around 12-20
people: Xe buýt nhỏ
minicar n. very small saloon car,
carrying no more than four adults:
Xe ô tô nhỏ
mini catalytic converter n. usually
used as a primary catalytic
converter and installed close to
the engine in the headpipe: Bộ
xúc tác nhỏ
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
miniframe
miniframe n. = suspension subframe:
Sườn khung phụ của hệ thống
treo
mini-grinder n. = angle grinder: Máy
mài góc
Minilite (alloy wheel) n. a true
magnesium wheel, developed
for the Mini in 1962 by nuclear
engineer Derek Power on the
basis of experience gathered
with magnesium components in
nuclear power plants; the Minilite:
Mâm hợp kim Minilite
mini spare wheel n. = tempa spare
wheel: Bánh xe dự phòng
mini tube cutter n. compact tube
cutter for cutting brass, copper,
plastic, or thin steel tubing in
confined areas: Dao cắt ống nhỏ
minivan n. minibus-sized van with no
side windows, used to transport
goods instead of people: Xe van
loại nhỏ không có cửa hông dùng
chở hàng
minor diameter n. diameter
measured from the thread root
to the corresponding root on the
opposite side of the bolt or screw:
Đường kính chân ren
mint condition n. (in) perfect
condition, as brand new: Tình
trạng hoàn hảo như mới tinh
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
mixed-flow impeller
mirror n. car mirrors can be either
interior or exterior: Gương
chiếu hậu
misalignment n. general term
referring to all types of frame
damage caused by accidents:
Khung xe bị lệch do tai nạn
misfire 1 v. (of the air/ fuel mixture)
to fail to ignite properly (often
resulting in a backfire): Không
cháy hỗn hợp (động cơ)
2 n. the act of misfiring: Sự bỏ máy
miss v. = misfire
mist action n. In US English, it is
intermittent wiper control: Bộ điều
khiển chế độ ngắt quãng của cần
gạt nước
mixed-flow impeller n. pump impeller
which combines radial and axial-
flow principles, i.e. liquid flows
both along the drive shaft and
out through the impeller; pump
impellers are classed as mixed-
flow when the specific speed is
2,000 to 6,000 rpm: Cánh bơm
xiên (kết hợp dọc và ngang)
l mixed-flow pump = centrifugal
pump which develops its head
partly by centrifugal force and
partly by the lift of the vanes on
the liquid: Bơm ly tâm
l mixing chamber n. (a) that part
289
mixture
of a carburettor distinct from the
float chamber both in function
and layout, in which the air and
the fuel mix as they meet: Buồng
hòa trộn (chế hòa khí)
(b) (of a catalytic converter) = midbed:
Ngăn giữa bộ xúc tác ba ngã
l mixing head n. head of an oxy-
acetylence torch by which the
mixture of oxygen and acetylene
can be adjusted: Đầu trộn khí của
mỏ hàn hơi
l mixing rolls n. machine designed
for the mixing and mastication of
the materials from which tyres
are made: Trục cán hòa trộn (làm
vỏ xe)
mixture n. (a) air/ fuel mixture in
an IC engine (b) (two-stroke
engine) mixture of oil and petrol
in the fuel tank of a two-stroke
engine; e.g. 1:50, i.e. one part of
oil is added to every 50 parts of
fuel: Hỗn hợp, hòa khí
l mixture control knob n. = choke:
Bướm gió
l mixture control screw n. adjusting
screw which controls the amount
of air/ fuel mixture supplied by
the idling circuit of a fixed-jet
carburettor: Vít điều chỉnh hỗn
hợp, vít xăng
290
model year
l mixture control unit n. unit
in the K-jetronic fuel injection
system which combines the fuel
distributor and the airflow sensor;
it monitors the rate of airflow and
meters the fuel supplied to the
injectors: Bộ điều chỉnh hỗn hợp
(phun K)
l mixture volume n. the quantity of
air/ fuel mixture: Lượng hỗn hợp
mobile home n. (US) caravan: Xe
rơ moóc dùng làm nhà ở, nhà lưu
động
l mobile phone n. cellular
telephone: Điện thoại di động
trên xe
l mobile two-way radio n.
receiver/ transmitter used for
CB communication: Máy thu
phát di động
mode n. way of operating: Chế độ
làm việc
model designation n. shortened
description of a particular model:
Mô tả ngắn về mẫu xe
model year (MY) n. a new model
year starts after the summer
break of the car production plant,
during which the assembly lines
are altered to accommodate the
changes introduced in the cars of
the next model year: Năm ra kiểu
xe mới
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
modular air strut monolith

modular air strut n. = self-levelling harden and strengthen steels in

(suspension) strut: Thanh tự cân high temperature applications,
bằng (treo) like exhaust valves: Molypden
(hóa học)
modulator n. (Automatic gearbox)
actuator used to transform l molybdenum piston ring or
inlet manifold vacuum into a (informal) moly ring = piston ring
mechanical motion, which in with a molybdenum coating: Bạc
turn can be used to move the pít-tông có lớp molypden phủ
connected modulator valve: Bộ ngoài
điều biến MON = MOTOR OCTANE NUMBER:
l modulator pressure = pressure Chỉ số ốc-tan động cơ
controlled by the actuator valve monkey wrench n. = ADJUSTABLE
and thus directly related to SPANNER: Mỏ lết
inlet manifold vacuum: Áp suất
monobloc casting or construction
điều biến
n. type of engine construction
l modulator valve = valve operated where the cylinders are cast in a
by the modulator to create single block which incorporates
modulator pressure by means of the crankcase: Cấu trúc động cơ
inlet manifold vacuum: Van điều với xi-lanh đúc liền với các-te
biến chân không
monocoque n. unitary design in
module n. electronic control which body and chassis are all
assembly: Bộ điều khiển điện tử one unit, which is also called
molecular weight n. the mass of a unitary construction: Thiết kế
molecule that may be calculated khung và vỏ nguyên khối
as the sun of the atomic weights Mono-Jetronic n. single point
of its constituent atom: Trọng injection system developed by
lượng phân tử Bosch: Hệ thống phun xăng đơn
mole grips or mole wrench n. locking điểm
pliers: Kìm khoá monolith n. single block of material;
molybdenum n. metallic element used to describe the (ceramic)
used in alloys, especially to base for the catalyst in one type

Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô 291

monomer
of catalytic converter: Lớp nền
cho bộ hoá khử
l monolithic converter = catalytic
converter with a catalyst-coated,
ceramic honeycomb monolith
through which the exhaust gases
pass: Bộ hoá khử dạng tổ ong
monomer n. a relatively simple
compound which can react
with itself to form a polymer or
with other monomers to form
a copolymer: Hợp chất đơn
phân tử
monotube damper or shock absorber
n. = single-tube shock absorber:
Phuộc nhún một ống
moped n. two-wheeled cycle with a
low powered motor (under 50 cc):
Xe gắn máy có công suất thấp
MOT = Ministry of Transport: Bộ giao
thông vận tải
l MOT certificate = certificate
awarded when a vehicle passes
an MOT test: Giấy chứng nhận
đã kiểm tra xe
l MOT test = annual road
worthiness test for all vehicles
over two years old, undertaken
by a garage approved by the
(currently named) Department of
Transport: Kiểm tra xe hàng năm
cho những xe quá hai năm
292
motor
motor n. (a) electric motor: Động
cơ điện
(b) engine: Động cơ
(c) motor car: Xe ô tô
l motorbike n. = motorcycle: Xe
gắn máy
l motor car n. a (usually) four-
wheeled road vehicle powered
by an IC engine and designed for
passengers: Xe ô tô
l motor caravan or (US) motor home
n. a self-powered (motorized)
caravan: Nhà lưu động
l motorcycle n. single-track vehicle
usually driven by a two-stroke
or four-stroke engine; often air-
cooled, less frequently liquid-
cooled and usually between 125
cc and1000 cc: Xe mô tô
l motor home n. In US English,
which is motor caravan
l motor insurance n. insurance
against damage to or damage
caused by a vehicle: Phí bảo
hiểm ô tô hai chiều
l motorist n. car driver: Người lái
xe ô tô
l motorized a. with a motor: Gắn
động cơ
l motor mechanic n. car mechanic:
Thợ máy
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
MOT test
l MON = Motor Octane Number
n. fuel octane rating determined
by the motor octane test, one of
many test procedures: Chỉ số ốc-
tan động cơ
l motor oil n. engine oil or gear
oil: Dầu nhớt động cơ
l motor scooter n. lightweight
motorcycle with small wheels,
an enclosed engine, open foot
platform and leg shields: Xe tay ga
l motor vehicle n. any automotive
vehicle that does not run on
rails; usually with rubber tyres;
such as cars, trucks, lorries and
motorcycles: Xe cộ (có bánh)
l motorway n. a multi-lane, main
road for fast-moving traffic (speed
limit 70 mph in the UK) with a
central reservation, and few exit
and entry points: Đường lớn
dành cho ôtô chạy nhanh; đường
cao tốc, xa lộ
MOT test see MOT
mould or (US) mold 1 n. hollow
form used to give a certain shape
to fluid or plastic material: Khuôn
2 v. to shape in a mould: Làm khuôn
l mouldability n. capacity for being
mould into a particular form: Khả
năng đúc được
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
Moulton Hydragas suspension
moulded part or moulding n.
plastic part produced by injection
moulding etc: Chi tiết làm bằng
nhựa đúc
moulding material n. moulding
materials are products which
can be moulded permanently
by a shaping process employing
mechanical forces within a given
temperature range into moulded
parts or semi-finished articles; in
some cases moulding materials
are used in a preformed state
(e.g. pelleted or granulated)
without their plastic mouldability
being appreciably impaired by
such preforming: Vật liệu đúc
l mould shrinkage n. (of
thermoplastics) the difference
in dimension between the cold
mould and the cooled moulded
part, expressed in % relative to
the dimension of the cold mould:
Tỷ lệ co của chi tiết đúc
Moulton Hydragas suspension n.
hydro pneumatic suspension
developed by Leyland: Hệ thống
treo Moulton Hydragas
l Moulton Hydrolastic suspension
= Hydrolastic suspension
developed by Leyland: Hệ thống
treo Moulton Hydrolastic
293
mount
mount v. to attach something to a
support: Lắp đặt, gắn
l mounting n. support to which or
by means of which something is
attached: Giá, khung
l mounting frame = floating-frame
disc brake in which the floating
frame is held by a casting which
is bolted to the steering knuckle
or other suspension part: Phanh
đĩa với khung treo
move off v. to start from rest; to
begin to drive away: Đi tiếp
moving contact n. component of a
solenoid switch; in a starter motor
it is designed for switching on the
electric circuit in the excitation
and armature windings: Tiếp
điểm di động (lá đồng trong rơle
cài khớp máy khởi động)
mpg (short for) miles per gallon;
measure of fuel consumption:
Đơn vị đo lượng nhiên liệu tiêu
thụ (số dặm chạy được trên một
gallon)
l mph (short for) miles per hour;
measure of vehicle speed: Đơn vị
đo tốc độ xe tính theo dặm
MPI = Multi-Point Injection: Phun đa
điểm
MSTS = Microprocessor Spark
Timing System: Hệ thống dùng
294
Multec
mạch vi xử lý điều khiển thời
điểm đánh lửa
mud and snow tyre = n. winter tyre
with a deep tread (M and S tyre):
Loại lốp xe đi trên bùn và băng
tuyết
l mudflap n. flexible rubber or
vinyl rear extension to the wheel
arch to protect the bodywork from
dirt and stones. In US English, it
is splash guard: Tấm chắn bùn
và đất đá
l mudguard n. curved part over
the wheels of a motorcycle to
minimize splashing: Vè xe gắn
máy
muffler n. In US English, it is
silencer: Ống giảm thanh (pô)
Multec (system) n. combined fuel
injection and ignition system
Multec: Hệ thống điều khiển tích
hợp cả xăng và lửa Multec
l multi-cut file n. = multi-purpose
file: Giũa vạn năng
l multi-disc a. = multi-plate :
Nhiều đĩa
l multi-entry n. (pump) = multi-
suction pump: Bơm nhiều lỗ hút
l multi-focal a. multiple-focus:
Nhiều tiêu điểm
l multi-focal headlight =
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
multi-function control stalk
conventional headlight with a
multiple focus parabolic reflector:
Đèn đầu nhiều tiêu điểm (phản
chiếu)
multi-function control stalk n. a
rodshaped control mounted on
the steering column near the
steering wheel: Công tắc dạng
ống dưới vô lăng
multigrade oil n. if an engine oil
meets the viscosity requirements
of several different single-grade
engine oil types it is referred to as
multigrade: Dầu nhớt đa cấp
l multigrip pliers n. pliers with an
adjustable head allowing different
jaw widths: Mỏ lết
l multi-hole nozzle n. two-, three-
or four-holed injector nozzle in a
direct injection engine: Vòi phun
nhiều lỗ tia
l multi-inlet pump n. = multi-suction
pump: Bơm nhiều lỗ hút
l multi-leaf spring n. leaf spring
made of several narrow, flat strips
(leaves): Nhíp nhiều lá
l multi-link independent rear
suspension n. special multi-
link rear suspension design,
developed by Mercedes-Benz for
the W 201 series: Hệ thống treo
sau độc lập nhiều khâu
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
multi-plate
l multi-link rear suspension =
general term for independent rear
suspension layouts incorporating
several control arms: Hệ thống
treo sau nhiều khâu
multi-piece rim n. rim type
incorporating at least one
demountable bead seat and/ or
rim flange to allow tyre mounting,
which is oppiste to one-piece
rim: Loại niềng xe tháo rời (nhiều
miếng)
multi-plate or multiple-plate clutch
or (US) multiple-disc clutch
n. clutch with more than one
driven plate, usually of the oil-
immersed type; frequently
used in motorcycle drive trains,
in automatic transmissions
of cars, in power distribution
systems of 4wd vehicles, and as
locking elements in limited-slip
differentials: Bộ ly hợp nhiều đĩa
ma sát
l multiple-disc limited-slip differential
= limited-slip differential incorpo-
rating multiple discs as locking or
slip-inhibiting devices: Bộ vi sai
giới hạn trượt nhiều đĩa
l multiple-point injection n. =
multi-point injection: Hệ thống
phun đa điểm
l multiple-spark (ignition) coil n. =
295
multi-stage pump MY

multi-spark (ignition) coil: Bô-bin Bơm nhiều tầng

dùng cho nhiều xi-lanh (đánh lửa
multi-storey car park n. car park
trực tiếp)
with many levels: Chỗ đậu ô tô
l multiplex technology n. in cars, nhiều tầng
connecting lamps, wipers, horn,
multi-suction pump n. centrifugal
etc. to a single power cable via
pump with several impellers
electronically controlled modules,
connected in parallel; i.e. the flow
making it easier to diagnose
is separated into two or more
faults and to service: Công nghệ
partial flows: Bơm nhiều lỗ hút
đa dẫn
mushroom-shaped dolly n. dolly
l MPI = multi-point injection n.
with a shank to allow it to be
petrol fuel-injection system in
hand-held or clamped in a vice;
which only air enters the inlet
a more or less rounded head may
manifold; as the air approaches
be fitted to one or both ends of
the inlet valve, an injection valve
the shank: Đe hình nấm
opens in the valve port, spraying
fuel into the airstream: Hệ thống l mushroom tappet n. tappet
phun đa điểm shaped like a mushroom located
on the underside of a pushrod
l multi-purpose file n. file (usually
operating the valves of a four-
flat) with faces featuring different
stroke engine: Con đội xú-páp
cuts, e.g. coarse cut on one side
hình nấm
and smooth cut on the other:
Giũa vạn năng l mushroom valve n. = poppet
valve: Xú-páp
l multi-spark (ignition) coil n. type
of ignition coil used in static high- mutual inductance n. takes place
voltage distribution, designed as when a current in one winding
a double-spark or four-spark coil: induces an EMF in another
Bô-bin cho hai hoặc bốn xi-lanh winding in the same magnetic
(đánh lửa trực tiếp) circuit: Cảm ứng tương hỗ

multi-stage pump n. pump with MV = Manual Valve: Van điều khiển

two or more stages (impeller/ bằng tay
diffusers or other pumping MY = Model Year: Năm ra kiểu xe
elements) operating in series: mới

296 Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô

N NCS
Nn
N = neutral (gear selector): Số N
trong dãy số của hộp số tự động
nail punch n. = drift punch: Kìm nhổ
đinh
natural frequency n. frequency at
which an object, circuit or system
oscillates or vibrates when set in
free vibration: Tần số dao động
tự do
l natural gas n. alternative,
environmentally friendly fuel
(mainly methane) which can
be stored under pressure in the
boot as compressed natural gas
(CNG): Khí đốt thiên nhiên
l naturally aspirated engine n.
conventional engine that takes
in air at normal pressure, i. e. not
turbocharged or supercharged.
It is opposite to forced-induction
engine: Động cơ không tăng áp
l natural oxide film or skin n.
transparent film which forms
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
naturally on an aluminium surface
due to oxidation: Lớp màng oxit
nhôm
l natural rubber (NR) n. rubber
which occurs naturally as a
product of the metabolism of
certain trees and plants, notably
trees of the Hevea brasiliensis
species: Cao su tự nhiên
l natural weathering n. corrosion
test by means of which the
corrosion resistance of a material
is tested in the open air: Kiểm tra
khả năng ăn mòn của vật liệu khi
để ngoài trời.
nave n. wheel hub: Trục bánh xe
l nave plate = hub cap: Nắp tròn
đậy trục bánh xe
NCM = NOx-Control Module: Bộ
kiểm soát khí NOx
NCS = Noise Cancellation System:
Hệ thống khử tiếng ồn
297
NDIR Analyser
NDIR Analyser n. Non-Dispersive
Infrared Analyser, used for
analysing concentrations of carbon
monoxide and carbon dioxide in
an exhaust gas sample: Máy phân
tích hàm lượng CO và CO2 trong
khí thải bằng tia hồng ngoại
NDT method n. non-destructive
testing method, such as
ultrasonic testing, X-ray testing,
dye-penetrant testing: Phương
pháp nghiên cứu không phá hủy
như dùng siêu âm, X-quang…
nearside (n/s) n. the side of a vehicle
nearest the kerb (when driving):
Phía xe gần sát với lề đường
necking n. when ductile test
specimens are subjected to a
tensile test, they exhibit necking
when the tensile force exceeds
the yield strength of the material;
necking results in a reduction of
area, measured in percent after
break of the specimen: Phần thắt
lại của vật mẫu khi thử sức căng
needle n. (a) indicator or pointer on
an instrument or gauge: Kim chỉ
báo, kim đồng hồ
(b) tapered, needle-shaped pin in a
carburettor jet: Kim ga
l needle bearing n. roller bearing
with long thin rollers: Ổ bi kim, ổ
bi đũa dài
298
negative plate
l needle-nose pliers n. = long-
nose pliers: Kìm mỏ nhọn
l needle valve n. (i) valve with a
needle-shaped pin that can be
moved to control the flow of a
fluid: Van kim trong hệ thống thuỷ
lực
(ii) in a carburettor, valve which
controls the amount of petrol
flowing from the pump to the float
chamber: Van kim trong bộ chế
hòa khí.
EGR valve n. = negative transducer
valve: Van tuần hoàn khí thải
l negative camber see camber: Độ
nghiêng vào trong của bánh xe
(góc camber âm)
l negative castor n. (steering
geometry) when an imaginary line
extended through the steering
axis meets the ground behind the
extended vertical axis through
the wheel centre: Độ nghiêng của
trục bánh xe hướng về trước (góc
castor âm)
l negative electrode n. = negative
plate: Bản cực âm (ắc quy)
l negative plate n. during battery
discharge, the grey plate which
acts as anode. It is opposite to
positive plate: Bản cực âm (bình
ắc quy)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
nerf bar NiCaSil

l negative spark n. a spark that bằng thép mạ crôm hoặc inox

jumps from the negative centre
Nernst equation n. relationship
electrode to the positive earth
showing that the electromotive
electrode of the sparking plug,
force developed by a dry cell is
allowing a reduction in the high
determined by the activities of the
voltage require: Tia lửa điện
reacting species, the temperature
phóng từ điện cực giữa của bu-
of the reaction, and the standard
gi với điện thế âm sang điện cực
free-energy change of the overall
bìa với điện thế dương
reaction: Công thức Nernst tính
l negative suction head n. = sức điện động của pin khô
suction lift: Chiều cao cột hút âm
neutral 1 a. (a) not having any
l negative terminal n. black battery marked characteristics: Không có
terminal with a minus symbol đặc điểm rõ rệt
indicating negative polarity: Cọc
l neutral handling = having neither
âm
oversteer nor understeer: Bẻ lái
l negative transducer EGR valve không dư cũng không thiếu
n. valve used on engines with
(b) having a pH of 7, i. e. neither
a relatively low back pressure to
alkaline nor acid: Trung tính (hoá)
provide the desired opening point
and exhaust gas recycling rate: 2 n. position of the gearbox in which
Van tuần hoàn khí thải no gear is engaged; indicated by
the letter N on automatic gear
l negative wheel offset or negative
selectors: Tay số N (số mo)
wheel dish(ing) n. = negative
offset new-old-stock part n. new genuine
spares for older models,
nerf bar n. (US) type of front bumper
referring mostly to spare parts
guard, typically made of chrome-
that are normally no longer
plated steel tubing; extends
produced: Phụ tùng mới cho các
horizontally from below front end
xe đời cũ không còn sản xuất.
and is curved upward; a pair of
nerf bars is usually braced by a NiCaSil n. nickel-silicon plating
horizontal crossbar. In Australian, used e. g. on the cylinder walls
which is called roo bar: Thanh đỡ of certain light-weight high-
va chạm (thanh cản trước) làm performance engines; reduces

Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô 299

nipple
weight and friction and improves
heat transfer: Lớp mạ nickel-
silicon trên thành xi-lanh
l nickel plating n. thin coating of
nickel deposited on a surface by
electrolysis: Lớp mạ kền
nipple n. (a) (lubrication) small,
one-way valve used for injecting
grease into a bearing: Núm tra
mỡ, núm vô mỡ
(b) (bleeding) short, steel tube
holding a thin rubber or plastic
tube used for bleeding hydraulic
fluid: Ốc xả gió
nippy a. (of a motor vehicle) small
and relatively powerful: Nhỏ
nhưng mạnh (xe)
nitriding n. (of a steel surface)
hardening by heating for several
hours in ammonia gas; used
on crankshafts: Tôi bề mặt trục
khuỷu bằng cách nung trong
amoniac
nitrocellulose paint n. paint giving
a deep, lustrous finish: Lớp sơn
nitơ xenluloza
nitrogen oxides (NOx) n. general term
for an unknown mixture of nitrogen
oxides, usually nitric oxide and
nitrogen dioxide: Khí nitơ oxit
noble metal n. precious metal (such
as gold, silver, mercury, platinum)
300
nominal capacity
which conducts electricity very
well, resists corrosion and is inert;
some are used as catalysts in
catalytic converters: Kim loại quý
no-claims bonus n. reduction in
insurance premiums because
no claims have been made: Tiền
thưởng (giảm tiền bảo hiểm) nhờ
lái xe an toàn
noise cancellation or reduction n.
the reduction of noise by means
of anti-noise loudspeakers: Khử
tiếng ồn
l noise cancellation system (NCS)
= Anti-Noise System: Hệ thống
khử tiếng ồn
nominal capacity n. = rated capacity:
Dung lượng định mức
l nominal diameter n. characteristic
value used for pipeline systems
to identify parts which belong
together such as pipes, pipe
joints, fittings, etc; a nominal size
for the inside diameter: Đường
kính định mức
l nominal engine speed n. = rated
speed: Tốc độ động cơ định mức
l nominal length n. (i) length of
the shank of screws/bolts with
flat bearing faces; (ii) length
of shank plus height of head of
countersunk bolts/screws; (iii)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
NDT
overall length of a stud minus the
length of the stud end: Chiều dài,
độ dài định mức của bu-lông
l nominal pressure n. = rated
pressure: Áp suất định mức
l nominal (thread) diameter n. =
major diameter: Đường kính (ren)
định mức
l nominal voltage n. = rated
voltage: Điện áp định mức
NDT = Non-Destructive Testing =
Kiểm tra không phá hủy
NDT METHOD: Phương pháp kiểm
tra không phá hủy
l non-dispersive infrared analyser
= NDIR analyser: Máy phân tích
khí thải dùng tia hồng ngoại
l non-ferrous metal n. metal that
is not based on iron; includes
aluminium, copper, magnesium,
etc.: Kim loại màu
non-self-priming pump n. a north-south layout
centrifugal pump which is unable
to evacuate and prime the suction
line without external assistance. It
is opposite to self-priming pump:
Bơm ly tâm không tự mồi
non-servo brake n. drum brake design;
each brake shoe is anchored,
therefore no shoe can assist in the
application of the other; one shoe
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
nose
is self-energizing, the other is not:
Phanh không trợ lực
Nordberg key n. round key: Chìa
khóa tròn
nordic anti-corrosion code n. (for
passenger cars) code developed
by the Scandinavian automobile
and consumer associations which
stipulates that, as of January 1983,
all cars must be free of surface
corrosion for three years and free
of perforation and weakening
damage for six years: Luật bảo vệ
người tiêu dùng ở một số nước
Bắc Âu quy định xe du lịch không
được rỉ bề mặt trong 3 năm, không
bị thủng trong 6 năm
normal zinc technology see low zinc
technology
l normally aspirated engine n. =
naturally aspirated engine: Động
cơ không tăng áp
n. engine
layout with the cylinders lying
lengthways from the front (north)
to the back (south). It is also
called longitudinal engine: Động
cơ đặt theo chiều dọc
NOS Part = New-Old-Stock Part:
Phụ tùng mới cho xe đời cũ
nose n. the front end of a vehicle:
Mặt trước của xe hơi
301
nose protector
l nose-to-tail n. driving mode
in rush-hour traffic; bumper-to-
bumper: Xe chạy nối đuôi nhau
l nose-up a. description of the
towing vehicle if the vehicle being
towed is too heavy: Tình trạng
của xe kéo nếu xe được kéo quá
nặng
l nose dive n. = brake dive: Phanh
bị đâm
l nosepiece n. insert for pop-rivet
pliers that is used to allow various
pop-rivet diameters to be used:
Đầu nạp ri-vê
nose protector n.cover, usually of
black soft plastic sheeting with
flannel-like backing, that fits
around the front end of a car. It is
also called nose bra: Vật bảo vệ
mũi xe bằng chất dẻo
nose weight n. vertical weight on the
centre of the towing ball exerted by
the vehicle being towed (on level
ground): Trọng lượng đứng ở tâm
móc kéo khi kéo xe
no-spin differential n. = limited-slip
differential: Bộ truyền động vi sai
giới hạn trượt
notchy a. (changing of gears) not
smooth, causing a slight crashing
of gears; often caused by the
clutch failing to disengage fully:
302
numberplate
Tiếng kêu khi vào số do ly hợp
không nhả hết
l NCM = NOx-Control Module =
digital ignition control module for
retrofitting to cars with Motronic
engine control; modifies ignition
timing characteristics for lower
NOx emissions: Bộ phận kiểm
soát khí NOx
nozzle n. jet, hole, or special fitting
at the end of a pipe for controlling
what comes out: Vòi phun
l nozzle restrictor n. restrictor in
the fuel filler neck of cars fitted
with catalytic converters that
prevents filling from leaded petrol
pumps, which have larger pump
nozzles: Lỗ đổ xăng dùng cho
xăng không chì (nhỏ hơn)
NR = Natural Rubber: Cao su thiên
nhiên
N/S = Nearside: Phía lề
nudge bar n. = nerf bar: Thanh cản
trước
numberplate n. plate on the front
and back of a vehicle, showing
its registration number. In US
English, it is license plate: Bảng
đăng ký (bảng số xe ô tô)
l numberplate lamp = lamp providing
white illumination of the rear
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
nut
numberplate: Đèn bảng số
nut n. small, metal block with a
threaded central hole so that
it can be screwed on to a bolt,
screw, etc.: Đai ốc
l nut cracker or splitter = tool used
to crack open stubborn nuts
without damaging the bolt or stud
thread: Dụng cụ đục đai ốc (khi
mở khó)
l nut driver or spinner = socket
driver: Cần siết nụ
l nut starter = tool used to hold
nuts for easy placement in tight
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
nylon nut
locations: Dụng cụ giữ đai ốc khi
siết những chỗ hẹp
l nut thread = internal thread of a
nut: Đường ren bên trong của đai
ốc
nylon nut n. self-locking nut with
nylon insert: Đai ốc tự hãm có
lồng ni lông
l nylon n. tough, versatile, synthetic
material; can be used in sheet,
fibre, or solid form: Ni lông
l nylon hammer = soft face
hammer with a nylon face: Búa ni
lông (nhựa)
303
obstruction spanner off-line

Oo
obstruction spanner n. bent ring Number (MON): Chỉ số octan
spanner for reaching around
OD = Overdrive: Số cao nhất trong
manifold and other obstacles to
hộp số tự động, số OD
work on parts with difficult access,
such as starter or alternators: outer diameter: Đường kính ngoài.
Cần siết dùng cho những vùng
odometer n. incorporated in the
động cơ khó luồn tay
speedometer, the odometer
OC = overhead camshaft: Trục indicates total mileage of the
cam trên nắp máy vehicle, in miles or kilometres,
ocean liner blast horn n. horn either mechanically or
which imitates the deep bellow electronically: Đồng hồ đo quãng
of an ocean liner horn: Còi xe bắt đường đã đi của xe.
chước tiếng còi hơi của tàu biển
OE = Original Equipment
octagonal (head) bolt n. bolt with (manufacturer): Thiết bị chính
an eight-sided head: Bu-lông đầu hãng (nhà sản xuất)
bát giác
offer up v. to bring a part close to
l octagon nut n. nut with eight-
or in contact with another, ready
sided: Đai ốc bát giác
to fit the pieces together: Lắp chi
ON = Octane Number. It is also called tiết này vào chi tiết khác
octane rating. The measure of
a fuel’s anti-knock rating; the off-line a. independent of the
average of Research Octane main production process line;
Number (RON) and Motor Octane characterized by a separate

304 Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô

off-road vehicle
operation: Hoạt động độc lập với
dây chuyền sản xuất
l off-line painting = painting of
parts, mostly plastic parts,
outside the actual painting line:
Sơn các chi tiết bằng nhựa
ngoài dây chuyền sơn
off-road vehicle n. 4wd vehicle
with locking differential for use
on rough terrain: Xe địa hình, xe
việt dã
offset 1 a. set at an angle or to one
side: Đặt một góc, một phía
2 n. (a) steering geometry, scrub
radius: Bán kính lái
(b) (wheel) the distance between
the centre line of the rim and the
attachment face of the wheel disc
at the wheel hub; this dimension
can either be positive, negative,
or zero: Khoảng cách giữa
đường tâm vành bánh xe với mặt
gá lắp đĩa bánh xe ở trục bánh xe
(khoảng cách này có thể dương,
âm hoặc bằng không)
offset angle n. angle of the offset
crankpins in V-engines: Góc lệch
khuỷu (trong động cơ chữ V).
offset crankshaft n. crankshaft
layout whereby the axes of the
crankshaft and the piston pin do
not intersect: Kiểu trục khuỷu
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
offside
mà trên hình chiếu tâm của trục
khuỷu không cắt ắc pít-tông
offset handle n. drive handle for
use with sockets, with one end
set at 90o to the handle: Tay quay
dùng cho tuýp có đầu lệch 90o
l offset power steering n. =
linkage power steering: Lái có trợ
lực liên kết bằng thanh lái
l offset screwdriver n. screwdriver
with either straight or cross-head
tips or a combination of both, and
the two ends set at right angles
to the shank: Tuốc nơ vít có tay
quay ngang
l offset twin n. typical motorcycle
engine with the two crankpins
offset by 1800: Loại động cơ xe
gắn máy có độ lệch giữa hai chốt
khuỷu bằng 1800
l offset wrench n. L-shaped tool
for turning recessed screws:
Thanh mở bu-lông chìm hình L
off shape or off colour n. colour
mismatch due to wrong paint
mixing or application: Sai màu
(sơn)
offside (o/s) n. side of the vehicle
farthest away from the kerb (when
driving): Bên xe xa lề đường (có
thể trái hoặc phải tuỳ theo tay lái
thuận hay nghịch)
305
 off-the-car balancing
off-the-car balancing n. balancing
the wheel after it has been
removed from the car. It is
opposite to on-the-car balancing:
Cân bằng động bánh xe ngoài xe
off-the-dolly panel beating n.
metalworking technique used
to hammer out dents in the
bodywork: Gò không dùng đe
OHC = Overhead Camshaft: Trục
cam trên nắp máy
ohmmeter n. instrument designed
for measuring electric resistance:
Ôm kế
OHV-engine n. = Overhead Valve
Engine: Động cơ có xú-pap trên
nắp máy
oil n. the oil used to lubricate an
engine (engine oil) is refined from
crude oil and apart from reducing
friction and wear, cools high-
temperature parts like bearings
and piston rings (as well as
sealing the latter against blow-by)
and helps to keep engines clean
and free from corrosion caused
by combustion gases: Dầu (nhớt)
bôi trơn động cơ
oil additive n. any one of a variety
of chemicals added to engine oils
to improve their performance:
Các chất phụ gia của dầu (nhớt)
động cơ
306
oil consumption
oil and water extractor n.
(compressor) = air transformer:
Bộ phận tách dầu(nhớt) và nước
trong máy nén
oil breather pipe n. crankcase
breather pipe used prior to
engine emission control systems
to remove fumes and pressure
from the engine crankcase. In US
English, it is road draft tube: Ống
thông hơi các-te
oil can n. (a) container with a
long, thin nozzle for lubricating
machinery
(b) shallow dent in a panel that
causes the panel to warp: Bình
dầu (nhớt) với vòi nhỏ và dài
oil change n. draining and replacing
the engine oil in regular intervals
(ideally every six months): Chu
kỳ thay dầu (nhớt), thời hạn thay
dầu (nhớt)
oil circulation n. passing of oil
round the engine: Sự lưu thông
dầu (nhớt) trong động cơ
oil consumption n. amount of oil
an engine uses: Độ tiêu hao nhớt
trong động cơ
l oil control orifice valve n. valve
located in the feed line between
cylinder head: Van tiết lưu dầu
(nhớt)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
oil cooler
l oil control ring = oil scraper ring:
Vòng găng gạt dầu (nhớt) (xéc-
măng dầu (nhớt))
oil cooler n. small, air- or coolant-
cooler, radiator-like device
designed too decrease the
temperature of the oil in the
engine to approx 185oF: Bình
giải nhiệt dầu (nhớt) (bằng nước
hoặc gió)
l oil cooler bypass valve = oil-
temperature controlled valve which
closes the oil circuit thought the oil
is still cold; similar function as the
thermostat in the engine cooling
system: Van hằng nhiệt trong bình
(két) giải nhiệt dầu (nhớt)
oil drain plug n. sump drain plug: Ốc
xả dầu (nhớt) các-te
l oil drain valve = valve in an
upright oil filter housing which lets
oil drain into the sump when the
filter element is removed; prevent
oil spill: Van dẫn dầu (nhớt) vào
các-te khi tháo lọc
l oil duct or oil passage or oil way
n. pipe or passage through which
oil flows under pressure: Ống
dẫn dầu (nhớt) hoặc đường ống
dầu (nhớt) hoặc rãnh dầu (nhớt),
đường dẫn dầu (nhớt)
l oiler n. (a) = cam lubricator: Bộ
phận bôi trơn cam (vít lửa)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
oil filter cartridge
(b) = oil can: Bình dầu (nhớt),
bình châm dầu (nhớt)
l oil filler cap n. cap covering the oil
filler hole: Nắp đậy lỗ châm dầu
(nhớt)
l oil filler hole = hole through which
oil is poured into the engine
(usually situated on top of the
rocker cover): Lỗ châm nhớt
l oil filter n. device for trapping
dirt in lubricating or hydraulic oil;
usually either a full- flow filter
or a bypass filter with the filter
elementmade of pleated paper,
gauze, ceramic or fine wire mesh:
Bộ lọc dầu (nhớt)
l oil filter bypass valve = valve in
or near the oil filter which routes
the oil unfiltered directly to the
lubricating points; it comes into
operation when the oil filter is
clogged so that pressure across
the filter is higher than the
pressure needed to overcome
the oil filter bypass valve spring:
Van an toàn trong lọc dầu (nhớt)
l oil filter cartridge = (1) the type
of oil filter usually used on
automotive engines which comes
complete with filter and housing,
and where both components are
replaced together: Hộp lọc dầu
(2) a paper or textile insert for
307
oil gallery
the oil filter housing (quite
commonly used on motorcycle
engines where e.g. the main
filter is a disposable cartridge,
while a filter screen is located
on the bottom of the oil pump):
Lưới lọc dầu (nhớt)
l oil filter housing = case
surrounding an oil filter: Vỏ bộ lọc
dầu (nhớt)
l oil filter wrench = special
automotive tool for the removal
and installation of oil filters; they
come in a variety of shapes,
e.g. as strap wrenches, chain
wrenches, or special cup-style
end cap oil filter wrenches: Khóa
mở lọc dầu (nhớt)
oil gallery n. passage running
the length of the cylinder block
through which oil under pressure
flows before passing into the
bearings (via holes in the cylinder
block): Mạch dầu (nhớt) trong
thân máy
l oil gauge n. OIL PRESSURE
GAUGE: Dụng cụ đo áp suất dầu
(nhớt)
l oil grade n. rating of an oil
according to its viscosity: Loại
dầu (nhớt) theo độ nhớt
l oil groove n. recess designed to
either accommodate or transport
308
oil pressure
lubricant: Rãnh dẫn dầu (nhớt)
để bôi trơn
l oil immersed clutch n. = WET
CLUTCH: Ly hợp ngâm trong dầu
(nhớt) (ly hợp ướt)
l oil level n. depth of oil in sump,
gearbox or rear axle: Mực dầu
(nhớt), mức dầu (nhớt)
l oil level gauge = dial on the
instrument panel that indicates
the oil level; operates when the
ignition is switched on and stops
shortly after the engine starts to
run: Đồng hồ báo mực dầu
l oil level sensor = sensor mounted in
the sump that supplies information
on the engine oil level to the
corresponding on the engine oil
level to the corresponding gauge:
Cảm biến mực dầu (nhớt)
l oil pan n. In US English, it is
sump: Máng dầu (nhớt)
l oil pick-up (pipe) n. pipe or tube
from the strainer to the oil pump in
the sump: (Ống dẫn) dầu (nhớt)
về bể chứa
l oil pressure n. the lubrication
point of the engine will only be
lubricated sufficiently if, in addition
to the oil quantity required, the oil
pressure is also sufficient; the oil
pressure is maintained by the oil
pump: Áp suất dầu (nhớt)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
oil pump
l oil pressure gauge: Áp kế dầu
(nhớt), đồng hồ áp suất dầu
(nhớt)
l oil pressure sensor = sensor
mounted above the oil filter that
supplies information on the engine
oil pressure to the corresponding
warning light: Cảm biến áp suất
dầu (nhớt)
l oil pressure switch = switch which
indicates a drop too below the
minimum permissible oil pressure
by illuminating the oil pressure
warning light: Công tắc áp suất
dầu (nhớt)
l oil pressure warning light
= instrument panel light the
illuminates when oil pressure falls
below a certain level: Đèn báo áp
suất dầu (nhớt)
oil pump n. pump which circulates oil
under pressure to the moving parts
of an engine; normally bolted to
the crankcase and located in the
sump; usually a gear pump: Bơm
dầu (nhớt) bôi trơn
l oil pump strainer = coarse-mesh
metal screen on the bottom of the
pick-up pipe that prevents foreign
matter (such as lost washers,
nuts and bolts) from entering the
oil pump: Vỉ lọc dưới bơm dầu
(nhớt)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
oil screen
oil rail n. the part of the oil ring
responsible for the seal between
piston and cylinder wall and
thus for the actual ‘scraping off’
of the oil: Gờ của bạc nhớt để
gạt nhớt
oil scraper ring n. piston ring whose
primary function is to control the
amount of oil that remains on the
cylinder walls: Xéc-măng dầu
(nhớt)
oil screen n. = oil pump strainer:
Lưới lọc dưới bơm dầu (nhớt)
l oil seal n. any seal that prevents
the leakage of oil but especially
the valve stem seal between the
valve and the cylinder head: Phớt
dầu (nhớt) xú-páp
l oil separator n. wire-mesh
filter used to trap oil in the fumes
drawn out of the engine by the
crankcase ventilation system:
Thiết bị tách dầu (nhớt) từ ống
thông hơi các-te.
l oil sludge n. thick deposits in
the sump and elsewhere, of dirt
and the products of combustion,
partial combustion and oxidation
of the oil (e.g. carbon particles,
unburned hydrocarbons and
oxides): Cặn dầu (nhớt)
l oil sump see sump: Các-te dầu
(nhớt) ở dưới
309
oleopneumatic suspension
l oil temperature gauge n. gauge
which indicates the temperature
of the engine oil: Đồng hồ đo
nhiệt độ dầu (nhớt)
l oil trap n. = oil separator: Dụng
cụ tách dầu (nhớt)
l oil way see oil duct: Rãnh dầu
(nhớt), đường dẫn dầu (nhớt)
oleopneumatic suspension n. =
hydropneumatic suspension: Hệ
thống treo thuỷ khí
ON = Octane Number: Chỉ số octan
on-board computer n. electronic
component used to control
vehicle electrical circuits, etc. and
to process data for instrument
panel gauges: Máy tính trung tâm
dùng để kiểm soát mạch điện và
xử lý số liệu cho tableau
l on-board diagnostic system n.
indicating devices on the car that
alert the driver when something
is wrong in the system: Hệ thống
chẩn đoán trên xe
one-coat finish n. finish consisting
of a single coat of paint: Lớp sơn
cuối (một lớp)
one-off n. a car or spare part of
which only a single unit is made:
Xe hoặc phụ tùng chỉ làm một lần
one-piece rim n. wheel rim
310
on-line
consisting of one part, designed
for tubeless type mounting: Niềng
xe liền
l one-piece rim designation =
coded description of a one-piece
wheel rim. It is opposite to multi-
piece rim: Thông số vành bánh
xe liền
one-piece wheel n. wheel with
a rim constructed in one piece
incorporating a well formation at
or near its centre to enable the
type beads to be mounted over
the rim flanges. It is opposite to
multi-piece wheel: Bánh xe liền
khối
one-way clutch n. mechanical clutch
which transmits power in one
direction of rotation only; when
torque is not applied, the driven
member rotates freely; used in
automatic gearboxes and the old
freewheel: Ly hợp một chiều
l one-way valve n. = check valve:
Van một chiều
on-line a. state in which a piece
of equipment or subsystem
is directly connected with or
incorporated into the main
system: Sự nối trực tiếp
l on-line painting = painting of
components within the actual
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
on-the-car balancing
painting line: Sự sơn trên dây
chuyền
on-the-car balancing n. balancing
the wheel whilst it is still attached
to the car. It is opposite to off-the-
car balancing: Cân bằng bánh xe
không tháo bánh
on-the-dolly panel beating
metalworking technique used to
tap out dents in the bodywork: Gò
khung dùng đe
on-the-road charges n.
charges, in addition to the list
price of a new car, to cover
delivery, numberplates and road
fund licence (tax disc): Phí lưu
hành
opacimeter n. instrument
measuring the content
particulate suspended in a fluid:
Dụng cụ đo độ đục của chất lỏng
open coil or open element glow plug
n. = wire glow plug: Bu-gi xông có
dây sinh nhiệt để hở
open-ended spanner n. spanner
with open jaws: Chìa khoá miệng
l opening cam/rocker n.
desmodromic engines, the cam/
rocker responsible for opening
the inlet or exhaust valve: Cam/
cò hở
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
opposite lock
open-loop n. without feedback
from e.g. oxygen sensor control
systems: Chu trình hở (không
khép kín)
l open-loop catalytic converter =
present converter which does
not use an oxygen-sensor control
system and thus operates without
n.
feedback: Bộ xúc tác chu trình hở
(không có cảm biến oxy)
(NOTE: opposite is computer-
controlled catalytic converter)
extra
opera light n. (US) decorated
courtesy light mounted on the
central pillar: Đèn trang trí
operating costs n. the costs of
running a car: Chi phí vận hành
for operating piston n. (automatic
of gearbox) piston which cause its
respective clutch (es), band or
multi-disc brakes to be applied
by converting fluid pressure into
mechanical force and movement:
Pít-tông trong mạch dầu thuỷ lực
(hộp số tự động)
opposite lock n. turning the
steering wheel in the opposite
with direction to that of the oversteer;
i.e. turning the wheel to the left if
the result of going round a right-
hand bend too fast has caused
the rear end of the car to skid:
311
optical check
Sự trượt đuôi xe khi đánh vòng
ngược tay lái
optical check n. either a (less
thorough) visual inspection or an
examination by means of optical
instruments: Kiểm tra chi tiết
bằng các thiết bị quang học
optimize n. to set at the best possible
value: Tối ưu hoá
optional equipment n. those parts
and systems of a vehicle which
are not supplied as standard
equipment by the manufacturer,
i.e they are not included in the
price for a given model. It is
opposite to standard equipment:
Trang thiết bị chọn thêm
OPUS = Oscillating Pick-Up Ignition
System n. ignition system where
the contact breaker and cam
are replaced by a timing rotor, a
pick-up module, and an amplifier
module: Hệ thống đánh lửa cảm
biến điện từ
orange peel effect n. (paint fault)
uneven formation on a film
surface, similar to that of an
orange skin: Lớp sơn lỗi giống bề
mặt vỏ quả cam
orbital sander n. flat, cushioned
plate covered with abrasive
paper, rotated with an elliptical
motion by an electric motor and
312
O-ring
used for fine sanding work: Dụng
cụ mài bằng giấy nhám
organic n. of chemical compounds,
based on carbon chains or rings
and containing hydrogen with
or without oxygen, nitrogen, or
other elements. It is opposite to
inorganic: Chất hữu cơ
orientation n. tendency of plastic
molecules if stretched, to align
themselves in the direction of the
stress: Sự định hướng của các
phân tử nhựa khi bị kéo
original condition n. description
of the condition of a car; the
car is in the state in which it left
the factory; it may be worn but
has neither been resprayed
nor reupholstered nor has
extensive welding been carried
out or modern accessories
fitted to change its standard
specifications: Tình trạng ban
đầu (của xe)
original equipment n. part used in the
manufacture of the vehicle, rather
than those added afterwards
(OE): Trang thiết bị gốc (dùng ở
nơi sản xuất xe)
O-ring n. annular seal, of round or
rectangular cross section and
almost any diameter; made of
rubber, neoprene, etc., or of soft
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
O/S
metal, such as copper: Vòng đệm
hình O (một loại vòng đệm cao
su hình chữ O được gắn ở rãnh
chung quanh đầu trục và trong vỏ
bọc trục để làm kín, không cho
dầu (nhớt) chảy ra)
O/S = Offside
Oscilloscope n. electronic
measurement device used to
display waveforms or traces of
signals: Dao động ký, máy hiện
sóng
OTG = OUTDOOR or OUTSIDE
TEMPERATURE GAUGE: Dụng
cụ đo nhiệt độ ngoài trời
Otto cycle n. another name for
the four-stroke cycle, named
after the German engineer Dr.
Nikolaus Otto (1832-1891) who
first patented the design in 1876:
Chu kỳ Otto (Chu kỳ 4 thì: hút, ép,
nổ, xả của động cơ, do nhà sáng
chế Dr. Nikolaus Otto, áp dụng
cho động cơ đốt trong)
outboard a. away from the centre
of the vehicle: Xa tâm xe
outdoor or outside temperature
gauge (otg) n. gauge which
indicates the ambient air
temperature outside the vehicle:
Dụng cụ đo nhiệt độ ngoài trời
l outer dead centre see BOTTOM
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
outer wrap
DEAD CENTRE: Điểm chết dưới
l outer diameter (OD) n. external
diameter of a cylinder or tube:
Đường kính ngoài
l outer electrode n. (a) = OUTER
TERMINAL: Cực ngoài
(b) = EARTH ELECTRODE: Điện
cực bìa
l outer envelope n. (of gas
discharge lamps) bulb which
protects and supports the arc
tube; either filled with gas or
evacuated to avoid oxidation of
the arc tube: Vỏ bóng đèn nạp khí
l outer headlight: Đèn pha phía
ngoài
l outer terminal n. electrode on the
inside of the distributor cap, one
outer terminal being assigned to
each sparking plug; the distributor
rotor distributes the firing voltage
from the central electrode to the
outer terminals. It is opposite to
centre electrode: Điện cực bìa
l outer tower n. socket on the
distributor cap corresponding
to the outer terminal, one per
cylinder, to connect the sparking
plug leads: Lỗ trên nắp delco để
cắm dây phin
l outer wrap n. (catalytic converter)
surrounds the converter shell,
313
outlet
serves as a retainer and provides
mechanical protection for the
insulation: Vỏ bộ xúc tác
outlet n. (a) (of 4-stroke engine) =
exhaust port: Cửa thải, ống thải
(b) last pipe of an exhaust system;
tailpipe: Ống pô
l outlet pipe n. pump discharge
pipe: Ống ra của bơm
l outlet side = that side of the pump
or pumping system on which the
liquid pumped leaves the pump or
system. It is opposite to suction
side. Bên xả
l outlet valve:
n. (a) = exhaust valve: Xú-páp thải
= discharge valve: Van thoát
outline v. to mould plastic material
around something: Phủ nhựa
out of round a. not circular: Không
tròn
l out of true a. inaccurately made
or incorrectly adjusted, e.g. of a
wheel with side –to-side deviation
or wobble: Lắp sai, chỉnh sai
l out of tune a. poorly tuned:
Hiệu chỉnh sai
output speed n. speed of the
transmission output shaft which is
transmitted to the driven wheels
314
overall gear ratio
via the final drive; as the final
drive provides a constant gear
ratio, output speed is proportional
to vehicle road speed: Tốc độ
trục ra của hộp số
outrigger n. a short angle or box
section member that runs across
part of the car: Thanh đỡ, giá đỡ
outside caliper n. machinists’
caliper used to check outside
dimensions: Compa đo ngoài
l outside spring caliper = outside
caliper with spring for accurate
setting: Compa đo ngoài có lò xo
giữ
l outside diameter n. the external
diameter of a cylinder or tube:
Đường kính ngoài
oval piston n. special piston
developed by Honda, able to
accommodate eight valves and
two sparking plugs: Pít-tông hình
bầu dục
overall gear ratio n. ratio of
engine revolutions to road wheel
revolutions, producing road
speed as a ratio of engine speed
(sometimes expressed as mph
per 1000 rpm): Tỉ số truyền động
(tỉ số giữa tốc độ động cơ và tốc
độ bánh xe) toàn phần (tốc độ
động cơ/ tốc độ bánh xe)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
overdrive
overdrive n. (a) transmission speed
which can be selected manually
and gives a ratio of less than 1:1,
i.e. the transmission output shaft
turns faster than the transmission
input shaft: Trục ra hộp số quay
nhanh hơn trục vào
(b) separate transmission installed
in the (rear) drive train giving
an overdrive reduction to direct
or direct and intermediate
gears; usually selected electro-
mechanically by means of a
button or switch located either
in the instrument panel or at the
gear lever: Số OD
overflow hose/pipe n. pipe to drain
off excess fluid, e.g. between the
radiator and the coolant reserve
tank, or in the float chamber if the
specified fuel level is substantially
exceeded due to a leaking needle
valve: Ống thoát, ống xả, ống tràn
overhang n. distance between the
outermost front or rear point of a
vehicle and the wheel centres of
the respective axle: Khoảng cách
từ tâm bánh xe đến cản trước
hoặc cản sau
overhaul v. to repair and restore
to (near) original condition: Đại tu
overhead camshaft n. type of
camshaft situated over the
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
overrev
valves (rather than in the side of
the engine), which is OC or OHC:
Trục cam trên nắp máy
overhead valve engine n. four-
stroke engine with the intake and
exhaust poppet valves located in
the cylinder head and not at the
side of the cylinder as in a side-
valve engine; the valve stems are
either at an angle or parallel and
the valve discs face the piston,
valve actuation pushrod and
swing arm (OHV). In US English,
it is I-head: Động cơ có xú-páp
trên nắp máy
overheat v. to make or become too
hot: Làm quá nhiệt, quá nóng
overinflated tyre n. tyre which has too
much air in it, causing premature
wear in the tread centre. It is
opposite to underinflated tyre:
Lốp xe bơm quá đầy không khí
(căng)
overlap n. = valve overlap: Góc
trùng điệp của xú-páp
overlay n. upper layer of a plain
bearing insert: Lớp vỏ ngoài của
ổ bi.
overload spring n. (chassis) spring
which acts only under heavy load;
prevents bottoming: Lò xo chịu tải
overrev v. to run engine above the
315
overrun
maximum recommended rpm:
Chạy quá vòng quay tối đa cho
phép (động cơ)
overrun (a) n.& v. a vehicle travelling
with no throttle and the engine
acting as a brake is said to be ‘on
the overrun’ or ‘overrunning’: Sự
chạy theo trớn
(b) v. (of a towed vehicle) to
travel faster than the towing
vehicle: Xe bị kéo chạy theo trớn
nhanh hơn xe kéo
overrun control valve n. valve
in a crossover pipe between
the compressor suction and
discharge sides of some
turbocharger systems: Van kiểm
soát vượt tốc của bộ tăng áp
overrun cut-off/ shut-off n. =
deceleration fuel cut-off: Sự cắt
nhiên liệu khi giảm tốc
l overrunning clutch n. (a) part of
a starter motor designed to avoid
armature damage caused by
severe overrevving: Ly hợp trượt
trong máy khởi động
(b) = one-way clutch (in automatic
transmission) device that
disengages the engine on
overrun: Bộ ly hợp một chiều
trong hộp số tự động.
l overrunning clutch starter n. =
PRE-ENGAGED STARTER: Máy
316
oversteer
khởi động với ly hợp một chiều
oversize piston n. piston with a
diameter slightly larger than that
of the standard piston, used in
order to allow for honing of the
cylinder walls: Pít-tông cho xi-
lanh lên cốt
l oversize valve guides n. valve
guide with a slightly larger outside
diameter than the standard valve
guide, used to repair worn valve
guides after their bores have
been reamed: Ống kềm xú-páp
có kích thước lớn để thay ống
kềm xú-páp bị mòn
overspray n. Undesirable spray
residues on adjacent panels and
car parts beyond the resprayed
area (countered by careful
masking): Lớp sơn lan sang chỗ
khác
over square engine n. Engine where
the bore size is lager than the
stroke: Động cơ có đường kính pít-
tông lớn hơn hành trình
oversteer 1 v. (of a vehicle) to turn
more sharply than the driver
intends (possibly causing the rear
of the vehicle to slide wide): Quay
vòng thừa
2 n. action of oversteering. It is
opposite to understeer: Sự quay
vòng thừa
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
overtake
overtake v. To pass another vehicle
going in the same direction: Vượt
overthin v. To add too much thinner
to paint: Cho quá nhiều xăng
thơm khi pha loãng sơn.
owner n. Somebody who actually
owns something, i. e. has the title
of property: Chủ nhân
l owner’s handbook = booklet
provided with a new car which
briefly describes the position
and operation of the various
instrument and switches, as well
as technical specifications and
some maintenance information:
Sách hướng dẫn người sử dụng
oxalic acid n. Acid used as an
electrolyte for anodising: Axít
oxalic
oxidation n. Chemical reaction
which increases the oxygen
content of a compound or in
which a compound or radical
loses electrons, i.e. In which the
positive valence is increased: Sự
oxy hóa, quá trình ôxi hóa
l oxide n. chemical compound of
oxygen with another element: Ôxit
l oxides of nitrogen = nitrogen
oxides: Oxit nitơ (hóa học)
l oxidize v. to (cause to) combine
with oxygen: Làm ôxi hóa
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
oxygen sensor
l oxidizer or oxidizing agent =
compound which gives up oxygen
easily, removes hydrogen from
another compound, or attracts
electrons: Tác nhân ôxi hóa
l oxidizing catalyst = catalyst which
decreases CO and HC levels
using excess air: Chất xúc tác để
ôxi hóa CO và HC trong khí thải
l oxidizing converter = converter
with a conventional oxidation
catalyst that needs a secondary
air supply to convert hydrocarbons
and carbon monoxide and water;
does not control NOx emissions:
Bộ hoá khử có bơm khí
oxyacetylene welding n. = gas
welding: Hàn hơi (ôxi – axêtylen)
oxygen (O) n. gaseous element
essential for life and the
combustion of fuel: Khí ôxi, ký
hiệu là O
l oxygenates n. oxygen-enriched
fuels or anti-knock additives: Phụ
gia vào nhiên liệu để chống kích nổ
l oxygen corrosion n. electro-
chemical corrosion caused by
neutral or alkaline electrolytes
in which, during the cathodic
reaction, oxygen is reduced to
hydroxide: Sự ăn mòn do ôxi
oxygen sensor n. sensor which
317
oxygen sensor system thermo-switch
measures the amount of oxygen
remaining in the exhaust gases. It
is usually called a lambda sensor:
Cảm biến ôxi
oxygen sensor system thermo-
switch n. (fuel injection) usually
located in a coolant hose,
provides a coolant temperature
318
oxyhydrogen gas
signal to the ECM: Công tắc nhiệt
độ nước
oxyhydrogen gas n. Highly
explosive mixture of oxygen
and hydrogen, generated during
charging of lead-acid batteries:
Hỗn hợp khí ôxi và hydro sinh ra
khi nạp ắc quy.
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
P paint
Pp
P (a) = park: Tay số P (đậu) trong
hộp số tự động (gear selector)
(b) letter on the sidewall of a tyre
denoting the maximum speed for
which it is designed (150km/h or
95mph): Ký tự trên vỏ xe chỉ tốc
độ tối đa 150km/h.
P/A = power-assisted: Trợ lực
packed gland = Cylindrical recess
that accommodates a number of
rings of packing around the shaft
or shaft sleeve (pump). It is also
called stuffing box: Rãnh đặt bạc
trên trục (bơm)
pad = brake pad: Má phanh
pad retainer pin n. pin which locates
the brake pad in a disc brake:
Chốt giữ má phanh (phanh)
pagoda roof n. unusual roof design,
introduced on the Mercedes-
Benz SL Hardtop, which was
slightly lower in the centre than
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
at the sides: Mui xe kiểu tháp
paint 1 n. any pigmented liquid,
liquefiable, or mastic composition
designed for application to a
substrate on a thin layer which
is converted to a solid film after
application: Sơn
2 v. In an automotive context,
painting usually means spray
painting: Phun sơn
l paint booth n. closed section in
a painting line in which coats of
paint are applied: Phòng sơn
l paint chip book n. = colour chart:
Biểu đồ màu (sơn)
l paint colour matching n.
determining the correct paint
shade with the aid of colour
charts and special mixing devices
and, in difficult cases, via spectral
analysis: Sự chọn màu sơn cho
phù hợp khi sơn dặm
319
painting robot
l painting line n. route taken
(and processes undergone)
by the bodywork of a newly
manufactured vehicle on its way
through the paint shop: Dây
chuyền sơn
painting robot n. robot used for
paint application: Người máy
được dùng cho việc sơn
l paint refinishing n. the various
steps involved in repainting a
secondhand car: Các bước khi
sơn lại xe cũ
paint shop n. (a) production stage
in an automobile manufacturing
plant during which the bodywork
is treated with paint: Phân xưởng
sơn
(b) separate paint repair shop,
usually near a body repair shop
(i.e. for damaged vehicles):
Phòng sơn
l paint stripper n. liquid paint
remover: Thiết bị cạo bỏ sơn
l paint system n. the sum of all
coats of paint on a work: Các lớp
sơn
l paintwork n. overall result of
painting; the paint coating or
finish: Sơn
PAIR system n. = Pulse Air Injection
Repair System: Hệ thống dùng
320
panel cutter
rung động khí thải để nạp không
khí vào đường thải
palladium n. white, ductile, malleable,
noble metal of the platinum
family; atomic number 46, atomic
weight 106.4: resembles platinum
and together with other platinum
metals is used as a catalyst in
automotive exhaust converters:
Palađi (hóa học)
pane n. sheet of a window glass:
Tấm kính
panel n. (a) part made from sheet
metal; e.g. door panel: Bảng, tấm
(thép)
(b) plastic moulding; e.g. interior
trim of doors: Khung nhựa
l panel beater n. (a) person who
beats out the dented bodywork of
a damaged vehicle (b) = panel
hammer: Thợ đồng
l panel beating n. beating out the
dents in damaged bodywork: Gò
thùng xe
l panel bonding n. new repair
process using a special adhesive
to glue body panels in place
instead of spot-welding them:
Phương pháp mới sửa thùng xe
bằng cách dùng chất keo đặt biệt
để dán
panel cutter n. air-operated tool
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
panel puller
used to cut out old panels: Máy
cắt khung cũ (làm đồng)
l panel flanger n. = joggler: Máy
gấp tấm
l panel hammer n. special hammer
for metalworking that has two
differently-shaped heads for
different purpose, e.g. cross-
peen and shrinking hammer: Búa
gò thân xe
l panelling n. (a) a combination of
separate sheet metal panels to
form a complete assembly, e.g.
the outer panels of the body or
even the panels surrounding the
engine: Tổ hợp khung vỏ xe
(b) plastic moulding; e.g. interior
trim of doors: Khung nhựa (gắn
tableau)
l panel picking n. straightening
very fine indentations or marks
of very small diameter on
a panel surface with a pick
hammer: Gò tinh
panel puller n. tool with slide hammer
and hook or self-threading
screw tip to pull dented doors,
wings and other sheet metal
panels back into place. In US
English,it is knocker: Dụng cụ
kéo khung vỏ
Panhard rod n. transversely mounted
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
paraffin
bar between a beam axle and the
vehicle body as a lateral location
of the axle: Thanh xoắn Panhard
l Panhard rod mounting box =
box section used to mount the
Panhard rod of the rear axle: Giá
lắp thanh xoắn Panhard
panoramic windscreen n. a
windscreen style popular in the
1950s and 1960s that featured
recessed screen pillars, giving a
wide, unobstructed view of the
road; entry for the front passengers
was awkward, since the screen
pillar corners projected into the
door opening: Kính xe nhìn được
bao quát
pantechnicon n. large van or
lorry, especially one for moving
furniture: Xe vận tải lớn để
chuyên chở đồ gỗ
parabolic reflector n. old headlight
reflector in the shape of a
parabola, now replaced by
ellipsoidal reflectors: Gương
phản xạ đèn pha có dạng parabôn
l parabolic spring n. leaf spring
tapered in the shape of a parabola:
Lá nhíp dạng đường parabol
paraffin n. in automotive applications,
used as a solvent for removing
grease. In US English, it is
kerosene: Dầu lửa
321
parallel
parallel 1 a. the same distance
apart at every point: Song song
2 n. two or more electrical
components each receiving the
same voltage: Thiết bị điện mắc
song song
3 v. to connect in parallel: Nối song
song
l parallel action locking pliers n.
locking pliers with parallel action
jaws, e.g. for pinching off hoses
when servicing cooling systems:
Kìm khóa miệng song song
l parallel circuit n. electric circuit in
which the individual components
are connected between two
points, with one of the two ends
of each component connected
to each point; arrangement used
in the vehicle electrical system:
Mạch điện song song
l parallelism n. (of brake discs)
same thickness all the way round:
Sự mòn đều đĩa phanh
l parallel key n. = feather key:
Chìa khóa miệng
l parallelogram steering (system)
n. steering system with a drop
arm and idler arm: Hệ thống lái
hình bình hành
l parallelogram suspension n. =
double wishbone suspension: hệ
322
park
thống treo hình bình hành.
l parallel trailing link suspension
n. front suspension layout used
primarily by Volkswagen on rear-
engined cars: Hệ thống treo
trước với các đòn kéo song song
parallel twin n. type of engine usually
found on traditional British two-
cylinder motorcycles: Loại động
cơ hai xi-lanh của Anh dùng cho
xe gắn máy
parallel valves n. inlet and exhaust
valves with parallel valves
stems: Các xú-páp đặt song
song (hút và thải)
parent panel n. the panel left in
place on the car to which a new
panel is welded after all the rusted
metal has been cut out: Phần còn
lại của khung mục khi làm đồng
park (P) 1 n. one of the positions of
the gear selector for an automatic
gearbox; when engaged (after the
vehicle has come to a complete
standstill) the driving wheels are
locked: Tay số đậu
2 v. to leave a vehicle in a particular
place: Đỗ xe
l parking brake n. mechanically
operated brake that is
independent of the foot-operated
service brakes on the vehicle;
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
parking brake console
set when the vehicle is parked,
usually by hand (handbrake)
but sometimes by foot on some
American cars: Phanh tay
parking brake console = reinforcing
member incorporated in the
centre tunnel area of the floorpan
to provide the mounting support
for the handbrake: Giá đỡ cần
kéo phanh tay
parking brake lever = (inside drum
brake) lever which spreads the
brake shoes outward; the long
end is connected to the parking
brake shoe and to a push bar
which acts on the other shoe:
Cần đẩy guốc phanh
parking brake lever strut = push bar
between the shoes in a drum
brake: Thanh đẩy guốc phanh
parking brake pedal = foot-operated
pedal for the parking brake: Bàn
đạp phanh tay
l parking disc n. marker displayed
on the inside of a parked car
showing time of arrival (of latest
permitted time of departure):
Bảng thông báo thời gian đỗ xe
parking heater n. air heating system
which operates independently of
the engine: Hệ thống sưởi nóng
hoạt động độc lập với động cơ
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
park/ neutral safety switch
l parking interlock n. = PARKING
LOCK: Cơ cấu khóa ở tay số đậu
l parking light/ lamp n. energy-
saving vehicle illumination mode
for longterm roadside parking;
includes only one front sidelight
and one taillight; the parking light
can be switched to illuminate the
LH or RH side: Đèn đỗ xe
l parking lock (PL) n. block gear and
pawl that lock the transmission
mechanically: Cơ cấu khóa ở tay
số đậu
l PL = Parking Lock = block
gear and pawl that lock the
transmission mechanically: Cơ
cấu khóa ở tay số đậu.
l parking lot n. In US English, it is
ground level, outdoor or car park:
Bãi đậu xe
l parking meter n. coin-operated
timing device that indicates how
long a vehicle may legally remain
parked: Thiết bị báo thời gian có
thể đỗ xe
l parking space n. parking place
reserved for a particular vehicle:
Nơi đỗ
l parking ticket n. written fine for a
parking offence: Phiếu phạt đỗ
xe không đúng chỗ
l park/ neutral safety switch n. =
323
part
starter inhibitor switch: Công tắc
an toàn khởi động
part n. component: Thành phần,
phần, phụ tùng
partial flow filter n. = bypass filter:
Bộ lọc mạch rẽ
l partial respray n. respraying part
of the bodywork. It is opposite to
full or complete respray: Sự sơn
lại một phần thân xe
particulate catalyst n. pellet
catalyst: chất xúc tác dạng hạt
l particulate emission n. emission
of solid particles of carbon and
unburnt hydrocarbons from the
exhaust system: Hạt muội than
trong khí thải
particulate emission limit = weight
of particulate emissions in the
exhaust of diesel engines,
specified in grams per mile: Sự
giới hạn lượng hạt muội than
trong khí thải
l particulate ignition temperature
n. in diesel filtration tests, the
exhaust gas temperature at which
there is an equilibrium between
particulate burn-off and deposit
build-up: Nhiệt độ của khí thải
giữa điểm tự làm sạch và điểm
kết muội
particulate matter = particulates n.
324
pass
suspended solids of carbon and
unburnt hydrocarbons from the
exhaust system: Than đóng lại
trên pô
part-load operation n. operation of
systems and components under
conditions below full load: Sự
hoạt động với một phần tải.
part out v. (US) to break up for
spares: Rã xe lấy phụ tùng
part panel n. = patch panel: Miếng
đắp (làm đồng)
parts catalogue n. catalogue listing
available spare parts: Danh mục
phụ tùng
part(s) number n. reference number
attributed to particular part: Mã số
phụ tùng
part-throttle operation n. driving
without using full throttle: Chạy
với cánh bướm ga mở một phần
part-time four-wheel drive n.
manually selectable four-wheel
drive: Chọn dẫn động bốn bánh
bằng tay
PAS = Power-Assisted Steering: Hệ
thống lái có trợ lực
Pascal (Pa) n. SI measurement of
pressure (= ten newton per square
centimeter): Đơn vị đo áp suất
pass v. to overtake: Vượt
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
passenger car
passenger car n. (usually) four-
wheeled motor car powered by
an IC engine and designed for
passengers: Xe du lịch, xe con
passenger car wheel = generally
one-piece wheels made of sheet
steel (rim and disc are welded
together) or light-alloy (cast
or forged alloy wheels), and
designed for tubeless tyres: Bánh
xe liền khối
passenger compartment or
passenger cell n. part of the car in
which the driver and passengers
sit: Khoang hành khách
l passenger-side air bag n. an air
bag restraint system designed
to protect the front passenger;
introduced on some cars in the
early 1990s, it usually occupies
the space normally provided for a
glove compartment: Túi khí dành
cho hành khách
passivate v. to reduce the reactivity of
a chemically active metal surface
by electrochemical polarization
or by immersion in a passivating
solution: Làm thụ động hóa, làm
chậm phản ứng (ăn mòn)
passive safety n. features designed
to alleviate the consequences of a
crash, such as air bags, collapsible
steering column, head restraints,
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
payload
toughened windscreen, etc. It is
opposite to active safety: Sự an
toàn thụ động
patching n. repair method for welding
up local corrosion damage by
using smaller panels made up
from sheet metal: Sự đắp vá (hàn
thân xe)
l patch panel n. small sheet
metal panel that is usually made
up specially to repair minor rust
holes: Miếng vá, tấm ráp nối
pattern panel n. body panel made by
somebody other than the original
manufacturer, usually for repair
purposes; this also includes
panels remanufactured after the
spare parts supplies from the
factory have been discontinued:
Tấm thùng xe tự gò
pawl n. (a) an arm pivoted so that
its free end can fit into a notch,
slot, or groove at certain times in
order to hold a part stationary
(b) catch at the bottom of a lever
which connects with a toothed
rack to hold the lever in position
(e.g. with a handbrake lever or in
ratchets): Móc gài, con cóc,chốt
chặn
payload n. the revenue-earning
cargo of a commercial vehicle or
the weight of the cargo: Trọng tải
325
PB
PB = Power Brakes: Trợ lực phanh
(phanh)
PC = Pitch Circle, Polycarbonate
PCB = Printed Circuit Board: Bảng
mạch in
PCD = Pitch Circle Diameter
PCI = Programme Comparison and
Identification: Chương trình so
sánh và nhận dạng
PCV = Positive Crankcase
Ventilation: Thông khí hộp các-te
PCV valve = usually located on
the cylinder head cover, this
valve allows a certain amount of
crankcase blow-by gases to be
metered into the intake system
for burning: Van thông khí hộp
các-te
PE = Polyethylene, Polyellip-Soidal
peak power n. point of maximum
torque: Mô-men cực đại
l peak revs n. point of maximum
engine speed: Số vòng quay tối
đa
l peaky a. (of an engine) only
able to deliver useful power at
high revs, necessitating frequent
gearchanges: Xe chạy ở tốc độ
quá cao cần thiết phải chuyển số
pedal n. foot-operated lever: Bàn
đạp
326
PE headlight
l pedal clearance = the distance
between the pedal and the
floor, when the pedal is fully
depressed; reference points may
vary: Khoảng hở bàn đạp
l pedal free play = the distance
a pedal moves until a slight
resistance is felt/ pedal pulsation
= vibration of the brake pedal
when depressed, caused by a
defective disc or drum (or when
ABS is activated): Sự rung động
của bàn đạp phanh (phanh ABS)
pedals = the accelerator pedal,
brake pedal and clutch pedal:
Các bàn đạp
pedal travel = the total stroke of a
pedal: Hành trình tự do của bàn
đạp
peen n. ball-shaped, or narrow
wedge-shaped end of a hammer
head
opposite the flattened striking face:
Đầu mũi búa
peen hammer = body hammer with
a peen of triangular section with
a fairly sharply shaped end: Búa
đầu tam giác
peening n. flattening or shaping with
a peen hammer: Sự gò bằng búa
PE headlight n. headlight with a
gas discharge lamp and a poly-
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
pein
ellipsoidal reflector: Đèn đầu
với bóng cao áp và choá hình
polyellipsoid
pein n. = peen: Đầu mũi búa
pellet-type catalytic converter n. the
first type of automotive catalytic
converter, introduced in the USA
in 1975: Bộ xúc tác loại hạt
pencil-type glow plug n. = sheathed-
type glow plug: Bu-gi xông máy
loại ống
pendulum impact test n. the
standard test methods are
the Izod and Charpy test; the
specimens have a standard notch
machined in them, and the impact
energy absorbed in breaking the
specimen is recorded: Sự kiểm
tra độ cứng bằng con lắc
penetrating oil n. thin oil used to
loosen corroded parts: Dầu nới
lỏng những phần bị ăn mòn
pent crown piston n. piston designed
with a sloping, pent-roof shaped
piston crown to improve the flow
of the fuel/ air mixture and to
increase engine compression:
Pít-tông đầu vát nghiêng
l pent-roof combustion chamber
n. combustion chamber whose
top is angled like a roof: Buồng
cháy kiểu vát nghiêng
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
perimeter frame
performance n. (a) the general way
a car (or any other machine or
material handles: tính năng xe
(b) specifically, acceleration and top
speed features of a car: Đặc tính
gia tốc và số vòng quay cực đại
l performance characteristics of
materials n. specific values for
materials, obtained by standard
test methods and available for
the selection of appropriate
materials: Đặc điểm, đặc tính của
vật liệu
l performance handling system n.
typically consists of front and rear
anti-roll bars, nitrogen-filled gas
shock absorbers, special springs:
Hệ thống điều khiển tính năng xe
l performance tuning n. efforts
to improve vehicle performance
in particular, such as upgraded
suspension, higher engine output
and/ or torque, or drag-reducing
measures, such as the addition
of spoilers: Sự điều chỉnh để cải
thiện tính năng xe
perimeter frame n. type of frame
widely used for American car that
incorporates separate frames;
the side and crossmembers
form a border that surrounds the
passenger compartment: Sườn
xe dạng uốn tròn
327
permanent four-wheel drive
permanent four-wheel drive n.
permanently engaged four-wheel
drive (with lockable or limited-slip
differentials): Sự dẫn động bốn
bánh thường xuyên
l permanent magnet n. magnetic
material such as hardened
steel that has been strongly
magnetized and retains its
magnetism indefinitely; used in
electric machines: Nam châm
vĩnh cửu
personal(ized) numberplate n.
numberplate chosen (at a cost)
by an owner, rather than one
allocated by the authorities (in the
UK, the DVLA): Bảng số do chủ
xe chọn số (đẹp)
Perspex see polymethyl methacrylate:
Kính perspex dẻo
petroil lubrication n. a lubrication
method for two-stroke engines
where the oil is added to the fuel
and lubricates the moving engine
parts as the air/ fuel mixture
passes through the crankcase:
Sự bôi trơn bằng xăng pha nhớt
petrol n. liquid blend of hydrocarbons
refined from petroleum, used as a
fuel for SI engines: Xăng
(NOTE: US English = gasoline or gas)
petrol engine = spark ignition engine,
328
Phillips screwdriver
using petrol as a fuel: Động cơ
xăng
l petroleum n. the crude oil from
which petrol, lubricating oil, and
other such products are refined:
Dầu thô
petroleum jelly = whitish jelly-
like substance obtained from
petroleum, used as a lubricant
and as a protection against
corrosion: Mỡ bôi trơn (mỡ bò)
l petrol pump n. pump which
dispenses petrol at a filling station.
In US English, it is gas pump: Bơm
xăng ở trạm bán xăng
l petrol station n. filling station. In
US English, it is gas station: Trạm
xăng dầu, cây xăng
l petrol tanker n. specially
equipped lorry for transporting
petrol/ fuel: Xe bồn chở xăng dầu
PFI = Port Fuel Injection: Phun xăng
đa điểm
phase-locked loop circuitry see PLL
circuit
Phillips screw n. proprietary type
of cross-head screw: Vít đầu rãnh
chữ thập, vít pa-ke
Phillips screwdriver = proprietary
type of cross-head screwdriver:
Tuốc nơ vít đầu chữ thập
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
phosphate coating
phosphate coating n. conversion
coating produced by phosphating:
Lớp áo (sơn) ngoài bằng
photphat
phosphate section = section in a
painting line in which phosphate
treatment is performed: Bộ phận
xử lý photphat
phosphate treatment = treatment
of metals with a phosphating
solution to produce a phosphate
conversion coating on the
surface: Sự xử lý photphat
l phosphating n. = phosphate
treatment: Sự xử lý bằng photphat
phosphating solution = solution of
phosphoric acid, often enriched
with zinc, used during the
bodywork production process
for cleaning and rust prevention:
Dung dịch photphat kẽm (chống
ăn mòn)
pH value n. measure of the
concentration of hydrogen ions in
a solution, which shows how acid
or alkaline it is pH: Độ pH
pick and finishing hammer n. widely
used type of body hammer with
a pointed end on one side and a
shallow domed end for finishing
on the other side: Búa đầu nhọn
và đầu vòm
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
pick-up
pick hammer = hammer with a round
head for conventional planishing
and a small pick-shaped head
for working away in sharp or tight
corners. It is not to be confused
with a bullet-point pick hammer,
which has a more blunt pick, nor
with peen hammer: Búa đầu nhọn
pickling n. removal of oxide or mill
scale from the surface of a metal
by immersion, usually in an acidic
or alkaline solution: Làm sạch gỉ
bằng cách nhúng vào dung dịch
axit hoặc bazơ
pickling attack = initial chemical
reaction between phosphating
solutions and metal surface in
phosphate treatment: Phản ứng
của dung dịch tẩy với bề mặt
kim loại
pick-up n. (a) transfer of material,
as between bearing and shaft,
caused by friction and heat due
to lack of oil, which can lead to
seizure: Sự dính hai bề mặt do
thiếu bôi trơn
(b) small truck with an open body
and low sides. It is called a utility
or informally ute in Australia: Xe
tải nhỏ, không mui, thành thấp
l pick-up coil n. coil in which
voltage is induced in magnetic
pick-up assembly: Cuộn dây cảm
329
pick-up module
biến điện từ
pick-up module = trigger-activated
device which sends a signal to
the ignition unit of an electronic
ignition system: Cụm cảm biến
điện từ
l pick-up pipe n. = oil pick-up pipe:
Ống dẫn dầu
pick-up screen = oil pump strainer:
Lọc bơm dầu
l pick-up tool n. tool with a flexible
or rigid shaft and a claw type pick-
up end; used to retrieve small
objects from hard-to-reach areas:
Dụng cụ gắp vật rơi
pig iron n. produced in blast
furnaces, pig iron is the raw
material for practically all iron and
steel products; contains about
3-5% carbon: Gang
pigtail n. = wiring pigtail: Đầu dây
điện ngắn nhô ra từ thiết bị điện
piling n. the build-up of metal on
a contact breaker point. It is
opposite to pitting: Sự dịch
chuyển kim loại trên mặt vít lửa
pill n. jet in the fuel-return line which
establishes the mixture: Gíc-lơ
cân bằng hỗn hợp trên đường
ống hồi nhiên liệu
pillar n. post between the roof and
330
pinholing
the waistline; from front to rear,
there are A-, B-, C-, and D-pillars:
Trụ đỡ, trụ chống
l pillar jack n. = tower jack: Con
đội hình tháp, con đội chết
l pillar light n. courtesy light
mounted on the central pillar:
Đèn trụ cửa
pilot bearing n. In US English, it is
spigot bearing: Ổ lót dẫn hướng
l pilot hole n. hole which acts as a
guide when drilling a larger hole
or for a self-tapping screw: Lỗ
dẫn hướng
l pilot jet n. jet in the idling circuit
of a fixed jet carburettor which
measures and a admits fuel: Gíc-
lơ cầm chừng
l pilot shaft n. dummy shaft which
is used to align parts and is
removed before final assembly of
the parts: Trục dẫn hướng
pin n. bar used as a pivot or swivel
(e.g. kingpin, swivel pin) , or as
a fastener (e.g. cotter pin, dowel
pin): Chốt, trục
pinging n. In US English, it is
pinking:Tiếng gõ
pinholing n. tiny bubbles in the finish
that are often grouped together;
caused by trapped solvents,
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
pinion
moisture or air released from the
film: Lỗ nhỏ trên lớp sơn
pinion (gear) n. a gearwheel which
engages with a rack or larger
wheel and whose diameter is not
much larger than the diameter of
its shaft or axle: Bánh răng nhỏ
l pinion shaft n. short drive shaft
in the rear axle connecting the
prop shaft to the crown wheel via
the final drive pinion: Trục bánh
răng bên của bán trục
pinking or (US) pinging n. metallic,
pinging noise caused by detonation
or partial detonation in the
combustion chamber of a cylinder,
usually due to low-octane fuel or
over-advanced ignition: Tiếng gõ
kích nổ
pin punch n. tool with a parallel shaft
for use with a hammer to drive
out pins, shafts, rivets, etc.: Chỉa
bẩy bằng xà beng
pin slider caliper disc brake n.
disc brake design with a sliding
caliper: Bộ kẹp phanh (phanh)
đĩa với chốt trượt
Pinstriping n. thin, precisely
contoured lines along certain
body features; they may extend
along the whole car and finish
off in elaborate, bouquet-like
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
piping
designs: Đường viền thân xe
l pinstriping tool = painting tool used
to apply thin, precise lines on the
body, e.g. on motorcycle tanks
and to enhance car body contours:
Dụng cụ tạo đường viền
pintaux nozzle n. pintle-type diesel
fuel injector nozzle with a hold
in the side through which a very
small amount of fuel is sprayed
when the needle valve is partly
opened at low pressure, before
the main hole comes into use:
Một dạng kim phun diesel
pintle n. (a) the needle of the
injection valve in a diesel fuel
injector: Van kim
(b) vertical bolt or pin in a towing
bracket, to which the towbar is
attached: Cái chốt, trục kéo xe
l pintle nozzle = injector nozzle
containing the pintle: Vòi phun
chứa van kim
pipework n. system of pipes: Hệ
thống ống dẫn
pipe wrench n. adjustable spanner
with serrated jaws: Mỏ lếch răng
piping n. (a) system of pipes: Hệ
thống ống dẫn
(b) rubber or plastic strip inserted
between two removable panels,
i.e. between a bolt-on wing and
331
piston
the body, to cover up the joint
and to prevent water getting in;
with the piping inserted, only the
round bead along the upper edge
of the piping is visible: Ống roong
piston n. the reciprocating element
in a reciprocating piston engine:
Pít-tông
piston bore n. diameter of the bore
in the cylinder block in which
the piston moves back and forth
between top dead centre (TDC)
and bottom dead centre (BDC):
Đường kính pít-tông
l piston charging pump n. either the
function of the piston of the two-
stroke engine to pre-compress
the fresh charge induced into
the crankcase, or a separate
piston used in earlier two-stroke
engine designs to provide a
supercharging effect: Bơm nạp
kiểu pít-tông.
l piston (-type) compressor n.
compressor in an air-conditioning
system with one or more pistons
arranged in either an in-line, axial,
radial or V-configuration: Máy
nén loại pít-tông
piston crown n. the end of the piston
facing the valves: Đỉnh pít-tông
piston damper n. small damper
332
piston lifter
piston in an SU or Stromberg
carburettor which attenuates the
movement of the large air piston
in the venturi: Pít-tông giảm chấn
(chế hoà khí)
l piston diaphragm n. flexible
membrane which displaces under
pressure, imparting movement
to the piston in a Stromberg
carburettor: Màng truyền động
cho pít-tông (bộ chế hòa khí
Stromberg)
l piston engine n. internal
combustion engine in which a
piston is displaced by thermal
expansion of gases; the concept
includes reciprocating engines
and rotary engines, but is usually
used with reference to the
common reciprocating engine:
Động cơ pít-tông
l piston extension screw n. stroke
limiting screw between the
primary piston and secondary
piston stop: Vít chỉnh hành trình
pít-tông
l piston head n. = piston crown:
Đỉnh pít-tông
l piston land n. the raised portion
between two piston ring grooves:
Gờ rãnh xéc-măng
l piston lifter n. pin in the base
of the piston chamber in an SU
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
piston ring
or Stromberg carburettor, used to
check the strength of the mixture
and the free movement of the
piston: Chốt kiểm tra lượng hỗn
hợp và hành trình của pít-tông
(trong bộ chế hòa khí SU và
Stromberg)
l piston material n. the materials
from which pistons are made
grey cast or light alloys; most light
alloys consist of an aluminium-
silicon alloy: Vật liệu làm pít-tông
l piston pin n. In US English, it is
gudgeon pin: Chốt pít-tông
piston ring n. one of usually three
metal rings installed in grooves
in the piston which seal the small
clearance between the piston
and the cylinder wall: Xéc-măng
piston ring clamp n. special
automotive tool used for installing
pistons: Dụng cụ ép xéc-măng
(khi lắp pít-tông)
piston ring flutter n. oscillations of
a piston ring which mainly occur
at high engine speed and thus
can cause breakage: Sự rung lắc
xéc-măng
l piston ring groove n. one of the
grooves round the top of a piston
into which a piston ring fits: Rãnh
xéc-măng
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
piston skirt
l piston ring groove cleaner =
special automotive tool to remove
carbon and varnishes from piston
grooves before installing piston
rings: Dụng cụ làm sạch rãnh
xéc- măng trên pít-tông.
l piston ring stop n. pin pressed
into the ring grooves of a two-
stroke engine in order to prevent
the rings from rotating, which
would allow the open ends to
become jammed in the ports:
Chốt xéc-măng (hai kỳ)
piston rocking n. = piston slap
l piston rod n. (shock absorber)
rod which operates the piston in
a telescopic damper: Thanh đẩy
pít-tông (ống nhún)
l piston seal n. fluid seal on a disc
brake caliper piston: Vòng đệm
kín pít-tông (phanh)
l piston seizure n. sudden
stalling of the engine, caused by
the piston becoming stuck in the
bore; which is often caused by
overheating or lack of lubrication
and often leaves severe score
marks in the cylinders: Sự kẹt
dính pít-tông (rúp-pê)
piston skirt n. the part of a piston
below the gudgeon pin and ring
belt area; its temperature can
reach 1300C: Thân pít-tông
333
pitch
l piston slap n. audible noise
caused by excessive piston
play, which allows the piston
to tilt in BDC and TDC (when
reversing the direction of
motion): Sự va đập của pít-
tông (khi khe hở lớn)
l piston speed n. speed of the
piston for a given engine rpm:
Tốc độ pít-tông
l piston spring n. coil spring in an
SU carburettor which counteracts
the upward movement of the
piston: Lò xo piston giảm chấn
(trong bộ chế hòa khí SU)
l piston top n. = piston crown:
Đỉnh pít-tông
l piston-valve engine n. two-stroke
engine that relies on the ports
in the cylinder walls to control
admission and exhaust of the air/
fuel mixture; it is not equipped
with other control elements such
as rotary valves: Động cơ pít-
tông có các (lỗ) van trên thành xi-
lanh (hai kỳ)
pitch n. (a) axial distance of adjacent
threads measured between
corresponding thread points;
the pitch of single-start threads
equals the lead: Bước ren
(b) parking space or site for a trailer,
caravan, etc.: Nơi đỗ xe
334
pitting
pitch circle (PC) n. the circumference
on which the centres of the wheel
bolt holes are located: Quỹ đạo
của các ốc bắt bánh xe
l pitch circle diameter (PCD) = the
diameter of the stud holes/ bolt
holes for fixing the wheel to the
hub: Đường kính vòng tròn tâm
các ốc bắt bánh xe
pitman arm n. In US English, it is
drop arm: Đòn quay
l pitman shaft = Trục then đòn dẫn
hướng xuyên rocker shaft: Qua
bộ bánh răng tay lái
pitot tube n. tube for measuring
the pressure and velocity of a
fluid flow; in some CVTs, used
in conjunction with a valve
arrangement to control ratio
changes: Ống đo áp suất và vận
tốc dòng chảy
pits n. (a) cavities extending from
the surface into the metal as a
result of pitting corrosion: Hốc,
lõm do gỉ
(b) (at a motor racing circuit) place
where a car stops for servicing,
refuelling, tyre changes, etc.:
Trạm tiếp tế cho xe đua
l pitted a. (of contact breaker
points) eroded: Lõm,rỗ (vít lửa)
pitting n. surface damage to a metal
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
pivot axis
in the form of pits or holes. In the
case of contact breaker points,
the opposite is piling: Sự làm rỗ,
sự làm lõm (kim loại)
l pitting corrosion = corrosion
process resulting in pits: Sự ăn rỗ
bề mặt
pivot axis n. = swivel axis: Trục trụ
quay đứng
l pivot pin n. = kingpin: Trụ quay
đứng (lái)
PL = Parking Lock: Cơ cấu khóa ở
tay số đậu
plain bearing n. cylindrical sleeve
friction bearing; most commonly
used type of bearing: Bạc thau,
bạc lót
l plain disc wheel n. wheel type
without holes or slots in the wheel
disc: Mâm bánh xe không lỗ
planetary gear n. (starter motor)
used in some starters as an
intermediate transmission: Bánh
răng hành tinh (trong máy khởi
động)
l planetary (gear) differential n.
planetary gear set used as a
differential with asymmetric
torque distribution, as for 4wd
vehicles: Vi sai sử dụng bánh
răng hành tinh
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
planishing
l planetary gear set n. comprises
a central externally toothed
sun gear, an internally toothed
outer ring gear, and several
intermediate planet gears which
are evenly spaced and supported
by a planet carrier; they are in
constant mesh with the sun gear
and the internal gear: Bộ bánh
răng hành tinh
l planetary transmission n. In US
English, it is epicyclic gearbox:
Hộp số bánh răng hành tinh
l planet carrier n. part which
revolves around the central
axis of a planetary gear set and
supports the planet gears: Vòng
mang cụm bánh răng hành tinh
l planet gear n. (automatic
transmission) gear whose axis
is not stationary; it is supported
by a planet carrier and revolves
around the central axis: Bánh
răng hành tinh
l planet pinion n. = planet wheel =
planet gear: Bánh răng hành tinh
planishing n. final panel hammering
stage for lifting out minor
imperfections in a panel surface;
part of the panel finishing process:
Sự gõ bóng
l planishing hammer = panel
beater’s hammer: Búa của thợ gò
335
plasma spray process
plasma spray process n. process in
which a very high temperature
flame is produced by blowing
gas through an electric arc;
metal wire or powder is melted by
passage through the flame and
is projected on the surface to be
coated: Qui trình hàn hơi
plastic n. a material that contains
as an essential ingredient one
or more organic polymeric
substances of large molecular
weight, is solid in its manufacture
or processing into finished
articles, can be shaped by flow:
Nhựa, chất dẻo
l plastic deformation n. permanent
change in the shape or size of a
solid body without fracture resulting
from the application of sustained
stress beyond the elastic limit: Sự
làm biến dạng chất dẻo
l plastic engine n. an automobile
engine whose bulk is made of
plastic components (e.g. engine
block, inlet manifold, water-pump
housing, valve covers, sump),
the use of metal being limited
to parts subjected to extreme
mechanical or thermal loads (e.g.
combustion chamber, exhaust
manifold, pistons, cylinder liners,
valve train, etc.): Động cơ bằng
chất dẻo
336
plate
l plastic filler n. = polyester filler
l plasticize v. to soften a material
to make it plastic or mouldable
by heating, kneading, or adding a
plasticizer: Làm cho dẻo
l plasticizer n. an additive that
gives flexibility to an otherwise
rigid plastic: Chất làm mềm dẻo
plastics welding n. a uniting of
thermo-plastic, i.e. non-setting
plastics of similar or different type
using heat and pressure and with
or without the addition of plastic
of a similar kind (filler material):
Kỹ thuật hàn chất dẻo
plate 1 n. (a) thin flat sheet of
metal: Tấm kim loại mỏng
(b) In batteries, it is in each battery
cell are two lead-alloy plates:
one of lead peroxide (positive
plate), the other of spongy lead
(negative plate); separators are
placed between the plates of
different polarity: Bản cực ắc quy.
In clutch, which is disc: Đĩa, tấm,
bảng
2 v. to coat (a metal) with a thin layer
of another metal by electrolysis,
chemical reaction, etc.: Mạ.
l plate grid n. = In batteries, it is
grid: Tấm cốt bản cực (ắc quy)
l plate group n. assembly of plates
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
plating
of identical polarity (positive or
negative) as used in a battery
cell: Nhóm tấm bản cực
l plate strap n. In batteries, the
conducting connection between
the lugs of plates of like polarity
and the cell terminal: Thanh nối
các bản cực cùng dấu
l plate support n. support at the
bottom of a battery case on which
the elements rest; provides space
for the sediment chamber: Gân
đỡ bản cực phía đáy ắc quy
plating n. (metal) coating: Mạ
platinum n. light-grey, heavy, ductile,
noble metal; atomic number 78,
atomic weight 195.09; melting point
at 17690C; main member of the so-
called platinum metals; together
with other platinum metals, is used
as a catalyst in automotive exhaust
converters: Bạch kim
l platinum electrode n. (sparking
plug) an electrode made of
platinum lasts longer than one
of nickel alloy as it can better
withstand high temperatures:
Điện cực bạch kim (bougie)
l platinum metals n. generic term
for a family of noble metals found
with and resembling platinum;
including ruthenium, rhodium,
palladium, osmium, iridium, and
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
plug
platinum; used as catalysts in
catalytic converters; less than a
tenth of a troy ounce is required
per converter to produce acres
of catalytically active catalyst
surface: Những kim loại quý cùng
với bạch kim trong bộ xúc tác
l platinum sparking plug n.
sparking plug with a platinum
centre electrode: Bu-gi điện cực
bạch kim
play see free play
plenum n. an enclosure than
containing air or gas at a higher
pressure than exists outside:
Khoang chứa đầy
plenum chamber n. (a) (of induction
system) usually a large cast alloy
body which connects the throttle
body or inlet tube to the cylinder
head(s) or inlet manifold: Phần
nối từ bướm ga đến lỗ hút
(b) (car body) air compartment
formed between the scuttle and
the bulkhead, providing a basis
for the interior air supply: Lỗ
thông khí salon
pliers n. gripping tool with two hinged
arms and serrated jaws: Kìm có
răng
plug 1 n. (a) stopper which seals
a hole: Nút bịt
337
plug whiskering
(b) male electrical connector: Phích
cắm, đầu cắm đực
(c) = sparking plug: Bu-gi
2 v. to seal with a stopper: Nút lại,
chặn lại
l plug gap n. hole in a tank or
cistern, which can be closed with
a rubber plug: Khe hở bu-gi
l plughole n. = sparking plug
spanner: Tuýp mở bu-gi.
plug whiskering n. = gap bridging:
Muội than nối tắt điện cực
plunger n. (a) any immersing type
of piston: Pít-tông dạng chìm
(b) hydraulic tappet component (e.g.
in a valve): Pít-tông con đội thủy
lực
(c) piston in a starter solenoid: Pít-
tông trong rơ-le cài khớp của máy
khởi động
l plunger principle n. a new ABS
control system which offers
improved pressure modulation
with very small amplitudes even
at pressures close to zero: Hệ
thống phanh ABS mới với bộ điều
tiết áp suất cải tiến
l plunger pump n. oil pump
consisting of a reciprocating
plunger in a ported chamber:
Bơm nhớt dạng pít-tông
338
pocket (slide) caliper
plunging joint n. In US English, it is
sliding joint: Khớp nối trượt
ply n. rubber-impregnated layer of
cord (made from rayon, nylon,
polyester or steel) which forms the
basis of a tyre car-cass: Sợi bố
l ply rating (PR) = index of load-
carrying capacity, giving the
maximum permitted load for a
tyre: Phân loại khả năng chịu tải
của vỏ xe
PM = Particulate Matter: Hạt
l PM trap = diesel particulate filter:
Lọc muội than trong diesel
PMMA = Poly-Methyl-Meth-Acrylate
pneumatic suspension n. = air
suspension: Hệ thống treo khí
l pneumatic trail n. distance
between a vertical line through
the centre of the wheel and the
centre of pressure of the tyre
contact patch; most apparent
during cornering: Khoảng cách
từ tâm bánh xe đến điểm tiếp xúc
mặt đường
l pneumatic tyre n. rubber tyre
filled with air under pressure. It is
opposite to solid tyre: Lốp bơm hơi
pocket (slide) caliper n. small slide-
type caliper for inside and outside
measurement up to about 100
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
pod
mm or 4 inch: Compa đo trong và
đo ngoài loại nhỏ
pod n. housing for a gauge mounted
behind the steering wheel: Phần
khung để gắn tableau sau tay lái
points n. = contact breaker points:
Vít lửa
l points file = thin, fine-toothed file
for cleaning and smoothing off
the piles on contact breaker: Giũa
vít lửa
l points gap = gap between the
contact breaker points when fully
open; measured with a feeler
gauge: Khe hở vít lửa
poke n. (informal) power or
acceleration: Sự nhấn ga tăng tốc.
polarity n. property of an electric
system that has two points with
different electric potentials: Cực
tính
polarization resistance n. the
transition resistance between the
electrodes and the electrolyte;
part of the internal resistance of
a battery: Điện trở chất điện phân
(ắc quy)
pole n. either of two points at
which there are opposite electric
charges (positive or negative), as
at the terminals of a battery: Điện
cực, cực
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
poly-ellipsoidal headlight
l pole piece n. soft magnetic
core of the inductive winding in
a magnetic pick-up assembly;
stator: Lõi từ của cảm biến điện
từ loại nam châm đứng yên
l pole shoe n. in an electrical
machine, such as a starter motor,
a piece of soft iron mounted to the
inside of the housing, surrounded
by the field coils: Má cực của máy
điện (nơi quấn dây)
polishing barrel n. barrel used for
a polishing process in which the
aluminium surface is smoothed
in the presence of metallic
or ceramic shot by a rotating
movement of the barrel: Tang
đánh bóng
pollutant n. in the context of
automotive emissions, pollutant
typically refers to hydrocarbons,
carbon monoxide, and nitrogen
oxides: Chất ô nhiễm
polycarbonate n. a polyester
polymer in which the repeating
structural unit in the chain is of
the carbonate type; used for
bumpers, body and roof panels
(PC): Nhựa PC
poly-ellipsoidal headlight n. headlight
with a gas discharge lamp and
a poly-ellipsoidal reflector, (PE
head-light): Đèn đầu với bóng
339
polyester filler
cao áp và choá hình polyellipsoid
polyester filler n. body repair material
for smoothing dents in body
panels; includes a resin base
filler paste and a catalyst which
is added to the base filler and
hardens by chemical reaction:
Nhựa để làm nhẵn thân xe (matit)
l polyester powder = powder used
for electrostatic powder coating:
Bột sơn tĩnh điện
polyethylene n. a polymer prepared
by the polymerization of ethylene
as the sole monomer; very
resistant to chemical attack (PE):
Nhựa PE
polymer n. substance consisting of
molecules characterized by the
repetition of one or more types of
monomeric units: Chất cao phân
tử, polyme
l polymer alloy = a mixture of two
or more different compatible
polymers: Hỗn hợp nhiều hợp
chất cao phân tử
polymethyl methacrylate
thermoplastic polymer derived
from methylacrylate; transparent
solid with excellent optical qualities
and weather resistance; typical
automotive applications are the
lenses of rear lights (PMMA). It is
also called Perspex: Mica
340
polypropylene
polypropylene n. an extremely
versatile plastic, available in
many grades and also as a
copolymer (ethylene/ propylene)
(PP): Nhựa PP
l polyurethane n. thermoplastic
material with high strength, good
chemical and abrasion resistance;
used mainly for foamed reaction
injection mouldings and for
adhesives, such as for flush-
bonded body glass (PUR): Nhựa
Poliurêtan
l polyurethane paint = type of two-
pack paint based on polyurethane
substances: Sơn poliurêtan
l polyurethane powder = powder
used for electrostatic powder
coating: Bột pôliurêtan
l poly-V-belt n. drive belt with
multiple Vs; flat, similar to the
toothed belts used as timing belts,
but with lengthwise V-shaped ribs
rather than transverse cogs; used
increasingly on new engines
instead of conventional V-belts:
n.
Đai hình chữ V
l polyvinyl chloride (PVC) n. bolt
plasticized and unplasticized
PVC types are marked by good
weathering resistance, and good
surface properties; they are self-
extinguishing (PVC): Nhựa PVC
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
poor opacity
poor opacity n. paint fault in which
the colour of underlying coats
or fillers remains visible through
the topcoat; may be caused
by insufficient paint thickness,
overthinning, etc.: Sự mờ đục
của lớp sơn (thấy lớp sơn lót)
poppet valve n. valve which pops
open and shut in a reciprocating
motion; consists of a valve stem
and disc; the typical valve type
used in engine cylinder heads.
It is also called mushroom valve
due to its shape: Xú-páp
pop rivet n. type of tubular rivet
which initially has a hard steel
pin passing through it; when the
pop rivet is fitted with a pop rivet
gun, the head of the pin expands
the inner end of the tubular rivet,
closing it; the head of the pin then
snaps off; used when a joint can
be accessed from one side only:
Chốt ri-vê bấm bằng súng
pop-up headlights n. = concealed
headlights: Đèn pha xếp
porcelain enamel n. In US English, it
is vitreous enamel: Men thủy tinh
pore n. small opening in a surface:
Lỗ nhỏ trên bề mặt
l porosity n. state or condition of
being porous: Trạng thái xốp
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
port area
l porous a. permeable to air or
fluids: Xốp (không khí hay chất
lỏng thấm qua được).
Porsche-type synchromesh n.
sophisticated synchromesh
technology depending on the
frictional forces by a spreading
synchronizer ring: Bộ đồng tốc
Porsche
port n. generally, any opening
through which air or fluid passes;
specifically, the opening in the
cylinder of a hydraulic valve and
the precision-made hole (jet) in
the wall of a carburettor barrel:
Lỗ thông, cửa (để không khí hoặc
chất lỏng đi qua)
port area n. used to indicate the
cross-section area of the port of
a two-stroke engine; this value is
one of the factors determining the
gas flow and the power of a two-
stroke engine: Mặt cắt lỗ thông
(động cơ hai kỳ)
l port vacuum advance n. a series
of restriction devices between the
distributor advance unit and the
carburettor advance port to ensure
that there is no vacuum advance
during idle, but increasing ignition
advance as the throttle opens
(PVA): Đánh lửa sớm áp thấp nhờ
lỗ trên bộ chế hoà khí
341
PVA
PVA = port vacuum advance n.
a series of restriction devices
between the distributor advance
unit and the carburettor advance
port to ensure that there is no
vacuum advance during idle,
but increasing ignition advance
as the throttle opens: Đánh lửa
sớm áp thấp nhờ lỗ trên bộ chế
hoà khí
l port fuel injection (PFI) n. = multi-
point injection: Phun xăng đa
điểm
positive camber: Góc camber dương
l positive castor n. when an
imaginary line extended through
the steering axis cuts the wheel
axis through the wheel centre:
Góc castor dương
positive crankcase ventilation (PCV)
n. introduced in 1963, PCV
serves to reduce emissions by
recycling crankcase fumes and
blow-by gases: Hệ thống thông
hơi các-te
l positive electrode n. In battery, it
is positive plate: Điện cực dương
(ắc quy)
l positive terminal n. red battery
terminal with a plus symbol
indicating positive polarity: Cực
dương
342
powder slush moulding
post n. (a) pillar between the
roof and the waistline; from front
to rear, there are A-, B-, C- , and
D-posts: Trụ đỡ = battery post:
Cọc bình ắc quy
post-heating n. (glow plugs) heating
after the engine is started to
prevent blue smoke and misfiring
during the warm-up phase: Xông
sau khởi động
l post-ignition n. ignition of the
air-fuel mixture after the electrical
ignition point: Sự bắt lửa của hỗn
hợp sau khi có tia lửa
pot n. (a) = cylinder: Xi-lanh
(b) = dashpot: Cái giảm chấn làm
cánh bướm ga đóng từ từ
pothole n. deep hole in the surface
of a road: Ổ gà trên mặt đường
pot joint n. universal joint in which the
rollers or balls can move freely in
an internally grooved cylinder:
Khớp nối có bi tròn hoặc bi đũa
dịch chuyển tự do
pour point n. the lowest temperature
at which an oil can be poured:
Nhiệt độ thấp nhất mà dầu có thể
chảy (rót)
powder slush moulding n.
processing technique applied to
produce PVC skins: Kỹ thuật tạo
lớp vỏ nhựa trên chi tiết
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
power
power 1 n. the rate at which energy
is converted into work: Công suất
2 v. to provide power to: Cấp công
suất, trợ lực
power-assisted brakes n. braking
system which uses a vacuum
brake booster (servo) to
reduce the pressure on the
brake pedal: Hệ thống phanh
(phanh) có trợ lực
l power-assisted steering (pas)
n. steering system in which a
hydraulic pump powered by the
engine helps the driver to turn the
steering wheel: Hệ thống lái có
trợ lực
power brakes (pb) n. braking system
that uses hydraulic or vacuum or
atmospheric pressure to provide
most of the force required for
braking: Phanh (thắng) có trợ lực
power closing n. = automatic closing
system: Hệ thống đóng cửa tự
động
l power cut-off (switch) n. = battery
master switch: Công tắc ngắt
mass ắc quy
l power distribution n. specific
drive torque distribution between
front and rear axles in a 4WD
system: Sự phân phối công suất
(truyền động bốn bánh)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
power take-of
l power hood n. convertible top
which is raised and lowered by an
electric motor. In US English, it is
electric top: Mui xếp (xe mui trần)
điều khiển bằng điện
l power seat n. seat whose back,
height, thigh and lumbar support,
etc. can be electrically adjusted:
Ghế điều chỉnh bằng điện
l powershift transmission n. (US)
transmission which can be used
without declutching or decelerating:
Hộp số sang số không cần đạp ly
hợp hoặc giảm tốc
l power steering n. completely
hydraulic or pneumatic steering
system, allowing the driver little or
no ‘feel’ for the road; not used for
road-going passenger vehicles
(PS). In informal, it is power-
assisted steering: Trợ lực lái
l power steering pump = pump
which supplies hydraulic pressure
for the power steering system:
Bơm trợ lực lái
power stroke n. downstroke of a
piston, the third stroke in a four-
stroke cycle: Hành trình sinh
công, thì nổ
power take-off n. using the crankshaft
or gearbox to drive ancillary
equipment, such as a pump or
generator (PTO): Bộ truyền lực
343
power window lock-out switch
cho các thiết bị phụ qua puly trục
khuỷu
l power train n. = drive train: Hệ
thống động lực (bao gồm động
cơ và hộp số)
l power valve n. valve in the
enrichment unit, used in some
carburettors to provide a richer
mixture for extra power under
certain conditions; in a typical
design, the power valve is a
vacuum-controlled ball-type
check valve: Van làm đậm để
tăng công suất
l power window (pw) n. In US
English, it is electric window: Cửa
kính xe điều khiển bằng điện
power window lock-out switch =
switch that renders inoperable all
electric window controls on the
individual windows, except for the
master controls on the driver’s
door: Công tắt khóa các cửa điện
PP = Polypropylene: Nhựa PP
l PPO = Polyphenylene Oxide
PR = Ply Rating
prechamber n. (of indirect
injection diesel engines) small
upper chamber in the cylinder
head, connected to the main
combustion chamber by a narrow
passage; fuel is injected into the
344
pre-engaged Bendix starter
prechamber (also called swirl
chamber) where it is ignited
before spreading to the main
chamber: Buồng đốt phụ, buồng
đốt trước
pre-combustion engine n. In US
English, it is indirect injection
engine: Động cơ diesel phun gián
tiếp (có buồng đốt trước)
pre-compress v. to compress the
fuel/ air/ oil mixture first: Nén
trước.
l pre-compression chamber n.
chamber below the piston in a two-
stroke engine in which the fuel/air/
oil mixture is initially compressed in
order to enable more fresh charge
to be fed into the cylinder: Buồng
nén phụ (hai kỳ)
pre-converter vehicle n. a car
built prior to the enforcement
of emission control standards
requiring a catalytic converter
to be fitted to every new car: Xe
chưa lắp bộ xúc tác
pre-engaged Bendix starter n. a
combination of Bendix and pre-
engaged starter drives: Máy khởi
động với bánh răng Bendix và
khớp gài trước
l pre-engaged starter n. starter
motor in which the solenoid-
operated pinion engages with
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
preheater system
a flywheel ring gear before the
full electric current flows; an
overrunning clutch enables
the pinion to freewheel before
disengaging, once the engine has
fired: Máy khởi động gài khớp
trước (khi dòng điện qua đề)
preheater system n. cold starting
aid for diesel engines, consisting
of glow plugs, a glow-control unit,
and a glow plug and starter switch,
for preheating the combustion
chamber or the intake air up to
auto-ignition temperature: Hệ
thống xông trước (diesel)
pre-ignition n. ignition of air/fuel
mixture prior to the electrical
ignition point: Sự cháy sớm
prelubricator n. lubrication
system consisting mainly of an
electronically controlled pump
that circulates pressurized engine
oil to an engine’s vital parts for
about six seconds when ignition
is switched on prior to starting
of the engine; reduces friction
during cold starts and prolongs
engine life: Sự bôi trơn trước khi
khởi động
prepreg n. reinforcing or moulding
material already impregnated
with a synthetic resin: Sự gia cố
vật liệu
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
pressure differential switch
preselector gearbox n. conventional
gearbox with a semi-automatic
change mechanism in which
a gear is selected before the
change is initiated, the change
being made by depressing the
clutch or auxiliary pedal: Hộp số
bán tự động (gài số trước khi số
được sang)
preset station button n. button for
tuning a radio automatically to a
preset frequency, i.e. one radio
station can be allocated to each
button: Nút nhớ đài tự động (radio)
l pressed panel n. panel produced
with special press tools and dies,
as opposed to a hand-made
panel: Khung dập
l press fit n. condition of contact
between two parts that requires
pressure to force the parts
together: Sự lắp ráp bằng áp suất
l pressing plant n. plant
specializing in the manufacture of
car bodies: Máy dập khung ô tô
pressure accumulator n. (usually)
spherical pressure tank of about
10 mm diameter in an hydraulic
brake booster: Bộ tích áp
pressure differential switch n.
hydraulic pressure-operated
switch (often included in a
combination valve) which
345
pressure limiting valve
activates the ‘brake failure’
warning light when one of the
brake circuits (in a dual-circuit
system) fails due to a system leak
and associated pressure drop:
Công tắc điều khiển đèn báo mất
phanh
l pressure-feed spray gun n. type
of spray gun with a separate paint
container (pressure-feed tank); it
is used mostly for spraying highly
viscous materials such as spray
putty: Súng sơn bằng áp suất
(bình chứa sơn đặt rời)
pressure limiting valve or (US)
proportioning valve n. (a) any
valve which limits pressure in a
system, e.g. in a hydraulic circuit,
in automatic transmissions, in
pneumatic suspension systems,
etc. (b) specifically, the valve
used in the rear brake line of
some cars with front disc and
rear drum brakes: Van giới hạn
áp suất
pressure lubrication n. In 4-stroke
engines, it is forced-feed
lubrication. In 2-stroke engines,
it is lubrication system with
crankcase scavenging: Bôi trơn
cưỡng bức
pressure plate n. (a) the plate
carrying pad in a disc brake. It is
346
pressure relief valve
also called backplate: Bố phanh
(trong phanh đĩa).
(b) In transmission, the part of the
clutch assembly which is pressed
against the clutch plate by the
clutch springs to transmit the
drive: Đĩa ép trong ly hợp
l pressure regulating valve n.
(a) any valve which maintains
pressure at or under a certain
pressure; specifically the pressure
relief valve of the oil pump (b) in a
continuous injection system, part
of the fuel distributor, consisting
basically of a spring-loaded steel
diaphragm which serves to keep
the pressure drop across the
metering ports at a constant 0.1
bar: Van điều tiết áp suất
l pressure regulator n. regulator
which governs the pressure of
the fuel delivered to the injectors
by the fuel pump: Bộ điều áp
l pressure regulator valve n.
releases hydraulic fluid if pressure
exceeds a preset value: Van bộ
điều áp
l pressure relief valve n. valve
which opens at maximum safe
pressure and closes again
upon return to normal operating
conditions; its main task is to
prevent the internal pressure of
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
primary battery
a component or a system from
exceeding a certain set point:
Van giảm áp (an toàn)
l pressure wave n. pulsations of
oscillations in the induction and
exhaust systems caused by the
opening and closing of the valves:
Sóng áp suất trong ống pô
l pressure wave supercharger
= comprex pressure wave
supercharger: Bơm tăng áp loại
sóng áp suất
l pressurized a. working under
pressure: Làm việc dưới áp suất
primary battery n. non-rechargeable
battery consisting of one or
more primary cells, used e. g.
in portable radio receivers. It is
opposite to secondary/ storage
battery: Pin thường (không nạp
được)
l primary (catalytic) converter n.
small converter positioned close
to the engine which quickly
actives the necessary operating
temperature to reduce exhaust
emissions during the warm-up
period: Bộ xúc tác sơ cấp
l primary cell n. electric cell that
converts chemical energy into
electrical energy in an irreversible
process; unlike a secondary cell,
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
primary circuit
it cannot be recharged: Pin không
sạc được
primary chain n. the chain of a
primary drive: Xích truyền động
chính
primary circuit n. circuit which
comprises the battery, the ignition
switch, if ballasted the ballast
resistor, the primary winding of
the ignition coil, and if breaker-
triggered the contact breaker
points: Mạch sơ cấp (đánh lửa)
l primary compression ratio n.
degree of compression achieved
in the crankcase area below the
piston of a two-stroke engine
when the piston moves down and
compresses the mixture supplied
into the crankcase: Tỷ số nén
chính (hai kỳ)
l primary key n. key which operates
all the locks of the car: Khóa cửa
trung tâm
l primary magnetic field n.
magnetic field of the primary
winding: Từ trường của cuộn dây
sơ cấp
l primary pattern n. oscilloscope
pattern of the primary circuit:
Dạng xung dao động của mạch
sơ cấp
l primary piston n. main piston in
347
primary pump
a tandem master cylinder: Pít-
tông chính (phanh)
l primary pump n. engine-driven
oil pump feeding pressurized
oil to the transmission and
hydraulic control system: Bơm
chính truyền động từ động cơ
cấp nhớt cho hộp số và các hệ
thống thuỷ lực khác
l primary seal n. primary piston
seal in a tandem master cylinder:
Vòng đệm kín của pít-tông sơ
cấp trong xi-lanh cái (phanh)
l primary shaft n. = clutch shaft:
Trục sơ cấp
l primary shoe n. in US English, it
is leading shoe: Má phanh chính
l primary structure component n.
any structural component which,
if it collapsed, could make the car
uncontrollable or would seriously
reduce occupant safety in a
crash: Thành phần đóng vai trò
an toàn khi đụng trong cấu trúc
chính của khung xe
l primary valve n. valve which
controls the primary V-pulley: Van
điều khiển puli sơ cấp chữ V
l primary V-pulley n. A pulley
which is driven by the via a
clutch; one of its halves can be
slid hydraulically, thus varying
348
primer filler
the diameter of the steel thrust
belt track and changing the
transmission ratio: Puli chữ V dẫn
động thông qua ly hợp làm thay
đổi đường kính để thay đổi tỷ số
truyền
l primary winding n. outer winding
of the ignition coil; typically 200
turns of relatively strong wire. It
is opposite to secondary winding:
Cuộn dây sơ cấp
prime v. (a) to apply primer: Phủ
sơn lót
(b) to fill a machine (e.g. a pump)
with the necessary fluid before
starting, in order to improve its
sealing qualities: Mồi bơm
(c) to put fuel in the float chamber of
a carburettor to ease the starting
of an engine: Mồi xăng (nhiên
liệu)
l primer n. first coat of paint applied
to a bare surface; designed to
provide a foundation for the
subsequent coats and to ensure rust
protection: Lớp sơn lót
l primer bath = bath containing the
primer: Bồn chứa sơn lót
primer filler = special primer used to
cover fine cracks: Lớp sơn trét
kín vết nứt
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
printed circuit board programme comparison

l primer oven = painting line oven Procon-ten n. safety system

used to dry the coats of primer:
Phòng sấy sơn lót
l primer surfacer = material for the
resilient coating underneath the
top paint coat which provides
corrosion protection, protects
the paint system from chipping
caused by gravel, provides a
smooth surface for the top paint
coat, and serves as an adhesion
promoter: Lớp sơn lót
printed circuit board n. thin
plastic insulating board on
one or both sides of which the
components and connections of
an electronic circuit are formed
by etching in a metallic coating
or electrodeposition (PCB): Bảng
mạch in
prise off v. to lever off: Bẩy ra, cạy ra
PRNDL = letters denoting the
positions on the gear selector of
an automatic gearbox, standing
for: Park, Reverse, Neutral, Drive,
Low: P = Park, R = Reverse, N =
Neutral, D = Drive, L = Low. Note,
Low may be divided into: 3, 2, 1:
Chữ cái ký hiệu của các tay số ở
hộp số tự động
probe n. a measuring sensor, usually
long and thin to gain access to
narrow cavities: Cái que đo
developed by Audi which makes
use of the relative displacement
of the engine during a frontal
collision; steel cables pull the
steering wheel away from the
driver and increase the seat belt
tension: Hệ thống an toàn xe Audi
production car or model n. car
manufactured by a mass-
production process: Xe sản xuất
đại trà
l production line = system in which
the parts of an end product are
transported by a conveyor past a
number of sites where the parts
are modified without stopping the
conveyor: Dây chuyền sản xuất
l profile n. (a) side view, shape
or outline of an object: Biên dạng
(b) cross-section of a tyre: Mặt cắt
vỏ xe
l profile depth = tread depth: Chiều
cao gai vỏ xe
programme comparison and
identification (PCI) n. (radio)
system that identifies a
programme (station) and
compares programmes so as
to find the station which offers
the strongest signal: So sánh và

Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô 349

progressive carburettor
nhận dạng tín hiệu sóng radio
progressive carburettor n. =
compound carburettor: Bộ chế
hòa khí với cánh bướm gió kép
l progressive transmission n.
transmission in which it is
necessary to pass through the
gear ratios in a definite order;
usage today confined almost
exclusively to motorcycles: Hộp
số số tới (xe gắn máy)
projected core/ insulator nose n.
insulator tip that extends beyond
the end of the sparking plug shell:
Đầu sứ cách điện bougie.
l projected spark position n. amount
the sparking plug gap projects into
the combustion chamber: 1mm for
the slightly projected spark position
in older engines and 3 mm for the
normally projected spark position
in modern engines: Vị trí nhô ra
của đầu bougie (trong buồng đốt)
promoter n. substance embedded
in the washcoat on catalyst
substrates that serves to enhance
catalytic efficiency: Chất hoạt hóa
(hóa học) trong bộ xúc tác
propane n. colourless, flammable
gas used for cooking, heating
and as a fuel: Prôpan (khí
không màu, khí dễ cháy, dùng
làm nhiên liệu)
350
prop up
propeller (pump) n. impeller of a
propeller pump, characterized by a
small number of blades of double
curvature; propellers are generally
axial-flow impellers, seldom mixed-
flow ones: Cánh bơm
l propeller shaft n. generally
applicable to the long, jointed
shaft between the power unit
and differential, usually mounted
longitudinally from front to rear
on front-engine RWD vehicles. In
US English, it is drive shaft: Trục
truyền động (trục láp)
proportional load synchromesh n.
= locking synchromesh: Bộ đồng
tốc có khóa
l proportioning valve n. In US
English, it is pressure limiting
valve: Van giới hạn áp suất
prop shaft n. = propeller shaft: Trục
truyền động (trục láp)
propulsive power n. the force
with which a vehicle moves; the
pulling force; depends not only
on engine power and torque, but
also on the amount of friction
between driving wheels and road
surface: Lực đẩy
prop up v. to fix the bonnet in the
open position using the bonnet
support stay: Chống đỡ, đỡ lên
(nắp ca-pô )
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
protective coat(ing)
protective coat(ing) n. layer or layers
applied to a surface to provide
corrosion protection: Lớp sơn
bảo vệ
l protector washer n. filter disc
between the primary piston and
primary seal which supports and
protects the primary seal when the
brake system is under pressure:
Vòng đệm bảo vệ (phanh)
prototype n. a first full-scale and
usually functional form of a new
type or design of a vehicle: Nguyên
mẫu, mẫu đầu tiên của xe
PS = Power Steering: Hệ thống lái
có trợ lực
PSI = pound-force per square inch,
a measurement of pressure: Đơn
vị đo áp suất
PTFE = Poly-Tetra-Fluoro- Ethylene
PTO = Power Take-Off
puckering n = wrinkling: Sự nhăn,
nếp nhăn của lớp sơn
puddle lamp n. lamp in the bottom
of a luxury car door which
illuminates the area into which a
passenger is going to step when
the door is opened: Đèn sàn xe
(tại cửa xe)
pull v. (vehicle) to deviate towards
the side: Kéo, lôi
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
pull-in winding
pull away v. to drive away from a
standing start: Chuyển bánh
puller n. special automotive tool
used to remove gears, bearings,
pulleys, wheels and other parts
from shafts by a pulling action:
Cái cảo
pulley n. wheel with a grooved rim
to carry a belt, chain or rope: Puli,
ròng rọc
pull in v. to drive to the side of the
road or into a lay-by, etc. (and
stop): Ghé vào, tấp vào lề
pulling beam n. hydraulic ram
attached securely to the vehicle
at strong
points; pulling force is then applied to
the pulling beam to pull the frame
or sheet metal back into place:
Máy kéo khung xe (bị đụng)
l pulling post = post bolted to the
shop floor or fixed in a concrete
foundation which forms the
anchorage for the chain and
hydraulic jack assemblies to
straighten misaligned bodies: Cột
trụ để neo dây xích và đội thuỷ
lực khi nắn khung
pull-in winding n. winding as used
in a starter solenoid that does
the heavy pull-in work: Cuộn hút
(máy khởi động)
351
pull out
pull out v. (a) to drive away from
the side of a road: Phóng ra (từ
lề đường)
(b) to drive out from behind a vehicle
in front in order to overtake: Vượt
qua mặt
l pull-out door handle n. door
handle which is pulled away from
the door skin to open the door
from the outside: Tay nắm mở
cửa bên ngoài
pull over v. to drive to the side of
the road (and stop): Ghé vào lề
pull-type clutch n. clutch in which
the clutch release bearing is
pulled away from the flywheel
when the clutch is disengaged:
Ly hợp loại bạc đạn kéo
pull up v. to stop: Dừng lại
pulse air principle n. in air
induction system the method of
introducing secondary air into
the exhaust system by means of
aspirator valves actuated by the
pressure pulses of the exhaust
gas stream: Nguyên tắc dùng
dao động khí thải để nạp khí
vào ống thải
l pulse former or shaper n. circuit
for changing the waveform of a
signal: Mạch thay đổi dạng xung.
l pulse generator n. = pick-up
352
punch
module: Máy phát xung, cảm
biến điện từ
pump 1 n. machine that transforms
mechanical energy generated by
a prime mover into the energy of
a moving fluid: Máy bơm
2 v. to add kinetic and potential
energy to a liquid for the purpose
of moving it from one point to
another: Bơm
pump-fed lubrication n. = forced-
feed lubrication: Bôi trơn bằng
bơm, bôi trơn cưỡng bức
l pumping chamber n. =
precompression chamber: Buồng
bơm
l pump power output n. the energy
transferred by a pump to the
liquid pumped: Công suất phát ra
của bơm
l pump rotor n. a centrifugal pump
assembly consisting of the pump
shaft, impeller and further rotating
components, such as rotating
bearing and shaft sealing parts:
Rô-to của bơm ly tâm
l pump shaft n. shaft which
transmits the driver torque to the
impeller(s) of centrifugal pumps
or to the displacement element(s)
of rotary pumps: Trục bơm
punch n. tool for making holes or
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
puncture
driving out bolts, rivets and pins:
Cái đột lỗ, cái đục
puncture n. hole in a tyre made by
a sharp object and causing loss
of air pressure: Lỗ thủng lốp xe
punt chassis n. = back chassis:
Khung xe phía sau
PUR = Polyurethane: Loại nhựa
tổng hợp dùng chế tạo sơn
purge v. to get rid of impurities: Lọc,
làm trong sạch
push bar n. bar between the shoes
in a drum brake: Càng đẩy chống
trống phanh
l pushrod n. (a) steel or aluminium
rod linking the tappet to the rocker
arm in overhead valve (OHV)
engines: Đũa đẩy cò xú-páp
(b) rod which actuates the primary
piston in a master cylinder or
power brake: Cần đẩy (xylanh
cái).
l pushrod engine = overhead valve
engine: Động cơ có xú-páp trên
nắp máy
l pushrod measuring tool = tool
which measures the length of
pushrod needed in an engine; a
pushrod of proper length is vital
to keep the rocker in the centre
of the valve, minimize the risk of
breakage and extend the valve
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
PVC
guide life: Dụng cụ đo đũa đẩy cò
xú-páp
l push start n. = bump start: Khởi
động bằng trớn xe
l push-type clutch n. conventional
clutch in which the clutch release
bearing is pushed towards the
flywheel when the clutch is
disengaged: Ly hợp loại bạc
đạn đẩy
putty n. special paste used for repairing
minor panel imperfections, e.g.
chips or scratches on the filled
surface; it is used after normal
filling and gives an extremely
smooth surface: Keo trét
l putty knife = tool for scraping off dirt,
carbon, and paint or for applying
putty: Dao cạo keo, sơn, bùn
PVA = Ported Vacuum Advance
PVC = Polyvinyl Chloride
l PVC seam sealing = the sealing of
seams with PVC sealant to prevent
the penetration of corrosive agents:
Sự làm kín những đường nối bằng
nhựa PVC
l PVC tape = insulating tape: Băng
keo cách điện
l PVC underbody treatment =
treatment of the under of a vehicle
to protect it from chipping due to
gravel or stones and corrosive
353
PVC underseal PW

agents: Phương pháp bảo vệ sàn to the underbody of a vehicle:

xe bằng nhựa PVC Lớp sơn lót dưới sàn bằng
nhựa PVC
l PVC underseal (coating) =
protective PVC coating applied PW = Power Window: Kính điện

354 Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô

 Q quattro
Qq
Q letter on the sidewall of a tyre
denoting the maximum speed for
which it is designed (160 km/h or
100 mph): Ký tự trên vỏ xe chỉ tốc
độ tối đa 160 km/h
QTS = Quartz Tuning System: Hệ
thống dò đài tự động trong radio
quad-cam engine n. engine with four
camshafts: Động cơ bốn trục cam
quadrant n. (a) (transmission) guide
which indicates the position of
the gear selector of an automatic
gearbox: Bảng báo vị trí cài số
(b) (steering) the V-shaped toothed
section of a worm-and-section
steering box: phần răng dạng
chữ V của bánh vít trong hộp lái
quarter bumper n. type of shortened
bumper designed to give a car a
sporting image: Thanh cản ngắn
gắn thêm để xe có dáng thể thao
quarter-elliptic leaf spring n.
cantilevered half of a semi-elliptic
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
leaf spring, rigidly attached to a
vehicle at its major section and
carrying the axle at its end section:
Lá nhíp dạng một phần tư elip
quarter panel n. rear section of the
body shell which incorporates
the rear wing and usually also
the C-pillar: Trụ đỡ khung cửa
phía sau
quartz-halogen bulb n. high intensity
headlight bulb with a trace of a
halogen gas (such as iodine) in a
quartz envelope: Bóng đèn thạch
anh - halogen
l quartz tuning system (QTS ) n.
quartz- controlled tuning system
with digital tuning and frequency
display; uses micro-processor-
controlled PLL circuitry: Hệ thống
dò đài tự động trong radio
quattro (Italian) four; indicates that
a car has four-wheel drive: Xe hai
cầu chủ động (Ý)
355
quench quill shaft

quench v. (spark) to damp or major factors contributing to HC

suppress: Tắt, nguội, trui and CO concentrations in the
exhaust gas: Vùng lạnh trong
l quench zones n. those parts
buồng cháy (tỷ lệ hoà khí trong
within the combustion chamber of
vùng hơi nghèo do tiếp xúc với bề
an engine where the temperature
mặt lạnh của kim loại)
of the A/F mixture is lower
than necessary for optimum quick take-up valve n. residual
pressure valve with relief hole in
combustion, due to contact with
a brake master cylinder: Van cắt
the relatively cold metal surface;
áp suất dư (phanh)
incomplete combustion in the
quench zones is one of the two quill shaft n. hollow shaft: Trục rỗng

356 Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô

R radial bearing
Rr
R (a) = Reverse: Tay số lùi R
(b) letter on a fuel gauge indicating
low fuel; when first illuminated
it indicates that there is
approximately five litres left in
reserve: Ký tự trên đồng hồ đo
nhiên liệu chỉ mực nhiên liệu
trong thùng thấp
(c) letter on the sidewall of a tyre
denoting the maximum speed for
which it is designed (170 km/h or
105 mph): Ký tự trên cạnh vỏ xe
chỉ tốc độ tối đa 170 km/h
race 1 n. inner or outer cylindrical
ring holding the balls or rollers in
an antifriction: Vòng rế ổ bi
2 v. (engine) to run at high speed
when not in gear: Cho động cơ
chạy ở tốc độ cao (không cài số)
l racing start n. a start on a normal
street, e. g. at traffic lights, using
excessive throttle resulting in
wheelspin and tyre screeching:
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
Sự trượt bánh xe khi xuất phát
mà đạp ga gấp
rack n. long, toothed bar: Thanh răng
l rack-and-pinion steering n.
steering system in which a pinion
on the end of the steering shaft
meshes with a rack of gear teeth
on the major crossmember of the
steering linkage. It is opposite to
parallelogram steering: Cơ cấu
lái thanh răng – bánh răng
l rack galvanizing n. galvanizing
method for objects which can be
placed on a rack: Mạ kẽm với các
chi tiết đặt trên thanh răng
RAD = radiator: Bộ tản nhiệt, két
nước
radial bearing n. bearing designed
to absorb the radial forces acting
on a pump: Ổ bi thiết kế để giảm
lực xuyên tâm trong bơm
l radial clearance n. = radial play:
Khe hở xuyên tâm
357
radial shaft seal
l radial engine n. multi-cylinder
engine in which the cylinders
radiate from a central crankshaft:
Động cơ hình sao
l radial-flow pump n. end-suction
centrifugal pump with the liquid
flowing perpendicular to the
pump shaft: Bơm hướng tâm
l radial play n. bearing clearance in
the radial direction: Khe hở bạc
lót theo hướng tâm
l radial runout n. variation in the
radius of the tyre tread from the
wheel axis, making the tyre no
longer truly round; one of the
main causes of vehicle vibration:
Độ đảo hướng tâm
radial shaft seal n. typical seal
design used to prevent leaks
between stationary parts and
rotating shafts and to exclude
foreign matter: Cái phốt làm kín
trục quay
radial tyre n. tyre in which the plies are
placed radially, or perpendicular
to the rim, with a circumferential
belt on top of them; the rubber
tread is vulcanized on top of the
belt and plies: Vỏ xe có bố quấn
kiểu hướng tâm
radiator n. liquid-to-air heat
exchanger that transfers engine
heat to the outside air; consists of
358
radiator grille
many thin-walled tubes with metal
cooling fins that draw off heat
from the liquid (predominantly
water) inside them: Bộ tản nhiệt,
két nước
l radiator cap n. pressure cap at the
top of the radiator: Nắp két nước
l radiator drain cock n. radiator
tap; unlike the radiator drain plug,
tools are not required to drain
the coolant from a radiator with a
drain cock: Vòi xả két nuớc
l radiator drain plug = threaded
closure plug located at the
underside of a radiator used
to drain the coolant; usually
equipped with a hex or Allen
head: Ốc xả két nước
radiator fan n. In a water-cooled
engine, crankshaft-driven fan is
connected via a temperature-
sensitive viscous coupling, or
driven by an electric motor: Quạt
làm mát két nước
l radiator fan motor = electrically
operated motor responsible for
driving the radiator fan: Mô tơ
quạt két nước
radiator grille n. grating that admits
cooling air to the radiator: Vỉ két
nước
l radiator grille surround n. sheet
metal panel for mounting the
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
radiator tank
radiator grille; often combined
with the front apron to from a
single front panel: Đường viền
bao quanh vỉ két nước
l radiator hose n. rubber pipe
connecting the radiator to the
cylinder block: Ống cao su mềm
dẫn nước từ két qua động cơ và
ngược lại
l radiator hose shark tooth pliers
= special automotive tool for
removing and installing radiator
and heater hose; round and
toothed jaws securely grip the
hose whilts the handles provide
leverage to twist the hose free:
Kìm bóp ống két nước
l radiator support panel n. panel
located behind the radiator
grille surround which provides
a mounting for the radiator and
connects the mudguard skirts at
their front edge: Tấm (giá) đỡ két
nước
radiator tank n. reservoir containing
the coolant in a radiator: Bình
nước phụ
radio/cassette deck n. combined
radio and tape deck (R/C): Ngăn
chứa radio cassette
l radio choke n. electric coil
used to prevent static in the
radio caused by opening and
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
ramp
closing of the contact points in
the instrument voltage regulator:
Cuộn dây chống nhiễu
l radio data system (RDS) n.
system which interrupts a
radio broadcast with the latest
information on e.g. traffic
problems: Hệ thống ngắt sóng
radio để báo kẹt xe
l radio frequency interference
(RFI) n. interference generated
by the ignition system and
other electrical apparatus;
counteracted by suppressors:
Nhiễu radio do sóng điện từ
radius arm or rod n. additional
suspension link in a beam axle
layout providing fore-and-aft
location of the axle: Thanh đẩy
phụ của hệ thống treo (thanh kim
loại được lắp vào hai bên cầu xe
và sườn xe để giữ đúng vị trí nằm
ngang của cầu xe)
rain channel n. : Rãnh thoát nước
mưa.
rake (angle) n. angle of a slope, e.
g. caster angle: Góc nghiêng
ramp n. (a) equipment used to
support a vehicle’s front or rear
for underbody work: Con đội chết
(b) device used to raise a vehicle in
the air: Cầu nâng
359
ram pressure
l 2-post ramp: Cầu nâng hai trụ
l 4-post ramp: Cầu nâng bốn trụ
ram pressure n. pressure generated
by the deflection of the fluid flow
due to the curvature of the stator
blades, resulting in a momentum
acting on the turbine: Áp suất tạo
ra do sự lệch hướng dòng chảy
(tua-bin)
range-change n. = auxiliary
gearbox: Hộp số phụ
ratchet n. (a) toothed rack or wheel
which is engaged by a lever to
permit motion in one direction
only: Con cóc, bánh cóc (chạy
một chiều)
(b) drive handle with ratchet
mechanism that permits the
socket to rotate in one direction
only, i.e. the ratchet releases in
one direction, but catches in the
other: Cần siết hai chiều
l ratchet adaptor = converts a
torque wrench or drive handle
without a ratchet mechanism into
a reversible ratchet tool: Bộ phận
chuyển cần siết một chiều thành
hai chiều
l ratchet handle = ratchet
l ratchet screwdriver = screwdriver
with ratchet mechanism: Tuốc nơ
vít có bánh cóc
360
raw exhaust gas
rated capacity n. the quantity of
electricity which can be drawn
from a fully charged-battery for 20
hours by a constant discharging
current until cutoff voltage of 1.75
volts per cell is reached: Dung
lượng định mức của ắc quy
l rated power n. the horsepower
(or kilowatt) power output of an
engine: Công suất ra của động cơ
l rated voltage n. the voltage give
for electrical equipment or
devices which refers to specified
operating conditions: Điện áp
định mức
rationalization n. industrial re-
organization primarily aimed at
a more cost-effective and time-
saving production process: Sự
hợp lý hóa sản xuất
rat-tail file n. (informal) round file:
Giũa tròn
Ravigneaux planetary gear set
n. comprises two sun gears of
different diameters, one internal
gear, and several planet: Bộ bánh
răng hành tinh Ravigneaux
raw exhaust gas n. exhaust gas
upstream of any emission control
device, e.g. before it passes
through a catalytic concerter: Khí
thải chưa xử lí
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
R/C
l raw rubber n. natural rubber
which has been vulcanized: Cao
su thô
R/C = radio/cassette deck: Ngăn
chứa radio cassette
RDS = radio data system
reach n. In sparking plug, distance
from the sealing washer to the
end of the thread: Chiều dài phần
ren đầu bu-gi
reaction distance n. the time
needed to respond to a situation,
translated into the distance
required for this, depending on the
speed of travel; braking distance
plus reaction distance equals the
stopping distance: Thời gian đáp
ứng phanh
reaction injection moulding (RIM)
n. processing technique for
the production of large foamed
(automotive) components, based
on the simultaneous injection of
the liquid components and the
chemical reaction in the mould:
Kỹ thuật xử lý khi sản xuất những
chi tiết chất dẻo bằng phương
pháp ép khuôn
l reactive suspension n. = electronic
ride control
l reactor one-way clutch n. = stator
roller clutch
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
rear
real-time four-wheel drive n. automatic
four-wheel drive engagement by
means of an electro-hydraulic
clutch or a viscous coupling
incorporated in the drive train:
Truyền động bốn bánh tự động
qua ly hợp điện-thuỷ lực hoặc
khớp nhớt
ream v. to enlarge (e.g. worn valve
guides) with a reamer: Khoan,
xoáy rộng thêm
l reamer n. conically or cylindrically
shaped tool with longitudinally
cut teeth for manual or machine
operation, used for precision
finishing of bores: Dao xoáy xi-lanh
rear 1 n. the back: Phía sau, đằng
sau
2 a. at the back: Ở phía sau
l rear apron = rear valance
l rear axle cross member n.
tubular frame member at the rear
of the body shell that incorporates
the mounting points for the rear
axle, e.g. on the VW Beetle and the
Porsch 911: Thanh ngang cầu sau
l rear (axle) differential n. differential
situated in the final drive of the
transmission assembly in a
conventional rearwheel drive car:
Bộ vi sai cầu sau
l rear bulkhead n. vertical panel
361
rear bumper skirt
across the width of the car that
extends behind the rear seat
backrest and separates the
interior from the trunk: Vách ngăn
giữa ghế sau và ngăn để đồ
l rear bumper skirt n. rear bumper
with integral skirt; a large plastic
mounting: Thanh cản sau
l rear cabin pillar n. C-pillar: Trụ đỡ
cabin phía sau
l rear end n. the rear part of the body
shell, extending approximately
from the rear seat pan to the rear
apron of the car, incorporating the
boot floor: Đuôi xe
l rear engine n. engine located at
the rear of a vehicle but outside
the wheelbase (i.e. behind rear
wheels): Động cơ đặt phía sau
l rear fog light or lamp n. red light
of the same intensity as a brake
light: Đèn sương mù đằng sau
l rear-hinged door n. older type
of door construction that had the
hinges at the rear of the door:
Cửa bản lề phía sau
l rear lamp cluster n. group of
lights at the rear corner of a
vehicle, commonly comprising:
tail lamp, brake lamp, reversing
lamp, rear fog lamp, reflector,
direction indicator: Cụm đèn sau
362
rear seat belt
l rear light surround n. separate
panel spot-welded at the juncture
between the trailing edge of the
rear wing and the rear valance
to provide a mounting base for
the rear lights: Đường viền bao
quanh đèn sau
l rear numberplate light or lamp n.
while light illuminating the rear
number plate: Đèn bảng số phía
sau xe
l rear panel n. the panel of the
body shell set underneath the
bootlid; sometimes referred to
as the rear valance if the area
below the bootlid consists of a
single panel only that extends
down to the bottom of the body; in
many designs, however, the rear
valance is a separate horizontal
panel that extends from the rear
bumper area downwards. In US
English, it is back panel: Pa-nô
phía sau
rear seat belt n. inertia reel belt
fitted at each end of the rear
seats; a passeng erriding in the
middle of the rear seats must be
satisfied with just a lap belt, which
many safety experts regard as
inadequate: Dây đai an toàn chỗ
ngồi phía sau
l rear side window n. may refer
to various types of side body
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
rear valance
glass; the side window between
the B- and C- posts of two-
door saloons, the rearmost side
window of estate cars between
the C- and D-post, i.e. behind the
rear seat backrest, and the third
side window found on some four-
door saloons behind the rear side
doors: Cửa hông phía sau
l rear spoiler n. aerofoil mounted
on the rear deck, typically made
of shock-resistant polyurethane
with paintable matt black finish;
effective only at high speeds, but
frequently used for the sake of
appearance: Thanh khí động ở
đuôi xe
rear valance n. separate panel
set below the rear panel
which extends approximately
from behind the rear bumper
downwards to protect the rear
end from splashes of mud: Tấm
che bùn sau
l rear-view mirror n. mirror that
enables the driver to see what
is behind him/her without turning
round. Although all the driver’s
mirrors are rear-view, this usually
refers to the interior mirror:
Gương chiếu hậu bên trong
l rear wash/wipe system n.
electrical system for cleaning the
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
rear-wheel drive
rear window, comprising a water
pump, reservoir and wiper: Hệ
thống gạt xịt nước kính sau
rear-wheel drive n. configuration
in which the rear wheels of the
vehicle are driven (RWD): Truyền
động bánh sau
l rear-wheel drive transaxle =
rear-wheel drive construction
incorporating a transmission-
differential unit placed between
the rear wheels of a front-engined
car: Transaxle (hộp số và cầu)
dành cho xe cầu sau chủ động
l rear window n. central window
at the rear of a vehicle. In US
English, it is backlight: Kính phía
sau
l rear window heating = heating
element that demists inside and
de-ices outside. In US English, it
is backlight heater system: Xông
kính sau.
l rear window louvers = plastic
molding attached to the rear
window which deflects sun rays
to keep the interior cool; usually
hinged to lift up for easy window
cleaning: Tấm che nắng phía sau
l rear wing n. body panel which
partially encloses a rear wheel:
Vè bánh sau
363
reboard system
reboard system n. child restraint
system typically installed
backwards on the front passenger
seat and having the benefit that
the child’s relatively heavy head is
pressed into the back of the child
seat instead of being displaced
forward in a frontal: Ghế bảo vệ
trẻ em đặt đối diện với ghế hành
khách trước
rebore 1 n. regrinding cylinder
bores: Sự xoáy lại (xi-lanh)
2 v. to regrind worn or damaged
cylinder bores before fitting
oversize pistons: Xoáy xi-lanh
rebound clip n. metal clip that holds
the leaves of a multi-leaf spring
together: Ngàm nhíp
l rebound stroke n. (shock
absorber) downstroke of a
piston in a spring damper: Hành
trình đi xuống của pít-tông trong
bộ giảm xóc
rebuild v. to recondition: Tân trang,
làm lại máy
l rebuilt engine = engine
reassembled using either
new parts or reconditioned
components: phục hồi động cơ.
recap = In US English and Australian,
it is retread: Lốp xe đắp lại (tân
trang vỏ xe)
364
reciprocating compressor
receiver n. (a) (e. g. of radio
remote control system device
that receives incoming electrical
or radio signals. It is opposite to
transmitter: Bộ phận thu tín hiệu
trong điều khiển từ xa
(b) With trailer towing, steel
tubing and channel structure that
accepts the ball-mount platform
of a removable trailer coupler:
Khớp nối rơ moóc
l receiver-drier n. device on the
high side of an air-conditioning
system, somewhere between the
condenser and the expansion
valve, which stores excess
refrigerant and removes moisture
from the refrigerant; consists of
a tank, a filter, a drying agent, a
pick-up tube, and, on some units,
a sight glass: Lọc ga (trong hệ
thống lạnh)
recessed spark position n. position
where the spark gap is actually
in the shell of the sparking plug;
used for racing and special
engines: Vị trí tia lửa ngang trong
loại bu-gi đặc biệt cho xe đua
rechargeable battery n. = storage
battery: Pin sạc
reciprocating compressor n. a
positive displacement compressor
with reciprocating pistons;
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
recirculating ball steering
rarely used for supercharging,
more frequently used for air
conditioning: Máy nén có piston
chuyển động tịnh tiến
l reciprocating engine n. engine
with a piston that moves to and
fro, coming to a standstill at each
reversal: Động cơ có pít-tông
chuyển động tịnh tiến
l reciprocating pump n. = piston
charging pump: Bơm pít-tông
chuyển động tịnh tiến
recirculating ball steering n. special
version of the worm-and-nut
steering in which ball bearings
circulate between nut and worm
to reduce friction: Hệ thống lái
có bánh vít và đai ốc di chuyển
ăn khớp với nhau, giữa có bi di
chuyển
reconditioned engine or (informal)
recon n. worn engine that has
been given a new lease of life by
reboring the cylinders, regrinding
the crankshaft journals and
generally replacing any worn or
damaged parts: Động cơ đã đại tu
recreational vehicle n. any vehicle
used for pleasure rather than
business or transport (e.g. dune
buggies) (RV): Xe phục vụ giải trí
rectangular-section ring n. compres-
sion ring with a rectangular cross
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
reducer
section: Xéc-măng có mặt cắt
hình chữ nhật
l rectangular headlamp n. modern
shape of headlamp as opposed to
the traditional circular headlamp:
Đèn đầu hình chữ nhật
rectifier diode n. (in alternator)
semiconductor diode that
converts alternating current to
direct current: Đi-ốt chỉnh lưu
l rectifier pack n. (of alternator)
diode heat sink with diodes: Vỉ
tản nhiệt bộ chỉnh lưu
recycling car n. a car built with
recycled materials and designed
so as to facilitate recycling: Xe
chế tạo bằng vật liệu tái chế
red lead n. poisonous, bright-red
powder, soluble in excess glacial
acetic acid and dilute hydrochloric
acid; used for corrosion
protection: Oxit chì màu đỏ dùng
để sơn lót
red line n. on a tachometer, the top
speed range which is marked
red as sign of excssive engine
speeds: Mức báo động vượt quá
tốc độ cho phép trên đồng hồ tốc
độ động cơ
reducer n. solvent used to dilute
synthetic enamels but not
compatible with lacquer paints:
365
reducing agent
Chất tẩy men tổng hợp
reducing agent n. (in chemical
reactions) material which adds
electrons to an element or
compound, i.e. which increases
the positiveness of its valence:
Chất khử
l reducing catalyst n. a catalyst
such as rhodium which converts
nitrogen oxides into harmless
nitrogen and oxygen in a reducing
catalytic converter: Chất xúc tác
khử oxyt nitơ trong bộ xúc tác
l reducing furnace n. section
in continuous galvanizing lines
in which the oxygen content of
steel surfaces is reduced at 900
- 980 0C by means of hydrogen:
Lò giảm hàm lượng oxy trên bề
mặt thép bằng hydro trong dây
chuyền mạ
l reduction n. chemical reaction in
which an element gains electrons,
i. e. , has an increase in positive
valence: Sự khử
reduction gearbox n. gearbox
located at the wheels, which
reduces the drive speed and may
also increase ground clearance;
often found on 4wd off-road
vehicles: Hộp số giảm tốc
reed n. part of reed valve made
of flexible steel, or of glass fibre
366
reference ignition pattern
reinforced resin, attached to the
valve case and normally closed:
Lưỡi gà (trong van lưỡi gà)
reed stop n. component of a reed
valve used to limit upward travel
of the reed: Bệ lưỡi gà (giới hạn
hành trình lưỡi gà)
reed valve n. control element
which allows the passage of an
operating medium into or out of a
chamber: Van lưỡi gà
l reed valve induction timing =
using a reed valve located in the
intake system to control induction
timing: Điều khiển thời điểm hút
bằng van lưỡi gà
reface v. general term for
reconditioning of the interface
between valves and their seats
in the cylinder head; depending
on valve seat condition, refacing
may involve lapping, grinding or
cutting: Rà lại, mài lại đế xú-páp
reference ignition pattern n.
oscilloscope pattern of an intact
ignition system for comparison
purposes: Dạng xung chuẩn
đánh lửa vít dùng để so sánh
l reference input n. in closed-loop
control, the reference input is fed
to a controller that changes a
controlled variable in a controlled
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
reflectance
system to achieve a certain
output condition or actual value:
Giá trị so sánh (điều khiển kín)
l reference mark sensor n.
magnetic pick-up attached to the
flywheel for sensing the crankshaft
position and transferring the signal
to the electronic control unit, which
calculates the ignition point; the
reference mark sensor scans a
pin or a hole in the flywheel and
produces one output signal per
crankshaft revolution: Cảm biến
vị trí trục khuỷu (thường nằm trên
bánh đà)
l reference temperature n. the
temperature at which measuring
tools and pieces being worked
on must have the specified
measurements unless the
contrary is expressly stated:
Nhiệt độ chuẩn để so sánh
l refinish system n. complete
product lines and product
support offered by many paint
manufacturers for respray
operations in body shops; these
onclude all materials from primers
and thinners to the topcoat plus
additional respray products; all
products are matched for optimum
results: Cụm dây chuyền sơn
reflectance n. ratio of reflected
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
refrigeration cycle
luminous flux to that reflected
from an ideal, perfectly reflecting
surface when similarly illuminated:
Hệ số phản xạ ánh sáng
l reflector n. (a) part of a headlamp
which receives light from the bulb
and reflects it back through the
lens: Chóa đèn pha
(b) part of a rear lamp cluster which
reflects the light from headlamps
behind: Tấm phản chiếu ánh
sáng ở đuôi xe
refrigerant n. (in air-conditioning
sustems) substance used in
refrigerating systems; automotive
air conditioners now use non-
Freon systems as well as the
refrigerant R-12 (Freon) as a
heat transfer medium: Môi chất
làm lạnh, lãnh chất
l refrigerant accumulator =
accumulator-drier: Lọc ga
refrigeration cycle n. (in air-
conditioning systems) refrigerant
in vapour from is pressurized in
the compressor, air-cooled in
the condenser and becomes a
liquid which passes through the
receiver-drier into low-pressure
liquid. It then flows through the
evaporator where it expands
again and starts to boil, absorbing
heat from the core and cooling
367
regenerative braking
the air going into the passenger
compartment. The compressor
draws off the low-pressure
vaporized refrigerant and recyles
it: Chu trình làm lạnh
regenerative braking n. system
in which an electric motor can
be switched to generator mode
when braking, so that the kinetic
energy involved may be stored in
the battery: Hãm điện động cho
động cơ điện (biến thành máy
phát lúc hãm)
register (with) v. to align with:
Thẳng hàng
registered keeper n. the person who
keeps the car, i.e. who is registered
and pays tax (and insurance) for
the car; not necessarily the same
as the owner or the driver: Người
đăng ký xe
l registration n. act of entering
the details of a new vehicle in a
supervised record: Sự đăng ký
(ô tô)
l registration document = papers
giving details of a vehicle,
including its manufacturer, date of
registration, engine and chassis
numbers, and owner’s name: Thẻ
đăng bộ xe
l registration number = unique
sequence of letters and numbers
368
relay
assigned to a vehicle when it is
registered, usually indicating the
year and place of registration,
displayed on numberplates on
the front and rear of the vehicle:
Số đăng ký xe
l registration plate = numberplate:
Bảng số đăng ký xe
regrind 1 v. to smooth and polish
again (e. g. valve seats): Mài lại
regulated proportioning valve n.
= load-sensitive proportioning
valve: van phân phối theo tải
regulator n. any device which controls
fluid flow, pressure, temperature,
voltage, etc.: Bộ điều chỉnh
reinforce v. to increase the strength
of plastics by filling them with
whiskers of glass, metal, fibres,
etc.: Gia cố, tăng cường.
relative humidity (RH) n.
dimensionless ratio of the actual
vapour pressure of the air to the
saturation vapour pressure: Độ
ẩm tương đối
relay n. (a) automatic device
which controls the setting of a
valve, switch, etc. by means of
an electric motor, solenoid, or
pneumatic mechanism: Rơ-le tự
động
(b) (electronics) electrical device in
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
release gent repair

which a small change in current or combined with the air gulp valve:
voltage controls the switching on Van an toàn
or off of circuits or other devices:
reline v. to replace the brake shoes
Rơ-le
in drum brakes: Thay bố phanh
release gent n. a substance to trống (phanh)
prevent a moulding, i. e. a GRP
reluctor n. (magnetic pick-up
part, from sticking to the mould
assembly) = trigger wheel:
and to facilitate its removal from
Rotor, bánh răng trong cảm biến
the mould; as opposed to release
điện từ
wax, this is marketed in liquid
form only: Chất rửa khuôn remote control n. (a) control of
something from a distance: Sự
l release bearing n. = clutch release
điều khiển từ xa
bearing: Bạc đạn tách ly hợp
(b) the device used for this: Thiết
l release button n. button at the
bị dùng để điều khiển từ xa
end of the handbrake lever which,
when depressed, allows the pawl l remote-control locking = central
to be released from the ratchet: locking operated by a remote
nút nhả phanh tay control from outside the car: Khóa
điều khiển từ xa
l release lever n. = clutch release
lever: Cần tách ly hợp l remote starter switch n. special
automotive tool that allows the
l releasing fluid n. penetrating oil
ignition switch to be bypassed for
for loosening seized parts: Dầu
cranking the engine: Công tắc để
dùng để làm lỏng chi tiết bị dính
khởi động từ xa
do gỉ sét
remould v. & n. = retread: Đắp lại
relief passage n. = bypass: Đường
lốp xe
vòng, đường rẽ
removable rim n. = detachable
l relief valve n. (a) = pressure
RIM: Vành bánh có thể tháo rời
relief valve
repair v. & n. 1 v. mending something
(b) valve in the air pump of an air
which is broken or has been
injection system which dumps
damaged: Sửa chữa
part of the air at high pump speeds
to prevent pump damage; may be 2 n. to restore something to working

Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô 369

repeater
condition, e.g. by reconditioning,
rebuilding, replacing: Sự sửa
chữa
l repair kit = kit for the overhaul
of parts such as carburettors,
generators, pumps, universal
joints, etc.: Nguyên cụm vật tư để
đại tu động cơ
l repair section = special panel
supplied for body repairs that
does not include the full panel
used for assembling the car but
only the most vulnerable areas;
i. e. for wings, separate repair
sections are supplied for the
headlamp area and the bottom
wing edges, where damage
usually occurs: Những bộ phận
rời để sửa chữa phần thân xe
repeater (lamp) n. direction indicator
on the side of a vehicle: Đèn xi
nhan (báo rẽ) bên hông xe
replacement panel n. body panel
supplied for repair purposes;
sometimes also used to denote
a repair section: Tấm khung để
thay thế
l replacement vehicle n. a car
lent by a dealer to a customer
while the customer’s car is under
repair: Xe garage cho mượn chạy
tạm khi sửa chữa xe khách hàng
replenishing port n. port in the
370
reseat
master cylinder body which
connects the fluid reservoir to the
annulus of the primary piston: Lỗ
cung cấp trong xylanh cái của hệ
thống phanh
replica or reproduction panel n. =
pattern panel
rep mobile n. (informal) car used
by a sales representative: Xe của
đại lý bán hàng
required ignition voltage n. maximum
high voltage required to produce a
spark under particular conditions:
Hiệu điện thế đánh lửa.
RES = A button is used to resume
preset cruising speed on cruise
control: Nút nhấn để quay lại tốc
độ đã chạy (ga tự động)
research octane number n. fuel
octane rating determined by
the research octane test, one of
many test procedures (RON). :
Chỉ số ôctan nghiên cứu
RON = Research Octane Number
= fuel octane rating determined
by the research octane test, one
of many test procedures: Chỉ số
octan nghiên cứu
reseat v. to recut a valve seat after
repeated grinding-in has worn it
out of shape: Làm lại bệ xú-páp
mới
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
reserve capacity
reserve capacity n. the time, in
minutes, a battery can maintain a
discharge rate of 25 amps: Dung
lượng dự trữ của ắc quy tính
bằng phút khi phóng dòng 25 A
reservoir n. (a) any container filled
with fluid: Thùng chứa, bình chứa
(chất lỏng)
(b) (double-tube shock absorber)
the space between the outer
and inner tubes of a double-
tube shock absorber which takes
up the oil squeezed out of the
working chamber corresponding
to the volume of the piston
rod immersed in the working
chamber: Ngăn chứa dầu trong
ống nhún kép
reshaping n. panel beating process
for removing dents: the panel is
brought roughly into its original
shape before detailed work is
performed in the finishing stage;
may also refer to the process of
forming a panel from sheet steel:
Gò lại
residual check valve n. = residual
pressure valve: Van áp suất dư
l residual exhaust gases n.
exhaust gas remaining the
cylinder of a two-stroke engine
after the exhaust ports have been
closed, i. e. these gases have
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
resin
not been scavenged: Khí thải sót
trong xy lanh (2 kỳ)
l residual pressure valve n. valve
mounted in the cylinder outlet
between piston and brake lines
of drum brake circuits; maintains
a certain minimum pressure in
the system; disc brakes do not
require a residual pressure valve:
Van áp suất dư
resin n. synthetic, usually organic,
material with a polymeric structure
which, especially after having
been treated with plasticizer,
stabilizer, etc., becomes hard
when dry: Nhựa
l resistance thermometer n.
an electrical temperature
sensor which, in contrast to a
thermocouple, needs an external
voltage supply; the actual sensing
element is a resistor whose
resistance is an accurate indication
of temperature: Cảm biến nhiệt
điện trở
l resistance welding n. a fusion
welding method using electric
current and pressure; includes
spot, seam, projection, and butt
welding: Kỹ thuật hàn bấm.
l resistivity n. ability of a material
not to conduct electricity. It is
371
resonator
opposite to conductivity: Điện trở
suất.
l resistor n. component that reduces
the current in an electrical circuit:
Điện trở
l resistor sparking plug = sparking
plug containing a resistor to
suppress interference with audio-
visual reception: Điện trở đặt
trong bougie (để chống nhiễu)
resonator n. (a) any device that
attenuates pressure spikes: Bộ
phận giảm dao động áp suất
(b) first silencer in a two-silencer
system: Ống pô thứ nhất (loại 2
pô nối tiếp)
respray v. & n. (to add) a coat (or
several coats) of paint to the
existing finish. It is notoriously
difficult to match the colour of
a resprayed panel to that of the
original paintwork: Phun sơn lại
(v.), sự phun sơn lại (n.)
restoration n. any extensive repair
work that is not limited to standard
reconditioning but is of far greater
scope, including remanufacture
of certain parts, stripping to the
last nut and bolt and verification
of each and every component:
Sự tân trang xe
restraint system n. general term for
occupant safety systems such
372
retard
as seat belts, belt tensioners, air
bags, child seats, etc.: Hệ thống
an toàn cho người sử dụng xe
restrictor n. = nozzle retrictor
resurfacing n. if the cylinder
head is warped due to thermal
differences, its mating surface
will have to be machined to
ensure firstly that a level surface
is created and secondly that
the engine's compression ratio
is not increased to above a
tolerable value: Sự rà lại bề mặt
nắp máy
retainer n. = pad retainer (pin):
Chốt hãm
l retainer plate n. plate which
prevents a value from sliding out
of its bore: Đĩa giữ
l retainer spring tool n. special
automotive tool used on drum
brakes for restraining the shoe
retaining springs for removal and
installation; comes in a variety of
shapes, e.g. as a screwdriver-
type tool with a special socket
end to trip retaining washers:
Dụng cụ kẹp lò xo sử dụng để
tháo lắp phanh loại tang trống
retard v. (ignition timing) to
cause the spark to occur later. It
is opposite to advance: Đánh lửa
trễ, muộn
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
retract
l retarded a. occurring late. It is
opposite to advanced: Xảy ra trễ,
muộn
l retarder n. (a) additive to
decrease the evaporation rate
of a thinner or reducer in paint;
used to improve viscosity in hot
weather: Phụ gia làm chậm sự
bốc hơi của chất pha sơn
(b) auxiliary brake used on
commercial vehicles and coaches
(it is a requirement in some EU
countries): Phanh phụ
retract v. to draw back, pull back or
rewind: Xếp lại, rút lại, co lại
l retractable aerial = telescopic
aerial: Anten xếp
l retractable headlights = concealed
headlights: Đèn đầu xếp được
l retractor n. (seat belt) device
which locks the reel of a seat belt
when the forward acceleration of
the occupants exceeds a certain
value: Cơ cấu rút dây đai an toàn
retread 1 v. to attach a new tread to
a used tyre by vulcanization: Đắp
lại lốp xe
2 n. (informal) a retreaded tyre.
It is called recap in the USA and
Australia: Lốp xe đắp lại
retrofit v. to equip a vehicle with new
parts after manufacture: Trang bị
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
reverse
thêm những bộ phận mới trên xe
sau khi mua
REV = Revolution: Số vòng quay,
tốc độ động cơ
l rev counter n. Informally, it is
tachometer: Đồng hồ đo tốc độ
động cơ
reverse 1 v. to drive backwards. In
US English, it is to back up: Lái lùi
lại, de xe
2 n. It shorts for reverse gear (R):
Số lùi
l reverse clutch n. clutch which
couples the components of
planetary gear sets or trains in
such a way that the vehicle can be
driven backwards: Ly hợp số lùi
l reverse-flow scavenging n.
scavenging system for two-
stroke engines in which a cylinder
has two pairs of transfer ports, at
the front and rear respectively,
with two exhaust ports located
on either side of the two pairs
of transfer ports; the incoming
streams of mixture spread
out like a fan, are deflected
downward and expel the spent
gases: Sự đổi chiều của dòng
khí quét (hai kỳ)
l reverse (gear) n. very low gear
for driving backwards, denoted
373
rev limiter
by the letter R on a gear knob or
gear selector: Số lùi R
l reverse inhibitor valve = valve
which prevents the engagement
of the reverse clutch in automatic
transmissions if the vehicle road
speed exceeds 10 km/h: Van cắt
ly hợp số lùi trong hộp sô tự động
khi tốc độ lớn hơn 10km/h
l reversible (gear) puller n. puller
with two or more reversible jaws,
allowing it to be used for inside and
outside pulling: Cảo nhiều răng
l reversing light n. light at the
rear of a vehicle which comes on
automatically when reverse gear is
engaged and illuminates the road
behind the vehicle. In US English,
it is back-up light: Đèn lùi
l reversing warning signal = metal in the platinum family;
beeper alarm that sounds when
a commercial vehicle engages
reversegear. In US English, it is
back-up alarm: Tín hiệu báo lùi xe
rev limiter n. = engine speed limiter:
Bộ phận giới hạn tốc độ động cơ
l revolution counter n. (a)
tachometer, which measures the
engine speed in rpm (b) counter
which counts the total revolutions
of a shaft (as opposed to rpm):
Đồng hồ ghi số vòng quay
374
rich
l revolutions per minute (rpm) n.
number of times the crankshaft
turns in one minute: Số vòng
quay trong một phút
RFI = Radio Frequency Interference
= Sự nhiễm sóng radio
l RFIP = Suppressed Sparking
Plugs = fully shielded and resistor
sparking plugs: Bu-gi chống gây
nhiễu vô tuyến
RH = relative humidity: Độ ẩm
tương đối
right hand: Ở bên tay phải
l RHD = Right-Hand Drive: Xe tay
lái nghịch
rheostat n. resistor with variable
resistance: Biến trở
rhodium n. a silver-white noble
atomic number 45, atomic weight
102.905; used in thermocouples
and, together with other platinum
metals, as a catalyst in catalytic
converters: Chất Rođi (hóa học)
rib n. (a) structural member for
reinforcing bodywork: Thanh gia
cố khung xe
(b) ridge on the sidewall of a tyre to
protect it from damage on impact
with the kerb: Gân, gờ vỏ xe
rich a. of an air/ fuel mixture that
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
ride
has more petrol than normal. It is
opposite to lean: Giàu (hỗn hợp
hòa khí)
l rich mixture = a mixture with
more fuel than can be burned
by the oxygen contained in the
air / fuel charge. It is opposite
to lean mixture: Hỗn hợp hòa khí
giàu xăng
ride n. degree of comfort, especially
with regard to the suspension,
experienced by the passengers:
Sự rung xóc của xe mà hành
khách cảm nhận
l ride height n. = ground clearance:
Khoảng sáng gầm xe
l rideheight adjuster = ground
clearance control
l ride levelling n. = automatic level
control (system)
ridge n. (a) the cutting edge of a
screw thread (surmounting the
flanks): Đỉnh ren
(b) In wheel rims, which is hump: Cái
gờ, cái bướu của niềng bánh xe
right-hand drive n. steering system
in which the steering wheel is
located on the right-hand side
of the vehicle; used for driving
on the left, as in the UK, Japan,
Australia, etc. (RHD). It is
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
RIM designation
opposite to left-hand drive: Xe tay
lái nghịch
l right-hand thread n. thread
which will accept a nut turned
clockwise: Ren thuận, ren phải
rigid a.inflexible, without any flexural
or elastic characteristic: Cứng,
không mềm dẻo
l rigid axle = rear axle which may
be either live (in rear-wheel drive
cars) or dead (in front-wheel drive
cars): Trục cứng, cầu bị động
RIM = Reaction Injection Moulding
= (a) the part of a wheel that
connects the wheel disc with
the tyre; its basic purpose is
to provide support to the lower
sidewall: Niềng bánh xe
(b) In bodywork repair, the outer
edge of a dented area that is heat
shrunk towards the centre of the
dent: Viền xung quanh chỗ móp
khi hàn
RIM designation n. the nominal rim
diameter, nominal rim width and
any abbreviations and codes for
the contour of the rim: Thông số
niềng bánh xe
l RIM diameter n. the distance
between the intersection of the
bead seats and the vertical walls of
the rim flanges: Đường kính niềng
375
RIM width
l RIM flange n. the part of a rim that
supports the tyre bead in a lateral
direction; the linear distance
between the two rim flanges
is termed rim width: Mép vành
bánh xe
l RIM ridge n. = hump: Vòng gân
vành bánh xe
l rim size n. comprises the rim width
and rim diameter and is measured
in inches: Kích cỡ niềng
l RIM type n. depending on the type
of tyre, rim types differ according to
the rim profile and the number of
rim parts: Kiểu, loại niềng
RIM width n. the nominal distance
between the rim flanges: Bề
ngang vành bánh xe
l ring belt n. the lands and rings of
a piston: Vùng đầu pít-tông
l ring expander n. = piston ring
pliers: Kìm tháo xéc-măng
l ring gap n. the gap between the
piston ring ends with the piston
installed in the bore: Khe hở
miệng xéc-măng
l ring gear n. An annulus gear,
crown wheel or toothed rim of
a flywheel which engages the
pinion of the starter motor: Vòng
răng bánh đà
l ring spanner n. spanner whose
376
road tax
head fits completely round a nut:
Chìa khóa vòng
rivet n. short metal pin with a head
at one end, for joining two or
more pteces together; a second
head is formed at the other end
by hammering it flat, to secure
the connection: Đinh tán
l rivet gun or riveter = tool with
pliers-like handles and nose oiece
to insert rivets; used, for example,
in body repair work to rivet sheet
metal material together: Súng
bắn đinh tán
road-draft tube n. In US English,
it is oil breather pipe: Ống thông
hơi dầu
l road fund licence n. licence
showing that road tax has been
paid: Giấy đóng lệ phí cầu đường
l road hog n. (informal) a selfish,
often aggressive driver: Người lái
xe bạt mạng
l road speed n. vehicle speed
along a road, measured in mph
or km/h: Tốc độ xe đường trường
roadster n. open two-seater with a
folding top made of unlined canvas:
Loại xe mui trần, hai chỗ ngồi
road tax n. annual tax paid in order
to use a vehicle on the roads:
Thuế cầu đường
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
robot spraying
l road test n. (a) a test to check
that a car is roadworthy after
repair: Kiểm tra xe bằng cách chạy
thử trên đường sau khi sửa chữa
(b) a test of a car (e. g. a new model)
in actual use; for example, by a
magazine for comparison with
other models: Thử xe mới để
kiểm tra tính năng sử dụng
l road-test v. to give a vehicle a
road test: Kiểm tra xe trên đường
trường
l road train n. several linked trailers
pulled by a large truck; common
in Australia for transporting stock:
Xe đầu kéo nhiều rơ moóc
l roadworthiness n. being fit to be
driven on the roads: Sự thích hợp
để chạy trên một đường trường
(của một chiếc xe)
robot spraying n. application of paint
by robots: Người máy phun sơn
rocker (arm) n. lever which rotates
around a shaft pushing down
(opening) the valve with one end
while the other end is pushed
up by the pushrod; the valve is
closed again by spring pressure:
Cần đẩy, cò mổ (xú-páp)
l rocker arm shaft = shaft on
which the rocker arm pivots: Trục
cần đẩy (cò mổ)
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
roll
l rocker box or rocker cover n.
cylinder head cover above the
valve train. In US English, it is
valve cover: Nắp dàn cò xú-páp
l rocker cover gasket = gasket
between the cylinder head and
the rocker cover; usually either
a flat paper or cork gasket or
an O-ring: Đệm kín nắp dàn cò
xú-páp.
l rocker panel n. = sill: Ngưỡng cửa.
l rocker shaft n. the outgoing shaft
of the steering gearbox, to which
the drop arm is connected. In
US English, which is cross-shaft:
Trục rẽ quạt
roll (angle) n. angular displacement
of a vehicle about its longitudinal
axis, i. e. tendency of a vehicle
to heel over when cornering or
in high cross winds: Góc lăn, góc
quay (xe)
l roll axis n. axis through the front
and rear roll centres: Trục lăn
l roll bar n. strong, tubular bar
which reinforces the roof of a
car, especially one used for
occupants if the car should
overturn: Thanh lăn
l roll centre n. the theoretical
point between the front wheels or
back wheels about which the car
377
roller
body rolls when cornering; any
centrifugal force causes the body
to rotate about the roll centre: tâm
quay
roller n. non-spherical rolling element
in a roller bearing: Con lăn, bi đũa
l roller bearing = antifriction
bearing with non-spherical rolling
elements: Ổ bi đũa
l roller cage = cage containing the
rollers in a roller bearing: Rế bi
đũa
Roller n. = Rolls-Royce: Hiệu xe
Rolls-Royce
roller cell pump n. = roller-vane
pump: Bơm cánh con lăn
l roller chain n. power-transmitting
chain in which each link consists
of two free-moving rollers located
by pins connected to sideplates:
Dây xích con lăn
l roller dynamometer n.
dynamometer attached to a
rolling road: Băng thử công suất
dạng con lăn
l roller tappet n. connecting
link between the lower end of
a pushrod and the camshaft,
equipped with one roller to
roduce the friction between the
pushrod or tappet and the cam
during engine operation: Con đội
378
rolling bearing
lăn giữa đũa xú- páp và trục cam
l roller-vane pump n. rotary vane
pump with rollers as pumping
elements which slide against
the pump body when the rotor
rotates: Bơm cánh con lăn
rolling bearing n. = anti-friction
bearing
l rolling circumference n. the
circumference of a loaded tyre:
Vết lăn của bánh xe khi có tải
l rolling friction n. frictional
resistance to rotation in rolling
bearings: Ma sát lăn
l rolling radius n. radius of a loaded
tyre from its axis to the centre of
the contactpatch: Bán kính lăn
l rolling resistance n. resistance to
motion offered by tyres on a flat
road surface, attributable mainly
to rolling and mechanical friction
and dependant on tyre design,
pressure and load; over 50mph,
air resistance becomes more
important: Lực cản lăn
l rolling road n. rollers set in the
floor of a garage, turning or
inspection centre and designed
to simulate road conditions; the
rollers can be driven by the driving
wheels of a car and connected to
a dynamometer for testing the
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
roll oversteer
power output of an engine or may
be independently powered, e.g.
to test the brakes: Con lăn trong
băng thử công suất, thử phanh
roll oversteer n. oversteer caused by
roll when cornering. It is opposite
to roll understeer: Quay vòng
thừa do lăn (xoay)
roll resistance or roll stiffness n.
(chassis) resistance of a vehicle
body to rolling, which depends on
the stiffness of the suspension
springs and anti-roll bar: Khả
năng chống lật
roll test n. serves to test-drive train
functions; may include separate
tests for front and rear axle, left-
and right-hand sides, noise test;
typical duration is two minutes:
Kiểm tra sự lăn
roll understeer n. understeer caused
by roll when cornering: Quay
vòng thiếu do lăn
(NOTE: opposite is roll oversteer)
roo bar = In Australian, it is called nerf
bar: Thanh đỡ va (thanh cản trước)
roof box n. enclosed, multi-purpose
roof carrier: Mui xe đa năng
l roof brace n. transverse rail that
supports the roof panel; there are
usually several roof braces: Trụ
chống mui xe
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
Roots compressor
l roof panel n. the horizontal outer
layer of the sheet metal roof
panels that is spot-welded along
its edges to the top of the roof,
door and screen pillars: Mui xe
l roof rack n. luggage rack on the
roof of a vehicle: Khung để chở
hành lý gắn trên nóc xe
l roof rail n. longitudinal side
member above the doors to which
the roof panel is attached. It is also
called cantrail: Thanh đỡ mui xe
room temperature vulcanizing sealer
n. semi-liquid, silicone rubber
sealant which is proof against oil
and water but not petro (RTVS):
Roong lỏng
root n. lowest point of a screw
thread. It is opposite to crest:
Chân ren
Roots compressor or supercharger
n. typical lobe-type positive
displacement compressor;
uses two two-lobed or three-
lobed internal rotors phased to
prevent clashing of the lobes by
gears; normally driven from the
crankshaft by toothed or V-belts,
can achieve speeds up to 10,000
rpm; provides low-end torque
and boost without lag but is less
fuel-efficient than a turbocharger:
Bơm tăng nạp, bơm Root
379
rotary disc valve
rotary disc valve n. valve employed
as an inlet control in modern two-
stroke engines, consisting of a
thin steel disc attached to one
end of the crankshaft: Van đĩa
quay (hai kỳ)
rotary (piston) engine n. an engine
which uses no reciprocating
pistons; instead, triangular rotors
revolve in specially shaped
housings; the Wankel engine is
the only type of rotary engine at
present in production: Động cơ có
piston quay tròn, động cơ Wankel
l rotary pump n. pump with rotating
members: Bơm quay tròn
l rotary valve n. engine or pump
component forming part of
a rotating assembly; may be
designed as a cylindrical or a disc
valve: Van quay
l rotary vane pump n. = vane
pump: Bơm cánh quạt
rotation n. motion of a body about
an axis within the body: Sự xoay
vòng quanh trục
roto cap n. device fitted to some
engines which turns a valve
slightly every time it opens or
closes, to prevent the valve
sticking or burning. It is also
called valve rotator: Cơ cấu xoay
xú-páp
380
rotor
Rotoflex coupling n. one design of a
flexible coupling in the shape of a
hexagonal rubber ring: Khớp nối
Rotoflex
rotor n. (a) any component which
rotates: Bộ phận quay
(b) rotating part of an electrical
machine, such as the armature
of a starter motor: Phần quay của
máy điện, rotor
(c) rotating part of the distributor,
which distributes the high voltage
to the individual sparking plugs; in
older systems an oblong shape,
in breakerless distributor system
usually a disc: Con quay, mỏ quẹt
(trong delco)
(d) in an alternator, the rotating pole
pieces with the electro-magnetic
winding, which create a rotating
magnetic field whose lines of force
cut the stationary conductors in the
stator; usually of claw-pole design:
Phần quay của máy phát, rotor
(e) rotating displacement element of
a rotary pump, such as a gear,
screw, piston, etc.: Chi tiết quay
của bơm quay
(f) moving part of a pulse generator.
It is opposite to stator: Phần quay
của cảm biến điện từ
(g) rotating element of a Roots
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
rotowelding
supercharger: Phần quay của
bơm tăng áp kiểu Root
l rotor arm n. = rotor
l rotor-type pump n. engine oil
pump in which an internal rotor,
e. g. with four external lobes,
is used to drive an eccentric
external gear, e. g. with five
internal lobespaces; operates in
a similar way to gear pumps, but
has higher pump capacity, and
is quieter and more expensive:
Bơm rôto
rotowelding n. = friction welding
rotten-egg smell n. in cars equipped
with catalytic converters,
this smell is the result of an
excessively rich air/ fuel mixture:
Mùi trứng thối sinh ra từ bộ xúc
tác khi hỗn hợp hòa khí quá giàu
roughening n. mechanical or
chemical treatment of a surface
to produce minute irregularities:
Sự làm nhám bề mặt
rough a. if an engine sounds rough
it is running unevenly, probably
caused by misfiring or worn
crankshaft bearings: Nổ không
đều
roundabout n. road junction where
the traffic goes round a raised
central circle. In US English, it is
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
rubber
traffic circle: Bùng binh
round file n. file in the shape of a
round bar, rather than a blade:
Giũa tròn
l round head bolt n. general term
including cup head bolts and
mushroom head bolts: Bu-lông
đầu tròn
l round hump n. safety contour on
both rim bead seats preventing
the tyre from sliding into the rim
well: Cái bướu tròn trên niềng xe
route 1 n. direction taken (by a
cable, etc.): Đường đi, lộ trình
2 v. to lay (something) in a certain
direction: Theo tuyến đường
rpm (short for) revolutions per minute;
engine speed as measured
by crankshaft revolutions per
minute: Tốc độ vòng của động cơ
l rpm sensor = engine speed
sensor: Cảm biến tốc độ động cơ
RRIM = Reinforced Reaction
Injection Moulding
r / seat (short for) rear seat: Ghế sau
RTV = Room Temperature
Vulcanizing: Keo làm roong lỏng
đông lại ở nhiệt độ trong phòng
rubber n. (a) a natural elastomer
that at room temperature returns
381
rubbing block
rapidly to approximately its
initial dimension and shape
after substantial deformation by
a weak stress and subsequent
release of the stress: Cao su
(b) (US) (informal) tyres: Lốp xe
l rubber bush = tubular rubber
sleeve for mounting a shaft or
rod: Ống cao su để gắn trục
l rubber coupling = flexible coupling
using pressurized rubber blocks:
Khớp nối cao su
l rubber doughnut coupling =
typical flexible coupling, made of
vulcanized rubber, shaped like a
doughnut: Khớp nối cao su giảm
chấn
l rubberize v. to coat or impregnate
with rubber: Nhúng vào cao su,
trộn chung với cao su và đúc
l rubber mallet n. mallet with a
rubber head: Cái búa gỗ đầu nhựa
l rubber spring n. element of a
rubber suspension system such
as Hydrolastic suspension: Lò xo
cao su
rubbing block n. (ignition) small
block of insulating material on the
contact breaker lever: Khối cao
su trên vít lửa (gối cam)
l rubbing compound n. = cutting
compound
382
run channel
l rubbing strip n. strip of plastic
at the widest point of the body,
along doors and wings down
each side of the car to protect
the bodywork from minor
knocks, (as from the open door
of a neighbouring car): Dải băng
dọc thân xe chống cọ xát
Rudge nut n. quick-release nut for
central-locking wheels: Đai ốc
Rudge
rumble n. characteristic, low-pitched
noise made by worn main
bearings: Tiếng kêu đặc trưng do
bạc lót trục khuỷu mòn gây ra
l rumble seat n. In US English, it is
dickey seat: Ghế phụ đằng sau ở
xe hai chỗ
run 1 n. (paint fault) the trail of a
paint drip; a dribble of paint: Sự
chảy xuống của lớp sơn
2 v. (of paint) to form a run: Chảy
thành vệt
runabout n. (a) an open 2-seater,
predecessor of the roadster: (b)
small car, especially one for use
in town: Ô tô nhỏ
run channel n. U-section rubber
used to hold glass parts and
other body features in place or to
protect panel edges: Roong kính
run-flat properties n. the capability of a
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
run-flat tyre
deflated tyre to operate effectively,
i. e. to permit further driving: Khả
năng chạy tiếp khi xì vỏ
run-flat tyre n. tyre which can run for
a certain length of time without air
in it: Vỏ xe chạy được khi xẹp
run in v. to operate new or
reconditioned machinery
(especially bearings) under light
load and at limited speed to avoid
excessive friction and heat which
would cause uneven bedding in
of the component. Nowadays,
new engines do not need to be
run in. In US English, it is to break
in: Chạy rà, chạy rô-đai
running board n. foot rest below the
doors of a car; common on early
motor vehicles, now only seen on
VW Beetles, pick-ups and some
limousines: Bậc lên xuống xe
l running gear n. the moving
components which link the lower
part of the vehicle to the wheels,
i.e. suspension, including control
arms, springs, shock absorbers,
steering components, etc.: Các
bộ phận nối phần dưới khung xe
với bánh xe
running-in n. driving a vehicle or
running an engine or enter
mechanical unit at reduced speed
and load when new, to prevent
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
rust
pick-up and seizure of the bearing
surfaces, and to ensure even
initial wear: Chạy rà
l running-on n. condition of a SI
engine in which fuel continues to
burn after the ignition has been
turned off, causing the engine to
run on (for a few seconds). It is
also called dieselling: Máy vẫn nổ
sau khi tắt công tắc máy (động cơ
xăng)
l running-on control valve = idle
stop valve: Van khóa cầm chừng
l run on v. (of an engine) to
continue to run after the ignition
has been switched off: máy vẫn
nổ sau khi tắt công tắc máy
run-on tyre n. tyre with a limited
ability to run without air in it;
sufficient to pull over safely: Lốp
xe chạy được khi xẹp
run out n. extent to which a part is
running out-of-true: Sự chạy lệch
tâm, sự đảo, sự mòn lệch
rupture v. to break, burst or split:
Làm gãy, vỡ, nứt
rust 1 n. oxidized iron or steel, the
product of corrosion: Gỉ
2 v. to form rust: Hình thành gỉ
l rust eater n. = rust killer: Chất
phá gỉ
383
rusting
l rusting n. chemical or
electrochemical destruction of iron
and ferrous metals: Sự gỉ (sắt)
l rust inhibitor n. inhibitor which
reduces or prevents the formation
of rust on iron and ferrous metals:
Chất chống gỉ
l rust inspection n. car inspection
conducted to detect rust and
corrosion damage, usually by
means of an endoscope: Sự kiểm
tra gỉ sét
l rust killer n. substances which,
according to their manufacturers,
convert rust into a dry mass which
can be removed with water: Chất
làm sạch gỉ
l rustproof 1 a. resistant to rust:
Không gỉ
2 v. to make resistant to rust: Xử lý
để chống gỉ
l rustproofing n. making resistant
to rust: Làm chống gỉ
l rustproofing agent = anti-
384
Rzeppa-type universal joint
corrosion, wax-based sealant:
Chất chống gỉ
l rust protection n. reducing
the possibility of rust forming
on iron and steel by coating
with protective materials or by
rendering them passive: Sự bảo
vệ khỏi gỉ
l rust remover n. any chemical
substance which removes rust:
Chất tẩy gỉ
l rust sealer n. rust converter
that provides a coat on metal
surfaces to protect them against
air exposure and thus to prevent
continued corrosion: Chất trám
chống rỉ
RWD = Rear-Wheel Drive: Cầu sau
chủ động
Rzeppa-type universal joint
n. constant velocity joint
incorporating balls as a means of
torque transmission; (named after
Alfred Rzeppa, a Ford engineer):
Khớp nối loại Rzeppa
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
T TAC system
Tt
T = letter on the sidewall of type
denoting the maximum speed for
which it is designed (190 km/h or
118 mph): Ký tự trên vỏ xe chỉ tốc
độ tối đa cho phép 190 km/h
tab n. not a continuous flange as
provided at the top mounting of
a wing, but a short flange section
to provide localized fitting of one
panel to another: Vấu, mấu
l tab washer n. washer with a tab
that may be hammered against
a flat side of a nut, or into a hole
in the surface, or over an edge,
in order to secure the nut to the
surface on which it bears: Long
đền chống xoay
TAC = Thermostatic Air Cleaner
tachograph or (informal) tacho n.
a tachometer that produces a
graphical record of its readings,
especially used to record the
speed and distance covered
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
by a heavy goods vehicle (thus
theoretically making it easier to
check on a driver’s speed and
the length of time spent driving
between rest periods): Đồng hồ
tốc độ có ghi lại tốc độ và quãng
đường chạy
l tachometer = tach n. instrument
in the instrument panel,
electronically operated by the
ignition system, which indicates
engine rpm with an analogue or
digital read-out; red areas indicate
dangerous engine operating
speeds. It is also informally called
a rev counter: Đồng hồ đo tốc độ
quay động cơ
TAC system n. contact breaker
ignition system developed
by Lucas, controlled by two
transistors, one serving as a
power output transistor: Hệ thống
đánh lửa bán dẫn có vít của
Lucas
385
tail
tail n. the rear: Phía sau, phía đuôi
l tailboard n. board at the rear
of a lorry or pick-up that can be
removed or let down on a hinge:
Tấm bửng sau (xe tải nhỏ hoặc
lớn)
tailgate n. estate cars and most
hatchback saloons feature a
large rear lid that includes the
rear window and opens to give
access to the whole interior. In
US English, it is liftgate: Cửa hậu
của xe năm cửa
tailgating n. driving so close to the
vehicle in front as to be affected
by its slip stream; a very
dangerous practice as available
reaction time is reduced to a
minimum: Chạy xe sau đuôi một
xe khác
l tail heavy a. description of the
towing vehicle if the being towed
is too heavy: Nặng đuôi (khi kéo
xe).
l tail light or lamp n. red rear light
that illuminates as soon as the
lights are switched on, to indicate
the presence of a vehicle from
the rear: Đèn đuôi
tail light box n. a deep-drawn panel
spotwelded into the tail light
aperture to take the complete tail
light cluster: Hộp đèn sau
386
talking warning system
l tail light panel = rear panel: Bảng
đèn sau
l tail light surround = rear light
surround: Đường viền bao quanh
cụm đèn sau
tailpipe n. last pipe of the exhaust
system which fits behind the
silence and extends to the rear of
the vehicle: Ống pô, ống thải
l tailpipe expander = special
automotive tool used for reshaping
and expanding tailpipes evenly,
to assure a tight fit and prevent
exhaust leaks: Dụng cụ gò ống
pô
l tailshaft n. = gearbox output shaft
take up v. (clutch) to begin to
transmit the drive when the clutch
is engaged: Bắt đầu truyền động
khi nhả ly hợp
l take-up n. the act of taking
up: A sharp take-up of the drive
causes a sudden jerk: Nhả nhanh
ly hợp.
talc n. a soft mineral; a basic
magnesium silicate usually
occurring in foliated, granular,
or fibrous masses, used in
the manufacture of electrical
insulators: Đá tan, bột tan (làm
vật liệu cách điện)
talking warning system n. using
the car radio speakers, this
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
tamperproof carburettor
microprocessor-based system
tells the driver the source of
the problem in a clear, pleasant
(female) voice; if the radio is
on at the time of the alert, the
computer automatically turns
down the volume so the warning
can be heard: Hệ thống báo bằng
giọng nói (qua loa xe)
tamperproof carburettor n. a
carburettor with factory-adjusted
idle speed, sealed idle speed
adjustment screw, and provisions
to ensure that exhaust emission
levels remain within specified
limits over an extended period of
time: Bộ chế hòa khí có lỗ chỉnh
cầm chừng đã niêm phong
tandem axle n. type of axle in
which two axles are closely
coupled, usually not more than
one metre apart: Cầu xe đôi
l tandem master cylinder n.
master cylinder with two pistons;
when the brake pedal is pressed,
the pushrod activates the primary
piston which in turn moves the
secondary piston; necessary for
dual-circuit braking system: Xi-
lanh cái hai tầng trong hệ thống
phanh (dùng cho hai mạch dầu
phanh)
tangential-flow scavenging n. = loop
scavenging
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
tap
tank n. any container for liquit or
gas: Thùng chứa
l tanker n. lorry designed to carry
liquit in bulk: Xe bồn chở nhiên
liệu
tap n. tool used to cut inside threads,
e.g. in a hole: Ta-rô, thanh cốt ren
l tap and die set = selection of tools
such as taps, tap holders, dies
and die stocks for cutting inside
and outside threads: Bộ ta-rô và
bàn khuôn cắt ren
l taper-breaking tool n. = ball joint
separator: Dụng cụ tách khớp nối
cầu
l taper cutter n. tool used to ream,
deburr, align, and enlarge holes,
e.g on car bodies. It is also called
tapered reamer: Dao khoét lỗ
l tapered compression ring n.
upper compression ring which,
due to its tapered cross-section,
requires a reduced running-in
period thus ensuring a tight seal
quickly: Xéc-măng khí (lửa) với
tiết diện hình côn
l taper(ed) leaf spring n. =
parabolic spring: Nhíp có dạng
parabol.
l tapered punch n. = drift punch:
Cái đục hình côn
l taper roller bearing n. bearing
387
tap holder
consisting of a cone (which
includes the rollers and the cage)
and a cone-shaped, stationary
race or cup; can accept axial
thrust as well as providing shaft
location: Ổ bi đũa côn
l taper seat = On sparking plug,
seal without a gasket achieved
by mating the conical surface of
the sparking plus shell and the
cylinder head: Mặt ren côn của
bu-gi
tap holder n. tool used to hold and
drive taps, reamers, and screw
extractors with two long handles
to provide high leverage for
turning operation.: Tay quay ta-rô
tappet n. In valve gear, usually cup-
shaped element (one for each
valve) which slides on the cam
lobes and converts the rotary
motion of the vales; the tappets
actuate either pushrods, rocker
arms, or values directly: Con đội
xú-páp
l tappet adjusting screw = valve
adjusting screw
l tappet gasket = rocker cover
gasket
l tappet wrench = wrench designed
for adjusting value clearances on
OHV-engines with bucket tappet
assembly that use an adjusting
388
TC
screw instead of value shims for
adjustment: Chìa vặn ốc chỉnh
xú- páp
tapping plate n. = hinge tapping plate
l tap spanner = tap holder
tarnish v. to discolour due to the
formation of a thin film of oxide,
sulphide, or some other corrosion
product: Phai màu sơn
tax disc n. (informal) road fund licence
disc displayed on the windscreen
to show that road tax has been
paid.: Dấu chứng nhận đã đóng
thuế cầu đường (gắn trên kính xe)
taxi (cab) n. car in which passengers
are carried for a rate which is
usually recorded by a meter: Xe
tắc-xi
l taxi rank = place where taxis wait
to be hired: Bến xe tắc-xi
t.b. = tow bar: Thanh được lắp vào
đằng sau xe ô tô (để kéo xe khác)
T bar roof n. roof with a T-shaped
bar connecting windscreen and
rear section of roof: Thanh dạng
chữ T ở mui xe
TBI = Throttle Body Injection: Phun
xăng trên bướm ga (có thể đơn
điểm hoặc hai điểm)
TC = Torque Converter = Twin
Carburettors
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
TCI
TCI = Transistorized Coil Ignition
l TCI-H = Transistorized Coil
Ignition with Hall Sensor
TCM = Transmission Control Module
TDC = Top Dead Centre
TDI = Turbo Diesel Engine with
Direct Injection
Teflon n. = Poly-Tetra-Fluoro-
Ethylene
TEL = Tetraethyl Lead
telescopic shock absorber n. a
tubular spring damper operated
by rod and piston; the most
common type of shock adsorber:
Bộ giảm chấn kiểu ống lồng
l telescopic steering column n.
steering column that collapses in
on itself on impact: Trụ lái kiểu
ống lồng
tempa spare (wheel) n. spare wheel
type with considerably reduced
overall dimensions (rim width: 3.5
- 4.0 in), designed to operate at
a higher inflation pressure than
the standard tyre and wheel
unit: Bánh xe dự phòng kích
thước nhỏ
temper v. thermal treatment of finished
products (metals, alloys, plastics)
to remove internal stresses: Tôi để
khử ứng suất nội
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
temperature control element
temperature compensator n. (in
some SU carburettors) wax-type
thermostat contained in a housing
at the base of the jet head; with
increasing temperature, the
wax expands and pushes the
jet upwards, thereby reducing
the effective area of the jet and
restoring the correct fuel flow: Bộ
bù nhiệt (chế hoà khí)
temperature control element n.
(in oil filter bypass valve) a
temperature-controlled valve
spring bias regulator which
controls the bypass valve as a
function of oil temperature: Van
điều khiển nhiệt độ nhớt
l temperature of deflection under
load n. ability of a test specimen
to preserve its shape up to a
given temperature under a
given dead load; characterized
by the temperature at which
the specimen supported at both
ends and heated continually
and uniformly in a liquid heat-
transfer medium is deformed by
a given amount when the load
is applied midway between the
supports: Nhiệt độ biến dạng chịu
tải (khi thử)
l temperature valve n. =
thermovalve template n. thin
metal or card sheet, used as a
389
temporary spare wheel
pattem for cutting pieces of wood,
metal, etc. to an exact shape: Cái
đục
temporary spare wheel n. = space-
saving spare wheel
tensile force n. the stretching
force that acts on the windscreen
header to keep the hood taut:
Lực căng
l tensile strength = measure of a
material’s ability to withstand
tension or stress: Sức bền kéo
tension (a) stretching force: lực
căng
(b) = voltage: Hiệu điện thế
l tensioner n. device designed to
maintain the tension of a timing
belt or chain: Bộ căng đai
l tensioning spring n. spring
designed to maintain tension in
a drum brake: Lò xo giữ độ căng
trong phanh trống
terminal n. One of the connecting
points in an electric circuit, a
conducting device by which
current enters or leaves at such a
points: Cọc, điểm nối
l terminal post = battery post: Cọc
bình
l terminal reamer = tapered
reamer-type tool used to remove
390
test bar
corrosion from the inside of
battery cable clamps: Dụng cụ
làm sạch khoen gắn cọc bình
(hình côn)
l terminal tower n. sockets on the
distributor cap for connecting the
ignition cables: Lỗ cắm dây phin
trên nắp delco
l terminal voltage n. the sum of the
individual battery cell voltages:
Hiệu điện thế giữa hai cực ắc quy
test bar n. test specimen with
the shape of a bar as used in
the impact resistance test: Mẫu
dạng thanh được dùng trong thử
nghiệm sức chịu đựng khi va
chạm
l test-bed n. area equipped with
instruments, used for testing
machinery, engines, etc., under
working conditions: Băng thử
l test current for low temperatures
n. specification for assessing
battery starting behaviour at low
temperatures and under given
conditions; indicated in amps on
the battery case: Kiểm tra dòng
phóng của ắc quy ở điều kiện
nhiệt độ thấp
l test-drive n. a trial drive of a car
after it has been repaired, or of a
new car to decide if one likes it
enough to buy it: Sự chạy thử
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
tetraethyl lead
l test-drive v. to take a car for
a test drive before purchasing it:
Chạy thử
l test lamp/ light n. automotive tool
used to test powered circuits on 6 –
24 volt systems such as headlights,
horns, directional or tail lights: Đèn
kiểm tra mạch điện
tetraethyl lead n. anti-knock fuel
additive (TEL): Chì Tetraethyl cho
vào xăng để chống kích nổ
l tetramethyl lead (TML) n.
anti-knock fuel additive: Chì
Tetramethyl cho vào xăng để
chống kích nổ
t/ glass n. = tinted glass: Kính dán
màu (chống chói)
THC = total hydrocarbons: Tổng số
lượng Hydrocacbon
theft protection n. = anti-theft security
system: Hệ thống chống trộm
thermactor n. = thermal reactor
thermal conduction n. heat transfer
within a substance or to another
substance by direct contact: Độ
dẫn nhiệt
l thermal convection n. heat
transfer by the combined
mechanisms of fluid mixing and
thermal conduction: Sự đối lưu
nhiệt
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
thermal vacuum switch
thermal efficiency n. the ratio of
useful work available from an
engine to the heat supplied from
the fuel: Hiệu suất nhiệt
l thermal radiation n. heat transfer
from one substance to another by
means of electromagnetic waves:
Sự bức xạ nhiệt
l thermal reactor n. device
installed in the exhaust manifold
of some air injection systems to
promote HC and CO oxidation
by providing long exhaust gas
residence times in a localized
area: Bộ phận gắn ở ống thải
giúp tăng cường oxy hoá HC và
CO
l thermal time valve n. valve
which senses temperature,
typically the temperature under
the bonnet, and gives full vacuum
advance when the temperature
is below 10oC; above this
temperature, the thermal time
valve allows distributor vacuum
to be controlled by the thermal
vacuum switch; includes a delay
of typically 20 seconds to allow
full spark advance for better hot
starting: Van nhiệt điều khiển
đánh lửa sớm
thermal vacuum switch n. measures
either air/ fuel temperature,
underbonnet temperature,
391
thermal vacuum valve
or coolant temperature, or a
combination of any two to regulate
the EGR valve accordingly (TVS):
Công tắc nhiệt-chân không
thermal vacuum valve = valve with
the same function as a thermal
vacuum switch (TVV): Van nhiệt-
chân không
thermocouple n. an electrical
temperature sensor: Cặp nhiệt
điện (để đo nhiệt độ)
thermocouple sparking plug =
sparking plug with a thermocouple
in the centre electrode, used to
measure the temperatures in the
individual cylinders as a function
of engine speed and load in order
to select the correct heat range:
Cặp nhiệt điện gắn trong bu-gi để
đo nhiệt độ xi-lanh
thermoforming n. shaping of a
polymer sheet while heating: Uốn
nhựa bằng nhiệt
thermoplastic n. plastic material with
long chain-like molecules that can
repeatedly be softened by heating
and hardened by cooling; most
plastic parts used on vehicles are
made of thermoplastics: Nhựa
dẻo khi nóng
l thermoplastic elastomers =
materials which are rubbery at
room temperature but which
392
thermosyphon cooling
on heating melt to viscous
liquids that can be moulded
and otherwise processed; the
change is reversible; on cooling,
the melted material reverts to
a solid material having rubbery
properties: Nhựa cao su chảy khi
hâm nóng
thermostat n. temperature-controlled
valve located in the hot leg
between engine and radiator,
often mounted on the cylinder
head: Bộ điều chỉnh nhiệt, van
hằng nhiệt
thermostatic air cleaner n. air
cleaner which also controls the
temperature of the air entering
the engine (TAC): Bầu lọc gió có
bộ điều khiển nhiệt độ khí nạp
thermostatic interruptor n. a bimetallic
circuit breaker in lighting circuits
which switches to an alternative
circuit in the event of a fault or
short circuit: Cái ngắt điện nhiệt
tĩnh (cái ngắt điện lưỡng kim)
thermosyphon cooling n. natural
cooling, utilising the fast that
two columns of liquid at different
temperatures possess natural
circulation because the hotter
column weighs less on account
of its lower density; thus the hot
engine must be located at a lower
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
thermo-time switch
level than the cool radiator: Sự
làm mát bằng đối lưu
thermo-time switch n. a switch in
a continuous injection system
that interrupts current from the
starter solenoid to the cold start
valve solenoid when the engine
is hot or after the starter has
been operated for more than a
few seconds, in order to prevent
flooding: Công tắc nhiệt thời gian
thermovalve n. valve which
opens and closes as a function of
temperature: Van nhiệt
thermowell n. space
accommodates a temperature
sensor. The term is sometimes
used with reference to
temperature sensing point or
sensor rather than to the well
itself: Chỗ gắn cảm biến nhiệt độ
thin v. In painting, it is to add thinners
to a paint in order to adjust the
viscosity: Pha loãng sơn
l thin needle-nose pliers
needle-nose pliers with extra long
reach jaws without a wire cutter:
Kìm mỏ nhọn
thinner n. substance used to dilute
lacquer or acrylic products, as
opposed to reducers used for
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
thread
synthetic enamel products: Chất
pha loãng sơn
l thin-wall casting n. used, for
example, as a weight-saving
measure on oil filter housings:
Vật đúc có thành mỏng
third (gear) n. intermediate
gear used for increasing speed,
climbing hills and sometimes for
overtaking: Số ba
l third motion shaft n. = gear-box
output shaft: Trục ra của hộp số
third port induction n. a design
feature of two-stroke engines
which that relies on the piston position
to control induction of the fresh
charge: Cổng nạp thứ ba của
động cơ hai kỳ
the
third scavenging port n. (loop
scavenging) an additional
transfer port located opposite
the exhaust port of a two-stroke
engine cylinder and connecting
through the piston skirt to the
region above the gudgeon pin
n. and below the piston crown: Cổng
thải thứ ba của động cơ hai kỳ
thrash v. to push an engine to its
limits: Chạy hết ga
thread n. (i) helical ridge along the
body of a screw, bolt, etc. , formed
by a die or lathe tool (male or
393
thread angle
external thread): Ren ngoài
(ii) helical groove in a cylindrical
hole, nut, etc., formed by a tap
or lathe tool (female or internal
thread): Ren trong
l thread angle = the angle
between the adjacent flanks of
a thread: Góc ren (góc giữa hai
sườn kế liền của một đường ren)
l thread crest = highest point of
screw thread, opposite the root:
Đỉnh ren
l thread-cutting screw = a self-
drilling fastener that drills its
own hole, taps a mating thread,
and then fastens, all in a single
operation: Đinh ốc cắt ren
l thread diameter = diameter
measured from the crest of a
thread to the corresponding crest
on the opposite side of the bolt or
screw: Đường kính ren
l thread file = tool for restoring
internal or external threads by
filing: Cái giũa ren
l thread gauge = screw pitch
gauge
l thread height = distance from
roof to thread crest, measured
perpendicular to the axis of the
thread: Chiều cao ren
l thread pitch = pitch: Bước ren
394
three-speed gearbox
l thread pitch gauge = screw pitch
gauge: Compa đo bước ren
l thread root = lowest point of a
screw thread, where the thread
joins the body (opposite the
crest): Chân ren
l three-door a. typical design of
sub-compact hatchbacks with
two side doors and one tailgate:
Xe ba cửa
l three-piece alloy wheel n. type
of forged alloy wheel with a wheel
spider or wheel disc and a divided
rim consisting of an outer and an
inner rim well; the rim is bolted to
the spider or the disc: Bánh xe
đúc gồm ba phần
l three-port engine n. the
traditional two-stroke engine
design incorporating the inlet port
connecting the crankcase to the
atmosphere, the transfer port
connecting the crankcase to the
combustion chamber, and the
exhaust port to evacuate the spent
gas from combustion chamber.
The term is used even if the three-
port types are in pairs: Buồng
cháy động cơ hai kỳ có ba cửa
l three-speed gearbox or
transmission n. a gearbox
with three forward speeds; the
usual arrangement for automatic
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
three-wheeler
gearboxes: Hộp số ba tốc độ
l three-valve (engine) n. engine
with two intake valves and one
exhaust valve per cylinder; a
four-cylinder three-valve engine
is also called a 12-valve engine:
Động cơ có hai xú-páp hút và một
xú-páp thải cho mỗi xi-lanh
l three-way catalyst n. catalyst for
the simultaneous conversion of
the three exhaust pollutants HC,
CO, and NO (TWC): Chất xúc
tác ba tác dụng
l three-way catalytic converter
= catalytic converter for the
simultaneous control of HC, CO,
and NO, emissions: Bộ xúc tác
ba tác dụng
three-wheeler n. a light car with three
wheels; formerly made popular
by, for example, the Morgan, the
BSA and the Coventry Victor, now
embodied by the Reliant Robin:
Xe ba bánh
throttle n. (a) = throttle valve:
Bướm ga
(b) the accelerator pedal used to
control the throttle valve: Bàn
đạp ga
l throttle body injection n. = single
point injection (TBI): Phun đơn
điểm
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
throttle valve
l throttle gauge n. tool with straight
calibrated measuring pins for
measuring throttle and choke
valve gaps: Dụng cụ đo khe hở
bướm ga
TPS = Throttle Position Sensor n.
On fuel injection, switch with two
contacts for the two end positions
of the throttle valve, which sends
a signal to the electronic control
unit when the throttle valve is
closed (idle) or wide open (full
load): Cảm biến vị trí bướm ga
l throttle return spring n. spring
which forces the throttle valve
closed when pressure is taken off
the accelerator pedal: Lò xo hoàn
lực bướm ga
l throttle shaft or spindle n. shaft
on which the throttle valve disc
pivots in a caburettor barrel or
inlet tract: Trục bướm ga
throttle solenoid n. a solenoid which
operates mechanically on the
throttle lever; when energized,
the solenoid stern extends and
opens the throttle to establish the
preset idle speed: Solenoid đẩy
bướm ga (điều khiển cầm chừng)
throttle valve n. (a) In air intake,
e.g., in carburettor, a butterfly
395
through bolt
valve in the inlet tract, designed
to provide control of power output
by limiting the amount of fresh
mixture induced: Bướm ga
(b) On automatic transmission
control, modulator valve actuated
via either the accelerator pedal,
or the vacuum in the engine
inlet manifold, or the carburettor
throttle; it converts line pressure
into an engine-load dependent
pressure, which is directed to
various valves: Van kick-down
(hộp số)
l throttle valve switch n. = throttle
position sensor (TPS): Cảm biến
vị trí bướm ga
l throttling n. reducing the power
output of an engine by closing the
throttle, thus restricting airflow
through the carburettor or inlet
tract: Sự giảm ga
through bolt n. generally, any
bolt which is inserted through
the parts of an assembly and
secured on the other side by a
nut. Specifically, one of the two
long bolts that bolts the starter or
alternator assembly together: Bu-
lông xuyên
throwout bearing n. In US English,
it is clutch release bearing
l throwout fork or lever n. In US
396
TI
English, it is clutch release lever
thrust bearing n. a low-friction bearing
on a rotating shaft that resists
axial thrust in the shaft; usually
consists of a collar which bears
against a ring of well lubricated
stationary and sometimes tilting
pads: Bạc (vòng bi) chặn
l thrust plate n. = driven plate:
đĩa bị động
l thrust washer n. an axially
loaded washer, e.g. of a shaft
bearing: Vòng đệm chặn
thumb nut or thumbscrew n.
a nut or screw with projections
enabling it to be turned by thumb
and forefinger; a wing nut / screw:
Đai ốc có tai để tháo lắp bằng tay
l thumb wheel n. small wheel for
adjusting, which can be turned by
using the thumb and forefinger:
Núm điều chỉnh vặn tay
thyristor n. silicon controlled rectifier
which converts alternating current
to a uni-directional current: Thiết
bị chỉnh lưu silic
l thyristor ignition = capacitor
discharge ignition system
(thyristor): Hệ thống đánh lửa
điện dung
TI = Transistorized Ignition: Đánh
lửa transistor
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
tickler
l TI-B = Breaker-Triggered Tran-
sistorized Ignition System: Hệ
thống đánh lửa bán dẫn có vít
điều khiển
tickler n. carburettor starting aid:
Mạch khởi động (chế hoà khí)
tick over v. to run at low speed with
the throttle control closed and
the transmission disengaged; to
idle: Chạy ở tốc độ thấp với cánh
bướm ga đóng và đạp ly hợp
l tick-over n. the speed of an
engine when it is ticking over: Tốc
độ động cơ khi giảm ga
tie rod n. generally, any connecting
rod or bar, usually under tension:
Rô-tuyn, thanh nối
l tie rod end = steering ball joint at
the outer end of a tie rod: Đầu rô-
tuyn
l tie rod puller or separator =
special automotive tool for forcing
out joints on tie rod ends by screw
action: Dụng cụ tháo rô-tuyn
l TIG welding = an inert are
welding method using a tungsten
electrode: Kỹ thuật hàn TIG dùng
điện cực Vonfram và khí trơ
l TI-H = Transistorized Ignition with
Hall Generator: Hệ thống đánh lửa
bán dẫn với cảm biến Hall
l TI-I = Transistorized Ignition
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
timing
with Inductive Pick-Up: Hệ thống
đánh lửa bán dẫn có cảm biến
điện từ
tilt column n. a steering column
that can be adjusted for height:
Trục lái chỉnh được chiều cao
l tilt / slide sunroof n. a sunroof,
made of steel or glass, that slides
and tilts and is operated either
manually or electrically: Cửa trời
có thể mở nghiêng hoặc trượt
l tilt steering wheel n. a steering
wheel that can be adjusted for
height: Vô lăng lái chỉnh được độ
cao
time delay relay n. a relay which
responds to a signal with a certain
delay: Rơ-le có mạch trễ
timed fuel injection n. = sequential
fuel injection: Phun xăng theo thứ
tự (phun từng kim)
timer core n. (magnetic pick-up
assembly) = trigger wheel: Rô-
to tín hiệu trong cảm biến điện từ
timing n. the setting of a mechanism
so that it acts at exactly the right
moment: Sự cân chỉnh (thời
điểm)
l to set the timing = to adjust the
firing of the sparking plus so that
it coincides with the piston: Điều
chỉnh thời điểm đánh lửa
397
timing belt
l timing belt n. plastic toothed
belt with steel cord or fibreglass
reinforcements, used to drive the
camshaft of a four-stroke engine.
It is also called camshaft belt or
cam belt: Dây curoa cam
l timing belt tensioner (pulley) =
spring-loaded jockey pulley or
idler pulley designed to take up
the slack in the timing belt: Puli
căng đai dẫn động trục cam
l timing chain n. a single or double
roller chain at the engine front
that transmits crankshaft power
to the camshaft; typically used
in OHC-engines. It is also called
camshaft chain or cam chain:
Dây xích truyền động trục cam
(sên cam)
l timing diagram n. a diagrammatic
representation of the engine
timing, i.e. the times during which
the inlet and exhaust valves are
open and closed: Biểu đồ phân
phối khí
l timing light n. stroboscopic light
used to set the ignition timing:
Đèn cân lửa
l timing mark n. (a) Ignition timing,
timing indicator or pointer on the
engine block and rotating mark
on the flywheel for basic ignition
timing: Dấu cân lửa
398
tip
valve timing, camshafts,
alignment or indexing mark on
a timing gear or camshaft pulley
which must be lined up with
another mark to give the correct
position: Dấu cân cam
l timing rotor n. rotating part of the
pick-up assembly, in the form of a
drum with ferrite rods embedded
vertically in the outer edge, used
instead of a trigger wheel: Rô-to
cảm biến điện từ loại nam châm
quay
l timing shaft n. = distributor shaft:
Trục delco
l timing window n. window through
which it is possible to see the
timing marks: Cửa sổ để xem dấu
đánh lửa (trên vỏ hộp số)
Timken roller bearing n. type of
taper roller bearing: Ổ bi đũa côn
Timken
tinted glass n. glass that has been
specially coloured to reduce glare
from the sun: Kính chống chói (đã
phủ màu)
tinted windows n. glass that has
been specially coloured to reduce
glare from the sun: Kính chống
chói (đã phủ màu)
tip n. the end of a sparking plug
insulator, nearest the electrode:
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
TML top coat

Phần sứ dưới điện cực giữa của a box or socket spanner. In US

bu-gi English, it is cross bar: Cần siết
TML = Tetramethyl Lead: Chì toothed belt n. positive-action
Tetramethyl reinforced rubber or plastic belt
in which parallel teeth engage
l toe-in n. slight inward inclination of
with grooves in a driving and a
the leading edge of the front wheels
driven wheel; commonly used
to improve steering and equalize
for the valve timimg gear as an
tyre wear: Độ chụm giữa hai bánh
alternative: Dây đai răng
xe trước (nhìn từ trên xuống)
top n. (1) a car roof, especially that
l toe-in angle = angle formed by
of a convertible: Mui xe
each front wheel plane and the
longitudinal axis of the car, usually (2) it is shorted for top gear: Số
expressed as the difference in cao nhất
distance between right and left
top coat n. final paint coat: Lớp
wheel rims at front and rear,
sơn cuối
measured at hub level: Góc chụm
l top coat drier or oven = oven for
l toe-out n. slight outward inclination
drying or stoving the final paint
of the leading edge of the front
coat: Lò sấy lớp sơn cuối
wheels: Độ doãn giữa hai bánh xe
trước (nhìn từ trên xuống) l top dead centre n. the position
when the piston has reached the
tolerance n. difference beween the
upper limit of its travel in the cylinder
permissible maximum size and
and the centre line of the connecting
the permissible minimum size of
rod is parallel to the cylinder walls
a measure quantity: Độ dung sai
(TDC): Điểm chết trên
toll n. money charged for the use of a
l before top dead centre = the period
road or bridge: Lệ phí cầu, đường
before a piston reaches TDC; the
l toll sticker = sticker displayed time when ignition occurs (BTDC):
on the windscreen denoting Trước điểm chết trên
payment of a toll: Nhãn ghi lệ phí
l after top dead centre = the
cầu đường (trên kính xe)
period after a piston has reached
tommy bar n. short bar used as a lever TDC and begins to descend;
to provide torque for tightening maximum thrust is developed

Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô 399

top electrode
between 10oC and 15oC ATDC.
It is opposite to bottom dead
centre the corresponding point (to
TDC) in a horizontally opposed
or ‘flat’ engine is that closest to
the combustion chamber, also
called inner dead centre: Sau
điểm chết trên
l top electrode n. (sparking
plug) earth electrode protruding
above centre electrode, either
full coverage type or set back
slightly from the far edge of the
centre electrode: Điện cực bìa
của bu-gi
l top end n. the upper range of
engine revolutions: Vùng tốc độ
cao của động cơ
l top end gasket set/ kit n. set
which includes all the seals,
O-ring and gaskets required for
the assembly of the cylinder and
cylinder head: Bộ roong, phớt để
lắp nắp máy
l top gear n. highest available
gear: Số cao nhất
l top land n. = head land: Đỉnh
pít-tông
l top-of-the-range model n.
the most powerful and
expensive model in a particular
manufacture’s range: Kiểu xe cao
cấp nhất trong một dòng xe
400
torque
l top speed n. the maximum
speed of a vehicle: Tốc độ tối đa
của xe
l top tints n. tinted stripe at the
upper edge of the windscreen:
Sọc màu ở phía trên kính chắn
gió
l top up (with) v. to raise the level
of a liquid in a container to the
required level: Đổ đầy
l top up with distilled water = add
distilled water to the battery so
that the plates are covered: Châm
đầy nước cất vào bình ắc quy
torpedo body n. early type of
touring car with a streamlined
torpedo-like body: Thân xe có
hình dáng giống quả ngư lôi
torque 1 n. mechanical force that
causes rotation: Mô-men quay,
mô men xoắn, lực xoắn
2 v. (informal) to tighten with a
torque spanner: Siết chặt với cần
siết lực
l torque arm n. T-shaped extrusion
of the rear axle casing to take up
forward thrust of the driven axle:
Phần vỏ chữ T của cầu sau
l torque converter n. type of
coupling device used with most
automatic gearboxes, consisting
of rotating and static vance
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
torque converter drive plate torsional vibration damper

assembly, by which torque can a device for measure the amount

be transmitted to a fluid held in of torque applied on a nut or bolt;
a sealed container, which in turn used for threaded fasteners with a
drives a rotor (TC): Bộ biến mô critical tightening torque, such as
cylinder head bolts, alloy wheel
l torque converter drive plate = drive
lugs, suspension links, etc.: Cần
plate: Đĩa dẫn động bộ biến mô
siết lực
l torque converter housing = bell
l torque split n. distributing torque
housing: Vỏ bộ biến mô
between front and rear axles in a
l torque converter (lock-up) clutch 4WD vehicle: Sự phân phối mô-
= automatically engaged clutch men giữa hai cầu
in a lock-up torque converter;
torque wrench n. = torque spanner :
prevents slipping losses: Ly hợp
Cần siết lực
khóa biến mô
Torsen differential n. ‘torque-
l torque curve n. graph which
sensing‘ differential system
shows engine torque as a function
incorporating a worm and roller
of engine speed: Đường đặc tính
mechanism: Bộ vi sai Torsen (cơ
moment theo số vòng quay (đặc
cấu kết hợp bánh vít – trục vít)
tính tốc độ)
l Torsen four-wheel drive =
l torque limiter n. tool used in
permanently engaged four-wheel
conjunction with a plug spanner
drive incorporating a Torsen
which allows the controlled
differential: Dẫn động hai cầu với
tightening of sparking plugs by
bộ vi sai Torsen
releasing automatically once a
preset torque setting is reached: torsion n. Sự xoắn
Cơ cấu hạn chế mô-men xoắn
torsional stiffness n. resistance
trong đầu vặn bu-gi
against torsional loads, specified
l torque screwdriver n. in newton-meter per angular
screwdriver with a device that degree of body twisting: Độ chịu
measures the amount of torque xoắn
being applied: Cái tuốc nơ vit có
torsional vibration damper n.
bộ phận đo lực siết
Generally, any device that
l torque spanner n. spanner with reduces torional vibrations.

Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô 401

total hydrocarbons
Specifically, the small flywheel on
the front end of a crankshaft: Bộ
giảm dao động xoắn
l torsion bar n. metal bar attached
at one end to the body and at the
other to the axle, which acts as
a torsional spring when twisted by
the movement of the car: Thanh
xoắn (nối từ cuối thân xe đến cầu)
total hydrocarbons n. measurement
of all hydrocarbons emitted by
the exhaust system (THC): Đo
tổng số lượng hydrocacbon được
thải ra bởi động cơ
l total-loss lubrication n. the
components of the conventional
two-stroke engine with crankcase
scavenging are lubricated by
the oil added to the fuel; since
the oil is burnt along with the
fuel, fresh oil is constantly fed to
the lubrication points inside the
engine: Sự bôi trơn bằng cách
pha nhớt vào nhiên liệu
l touch up v. to repair minimal
blemishes in the paintwork, e.g.
those caused by stone chippings
or scratches: Sơn lại chỗ trầy nhỏ
trên thân xe (do đá văng)
toughened windscreen n.
windcreen made of toughened
glass which, on impact, will not
shatter like ordinary glass but
402
tow
fractures into small pieces and
crazes over; laminated glass is
nowadays the preferred material:
Kính cứng nhiều lớp
touring car or tourer n. an early
type of convertible, often with a
folding top, seating five or more
passengers: Xe mui trần năm chỗ
tow v. (1) to pull a trailer or caravan
behide a vehicle by means of a
towing hitch: Kéo rơ moóc bằng
móc kéo
(2) to pull a disabled vehicle behind
another vehicle by means of a
rope, cable or rigid bar: Kéo xe
khác theo bằng dây cáp hoặc
thanh cứng
l towable a. (1) capable of being
towed: Có thể được kéo
(2) description of a car after an
accident: Xe bị đụng
l tow away v. to remove
unauthorized (e.g. illegally
parked) vehicle, thus incurring a
hefty fine for the owners: Kéo xe
đi bởi cảnh sát do phạm luật
l towball or towing ball n. metal
ball on a towing bracket onto
which a trailer or caravan is
coupled. In US English, it is hitch
ball: Móc kéo xe
l tow bar n. (a) crossbar of a
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
tower jack traction

towing bracket onto which the Cảm biến vị trí cánh bướm ga
towball is mounted: Đòn gắn
track n. In vehicle geometry, distance
móc kéo
between the centres of the
(b) rigid bar used for towing disabled
contact patches of two wheels on a
vehicle short distances: Thanh
common axle. In US English, it is
cứng kéo xe
tread: Bề rộng cơ sở của xe
(c) = drawbar: Đòn kéo
l track bar n. = panhard rod:
tower jack n. tower with a solid foot Thanh xoắn panhard
and an arm at right angles which
l tracking n. (a) correct alignment
fits into a slot in the side of a car
of the wheels; adjusted by means
and is would up the tower to raise
of the track rods: Chỉnh độ chụm
the vehicle: Cái kích, con đội
bánh xe
dạng tháp
l tracking mark n. telltale sign on
towing bracket n. structure attached
the distributor cover or ignition
to the rear of a car to enable a
cables indicating a leakage of
trailer or caravan to be towed;
current: Vết rò điện cao áp
consists of one or two brackets,
a towbar and towball: Móc để kéo l track rod n. one of the transverse
(trước xe) bars connecting the steering
system to the steering arms; the
l towing eye or towing lug n. steel
link between the drop arm and
ring fitted to the chassis of a car to
the steering-knuckle arm. It is
which a towrope can be attached:
also called tie rod: Rô-tuyn
Lỗ móc xích để kéo
traction n. (a) pulling force: Lực kéo
l towrope n. rope, or textile or
plastic covered cable,ususally no (b) adhesive friction between the
longer than 5 metres, used for tyre and the road surface;
towing another vehicle: Dây kéo xe gripping power: Khả năng bám
của bánh xe
Toyota n. the largest car manufacturer
in Japan and the third largest one l traction avant (in French) = front
in the world (after GM and Ford): wheel drive: Bánh trước chủ động
Hãng xe Toyota l traction control system n. = anti-
TPS = Throttle Position Sensor: spin regulation: Hệ thống điều

Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô 403

 traffic
khiển lực kéo chống trượt (chống
quay xe)
l traction differential n. = limited-
spin differential: Bộ vi sai có khóa
chống quay
l tractive conversion n. = stall
torque ratio
traffic n. vehicles travelling along a
road or street: Xe cộ trên đường
l trafficator n. = semaphore
indicator
l traffic circle n. US = roundabout:
Vòng xoay
l traffic island n. raised area in
the middle of a road designed
to separate two flows of traffic
and to provide a safe temporary
stopping place for pedestrians
crossing the road: Con lươn dành
cho người đi bộ đứng tránh xe
l traffic jam n. a number of vehicles
stopped behind one another on a
road: Sự ùn tắc giao thông, kẹt xe
l traffic light n. red, amber, and
green lights on a traffic signal
placed at junctions to regulate the
flow of traffic: Đèn tín hiệu giao
thông
trail n. = castor
trailer n. (a) a, usually two-wheeled,
vehicle designed to be towed
behind a car: Xe móc
404
transfer (gear) box
(b) the goods-containing part of an
articulated lorry that is drawn by
the cab: Toa móc
(c) US caravan: Xe-nhà lưu động
trailling arm or link n. rear
suspension link which supports
the wheel behide the pivot point:
Đòn kéo hệ thống treo sau
tram(car) n. electrically driven public
transport vehicle which runs on
rails laid in the surface of the road
and which is usually powered by
an overhead cable: Xe chở khách
công cộng chạy bằng điện (xe
điện)
(NOTE: US English = streetcar)
l tramline or tramway n. the rails
along which a tram runs: Đường
ray xe điện
tranny n. US (informal) =
TRANSMISSION: Hộp số
transaxle n. combination of
transmission and differential
typical of FWD cars with
transverse engines: Cụm hộp số
và cầu cho động cơ nằm ngang
l transaxle housing = usually
an aluminium casting for the
transaxle: Vỏ hộp số và cầu
transfer (gear) box or transfer case
n. gearbox that transfers an
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
Transistorized coil ignition system
input drive between two shafts,
e.g. between front and rear axle
in four-wheel drive vehicles:
Hộp số phụ
l transfer plate n. adapter plate
in the control valve assembly of
automatic transmissions, used
to direct the fluid flow between
adjacent valve bodies: Tấm
chuyển dòng chảy (hộp số tự
động)
l transfer port n. port in the
cylinder of a two-stroke engine
through which the compressed
combustible air/fuel mixture
enters the combustion chamber
from the crankcase: Cửa nạp
(động cơ hai kỳ)
Transistorized coil ignition system n.
= transistorized ignition system
(TCI): Đánh lửa bán dẫn dùng
transistor
l transistorized coil ignition with
Hall sensor = transistorized
ignition with hall generator
(TCI-H): Đánh lửa bán dẫn có
cảm biến Hall
l transistorized ignition system =
ignition system using a transistor
as a power switch; available as
breaker-triggered TI with contact
breaker or as breakerless TI
with magnetic pick-up or Hall
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
transmission
generator (TI): Hệ thống đánh lửa
bán dẫn
l transistorized ignition system
with inductive pulse generator
= transistorized ignition with
inductive pick-up: Hệ thống đánh
lửa bán dẫn với cảm biến điện từ
l transistorized ignition with Hall
generator = TI-H, there are two
types of TI-H; in one version,
the dwell angle is determined by
the width of the rotor vanes in
the distributor; the other version
contains a circuit for automatic
dwell angle control incorporated
in the electronic control unit: Hệ
thống đánh lửa bán dẫn có cảm
biến Hall
l transistorized ignition with
inductive or magnetic pick-up
(TI-I) = transistorized ignition
system with a magnetic pick-up in
the distributor and an electronic
control unit for signal processing,
with curent and dwell angle
control: Hệ thống đánh lửa bán
dẫn có cảm biến điện từ
transmission n. (a) the transference
of motive force or power: Sự
truyền động hoặc công suất
(b) the drive train system from clutch
to final drive (c) US = gearbox: Bộ
truyền lực, hộp số
405
transmission controlled spark
l transmission controlled spark n.
system to reduce the emission
of nitrous oxides by which a
vacuum solenoid and a switch in
the transmission system prevents
the distributor’s vacuum advance
mechanism from operating in the
lower gears and at low speed
(TCS): Điều khiển lửa để giảm
hàm lượng NOx qua cơ cấu đánh
lửa sớm chân không tác động
nhờ công tắc ở hộp số
l transmission control module
(TCM) n. electronic automatic
transmission control unit which
computes the vehicle’s operating
conditions and generates
corresponding signal pulses
for the solenoid valve of the
hydraulic control system; may
also exchange data with other
electronic control units: Hộp điện
tử điều khiển hộp số tự động
l transmission control system n.
hydraulic or electro-hydraulic
system which controls the
changes of ratio in automatic
transmissions corresponding
to engine load, vehicle speed,
positions of the selector lever,
and shift mode button: Hệ thống
điều khiển hộp số
l transmission cover n. a two or three decks): Loại xe to
removable part of the floorpan
406
transporter
usually located at the front end
of the centre tunnel in cars with
a longitudinally mounted engine;
provides better access to the top
of the gearbox for maintenance
and adjustment purposes: Vỏ
hộp số (cho động cơ nằm dọc)
l transmission extension (housing)
n. rear-wheel drive transmission
housing enclosing an extended
main shaft, sometimes
accommodating the gear lever
and associated mechanism: Vỏ
cầu sau
l transmission governor n. =
governor: Bộ điều tốc
l transmission housing n. housing
containing the gearbox and
final drive on front-wheel drive
cars with transverse engines in
which housing and clutch are at
opposite ends of the engine: Vỏ
hộp số (cho động cơ nằm ngang)
transmitter n. (e.g. of radio
remote control system) device
that transmits electrical or radio
signals. It is opposite to receiver:
Bộ phát tín hiệu vô tuyến (điều
khiển từ xa)
transporter n. large articulated lorry
for transporting several cars (on
dùng để chở ô tô
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
transverse engine
transverse engine n. the typical
engine arrangement on FWD
subcompact cars with the
engine mounted across the car,
which reduces the length of the
engine compartment, resulting
in more space for the passenger
compartment; introduced in 1959
by the British design engineer Sir
Alec Issigonis on the BMC Mini.
It is also called east-west layout.
The opposite is longitudinal
engine: Động cơ nằm ngang
l transverse (flow) scavenging n.
= cross scavenging: Sự quét khí
thẳng
l transverse leaf spring n. usually a
semi-elliptic leaf spring mounted
across the car for either front
or rear suspension, with radius
arms being necessary to locate
the axle: Lá nhíp nằm ngang
l transverse rod n. = panhard rod:
Thanh xoắn panhard
trap n. a filter or separator: Cái lọc
l trap oxidizer = in diesel particulate
filters, a means of burning the
particulate charge trapped in
the filter element, to prevent
the filter from clogging and to
restore filtration capacity; usually
a catalyst coating that promotes
oxidation of carbon particulates
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
tread
to harmless carbon dioxide: Bộ
phận đốt tiếp muội than
l trapping efficiency n. (of two-
stroke engines) the mass of fresh
charge in a cylinder actually
retained, divided by the mass of
fresh charge supplied per cycle:
Hiệu suất nạp (hai kỳ)
travel n. the distance moved by a
mechanical part when performing
an operation; e.g. the stroke of a
piston: Hành trình
TR-Denloc rim/ wheel = TD rim /
wheel: Niềng/ bánh xe TR-Denloc
tread n. (a) the part of the tyre
that makes contact with the road;
it is the thickest part of the tyre
and is cut with grooves to provide
traction for driving and stopping:
Mặt gai vỏ xe
l tread depth n. the depth of the
grooves in a tyre tread; 1.6 mm
across three-quarters of the tyre
which is a legal requirement:
Chiều sâu gai vỏ xe
l tread depth gauge = simple
compact device for measuring
the depth of tread, consisting of a
spring-loaded plunger calibrated
in millimetres: Dụng cụ đo chiều
sâu gai vỏ xe
l tread groove n. one of several
407
triangular earth electrode
channels cut in the tread that
disperses water when the road is
wet: Đường rãnh ta-lông vỏ xe
l tread profile n. the shape of the
tread as seen in cross section:
Dạng ta-lông lốp xe được nhìn
theo mặt cắt ngang
triangular earth electrode n. earth
electrode having three bridges
attached to its end points, which
from a link to the treaded shell:
Điện cực ba chấu (bu-gi)
l triangular safety reflector n. =
warning triangle: Biển báo nguy
hiểm hình tam giác
tricar n. old name for a three-wheeler:
Xe ô tô, mô tô ba bánh
trichlorethene or trichlorethylene
(C2HCl3) n. cleaning solvent: Loại
dung môi để làm sạch
trickle charge n. continuous charging
of a storage battery at a low
rate to keep it in a fully charged
condition for a period when no
current is drawn from it: Nạp ắc
quy từ từ
l trickle charger = small, mains-
operated battery charger, typically
delivering less than five amperes:
Bộ nạp điện loại nhỏ
trigger box n. = ignition control unit:
Bộ điều khiển (IC) đánh lửa
408
trip computer
l triggering device or unit
electronic control unit that triggers
the air bag in a crash, containing
a deceleration sensor, a Hamlin
switch and a check circuit: Thiết
bị làm bung túi khí
l trigger wheel n. (a) rotor of a
magnetic pick-up integrated into
the distributor, with as many teeth
as the engine has cylinders: Rô-
to cảm biến điện từ
(b) Hall generator, rotor with an outer
ring interrupted by one or several
Hall windows, depending on its
purpose: Rô-to cảm biến Hall
trim n. (a) a car’s interior decoration,
including the upholstery, roof and
door linings (b) a car’s exterior
decoration, including wheel trims,
rubbing strips, bezels. It is also
called soft trim: Sự trang trí xe
l trim panel n. decorative interior
panel: Tấm trang trí
l trim panel release tool = fork-like
tool used to pry out fasteners on
interior panels without breaking
them or damaging the car: Dụng
cụ tháo tấm trang trí
trip computer n. computer with a
multi-function display; supplies
the drive with trip information
such as range, ETA, distance to
destination, time, fuel economy,
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
triplex chain
fuel consumption, average
speed, accumulated trip miles,
elapsed time since last reset:
Máy tính hành trình
triplex chain n. a chain with three
rows of rollers: Xích có ba dãy
con lăn
trip meter or trip mileage counter n.
= trip recorder = trip odometer:
Đồng hồ đo quãng đường một
cuộc hành trình
l trip recorder n. incorporated in
the speedometer, the trip recorder
indicates the mileage (in miles or
km) covered during a particular
journey (trip), either mechanically
or electronically; trip figures can be
reset to zero by turning or pushing
a reset button: Đồng hồ đo quãng
đường một cuộc hành trình
trolleybus n. electrically powered
public transport bus that takes its
power
from overhead wires: Ô tô điện
(bánh hơi)
l trolley jack n. hydraulic jack with
swivel wheels: Con đội thuỷ lực
có bánh xe, đội cá sấu
troy weight n. system of
measurement of weight used for
gold and other metals, such as
silver and platinum: Hệ thống đo
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
tube
trọng lượng của Anh dùng để cân
vàng, bạc
l troy ounce = measurement of
weight (= 31.10 grammes). In
writing, it is often shortened
to troy oz, after figures: 25.2 troy oz:
Đơn vị đo trọng lượng của vàng
TR rim n. safety rim developed
by Michelin with a flattened rim
flange and run-flat potential:
Niềng xe an toàn TR
truck n. a large lorry: Xe tải nặng
true n. & adv. accurately made or
correctly adjusted: Sự lắp đúng
chỗ (n.), chỉnh đúng (adv.)
l the wheel runs true = the wheel
rolls straight without any wobble
or deviation from side to side. It
is opposite to out of true: Bánh xe
chạy không đảo
l true up v. = dress: Bào mặt, mài
giũa
trunk n. in US English, it is boot :
Thùng để hành lý đằng sau xe
tube n. (a) long hollow cylinder for
carrying liquids or gas: Ống dẫn
(b) = inner tube: Ruột xe
l tube bender = tool for bending
tubing without collapsing it, e.g.
pipe bending pliers: Dụng cụ
uốn ống
409
tube cutter tungsten

l tube cutter = tool with cutting l tubular nut driver or spinner =

wheels for cutting off tubing nut driver with handle and tubular
evenly at right angles: Dụng cụ shank for driving hexagon nuts
cắt ống and bolts: Ống tuýp
l tubed a. (of a tyre) having an tuner n. that component / circuit
inner tube: Có ruột xe (lốp xe) of a radio which tunes to the
frequencies of radio stations;
l tubeless a. (of a tyre) having no
(tuner + amplifier = receiver): Bộ
inner tube: Không có ruột xe (lốp xe)
dò đài (radio)
l tubeless tyre = tyre with no
tune (up) v. to adjust an engine
inner tube, whose air pressure
to obtain optimum performance;
is maintained by an air-tight seal
e.g. adjustment of the ignition
between the outer casing of the
timing, valve clearances and the
tyre and the wheel rim: Lốp (vỏ)
carburettor’s idling circuit, and
xe không có ruột
servicing of the distributor and
l tubing reamer n. tool used sparking plugs: Cân chỉnh động cơ
to remove burrs on tubes, e.g.
l tuned header n. = high-
after a tube cutter is used when
performance header
servicing the brake line system:
Cái lã ống l tune-up n. adjustments made
to an engine to improve its
l tubular a. in the shape of a tube;
performance: Sự cân chỉnh
cylindrical: Có hình ống
động cơ
l tubular backbone frame = a
l tune-up decal or label = vehicle
backbone chassis with a tubular
emission control information:
central spine: Khung sườn chính
Nhãn chứng nhận đã kiểm tra khí
bằng ống
thải
l tubular frame = frame construction
tungsten n. hard, malleable,
that features members of tubular
greyish-white element used in
cross section; often used for
lamp filaments, electrical contact
racing cars, as this layout allows
points and, alloyed with steel, in
for weight-saving design with the
high-speed cutting tools: Vonfram
used of aluminium: Khung xe
bằng ống ráp lại l tungsten-halogen bulb = a quartz-

410 Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô

tuning
halogen bulb with a tungsten
filament: Bóng đèn vonfram-
halogen
tuning n. the adjustment of
carburettor, ignition timing, etc.
to improve performance: Sự cân
chỉnh động cơ
tunnel drier or tunnel furnace n.
heated tunnel through which
body shells are passed in painting
lines, e.g. to dry their phosphate
coating: Ống sấy sơn
turbine n. machine which produces
power by the action of water,
steam, gas, etc. turning a wheel
with blades: Tua-bin
l turbine housing or casing n. the
casing enclosing a turbine: Vỏ
tua-bin
turbine wheel n. (a) (of a turbocharger)
wheel driven by exhaust gases,
the turbine wheel spins at speed
up to 1.6 x 105 rpm and drivesthe
compressor which is located at
the opposite end of the turbine
shaft; wheel and shaft are usually
inseparable: Bánh công tác của
tua-bin tăng áp
(b) (of a torque converter) driven
member which transmits
multiplied engine torque to the
transmission in put shaft: Bánh
công tác của bộ biến mô
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
turbo diesel
turbocharged engine n. engine fitted
with a turbocharger: Động cơ có
tua-bin tăng áp
turbocharger or (informal) turbo
n. a centrifugal compressor or
supercharger driven by exhaust
gas energy: Tua-bin tăng áp
turbocharging n. a method of
extracting more power from an
engine of a given capacity by
means of a turbine unit driven
by exhaust gases and rotating at
very high speed: tăng áp bằng
tua-bin
turbo diesel (engine) n. a diesel
engine which is turbocharged:
Động cơ diesel có tua-bin tăng áp
l Turbocharged Direct Injection
(TDI) = directly injected turbo diesel
engine. It is opposite to swirt-
chamber diesel engine: Động cơ
diesel có tua-bin tăng áp phun
trực tiếp
l turbo gauge n. boost pressure
gauge of turbocharged engines:
Đồng hồ báo áp suất tua-bin tăng
áp
l turbo lag n. the time it takes a
turbocharger to respond after
the accelerator pedal has been
depressed: Thời gian đáp ứng
của tua-bin
411
turbulence
l turbo-supercharger n. = l TVV = Thermal Vacuum Valve :
turbocharger: Tua-bin tăng áp
turbulence n. = swirl: Sự xoáy lốc
turnbuckle n. metal sleeve with
opposite internal threads each
end for the threaded ends of two
rods or for ringbolts, forming a
coupling that can be turned to
tighten or loosen the rods or wires
attached to the ringbolts: Thanh
có thể hiệu chỉnh chiều dài qua
đai ốc
l turning circle n. the smallest
circle in which a vehicle can turn,
i.e. with the wheels on full lock:
Vòng tròn nhỏ nhất mà một chiếc
xe có thể quay đầu được
l turning radius = the radius of the
turning circle: Bán kính xe quay
vòng
l turn-in rate n. the way a car
steers into a bend; the roll-steer
effect: Độ quay
l turnpike n. US = toll road,
especially one that is an
expressway: Cổng ngăn thu lệ
phí đường
l turn signal indicator n. = direction
indicator: Đèn xi nhan, đèn báo rẽ
TVS = Thermal Vacuum Switch:
Công tắc nhiệt chân không
412
twin A-arm suspension
Van nhiệt chân không
TWC = Three-Way Catalyst: Bộ
xúc tác ba chất tác dụng.
tweak n. to tune an engine for peak
performance: Hiệu chỉnh động cơ
đạt công suất tối đa
twelve-cylinder engine n. an engine
with twelve cylinders, e.g. a V-12:
Động cơ 12 xi-lanh
twelve-valve (engine) n. three-
cylinder engine with four valves
per cylinder (e.g. Daihatsu), or
a six-cylinder engine with two
valves per cylinder, or a four-
cylinder engine with three valves
per cylinder, i.e. two inlet valves
and one exhaust valve: Động cơ
12 xú-páp (3 xi-lanh với 4 xú-páp
cho mỗi xi-lanh)
TWI = Thread Wear Indicators: Dụng
cụ đo độ mòn ren
twin A-arm suspension n. = double
wishbone suspension: Hệ thống
treo tay đòn chữ A đôi
l twin axle n. = tandem axle: Cầu
xe đôi
l twin barrel or twin choke
carburettor n. carburettor with
two identical barrels to feed two
banks of cylinders: Bộ chế hòa
khí có hai bướm gió
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
twin cam (shaft) engine
l twin cam (shaft) engine n. =
double overhead cam-shaft
engine: Động cơ có hai trục cam
trên nắp máy
l twin carburettors n. two
carburettors on an engine,
mechanically coupled and
balanced (TC): Bộ chế hòa khí đôi
l twin diaphragm pump n. diaphragm
pump with two diaphragms; if
one fails the other takes over its
function: Bơm màng đôi
l twin exhaust system n. exhaust
system with two tailpipes; either
a complete exhaust system, as
on performance cars and cars
with V-engines, or simply two
tailpipes emanating from the rear
silencer. In US English, it is dual
exhaust system: Hệ thống xả có
hai ống pô
l twin front pipe or twin header or
headpipe n. = Y-pipe: Đầu ống
pô dạng chữ Y
l twin headlamp n. headlamp
arrangement containing two
headlights; the outer lights
provide the main and dipped
beams, the inner lights are for
main beam only: Đèn đầu có hai
bóng
l twin ignition system n. distributor
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
twin swirl combustion chamber
with two sets of contact points,
each of which operates with its
own coil in a separate primary
circuit; the contact points open
alternately, each set firing haft of
the cylinders: Hệ thống đánh lửa
kép (hai vít lửa)
l twin overhead camshaft n. =
double overhead cam- shaft: Động
cơ có hai trục cam trên nắp máy
l twin-piston engine n. now
obsolete two-stroke engine
design featuring two cylinder
barrels plus two pistons per
cylinder; the pistons are linked to
the crankshaft via a forked con
rod or a master/ slave con rod
assembly: Động cơ hai piston
l twin-planets n. two planet gears
in mesh; one meshes with the
sun gear and the other with the
internal gear: Bộ bánh răng hành
tinh
l twin-plate clutch n. clutch with
two driven plates separated by
an intermediate drive plate; gives
higher torque capacity: Ly hợp
hai đĩa
l twin plug or twin spark ignition n.
= twin ignition system: Hệ thống
đánh lửa trực tiếp bôbin đôi
l twin swirl combustion chamber
413
twist-beam rear axle
n. special design of a four-stroke
engine, in which the intake valves
are arranged in such a way
as to ensure that the gas flow
ends in two separate swirl; this
design improves swirl and thus
enhances combustion of the fuel /
air mixture within cylinder: Buồng
cháy với hai đường xoáy lốc
l twin-tube damper n. = double-
tube shock absorber: Bộ giảm
chấn hai ống
l twin wheel n. (a) a double-
rimmed wheel with two
independently inflated tyres; has
good aquaplaning and run-flat
properties: Bánh xe hai niềng
(b) with two wheel fitted to one hub
(as in HGVs): Bánh xe đôi
twist-beam rear axle n. = semi-
independent suspension: Hệ
thống treo bán độc lập
l twist drill n. drill bit having two
helical grooves running from
the point along the shank: Lưỡi
khoan
l two-cycle engine n. = two-
stroke engine: Động cơ hai kỳ
l two-door n. having one door on
each side; a body design typical
of all two-seater sports cars (such
as roadster, spiders) and many
414
two-stroke cycle
subcompact cars: Xe hai cửa
l two-pack paint = paint prepared
by mixing two constituents, such
as pigment and an acrylic resin:
Loại sơn được pha trộn từ hai
thành phần khác nhau (ví dụ chất
màu và nhựa acylic)
l two-piece (forged) alloy wheel
n. wheel which consists of the
rim and the wheel disc or spider
bolted together. ‘Forged‘ is
optional, since multi-piece alloy
wheels are always forged and not
cast: Mâm hợp kim loại hai nửa
tách rời
l two-speed a. having two-speed
settings (e.g. fan, windscreen
wiper): Hai tốc độ
l two-speed gearbox = dual-range
gearbox: Hộp số hai tốc độ
l two-stage carburettor n. =
compound carburettor: Bộ chế
hòa khí kép
l two-stage pump = generally
a centrifugal pump with two
impellers and diffusers arranged
in series: Bơm hai tầng
two-stroke cycle n. operating principle
of an internal combustion engine
characterized by the fact that the
inlet, compression, combustion
and exhaust phases overlap
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
two-tone horn
and require only two cycles;
used mainly by small motocycle
engines: Chu trình động cơ hai kỳ
l two-stroke engine = an engine
operating on the two-stroke cycle:
Động cơ hai kỳ
two-tone horn n. two horns whose
diaphragms cause a column of
air to resonate at two different
frequencies: Còi hai giọng
l two-tone paint = paint colour of
two different shades: Lớp sơn có
hai tông màu
l two-valve engine n. engine with
two-valves per cylinder: Động cơ
có hai xú-páp cho mỗi xi-lanh
l two-valve head = cylinder head
with two valves per cylinder:
Nắp xi- lanh có hai xú-páp cho
mỗi xi-lanh
l two-way catalyst n. = oxidizing
catalyst: Chất xúc tác hai tác dụng
l two-way (catalytic) converter =
oxidizing converter: Bộ xúc tác
hai tác dụng
l two-way system n. turbo-charging
system in which, as long as the
charging pressure is insufficient,
the air is drawn in from a
prechamber via a diaphragm
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
tyre
valve; with rising charging
pressure, the valve closes and
the turbocharger delivers air via
the surge tank connected to a
pressure regulator: Hệ thống tua-
bin tăng áp có hai đường dẫn
l two-wheel drive n. the normal
drive for a vehicle in which two
of the four wheels (either front
or rear) are driven: Hai bánh chủ
động
l two-wheel driven = of a vehicle
with two-wheel drive; also written
‘4 x 2‘: Hai bánh bị động
type approval certificate n. certificate
issued by the Department
of Transport denoting that a
particular vehicle type meets
official requirements: Giấy chứng
nhận xe đủ tiêu chuẩn
l type designation or symbol
n. sparking plug designation
indicating seat and thread
type, version, heat range code
number, reach, spark position,
and electrode material: Ký hiệu
loại bu-gi
tyre n. the casing-and-thread
assembly that is mounted on a
wheel to provide preumatically
cushioned contact and traction
with the road: Vỏ, lốp xe
415
tyre bead
l tyre bead n. the part of a tyre
which is shaped to fit the rim
and rests on the rim bead seat;
made of steel wires, wrapped and
reinforced by the plies of the tyre:
Gân mép vỏ xe
l tyre body n. = carcass = Thân
lốp xe
l tyre chains n. = snow chains =
Bố lốp xe
l tyre contact area/zone n. =
contact patch = Mặt tiếp xúc lốp xe
l tyre gauge n. = tyre pressure
gauge = Đồng hồ đo áp suất lốp xe
l tyre iron n. = tyre lever, the term
tyre iron is occasionally used to
denote a wheelbrace with a flat
end and a socket end = Thép
trong lốp xe
l tyre kicker n. in car sales jargon,
a person who is just looking, not
buying: Người chỉ đi xem mà
không mua xe
l tyre lever n. special automotive
tool used to remove and install
tyres by level action or to prize
off parts. In US English, it is iron:
Cần nạy vỏ xe
tyre pressure n. manufacture’s
recommended pressure for a
tyre, dependent on load, speed,
416
tyre valve
etc. usually given in bar, or pound-
force per square inch (psi): Áp
suất lốp xe
l tyre pressure gauge = instrument
for measuring air pressure in a
tyre: Dụng cụ đo áp suất lốp xe
tyre rotation n. = wheel rotation: Sự
thay đổi vỏ xe (giữa các bánh
trước và sau)
l tyre size (designation) n.
specified on the tyre sidewall;
e.g. P 205/60 R 15, where: P =
Passenger car; 205 = tyre width
in millimetres; 60 = tyre section
height to width ratio; R = radial
ply; 15 = nominal run diameter in
inches: Thông số kích thước vỏ
lốp xe
l tyre slip angle n. = SLIP ANGLE
l tyre squeal n. noise made by
the tyres when suffering sudden
acceleration or braking or when
cornering too fast: Tiếng rít của
vỏ xe
l tyre valve n. the function of the
tyre valve is to admit air under
pressure to the tyre chamber
formed between the casing and
the rim, and to release air for
pressure-adjustment purposes or
tyre removal; car tubeless tyres
use a snap-in valve: Van lốp xe
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
U-bolt
Uu
U-bolt n. metal bar in the shape of
a U, threaded at both ends and
often with a bridging piece to
close the circle; used to secure
leaf springs, exhaust pipes, ring
bolts, shackles, etc.: Bu-lông
hình chữ U (dùng kẹp nhíp, pô)
U-cylinder engine n. = twin-piston
ENGINE
UDC = Upper Dead Centre
UJ or U-joint = Universal Joint
ultrasonic welding n. a high-tech
welding procedure used for
metals (e. g. in wire bonding of
integrated circuits) and plastics:
Kỹ thuật hàn siêu âm (dùng để
dán dây trên vi mạch)
unburnt hydrocarbons n. pollutant
(basically petrol vapour) released
into the atmosphere as an
exhaust gas, due to incomplete
combustion: Hydrocacbon còn
sót (chưa cháy) trong khí thải
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
underbody
UNC thread n. Unified National
Coarse thread; one of the screw
threads used on British cars:
Đường ren thô theo tiêu chuẩn Anh
underbody n. the underside of a
car: Gầm xe
l underbody coating or underbody
protection = coating of the
underbody of a vehicle, usually
with organic coating materials
(plastic, wax, bitumen-based
products), to protect it from
mechanical damage and
corrosion: Lớp phủ chống va đập
và ăn mòn gầm xe
l underbody structure = the
structural members and flat
panels of the body-work on the
chassis level. It may also be
called sub-structure: Cấu trúc
khung gầm
l underbonnet area n. the engine
compartment: Vùng ca-pô chứa
động cơ xe
417
undercoat underside

l undercarriage n. = underbody l underpowered a. of a car whose

structure engine provides less power than
is necessary for acceptable
undercoat n. (a) any preliminary
performance; especially
coat of paint applied prior to the
noticeable when accelerating,
top coat (b) universal: Lớp sơn
overtaking or going uphill: Xe
lót trước lớp sơn ngoài
chạy không đủ công suất, lì máy
undercut n. recess either cut or
l underseal 1 n. rustproof coating
moulded into the underside of
with sound-deadening properties
an object so as to leave a lip or
applied to the underbody. In US
protuberance at the top: Vành
English, it is undercoat: Lớp sơn
l underfloor n. the underside of a lót gầm xe
car: Gầm xe
2 v. to apply underseal: Phủ lớp
l underfloor mid-engine = new sơn lót cho gầm xe
design, introduced on the Toyota
l under seat panel n. = seat well
Previa minivan, where the engine
is located below the passenger undershield n. body accessory
compartment, between front and panel made from tough, oil-
rear: Động cơ đặt giữa xe resistant plastic for fitting on
cars that do not have a standard
l underframe n. general term
wheel house panel: Tấm che
referring to the underbody
phía dưới gầm
backbone of a car, both for unitary
or chassis designs: Khung xe underside n. the lower side of the
underbody, i.e. the surfaces that
l underhead collar n. washer fitted
the road surface: Mặt bên dưới
under the head of a bolt or screw:
xe (gầm xe)
Vòng đệm dưới đầu bu-lông hoặc
đinh vít l underslung a. suspended below
a supporting member, e.g. of a
l underinflated tyre n. tyre which
chassis suspended below the
has too little air in it, causing
axles: Khung được treo thấp
increased wear at the tread edge.
hơn cầu
It is opposite to overinflated tyre:
Bánh xe non hơi (làm mòn gai l underslung frame = frame
nhanh) design of the pre-war era whose

418 Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô

unequal-length wishbone suspension
characteristic feature is that the
frame members run below the
axles: Khung xe dưới trục
l undersquare engine n. = long
stroke engine: Động cơ có hành
trình pít-tông dài
l understeer 1 v. (of a vehicle) to
turn less sharply than the driver
intends: Quay vòng thiếu
2 n. action of understeering. It is
opposite to oversteer: Sự quay
vòng thiếu
l undertray n. the bottom panel of
multi-layer or complex underbody
panel assemblies, which faces
the road surface: Sàn dưới xe
l undertread n. = breaker
unequal-length wishbone suspension
n. double wishbone suspension
system in which the upper
wishbone is shorter than the
lower one, with both converging
slightly at the wheel hub reduces
tyre wear due to variations in
track and camber angle when
cornering: Hệ thống treo hai đòn
có chiều dài không bằng nhau
unequal wishbones n. double
wishbone suspension system
in which the upper wishbone is
shorter than the lower one, with
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
unitary construction
both converging slightly at the
wheel hub; reduces tyre wear due
to variations in track and camber
angle when cornering: Hệ thống
treo hai đòn có chiều dài không
bằng nhau
UNF thread n. Unified National Fine
thread; one of the screw threads
used on British cars: Đường ren
mịn theo tiêu chuẩn Anh
unibody construction n. = unitary
construction: Cấu trúc khung
nguyên khối
unidirectional (flow) scavenging or
uniflow scavenging n. scavenging
process of two-stroke engines:
Hệ thống quét khí một chiều
(động cơ hai kỳ)
uniform corrosion n. corrosion
occurring over the entire
exposed surface. It is opposite
to localized corrosion: Sự ăn
mòn toàn bộ bề mặt
union nut n. nut used to secure
the connection between pipes or
rods: Đai ốc nối ống dẫn, thanh,
cần (Rắc-co)
unitary construction n. modern
chassis layout with no separate
frame, using the sheet metal parts
of the vehicle body or floorpan
as structural members which
also carry all suspension parts;
419
unit engine U section

introduced by Citroën in 1934, by weight of those parts of the car

GM/Opel Olympia in 1935. It is which are not carried by the
also called monocoque: Cấu trúc suspension system, but are
khung nguyên khối directly supported by the tyre and
wheel assembly and considered
unit engine n. a term used for
to move with it. It is opposite to
motorcycles where engine and
sprung mass/ weight: Khối lượng
gearbox are accommodated in
không được treo (khối lượng của
one common housing: Cụm động
các chi tiết nối với bánh xe)
cơ gồm động cơ và hộp số trên
xe gắn máy updraught carburettor n. carburettor
in which the air/ fuel mixture is
universal joint n. (a) a form of coupling
drawn in from below; a rather
between two rotating shafts
unusual type. It is opposite to
allowing freedom of movement in
downdraught carburettor: Bộ chế
all directions; general term for a
hòa khí đảo ngược (có miệng hút
family of universal joint designs
gió và các bộ phận phụ thuộc để
(UJ): Khớp nối các-đăng
luồng gió đi từ dưới lên trên và
(b) (tool) accessory which allows a chạy thẳng qua ống góp nạp)
socket to be turned through an
upper dead centre n. = top dead
angle: Dụng cụ có khớp nối vạn
centre (UDC): Điểm chết trên
năng
up-stroke n. the ascending stroke
l universally jointed shaft n. =
of a piston, from BDC to TDC:
cardan shaft: Trục các-đăng
Hành trình pít-tông đi lên
l universal sparking plug socket
urban driving n. driving in towns,
n. sparking plug socket with
in built-up areas. In US English,
universal joint for reaching hard-
it is metro driving: Chạy xe vùng
to-get-at sparking plugs: Tuýp
thành phố
mở bu-gi đa dụng
urban (test) cycle n. driving cycle
unleaded petrol n. petrol to which
that simulates driving in a town:
no lead has been added: Xăng
Chu kỳ kiểm tra xe chạy trong
không pha chì
thành phố
unloader valve n. = delivery valve
U section n. a sheet metal section
unsprung mass or weight n. the often used on underbody

420 Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô

 ute
structural members; it differs
from a box section in that the
fourth wall of the box is missing,
i.e. its cross section more or less
resembles the letter U: Tiết diện
dạng chữ U
ute: In Australian, which is utility truck:
Loại xe tải nhỏ, không mui, thành
thấp (cho các nhà xây dựng,
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
UV absorber or stabilizer
nông dân dùng)
utility truck n. = pickup truck
UV absorber or stabilizer n. any
substance that absorbs ultraviolet
radiation, then dissipates the
energy in a harmless form;
used in plastics and rubbers to
decrease light sensitivity: Thiết bị
giảm tia cực tím
421
V vacuum control switch
Vv
V (a) V-engine: Động cơ chữ V
(b) (short for) valve: Van
(c) (short for) volt: Đơn vị đo hiệu
điện thế
(d) letter on the sidewall of a tyre
denoting the maximum speed
for which it is designed (over 210
km/h or over 130 mph): Ký tự trên
lốp xe chỉ tốc độ tối đa 210 km/h
V-4, V-6, V-8, V-10, V-12 = V-four,
V-six, V-eight, V-ten, V-twelve
engine: Động cơ V-4, V-6, V-8,
V-10, V-12
vacuum n. in carburation terms,
pressure below the atmospheric
pressure: Chân không, áp suất
thấp
l vacuum advance (mechanism
or unit) n. vacuum control unit
for advancing the spark. It is
opposite to vacuum retard unit:
Sự đánh lửa sớm chân không
422
l vacuum brake booster n. device
directly connected to the master
cylinder and mounted on the
engine side of the bulkhead,
which uses engine manifold
vacuum to produce additional
braking force. It is also called
master vac or vacuum servo: Bộ
trợ lực phanh chân không
l vacuum capsule or chamber
n. (ignition timing) pneumatic
actuator that converts air pressure
differences into a regulating short-
stroke movement; the circular,
flat capsule has a spring-loaded
diaphragm with a lever attached:
Buồng (dù) áp thấp trong delco
l vacuum control n. load-
dependant mechanical ignition
timing, controlled by the inlet
manifold vacuum: Điều khiển thời
điểm đánh lửa bằng chân không
l vacuum control switch = switch
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
vacuum modulated EGR
that monitors the vacuum signal
enabling the ECU to recognize
open or closed throttle (idle)
operation: Công tắc báo chân
không (để ECU biết cánh bướm
ga đóng hay mở)
l vacuum control unit = assembly
for load-dependent ignition timing
controlled by the inlet manifold
vacuum, consisting of a vacuum
capsule with a spring-loaded
diaphragm linked to the breaker
plate: Bộ phận điều khiển đánh
lửa sớm chân không trong delco
l vacuum filter n. filter which
removes electrical noise from
the vacuum signal sent from the
vacuum sensor to the ECU: Bộ
lọc nhiễu tín hiệu từ cảm biến
chân không (MAP)
l vacuum gauge n. instrument for
measuring engine depression:
Dụng cụ đo áp thấp đường ống
nạp
l vacuum hose n. pipe which
connects the inlet manifold to the
vacuum brake booster: Ống chân
không (nối từ ống góp hút đến
bầu trợ lực phanh)
l vacuum ignition-timing control n.
= vacuum control: Điều khiển thời
điểm đánh lửa bằng chân không
vacuum modulated EGR n. exhaust
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
vacuum reducer valve
gas recirculation in which the
amount of exhaust gas admitted
to the inlet manifold depends on
a vacuum signal controlled by
throttle position: Hệ thống tuần
hoàn khí thải được điều chỉnh
bằng chân không
vacuum reducer valve n. valve used
to limit the amount of vacuum
governing the ignition advance
mechanism of the distributor; on
some ignition systems, a VRV
is used to reduce inlet manifold
vacuum when the coolant
temperature is above 104 oC,
in order to prevent detonation
(VRV): Van giảm áp thấp (để
không tăng góc đánh lửa sớm
khi nhiệt độ nước > 104oC nhằm
chống kích nổ)
l vacuum retard (unit) n. vacuum
control unit for retarding the
spark. It is opposite vacuum
advance unit: Bộ điều khiển đánh
lửa trễ bằng chân không
l vacuum sensor n. sensor which
detects changes in manifold
pressure; such changes indicate
the need for an adjustment in
A/F mixture and electronic spark
timing to maintain efficient engine
operation: Cảm biến chân không
(Còn gọi là MAP sensor)
423
valence
l vacuum servo n. = vacuum brake
booster: Bộ trợ lực phanh (thắng)
chân không
l vacuum solenoid n. on some
engines, a vacuum solenoid
controlled by an electrical sensor
switch is used to control the EGR
valve: Solenoid chân không
l vacuum suction cup n. hand tool
for pulling out shallow body dents
and for lifting flat, heavy objects
such as wind-screens or sheet
metal: Dụng cụ hút chân không
dạng hình chén để nâng kính
hoặc tấm kim loại
l vacuum timing control n. = l valve block n. = control valve
vacuum control
l vacuum unit n. = vacuum control
unit
valence n. : Hóa trị (hóa học)
valet parking n. the parking of one’s
car by a parking attendant: Sự đỗ
xe nhờ người phục vụ trong bãi
đỗ xe
l valet switch = on some alarm
systems, a switch to override the
alarm system for valet parking,
car washes, etc.: Công tắc cho
phép hệ thống báo động ngừng
tạm thời để đậu xe, rửa xe…
valve n. (a) any device that starts,
stops, regulates or controls the
424
valve body separator plate
flow of a fluid, gas, etc: Van
(b) (in cylinder head) valve which
opens the respective ports
during the induction and
exhaust strokes and seals the
compression chamber during
the compression and expansion
strokes: Xú-páp = tyre valve
l valve adjusting screw n. screw at
the end of a rocker which bears
on a pushrod; used to tilt the
rocker and thus adjust the valve
clearance: Ốc chỉnh xú-páp
l valve aperture n. = valve hole
assembly: Cụm van trong hệ
thống thuỷ lực
l valve body n. part of the valve
assembly containing plungers,
pistons, springs, etc.: Thân van
l valve body housing = housing
which incorporates the bores
in which the valve spools slide
and the canals which channel
the oil flow: Vỏ thân van (mạch
dầu hộp số)
l valve body separator plate = plate
sandwiched between two gaskets
which separates the upper and
lower parts of the valve body:
Tấm ngăn thân van
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
valve bounce
l valve bounce n. bouncing of a
valve on its seat due to the valve
spring resonating at very high
engine speeds: Sự nảy xú-páp ở
tốc độ động cơ cao
l valve bushing n. = valve guide:
Ống lót (kềm) xú-páp
l valve cap n. screw-on cap for a
tyre valve to prevent the entry
of dirt and dust: Nắp chụp van
lốp xe
l valve clearance n. the operating
clearance between the rocker
arm and the valve stem tip in an
overhead valve engine: Khe hở
nhiệt của xú-páp
l valve clearance depression =
recess in the piston crown: Chỗ
lõm trên đỉnh pít-tông
l valve cover n. rocker cover =
Giá đỡ xú-páp
l valve crown n. = valve head: Đầu
xú-páp
l valve cut-out n. on some four-
valve engines at low speed the
main rocker arms open only two
valves per combustion chamber
in order to keep the energy of
the gases at high level; with
increasing rpm, the energy of
the gases becomes sufficiently
strong for the remaining two
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
valve guide
valves to be opened via hydraulic
locking bolts: Hệ thống ngắt bớt
hai sú páp ở tốc độ thấp trong
động cơ có bốn xú-páp trên một
xi-lanh
l valve diameter n. inlet valves
can be distinguished by their
larger diameter: Đường kính đầu
xú-páp
l valve float n. = valve bounce
l valve gear n. mechanism that
operates the inlet and exhaust
valves; includes the cams,
pushrods, rocker arms, etc. but
not the valves themselves: Cơ
cấu đóng mở xú-páp
valve grinder or valve grinding
tool n. special automotive tool
consisting of a wooden haft
and rubber suction cup(s) for
hand grinding valves: Dụng cụ
mài xú-páp
l valve grinding compound = an
abrasive compound used for
refacing valve seats: Bột nhám
mài xú-páp và đế xú-páp (cát
xoáy)
valve guide n. replaceable tubular
sleeve through which the stem of
a valve passes; designed to keep
the valve in proper alignment and
to absorb the lateral forces on the
valve stems as well as dissipating
425
valve head
the heat of the valve stem to the
surrounding cylinder head: Ống
kềm xú-páp
l valve guide driver = tool for
installing valve guides: Dụng cụ
lắp ống kềm xú-páp
l valve guide remover = drift punch
for driving out valve guides: Dụng
cụ tháo ống kềm xú-páp
l valve guide seal = valve stem
seal: Phốt xú-páp
valve head n. the disc at the end of
the valve stem which performs
the sealing operation in a poppet
valve: Đầu xú-páp
valve hole n. the hole in the rim of
a wheel for mounting tubeless
tyres: Lỗ van trên vành bánh xe
valve keeper n. fastener for the valve
stem in the upper valve retainer,
e. g. a collet: Đai ốc giữ xú-páp
(móng ngựa)
l valve lapper n. special automotive
tool for grinding (lapping) valves
into valve seats; some types are
power-operated, thus allowing
faster grinding compared with
standard suction-type valve
grinding tools: Dụng cụ để quay
xú-páp khi xoáy
l valve lapping compound= valve
grinding compound
426
valve seat
l valve lash n. = valve clearance
l valve lift n. the distance a valve
is lifted from its seat by a cam,
usually about a quarter of the
diameter of the port: Khoảng đội
xú-páp
l valve lifter n. (a) any tool that
compresses valve springs for
removal and replacement: Dụng
cụ nén lò xo xú-páp
(b) tappet: Con đội xú-páp
valve overlap n. short period between
the opening of the inlet valve and
the closing of the exhaust valve,
when both valves are open: Góc
trùng điệp (cả hai xú-páp nạp và
thoát trong xi-lanh cùng mở)
valve plate n. = valve body separator
plate
l valve port n. the inlet or exhaust
port of a four-stroke spark ignition
engine: Cửa hút hoặc cửa thoát
trên nắp máy
l valve principle n. the original
method of ABS control using an
electrically operated valve to
control the air pressure: Phương
pháp điều khiển phanh ABS dùng
điện – khí nén
l valve rotator n. = rotor cap
valve seat n. that part of a valve,
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
valve shim
or the part of the cylinder head
against which it seats, which
contacts the matching part: Đế,
bệ xú-páp
l valve seat cutter = special
automotive tool with cutting
blades for use with power tools;
used to cut worn valve seats with
30° or 45° angles: Dụng cụ cắt bệ
sú páp
l valve seat face = annular part of
a valve head located at the valve
seat of the cylinder head: Mặt bệ
xú-páp
l valve seat insert or ring =
ringshaped insert of a harder
metal than that of the cylinder
head; the use of valve seat inserts
dispenses with the need for lead
in the fuel to act as a lubricant
between the valve head and seat:
Vòng ghép (dùng kim loại cứng
hơn) của đế xú-páp
valve shim n. calibrated shim used
to adjust valve clearance on
OHV engines with bucket tappet
assembly; for adjustment, a
calibrated valve shim is placed
or removed from between tappet
and cam: Miếng chêm để chỉnh
xú-páp
l valve shim pliers = special
automotive tool for removal and
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
valve spring compressor
installation of valve shims: Cái
kìm lắp miếng chêm sú páp
l valve slot n. tube-type tyres
require a valve slot instead
of a valve hole to allow the
tyre valve to be removed from
the rim; a thread adaptor is
moulded to a circular rubber
patch vulcanized to the inner
tube; the valve stem casing
is then screwed into the tube
adaptor: Rãnh van lốp xe
l valve spool n. (in automatic
transmission) sliding
cylindrical internal part of a
valve with one or more sections
of reduced diameter: Đầu van
dẫn hướng dầu
l valve spring n. a coil spring used
to close the valves and to keep
the exhaust valve closed during
the induction stroke, thus acting
against the vacuum created in
the cylinder: Lò xo xú-páp
l valve spring cap or collar =
retaining cap (of inlet /outlet
valves) which secures the valve
keeper on the valve stem: Miếng
giữ lò xo xú-páp
l valve spring compressor = special
automotive tool used to compress
valve springs for removal and
replacement; the most common
427
valve spring depressor
type is a C-shaped clamp: Dụng
cụ ép lò xo xú-páp
l valve spring depressor = lever-
type tool used to depress valve
springs, e.g. for removal and
installation of valve stem seals:
Dụng cụ nhả lò xo xú-páp
l valve spring lifter = pliers-type tool
with two expanding jaws, used to
lift and compress valve springs
for removal and replacement:
Kìm tháo lắp lò xo sú páp
l valve spring retainer = valve
spring cap
l valve spring seat = seat retaining
the bottom of the valve spring: Đế
giữ lò xo xú-páp
(opposite to the valve spring cap)
l valve stem n. narrow cylindrical
rod which supports the valve
head and moves up and down in
the valve guide: Thân xú-páp
l valve stem seal = oil seal between
the valve and the cylinder head
which prevents excessive oil
leakage from the top of the
cylinder head into the combustion
chamber: Phốt xú-páp
l valve stem seal installer = sleeve-
type tool used to push down valve
stem seals for installation: dụng
cụ lắp phốt sú páp
428
vane
l valve stem seal pliers = special
pliers for removing valve stem
seals on overhead camshaft
engines: Kìm lắp phốt xú-páp
l valve timing n. the valve timing of
four-stroke engines state at what
crankshaft position with respect
to the dead centres of the pistons
the inlet and exhaust valves open
and close: Sự cân cam
l valve train n. the entire mechanism
from camshaft to valve that is
involved with the operation of a
valve; the valve and its valve gear:
Toàn bộ cơ cấu điều khiển đóng
mở các xú-páp
van n. (a) a covered road vehicle for
carrying goods (b) a recreational
vehicle based on the body of
a commercial van, usually with
comfortable, plush interior trim,
often with a bed: Xe tải (chuyên
chở hành lý hoặc người)
vane n. a blade or plate on a wheel
or hub, especially the stator blade
in a turbine: Cánh đặt trên bánh
hoặc trục
l vane-in-rotor pump n. = sliding-
vane pump
l vane-in-stator pump = external
vane pump
l vane pump n. type of rotary pump
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
vanity mirror
with either a slotted rotor and
sliding vanes or a rotor with hinged
vanes; typically used for air pumps
in secondary air injection systems,
as a compressor in air conditioning
systems, and in some transmission
systems: Bơm cánh quạt
l vane switch n. = hall vane switch
l vane wheel impeller n. impeller
with straight radial vanes: Bánh
công tác có cánh thẳng
vanity mirror n. mirror on the inside
of a sun visor: Gương trang điểm
ở mặt trong tấm che nắng
l vanity plate n. = personalized
numberplate
vaporize v. to turn into vapour: Làm
cho bốc hơi
vapour n. the gaseous form of a
liquid (usually caused by heating):
Hơi (do nung nóng chất lỏng)
l vapour canister = activat- ed
carbon canister: Bầu hút hơi xăng
bằng than hoạt tính
l vapour degreasing = type of
cleaning procedure to remove
grease, oil, and loosely attached
solids from metals; a solvent such
as trichloroethylene is boiled, and
its vapours are condensed on the
metal surfaces: Tẩy dơ bẩn bằng
chất dễ bay hơi
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
variable belt transmission
l vapour deposition = production
of a surface film of metal on
a heated surface, usually in a
vacuum, either by decomposition
of the vapour of a compound at
the work surface, or by direct
reaction between the work
surface and the vapour: Mạ chân
không
l vapour lock = blockage in a
pipe caused by a bubble of gas,
especially that in an overheated
fuel line leading to the carburettor:
Nghẽn ống vì bọt hơi
variable belt transmission
n. continuously variable
transmission using rubber V-belts
on expanding-contracting pulleys,
depending on engine speed and
load; originally developed by va
Doorne for DAF and then used
on the Volvo 340: Hộp số tự động
vô cấp theo tốc độ và tải động cơ
bằng cách thay đổi đường kính
puli đai dẫn động
l variable-choke carburettor n.=
variable-venturi car-burettor: Bộ
chế hòa khí có họng khuếch tán
thay đổi
l variable dwell n. = dwell-angle
control: Kiểm soát góc ngậm
l variable limited-slip axle/ centre
differential n. limited-slip
429
variable rate springs
axle/ centre differential with an
electronically operated multiple-
disc clutch as a slip-inhibiting
device: Bộ vi sai trung tâm với
ly hợp đa đĩa điều khiển bằng
điện tử
l variable rate springs n. springs
which become stiffer under
compression; variable rate
gas springs are a feature of air
suspension systems: Lò xo khí có
độ cứng thay đổi (hệ thống treo)
l variable ratio steering n. steering
ratio characteristics in power
steering systems providing
different ratios for small and large
steering angles: Hệ thống lái có
tỷ số truyền thay đổi
l variable valve timing n.
advancing and retarding valve
timing to increase efficiency by
precisely controlling the amount
of valve overlap: Thay đổi góc
phân phối khí để tăng hiệu suất
động cơ
l variable-venturi carburettor
or VV carburettor n. the
characteristic feature of this
carburettor is the vacuum-
operated piston which adjusts
the cross-sectional area of the
venturi and moves a jet needle
in and out of a needle jet;
typical designs are the SU and
430
Vee-belt
Stromberg carburettors: Bộ chế
hòa khí có họng khuếch tán thay đổi
Variomatic transmission n. = variable
belt trans- mission: Hộp số vô cấp
qua đai truyền động
varnish n. (a) a hard, glossy
transparent coating: Véc-ni
(b) a product of oil oxidation which is
deposited on pistons and piston
rings at high temperatures: Lớp
nhớt cháy bám trên pít-tông và
xéc-măng
V-belt n. drive belt with a V-shaped
cross section, for transmission of
low to moderate forces; typically
used to drive generators, water
pumps, air pumps, air conditioner
compressor units and power
steering pumps: Dây đai chữ V
l V-belt drive = type of friction drive
in which forces are transmitted
from belt to pulley or vice versa
by friction: Truyền động qua đai
dạng chữ
VVBRA = Vehicle Builders and
Repairers Association: Hội những
người chế tạo và sửa chữa xe
VC = Viscous Coupling
VECI = Vehicle Emission Control
Information
Vee-belt n. = V-belt: Dây đai dạng
chữ V
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
vehicle
vehicle n. any form of transportation
but especially one with wheels:
Xe cộ
l Vehicle Builders and Repairers
association (VBRA) n. British
trade association: Hội những
người chế tạo và sửa chữa xe
l Vehicle Emission Control
Information n. a label in the
engine compartment, e. g.
pasted to the radiator fan cover,
providing information about the
engine and emission controls
(VECI): Nhãn chứng nhận đã
kiểm tra khí thải xe
vehicle identification number n.
chassis type and identification
number punched on a permanent
structure, such as the engine
compartment bulkhead (VIN): Số
khung
vehicle registration document n.
document which specifies the
registered keeper(s) of a vehicle:
Thẻ đăng bộ xe
l vehicle tax n. = road tax: Thuế
cầu đường
V-eight engine (V-8) n. an engine
with eight cylinders in the form
of V; the type of engine typically
used on US automobiles in the
1950s and ‘60s was a large
displacement V-8: Động cơ 8 xi-
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
ventilate
lanh chữ V
V-engine n. engine in which two
banks of cylinders are set at an
angle to each other (usually 60°
or 90° ) so that the axes form the
letter V with the crankshaft in the
middle: Động cơ chữ V
vent 1 n. (a) small opening for the
passage of air or gas: Lỗ thông
(b) US = small triangular window
for letting air into the passenger
compartment: Cửa sổ thông khí
(nhỏ, hình tam giác)
2 v. to expel through a vent; e.g
when bleeding air (through a vent
valve or bleed screw) out of a
diesel fuel system after running
out of fuel: Xả gió
ventilate v. to provide with (fresh)
air: Làm cho thông hơi, thông gió
l ventilated discs = two discs in a
disc brake system separated by
ribs and channels to allow cooling
air to disperse the heat between
the discs: Đĩa làm mát phanh
l ventilation n. provision of a free
or controlled circulation of air: Sự
thông gió
l vent(ilation) slot = gaps in the wheel
disc which allow the passage of air
to assist brake cooling: Rãnh thông
gió làm mát phanh
431
venturi
l ventiport n. = port hole
l vent port n. = compensating port
venturi (tube) n. a short tube with
a constricted passage that
increases the velocity and lowers
the pressure of a fluid conveyed
through it: Ống khuếch tán
l venturi vacuum = vacuum in
the venturi of a carburettor which
increases with the speed of the
airflow passing through it; an
exception are VV carburettors:
Chân không trong ống khuếch tán
vernier (caliper or gauge) n. a short
graduated scale that slides along a
longer graduated instrument and
is used to indicate fractional parts
of divisions, as in a micrometer:
Vecnê (thước chia thang phụ kèm
với thang chính), thước kẹp
veteran car n. a car constructed
before 1919, especially one
made before 1905. Only the
latter are permitted to take
part in the London-Brighton
Commemoration Run: Xe hơi chế
tạo trước năm 1919
V-four engine (V-4) n. an engine with
four cylinders in the form of a V:
Động cơ 4 xy lanh dạng chữ V
VGC = Very Good Condition: Tình
trạng rất tốt (xe)
432
visco-control unit
VI = Viscosity Index: Chỉ số độ nhớt
vibration damper n. = torsional
vibration damper: Bộ giảm dao
động xoắn
Vicat softening temperature n. the
temperature at which a flat-
ended needle of 1mm² circular
cross section will penetrate a
thermoplastic specimen to a
depth of 1mm under a specified
load, using a selected uniform
rate of temperature rise: Nhiệt độ
hóa mềm Vicat
l Vicat test method = determination
of the softening temperature of
plastics: Phương pháp xác định
nhiệt độ hoá mềm Vicat
vice or US vise n. clamping device
with adjustable jaws (usually
mounted on a workbench) used
to grip an object to be worked on:
Mỏ cặp, ê-tô.
vintage car n. a car constructed in
the period 1919 - 1930: Xe cổ
điển (1919 - 1930)
virgin resin n. new resin material which
has not been recycled before;
needed for high-quality parts. It is
opposite to regrind: Nhựa nguyên
chất (không phải tái sinh)
visco-control unit n. = viscous
coupling
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
viscosity
l visco-differential n.= viscous
coupling differential
viscoelastic materials n. the
most characteristic features of
viscoelastic materials are that they
exhibit a time-dependent strain
response to a constant stress
(creep) and a time-dependent
stress response to a constant strain
(relaxation). In addition, when the
applied stress is removed, the
materials have the ability to recover
slowly over a period of time: Vật
liệu dẻo, đàn hồi
viscosity n. resistance to flow: Tính
nhớt, độ nhớt
viscosity index n. It measures of how
the viscosity of a liquid (especially
oil) changes with temperature,
such as, the higher the VI, the
smaller the change of viscosity
with temperature: Chỉ số độ nhớt
l viscosity index improver = oil
additive which reduces thinning at
high temperature, thus improving
the VI: Chất phụ gia thêm vào để
cải thiện chỉ số độ nhớt
l viscous a. thick and sticky: Sền sệt
l viscous coupling = a type of multi-
disc clutch used in some 4wd
vehicles (VC); the discs rotate in
a special fluid whose viscosity
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
volatility
increases sharply whenever there
is a difference in input and output
shaft speeds; installed in the
drive train between front and
rear axles, the VC smoothly
engages rear-wheel traction
whenever the front wheels (and,
as a result, the propeller shaft to
the VC) rotate faster than rear
wheels: Khớp nối nhớt
l viscous coupling differential =
limited-slip differential using
viscous couplings as slip-inhibiting
devices: Bộ vi sai có khớp nối nhớt
l viscous transmission = four-
wheel drive with a viscous centre
differential (VT): Truyền động qua
khớp nhớt
voice alert (system) n. system in a
car which announces warning
messages to the driver, e.g.
‘Warning! Oil pressure too low’: Hệ
thống báo bằng giọng nói
l voice recognition n. the ability of a
computer to recognize a command
spoken by the user; enables a
driver to use a car phone without
using his hands: Sự nhận dạng
giọng nói
volatility n. (e. g. of fuels) the ability
readily to change into a vapour:
Tính dễ bay hơi
433
Volkswagen
Volkswagen n. a German car
manufacturer (VW) : Hãng sản
xuất xe của Đức
voltage n. electromotive force, or
difference in electrical potential,
expressed in volts: Hiệu điện thế
l voltage regulator = electric or
electronic device which regulates
the voltage output from a dynamo
or alternator which is affected by
engine speed, the power required
by the circuits and the state of the
battery: Bộ điều chỉnh điện thế
(bộ tiết chế)
l voltage reserve = high voltage
reserve
l voltage tester = screwdriver for
testing electrical current, with an
insulated blade and handle; a
bulb inside the handle lights up if
the blade touches a live terminal:
Tuốc nơ vít thử điện
l voltage transformer = assembly
for increasing the voltage
supplied to the air bag system
to 12 volts in case of a drop in
battery voltage: Máy biến thế
(sử dụng để cung cấp 12V cho
hệ thống điều khiển gối hơi trong
trường hợp hỏng ắc quy
l voltammeter n. dual-purpose
instrument for measuring either
voltage or amperage: Đồng hồ đo
434
V-pulley
điện áp và cường độ dòng điện
l voltmeter n. instrument for
measuring voltage: Vôn kế
volume n. cubic capacity: Thể tích
l volume car n. mass-produced
car: Xe sản xuất đại trà
l volume control screw n. adjusting
screw which controls the amount
of air/ fuel mixture supplied by
the idling circuit of a fixed-jet
carburettor: Vít chỉnh ga
volumetric efficiency n. (a) the ratio of
air or air/ fuel mixture drawn into the
cylinder of an internal combustion
of the piston: Hiệu suất nạp
(b) number of horsepower (hp) per
cubic inch displacement: Công
suất riêng
volute a. having the form of a spiral:
Xoắn ốc
l volute casing = a progressively
expanding pump casing
proportioned to reduce the liquid
velocity gradually so that some of
the velocity energy of the liquid is
converted into static pressure: Vỏ
bơm hình xoắn ốc
V-pulley n. pulley with a pair of
adjustable cup-shaped discs,
used on belt transmissions, to
permit adjustment of the effective
pulley diameter and transmission
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
VR engine
ratio: Puli chữ V
VR engine n. new engine design:
a combination of in-line and
V-engine, the V-angle being
reduced (VR) to about 15°; this
results in a block which is shorter
than a four-cylinder unit of similar
capacity. Unlike conventional V-8
engines, the VR engine is topped
by a single cylinder head: Động
cơ mới hình chữ VR
VRV = Vacuum Reducer Valve
V-six engine n. an engine with six
cylinders in the form of a V (V-6):
Động cơ 6 xi-lanh dạng chữ V
VT = Viscous Transmission: Truyền
động qua khớp nhớt
V-ten engine n. an engine with ten
cylinders in the form of a V (V-10):
Động cơ 10 xi-lanh dạng chữ V
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
VW
V-thread n. triangular screw thread:
Ren tam giác
V-twelve engine n. an engine with
twelve cylinders in the form of a V
(V-12): Động cơ 12 xi-lanh dạng
chữ V
vulcanization n. chemical reaction
which charges the physical
properties of elastomers: Sự lưu
hóa (cao su)
l vulcanize v. (of tyre production)
to treat rubber with sulphur or
sulphur compounds under heat
and pressure to improve elasticity
and strength: Lưu hóa
VV Carburettor n. = Variable Venturi
Carburettor: Bộ chế hòa khí có
họng khuếch tán thay đổi
VW = Volkswagen: Hãng sản xuất
ô tô của Đức
435
wad punch
Ww
wad punch n. tool with round cutting
edge for cutting out holes in
gaskets or other soft materials:
Dụng cụ dập dấu tròn, cái đột lỗ
roong
wagon n. = station wagon
wander n. tendency of a vehicle to
stray from its steered course; a
fault caused by incorrect tyre
pressure, worn steering linkage,
etc.: Chao, đảo (bánh xe)
Wankel engine n. a rotary engine
which uses no pistons; instead,
triangular rotors revolve in
specially shaped housings.
It is named after the German
engineer, Felix Wankel (1902 ~
1988): Động cơ Wankel (pít-tông
tam giác)
warding file n.= key file: Cái giũa khe
răng chìa khóa
warm up v. to run an engine until
it reaches normal operating
436
warning triangle
temperature: Làm ấm động cơ
khi động cơ còn nguội hoặc trời
lạnh (K-jetronic)
l warm-up control until = until that
produces the richer mixture
needed for cold running and
modulates fuel system pressure
according to engine temperature;
the until includes an electrically
heated thermostatic spring, which
reduces the force on a spring-
loaded control diaphragm: Trước
khi điều khiển hâm nóng động cơ
l warm-up enrichment = educed
enrichment of the air / fuel mixture
following cranking and after-start
enrichment: Sự làm giàu hòa khí
của giai đoạn hâm nóng động cơ
warning lamp or light n. small lamps
on the instrument panel that light
up if there is a problem: Đèn báo
hư hỏng, báo lỗi (code)
warning triangle n. triangular red
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
warp
safety reflector that must be
carried on all vehicles and be
placed at the side of the road to
warn of an obstruction ahead,
such as a broken-down vehicle:
Biển tam giác báo nguy hiểm
warp 1 n. bending or twisting out of
shape: Trạng thái cong, vênh
2 v. to bend or twist out of shape:
Làm cong, vênh
warranty n. formal written
declaration of good quality by
the manufacturer of an article,
including an agreement to repair
or replace it if it is found to be
defective within a certain period
of time: Phiếu bảo hành
washcoat n. oxide layer on the
catalyst substrate which
increases with the active surface
area: Lớp oxit trên chất xúc tác
washer n. flat disc or ring of metal,
rubber, leather, etc., fitted under
a nut to even out pressure and
prevent damage to the part on
which it bears, or to lock the nut
in place, or used for spacing or
as a seal: Long đền, vòng lót,
vòng đệm
washer fluid n. fluid added to the
water in the windscreen washer
and rear screen washer reservoirs
/ bottles to improve the cleaning
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
water-cooled
action and lower the freezing
point: Chất lỏng rửa kính xe
l wash/ wipe switch n. switch
on the instrument panel that
operates the rear screen wash/
wipe system. The windscreen
washer system, which includes
an intermittent wipe, is usually
located on the windscreen wiper
control stalk: Công tắc hệ thống
gạt/ rửa kính sau
waste gate n. a valve located on the
exhaust side of the engine, with
three connections: to the engine
exhaust manifold, turbine, and
silencer; most waste gates have
a control line to the inlet manifold:
Cửa xả trong hệ thống tăng áp
waste spark method n. in distributorless
ignition systems, dual-spark coils
fire two sparking plugs at the same
time; one of these sparks is in a
cylinder during its exhaust stroke,
where the spark has no effect
(waste spark); the other spark
occurs in the cylinder near the end
of the compression stroke: Tia lửa
ở kỳ thải trong đánh lửa trực tiếp
dùng bô-bin đôi
water-cooled a. (engine) cooled
by the passage of water. It is
opposite to air-cooled: Được làm
nguội bằng nước (động cơ)
437
water injection
l water cooling system n. the
normal cooling system used on
most cars and lorries to keep the
temperature of the engine down
to a desirable level; engine heat
is removed via water acting as
a coolant which surrounds the
cylinders in a water passages,
coolant pump, thermostat, hoses,
and radiator: Hệ thống làm mát
bằng nước
water injection (system) n. system
that prevents detonation in high-
compression engines by injecting
metered amounts of water into
the inlet manifold where it mixes
with the air/ fuel charge entering
the engine; there the water
spray turns to steam, cooling
combustion and cleaning out old
carbon deposits: Hệ thống phun
nước vào đường ống nạp để
chống kích nổ trong các động cơ
có tỷ số nén cao
water jacket n.the channels between
the inner and outer shells of
the cylinder block or head,
through which coolant circulates
to prevent overheating of the
engine: Áo nước (áo lót bao
quanh các xi-lanh và nắp động
cơ để dẫn nước làm mát)
l water pump n. in the cooling
system, the mechanism that
438
wax
circulates the coolant between
the water jacket and the radiator;
usually a centrifugal pump,
located preferably in the cold leg
of the circuit (to reduce the risk of
cavitation): Bơm nước
l water temperature gauge
n. gauge on the instrument
panel which indicates coolant
temperature: Đồng hồ báo nhiệt
độ nước làm mát
Watt linkage n. a means of reducing
or eliminating lateral movement
of a beam axle relative to the
vehicle body, consisting of an
upright member at the centre of
the axle whose top and bottom
are connected by rods to the
sides of the body Watt: Thanh
nối Watt để giảm lực trượt ngang
waveband n. series of wavelengths
forming a group: Băng tần (radio)
wax 1 n. a substance resembling
beeswax in appearance and
character, and in general
distinguished by its composition
of esters and higher alcohols, and
by its freedom from fatty acids;
used for underbody sealing,
cavity sealing, and paintwork
care: Chất sáp
2 v. to treat with wax: Làm bóng
bằng sáp
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
WD-40
l waxing n. the formation of wax
crystals in diesel fuel in freezing
conditions, thus clogging the fuel
filter and stopping the engine;
avoided by the use of a fuel
heater or fuel additives: Sự hình
thành tinh thể dạng sáp trong dầu
diesel ở điều kiện băng giá
l wax injection or lancing n. the
injection of corrosion-inhibiting
wax into car body cavities: Sự
phun sáp chống ăn mòn
l wax-type thermostat n. thermostat
in which the expansion of melting
paraffin wax (in a rigid cylinder)
deforms a moulded rubber
membrane and displaces a piston
/ pin from the cylinder; this has the
advantage of being insensitive to
sudden temperature fluctuations
or to the pressure in the system:
Bộ điều chỉnh nhiệt (van hằng
nhiệt) loại sáp
WD-40 n. proprietary water-re
pellent spray: Loại bình dầu thấm
weak a. (of A/ F mixture) = lean:
Nghèo (hỗn hợp hòa khí)
wear n. the progressive loss of
substance from the operating
surface of a body occurring as
a result of relative motion at the
surface; rubbing away: Độ mòn
l wear pattern = pattern of wear
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
web
visible at the point where two
parts touch: Vết mòn
l wear resistance = ability to
withstand conditions which cause
a progressive loss of substance:
Tính chống mòn
l wear ring = (pump) ring used to
prevent costly wear of the casing
and impeller at the running joint;
(fitted on both the casing and the
impeller): Vòng chịu mòn trong bơm
weathering n. physical disintegration
and chemical decomposition
of materials on exposure to
atmospheric agents: Sự thoái
hóa vật liệu do môi trường
l weather resistant a. able to
withstand natural climatic
conditions which cause surface
deterioration: Có sức chịu đựng
với thời tiết
l weather strip n. a rubber seal
fitted to the body, e.g. along
a door aperture or bootlid, to
prevent water, air and moisture
from getting into the interior of the
body: Viền cao su bọc quanh cửa
hay kính chắn gió để nước mưa
khỏi lọt vào xe
web n. (a) internal reinforcement
between panels: Điểm gia cố bên
trong giữa các tấm
439
weighbridge
(b) = crank web: Má trục khuỷu
l webbing n. woven nylon strap
used for seal belts: Vải làm đai an
toàn
l webbing grabber = device in an
inertia reel seat belt that grips the
belt webbing tightly in the event
of sudden braking or impact: Cơ
cấu rút dây đai an toàn
wedge combustion chamber n.
wedge-shaped chamber with
the valve in the longer sloping
surface and the sparking plug in
the shorter; the tapered part of
the wedge forms a squish zone:
Buồng cháy dạng hình nêm
l wedge end n. the flat peen of a
peen and finish hammer, shaped
like a wedge: Đầu mũi búa hình
nêm
l wedge expander n. part of a
mechanical drum brake system
which forces the shoes apart into
contact with the drum: Cơ cấu
đẩy bố phanh
weighbridge n. device for measuring
the weight of vehicles (especially
lorries), consisting of a metal
plate set into the road surface:
Cầu cân xe
weight n. (a) See dry weight, gross
vehicle weight, kerb weight.
440
welding
Trọng lượng
(b) = balance weight: Trọng lượng
cân bằng (miếng chì gắn vào
niềng)
(c) = advance weight: Quả văng
(sớm ly tâm)
l weight per unit area n. indicates
the thickness of metallic paint
coatings in grams per square
metre of surface area: Trọng
lượng sơn trên một đơn vị diện
tích
l weight transfer n. the transfer
of load from one end or side of
the vehicle to the other when
accelerating, braking or cornering:
Chuyển dịch trọng tâm (khi tăng
tốc, phanh hoặc quay vòng)
Weissach axle n. special double
wishbone rear suspension
developed by Porsche for the
928s to minimize the problems
of over-steering: Trục xe loại
Weissach
welch plug n. disc-shaped metal
plug used to seal holes: Nút chêm
dạng đĩa bằng kim loại
welding n. joining pieces of metal or
plastic together by heating them
to suitable temperatures, with or
without the application of filler
material: Sự hàn, kỹ thuật hàn
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
weld-through primer
l welding clamp = locking clamp with
U-shaped jaws (which allow more
visibility and working space), used
to hold panels, bars, tubes, etc. for
welding: Cái bàn kẹp để hàn
l welding jig = a special type of frame
gauge used to establish the correct
position of structural parts on the
body prior to welding them in: Đồ
gá lắp để hàn khung xe
l welding rod = (gas/arc welding)
welding electrode supplied in
individual lengths: Que hàn
l welding wire = MIG welding,
welding electrode fed into the
handset from a reel: Que hàn
(MIG)
weld-through primer n. special
paint used along spot welds
or seams; it does not burn off
during welding and thus offers
good protection on the back
of welded panels that would
normally be inaccessible once
welding is completed: Chất
dùng để sơn lót suốt mối hàn
well-base rim n. wheel rim with a
central channel or recess into
which one side of the tyre bead
can drop; the other side can
then be forced over the rim for
fitting or removal: Vành bánh xe
nguyên khối
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
wet clutch
l well-base wheel = one-piece
wheel: Bánh xe nguyên khối
W-engine n. a rare engine design,
basically similar to a V-engine,
but using three instead of two
cylinder rows: Động cơ dạng
chữ W
wet clutch n. friction clutch that uses an
oil bath to dissipate heat: Bộ ly hợp
ướt (chạy trong dầu để dẫn nhiệt)
l wet galvanizing n. galvanizing
method in which the flux is
deposited in molten from on the
zinc bath, and the metal to be
galvanized is introduced into the
bath by passing it through this
layer of flux. It is opposite to dry
galvanizing: Sự mạ kẽm ướt
l wet grip n. road holding ability
of a tyre on a wet surface: Khả
năng bám của bánh xe trên mặt
đường ướt
l wet liner n. cylinder liner that is
in direct contact with the coolant.
It is opposite to dry liner: Ống lót
(sơ mi) xi-lanh ướt
l wet motor n. pump whose motor
compartment is filled with liquid;
submersible pumps are generally
classified as wet motor types:
Bơm có chất lỏng đi qua phần
động cơ (bơm ướt)
441
wheel
l wet sleeve n. = wet liner: Ống lót
xi-lanh ướt
l wet sump lubrication n. the usual
engine lubrication system in
which the oil is carried in a sump
below the crankshaft; the system
relies on gravity draining the
circulated oil and needs no return
pump: Hệ thống bôi trơn có ngăn
chứa dầu ở phía dưới
wheel n.(a) a rotating, load-carrying
member between the tyre and
axle consisting of a rim and a
wheel disc or spider; a wheel
must be designed to support the
tyre while withstanding loads
from accelera- tion, braking and
cornering; as part of the unsprung
mass of a car, it must be light:
Bánh xe
(b) = steering wheel: Bánh lái, vô
lăng
l wheel adapter n. spacer ring
that adapts hubs to wheels with
a different number of lugs, e. g.
4-lug hubs to 5-lug wheels: Vòng
chuyển tiếp để nối bánh xe khác
số lỗ
l wheel alignment gauge n.
gauge used to measure the
distance between the rims of
the front wheels: Dụng cụ cân
chỉnh bánh xe
442
wheel changing
l wheel balance or wheel balancing
machine n. a machine capable of
locating static and dynamic wheel
imbalance and determining the
mass of the balancing weights
required: Cân bằng bánh xe hoặc
máy cân bằng bánh xe
l wheelbase n. distance between
the centerlines of the front and
rear wheels; for lorries with
tandem rear axles, the rear
centreline is considered to be
midway between the two rear
axles: Khoảng cách giữa hai cầu
xe (trước và sau)
l wheel bearings n. the bearings
in wheel hubs: ball bearings
for drive shafts and taper roller
bearings for driven hubs: Ổ lăn
(bạc đạn) bánh xe
l wheel bolt n. bolts which are
screwed into threaded holes
in the wheel hub or at the axle
flange; common on passenger
car wheels and one-piece
commercial vehicle wheels: Bu-
lông bánh xe
l wheel brace n. a cranked socket
spanner for wheel nuts: Cái tuýp
vặn ốc bánh xe
l wheel changing n. changing a
defective wheel: Thay bánh xe
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
wheel chock
wheel chock n. wedge-shaped block
put under a wheel to prevent a
vehicle from rolling: Vật chêm
bánh xe để ngăn xe khỏi lăn
l wheel clamp n. device attached
to the wheel of a parked car to
prevent it being driven away;
used as an anti-theft device if
attached privately, and a means
of ensuring payment of a fine (to
the authority to have the device
removed) if parked illegally. In
US English, it is denver boot: Cái
khoá bánh xe để chống trộm
l wheel cover n. metal or plastic
disc fitted to the centre of a road
wheel: Nắp chụp bánh xe
l wheel cylinder n. (drum brake)
hydraulic brake actuating device;
major parts are cylinder body,
spring, cup expander, cup or
piston seal, piston, dust boot,
bleeder valve: Xi-lanh con
(phanh)
l wheel disc n. part of the wheel
that connects the rim to the hub;
its design is governed by specific
rim type, axle connection, brake
contour, brake cooling, hub cap
fixing, load capacity and attractive
styling: Đĩa bánh xe
l wheel dolly n. = dolly
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
wheel machine
l wheel flutter n. = wheel wobble
l wheel hub n. = hub: (Đùm) Ổ
trục bánh xe
l wheelie n. (informal) manoeuvre
in which the front wheel (s) is/are
lifted off the ground on sudden
acceleration; originally practised
on motorbikes: Động tác đi một
bánh khi tăng tốc đột ngột (xe
gắn máy).
l wheel imbalance: Sự mất cân
bằng của bánh xe
wheel judder n. = SHIMMY
l wheel load n. that part of the
vehicle weight resting on a single
wheel: Tải trọng trên mỗi bánh xe
l wheel lock n. (a) condition in
which the wheels stop turning
as a result of excessive braking
leads to a skid: Tình trạng bánh
xe bị bó cứng khi phanh gấp
(b) any anti-theft device for expensive
(alloy) wheels: Khoá chống lấy
cắp bánh xe
wheel machine n. a special shop
tool used to shape steel and
aluminium panels: Dụng cụ làm
đồng
l wheel marking n. all disc wheels
are marked (generally on the front
side of the disc in the stud hole
443
wheel nut
area) with the manufacturer’s
trademark, the wheel number, rim
size, and date of production: Sự
ghi nhãn bánh xe
l wheel mounting n. the fitting of a
wheel onto a hub: Sự lắp bánh xe
wheel nut n. one of several nuts
which hold the wheel and tyre
assembly on the car and are
screwed on the studs. In US
English, it is lug nut: Đai ốc bánh xe
l wheel nut spider = cross-shaped
spanner with four socket heads:
Cây tháo lắp bánh xe hình chữ
thập
wheel panel n. the panel area
around the wheel cutout in the
wing; this term often also refers
to a repair section for this area,
as this is a favourite rust spot on
many cars: Vè bánh xe
l wheel patter n. vertical oscillation
of a wheel making it hop up and
down rapidly, either because of
imbalance or because the tyre is
faulty or badly fitted: Dao động
dọc của bánh xe do mất cân
bằng, lắp sai hoặc hư
l wheel rim n. the outer part of
the wheel on the tyre is mounted:
Niềng bánh xe
l wheel rotation n. swapping
wheels around to compensate
444
wheel tree
for unequal tyre wear and
increase tread life; moving them
from front of to rear is generally
recommended and is the only
safe method on vehicles fitted
with directional tread tyres: Sự
chuyển đổi bánh xe (lấy bánh
trước gắn ra sau) để chống mòn
và tăng tuổi thọ.
l wheelslip n. = wheelspin
l wheel speed sensor n. electronic
device for picking up the rotational
speed of a wheel in order to
inform the processing unit of an
ASR or ABS system: Cảm biến
tốc độ bánh xe
l wheelspin n. effect of too much
throttle making the driven wheels
turn too fast to grip the road
surface; easily done on a wet or
icy surface and leaves a telltale
trace of rubber on a dry one: Sự
trượt bánh xe (quay tròn)
l wheel stud n. one of several
threaded bolts projecting from the
wheel disc to which the wheel is
secured by a wheel nut: Bu-lông
bánh xe
l wheel tramp n. = radial run-out
l wheel tree n. a special stand for
wheels, e.g. for a complete set of
summer or winter tyres, designed
to prevent condensation and
tyre deformation over extended
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
whip aerial
storage periods: Giá đỡ bánh xe
trong thời gian bảo quản
l wheel trim n. = wheel cover: nắp
bánh xe
l wheel trim emblem = plastic
emblem with logo; self-adhesive
backing adheres to hub cap or
wheel cover centre cap: Biểu
tượng trên nắp bánh xe
l wheel weight tool n. special
automotive tool for use when
balancing wheels; installs, trims
and remes all types of clip-on
wheel weights with a hammer
head and pliers for installation and
removal and a cutter for trimming:
Dụng cụ cân bằng bánh xe
l wheel wobble n. oscillation of the
front wheels caused by unbalanced
wheels, defective steering gear,
etc: Sự đảo bánh trước
whip aerial n. long, thin, flexible
aerial: Ăng-ten xếp
whipping or whirling n. (of a drive
shaft) tendency of a long rotating
shaft to bend at high speed, like
a bow or whip: Khuynh hướng
võng xuống của trục dài khi quay
tốc độ cao
white metal n. any of various (tin-
based) alloys, such as Babbitt
metal, still occasionally used for
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
Wilson gearbox
bearings: Hợp kim chống ma sát:
một hợp kim của thiếc, chì và
antimon có nhiệt độ nóng chảy
và hệ số ma sát thấp dùng làm
bạc lót
l white lithium grease n. type of
grease that will not freeze, melt or
wash off; used for speedometer
and brake cables, door and
bonnet hinges, door stop latches,
boot springs, seat slide tracks,
distributor cams, windscreen
wiper mechanism, etc: Mỡ bôi
trơn màu trắng có chất Lithium
không đông, không chảy
l white rust n. loose, porous
oxidation products formed on zinc
when a lack of carbon dioxide
occurs and water condenses on
the surface of the work: Gỉ kẽm
có màu trắng
wide-nose peen hammer n. a
peen and finish hammer with
an extra-wide wedge end well
suited to shaping of sharp
corners and beads in panels:
Đầu búa có mũi lớn
Wilson gearbox n. an early pre-
selector epicyclic gearbox still
used in buses. It was named after
British inventor Walter Gordon
Wilson, 1874-1957: Hộp số
Wilson
445
wind deflector
wind deflector n. = air shield: Tấm
chắn gió
l window weatherstrip n. rubber or
moquette sealing strip fitted in the
gap on either side of a sliding door
window to seal the door gutter
and prevent water getting in to
the inventor of the door frame:
Viền cao su bọc quanh kính xe
windscreen n. = windshield n.
forward-facing front window of a
motor vehicle: Kính chắn gió xe
hơi (kính trước)
l windscreen pillars n. the front posts
of the body shell which together
with the scuttle and header panel
form the windscreen aperture:
Trụ đỡ khung kính trước
l windscreen shade band n. =
sun shield: Dải màu tối trên kính
trước để bớt chói
l windscreen surround n. moulded
rubber insulating strip round the
windscreen: Đường viền cao su
bao quanh kính trước
windscreen washer n. a person who
washes windscreens: Người rửa
kính
windscreen wash / wipe system n.
system operated by the same
lever on the control stalk that
operates the wipers, which directs
446
wing
a jet of water onto the windscreen
and activates the wipers for a
short period: Hệ thống xịt và gạt
nước kính
l windscreen wiper n. electrically
operated arm with a (renewable)
rubber or plastic blade that wipes
a windscreen clear of rain, snow,
etc.; activated by a switch or lever
on the instrument panel or control
stalk: Cần (cái) gạt nước
win tunnel n. tunnel-like chamber
in which a current of air can be
maintained at a constant velocity
and in which motor vehicles
(and aircraft, etc.) are tested to
determine their aerodynamic
properties and the effects of wind
pressure: Ống thử khí động
wind-up window n. window that is
manually operated with a winder:
Kính quay tay
wing n. the car body panel that
covers a road wheel and provides
protection against splashes of
mud, etc. In US English, which
is fender: Tấm khung chắn bùn
phía trên bánh xe
l wing mirror = rear-view mirror
mounted on the wing; once
common but now replaced by
door mirrors: Kính chiếu hậu đặt
trên ca-pô
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
wing nut wiring pigtail

wing nut n. nut with two flat used as a shock-absorbing

projections like wings so that it
can be easily turned by hand:
Đai ốc có tai hay cánh vặn
l wing shield n. small curved
panel in front side window which
deflects wind and reduces draught
with the window open: typically
made of transparent acrylic, clear
or smoked: Tấm mica trong che
cửa hông khi xuống kính
support for: Lưới dây kim loại để
chống rung cho bộ xúc tác
wire spoke n. part which connects
the hub of a wire spoke wheel to
the rim: Nan hoa vành xe
wire stripper n. plier used for
removing insulating material from
the ends of the ends of electrical
wire: Kìm tuốt dây điện

winker n. = direction indicator l wire stripper / crimper tool =

multi-purpose electricians’ pliers
winter tyre n. a tyre with a deep tread
for cutting and stripping wire
suitable for winter conditions:
Loại vỏ xe dùng cho mùa đông and crimping insulated or non-
insulated solderless terminals
wiper n. short for windscreen wiper,
when servicing the electrical
rear wiper, headlamp wiper: Cần
system: Kìm cắt và tuốt dây
gạt nước
l wiring harness or wiring loom
wire brush n. brush with wire
n. vehicle wiring bound in a
bristles for removing loose paint,
protective sheath, which aids
dirt, carbon, or rust from metal
surfaces: Bàn chải sắt installation as an integrated unit:
Bộ dây dẫn điện
l wire glow plug n. double-pole
glow plug with an unsheathed wiring pigtail n. short length of
wire loop; now superseded by wire, usually with connector,
sheathed-type glow plugs: Bu-gi permanently attached to an
xông hai cực electric component, such as an
oxygen sensor: Đoạn dây ngắn
l wire loom n. = sparking plug
cable loom nhô ra từ thiết bị điện (đầu nối)

l wire mesh n. in catalytic l wiring trough n. longitudinal

converters with a ceramic moulding that guides and
monolith, a stainless-steel fabric conceals wiring: Cái kẹp búi dây

Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô 447

wishbone
wishbone n. transverse link shaped
like an A or wishbone. In US
English, it is A-arm: Đòn chữ A
withdrawal fork n. = clutch fork
wobble n. side-to-side vibration;
lateral runout: Sự dao động
ngang
l wobble extension (bar) n.
special extension with a unique
male end that enables the user
to drive the socket up to 150 from
vertical: Đầu nối vào cần siết để
quay nghiêng
l wobble plate n. = swash plate
wood alcohol n. = methanol: Rượu
metanol, cồn thực vật
woodruff key n. semicircular key
that slots into a curved keyway
in a shaft to prevent rotational
movement between the shaft and
a hub or pulley: Then bán nguyệt,
chốt cờ la vét
working cycle n. recurring sequence
of events in the combustion
process, e.g. a four-stroke cycle:
Chu trình làm việc
l working cylinder n. inner
cylinder of a double-tube shock
absorber: Xi-lanh vận hành trong
bộ giảm xóc hai ống
worm n. short, rotating shaft on
which a helical groove has been
448
worm gear
cut, as in a gear arrangement in
which such a shaft meshes with a
toothed wheel: trục vít
l worm-and-lever steering = cam-
and-lever steering: Hệ thống lái
kiểu trục vít - đòn bẩy
l worm-and-nut steering =
steering system in which rotation
of the worm causes a nut, which
encloses it, to move up or down,
thus turning the rocker shaft: Hệ
thống lái kiểu trục vít - đai ốc
l worm-and-peg steering = cam-
and-lever steering: Hệ thống lái
kiểu trục vít – đòn bẩy
l worm-and-roller-steering = cam-
and-roller steering: Hệ thống lái
kiểu trục vít - con lăn
l worm-and-sector steering = type
of steering system in which rotation
of the worm moves a V-shaped
section of a toothed wheel at the
top of the rocker shaft: Hệ thống
lái kiểu trục vít - đoạn vòng răng
cong
l worm gear = device consisting of
a short, threaded shaft (worm) that
mates with a gearwheel (worm
wheel) so that rotary motion
can be transferred between two
shafts at right angles to each
other: Bánh vít
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
wot
l worm wheel = gearwheel driven
by a worm: Bánh răng nghiêng ăn
khớp trục vít
wot = wide open throttle: Bướm ga
mở lớn
wrapround a. curving round in one
continuous piece: Đường viền
l wrapround windscreen =
panoramic windscreen
wrench n. a spanner, especially one
with adjustable jaws: Chìa khóa
(siết mở bu-lông, đai ốc)
wrinkling n. (paint fault) the top coat
tends to wrinkle to a smaller or
greater degree if the outer paint
coat dries too rapidly, preventing
the underlying coats from drying
properly; this also occurs if the
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
write off
paint film is too heavy: Nếp nhăn
của lớp sơn
wrist pin n. In US English, which is
gudgeon pin: Chốt (ắc) piston
write off v. (a) to damage a car beyond
repair or, for insurance purposes,
so as to be not worth repairing:
Phá hỏng xe đến mức không thể
sửa để được đền bảo hiểm
(b) insurance assessor = to consider
(a car) to be a total loss: Xác định
xe bị hư hoàn toàn (bảo hiểm)
l write-off n. a car damaged
beyond repair or so badly
damaged as to be not worth
repairing for insurance purposes:
Sự phá hỏng xe đến mức không
sửa được để được bảo hiểm đền
449
xenon
Xx Yy Zz
xenon n. colourless, odourless gas
used in electric luminescent
tubes to provide a bright light: a
xenon stroboscope for ignition
timing is strong enough to use in
daylight.: Khí xenon (dùng trong
bóng đèn súng cân lửa)
X-flow cylinder head n. = cross-flow
cylinder head
X-type frame n. a frame design
shaped like an elongated letter X
that narrows to a strong junction
at the centre section; it usually
has three or more crossmembers
to provide torsional stability but
there are no crossmembers in
the centre section of the vehicle:
Khung xe dạng chữ X
yaw v. to move or rotate about a
vertical axis: Xoay quanh trục
đứng
l yaw acceleration = a steady
increase in the yaw angle: Gia
450
Y-pipe
tốc xoay xe
l yaw angle = angle of deviation
between a vehicle’s longitudinal
axis and its true direction of
motion, i.e. the difference
between the direction a vehicle
is pointing when cornering
and the direction in which it is
actually moving: Góc đảo lái
Y-belt n. Y-shaped belt design used
to restrain babies in a baby seat:
Dây đai dạng chữ Y (dây đai an
toàn cho em bé)
Y configuration n. Y-shaped
connection of the three stator
windings of an alternator: Các
cuộn dây pha nối hình sao trong
máy phát
Y-pipe n. (exhaust system)
Y-shaped down pipe connecting
a two-branch exhaust manifold
to a single exhaust pipe: Đầu ống
pô dạng chữ Y
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
Z-axle
Z-axle n. a rear axle introduced with
the BMW ZI in 1988, consisting of
a trailing arm, one upper lateral
link, one lower diagonal link, and
a coil spring at each side; also
included is an anti-roll bar: Cầu
trục sau dạng chữ Z
zebrano or zebrawood n. striped
hardwood used for interior trim
as a cheaper alternative to burr
walnut.: Gỗ ốp trong xe
Zener diode n. voltage regulator
diode in electronic ignition and
alternator output circuits.: Đi-ốt
Zener (đi-ốt điều chỉnh điện áp
trong mạch đánh lửa điện tử và
mạch ngõ ra máy phát)
zero-emission vehicle n. vehicle
which itself produces no
emissions, such as electric
powered vehicles (ZEV) : Xe
không ô nhiễm (xe điện, xe hydro)
ZEV = Zero-Emission Vehicle
zinc n. metallic element used in
galvanizing metals, die-casting,
as a constituent in various alloys,
as abattery electrode, etc.: Kẽm
l zinc alloy = alloy whose main
component is zinc: hợp kim kẽm
l zinc bath = galvanizing bath
l zinc-electroplating = electrogal-
vanizing: mạ kẽm bằng điện phân
Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô
zinc-rich paint
l zinc immersion treatment =
pretreatment before electro-
plating; a thin zinc deposit forms
by immersion of aluminium in
a zinc solution which prevents
further oxidation of the aluminium
and provides a key for the
galvanic coating: Xử lý trước khi
mạ (ngâm vào dung dịch kẽm)
l zinc-iron alloy layer = alloy layer
formed on iron and steel during
hot-dip galvanizing as a result
of the diffusion of atoms from the
molten zinc into the work and vice
versa: Lớp hợp kim sắt - kẽm
(hình thành khi mạ nóng)
l zinc phosphate coating = zinc-
rich conversion coating produced
by phosphating: Lớp phốt phát
phủ ngoài kẽm
l zinc plating = application of a
zinc coating by galvanizing or
electrogalvanizing: Mạ kẽm
l zinc-rich paint / primer = paint
containing an extremely high
proportion of metallic zinc dust in
the dry film (about 95% by weight),
applied to iron and steel as an anti-
corrosive primer; the application
of zinc-based primer may be
regarded as a less durable form
of cold galvanizing: Sơn giàu kẽm/
chất dùng để sơn lót
451
zincrometal zirconium

zincrometal n. trademark of a worked on (ZVD): Quá trình kết tụ

special type of coil-coated steel của hơi kẽm
sheet with plastic and zinc
zirconia (ZrO2) n. zirconium oxide,
dust coating, which is proving
used in enamels and ceramic
increasingly useful in automobile
coatings: Oxit của kim loại
manufacture: Thép tấm phủ nhựa
zirconium (hợp chất xúc tác)
và kẽm
zirconium n. metallic element: Tên
zinc spraying n. process for applying
kim loại zirconi
zinc coatings to iron and steel:
Sự phủ kẽm (NOTE: symbol: Zr; atomic
number: 40).
zinc vapour deposition n. process
in which zinc vapour is deposited ZVD = Zinc Vapour Deposition: Mạ
in a vacuum on the pieces being bằng hơi kẽm

452 Từ điển Anh - Việt chuyên ngành ô tô

 Phần II:
TỪ ĐIỂN VIỆT - ANH

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 453

454 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô
 4 bánh chủ động Layout in which the amount of power delivered to
the front and rear wheels respectively cannot be
varied.
-Four-wheel drive
ắc pít-tông Pin in a piston which links the piston to the small
end of the connecting rod. In US English, it is
piston pin, wrist pin.
-Gudgeon pin
ắc quy On most cars, a lead-acid storage-battery, usually
of 12 volts.
-Battery
ắc quy axít chì System of lead plates and dilute sulphuric acid;
used as a starter battery and as a traction battery
in electric vehicles.
-Lead-acid battery
ắc quy bị phóng Flat battery.
điện -Discharged battery
ắc quy đơn Solenoid valvassembly of all positive and
negative plates of a single battery cell including
its separators, arranged so as to start and finish
with a negative plate (so that there are always
negative then positive plates) because the
positive plates tend to distort under dischargee
-Element
ắc quy hết điện Flat battery.
-Dead battery
ắc quy hoặc pin A rechargeable single cell or connected group of
nạp lại được two or more storage cells such as the type used
in vehicles. It is opposite to primary battery.
-Storage battery
ắc quy ít cần bảo Battery with removable vent caps that only
dưỡng requires topping-up about once a year.
-Low-maintenance battery

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 455

 ắc quy không bảo Battery with a permanently sealed top, thus
dưỡng requiring no topping-up.
-Maintenance-free battery
ắc quy kiềm Secondary battery using an alkaline electrolyte
(dilute potassium hydroxide) and used for driving
electric cars.
-Alkaline battery
ắc quy năng lượng Innovative battery type developed for electric cars.
cao -High energy battery
ắc quy Na-S New type of battery, with higher energy density
than conventional batteries such as the lead-acid
battery; developed for use in electric powered
vehicles.
-Sodium-sulphur battery
ắc quy nối tiếp Additional battery connected in series to give
added power for starting.
-Booster
ắc quy yếu Nearly flat battery.
-Low battery
âm Return part of an electrical system, which is
provided by the metal body and chassis in a
motor vehicle.
-Earth
ampe kế Instrument for measuring (in amperes) the
electrical current flow in a circuit.
-Ammeter
ăn khớp To fit together.
-Interlock
ăn khớp với nhau Fitting together; matching.
-Mating
ăn mòn To suffer corrosion, especially rust.
-Corrode

456 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 ăn mòn trong hợp Corrosion of alloys whereby the components react
kim in proportions differing from their proportions in
the alloys.
-Selective corrosion
an toàn chủ động Active measures taken to prevent accidents,
such as more powerful brakes and safer handling
characteristics.
-Active safety
ăng-ten xếp Long, thin, flexible aerial.
-Whip aerial
ánh sáng chói Strong, bright light (e.g. from oncoming traffic).
-Glare
ăng-ten Long metal tube for receiving radio signals.
-Antenna
áo nước Water jacket.
-Cooling jacket
áo nước làm mát The channels between the inner and outer shells
of the cylinder block or head, through which
coolant circulates to prevent overheating of the
engine.
-Water jacket
áp dụng To apply (a coating of metal, etc.).
-Deposit
áp lực đĩa phanh The plate carrying pad in a disc brake. It is also
called backplate.
-Pressure plate.
áp lực không khí Pressure exerted by air, e.g. on the diaphragm of
a brake servo.
-Air pressure
áp suất cao Operating under a lot of pressure, e.g. braking
systems or diesel fuel injection.
-High-pressure

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 457

 áp suất cháy Pressure created during the combustion of the air/
fuel mixture in the cylinder, measure in pounds
per square inch.
-Cylinder pressure
áp suất chỉ thị trung Mathematical value that indicates the relation
bình between the effective area of the work diagram of
the two-stroke engine and the movement of the
piston.
-Mean indicated pressure
áp suất chỉ thị trung Average pressure within an engine cylinder during
bình hiệu dụng a working cycle, calculated from an indicator
diagram (IMEP).
-Indicated mean effective pressure
áp suất dầu bôi Pressure of a lubricating oil.
trơn -Lubricating pressure
áp suất điều biến Pressure controlled by the actuator valve and
thus directly related to inlet manifold vacuum.
-Modulator pressure
áp suất điều khiển Pressure in fuel injection systems; pressure
in an automatic transmission which acts on
the commands valves and is derived from line
pressure or from throttle pressure.
-Control pressure
áp suất định mức Rated pressure.
- Pressure nominal
áp suất đường ống Line pressure is fed to the shifting components
when they are to be applied; it increases in
proportion to engine speed and is the highest
pressure in the hydraulic control system.
-Line pressure
áp suất hiệu dụng Average pressure on a piston in a cylinder during
trung bình a power stroke.
-Mean effective pressure (MEP)

458 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 áp suất khí quyển Pressure exerted by the atmosphere at the
earth’s surface.
-Atmospheric pressure
áp suất làm việc Pressure that varies in accordance with vehicle
speed and acts on the command valves, where it
opposes the control pressure.
-Governor pressure
áp suất lốp xe Manufacture’s recommended pressure for a tyre,
dependent on load, speed, etc. usually given in
bar, or pound-force per square inch (psi).
-Tyre pressure
áp suất ngõ ra Pressure exerted in a liquid pumped, expressed
in psi.
-Discharge pressure
áp suất ngược của Any pressure holding back the flow of the gases
khí thải in an exhaust system.
-Back pressure
áp suất nguyên tử Pressure needed to atomize a liquid such as
hóa a paint.
-Atomizing pressure
áp suất nhiên liệu Pressure under which fuel is delivered to the
injectors by the fuel pump, governed by the
pressure regulator.
-Fuel pressure
áp suất tán nhuyễn Pressure needed to atomize a liquid such as
sơn a paint.
-Atomizing pressure
áp suất tan vào Measure of the tendency of hydrogen, metals, and
dung dịch certain non-metals to pass into solution as ions.
-Solution pressure
áp suất tăng Tyre pressure.
-Inflation pressure

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 459

 áp suất tăng áp Pressure in the intake system of the superchargered
engines when the superchargered operates.
-Boost pressure

áp suất tạo ra do sự Pressure generated by the deflection of the fluid

lệch hướng dòng flow due to the curvature of the stator blades,
chảy resulting in a momentum acting on the turbine.
-Ram pressure

áp suất thải Pressure exerted in a liquid pumped, expressed

in psi.
-Discharge pressure

áp suất tuyệt đối Manifold Absolute Pressure.

trên đường ống nạp - MAP

axít crômic Electrolyte used in anodising processed for

producing non-transparent, non-metallic oxide
layers.
-Chromic acid

axít oxalic Acid used as an electrolyte for anodising.

-Oxalic acid

ba cửa Typical design of sub-compact hatchbacks with

two side doors and one tailgate.
-Three-door

bấc bôi trơn cam Device, often in the from of a wick, for lubricating
the contact breaker cam in the distributor.
-Cam lubricat

bậc bước lên xe Commercial vehicles step plate below the doors
to facilitate entry into the relatively high cabin.
-Side step

bậc cửa Top part of the outer sill, visible when the door is
opened.
-Door step

460 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bạc đạn Any bearing supporting its load on rolling
surfaces, such as balls, rollers or needles, to
minimize friction.
-Antifriction bearing
bạc đạn bi Most common type of antifriction bearing,
comprising two rings or races between which
hardened steel balls run in tracks, and able to
absorb both axial and radial loads.
-Ball bearing
bạc đạn dẫn hướng Small bearing in the centre of the flywheel end of
giữa bánh đà the crankshaft, which carries the forward end of
the clutch shaft. In US English, it is pilot bearing.
-Spigot bearing
bạc đạn đẩy ly hợp Bearing (usually a roller bearing) that can be
moved by the release lever through clutch pedal
action to disengage the drive from the engine to
the transmission.
-Clutch release (thrust) bearing
bạc đạn đũa Most common type of antifriction bearing,
comprising two rings or races between which
hardened steel roller run in tracks, and able to
absorb both axial and radial loads.
-Roller bearing
bạc đạn tách ly hợp Clutch release bearing.
-Release bearing
bậc lên xe Small step for climbing into a vehicle (e.g. on an
ATV or RV).
-Step plate
bậc lên xuống xe Foot rest below the doors of a car; common
on early motor vehicles, now only seen on VW
Beetles, pick-ups and some limousines.
-Running board

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 461

 bạc lót Device which supports or positions a usually
rotating or reciprocating part such as a shaft, esp.
in such a way that little or no friction results.
-Bearing
bạc lót hai nửa cốt Type of bearing used for main bearings and big-
máy end bearings, consisting of a circular housing
which can be divided into two halves, and which
encloses a pair of bearing shells.
-Shell bearing
bạc lót cổ trục Bearings bolted to the underside of the cylinder
chính block, that located support the camshaft.
-Main bearing
bạc lót dạng ống Any bearing of tubular or sleeve-like contruction.
-Sleeve bearing
bạc lót đầu nhỏ The smaller bearing of the two on a connecting
thanh truyền rod and through which the piston is attached;
usually fitted with a plain bearing or a needle-
roller assembly.
-Small end bearing
bạc lót đầu to thanh Bearing of the connecting rod on the crankpin,
truyền now nearly always in the form of replaceble shell
bearings, but formerly of white metal deposited
on fixed shells.
-Big-end bearing
bạc lót hai nửa Bearing shell.
-Bearing halves
bạc lót trục cam Bearing (usually a plain bearing) which supports
the camshaft.
-Camshaft bearing
bạc pít-tông có Piston ring with a molybdenum coating.
lớp molypden phủ -Molybdenum piston ring or (informal) moly ring
ngoài

462 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bạc thau Cylindrical sleeve friction bearing; most commonly
used type of bearing.
-Plain bearing
bạch kim Light-grey, heavy, ductile, noble metal; atomic
number 78, atomic weight 195.09; melting point at
1.7690C; main member of the so-called platinum
metals; together with other platinum metals, is used
as a catalyst in automotive exhaust converters.
-Platinum
bãi đậu xe Area or building where cars may be parked.
-Car park
bãi phế liệu Premises of a dealer in scrap metal.
-Scrapyard
bãi xe phế liệu Place where cars are sent for scrap.
-Junkyard
bám dính To remain attached or stick (to something).
-Adhesion
bàn cắt kim loại Bench tool for cutting sheet metal.
-Metal cutter
bán cầu vi sai Drum-shaped central part of an axle casing
containing the differential.
-Bans for the differential
bàn chải làm sạch Hard, compact brush for removing carbon from
bu-gi sparking plug electrodes.
-Sparking plug brush
bàn chải sắt Brush with wire bristles for removing loose paint,
dirt, carbon, or rust from metal surfaces.
-Wire brush
bàn chải sắt để Circular wire brush on an arbor for use with an
đánh bóng electric drill.
-Cup-shaped wire brush

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 463

 bàn chải sắt dùng Brush with angled wire bristles for cleaning file
làm sạch giũa threads.
-File card brush
bản cực ắc quy In batteries, it is in each battery cell are two
lead-alloy plates: one of lead peroxide (positive
plate), the other of spongy lead (negative plate);
separators are placed between the plates of
different polarity.
-Plate
bản cực âm ắc quy During battery discharge, the grey plate which
acts as anode. It is opposite to positive plate.
-Negative plate
bàn đạp Accelerator.
-Accelerator pedal
bàn đạp ga Accelerator.
-Gas pedal
bàn đạp ly hợp Pedal which operates the clutch usually either
mechanically via a cable, or hydraulically.
-Clutch pedal
bàn đạp phanh Pedal on the floor of a vehicle in front of the driver
which operates the brake.
-Brake pedal
bản đồ đánh lửa Ignition map.
-Spark map
bản đồ động cơ Characteristic map.
-Engine map
bản đồ góc đánh Ignition map.
lửa -Spark-angle map
bản đồ góc ngậm Characteristic map for electronic dwell-angle
control, ependent on engine speed and battery
voltage.
-Dwell-angle map

464 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bàn kẹp Workbench or fixture equipped to hold single
panels such as doors or bonnets for straightening
and metalworking jobs.
-Straightening bench
bàn kẹp êtô Locking clamp with sliding jaw providing extended
clamping capabilities.
-Locking bar clamp
bán kính khuỷu Distance between the crankpin and the axis of
rotation or centreline of the crankshaft, which is
equal to half the stroke.
-Crank throw
bán kính lái Steering geometry, scrub radius.
-Offset
bán kính lăn Radius of a loaded tyre from its axis to the centre
of the contactpatch.
-Rolling radius
bán kính xe quay The radius of the turning circle.
vòng -Turning radius
bản lề The joint of a hinge through which the pin passes.
-Hinge
bản lề cửa A part by which the door is attached with a pivot
to the door pillar, and which allows it to swing
open or shut.
-Door hinge
bàn máy mài Power grinder for mounting on a workbench, with
two grinding wheels for grinding and sharpening
purposes.
-Bench grinder
bàn ren Tools are used to hold and operated dies when
cutting outside threads.
-Die stock

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 465

 bán trục Shaft between the differential and the drive wheel.
-Half-shaft
bán trục cầu Short shaft connecting the differential and the
drive shaft on each side in an independent
suspension layout.
-Axle shaft
bán trục chịu tải Live rear axle assembly in which the axle shafts,
hoàn toàn the total vehicle weight and cornering loads being
transferred directly from the wheel bearings to
the axle housing.
-Fully floating axle
bán trục phụ Secondary drive shaft driving for example, the
fuel or water pumps or distributor.
-Auxiliary drive
bản trung gian Intermediate plate.
-Interplate
băng Panel forming part of the external trim, such as
that below the bumper.
-Fascia
bảng báo vị trí cài Transmission guide which indicates the position
số of the gear selector of an automatic gearbox.
-Quadrant
bằng cấp Document giving official permission to do
something.
-Licence or (US) license
bảng danh dự Metal plate, typically made of brass or chromium-
plated steel, awarded for attendance or winning a
prize at a rally or other event, or with the supplier’s
name and address.
-Dashboard plaque

466 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bảng đèn sau Rear panel.
-Tail light panel

bảng đồng hồ Instrument panel display using dials and numbers.

-Dashboard

bảng đồng hồ -Fascia

trong xe

bảng gá đèn đầu Sheet metal panel for rectangular headlamps that
is spotwelded to the front section of modern cars
where the radiator grille and the headlamps are
mounted adjacent to each other providing the
mounting points for the headlamp.
-Headlamp mounting panel

bảng giá gốc The price ex-factory, as quoted in the price list,
as opposed to the actual sales price which will
include on-the-road charges.
-List price

bảng giằng cửa Device incorporated in door hinges that keeps

the door in an open position and prevents it from
closing under its own weight.
-Door stay

bảng giằng cửa Device which controls the full open and holding
không cho mở lớn positions of a door and prevents it from being
opened too far.
-Door check arm or strap

bảng in mạch Thin plastic insulating board on one or both sides

of which the components and connections of
an electronic circuit are formed by etching in a
metallic coating or electrodeposition (PCB).
-Printed circuit board

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 467

 băng keo cách điện Insulating tape.
-PVC tape
băng keo dán Adhesive tape used to cover surfaces that border
an area to be painted, so as to protect them.
-Masking tape
băng keo quấn dây PVC tape for wrapping round electrical
connections.
-Insulating tape
bằng lái xe Document which allows the holder to drive a
certain type or types of vehicle, and is the only
document required to be carried by the driver
in Britain.
-Driving license
bảng mạch in Printed Circuit Board.
-PCB
bảng số In US English, it is license plate
- Number plate
bảng số đăng ký xe Number plate.
-Registration plate
bảng số do chủ xe Numberplate chosen (at a cost) by a vehicle’s
chọn số owner, rather than one allocated by the authorities
(in the UK, the DVLA).
-Personal(ized) numberplate.
bảng số xe Plate on the front and back of a vehicle,
showing its registration number. In US English,
it is license plate.
-Number plate
băng tần Range of audio frequencies an audio component
such as a car stereo can handle.
-Bandwidth
băng tần radio Series of wavelengths forming a group.
-Waveband

468 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bảng táp lô Instrument panel.
-Dashboard

bảng thông báo Marker displayed on the inside of a parked car

thời gian đỗ xe showing time of arrival (of latest permitted time
of departure).
-Parking disc

băng thử Area equipped with instruments, used for

testing machinery, engines, ect., under working
conditions.
-Test-bed

băng thử công suất Dynamometer attached to a rolling road.

dạng con lăn -Roller dynamometer

băng thử công suất Machine for measuring the power output of an
động cơ thông qua engine, either directly or at the driven wheels.
bánh xe -Dynamometer

băng thử công suất Test stand for a complete car to determine, for
xe example, its emission characteristics under a set
of defined driving conditions.
-Chassis dynamometer.

băng thử động cơ Workbench, also used to mean a test bed for
engines.
- Engine test tape

bằng thủy lực Operated by fluid

-Hydraulic

bánh công tác có Impeller with straight radial vanes.

cánh thẳng -Vane wheel impeller

bánh công tác của Driven member which transmits multiplied engine
bộ biến mô torque to the transmission in put shaft.
-Turbine wheel

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 469

 bánh công tác của Wheel driven by exhaust gases, the turbine wheel
tuốc bin tăng áp spins at speed up to 1.6 x 105 rpm and drivesthe
compressor which is located at the opposite end
of the turbine shaft; wheel and shaft are usually
inseparable.
-Turbine wheel
bánh công tác Fluid converter, automatic transmission wheel
trong biến mô with curved blades (sometimes adjustable)
mounted on a one-way clutch; it serves as a
reaction member, i.e. it multiplies the torque
output of the turbine by increasing the momentum
of the fluid flow acting on the latter.
-Stator
bánh đà Heavy metal wheel that is attached to the
crankshaft and rotates with it, helping to smooth
out the power surges from the engine power
strokes and serving as a mounting for the clutch.
-Flywheel
bánh đà dẫn động Kind of fluid coupling in which the flywheel is the
bằng thủy lực driving rotor.
-Fluid flywheel
bánh lái Steering wheel.
-Wheel
bánh lái và khóa Anti-theft device in the form of an extendable
phanh steel rod that engages in a spoke of the steering
wheel and the brake or clutch pedal; when locked,
neither wheel nor pedal can be operated.
-Steering wheel and brake lock
bánh răng Gear.
-Cog
bánh răng ăn khớp Gears which mesh together.
-Mating gears

470 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bánh răng chủ Gearwheel transmitting the drive on a component
động such as an oil pump.
-Drive gear
bánh răng có răng Gear with two rows of inclined teeth, each forming
hình chữ V an open V or chevron.
-Double helical gear
bánh răng côn trục Bevel gear locates on either side of the differential
cầu xe into the centre, of which the axle shaft fits.
-Differential side gear
bánh răng cong Gears with helical teeth
-Helical gears
bánh răng dẫn Drive gear.
động -Driving gear
bánh răng hành Gear whose axis is not stationary; it is supported
tinh by a planet carrier and revolves around the
central axis.
-Planetary gear
bánh răng hành Planet gear with different diameters.
tinh có đường kính -Stepped planetary gear.
khác nhau
bánh răng hành Used in some starters as an intermediate
tinh trong máy khởi transmission.
động -Planetary gear
bánh răng hình Double helical gear.
chữ V -Herringbone gear
bánh răng mặt trời Central spur gear in a planetary gear set meshing
with the planet gears.
-Sun gear or sun wheel
bánh răng nghiêng Gearwheel driven by a worm.
ăn khớp trục vít -Worm wheel

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 471

 bánh răng nhỏ A gearwheel which engages with a rack or larger
wheel and whose diameter is not much larger
than the diameter of its shaft or axle.
-Pinion (gear)
bánh răng nhỏ dẫn Small bevel gear on either side of the differential
động in mesh with the two differential pinions, and into
the centre of which one of the axle shafts fits.
-Drive pinion
bánh răng nhỏ Characterized by a small gearwheel (on an input
truyền động bánh shaft) driving a large one (on the output shaft),
răng lớn providing a high gear ratio and high torque.
-Low gear
bánh răng nhỏ A bevel pinion locates inside the differential.
vi sai -Differential pinion
bánh răng nón chủ Large of two gears in a bevel gear drive with teeth
động round its periphery facing sideways.
-Crown wheel
bánh răng nón có Bevel gear with curved teeth in the final drive.
răng cong -Spiral bevel gear
bánh răng nón côn Gear shaped in the form of a frustum of a cone,
used to transmit motion through an angle.
-Bevel gear
bánh răng quán Pinion used in an inertia drive.
tính -Inertia pinion
bánh răng trong Internally toothed annulus gear.
-Internal gear
bánh răng trụ Spur gear.
-Straight-cut gear
bánh răng trụ tròn Gearwheels with straight teeth in line with their
shafts. It is lso called straight-cut gears.
-Spur gears

472 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bánh răng trục Sprocket mounted on the nose of the crankshaft
khuỷu driving the camshaft via a timing chai.
-Crankshaft sprocket
bánh răng trung Any gear between bottom gear and top gear, but
gian usually refers to second or third gears.
-Intermediate gear
bánh răng trung Gearwheel between a driving and a driven gear
gian để thay đổi in a gear train which may serve to reverse the
chiều quay original direction of rotation of the driven wheel.
-Idler
bánh răng vít Type of gear cut in a spiral form where the axes of
the driving and driven shafts are at right angles,
but not in the same plane.
-Hypoid gear
bánh vít Device consisting of a short, threaded shaft
(worm) that mates with a gearwheel (worm wheel)
so that rotary motion can be transferred between
two shafts at right angles to each other.
-Worm gear
bánh xe Spare wheel.
-Spare
bánh xe an toàn Safety wheel which can be run when deflated.
-JJD wheel
bánh xe bằng thép Consists of a steel disc and steel rim which
are welded together to provide better impact-
resistance, lower price, and higher weight than
alloy wheels.
-Steel wheel
bánh xe cam Rotating wheel acting as a cam follower.
-Cam roll

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 473

 bánh xe chạy The wheel rolls straight without any wobble or
không đảo deviation from side to side. It is opposite to out
of true.
-The wheel runs true
bánh xe có cơ cấu Wheel that can be secured to the hub with a lock.
khóa -Lockable wheel
bánh xe đôi With two wheels fitted to one hub (as in HGVs).
-Twin wheel
bánh xe dự phòng Spare wheel identical with the standard wheels
on a car.
-Conventional spare wheel
bánh xe dự phòng Spare wheel type with considerably reduced
nhỏ overall dimensions (rim width: 3.5 4.0 in),
designed to operate at a higher inflation pressure
than the standard tyre and wheel unit.
-Tempa spare (wheel)
bánh xe đúc ba Type of forged alloy wheel with a wheel spider
phần or wheel disc and a divided rim consisting of an
outer and an inner rim well; the rim is bolted to the
spider or the disc.
-Three-piece alloy wheel
bánh xe hai niềng A double-rimmed wheel with two independently
inflated tyres; has good aquaplaning and run-flat
properties.
-Twin wheel
bánh xe hỗ trợ an General term referring to either a wheel with a
toàn safety bead seat or a wheel with run flat properties.
-Safety wheel
bánh xe hợp kim Wheels made of light alloy, mainly aluminium but
also magnesium, for sports and other high-speed
cars.
-Alloy wheel or (informal) alloys pis

474 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bánh xe không cân Tendency of a vehicle to stray from its steered
bằng course; a fault caused by incorrect tyre pressure,
worn steering linkage, etc.
-Wander.
bánh xe kiểu thể Special wheel with attractive styling, usually alloy,
thao available as an aftermarket accessory, fitted
mainly to make a car look more sporty.
-Custom wheel
bánh xe làm từ Wheel made aluminium sheet material.
nhôm tấm -Sheet wheel
bánh xe liền One-piece rim/wheel.
-Single-piece rim/wheel
bánh xe liền khối Wheel with a rim constructed in one piece
incorporating a well formation at or near its centre
to enable the type beads to be mounted over the
rim flanges. It is opposite to multi-piece wheel.
-One-piece wheel
bánh xe lớn Tyre that, with use, has slightly increased in size.
-Grown tyre
bánh xe nguyên One-piece wheel.
khối -Well-base wheel
bánh xe non hơi Tyre which has too little air in it, causing
increased wear at the tread edge. It is opposite to
overinflated tyre.
-Underinflated tyre
bánh xe ốc khoá Splined-hub wheel with one central locking nut
(spinner) which is knocked on and off with a soft-
headed hammer.
-Knock-off wheel
bánh xe thứ năm Additional wheel attached to the rear of a vehicle
being road-tested which drives a highly accurate
speed-measuring instrument.
-Fifth wheel

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 475

 bánh xe tiếp xúc Part of the valve stem-possibly equipped with a
cam roller mechanism-in a manner to prevent lateral
forces acting on either the pushrod or valve stem.
-Cam follow
bánh xe tiêu chuẩn Original wheel on a vehicle supplied by the car
manufacturer. It is opposite to custom wheel.
-Standard wheel
bánh xe với mâm One-piece wheel, as oppesed to two-piece and
đúc three-piece forged wheels, produced using the
low-pressure die casting process, which offers a
great degree of design flexibility as to the styling
of the wheel disc.
-Cast-alloy wheel
bánh xích Wheel with teeth which engage in a drive chain,
e. g. a timing chain.
-Sprocket (wheel)
bánh xích chủ động Sprocket round which a chain passes for
transmitting power.
-Drive sprocket
bánh xích trên cốt Sprocket mounted on the crankshaft to drive the
máy camshaft via the timing chain.
-Camshaft drive sprocket
bánh xích trên trục Sprocket mounted on the camshaft driven by the
cam timing chain which in turn driven by the crankshaft.
-Camshaft sprocket
báo cửa chưa đóng Dash-board panel displaying a plan of the car
with illuminated parts representing doors left
open, lights switched on, etc.
-Graphic display unit
bảo dưỡng To carry out a service on a vehicle.
-Service

476 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bảo hiểm trọn gói Insurance against most ricks, including third-
party liability, fire, theft, and damage.
-Comprehension insurance
bảo hiểm xe hơi Motor insurance.
-Car insurance
bào mặt Dress.
-True up
báo tiêu hao nhiên Trip computer.
liệu - Reported fuel consumption
bảo vệ ca-tốt Cathodic protection.
-Sacrificial protection
bảo vệ sàn xe bằng Treatment of the under of a vehicle to protect
nhựa PVC it from chipping due to gravel or stones and
corrosive agents.
-PVC underbody treatment
bảo vệ tránh nhiễu To shield from electrical interference.
điện từ -Screen
bắt đầu truyền To begin to transmit the drive when the clutch is
động khi nhả ly hợp engaged.
-Take up
bắt đột ngột khi nhả To take up the drive suddenly when the clutch
ly hợp pedal is released, also callde snatch.
-Grab
bật lên To chatter or bounce instead of closing properly
at high speeds.
-Bounce
bật sang đèn cốt To switch headlights to the lower beam.
-Dip
bầu chứa đèn đặt The headlamp housing of cars having separate
rời headlamp not integrated into the body line, e.g.
the Citroen 2 CV and most prewar cars.
-Headlamp bucket

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 477

 bầu chứa khí nén Container for compressed air, especially for a
compressor.
-Bulb of compressed air

bầu chứa không khí Air tank.

-Air receiver

bầu hút hơi xăng Activated carbon canister.

-Adsorption canister

bầu khử than hoạt Activated carbon canister.

tính -Vapour canister

bầu lọc dầu Filter through which all the oil in the engine passes.
-Full-flow filter

bầu lọc gió có bộ Air cleaner which also controls the temperature of
điều khiển nhiệt độ the air entering the engine (TAC).
khí nạp -Thermostatic air cleaner

bầu lọc than hoạt Activated carbon.

tính -Activated

bẩy ra To lever off.

-Prise off

bệ cửa Lower door area, both of the door skin and of

the door frame, also the narrow horizontal lower
panel of the door frame that incorporates the
drain holes.
-Door bottom

bề dày hoặc đường The thickness or diameter of various materials

kính such as wire or sheet metal.
-Gauge

bệ gắn lò xo hệ Recessed mounting to accommodate a coil

thống treo spring.
-Spring seat

478 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bệ hình côn Circular seating, e.g. for a valve or sparking plug,
with slopping sides.
-Conical seat or seating
bẻ lái không dư Having neither oversteer nor understeer.
cũng không thiếu -Neutral handling
bệ lưỡi gà Component of a reed valve used to limit upward
travel of the reed.
-Reed stop
bề mặt ăn khớp Surface which interacts perfectly with another.
-Mating surface
bề mặt cam Surface of a cam.
-Cam face
bề mặt khối xi-lanh In an engine, top face of the cylinder block on
which the cylinder head rests.
-Deck
bề mặt lắp khóa The surface of a door to which the lock is attached.
-Lock facing
bề mặt sơn General appearance or condition of a surface,
either painted or unpainted.
-Finish
bề mặt tiếp xúc của Area of the bearing actually in contact with the
bạc lót shaft or other member being supporting.
-Bearing surface
bề ngang vành The nominal distance between the rim flanges.
bánh xe -RIM width
bề rộng cơ sở In vehicle geometry, distance between the
của xe centres of the contact patches of two wheels on a
common axle. In US English, which is tread.
-Track
bề rộng vỏ xe ghi First part of a tyre marking moulded on the
bên hông vỏ sidewall, giving the tyre’s width in millimetres.
-Size marking

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 479

 bệ xú-páp That part of a valve, or the part of the cylinder
head against which it seats, which contacts the
matching part.
-Valve seat
bên đường Stone edging between the pavement and the
road. In US English, it is called curb.
-Kerb
bên hút That side of a pumping system or pump at which
the liquid to be pumped enters the suction line or
pump casing. It is opposite to discharge side.
-Suction side
bên xả Outlet side.
-Discharge side
bến xe tắc-xi Place where taxis wait to be hired.
-Taxi rank
bên xe xa lề đường Side of the vehicle farthest away from the kerb
(when driving).
-Offside o/s
bi Spherical part, e.g. in a ball bearing or a ball
socket joint.
-Ball
bị bào mòn Eroded or eaten away.
-Burnt
bị dẫn Made to rotate by the engine or some other
source of motive power.
-Driven
bị đụng Description of a car after an accident.
-Towable
bị hỏng vì rò hoặc To become defective, either by leaking or burning
cháy through.
-Blow

480 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bị tắc nghẽn To get in the way of obstruct (another part).
-Foul
bị trầy Scratched, grooved, or lined with small cuts.
-Scored
bị trèo ren Damaged by being inserted in a threaded hole at
an angle.
-Cross-threaded
bi trong van một Ball in a ball-type check valve.
chiều -Check ball
biển báo nguy hiểm Warning triangle.
hình tam giác -Triangular safety reflector
biên dạng Side view, shape or outline of an object.
-Profile
bin dạng cam Exact shape of the cam face which determines
the rate and extent of valve lift, i.e. how fast and
how far the valve opens, and all other aspects of
valve behaviour during the opening and closing
process.
-Cam profile
biến dạng của lò xo Spring deformation under hard acceleration or
nhún deceleration.
-Spring wind-up
biến dạng do xoắn To distort or fracture as a result of excess torsion
or transverse load.
-Shear
biển tam giác báo Triangular red safety reflector that must be carried
nguy hiểm on all vehicles and be placed at the side of the
road to warn of an obstruction ahead, such as a
broken-down vehicle.
-Warning triangle

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 481

 biến trở Resistor with variable resistance.
-Rheostat
biểu đồ áp suất xi- Cylinder pressure chart, plotted against the
lanh working cycle of a piston or engine.
-Indicator diagram
biểu đồ màu sơn Colour chart.
-Paint chip book
biểu đồ mô tả vận In experimental two-stroke engine development,
tốc và hướng phun a map of the scavenging air velocity distribution
khí quét and the scavenging jet orientation inside a
cylinder.
-Acavenging picture
biểu đồ phân phối A diagrammatic representation of the engine
khí timing, i.e. the times during which the inlet and
exhaust valves are open and closed.
-Timing diagram
biểu tượng Typically, the maker’s logo in coloured enamel on
chrome plate but can also be letters or symbols
indicating a particular type or model, such as
V-12, 16V, fiesta, etc.
-Badge
biểu tượng của Emblem forming the whole or part of a company’s
công ty trademark.
-Company logo
biểu tượng hãng Badge usually stating the make in sometimes the
trên nắp ca-pô model of vehicle in the centre of the front edge of
the bonnet.
-Bonnet badge
biểu tượng trên nắp Plastic emblem with logo; self-adhesive backing
bánh xe adheres to hub cap or wheel cover centre cap.
-Wheel trim emblem

482 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bình ắc quy Storage battery, especially for an electrically
driven vehicle.
-Accumulator

bình châm dầu bôi Oil can.

trơn -Oiler

bình chứa và lọc Device on the low side of an air-conditioning

gas system, usually at the evaporator outlet on the
bulk-head which store excess refrigerant; it
consists of a tank, a filter, a drying agent and a
vapour return tube.
-Accumulator drier

bình cứu hỏa Cylinder which can spray powder , foam or a

liquid onto a fire to put it out.
-Fire extinguisher

bình dầu phanh Usually a translucent plastic tank located either

directly on top of the master cylinder or on a
higher lever for easier access, which contains
two chambers in dual-circuit braking systems,
and may include a lever sensor.
-Brake fluid reservoir

bình dầu thấm Proprietary water-re pellent spray.

-WD-40

bình dầu với vòi Container with a long, thin nozzle for lubricating
nhỏ và dài machinery.
-Oil can

bình giải nhiệt dầu Small, airor coolant-cooler, radiator-like device

bôi trơn designed too decrease the temperature of the oil
in the engine to approx 185oF.
-Oil cooler

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 483

 bình giãn nở Overflow container for gases or liquids subject
to expansion, such as fuels or more particularly
coolant which expanse when heated and return
to the radiator when cooled.
-Expansion tank
bình nhỏ Tube in a canned motor pump which insulates the
motor winding.
-Can
bình nước phụ Top radiator tank in a thermosyphon water cooling
system.
-Header tank
bình phao Circular reservoir for petrol forming part of a
carburettor, in which a float maintains the desired
level by rising as the level of the fuel rises and
closing the needle valve in the float chamber
cover to shut off the supply.
-Float chamber or float bowl (US)
bình trộn sơn bằng Device for mixing paint by shaking.
cách lắc -Agita
bình xịt vá vỏ tạm Aerosol can which inflates a punctured tyre and
thời injects sealing compound to provide at least a
temporary repair.
-Emergency inflator
bịt kín bằng phớt To prevent the passage of liquid, air, gas, etc. by
means of a seal or sealant (e.g. on maens, joints,
flanges).
-Seal
bịt lỗ trên thân xe Special cavity-sealing process developed by
bằng sáp nóng Volkswagen, which uses a solvent-free wax
injected into the cavities of bodies preheated
to 60oC.
-Hot-wax flooding

484 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bộ khuếch đại tín Device used to increase the electrical signal in an
hiệu đánh lửa electronic ignition system.
-Ignition amplifier
bộ bánh răng Arrangement of gear-wheel working together.
-Gears
bộ bánh răng giảm Gearing in which the ratio is reduced in two
tốc kép stages, used especially in heavy goods vehicles.
-Double reduction gearing
bộ bánh răng hành Comprises a central externally toothed sun gear,
tinh an internally toothed outer ring gear, and several
intermediate planet gears which are evenly
spaced and supported by a planet carrier; they
are in constant mesh with the sun gear and the
internal gear.
-Planetary gear set
bộ bánh răng hành Comprises two sun gears of different diameters,
tinh Ravigneaux one internal gear, and several planet.
-Ravigneaux planetary gear set
bộ biến mô Torque converter.
-Converter
bộ biến mô có khóa Torque converter in which the pump can be
tuốc bin mechanically locked to the turbine, eliminating
any loss through the fluid.
-Lock-up torque converter
bộ biến mô thủy lực Torque converter.
-Hydrodynamic torque converter
bộ bốc hơi In automotive air-conditioning systems, a
heat exchanger designed to absorb heat by
evaporation of a refrigerant (Note: opposite is
condenser).
-Evaporator

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 485

 bộ bù nhiệt Wax-type thermostat contained in a housing at the
base of the jet head; with increasing temperature,
the wax expands and pushes the jet upwards,
thereby reducing the effective area of the jet and
restoring the correct fuel flow.
-Temperature compensator
bô cân bằng Formerly, two gearwheels carrying an unbalanced
weight, mounted in bearings below the middle
main crankshaft bearing, driven at twice engine
speed and rotating in opposite directions to
counterbalance the secondary vibrations in a
four-cylinder reciprocating engine.
-Harmonic balancer
bộ căng đai Device designed to maintain the tension of a
timing belt or chain.
-Tensioner
bộ căng dây đai an Rrestraint system controlled by deceleration
toàn sensors.
-Seat belt tensioner
bộ chấp hành thủy Device which regulates hydraulic fluid pressure
lực in an ABS.
-Hydraulic modulator
bộ chế hòa khí Carburettor.
-Carb
bộ chế hoà khí có Carburettor regulated by a closed loop system
cơ cấu điều chỉnh providing the air/ fuel mixture quality needed to
hỗn hợp operate a catalytic converter.
-Feedback carburettor (FIB)
bộ chế hòa khí có Carburettor with two identical barrels to feed two
hai bướm gió banks of cylinders.
-Twin barrel or twin choke carburetor

486 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bộ chế hòa khí có Carburettor in which the size of the venturi or
họng khuếch tán choke tube is fixed, synonymous in practice with
không thay đổi fixed-jet carburettor.
-Fixed-choke carburetor
bộ chế hòa khí có Side draught carburetor.
họng khuếch tán -Horizontal draught carburettor
nằm ngang
bộ chế hòa khí có The characteristic feature of this carburettor is the
họng khuếch tán vacuum-operated piston which adjusts the cross-
thay đổi sectional area of the venturi and moves a jet
needle in and out of a needle jet; typical designs
are the SU and Stromberg carburettors.
-Variable-venturi carburettor or VV carburettor
bộ chế hòa khí có A carburettor with factory-adjusted idle speed,
lỗ chỉnh cầm chừng sealed idle speed adjustment screw, and
đã niêm phong provisions to ensure that exhaust emission levels
remain within specified limits over an extended
period of time.
-Tamperproof carburettor
bộ chế hòa khí có Type of carburettor often used in two-stroke
van trượt motocycle engines, in which a slide valve modifies
the venturi of the carburettor.
-Slide carburetor
bộ chế hòa khí đảo Carburettor in which the air / fuel mixture is drawn
ngược in from below; a rather unusual type. It is opposite
to downdraught carburettor.
-Updraught carburettor
bộ chế hòa khí đôi Two carburettors on an engine, mechanically
coupled and balanced (TC).
-Twin carburetors
bộ chế hòa khí hai Twin choke carburettor.
họng khuếch tán -Double-barrel carburettor

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 487

 bộ chế hòa khí Variable -Venturi Carburettor.
họng khuếch tán -VV carburetor
thay đổi

bộ chế hòa khí hút Carburettor with a horizontal barrel so that the air
bên hông intake is at the side.
-Sidedraught carburettor

bộ chế hoà khí hút Sside draught carburettor.

ngang -Cross-draught carburettor

bộ chế hòa khí kép Carburettor with more than one choke (normally
two-a small throttle openings and a larger one
for large throttle openings), but for fitting to a
single port.
-Carburettor

bộ chế hoà khí phụ Usually a simple slide carburettor which works in
parallel with the main carburettor and acts as a
starting aid.
-Starting carburettor

bộ chế hòa khí A type of variable venturi carburettor.

Stromberg - Stromberg carburettor

bộ chế hòa khí SU Widely used type of variable venturi carburettor SU.
-SU carburetor
bộ chế hòa khí với Type of SU carburettor with a horizontal integral
buồng phao nằm float chamber.
ngang -HIF carburetor
bộ chế hòa khí với Compound carburettor.
cánh bướm gió kép -Progressive carburettor
bộ chế hòa khí với Carburetor with a vertical barrel, at the top of
họng khuếch tán which is the air intake.
đứng -Down draught carburetor

488 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bộ chế hòa khí với Most common type of carburettor, in which the
lỗ tia không đổi jets and the choke are of a fixed size, which is
opposite to variable-jet carburettor.
-Fixed-jet carburettor
bộ chế hòa khí xe Formation of ice deposits in the carburettor intake
hơi during very damp and cool, but not freezing
weather.
-Carburettor
bộ chia điện An assembly, which distributes the ignition voltage
generated in the ignition coil to the sparking plugs
in the firing order of the engine.
-Distributor
bộ chia điện cao Sometimes used to designate the distributtor
áp in electronically controlled ignition systems,
which has no controlling functions or advance
mechanism. It is also called HT distributor.
-Hightension distributor
bộ chia điện có Distributor whose drive shaft projects into the
trục dài engine; the shaft is driven via a gearing system or
a coupling. It is opposite to short-type distributor.
-Shaft distributor
bộ chia điện Distributor in an electronic ignition system with a
không có vít lửa pulse generator instead of a contact breaker.
-Breakerless distributor
bộ chia điện kiểu Distributor without a drive shaft; the drive
ngắn coupling is located directly at the base of the
ignition distributor housing. It is opposite to shaft
distributor.
-Short-type distributor
bộ chỉnh gió trong Precision control for adjusting the air quantity
sơn phun delivered by a spray gun.
-Air micrometer

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 489

 bộ đai an toàn hai Belt system used with child seats and in cars,
dây đai consisting of two shoulder belts and two lap belt
portions fastened by a central buckle.
-Harness
bộ đai an toàn Safety hardness anchored at four points, worn by
bốn chốt gắn some racing drivers.
-A 4-point racing harness

bộ đánh lửa sớm Vacuum advance.

chân không -Advance capsule

bó dây điện Wiring harness.

-Loom

bộ đếm tốc độ Informally, it is tachometer.

động cơ -Rev counter

bộ điều áp Regulator which governs the pressure of the fuel

delivered to the injectors by the fuel pump.
-Pressure regulator

bộ điều áp máy Device for controlling the current output of a

phát dynamo (which increases with engine speed)
by opening a switch when the current exceeds
a certain value, thus protecting the dynamo from
damage due to excess current.
-Current regulator

bộ điều biến Automatic gearbox actuator used to transform

inlet manifold vacuum into a mechanical motion,
which in turn can be used to move the connected
modulator valve.
-Modulator

bộ điều chỉnh Any device which controls fluid flow, pressure,

temperature, voltage, etc.
-Regulator

490 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bộ điều chỉnh điện Electric or electronic device which regulates the
thế voltage output from a dynamo or alternator which
is affected by engine speed, the power required
by the circuits and the state of the battery.
-Voltage regulator
bộ điều chỉnh Unit in the K-jetronic fuel injection system which
hỗn hợp combines the fuel distributor and the airflow
sensor; it monitors the rate of airflow and meters
the fuel supplied to the injectors.
-Mixture control unit
bộ điều chỉnh Automatic transmission control transmission
hộp số regulator.
-Governor
bộ điều chỉnh Wax-type thermostat at the base of the jet of a SU
nhiên liệu theo carburetor, which expands and reduces fuel flow
nhiệt when the under bonnet temperature rises.
-Capstat
bộ điều chỉnh Thermostat in which the expansion of melting
nhiệt loại sáp paraffin wax (in a rigid cylinder) deforms a moulded
rubber membrane and displaces a piston / pin
from the cylinder; this has the advantage of being
insensitive to sudden temperature fluctuations or
to the pressure in the system.
-Wax-type thermostat
bộ điều chỉnh thời High energy ignition system with electronic spark
điểm đánh lửa timing = HEIEST, the HEIEST system consists of an
bằng điện tử electronic distributor, with the ignition coil mounted
on the distributor cap on 6 and 8 cylinder models or
externally on 4 cylinder models; the ignition timing
is performed electronically by the electronic control
module. (used on several 1983-88 GM models).
-High energy ignition system
bộ điều khiển chế In US English, which is intermittent wiper control.
độ ngắt quãng -Mist action
của cần gạt nước

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 491

 bộ điều khiển Vacuum control unit for retarding the spark. It is
đánh lửa trễ bằng opposite to vacuum advance unit.
chân không -Vacuum retard (unit)
bộ điều khiển Electronic control module.
điện tử -ECM
bộ điều tiết áp K-jetronic basically a pressure relief valve located
suất on the fuel distributor.
-System pressure regulator
bộ điều tốc Engine speed regulator.
-Governor
bộ dò đài That component / circuit of a radio which tunes
to the frequencies of radio stations; (tuner +
amplifier = receiver).
-Tuner
bộ đo gió kiểu L Airflow meter used on the L-Jetronic system.
-L-Jetronic air flow meter.
bộ đồ nghề nắn Power jacks used to straighten localized body
thẳng damage, essentially comprising special ram
cylinders, pumps, attachments, and extensions.
-Straightening kit or set
bộ đồng tốc Common synchromesh mechanism in which
the synchromesh pressure is proportional to the
gearchange force, thus preventing overriding of
the synchromesh action due to hasty operation
of the lever; the gear and gearchange sleeve are
prevented from engaging until rotational speeds
are synchronized.
-Locking synchromesh
bộ đồng tốc có Locking synchromesh.
khóa -Proportional load synchromesh

492 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bộ đồng tốc Sophisticated synchromesh technology
Porsche depending on the frictional forces by a spreading
synchronizer ring.
-Porsche-type synchromesh

bộ dụng cụ Set of tools, parts, etc.

-Kit
bộ dụng cụ để cân Selection of different tools used to align the clutch
ly hợp plate with the flywheel, usually containing a shaft,
pilot bearing adapters, and tapered universal
sleeves.
-Clutch aligning set
bộ dụng cụ sử Set of small tools usually comprising 8 small
dụng cho hệ open-ended spanners (size: 3/16 7/16 in), a feeler
thống đánh lửa gauge, a small screwdriver and a points file.
-Ignition toolkit
bộ gắn ở ống thải Device installed in the exhaust manifold of some
giúp tăng cường air injection systems to promote HC and CO
oxy hoá oxidation by providing long exhaust gas residence
times in a localized area.
-Thermal reactor
bộ giải nhiệt cho Heat exchanger of the air-to-air or air-to-water
khí nạp trong hệ type which lowers the charge air temperature to
thống tăng áp obtain higher air density and better volumetric
efficiency.
-Intercooler
bộ giải nhiệt khí Heat exchanger in a diesel engine which cools
nạp the intake of air before it enters the cylinders.
-Aftercooler
bộ giảm âm phía First and main silencer in an exhaust system
trước where there are two.
-Front silencer

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 493

 bộ giảm chấn Any device designed to absorb mechanical shock
but especially the spring damper in a vehicle
suspension system.
-Shock absorber or (informal) shock

bộ giảm chấn khí Shock absorber incoporating a rubber boot filled

with compressed air serving as an auxiliary
pneumatic spring ; mainly used for lever control
purposes on the rear axle of a vehicle, e.g. when
towing heavy trailers.
-Air shock absorber

bộ giảm chấn có Shock absorber which can be made harder or

thể điều chỉnh softer.
được -Adjustable shock absorber

bộ giảm chấn hai Double-tube shock absorber.

ống -Twin-tube damper

bộ giảm chấn kép Older design of hydraulic shock absorber using

two concentric tubes, one serving as the working
cylinder, the other as the reservoir.
-Double-tube shock absorber

bộ giảm chấn khí Gas shock absorber.

-Gas damper

bộ giảm chấn kiểu A tubular spring damper operated by rod and

ống piston; the most common type of shock adsorber.
-Telescopic shock absorber

bộ giảm chấn kiểu A tube locates on the engine block or gearbox,

ống lồng which holds the dipstick.
-Dipstick tube

494 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bộ giảm chấn một Sommon type of shock absorber with the working
ống cylinder and reservoir contained in one tube.
-Single-tube shock absorber
bộ giảm chấn nhỏ Small housing for a damper piston moving in oil,
lắp trên bộ chế such as that of a carburetor.
hòa khí -Dashpot
bộ giảm chấn vô Steering damper.
lăng -Steering wheel damper
bộ giảm dao động Torsional vibration damper.
-Vibration damper
bộ giảm dao động Any device that attenuates pressure spikes.
áp suất -Resonator
bộ giảm dao động Generally, any device that reduces torional
xoắn vibrations. Specifically, the small flywheel on the
front end of a crankshaft.
-Torsional vibration damper.
bộ giảm ma sát Friction shock absorber.
-Friction damper
bộ giảm rung Device which reduces or prevents vibrations or
dùng khối lượng oscillations, usually a weight which counteracts
cân bằng (balances) undesirable motions; used on drive
shafts of some FWD cars.
-Mass damper
bộ giảm thanh Type of absorption silencer with a single perforated
một ống thẳng tube surrounded by sound-absorbing fibre which
creates less back pressure and consequent loss
of power than other types.
-Straight-through silencer
bộ giảm thanh Device usually incorporated in the air filter to cut
trong lọc gió out induction hiss.
-Air silencer

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 495

 bộ giảm xóc Air shock absorber.
không khí -Self-levelling shock absorber

bộ giảm xóc kiểu Shock absorber in which friction discs are inserted
ma sát at the point where the two arms are joined, now
no longer used in car suspensions.
-Friction shock absorber

bộ giảm xóc tay A shock-absorber-like bump stop which absorbs

lái vibrations in the steering system.
-Steering damper

Bộ Giao thông Department of Transport. (in the UK).

-DOT

Bộ Giao thông Ministry of Transport. (in Vietnam)

vận tải -MOT

bộ giới hạn tốc độ Device acting as a governor which cuts the power
động cơ when a certain number of RPM is reached.
-Engine speed limiter.

bộ giữ ngàm cốp Grid made of tubular bars or wire mesh to keep a
xe dog in the luggage compartment of an estate or
hatchback.
-Dog guard

bộ hiệu chỉnh Automatic levelling control in hydropneumatic

chiều cao hệ suspension systems.
thống treo thủy -Height corrector or height regulator
khí

bộ hoá khử có Converter with a conventional oxidation catalyst

bơm khí that needs a secondary air supply to convert
hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide and water;
does not control NOx emissions.
-Oxidizing converter

496 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bộ hoá khử dạng Catalytic converter with a catalyst-coated,
tổ ong ceramic honeycomb monolith through which the
exhaust gases pass.
-Monolithic converter

bồ hóng Engineering material, used as filler in plastic

mouldings and in tyres, where it improves
the mechanical properties of tyre rubber and
produces, as a side effect, the typical black colour.
-Carbon black

bộ kẹp phanh Assembly in a disc brake system fitting over the

disc and containing the piston which act on the
brake pads.
-Brake caliper

bộ kẹp phanh đĩa Brake caliper.

-Caliper

bộ kẹp phanh đĩa Old disc brake design formerly used on motor
có bản lề bikes; superseded by slidingcaliper disc brakes.
-Hinged-caliper disc brake

bộ kẹp phanh đĩa Disc brake with a caliper which cannot move, the
cố định caliper consisting of two halves which are bolted
together and contain at least one cylinder and
piston each.
-Fixed-caliper disc brake

bộ kẹp phanh đĩa Disc brake with a single piston, in which the
di động caliper itself can move to bring both pads into
contact with the disc.
-Floating-caliper disc brake

bộ kẹp phanh đĩa Disc brake design with a sliding caliper.

với chốt trượt -Pin slider caliper disc brake

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 497

 bộ khuếch đại Amplifier unit which increase the audio signal
level at the loudspeakers, fitted between the radio
or stereo unit and the speakers, often mounted in
the boot.
-Booster
bộ khuếch đại tín Device used to increase the electrical signal in an
hiệu đánh lửa electronic ignition system.
-Ignition amplifier
bộ khung xe The bare skeleton of a vehicle, stripped of all
running gear, fittings, accessories and detachable
panels.
-Body shell
bộ kiểm soát khí NOx-Control Module.
Nox -NCM

bộ kiểm soát tiêu Device for making a vehicle use less fuel, either
hao nhiên liệu by regulating the flow of fuel, or by admitting
extra air to the air/fuel mixture (especially when
cruising).
-Economizer

bộ kiểm soát treo Hydraulically operated struts which control

thủy lực the movement of the wheels in an active ride
suspension system.
-Hydraulic actuators

bộ lọc Device for removing dirt or suspended particles in

a liquid or in the air.
-Filter

bộ lọc dầu bôi Device for trapping dirt in lubricating or hydraulic

trơn oil; usually either a fullflow filter or a bypass filter
with the filter elementmade of pleated paper,
gauze, ceramic or fine wire mesh.
-Oil filter

498 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bộ lọc dầu tinh Special oil filter designed to trap particles down
to 1 micrometre in order to allow extended oil
change intervals in the order of 60,000 miles
without affecting engine life.
-Micro oil filter

bộ lọc gió hoặc Filter design in which particles accumulate on the

nhớt bằng giấy surface, e.g. of a folded paper element; typical
xếp design of air and cartridge-type oil filters.
-Surface-type filter

bộ lọc gió tròn Usually a circular, flat, chrome-plated air cleaner,

trên bộ chế hoà mounted on top of the carburettor.
khí -Low-profile air cleaner

bộ lọc mạch rẽ Bypass filter.

-Partial flow filter

bộ lọc muội than Filter removing particulates from a diesel exhaust,

trong khí thải which is similar to appearance in a honeycomb-
động cơ diesel type catalytic converter, but it is unlike the catalytic
converter without any catalytic function. It acts
simply as a mechanical separator.
-Diesel particulate filter

bộ lọc nhiễu tín Filter which removes electrical noise from the
hiệu từ cảm biến vacuum signal sent from the vacuum sensor to
chân không the ECU.
-Vacuum filter

bộ lọc rẽ Type of oil filter through which only part of the

total lubricant passes (approximately 10-20 %),
the rest being supplies directly to the lubricating
points.
-Bypass filter

bố lốp xe .
- Snow chains

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 499

 bộ ly hợp Mechanism for connecting or disconnecting the
drive between two shafts while they are rotating
or at rest, placed between the engine and gearbox
in vehicles with manual transmission, and usually
mounted on the flywheel.
-Clutch

bộ ly hợp có lò Most common type of clutch used in modern

xo lá vehicles with manual transmission, in which a
diaphragm spring keeps the pressure plate in
contact with the frictions plate.
-Diaphragm spring clutch

bộ ly hợp có lò xo Diaphragm spring clutch.

màng -Diaphragm clutch
bộ ly hợp một One-way clutch (in automatic transmission)
chiều trong hộp device that disengages the engine on overrun.
số tự động -Overrunning clutch
bộ ly hợp nhiều Clutch with more than one driven plate, usually
đĩa ma sát of the oil-immersed type; frequently used in
motorcycle drive trains, in automatic transmissions
of cars, in power distribution systems of 4wd
vehicles, and as locking elements in limited-slip
differentials.
-Multi-plate or multiple-plate clutch or
multiple-disc clutch (US)
bộ ly hợp ướt Friction clutch that uses an oil bath to dissipate
heat.
-Wet clutch
bo mạch in Printed circuit board.
-Board
bộ nạp điện loại Small, mains-operated battery charger, typically
nhỏ delivering less than five amperes.
-Trickle charger

500 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bộ ngắt It is also called thermostatic interruptor.
-Interruptor
bộ ngắt điện dùng Protective device which can be reset; it breaks an
để bảo vệ electric circuit to prevent damage when the circuit
is overloaded or overheated by excess current flow.
-Circuit breaker
bộ ngưng tụ Device in an air-conditioning system mounted in
front of the car’s radiator with coils and turns to
liquid, which is opposite to evaporator.
-Condenser
bộ nhớ lỗi Part of the electronic control unit and of the
diagnostic system that stores faulty conditions to
facilitate vehicle diagnosis.
-Fault memory
bộ nhớ mã lỗi Fault memory.
-Keep alive memory
bộ phận bôi trơn Cam lubricator.
cam -Oiler
bộ phận chống Electrical device used in car circuits to damp out
nhiễu and filter out radio or TV interference caused
mainly by the ignition system and battery circuit.
-Suppressor
bộ phận chuyển Converts a torque wrench or drive handle without
cần siết một chiều a ratchet mechanism into a reversible ratchet tool.
thành hai chiều -Ratchet adaptor
bộ phận điều Assembly for load-dependent ignition timing
khiển đánh lửa controlled by the inlet manifold vacuum,
sớm chân không consisting of a vacuum capsule with a spring-
loaded diaphragm linked to the breaker plate.
-Vacuum control unit
bộ phận định Unit which regulates the quantity of fuel injected
lượng xăng phun in the K-jetronic system.
loại K -Metering unit

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 501

 bộ phận đốt tiếp In diesel particulate filters, a means of burning the
muội than particulate charge trapped in the filter element,
to prevent the filter from clogging and to restore
filtration capacity; usually a catalyst coating that
promotes oxidation of carbon particulates to
harmless carbon dioxide.
-Trap oxidizer
bộ phận gá tuýp Tool with a female square drive at one end to
accept hexagon bits.
-Bit adapter or holder
bộ phận gia cố hệ Accessories designed to reinforce the rear suspension
thống treo when carrying heavy loads or towing caravans or
trailers; they include: extra, single-leaf springs, coil
springs, and heavy duty spring dampers.
-Suspension aids
bộ phận khung xe Box or channel section forming part of the chassis.
-Chassis section
bộ phận kích nổ Device for detonating the air bag.
túi khí -Squib
bộ phận kiểm soát Digital ignition control module for retrofitting
khí Nox to cars with Motronic engine control; modifies
ignition timing characteristics for lower NOx
emissions.
-NOx-Control Module
bộ phận nối phần The moving components which link the lower
dưới khung xe với part of the vehicle to the wheels, i. e. suspension,
bánh xe including control arms, springs, shock absorbers,
steering components, etc.
-Running gear
bộ phân phối Device constituting the mixture control unit
nhiên liệu together with the airflow sensor.
-Fuel distributor

502 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bộ phận rời Apecial panel supplied for body repairs that does
not include the full panel used for assembling the
car but only the most vulnerable areas; i. e. for
wings, separate repair sections are supplied for
the headlamp area and the bottom wing edges,
where damage usually occurs.
-Repair section.
bó phanh Hard braking, but not necessarily with locked
wheels.
-Hard stop
bố phanh Curved strip of friction material usually containing
asbestos attached to a brake shoe.
-Brake lining
bố phanh ăn khớp It take a while for new brake pads to bed
hoàn toàn với đĩa themselves in.
phanh -Bed in
bộ phanh đĩa di Disc brake design with a sliding caliper: The
động caliper floats on caliper frame grooves, major
components are: caliper (a casting with one
cylinder and piston), caliper frame (casting);
the caliper floats on ‘ways’ in the frame, and
the caliper frame is bolted to the suspension.
Caliper floats on carliper locating pins are pin
slider caliper disc brake with mounting frame,
which is floating-frame disc brake.
-Sliding-caliper disc brake

bộ phát tiếng nói Electronic device which simulates speech to

warn the driver of something wrong (such as an
unclosed door).
-Speech synthesizer

bộ phát tín hiệu Device that transmits electrical or radio signals. It

vô tuyến is opposite to receiver.
-Transmitter

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 503

 bộ phát xung kiểu Pulse generator that makes use of the Hall
Hall effect and consists of a rotor with vanes, a
conductive element with a permanent magnet
and the Hall IC.
-Hall element or Hall generator

bộ roong Set which includes all the seals, O-ring and

gaskets required for the assembly of the cylinder
and cylinder head.
-Top end gasket set / Kit

bộ sưởi đường System used to improve the cold start behaviour of

ống nạp an engine, consisting of heating ducts incorporated
into the inlet manifold that are connected to the
water coling system of the engine; alternatively,
an electric heater may be used.
-Manifold heater

bộ sưởi xi-lanh Cylinder block heater.

-Engine block heater

bộ ta-rô ren Selection of tools such as taps, tap holders, dies

and die stocks for cutting inside and outside
threads.
-Tap and die set

bộ tản nhiệt Liquid-to-air heat exchanger that transfers engine

heat to the outside air; consists of many thin-
walled tubes with metal cooling fins that draw
off heat from the liquid (predominantly water)
inside them.
-Radiator

bộ tản nhiệt có Radiator in which the water flows sideways

nước giải nhiệt instead of vertically, and which is therefore wider
chảy ngang than it is high, permitting a lower bonnet line.
-Cross flow radiator

504 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bộ tản nhiệt có Traditional type of vertical radiator, with header
nước giải nhiệt tank and bottom tank and a system of small
trên xuống tubes and cooling fins in-between, the hot water
entering at the top and exiting at the bottom.
-Downflow radiator

bộ tăng áp Device such as a positive displacement

compressor or dynamic compressor used to
improve the volumetric efficiency and power
output of internal combustion engines by raising
the intake pressure, thus increasing the amount
of air drawn in. It is largely superseded in cars by
the turbocharger.
-Supercharger

bộ tăng áp dẫn Supercharger.

động bằng puli -Blower
cốt máy
bộ tăng áp kiểu Lobe-type supercharger similar to the Roots
Lysholm compressor, but more efficient and much more
expensive Lysholm.
-Lysholm supercharger
bộ tạo xung thủy Hydraulically operated system that can excite
lực làm rung xe vibrations of various frequencies in a car; serves
to find and eliminate noise sources.
-Hydropulser
bộ thu tín hiệu Of radio remote control system device that
trong điều khiển receives incoming electrical or radio signals. It is
từ xa opposite to transmitter.
-Receiver
bộ thu nhiệt mặt Heat exchanger that transforms solar radiant
trời energy into heat; typical solar collectors are flat-
plate collectors and concentrating collectors.
-Solar collector

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 505

 bộ tích áp Spherical pressure tank of about 10 mm diameter
in an hydraulic brake booster.
-Pressure accumulator
bộ tích áp cho Storage battery, especially for an electrically
hệ thống treo tự driven vehicle.
động -Accumulator
bộ tích áp suất Pressure reservoir for a suspension system with
cho hệ thống treo automatic leveling.
tự động -Accumulator
bộ tích áp thủy Accumulator.
lực -Hydraulic accumulator
bộ tích lũy nhiên Device in the K-Jetronic fuel injection system
liệu which serves to absorb the initial pressure surge
when a fuel pump starts.
-Fuel accumulator
bộ tiết chế máy Device for controlling the current output of a
phát dynamo (which increases with engine speed)
by opening a switch when the current exceeds
a certain value, thus protecting the dynamo from
damage due to excess current.
-Current regulator
bố trí cánh tản Arrangement of fins on a surface to aid cooling by
nhiệt improving the heat transfer rate, typical found on
air-cooled engines.
-Finning
bộ trợ lực phanh Apparatus which supplement the driver’s physical
effort in providing most of the force required for
braking, usually using vaccuum from the inlet
manifold.
-Brake servo
bộ trợ lực phanh Vacuum brake booster.
bằng chân không -Vacuum servo

506 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bộ trợ lực phanh Hydraulic pressure supplied by the power steering
bằng thủy lực pump, or a separate hydraulic pump, which is
used to assists in applying the brakes; used on
cars and on some lorries.
-Hydraulic brake booster
bộ trợ lực phanh Device directly connected to the master cylinder
chân không and mounted on the engine side of the bulkhead,
which uses engine manifold vacuum to produce
additional braking force. It is also called master
vac or vacuum servo.
-Vacuum brake booster
bộ trợ lực phanh Vacuum brake booster.
dùng chân không -Master vac (servo unit)
bộ trợ lực phanh Servo brake with one double-end wheel cylinder
kép and two linked self-energizing brake shoes.
-Duo-servo brake
bộ truyền động vi Limited-slip differential.
sai giới hạn trượt -No-spin differential

bộ truyền lực US gearbox.

-Transmission

bộ truyền lực cho Using the crankshaft or gearbox to drive ancillary

các thiết bị phụ equipment, such as a pump or generator (PTO).
-Power take-off

bộ vi sai Gears, which is assembled between two drive

shafts that permits one shaft to turn at a different
speed from the other, while it is transmitting
power.
-Differential

bộ vi sai bánh Differential which bevel gear for its main element,
răng nón which allows the input and output shaft to be at
right angles to one another.
-Bevel differential

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 507

 bộ vi sai bánh Differential in FWD vehicles incorporating spur
răng trụ tròn gears rather than bevel gears, since input and
output shafts are not at right angles.
-Spur differential

bộ vi sai cầu sau Differential situated in the final drive of the

transmission assembly in a conventional
rearwheel drive car.
-Rear (axle) differential.

bộ vi sai có khóa Differential with the facility for locking together the
two half shafts, thus putting the differential out of
action and greatly Improving traction.
-Locking differential

bộ vi sai có khóa Limited-spin differential.

chống quay -Traction differential

bộ vi sai có khớp Limited-slip differential using viscous couplings

nối nhớt as slip-inhibiting devices.
-Viscous coupling differential
bộ vi sai giới hạn Limited-slip differential incorporating multiple
trượt nhiều đĩa discs as locking or slip-inhibiting devices.
-Multiple-disc limited-slip differential
bộ vi sai phía Differential in the front axle of a four-wheel drive
trước vehicle.
-Front differential
bộ vi sai Torsen ‘Torque-sensing‘ differential system incorporating
a worm and roller mechanism.
-Torsen differential
bộ vi sai trung Limited-slip axle/ centre differential with an
tâm với ly hợp đa electronically operated multiple-disc clutch as a
đĩa slip-inhibiting device.
-Variable limited-slip axle/ centre differential

508 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bộ xông kính Demister.
-Defogger

bộ xúc tác Computer controlled catalytic converter.

-C-4 system

bộ xúc tác hai Catalytic converter which combines two

ngăn converters (with different catalysts) in a single
housing.
-Dual-bed catalytic converter

bộ xúc tác ba tác Catalytic converter for the simultaneous control of

dụng HC, CO, and NO, emissions.
-Three-way catalytic converter

bộ xúc tác ba chất Three-Way Catalyst.

tác dụng -TWC

bộ xúc tác ba tác Converter for the control of HC, CO, and
dụng NOx emissions, consisting of one three-
way catalyst; in combination with an oxygen
sensor, this type of converter ueilds the lowest
emission values.
-Single-bed 3-way catalytic converter

bộ xúc tác chu Present converter which does not use an oxygen-
trình hở sensor control system and thus operates without
feedback.
-Open-loop catalytic converter

bộ xúc tác điều System in which exhaust emissions are controlled

khiển bằng máy by close regulation of the a/ f ratio and by the use
tính of a three-way catalytic converter.
-Computer controlled catalytic converter

bộ xúc tác hai tác Oxidizing converter.

dụng -Two-way (catalytic) converter

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 509

 bộ xúc tác loại hạt The first type of automotive catalytic converter,
introduced in the USA in 1975.
-Pellet-type catalytic converter

bộ xúc tác một tác Converter with one catalyst bed for HC and CO
dụng control.
-Single-bed oxidizing converter

bộ xúc tác nhỏ Usually used as a primary catalytic converter

and installed close to the engine in the headpipe.
-Mini catalytic converter

bộ xúc tác sơ cấp Small converter positioned close to the engine

which quickly actives the necessary operating
temperature to reduce exhaust emissions during
the warm-up period.
-Primary (catalytic) converter

bộ xúc tác TWC The air/fuel mixture has to be carefully controlled

when using three-way catalytic converters.
-Three-way catalytic converters demand
close A/F control

bô-bin Coil.
-Ignition coil

bô-bin đánh lửa Type of ignition coil used in static high-voltage

trực tiếp distribution, designed as a double-spark or four-
spark coil.
-Multi-spark (ignition) coil

bô-bin đôi In a distributorless ignition system with an odd

number of cylinders; two cylinders require their
own ignition coils.
-Double-spark ignition coils

510 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bô-bin đơn In a distributorless ignition system with an odd
number of cylinders, each cylinder requires its
own ignition coil; distributor logic on the low-
voltage side performs the voltage distribution to
each coil.
-Single-spark ignition coil
bô-bin dùng cho Multi-spark (ignition) coil.
nhiều xi-lanh đánh -Multiple-spark (ignition) coil
lửa trực tiếp
bô-bin năng Coil which generates higher ignition voltage and/
lượng cao or offers increased spark efficiency; ballasted.
-High energy coil
bô-bin với hai Ignition coil with two primary windings and one
cuộn sơ và một secondary winding.
cuộn thứ -Four-spark ignition coil
bọc lại để cách To cover with non-conducting material, so as to
điện hoặc nhiệt prevent the transmission of heat, electricity or
sound.
-Insulate
bọc thép chống Made bullet-proof, e.g. with extra-thick body
đạn panels and glass.
-Armour-plated
bôi mỡ To lubricate or coat with grease.
-Grease nipple
bôi trơn To cover or treat with a lubricant.
-Lubricate
bôi trơn bằng Forced-feed lubrication.
bơm -Pump-fed lubrication.
bôi trơn cưỡng In 4-stroke engines, it is forced-feed lubrication.
bức In 2-stroke engines, it is lubrication system with
crankcase scavenging.
-Pressure lubrication

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 511

 bơm To add kinetic and potential energy to a liquid
for the purpose of moving it from one point to
another.
-Pump

bơm áp suất thấp Pump used for low total heads; in the case of
centrifugal pumps the low-pressure pump has a
nominal total head not exceeding 80m.
-Low-pressure pump or low-head pump.

bơm bánh răng Simplest oil pump with two-gear wheels.

-Gear pump

bơm bánh xe Inflate the tyres.

-Put some air in the tyres

bơm cánh con lăn Roller-vane pump.

-Roller-cell pump

bơm cánh quạt Centrifugal and side-channel pump.

-Impeller pump

bơm cánh trượt Ppositive displacement pump in which an eccentric

rô-to lệch tâm rotor revolves in an eccentric or circular case.
-Sliding-vane pump

bơm cao áp Pump which receives fuel from the fuel tank
(often through the fuel-feed pump in the case of
diesel engines) and delivers it under pressure to
the injectors.
-Fuel injection pump

bơm cao áp PE A kind of pump, which receives fuel from the fuel
tank (often through the fuel-feed pump in the case
of diesel engines) and delivers it under pressure
to the injectors.
-PE fuel injection pump

512 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bơm cao áp VE A kind of pump, which receives fuel from the fuel
tank (often through the fuel-feed pump in the case
of diesel engines) and delivers it under pressure
to the injectors.
-VE fuel injection pump
bơm chính truyền Engine-driven oil pump feeding pressurized oil to
động cơ cấp nhớt the transmission and hydraulic control system.
-Primary pump
bơm có cánh bên Pump with either an elliptic rotating piston or an
ngoài eccentrically mounted circular rotor.
-External vane pump
bơm có chất lỏng Pump whose motor compartment is filled with
đi qua phần động liquid; submersible pumps are generally classified
cơ as wet motor types.
-Wet motor
bơm dầu bôi trơn Pump which circulates oil under pressure to the
moving parts of an engine; normally bolted to
the crankcase and located in the sump; usually
a gear pump.
-Oil pump
bơm hai tầng Generally a centrifugal pump with two impellers
and diffusers arranged in series.
-Two-stage pump
bơm hoặc đẩy To pump or discharge (a liquid).
chất lỏng -Deliver
bơm hơi To fill with air.
-Inflate
bơm hướng tâm End-suction centrifugal pump with the liquid
flowing perpendicular to the pump shaft.
-Radial-flow pump

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 513

 bơm kiểu cánh Sliding-vane pump.
trượt -Internal vane pump
bơm ly tâm Centrifugal pump which develops its head partly
by centrifugal force and partly by the lift of the
vanes on the liquid.
-Mixed-flow pump
bơm ly tâm không A centrifugal pump which is unable to evacuate
tự mồi and prime the suction line without external
assistance. It is opposite to self-priming pump.
-Non-self-priming pump
bơm màng Glandless reciprocating pump which a flexible
diaphragm is moved backwards and forwards by
a solenoid or mechanically, used typically as a
fuel as a fuel pump on an engine.
-Diaphragm pump
bơm màng đôi Diaphragm pump with two diaphragms; if one
fails the other takes over its function.
-Twin diaphragm pump
bơm nạp kiểu pít- Either the function of the piston of the two-stroke
tông engine to pre-compress the fresh charge induced
into the crankcase, or a separate piston used in
earlier two-stroke engine designed to provide a
supercharging effect.
-Piston charging pump
bơm nhiên liệu Pump supplying, for example, fuel in regulated
quantities.
-Fuel pump
bơm nhiên liệu Electrically power petrol or diesel pump, drawing
bằng điện tử fuel from the bank and delivering it to the
carburetor or fuel injection system.
-Electronic fuel pump

514 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bơm nhiều lỗ hút Multi-suction pump.
-Multi-entry
bơm nhiều tầng Pump with two or more stages (impeller/
diffusers or other pumping elements) operating
in series.
-Multi-stage pump
bơm nhớt Pump used to supply oil to lubricating points,
particularly for plain bearings.
-Lubrication pump
bơm nhớt dạng Oil pump consisting of a reciprocating plunger in
pít-tông a ported chamber.
-Plunger pump
bơm nước In the cooling system, the mechanism that
circulates the coolant between the water jacket
and the radiator; usually a centrifugal pump,
located preferably in the cold leg of the circuit (to
reduce the risk of cavitation).
-Water pump
bơm nước làm Water pump.
mát -Coolant pump
bơm pít-tông có Pump whose suction and discharge branches
đường hút và are Arranged in line for direct installation into the
đường xả thẳng pipework; special foundations are unnecessary,
hàng and the absence of shaft couplings eliminates
alignment problems.
-In-line pump
bơm pít-tông Piston charging pump.
chuyển động tịnh -Reciprocating pump
tiến
bơm quay lệch Rotor-type pump.
tâm -Eccentric rotor pump

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 515

 bơm quay tròn Pump with rotating members.
-Rotary pump

bơm rôto Engine oil pump in which an internal rotor, e.g. with
four external lobes, is used to drive an eccentric
external gear, e. g. with five internal lobespaces;
operates in a similar way to gear pumps, but has
higher pump capacity, and is quieter and more
expensive.
-Rotor-type pump

bơm tăng áp kiểu A positive displacement compressor with

cam quay twolobed rotors.
-Lobe-type supercharger

bơm tăng áp loại Comprex pressure wave supercharger.

sóng áp suất -Pressure wave supercharger

bơm tăng nạp Typical lobe-type positive displacement

compressor; uses two two-lobed or three-lobed
internal rotors phased to prevent clashing of
the lobes by gears; normally driven from the
crankshaft by toothed or V-belts, can achieve
speeds up to 10,000 rpm; provides low-end torque
and boost without lag but is less fuel-efficient than
a turbocharger.
-Roots compressor or supercharger

bơm tăng tốc Carburetor device that improves acceleration by

injecting an additional amount of fuel when the
accelerator pedal is depressed.
-Accelerator pump

bơm thứ cấp dẫn Oil pump driven via the gearbox output shaft.
trục ra của hộp số -Secondary pump

516 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bơm thủy lực Engine driven pump which supplies oil under
pressure to operate, e.g. power brakes or power-
assisted steering.
-Hydraulic pressure pump
bơm trả nhớt từ An oil pump in a dry sump system which returns
các-te sang bình oil from the crankcase to the main oil reservoir.
chứa -Scavenging pump
bơm trợ lực lái Pump which supplies hydraulic pressure for the
power steering system.
-Power steering pump
bơm tự động mồi Pump which is able to evacuate and prime the
nước suction pipe. It is opposite to nonself-priming
pump.
-Self-priming pump.
bơm tuần hoàn Centrifugal pump designed to generate forced
circulation of a liquid in a closed system, e.g. a
water pump in an internal combustion engine.
-Circulating pump
bồn Process of immersion or the container used.
-Bath
bốn bánh chủ Four-wheel drive.
động -All-wheel drive
bốn bánh dẫn Layout in which all four wheels are driven, giving
động better traction on slippery surfaces such as mud
or grass, making it ideal for off-road vehicles
and also giving better adhesion and handling for
road use.
-Four-wheel drive (4WD or FWD).
bồn chứa sơn lót Bath containing the primer.
-Primer bath
bốn kỳ Four-stroke.
-Four-cycle

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 517

 bồn mạ Bath for hot-dip galvanizing or electro-galvanizing.
-Galvanizing bath
bồn oxít hóa a-nốt Tank in which the anodising process is performed.
-Anodizing bath or tan
bốn thì Operating in accordance with the four-stroke cycle.
-Four-stroke
bốn xú-páp (engine or cylinder head) With two inlet and two
exhaust valves per cylinder and any number of
cylinders.
-Four-valve
bong bề mặt bạc Flaking of the surface of a bearing.
lót -Spalling
bồng bềnh do lực Aerodynamic force caused by greater pressure
khí động above the car than below it and having the effect
of loss of traction and stability; (counteracted by a
suitable spoiler).
-Lift
bóng đèn Gas-filled, glass envelope (often pearshaped if
not actually pear-sized) containing a thin metal
filament which lights up when an electric current
is passed through it.
-Bulb
bóng đèn hai đầu Light bulb in the form of a small glass tube with
cắm caps at each end providing the contacts.
-Festoon bulb
bóng đèn hai tim Light bulb with two filaments, either a headlamp
bulb with one for the main beam and another above
it for the dipped beam, or a stop and tail light bulb
with one for the brake light and one for the rear light.
-Couble filament bulb

518 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bóng đèn bị cháy Blackening of the bulb glass due to metal vapour
deposition, often indicator that the bulb is about
to fail.
-Bulb blackening
bóng đèn halogen Bulb containing a trace of a halogen, such as
iodine.
-Halogen bulb
bóng đèn hỏng Bulb blackening.
-Blackening
bóng đèn sáng Discharge lamp in which light is generated by gas
nhờ phóng khí discharge.
-Gas discharge lamp
bóng đèn thạch High intensity headlight bulb with a trace of a
anh halogen halogen gas (such as iodine) in a quartz envelope.
-Quartz-halogen bulb
bóng đèn trang trí Festoon bulb.
-Linear (source) lamp
bóng đèn von- A quartz-halogen bulb with a tungsten filament.
fam-halogen -Tungsten-halogen bulb
bong sơn Situation in which one coat of finish peels off or
can easily be stripped off with masking tape from
another layer underneath.
-Intercoat adhesion failuren
bong sơn do tác Roughening or disintegration of the paint surface,
động môi trường which can occur on small patches or over a wide
area, through attack from bird droppings, screen
washer fluid, industrial fall out, etc..
-Etching
bong tróc Bubble in the paintwork cause by trapped moisture
or air under the paint or by rust.
-Blister

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 bong tróc ra từng To come or peel off in thin pieces (flakes).
lớp mỏng -Flake (off)
bột nhám làm Relatively abrasive paste used to bring up the
bóng sơn shine of paint finishes which dry dull or have gone
dull due to neglect.
-Cutting compound
bột nhám mài xú- An abrasive compound used for refacing valve
páp và đế xú-páp seats.
-Valve grinding compound
bột nhôm cho bộ Tiny beads of alumina used in some catalytic
xúc tác converters.
-Alumina beads
bột pôliurêtan Powder used for electrostatic powder coating.
-Polyurethane powder
bột sơn tĩnh điện Powder used for electrostatic powder coating.
-Polyester powder
bu-gi Sparking plug.
-Plug
bu-gi bị phủ muội Carbon-fouled sparking plug.
than -Sooted or sooty plug
bu-gi chống gây Fully shielded and resistor sparking plugs.
nhiễu vô tuyến -Suppressed sparking plugs
bu-gi có điện cực Sparking plug with a V-shaped side electrode.
bìa dạng chữ V -Split electrode sparking plug
bu-gi đế bằng Seat of a sparking plug which is sealed by means
of a gasket.
-Flat seat
bu-gi điện cực Sparking plug with a platinum centre electrode.
bạch kim -Platinum sparking plug.

520 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bu-gi không có Type of sparking plug in which the spark is
điện cực bìa fired across the insulator surface between the
centre electrode and the shell; there is no side
electrode.
-Surface gap sparking plug

bu-gi nguội Sparking plug with a short insulator nose, which

absorbs less heat and dissipates heat quickly.
-Cold sparking plug

bu-gi nóng Sparking plug with a long insulator nose, which

absorbs more heat and dissipates it slowly, which
is opposite to cold sparking plug.
-Hot sparking plug

bu-gi xông cực Single-pole glow plug having a tubular heating

element with a heating coil or a heating and
regulator coil enclosed in a thermally conductive
insulator ceramic.
-Sheathed-type glow plug

bu-gi xông hai Double-pole glow plug with an unsheathed wire

cực loop; now superseded by sheathed-type glow
plugs.
-Wire glow plug

bu-gi xông có dây Wire glow plug.

nhiệt hở -Open coil or open element glow plug

bu-gi xông có dây Glow plug having an exposed coil with a high
nung nhiều vòng number of turns.
-Spiral-type glow plug

bu-gi xông khí Glow plug that preheats the intake air by burning
nạp a small quantity of precisely metered fuel.
-Flame glow plug

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 521

 bu-gi xông máy The most important component in a preheating
system of a diesel engine, used to preheat the
intake air or the combustion chamber when the
engine is cold, also called heater plug.
-Glow plug
bu-gi xông máy Sheathed-type glow plug.
loại ống -Pencil-type glow plug
bu-gi xông tự điều Originally sheathed-type glow plugs with a self-
chỉnh nhiệt regulating heating coil, now with a heating and
regulating coil.
-Self-regulating sheathed-type glow plug
bu-lông đầu tròn Round head (bolt).
-Button head
bu-lông thân xe Mushroom-headed bolt with a square neck which
holds it in position in a square hole.
-Carriage bolt
bu-lông và đai ốc Bolt or nut holding the cylinder head down.
nắp quy lát -Cylinder head bolt or nut
bu-lông với vòng Bolt with a plain washer trapped under its head.
đệm giữ chặt đầu -Bolt with captive plain washer
bu-lông xuyên Generally, any bolt which is inserted through the
parts of an assembly and secured on the other
side by a nut. Specifically, one of the two long
bolts that bolts the starter or alternator assembly
together.
-Through bolt
búa Hand tool with a metal head on a handle, used for
beating metal and driving in nail.
-Hammer
búa của thợ gò Panel beater’s hammer.
-Planishing hammer

522 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 búa đầu có rãnh Wide-nose peen hammer.
-Grooving hammer
búa đầu đồng Hammer with a round head made of copper, used
on items which would be damaged by the use of a
harder steel hammer, such as knock-off hubcaps
or spinners.
-Copper-faced hammer
búa đầu nhọn Hammer with a round head for conventional
planishing and a small pick-shaped head for
working away in sharp or tight corners. It is not
to be confused with a bullet-point pick hammer,
which has a more blunt pick, nor with peen
hammer.
-Pick hammer
búa đầu nhọn và Widely used type of body hammer with a pointed
vòm end on one side and a shallow domed end for
finishing on the other side.
-Pick and finishing hammer
búa đầu nhựa Tool for striking objects without marking; usually
has replaceable screw-in faces made of plastic,
nylon, or rubber.
-Soft face hammer
búa đầu tam giác Body hammer with a peen of triangular section
with a fairly sharply shaped end.
-Peen hammer
búa đầu tròn Hammer with a head having one flat and one
rounded end.
-Ball peen hammer
búa gò Hammer for coarse hammer work on bodies,
used with dollies.
-Bumping hammer

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 523

 búa gỗ đầu nhựa Mallet with a rubber head.
-Rubber mallet
búa gò thân xe Hammer for knocking out dents.
-Body hammer
búa làm đồng Hammer used for detail work in shaping a panel
after it has been brought roughly into the right
shape.
-Finish hammer
búa nhổ đinh Hammer with two curved prongs at the back of
the head for extracting nails, etc.
-Claw hammer
búa ni lông Soft face hammer with a nylon face.
-Nylon hammer
búa thợ máy có Ball peen hammer.
một đầu tròn -Machinists’ hammer
búa trượt Tool with a long round shaft on which a hammer
weight slides; the force is produced by quickly
moving the weight towards the end of the shaft
used for loosening or pulling off tight parts; often
used in combination with pullers.
-Slide hammer
bụi sơn Fogging caused in the course of spray painting;
part of this settles as overspray on adjacent
panels and nearby objects.
-Spray mist
bu-lông Piece of metal bar with a screw thread and a
usually hexagon head, for use with a nut or for
screwing into a part with a matching female
thread.
-Bolt

524 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 bu-lông bánh xe Bolts which are screwed into threaded holes in
the wheel hub or at the axle flange; common on
passenger car wheels and one-piece commercial
vehicle wheels.
-Wheel bolt
bu-lông chìm Bolt with a mushroom head underneath which it
has a square neck which holds it in a matching
square recess, e.g. in wood, so that a spanner is
only needed for the nut.
-Coach bolt
bu-lông chữ U U-bolt.
-Stirrup bolt
bu-lông có lỗ để Bolt with an eye in place of a head, through which
móc cáp a cable can be passed, e.g. for lifting purposes.
-Eyebolt
bu-lông đầu bát Bolt with an eight-sided head.
giác -Octagonal (head) bolt
bu-lông đầu có gờ Bolt with a flanged head.
-Flange bolt
bu-lông đầu to One of the bolts fixing the big-end cap to the
thanh truyền connecting rod.
-Big-end bolt
bu-lông đầu tròn General term including cup head bolts and
mushroom head bolts.
-Round head bolt.
bu-lông định vị Through bolt.
-Anchor bolt
bu-lông hình Metal bar in the shape of a U, threaded at both
chữ U ends and often with a bridging piece to close the
circle; used to secure leaf springs, exhaust pipes,
ring bolts, shackles, etc.
-U-bolt.

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 525

 bu-lông lục giác Bolt with a sixsided head.
-Hexagon bolt or hex bolt.
bùng binh Road junction where the traffic goes round a raised
central circle. In US English, which is traffic circle.
-Roundabout
bước ren Axial distance of adjacent threads measured
between corresponding thread points; the pitch of
single-start threads equals the lead.
-Pitch
bước ren thô Screw thread with relatively wide gaps between
the threads, and hence fewer threads for a given
length of screw.
-Coarse-thread
búi dây điện Vehicle wiring bound in a protective sheath, which
aids installation as an integrated unit.
-Wiring harness or wiring loom
bướm ga Throttle valve in a tube, especially a carburettor
air intake, comprising a disc pivoted along its
diameter.
-Butterfly valve
bướm ga mở Full throttle.
hoàn toàn -Full bore
bướm ga mở lớn Wide open throttle.
-Wot
bướm gió Device which restricts the amount of air entering
the carburetor in order to enrich the mixture when
starting the engine and running cold.
-Choke
bướm gió tự động Device in the carburetor intake which positions
the choke valve automatically in accordance with
engine temperature or time.
-Automatic choke

526 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 buồng áp thấp Pneumatic actuator that converts air pressure
differences into a regulating short-stroke
movement; the circular, flat capsule has a spring-
loaded diaphragm with a lever attached.
-Vacuum capsule or chamber
buồng bơm Precompression chamber.
-Pumping chamber
buông chân ga Close the throttle in order to slow down.
-Take one’s foot off the accelerator
buồng cháy Space between the top of the piston and the cylinder
head, in which the air/ fuel mixture is burned.
-Combustion chamber
buồng cháy chính With diesel engines, the fuel may be injected in
three different locations: in the prechamber, the
swirl chamber, or the main combustion chamber
(for direct injection engines), depending on the
process used.
-Main combustion chamber
buồng cháy có Combustion chamber with a circular, rounded
hình bán cầu internal shape to ensure a smooth propagation
of the flame front during the combustion process.
-Hemispherical combustion chamber
buồng cháy dạng Combustion chamber design developed by Swiss
cầu engineer Michael May and introduced on Jaguar’s
V-12 engine in 1981.
-Fireball combustion chamber.
buồng cháy động The traditional two-stroke engine design
cơ hai kỳ có ba incorporating the inlet port connecting the
cửa crankcase to the atmosphere, the transfer port
connecting the crankcase to the combustion
chamber, and the exhaust port to evacuate the
spent gas from combustion chamber. The term is
used even if the three-port types are in pairs.
-Three-piece alloy wheel

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 527

 buồng cháy hình The combustion chamber of an internal combustion
cầu engine equipped with reciprocating pistons is ideally
very compact in design, i. e. without gaps, grooves,
edges, etc. ; the most favourable design would thus
be a sphere but the valves of a four-stroke engine
make this impossible. The combustion chamber in
diesel engines, however, is located in the piston
crown, where it is in fact spherical.
-Spherical combustion chamber
buồng cháy hình L-shaped combustion chamber.
chữ L - L-head
buồng cháy hình Woven nylon strap used for seal belts.
nêm -Wedge combustion chamber
buồng cháy kiểu Combustion chamber whose top is angled like a
vát nghiêng roof.
-Pent-roof combustion chamber
buồng cháy với Special design of a four-stroke engine, in which
hai đường xoáy the intake valves are arranged in such a way as to
lốc ensure that the gas flow ends in two separate swirl;
this design improves swirl and thus enhances
combustion of the fuel / air mixture within cylinder.
-Swirl combustion chamber
buồng cháy xoáy Small chamber or cavity in the cylinder head to
lốc promote swirl in the indirect injection combustion
system of a diesel engine.
-Swirl chamber
buồng đốt phụ (Of indirect injection diesel engines) small upper
chamber in the cylinder head, connected to the
main combustion chamber by a narrow passage;
fuel is injected into the prechamber (also called
swirl chamber) where it is ignited before spreading
to the main chamber.
-Prechamber

528 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 buồng giãn nở Assembly beneath the folded air bag, consisting
trong gối hơi of a combustion chamber with a bridge igniter, a
detonator and a priming charge surrounded by
the solid propellant, and a metal filter.
-Inflator (unit)
buồng hòa trộn That part of a carburettor distinct from the float
chế hòa khí chamber both in function and layout, in which the
air and the fuel mix as they meet.
-Mixing chamber
buồng hơi Pressure chamber of a single-tube shock
absorber.
-Gas chamber
buồng hút của bộ Space above the piston in the piston chamber of
chế hòa khí a variable venturi carburettor.
-Suction chamber
buồng khí hậu Test chamber which can reproduce extremes
nhân tạo of temperature and humidity, as well as artificial
ultraviolet rays.
-Climatic chamber
buồng lái Area comprising the driver’s seat and all instruments
and controls especially in a racing car.
-Cockpit
buồng nạp Plenum chamber.
-Intake plenum
buồng nén phụ Chamber below the piston in a two-stroke
hai kỳ engine in which the fuel/air/oil mixture is initially
compressed in order to enable more fresh charge
to be fed into the cylinder.
-Pre-compression chamber
buồng phun muối Test chamber for salt spray (fog) testing.
để thử nghiệm xe -Salt spray chamber

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 529

 buồng thải động Part of the two-stroke exhaust system designed
cơ 2 kỳ to maintain a specified back pressure.
-Exhaust chamber
các bàn đạp The accelerator pedal, brake pedal and clutch
pedal.
-Pedals
các bước khi sơn The various steps involved in repainting a
lại xe cũ secondhand car.
-Paint refinishing
các mạch điện Primary circuit and secondary circuit.
trong hệ thống -Ignition circuits
đánh lửa
các nguyên tố hóa One of the chemical elements fluorine, chlorine,
học dãy halogen bromine, iodine, or astatine.
-Halogen
các ống bên hông Non functional side pipes fitted for decorative
để làm đẹp xe purposes only.
-Lake pipes
các phụ tải gắn Components placed close to or fitted on the
trên động cơ engine, such as alternator, power steering pump,
supercharger, fuel pump and water pump, and
driven by the engine.
-Ancillaries
các xú-páp đặt Inlet and exhaust valves with parallel valves
song song stems.
-Parallel valves
các-te Part of the engine that house the crankshaft
(and usually the oil pump) and carries the sump,
typically made of cast iron and in one piece with
the engine block.
-Crankcase

530 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 các-te dầu Metal bowl (usually of sheet steel or cast alloy)
attached to the bottom of the crankcase, into which
oil drains to form a reservoir; typically carries one
gallon of motor oil. In US English, it is oil pan.
-Sump
các thông số Used in the context of emission controls for
động cơ those engine characteristics sensitive to engine
performance, such as power/ bhp, general engine
performance and fuel economy.
-Engine parameters
cacbua silic Material of excellent abrasion and corrion resistance
used in bearings and mechanical seals.
-Silicon carbide
các-te bánh đà Circular housing between the crankcase and
gearbox containing the flywheel and clutch, or
the torque converter in the case of automatic
transmission.
-Bell housing
cái bàn kẹp để Locking clamp with U-shaped jaws (which allow
hàn more visibility and working space), used to hold
panels, bars, tubes, etc.
-Welding clamp
cái bay Hand-held tool used to apply body filler to a
damaged area prepared for filling.
-Spreader
cái bơm bánh xe Tyre pump operated by the foot.
đạp chân -Foot pump
cái bơm mỡ Hand pump tool used for lubricating with grease.
-Grease gun
cái bướu niềng Raised portion on the rim bead seat of passenger
car wheels, retaining the beads of an insufficiently
inflated tubeless tyre on the bead seats, thereby
preventing the tyre beads from jumping into the
rim well.
-Hump

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 531

 cái bướu tròn trên Safety contour on both rim bead seats preventing
niềng xe the tyre from sliding into the rim well.
-Round hump

cái cản xe Previously a separate metal bar or blade at the

front or rear of a vehicle, now a reinforced impact-
absorbing plastic moulding faired in to the bodywork
and absorbing impacts, at least at low speeds.
-Bumper

cái cảo Special tool for extracting bearings, bushes and

sleeves from housings and blind holes.
-Extractor

cái dùi Tool with a sharp point and a fluted blade for
piercing holes.
-Awl

cái giũa Flat or rounded tool with a rough surface of

hardened steel for removing metal with the aim of
smoothing or shaping it.
-File

cái giũa bằng Tapered file cut on all faces and with rectangular
cross section, for shaping metal.
-Flat file

cái giũa khe răng Key file.

chìa khóa -Warding file

cái giũa ren Tool for restoring internal or external threads by

filing.
-Thread file

cái giũa thô File for the rapid removal of large amounts of
material in a first rough shaping stage.
-Coarse file

532 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cái kẹp Fastening which holds an item or items in its jaws
by strong pressure.
-Clamp

cái kẹp bánh xe Wheel clamp.

-Boot

cái kẹp búi dây Longitudinal molding that guides and concealed
wiring.
-Wiring trough
cái kẹp hình Self-grip locking clamp with extra long C-shaped
chữ C jaws.
-Long-reach C-clamp.
cái kẹp hình Screw-activated clamping device in the shape of
chữ G a G.
-G-clamp
cái kẹp ống Adjustable steel band (or wire) for securing rubber
hoses to metal pipes.
-Hose clip or hose clamp
cái khoá bánh xe Device attached to the wheel of a parked car to
chống trộm prevent it being driven away; used as an anti-
theft device if attached privately, and a means
of ensuring payment of a fine (to the authority to
have the device removed) if parked illegally. In
US English, it is denver boot.
-Wheel clamp
cái khóa cần chọn Locks the selector lever in ‘Neutral’ or ‘Park’
số unless the dirver depresses the brake pedal.
-Selector lever lock
cái lã ống Tool used to remove burrs on tubes, e.g. after a
tube cutter is used when servicing the brake line
system.
-Tubing reamer

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 533

 cái lọc Filter or separator.
-Trap
cái mồi thuốc lá Electric, Push-button device on the dashboard
trong xe which, when depressed, produces a red-hot
filament for lighting cigarettes, etc.
-Lighter
cái nạo băng Small plastic implement for scraping frost and ice
away from windscreens and windows.
-Ice scraper
cái quạt Device with a number of blades mounted in a
central hub, which can move air as it turns.
-Fan
cái trống phanh Circular container, especially a brake drum.
-Drum
calíp đo trong có Inside caliper with spring for accurate setting.
lò xo giữ -Inside spring caliper
cam Rotating part with a projection or projections
(called lobes) used to push another part at
precisely defined intervals.
-Cam
cảm biến Any device that receives and reacts to a signal,
such as a change in voltage, temperature or
pressure.
-Sensor
cảm biến tốc độ
động cơ In most cases, a magnetic pick-up that scans
the flywheel teeth and produces one output
signal per scanned tooth, or a hall generator in
the distributor, whose signals are passed to the
electronic control unit.
-Engine speed sensor

534 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cảm biến áp suất Sensor mounted above the oil filter that supplies
dầu bôi trơn information on the engine oil pressure to the
corresponding warning light.
-Oil pressure sensor
cảm biến áp suất Sensor which transmits data referring to the inlet
tuyệt đối trên manifold vacuum to the engine controller.
đường ống nạp -Manifold absolute pressure sensor (MAP)
cảm biến báo vỡ Part of a vehicle alarm system that detects glass
kính being struck or broken.
-Glass tampering detector
cảm biến bướm A switch with two contacts for the two end positions
ga of the throttle valve, which sends a signal to the
electronic control unit when the throttle valve is
closed (idle) or wide open (full load) (TPS).
-Throttle position sensor
cảm biến chân Sensor which detects changes in manifold
không pressure; such changes indicate the need for an
adjustment in A/F mixture and electronic spark
timing to maintain efficient engine operation.
-Vacuum sensor
cảm biến điện từ Magnetic pick up assembly.
loại nam châm -Induction-type pulse generator
đứng yên
cảm biến điện từ Pulse generator consisting of a stator with a
nam châm đứng permanent magnet and a rotor, which induces
yên an AC voltage in the inductive winding by the
periodical change of the air gap between stator
and rotor.
-Magnetic pick-up (assembly)
cảm biến điều Sensor which triggers the air bag when a certain
khiển túi khí degree of deceleration is exceeded, i.e. in a
severe frontal crash.
-Airbag control sensor

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 535

 cảm biến đo áp Sensor in an engine management system
suất khí quyển providing information on ambient barometric
pressure for the adjustment of mixture etc., which
is important for the maintenance of good engine
performance at different altitudes.
-Barometric pressure sensor or baro
cảm biến đo áp Sensor located in the choke tube which sends
suất tại bướm ga a signal to the ignition control unit according to
pressure conditions, and the control unit then
adjusts the ignition timing for optimum performance.
-Boost sensor
cảm biến đo áp Sensor which transmits data referring to the inlet
suất tuyệt đối trên manifold vacuum to the engine controller.
đường ống nạp -Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor
cảm biến đo gió Constant temperature hotwire sensing device,
loại dây nhiệt used in electronic fuel injection systems, which
measures the rate of a mass airflow into the
engine by measuring the current needed to keep
the hot wireat the same temperature.
-Hot-wire airflow meter
cảm biến đo khối Device for measuring the mass flow of air into an
lượng khí nạp engine (MAF).
-Mass airflow meter
cảm biến gia tốc A suspended mass type sensor used in new
air bag systems; avoids the ecological roblems
associated with the earlier mercury type switches.
-Hamlin switch
cảm biến góc độ Horizontal angle between the plane of a steered
tay lái wheel when cornering, and the plane when
adjusted straight ahead: Góc lái; steering angle
sensor.
-Steering angle
cảm biến Hall Hall generator.
-Hall-effect sensor

536 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cảm biến Hall loại Switch that makes use of the Hall effect.
cánh chắn -Hall vane switch
cảm biến khoảng Instrument that senses the distance between
sáng gầm xe ground and car (for self-levelling air suspension).
-Ground clearance sensor
cảm biến không Sensor which monitors the air quantity inside the
khí trong xe car, checks it for the presence of pollutants, and
operates flaps to cut off the external air to the air
conditioning system if the pollutant concentration
is too high.
-Air sensor
cảm biến kích nổ Sensor mounted near the cylinder bores in the
cylinder block, used to detect engine knocking
and to retard the ignition correspondingly in order
to prevent engine damage.
-Detonation sensor
cảm biến lưu Sensor in an electronically controlled fuel
lượng khí nạp injection system which has a flat that is deflected
by the intake air and thus governs the amount of
fuel delivered; it also incorporates a temperature
sensor.
-Mass airflow sensor
cảm biến mực dầu Oil level sensor.
-Low oil sensor
cảm biến mực dầu Sensor mounted in the sump that supplies
bôi trơn information on the engine oil level to the
corresponding on the engine oil level to the
corresponding gauge.
-Oil level sensor
cảm biến mực Level sensor in the fuel tank, providing information
nhiên liệu to the fuel gauge.
-Fuel tank sensor

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 537

 cảm biến nhiệt An electrical temperature sensor which, in contrast
điện trở to a thermocouple, needs an external voltage
supply; the actual sensing element is a resistor
whose resistance is an accurate indication of
temperature.
-Resistance thermometer

cảm biến nhiệt độ Sensor used to a monitor the temperature of the

động cơ engine, not identical with the coolant temperature
sensor.
-Engine temperature sensor
cảm biến nhiệt độ A device, which measures the temperature of the
khí nạp intake air.
-Intake air temperature sensor
cảm biến nhiệt độ Switch which delays compressor action in an air-
môi trường conditioning system when the outside temperature
is low.
-Ambient temperature switch
cảm biến nhiệt độ Sensor usually on the bottom of the radiator
nước làm mát connected to the temperature gauge.
-Coolant temperature sensor
cảm biến oxy Sensor which measures the amount of oxygen
remaining in the exhaust gases. It is usually called
a lambda sensor.
-Oxygen sensor
cảm biến oxy có Heated Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensor.
dây nung -HEGOS
cảm biến tỉ lệ A/F A sensor that measures the ratio of air and fuel in
the mixture.
-Air fuel ratio sensor
cảm biến tốc độ Electronic device for picking up the rotational
bánh xe speed of a wheel in order to inform the processing
unit of an ASR or ABS system.
-Wheel speed sensor.

538 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cảm biến tốc độ Engine speed sensor.
động cơ -RPM sensor
cảm biến trục Magnetic pick-up attached to the flywheel for
khuỷu sensing the crankshaft position and transferring the
signal to the electronic control unit, which calculates
the ignition point; the reference mark sensor scans
a pin or a hole in the flywheel and produces one
output signal per crankshaft revolution.
-Reference mark sensor (crankshaft
position sensor)
cảm biến va chạm Crash sensor.
-Impact sensor
cảm biến vị trí On fuel injection, switch with two contacts for
bướm ga the two end positions of the throttle valve,
which sends a signal to the electronic control
unit when the throttle valve is closed (idle) or
wide open (full load).
-Throttle position sensor
cảm biến vị trí Sensor which transmits data on the exact position
trục khuỷu of the crankshaft to the engine management
system for accurate ignition timing.
-Crankshaft position sensor
cam chỉnh phanh Cam in a drum brake which acts on the shoes to
trống take up the adjustment, i.e. bring the shoes closer
to the drum.
-Adjuster cam
cam đội In US English, it is labouring.
-Lugging
cam đội vít lửa A cam at the top of the distributor shaft with as
many lobes as there are cylinders, acting on the
heel of the contact breaker arm.
-Distributor cam

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 539

 cam đóng xú-páp Cam/ rocker which is used to close the valve in
desmodromic valve operation; unlike conventional
valve control systems, in which the valves are
closed by the valve spring.
-Closing cam rocker

cam nạp The cam responsible for the actuation of the inlet
valve in DOHC engines.
-Inlet cam (shaft)

cam phanh cố Drum brake in which the cam is rigidly mounted

định in the backplate.
-Fixed-cam brake

cảm ứng điện từ A phenomenon, in which electric is produced by

magnetic flux changing.
-Electromagnetic induction

cảm ứng tương Takes place when a current in one winding

hỗ induces an EMF in another winding in the same
magnetic circuit.
-Mutual inductance

cam vít lửa Cam that turns on the distributor shaft and has as
many lobes as there are engine cylinders.
-Breaker cam

cân bằng bánh lái Measures the steering wheel angle in an

automatic steering wheel centring system.
-Steering wheel balance

cân bằng động Balancing the wheel after it has been removed
bánh xe ngoài xe from the car. It is opposite to on-the-car balancing.
-Off-the-car balancing

cân bằng động Balancing the wheel whilst it is still attached to the
bánh xe trên xe car. It is opposite to off-the-car balancing.
-On-the-car balancing

540 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cân bằng tĩnh Checking a wheel’s balance by seeing if it stops in
bánh xe the same position when rotated; if it does, a small
weight is attached to the rim opposite the heavy
area (i.e. opposite the bottom of the wheel when
it stops rotating). A tyre and wheel assembly is
in static balance when the weight of the wheel is
evenly distributed around the axis of rotation. It is
opposite to dynamic balancing.
-Static balancing
cân bằng trọng Balance weight.
lượng -Balancing weight
cân chỉnh Marking the measuring units on an instrument or
checking their accuracy.
-Calibration
cân chỉnh động To adjust an engine to obtain optimum performance;
cơ e.g. adjustment of the ignition timing, valve
clearances and the carburettor’s idling circuit, and
servicing of the distributor and sparking plugs.
-Tune (up)
cần chọn số Automatic gearbox lever which permits the driver
to adapt the gearchanging processes to particular
road or driving conditions (slippery road surface,
hilly terrain, towing) by choosing one of the drive
ranges; reverse, neutral, and parking lock are
also selected by means of the selector lever.
-Selector lever
cần chọn số trong Inside an automatic gearbox lever which connects
hộp số tự động the selector lever cable to the manual valve of the
control valve body.
-Shift lever
cần dẫn động Arm connecting the diaphragm to the contact
breaker platform in a vacuum advance
mechanism.
-Actuator arm

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 541

 cần dẫn hướng A forged lever attached to the steering knuckle
and to one of the tie rods.
-Steering arm
cần đánh lửa Ignition initiated by an electric spark in a spark
ignition engine.
-Spark ignition
cần đánh lửa sớm The spark is occurring too late.
hơn -The ignition needs more advance
cặn dầu bôi trơn Thick deposits in the sump and elsewhere, of
dirt and the products of combustion, partial
combustion and oxidation of the oil (e.g. carbon
particles, unburned hydrocarbons and oxides).
-Oil sludge
cần đẩy Lever which rotates around a shaft pushing down
(opening) the valve with one end while the other
end is pushed up by the pushrod; the valve is
closed again by spring pressure.
-Rocker (arm)
cần đẩy guốc Lever which spreads the brake shoes outward; the
phanh long end is connected to the parking brake shoe
and to a push bar which acts on the other shoe.
-Parking brake lever
cần đẩy ly hợp Lever one end of which presses on the clutch
release bearing, the other being actuated
mechanically or hydraulically by the clutch pedal.
-Clutch release lever
cần đẩy trống Device in a drum brake system (either hydraulic
phanh or mechanical) which forces the shoes apart into
contact with the drum.
-Expander
cần đẩy trong rơ- Component used in pre-engaged starter motors
le gài khớp máy to force the pinion against the flywheel ring gear.
khởi động -Shift lever

542 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cần đẩy xi-lanh Rod which actuates the primary piston in a master
cái cylinder or power brake.
-Pushrod
cần điều chỉnh Knob or lever to adjust the position of the front seats.
ghế -Seat adjuster
cần điều khiển Gear change layout with the gear lever mounted
sang số trước in and protruding from the dashboard.
bảng đồng hồ -Dashboard gear change
cần gạt nước Electrically operated arm with a (renewable)
rubber or plastic blade that wipes a windscreen
clear of rain, snow, etc. ; activated by a switch or
lever on the instrument panel or control stalk.
-Windscreen wiper
cán giũa Handle, now usually of plastic, which may be
attached to the end of a file.
-File handle

cần khởi động To start a motorcycle engine by kicking a pedal

downwards.
-Kick start

cân lửa Maintenance work performed at idle by means

of a timing light, to align the timing marks of the
engine.
-Ignition timing

cân lửa động Modern timing procedure using a timing light

which is controlled by the ignition pulse for the
first cylinder and whose flashing beam is directed
onto the timing marks, the rotating mark appearing
fixed due to the stroboscopic effect, and indicating
ignition advance or retard by its position in front of
or behind the fixed timing mark.
-Dynamic ignition timing

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 543

 cần nạy vỏ xe Special automotive tool used to remove and
install tyres by level action or to prize off parts. In
US English, which is iron.
-Tyre lever
cần nhả ly hợp Clutch release lever with a forked end which
presses on the release bearing to disengage the
clutch.
-Clutch fork
cần phanh tay Foot-operated pedal for the parking brake.
-Parking brake pedal
cần sang số Selector fork.
-Shift(er) fork
cần sang số đặt Gearchange with the gear lever mounted on the
trên sàn xe floor.
-Floor (gear) change
cần siết Tool, typically in the form of a bar, for turning
sockets to loosen and tighten nuts and bolts, with
a male square drive inserted into a female square
drive of sockets for the turning operation.
-Drive handle
cần siết hai chiều Drive handle with ratchet mechanism that
permits the socket to rotate in one direction
only, i.e. the ratchet releases in one direction,
but catches in the other.
-Ratchet
cần siết có đầu Wrench that does not have the usual square drive
tuýp thay đổi for use with sockets, but is designed to accept
được special interchangeable heads.
-Interchangeable head torque wrench
cần siết dùng cho Bent ring spanner for reaching around manifold
những vùng động and other obstacles to work on parts with difficult
cơ khó luồn tay access, such as starter or alternators.
-Obstruction spanner

544 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cần siết hơi hoặc Pneumatic or electric tool for use with impact
điện sockets.
-Impact wrench
cần siết khớp nối Part used with socket spanners inserted between
a socket and drive handle, which allow access to
nuts or bolt heads in deeply recessed or otherwise
confined areas.
-Extension bar or piece
cần siết lực Spanner with a device for measure the amount of
torque applied on a nut or bolt; used for threaded
fasteners with a critical tightening torque, such as
cylinder head bolts, alloy wheel lugs, suspension
links, etc.
-Torque spanner
cần siết lực có Torque wrench which measures torque applied
đồng hồ hiển thị while the nut or bolt is being tightened and
indicates the value on a calibrated dial.
-Dial torque wrench
cần siết lực có Click-type torque wrench.
thang đo dạng -Micrometer (type) torque wrench
vạch chia
cần siết lực tự Torque wrench design to apply predetermined
động torque, to which it is preset, automatically
releasing once the setting is reached; the release
action is normally accompanied by an audible
click and/ or visible signal.
-Click-type torque wrench
cần siết mềm Drive-handle with pivoting head for use with
sockets, its length giving good leverage and its
ability to bend giving access to difficult locations.
-Flexible (drive) handle
cần siết nụ Socket driver.
-Nut driver or spinner

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 545

 cần siết tuýp Spanner with socket end(s) or a drive tool
combined with a socket.
-Socket spanner

cần số Stick used by the driver to change to gear in a

manual gearbox. In US English, which is gearshift,
shifter, shift lever.
-Gear level or gearstick

cần số trong hộp Lever that selects the gear in an automatic

số tự động gearbox.
-Gear selector

cần tách ly hợp Clutch release lever.

-Release lever

cẩn trọng với lỗi Taking into account the likelihood of mistakes
của tài xế that could be made by other drivers and driving
accordingly.
-Defensive driving

cần trục nhấc Structure with an overhead beam, used for lifting
động cơ out an engine.
-Gantry

cần trục nhỏ nâng Small crane for lifting an engine out of a motor
động cơ vehicle, formerly incorporating a block and tackle,
but now usually hydraulically operated.
-Engine hoist

cần trung gian Relay rod.

-Intermediate rod

cần vít búa Arm in the distributor or which the moving contact
is mounted.
-Contact arm

546 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cản xe Front end (and also sometimes the rear end) of a
car which is designed so that it can give way in a
crash in order to absorb as much as possible of
the impact.
-Crumple zone

càng cắt ly hợp Clutch release lever with a forked end which
presses on the release bearing to disengage the
clutch.
-Clutch fork

càng cua gạt số Part of the selector mechanism of a manual

trong hộp số gearbox, shaped like a two-pronged fork, which
fits into the groove round a coupling sleeve and
moves a sliding pinion forward or back along a
selector rod.
-Selector fork
càng đẩy chống Bar between the shoes in a drum brake.
trống phanh -Push bar

cạnh bên của Vertical part of the box section of a side member.
thanh dọc khung -Sidewall
xe

canh bơm Impeller of a propeller pump, characterized by

a small number of blades of double curvature;
propellers are generally axial-flow impellers,
seldom mixed-flow ones.
-Propeller (pump)

cánh bơm Rotating member of a centrifugal pump fitted with

blades or vanes.
-Bladed impeller

cánh bơm biến Driving member connected to the crankshaft via

mô drive plate and converter cover which generates
the fluid flow inside the converter.
-Impeller

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 547

 cánh bơm ly tâm Rotating member of a centrifugal pump which
is equipped with Vanes to convert mechanical
energy into fluid energy.
- Centrifugal Impeller

cánh bơm xiên Pump impeller which combines radial and axial-
flow principles, i.e. liquid flows both along the
drive shaft and out through the impeller; pump
impellers are classed as mixed-flow when the
specific speed is 2,000 to 6,000 rpm.
-Mixed-flow impeller

cánh bướm ga Fully open position of the throttle. In US English,

mở hoàn toàn it is wide open throttle.
-Full throttle

cánh bướm gió tự Automatic choke.

động -Autochoke
cánh chắn của Curved metal vane of a Hall generator.
cảm biến Hall -Shutter (blade)
cánh dẫn hướng Sloping panel on the roof of a vehicle, especially a
gió trên mui commercial vehicle or trailer, intended to improve
air-flow.
-Air shield
cánh đặt trên A blade or plate on a wheel or hub, especially the
bánh hoặc trục stator blade in a turbine.
-Vane.
cánh đo gió trong Plate in the mixture control unit of a CIS, attached
hệ thống phun to a lever that operates the control plunger in
xăng kiểu K the fuel distributor; the sensor plate position is
governed by the amount of air admitted to the
engine via the throttle valve and auxiliary air
regulator.
-Sensor plate

548 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cánh quạt Part of the fan projecting at an angle from the central
hub, which draws the air through the radiator.
-Fan blade
cánh tản nhiệt Protruding strips of flat metal cast on the cylinder
of air cooled engines (and sometimes other
component) to increase the available cooling
surface, and to improve heat dissipation.
-Cooling fins
cánh tay đòn hình Wishbone.
chữ A -A-arm
canh thẳng hàng To bring into line or be in line with something.
-Align
cánh trượt trong Part of an airflow sensor which serves as a measure
cảm biến đo gió for the induced air volume; a potentiometer
cánh trượt converts sensor flap movement into changes in
electrical voltage, a form in which these signals
can be evaluated by the fuel injection control unit.
-Sensor flap
cánh tua-bin tăng Impeller of a turbocharger driven by the turbine
áp at speed to 160.000 rpm, which accelerates by
centrifugal force the charge air which enters
axially and leaves radially at very high velocity.
-Compressor impeller
cạnh viền Tape for binding the edges of carpets.
-Edge binding
cạnh vỏ Tyre, especially in its basic form before the tread
has been moulded on.
-Casing
cạnh vỏ xe Side of a tyre between the bead and the edge of
the tread.
-Sidewall

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 549

 cao su A natural elastomer that at room temperature
returns rapidly to approximately its initial
dimension and shape after substantial
deformation by a weak stress and subsequent
release of the stress.
-Rubber

cao su giảm va Rubber buffer which limits the extent a vehicle’s

đập trên nhún suspension can move on hitting a bump.
-Bump stop

cao su thiên nhiên Natural Rubber.

-NR

cao su thô Natural rubber which has not been vulcanized.

-Raw rubber

cao su tổng hợp Synthetic products with properties similar to

those of natural rubber, including elasticity
and ability to be vulcanized; usually produced
by the polymerization or copolymerization of
petroleum-derived olefins or other unsaturated
compounds.
-Synthetic rubber

cao su trên cần Rubber strip fitted into the arm of a windscreen
gạt nước wiper.
-Blade rubber

cao su tự nhiên Rubber which occurs naturally as a product of the

metabolism of certain trees and plants, notably
trees of the Hevea brasiliensis species.
-Natural rubber (NR)

cảo tháo bánh Puller with two or more jaws and pressure screw
răng for pulling off gears, bearing, pulleys, etc.
-Gear puller

550 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cáp bện Assembly of wire strands twisted together used
for a pulling or sometimes a pushing or twisting
action, either without a sheath ( as in some brake
cables), or with a sheath as in control cables and
drives such as speedometer cables.
- Braided cable

cáp cài số Rod running the length of the gearbox, along

which the selector fork travels.
-Selector rod

cấp công suất To provide power to.

-Power

cặp dây nối ắc Pair of well-insulated electrical cables with

quy ngoài để khởi crocodile-clip ends, used to connect the two
động live terminals of a functioning battery to the
dead terminals of a flat one to get a car with a
discharged battery started.
-Jump leads

cáp điều khiển Cable usually in an outer sheath, running from a

knob or lever to the device which it operates or
regulates.
-Control cable

cáp ly hợp Operating cable from the clutch pedal to the

clutch release lever.
-Clutch cable

cấp năng lượng To activate (a solenoid, relay, etc.) by providing

sufficient energy.
-Energize

cặp nhiệt điện để An electrical temperature sensor.

đo nhiệt độ -Thermocouple

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 551

 cặp nhiệt điện gắn Sparking plug with a thermocouple in the centre
trong bu-gi electrode, used to measure the temperatures in
the individual cylinders as a function of engine
speed and load in order to select the correct
heat range.
-Thermocouple sparking plug.

ca-pô ô tô Car cap.

-Auto bonnet.

cát dùng khi mạ Form of silica used for sherardizing or mechanical

plating.
-Silica sand

cắt ly hợp To disengage the clutch = to let out the clutch by

pressing on the clutch pedal, so that there is no
connection between the engine and the gearbox.
-Disengage

cắt ngắn thân xe Shortened by cutting out a section of the chassis

and/or bodywork.
-Cut and shut

cắt rời To remove the connection from a mechanical or

electrical device to another.
-Disconnect
cát trắng Common mineral (silicon dioxide) found as sand,
quartz, etc. , used in the manufacture of glass,
ceramics and abrasives.
-Silica
cắt vụn ra To scrap.
-Junk
cát xoáy xú- páp Abrasive paste used for reseating valves.
-Grinding paste

552 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cataloge màu Booklet containing details of paint name; codes
and samples of exact colours, for the customer to
choose from.
-Colour chart
cầu cân xe Device for measuring the weight of vehicles
(especially lorries), consisting of a metal plate set
into the road surface.
-Weighbridge
cầu chì Device containing a thin piece of wire which melts
when the current is excessive and thus opens the
electrical circuit in which it is placed, to protect
equipment in the circuit.
-Fuse
cầu chì sứ Ceramic fuse with conical and caps, colour-coded
for different values.
-Continental-type fuse
cầu cố định Axle that supports weight and attached parts,
but does not deliver power to a wheel or other
rotating member.
-Dead axle
cấu hình Arrangement of part in relation to one another.
-Configuration
cầu nâng Device used to raise a vehicle in the air.
-Ramp
cầu nâng thủy lực Powerful hydraulic jack used in garages.
dùng trong garage -Garage jack
cầu phụ thuộc có Rigid axle.
dạng hình chữ I -I-beam axle
cầu sau Rear axle, usually on a four-wheel vehicle.
-Back axle

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 553

 cầu sau chủ động Rear-Wheel Drive.
-RWD.
cầu sau mà khối Live rear axle assembly in which the weight of
lượng xe truyền the vehicle is transferred from the axle housing
từ vỏ cầu to the axle shaft, usually by a bearing within the
housing, close to the wheel centre plane; the end
of the axle shaft facing the differential is supported
by the differential bearings, i. e. the axle shaft will
carry rotational as well as bending loads.
-Semi-floating axle
cấu trúc động cơ Type of engine construction where the cylinders
xi- lanh đúc liền are cast in a single block which incorporates the
các-te crankcase.
-Monoblock casting or construction
cấu trúc gầm xe Underbody structure.
-Substructure
cấu trúc không Unitary construction.
khung -Frameless construction
cấu trúc khung The structural members and flat panels of the
gầm bodywork on the chassis level. It may also be
called substructure.
-Underbody structure
cấu trúc khung Unitary construction.
nguyên khối -Unibody construction
cấu trúc làm từ Structure made up of thin layers.
nhiều lớp mỏng -Lamination
cấu trúc nguyên Modern chassis layout with no separate frame,
khối using the sheet metal parts of the vehicle body
or floorpan as structural members which also
carry all suspension parts; introduced by Citroen
in 1934, by GM/Opel Olympia in 1935. It is also
called monocoque.
-Unitary construction

554 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cấu trúc nhiều lớp Composite construction of alloys, plastics and
vật liệu khác nhau other materials consisting of a foam or honeycomb
layer and glued between two hard outer sheets. It
is also known as sandwich laminate.
-Sandwich construction
cầu trục sau dạng A rear axle introduced with the BMW ZI in 1988,
chữ Z consisting of a trailing arm, one upper lateral link,
one lower diagonal link, and a coil spring at each
side; also an anti-roll bar.
-Z-axle
cấu trúc tích hợp Unitary construction.
thân với sườn xe -Integral body and frame construction
cấu trúc tổng Vehicle layout incorporating a separate chassis
thành frame which serves as a carrier of all drive train
and suspension parts, the vehicle body itself not
forming an integral structural part of the vehicle.
-Coach construction
cầu trung tâm Centre differential.
-Inter-axle differential
cầu trước Axle to which the front wheels are attached.
-Front axle
cầu vi sai với cơ Axle differential or central differential incorporating
cấu khóa a locking or slip-limiting mechanism to counter
wheel spin.
-Limited-slip differential
cầu xe đôi Type of axle in which two axles are closely
coupled, usually not more than one metre apart.
-Tandem axle
cầu xe hay bánh Axle or wheels to which power is transmitted to
xe bị động drive the vehicle.
-Driven axle or wheels

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 555

 cầu xe kiểu De Rear-wheel drive layout with virtually semi-
Dion independent suspension, having a solid tubular
cross member attached to both wheel carriers
and a single pivot point forward of the axle, the
differential being attached to the chassis and thus
part of the sprung mass of the vehicle.
-De Dion axle
cầu xe với bánh Driving axle with a hypoid gear.
vít -Hypoid axle
cây đo mức dầu A metal rod which pushed home on its seating
bôi trơn enters the oil with its bottom end, so that when it
is withdrawn, it indicates the level of the oil.
-Dipstick
cây đột lỗ Pliers used to form holes along the edge of a
repair panel; the panel can then be plug-welded
to the substructure at these holes.
-Hole punch
cây tháo lắp bánh Cross-shaped spanner with four socket heads.
xe hình chữ thập -Wheel nut spider
cây xăng Filling station. In US English, it is gas station.
-Petrol station
châm đầy nước Add distilled water to the battery so that the plates
cất vào bình ắc are covered.
quy -Top up with distilled water
chắn bụi Splash shield.
-Dust shield
chắn bùn Panel extending downwards, typically forming
a skirt along the side of the car or an air dam at
the front.
-Apron

556 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 chấn động Sudden, hard, physical contact.
-Impact

chân ga Accelerator.
-Accelerating agent

chân gá động cơ Flexible support for the engine in which an elastic

medium, usually rubber, is interposed between
lugs on the engine and the frame of the vehicle.
-Engine mounting

chân không In carburation terms, pressure below the

atmospheric pressure.
-Vacuum

chân không trong Vacuum in the venturi of a carburettor which

ống khuếch tán increases with the speed of the airflow passing
through it; an exception are VV carburettors.
-Venturi vacuum

chặn lại To seal with a stopper.

-Plug

chân ren Lowest point of a screw thread. It is opposite

to crest.
-Root

chất bán dẫn Solid material such as silicon that has a resistivity
midway between that of a conductor and a
resistor, with properties of both a conductor and an
insulator; used as substrates for semiconductor
devices such as diodes, transistors, and
integrated circuits.
-Semiconductor
-N-type semiconductor
-P-type semiconductor

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 557

 chất bịt kín bằng Semi-liquid sealant which is proof against oil and
cao su silicone water but not petrol. It is also called RTV sealant.
-Silicon-rubber sealant
chất bôi trơn Oily or greasy substance used to reduce friction
between parts or objects in relative motion.
-Lubricant
chất cao phân tử Substance consisting of molecules characterized
by the repetition of one or more types of
monomeric units.
-Polymer
chất chống đông Chemical, such as ethylene glycol, added to the
cooling water of an engine to lower its freezing
point.
-Antifreeze
chất chống gỉ Inhibitor which reduces or prevents the formation
of rust on iron and ferrous metals.
-Rust inhibitor
chất chống kích Petrol additive preventing premature ignition
nổ (i.e. knocking or pinking) of the mixture in the
combustion chamber, e.g. tetraethyl lead or
tetramethyl lead.
- Anti-knock additive or agent
chất chống oxi Chemical used in soldering and welding to prevent
hoá khi hàn oxidizing.
-Flux
chất đàn hồi Elastic macromolecular material that at room
temperature returns rapidly approximately its initial
dimensions and shape after substantial deformation
by awake stress and release of the stress.
-Elastomer
chất điện môi Material which is an electrical insulator or in which
an electric field can be sustained with a minimum
loss of power.
-Dielectric

558 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 chất điện phân Substance which can dissolve to yield a solution,
or a solution itself able to conduct electric current,
especially in an electric cell or battery.
-Electrolyte
chất độn Inert material added to paper, resins, and other
substances to modify their properties and improve
quality; e.g. carbon black used in tyre production.
-Filler
chất gây ô nhiễm Dirt or other undesirable substance or pollutant.
-Contaminant
chất hình thành Substance formed at a result of corrosion.
trong ăn mòn -Corrosion inhibitor
chất hoạt hóa Substance embedded in the washcoat on catalyst
trong bộ xúc tác substrates that serves to enhance catalytic
efficiency.
-Promoter
chất hút ẩm Form of silica capable of absorbing large quantities of
water, used to keep electronic apparatus, etc. , dry.
-Silica gel
chất hữu cơ Of chemical compounds, based on carbon chains
or rings and containing hydrogen with or without
oxygen, nitrogen, or other elements. It is opposite
to inorganic.
-Organic
chất keo dán cao Polymer, such as ethyl acrylate, used in rubber
su toughening.
-Across corn.
chất kết dính Material that provides adhesive properties.
-Bondung agent
chất khử In chemical reactions material which adds
electrons to an element or compound, i.e. which
increases the positiveness of its valence.
-Reducing agent

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 559

 chất làm bản cực Poisonous compound used, for example, as an
dương ắc quy electrode in batteries.
-Lead peroxide

chất làm dẻo An additive that gives flexibility to an otherwise

rigid plastic.
-Plasticizer

chất làm kín Organic compounds (such as wax, oil, grease)

used to protect seams or surfaces. It is also called
sealer or sealing compound.
-Sealant

chất làm mềm Plasticizer.

-Softening agent

chất làm sạch gỉ Substances which, according to their

manufacturers, convert rust into a dry mass which
can be removed with water.
-Rust killer

chất làm tan băng Fluid, usually in an aerosol, for melting ice in a
lỗ khóa cửa door lock.
-Door lock de-icer

chất lỏng Substance which flows, e.g. a liquid or a gas.

-Fluid

chất lỏng có hạt Mixture of fine, non-settling particles of any solid

chất rắn nhỏ li ti within a liquid or gas.
-Suspension

chất lỏng rửa kính Fluid added to the water in the windscreen
xe washer and rear screen washer reservoirs /
bottles to improve the cleaning action and lower
the freezing point.
-Washer fluid

560 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 chất lượng lắp ráp Quality of workmanship and materials in the
construction of a vehicle.
-Build quality
chất ma sát trong Friction material (e.g. on brake shoes in drum
bố phanh brake, on clutch disc, on brake bands in automatic
transmission).
-Lining
chất mài mòn Substance used for the removal of matt.
-Abrasive
chất mát-tít làm Soft waterproof sealant for joints.
kín mối nối -Mastic seam sealant.
chất nhựa độn Polymer used in toughening rubber.
làm cứng cao su -Methacrylate
chất ô nhiễm In the context of automotive emissions, pollutant
typically refers to hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide,
and nitrogen oxides.
-Pollutant
chất phá gỉ Rust killer.
-Rust eater
chất pha loãng Substance used to dilute lacquer or acrylic
sơn products, as opposed to reducers used for
synthetic enamel products.
-Thinner
chất pha sơn đa A type of thinner that may be used for both
năng lacquers and synthetic enamels without causing
lifting or other paint faults.
-General purpose lacquer thinner

chất phụ gia Substance added to fuel or engine oil to enhance

its performance and to improve its properties,
such as upper cylinder lubricant.
-Additive

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 561

 chất phụ gia cải Oil additive which reduces thinning at high
thiện chỉ số độ temperature, thus improving the VI.
nhớt -Viscosity index improver

chất phụ gia để Car cleaning agent for adding to water, containing
rửa xe a detergent and usually a wax.
-Car wash

chất phụ gia để Additive used in oil or petrol which either removes
tẩy các lớp bám deposits or holds the contaminating materials
in suspension (which prevents them coating
sensitive surfaces such as pistons).
-Detergent

chất phụ gia nhiên Preparation added to fuel to improve its properties.
liệu -Fuel additive

chất Rođi A silver-white noble metal in the platinum family;

atomic number 45, atomic weight 102.905;
used in thermocouples and, together with
other platinum metals, as a catalyst in catalytic
converters.
-Rhodium

chất rửa khuông A substance to prevent a moulding, i.e. a GRP

part, from sticking to the mould and to facilitate its
removal from the mould; as opposed to release
wax, this is marketed in liquid form only.
-Release agent

chất sáp A substance resembling beeswax in appearance

and character, and in general distinguished by
its composition of esters and higher alcohols,
and by its freedom from fatty acids; used
for underbody sealing, cavity sealing, and
paintwork care.
-Wax

562 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 chất sơn lót mối Special paint used along spot welds or seams; it
hàn does not burn off during welding and thus offers
good protection on the back of welded panels that
would normally be inaccessible once welding is
completed.
-Weld-through primer

chất tẩy gỉ Any chemical substance which removes rust.

-Rust remover

chất tẩy men tổng Solvent used to dilute synthetic enamels but not
hợp compatible with lacquer paints.
-Reducer

chất thải từ động All types of gas released into the atmosphere
cơ ô tô from motor vehicles, including exhaust gas, fuel
and crankcase fumes, and noise.
-Automotive emissions

chất trám chống rỉ Rust converter that provides a coat on metal

surfaces to protect them against air exposure and
thus to prevent continued corrosion.
-Rust sealer

chất trám lót Primer filler.

-Filler

chất ức chế Additive which retards or prevents an undesirable

reaction, e.g. phosphates, anti-oxidants. It is
opposite to catalyst.
-Inhibitor
chất vô cơ Pertaining to or composed of chemical compounds
which do not contain carbon as the principal
element, i.e. matter which does not come from
plants or animals. It is opposite to organic.
-Inorganic

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 563

 chất xúc tác Chemical agent which makes a reaction happen
more quickly, for instance in plastics production an
additive which promotes the hardening process of
resins.
-Accelerator
chất xúc tác ba Catalyst for the simultaneous conversion of the
tác dụng three exhaust pollutants HC, CO, and NO (TWC).
-Three-way catalyst.
chất xúc tác có Catalyst whose active phase is supported by a
nền kim loại metal substrate, i.e. sheet steel.
-Metal catalyst
chất xúc tác dạng Pellet catalyst.
hạt -Particulate catalyst
chất xúc tác hai Oxidizing catalyst.
tác dụng -Two-way catalyst
chất xúc tác khử A catalyst such as rhodium which converts
Nox nitrogen oxides into harmless nitrogen and
oxygen in a reducing catalytic converter.
-Reducing catalyst
chất xúc tác ôxi Catalyst which decreases CO and HC levels
hóa CO và HC using excess air.
-Oxidizing catalyst
chất xúc tác trong Substance that changes the rate of a chemical
bộ hoá khử khí reaction without itself being used up; in a catalytic
thải converter the element which reduces the toxicity
of the exhaust gases.
-Catalyst
cháy To ignite (the mixture).
-Fire

chạy bằng quán To run without any drive being transmitted to the
tính wheels, either in neutral or with the clutch out.
-Coast

564 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 chạy cầm chừng To run slowly with closed throttle and usually with
transmission disengaged.
-Idle

chảy đầu cực lên Fusing of the electrode to the surface of the piece
chỗ hàn being worked on, mainly at the beginning of the
welding cycle.
-Sticking

chạy đua To run at high speed when not in gear.

-Race

chạy đường Most cars give better mileage per gallon when
trường driven long distances.
- Long-distance driving

chạy ga hết cỡ To push an engine to its limits.

-Thrash

chạy hết ga Driving at full throttle, especially at high speeds.

-To drive with a heavy foot

chạy ì To struggle to keep turning due to lack of revs or

the use of too high a gear (engine).
-Labour

cháy nhờ nén Diesel engine.

-Compression ignition

chạy ở tốc độ quá Only able to deliver useful power at high revs,
cao cần thiết phải necessitating frequent gear changes.
chuyển số -Peaky
chảy ra To melt, and (sometimes) become united in the
process.
-Fuse
chạy rà To make parts fit together accurately.
-Bed in

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 565

 chạy sau xe khác To drive closely behind another vehicle in order
để giảm cản gió to benefit from the decreased wind resistance
immediately behind it.
-Slip stream
chảy thành vệt To form a run.
-Run
chạy theo trớn To drive at a constant speed, using a fairly small
throttle opening.
-Cruise
chạy thoát thân A reckless drive in a stolen car.
-Joyride
chạy thử To take a car for a test drive before purchasing it.
-Test-drive
chạy thử động cơ Run in.
còn mới -Break in
chạy tốc độ thấp To run at low speed with the throttle control closed
and the transmission disengaged; to idle.
-Tick over
chạy vào nhà xe Short drive, often leading to a garage.
-Driveway
chạy với cánh Driving without using full throttle.
bướm ga mở một -Part-throttle operation
phần
chạy vượt tốc To run engine above the maximum recommended
rpm.
-Overrev
chạy vượt tốc Running the engine too fast may result in, for
độ cho phép của example, seizure, a burnt piston or a dropped
động cơ valve. Overrevving may cause engine damage.
- Speed over the engine’s permitted.

566 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 chạy xe To travel in a car.
-Drive
chạy xe nối đuôi Driving so close to the vehicle in front as to be
affected by its slip stream; a very dangerous
practice as available reaction time is reduced to
a minimum.
-Tailgating
chạy xe vùng Driving in towns, in built-up areas. In US English,
thành phố it is metro driving.
-Urban driving
chế độ cầm Turning over at low speed with minimum throttle.
chừng -Idling (engine)
chế độ cắt nhiên In an electrically controlled carburetion or fuel
liệu khi giảm tốc injection system, cutting off the fuel supply when
the engine is at operation, the throttle is closed,
and engine speed is above tick-over.
-Deceleration fuel cut-off
chế độ điều khiển Electronic control system using feedback to
kín maintain correct mixture strength, etc.
-Close-loop control
chế hòa khí Mixture of fuel which has been vaporized with air
in the correct proportions for combustion in an
internal combustion engine.
-Carburetion
che kín vùng gần To cover the surrounding area when paint spraying
chỗ sơn to protect it from splashes.
-Mask
chế tạo To make, usually by a relatively complex process
or from several parts.
-Fabricate

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 567

 chèn bằng đệm To modify by the use of shims.
-Shim
chết máy To stop unintentionally.
-Stall
chì Soft, toxic, heavy metal used in starter batteries,
and in leaded fuel as an anti-knock agent.
-Lead
chì bấm bánh xe Small lead weight used to balance a wheel by
clipping it onto the rim opposite a heavy spot of
the tyre/ wheel assembly.
-Clip-on weight.
chì bấm niềng xe Small lead weight fitted to the wheel rim to restore
wheel balance.
-Balance weight
chì cân bằng trên Balance weight on a wheel rim.
mâm bánh xe -Lead weight
chỉ chạy từ nhà Has only been driven from the factory to the
máy lắp ráp đến dealer who is selling the car.
đại lý -Delivery mileage only
chi phí vận hành The costs of running a car.
-Operating costs
chỉ số chống kích Measure of the anti-knock properties of the petrol,
nổ particularly in North American, where it is defined
as half the sum of the research octane number
and motor octane number.
-Anti-knock index
chỉ số độ nhớt Viscosity Index.
-VI
chỉ số nhiệt của . Measure of ability of a sparking plug to carry
bu-gi away heat; dependent on the length of the
insulator nose, electrode shape and material.
-Heat range

568 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 chỉ số octan Octane Number. It is also called octane rating.
The measure of a fuel’s anti-knock rating; the
average of Research Octane Number (RON) and
Motor Octane Number (MON).
- Octane Number (ON)
chỉ số octan động Fuel octane rating determined by the motor
cơ octane test, one of many test procedures.
-Motor Octane Number
chỉ số octan ng- Fuel octane rating determined by the research
hiên cứu octane test, one of many test procedures (RON).
-Research octane number
chỉ số RON Fuel octane rating determined by the research
octane test, one of many test procedures.
-Research Octane Number
chỉ số tải trọng Load index.
-Load rating
chỉ số tải trọng Coded number on the sidewall of a tyre to indicate
của bánh xe the maximum load the tyre may carry at a given
speed under manufacturer’s conditions.
-Load index (LI)
chì tetraethyl Anti-knock fuel additive (TEL).
-Tetraethyl lead
chì Tetramethyl Anti-knock fuel additive.
trong xăng -Tetramethyl lead (TML)
chi tiết an toàn Any part of a vehicle that plays a role in ensuring the
rigidity and integrity of the vehicle as a whole and
that, if it collapses, could make the vehicle unsafe.
-Structural part.
chi tiết của bộ Sun gear, internal gear, and planet carrier are the
bánh răng truyền members of a planetary gear train.
động -Member of the gear train

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 569

 chi tiết làm bằng Plastic part produced by injection moulding etc.
nhựa đúc -Moulded part or moulding

chi tiết lắp lẫn Shared component.

-Identical part

chi tiết mạ crôm All the chromium-plated items on a car body.

-Chrome work

chi tiết nhỏ Small ancillary parts for a particular system such
as fuel lines.
-Fittings

chi tiết quay của Rotating displacement element of a rotary pump,

bơm quay such as a gear, screw, piston, etc.
-Rotor

chi tiết trên khung General term that refers mainly to the side rails
and crossmembers but also to any structural
hollow-section part on a car.
-Member

chì xốp làm cực Pure lead which serves as the active material in
âm ắc quy the charged negative plates of a battery.
-Spongy lead

chìa khóa Metal instrument for turning locks and key-

operated switches.
-Key

chìa khóa có răng Steel hand tool with jaws or a hole of particular
mở đai ốc shape at the end, designed to fit round a nut or
bolt head in order to turn it.
-Spanner

chìa khóa đầu lục Key for hexagon recess screws, 90o offset at
giác one end.
-Hexagon key or hex key.

570 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 chìa khóa lục giác Key (in effect a spanner) for recessed hexagon
screws and bolts, consisting of a bar with a right
angle bend and six flats in the end.
-Allen key
chìa khoá miệng Spanner with open jaws.
-Open-ended spanner
chìa khóa miệng Key with parallel faces whose ends may be round
or square.
-Feather key
chìa khóa phụ Key which only operates the locks needed for
valet parking, i.e. door locks, ignition switch and
steering column lock; does not allow access to
boot, glove box, etc.
-Secondary key
chìa khóa tròn Round key.
-Nordberg key
chìa khóa vặn Tool for removing and tightening drain plugs, e.g.
nút xả on gearboxes and engine sumps, either as a multi-
purpose tool with a number of different drives in
the form of hexagonal or square projections at the
either end for different drain plugs, or as a special
tool for one specific size of drain plug.
-Drain plug key or spanner or wrench
chìa khóa vòng Spanner whose head fits completely round a nut.
-Ring spanner
chìa khóa vòng Spanner with a ring spanner at one end and an
miệng open end of the same size at the other.
-Combination spanner
chìa khóa xe Key for the ignition, boot, doors or petrol cap, etc.
-Car key

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 571

 chìa vặn đai ốc Very large heavy-duty adjustable wrench.
stillson -Stillson wrench
chìa vặn ốc chỉnh Wrench designed for adjusting value clearances
xú-páp on OHV-engines with bucket tappet assembly that
use an adjusting screw instead of value shims for
adjustment.
-Tappet wrench
chiều cao cột áp The vertical distance, in feet, from the liquid
bơm supply level to the pump centreline, the pump
being above the liquid level.
-Suction lift
chiều cao cột hút Suction lift.
âm -Negative suction head
chiều cao gai vỏ Tread depth.
xe -Profile depth
chiều cao lắp đặt Height at which something is placed in position.
-Installed height
chiều cao ren Distance from roof to thread crest, measured
perpendicular to the axis of the thread.
-Thread height
chiều dài phần ren In sparking plug, distance from the sealing washer
đầu bu-gi to the end of the thread.
-Reach
chiều dài phần (Of bolts) the distance from the last full form
thân bu lông thread to the bearing face.
-Shank length
chiều quay Direction, in which a wheel, shaft or similar turns.
-Direction indicator.

chiếu sáng Lit with bright lights.

-Illuminated

572 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 chiều sâu gai vỏ The depth of the grooves in a tyre tread; 1.6 mm
xe across three-quarters of the tyre which is a legal
requirement.
-Tread depth

chiều sâu ren Distance from thread crest to root, measured

perpendicular to the axis of the thread.
-Depth of thread

chỉnh độ chụm Correct alignment of the wheels; adjusted by

bánh xe means of the track rods.
-Tracking

chỉnh giảm công To be adjusted intentionally, so as to reduce

suất để tiết kiệm power, either for economy or for greater flexibility.
xăng -Detuned

chỉnh hết cỡ The adjusting screw or nut is at the end of its

travel.
-There is no adjustment left

chỉnh lưu A device rectifies alternating current to direct

current.
-Rectifier
-Half-circle rectifier
-Full-circle rectifier span

chỉnh thời điểm To adjust the firing of the sparking plus so that it
đánh lửa coincides with the piston.
-To set the timing

chỉnh xăng tiết Turned to use less fuel.

kiệm -Turned for economy

chịu sức ép lò xo Held in position by pressure from a spring.

-Spring-loaded

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 573

 chỗ để chân Recess in the floor below the feet of the rear seat
occupants, but may also be used for the space
used by the feet of people in the front of seats.
-Footwell
chỗ rộp sơn Small blister in the paintwork.
-Bubble
chỗ đường hẹp dễ Narrow stretch of road, or point on a road where
bị tắc nghẽn traffic is held up.
-Bottleneck
chỗ gắn cảm biến Space which accommodates a temperature
nhiệt độ sensor. The term is sometimes used with
reference to the temperature sensing point or
sensor rather than to the well itself.
-Thermowell
chỗ gấp khúc trên Bend in a pipe.
ống -Elbow
chỗ lõm trên đỉnh Recess in the piston crown.
pít-tông -Valve clearance depression
chỗ mốp Area of a dent in a panel where the sheet metal is
actually buckled into the opposite direction of the
normal shape.
-Breakover
cho nhiều xăng To add too much thinner to paint.
khi pha sơn -Overthin
chỗ sơn lót First coat of paint applied to a bare surface;
designed to provide a foundation for the
subsequent coats and to ensure rust protection.
-Primer
chỗ thân xe bị Concentrated panel damage or specific dent that
thụng vào may be caused when the car hits a relatively small
obstacle, i.e. the towbar another car.
-Indentation

574 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 chỗ thắt nút Twist or sharp bend in a hose.
-Kink
chỗ uốn cong Bending.
-Flexure
chóa đèn pha Part of a headlamp which receives light from the
bulb and reflects it back through the lens.
-Reflector
chổi than Rubbing electrical contact for use with rotating
members, especially commutator in starters,
alternators or generators.
-Brush
chọn dẫn động Manually selectable four-wheel drive.
bốn bánh bằng -Part-time four-wheel drive
tay
chống ăn mòn Combating and protecting against corrosion,
especially rust.
-Anti-corrosion
chống ăn mòn Protection of edges against corrosion, e.g. by
cho các gờ weather strips.
-Edge protection
chống đỡ To fix the bonnet in the open position using the
bonnet support stay.
-Prop up
chống tụt dốc Mechanically or electro-mechanically engaged
trong AT device for preventing accidental rearward
movement of a vehicle prior to driving off; found
mainly in automatic transmissions.
-Hillholder
chống xăng pha Resistance to leaded fuel.
chì -Lead tolerance
chớp pha To switch one’s headlights on and off quickly.
-Flash

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 575

 chốt Bar used as a pivot or swivel (e.g. kingpin, swivel
pin) , or as a fastener (e.g. cotter pin, dowel pin).
-Pin

chốt chặn Catch at the bottom of a lever which connects

with a toothed rack to hold the lever in position
(e.g. with a handbrake lever or in ratchets).
-Pawl

chốt an toàn ca- Catch usually located under the front edge of the
pô bonnet, near the centre, which prevents accidental
release of the bonnet if the main cable-operated
bonnet lock is activated by mistake.
-Safety catch

chốt bánh xe Spigot mounted wheel.

-Hubcentric fit

chốt chẻ Metal pin for securing a nut or rod, whose ends
are bent backwards after insertion.
-Split pin

chốt chống mở Catch usually located under the front edge of the
ca-pô xe bonnet, near the centre, which prevents accidental
release of the bonnet if the main cable-operated
bonnet lock is activated by mistake.
-Safety catch

chốt cửa A part of the door lock which contacts the striker
plate as the door is closed, and springs back
when the door is fully shut to hold it in the closed
position.
-Door latch

chốt định vị Tool use to align holes, e.g. for inserting a screw
or bolt or to centre round components with other
parts.
-Aligning punch

576 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 chốt gắn bản lề Part of the door frame that includes the bracing
cửa and threaded plate for mounting the hinge to the
door. It is not to be confused with the hinge panel
that is part of the hinge pillar of the body shell.
-Hinge facing
chốt giữ Tapered pin or wedge inserted through holes in
two parts such as a or wheel or other part on a
shaft, so us to hold the two parts firmly in position
relative to one another.
-Cotter
chốt giữ đai an Point where the end of a seat belt is attached to
toàn the body of a car.
-Seat belt anchorage
chốt giữ má Pin which locates the brake pad in a disc brake.
phanh -Pad retainer pin
chốt hãm Pad retainer (pin).
-Retainer
chốt kiểm tra Pin in the base of the piston chamber in an SU
hành trình pít- or Stromberg carburettor, used to check the
tông strength of the mixture and the free movement of
the piston.
-Piston lifter
chốt mở ca-pô Cable with a handle inside the vehicle which
releases the bonnet lock.
-Bonnet release
chốt pít-tông In US English, it is gudgeon pin.
-Piston pin
chốt ri-vê Type of tubular rivet which initially has a hard
steel pin passing through it; when the pop rivet
is fitted with a pop rivet gun, the head of the pin
expands the inner end of the tubular rivet, closing
it; the head of the pin then snaps off; used when a
joint can be accessed from one side only.
-Pop rivet

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 577

 chốt than trong Spindle-shaped carbon brush in the centre of
nắp bộ chia điện the distributor cap, bearing on the centre of the
contact breaker arm.
-Carbon pin

chốt xéc-măng Pin pressed into the ring grooves of a two-stroke

engine in order to prevent the rings from rotating,
which would allow the open ends to become
jammed in the ports.
-Piston ring stop

chữ cái Hy Lạp Eleventh letter of the Greek alphabet.

thứ 11 -Lambda

chữ cái ký hiệu Letters denoting the positions on the gear

của các tay số ở selector of an automatic gearbox, standing for:
hộp số tự động Park, Reverse, Neutral, Drive, Low: P = Park, R
= Reverse, N = Neutral, D = Drive, L = Low. Note,
Low may be divided into: 3, 2, 1.
-PRNDL

chu kỳ Sequence of changes of state after which the

system is in its original state again.
-Cycle

chu kỳ động cơ Which is usually four-stroke cycle, according to

diesel which a diesel engine operates, in which air is
sucked into the cylinder and compressed at a
ratio of up to 24:1.
-Diesel cycle

chu kỳ kiểm tra xe Method of testing automotive emissions for

cấp liên bang compliance with emission standards by simulating
typical driving conditions - which differs from other
test cycles such as the European ECE test, so
that the results cannot be compared.
-FTP test cycle

578 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 chu kỳ kiểm tra xe Driving cycle that simulates driving in a town.
chạy trong thành -Urban (test) cycle
phố
chu kỳ ô tô Another name for the four-stroke cycle, named
after the German engine Dr. Nikolaus Otto (1832-
1891) who first patented the design in 1876.
-Otto cycle
chu kỳ quét khí In a two-stroke engine, the period between
exhaust port opening and transfer port opening
which should be sufficiently long to drop below
time for the cylinder pressure, so that the exhaust
gases can be expelled more easily.
-Blowdown period
chu kỳ thay dầu Draining and replacing the engine oil in regular
intervals (ideally every six months).
-Oil change
chủ nhân Somebody who actually owns something, i.e. has
the title of property.
-Owner
chu trình điều Closed-loop control.
khiển kín -Limit cycle control
chu trình động cơ Operating principle of an internal combustion
hai kỳ engine characterized by the fact that the inlet,
compression, combustion and exhaust phases
overlap and require only two cycles; used mainly
by small motocycle engines.
-Two-stroke cycle
chu trình động cơ Operating principle of most spark ignition and
bốn kỳ diesel engines, the four strokes which complete
the cycle being: induction, compression, power,
and exhaust stroke, compare two-stroke cycle.
-Four-stroke cycle

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 579

 chu trình hở Without feedback from e.g. oxygen sensor control
systems.
-Open-loop
chu trình kiểm tra 13 minute, three-part test of automotive emission
khí thải châu Âu for compliance with emission standards, adopted by
most european countries, simulating urban driving
conditions, i.e. involving relatively long idling periods
and speed below 35 mph, emission characteristics
at cruising speed not being considered.
-ECE test cycle
chu trình kiểm tra Basis for a standard test cycle covering both town
xe driving and driving on the open road.
-Euromix formular
chu trình làm lạnh In air-conditioning systems, the refrigerant in
vapor form is pressurized in the compressor, air-
cooled in the condenser and becomes a liquid
which passes through the receiver-drier into
low-pressure liquid. It then flows through the
evaporator where it expands again and starts to
boil, absorbing heat from the core and cooling the
air going into the passenger compartment. The
compressor draws off the low-pressure vaporized
refrigerant and recyles it.
-Refrigeration cycle
chu trình làm việc Recurring sequence of events in the combustion
process, e.g. a four-stroke cycle.
-Working cycle
chữ U bắt ống Sheet metal panel surrounding the upper mount
nhún trước of the MacPherson strut at the side panels of the
engine compartment; it may be a separate panel
fitted by spot-welding or a deep-drawn section of
the side panel shaped to take the upper strut end.
It is also called suspension leg turret.
-MacPherson strut tower

580 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 chu vi vòng đua Course forming a complete loop over which races
are held.
-Circuit
chúi đuôi Dipping of a car’s rear end occurring during hard
acceleration, due to a load transfer from the front
to the rear suspension.
-Squat
chùm ánh sáng A headlight beam which has greater intensity on
đèn đầu không one side than the other.
đối xứng -Asymmetric beam
chùm sáng chính Long-range setting of a vehicle’s headlamp;
đèn pha as the beam is directed straight ahead, it will
dazzle oncoming traffic if used incautiously. In US
English, it is high beam.
-Main beam
chuôi đèn Usually a bayonet socket for a lighter bul.
-Bulb holder
chương trình so Programme Comparison and Identification.
sánh và nhận dạng -PCI
chụp bụi Concertina-like rubber cover for pushrods, e.g. on
brake master cylinders and shock absorbers, also
for constants velocity joints.
-Dust boot
chuyển bánh To drive away from a standing start.
-Pull away
chuyển dịch trọng The transfer of load from one end or side of the
tâm vehicle to the other when accelerating, braking or
cornering.
-Weight transfer
chuyển động của Forward motion of a vehicle with automatic
xe khi cài số D transmission, with engine at idle and selector
lever in position D. It is also called creep.
-Idling drag

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 581

 chuyển động hệ The two stages of suspension movement requiring
thống treo damping.
-Bump and rebound

chuyên dụng Designed for a specific use or for a specific

vehicle.
-Dedicated

chuyển số In US English, it is to change gear.

-Shifting

cò With desmodromic engines, the cam/rocker

responsible for opening the inlet or exhaust valve.
-Opening cam/rocker

cọ an implement with a handle, consisting of bristles,

hair, or wire set into a block, used for cleaning
or scrubbing, applying a liquid or powder to a
surface, arranging the hair, or other purposes.
-Brush

cơ cấu bù Compensator.
-Equalizer

cơ cấu cam điều Cam in a carburettor, which opens the throttle

khiển cầm chừng slightly when the choke is brought into operation,
nhanh either automatically or mechanically.
-Fast idle cam

cơ cấu chỉnh độ Devices give gradual fading of brightness, e.g. for

sáng đèn pha the instrument panel illumination.
-Dimmer controller

cơ cấu chống kẹt Device in a changespeed gearbox which prevents

khi sang số two gears being engaged at the same time.
-Interlock

cơ cấu đánh lửa Centrifugal advance (mechanism).

sớm ly tâm -Mechanical advance

582 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cơ cấu đẩy bố Part of a mechanical drum brake system which
phanh forces the shoes apart into contact with the drum.
-Wedge expander
cơ cấu dây đai an Woven nylon strap used for seal belts.
toàn -Webbing
cơ cấu điều chỉnh Mechanism for moving a seat backwards and
ghế ngồi forwards.
-Seat adjuster
cơ cấu điều chỉnh Ddevice that compensates automatically for wear,
độ êm dịu tự động e.g. in the brakes or clutch.
-Automic wear adjuster
cơ cấu điều chỉnh Device that compensates automatically for wear,
tự động độ mòn e.g. in the brakes or clutch.
-Automic wear adjuster
cơ cấu điều khiển The entire mechanism from camshaft to valve
đóng mở xú-páp that is involved with the operation of a valve; the
valve and its valve gear.
-Valve train
cơ cấu đóng mở Mechanism that operates the inlet and exhaust
xú-páp valves; includes the cams, pushrods, rocker
arms, etc. but not the valves themselves.
-Valve gear
cơ cấu giới hạn Engine speed limiter.
tốc độ động cơ -Limiter
cơ cấu hãm rô-to Mechanical or electrical component in a starter
khi ngắt điện used to stop armature movement after the starter
motor has been switched off.
-Armature brake
cơ cấu hạn chế Component which limits the motion, travel or
hành trình stroke of a moving part. Note that is a more
informal word for abutment.
-Stop

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 583

 cơ cấu hạn chế Tool used in conjunction with a plug spanner
mô-men xoắn which allows the controlled tightening of sparking
trong đầu vặn plugs by releasing automatically once a preset
bu-gi torque setting is reached.
-Torque limiter

cơ cấu khóa cửa A mechanism for opening and closing the door,
with a lockable cylinder for holding the door
closed until opened by a key.
-Door lock

cơ cấu khóa đai Device which locks the reel of a seat belt when
an toàn khi tăng the forward acceleration of the occupant exceeds
tốc a certain value.
-Locking mechanism or locking reel

cơ cấu khóa nắp Locking mechanism comprising a notched peg

ca-pô fixed to front underside of the bonnet, which fits
into a hole with a sliding latch in the panel above
the grille.
-Bonnet lock

cơ cấu khóa ở tay Hand lock mechanism when the vehicle is parked.
số đậu -Parking interlock

cơ cấu khởi động Pedal lever and ratchet mechanism for kick
bằng cần starting an engine.
-Kick-starter

cơ cấu lái The whole mechanism by which a vehicle is

steered. The gears are in this mechanism.
-Steering gear

cơ cấu lái thanh Steering system in which a pinion on the end of

răng - bánh răng the steering shaft meshes with a rack of gear
teeth on the major crossmember of the steering
linkage. It is opposite to parallelogram steering.
-Rack-and-pinion steering

584 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cơ cấu làm giàu Circuit in a carburetor providing a richer mixture,
hoà khí operated by engine vacuum.
-Enrichment device or unit

cơ cấu làm mịn tia Device for producing a fine spray e.g. on a
phun spray gun.
-Atomizer

cơ cấu nối ly hợp Automatically engaged clutch in a lock-up torque

converter which prevents slipping losses.
-Lock-up clutch

cơ cấu phanh Mechanism for slowing or stopping a vehicle in

motion, or for holding it when standing still.
-Brake

cơ cấu rút Seat belt Device which locks the reel of a seat belt
when the forward acceleration of the occupants
exceeds a certain value.
-Retractor

cơ cấu rút đai an Device which automatically pulls the seat belt
toàn back into its ree.
-Belt retractor

cơ cấu sang số Systems of rods and joints used to operate the

gearbox.
-Gearchange linkage or mechanism

cơ cấu sang số Gear change mechanism in which the gear lever

trên vô lăng is on the steering column, just below the steering
wheel.
-Column gear change

cơ cấu trợ lực Device that provides power assistance to operate

a control (e. g. a brake or clutch).
-Servomechanism

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 585

 cơ cấu xoay xú- Device fitted to some engines which turns a valve
páp slightly every time it opens or closes, to prevent
the valve sticking or burning. It is also called valve
rotator.
-Roto cap
có chứa sắt Containing iron.
-Ferrous
cố định Permanently located in the desired position.
-Captive
cổ góp điện Series of copper bars at one end of the dynamo
or starter motor armature, electrically insulated
from one another by mica.
-Commutator
cổ góp hút Inlet manifold.
-Induction manifold
có khuyết tật Faulty or flawed.
-Defective
cỡ lá Tool with metal feeler blades or wire feelers
of various thicknesses for measuring small
distances and gaps between components, e.g.
valve clearances or gaps between sparking plug
electrodes or contact breaker points.
-Feeler gauge
cờ lê hai đầu Open-ended or ring spanner with jaws or rings at
both ends for two different sizes of hexagon.
-Double-ended spanner
cờ lê chỉnh lửa bộ Wrench designed for loosening and tightening
chia điện the distributor clamp bolts and/ or lock nuts, when
adjusting, removing or installing distributors.
-Distributor wrench
có ma sát Caused by the friction between moving parts.
-Frictional

586 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cò mổ xú-páp Cam/ rocker which is used to close the valve in
desmodromic valve operation; unlike conventional
valve control systems, in which the valves are
closed by the valve spring.
-Closing cam/ rocker
cò mổ xú-páp Rocker arm operating two valves with its forked
hình chạc end.
-Forked rocker (arm)
cổ ống đổ nhiên Upper end of the fuel filler tube leading down to
liệu the fuel tank, which accepts the fuel hose nozzle
at the filling station.
-Fuel filler neck
cổ ống pô Front section of the exhaust system connected to
the exhaust manifold.
-Down pipe
cổ phễu Funnel-shaped part with the filler orifice at its top
end.
-Filler neck
có ruột lốp xe Having an inner tube.
-Tubed
có sức chịu đựng Able to withstand natural climatic conditions
với thời tiết which cause surface deterioration.
-Weather resistant
có thể chạy In a state in which it can be driven.
-Drivable
có thể điều chỉnh That can be changed or made differently.
-Adjustable
có thể hoạt động Capable of working.
-Functional
có thể hỏng do vi Able to be rotted by bacteria.
sinh -Bio-degradable

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 587

 có thể kéo được Capable of being towed.
-Towable
cổ trục The part of a shaft which is supported by a
bearing.
-Journal
cổ trục cam Part of the camshaft running in one of its bearings.
-Camshaft journal
cổ trục chính trục Term usually applied to the journals running in the
khuỷu main bearings as opposed to those for the big-
end bearings.
-Crankshaft journal
cổ trục gá lắp Journal on which the connecting rod of a piston
thanh truyền engine is mounted.
-Crankpin
cọc One of the connecting points in an electric circuit,
a conducting device by which current enters or
leaves at such a points.
-Terminal
cọc âm Black battery terminal with a minus symbol
indicating negative polarity.
-Negative terminal
cọc bình Round terminal on a battery to which cable is
attached, usually by a clam.
-Battery post
cọc bình ắc quy Battery post.
-Post
cốc trộn (sơn) Type of paint pot for spray guns fitted with an
integral agitator.
-Agitation cup
còi hai giọng Two-tone horn.
-Dual-tone horn

588 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 còi hơi tàu biển Horn which imitates the deep bellow of an ocean
liner horn.
-Ocean liner blast horn
còi phát ra hai Two horns whose diaphragms cause a column of
tiếng air to resonate at two different frequencies.
-Two-tone horn
còi xe Instrument on a vehicle that emits a loud warning
noise, usually by means of a diaphragm vibrated
by an electromagnet.
-Horn
compa Measuring tool with two straight pointed arms, it is
used to mark off and transfer measurements, e.g.
on sheet metal or other metal components.
-Divider
compa đo bước Screw pitch gauge.
ren -Thread pitch gauge
compa đo ngoài Machinists’ caliper used to check outside
dimensions.
-Outside caliper
compa đo ngoài Outside caliper with spring for accurate setting.
có lò xo giữ -Outside spring caliper
compa đo trong Machinist’s caliper used to check inside
dimensions.
-Inside caliper
compa đo trong Measuring tool with two curved arms for inside or
và đo ngoài outside measurement; the reading taken with the
arms is transferred to a steel rule or micrometer to
attain the exact value.
-Machinists’ caliper
compa đo trong Small slide-type caliper for inside and outside
và đo ngoài loại measurement up to about 100 mm or 4 inch.
nhỏ -Pocket (slide) caliper

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 589

 con cóc một chiều Toothed rack or wheel which is engaged by a
lever to permit motion in one direction only.
-Ratchet

con đội Tappet.

-Cam

con đội ba chân Tripod which is adjustable for height and used for
supporting the vehicle for longer jobs.
-Axle stand

con đội chết Equipment used to support a vehicle’s front or

rear for underbody work.
-Ramp

con đội chết ba Tripod which is adjustable for height and used for
chân supporting the vehicle for longer jobs.
-Axle stand

con đội dạng tháp Tower jack.

-Side-lift jack

con đội hình chai Small hydraulic jack in the shape of a bottle.
-Bottle jack

con đội hình tháp Tower jack.

-Pillar jack

con đội kê Axle stand.

-Jack stand

con đội kiểu kéo Mechanical jack with a scissors-like action.

-Scissor jack

con đội lăn giữa Connecting link between the lower end of a
đũa xú-páp và pushrod and the camshaft, equipped with one
trục cam roller to roduce the friction between the pushrod
or tappet and the cam during engine operation.
-Roller tappet

590 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 con đội nắn Hydraulic device for proving the force to push or
khung pull damaged body part into shape, either directly
or via straightening equipment, e.g. pulling beams.
-Body jack
con đội xú-páp In valve gear, usually cup-shaped element (one
for each vale) which slides on the cam lobes
and converts the rotary motion of the vales; the
tappets actuate either pushrods, rocker arms, or
values directly.
-Tappet
con đội xú-páp Tappet shaped like a mushroom located on the
hình nấm underside of a pushrod operating the valves of a
four-stroke engine.
-Mushroom tappet
con đội tháp Tower with a solid foot and an arm at right angles
which fits into a slot in the side of a car and is
would up the tower to raise the vehicle.
-Tower jack
con đội thủy lực Small component in the valve train, usually
between camshaft and valve, or rocker arm and
valve, which maintains zero valve clearance
by automatically expanding when a clearance
develops; uses the hydraulic principle that liquids
cannot be compressed and consists basically of a
small check valve, piston and cylinder.
-Hydraulic tappet or hydraulic valve lifter
con đội thuỷ lực Hydraulic jack with swivel wheels.
có bánh xe -Trolley jack
con đội thủy lực Hydraulic jack with ends designed to reach behind
sửa thân xe dented double panels and to press them back
into shape by the hydraulic action of the wedge-
shaped ends.
-Hydraulic wedge

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 591

 con đội thuỷ lực Tappet with a flat contact surface towards the
tiếp xúc phẳng cam lobe.
-Flat tappet

con lăn Non-spherical rolling element in a roller bearing.

-Roller

con lăn băng thử Rollers set in the floor of a garage, turning or
công suất inspection centre and designed to simulate road
conditions; the rollers can be driven by the driving
wheels of a car and connected to a dynamometer
for testing the power output of an engine or may
be independently powered, e.g. to test the brakes.
-Rolling road

con lươn Barrier with longitudinal members designed to

prevent a vehicle which is out of control from
leaving a road or race track, or on a motorway
from crossing the central reserve.
-Crash barrier

con lươn đi bộ Raised area in the middle of a road designed

to separate two flows of traffic and to provide a
safe temporary stopping place for pedestrians
crossing the road.
-Traffic island

cồn pha màu Almost pure alcohol (which has wood alcohol
and colouring added to make it unfit for human
consumption); used for cleaning.
-Methylated spirits

cồn thực vật Ethanol.

-Grain alcohol

cổng nạp The port in the cylinder wall used for admission of
the fresh charge into the cylinder.
-Induction port

592 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cổng nạp thứ ba A design feature of two-stroke engines that relies
của động cơ hai on the piston position to control induction of the
kỳ fresh charge.
-Third port induction
công nghệ đa dẫn In cars, connecting lamps, wipers, horn, etc. to
a single power cable via electronically controlled
modules, making it easier to diagnose faults and
to service.
-Multiplex technology
công nghệ kim Torming and shaping metal.
loại -Metalworking
công nghệ mạ Technology used in present-day phosphating
kẽm mới processes.
-Low zinc technology
công nghệ ô tô Automotive engineering.
-Automobile engineering
cộng nghệ vi Film circuits combined with integrated circuits,
mạch lai used especially for trigger boxes or electronic
control units.
-Hybrid technology
công nghiệp ô tô Motor industry.
-Automobile industry
công suất The rate at which energy is converted into work.
-Power
công suất bơm The energy transferred by a pump to the liquid
pumped.
-Pump power output
công suất chỉ thị Theoretical power of an engine calculated from
the MEP in the cylinders rather than at the shaft
(IHP).
-Indicated horsepower

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 593

 công suất động Power developed by an engine which is
cơ measured by a brake or dynamometer; often
abbreviated as bhp.
-Brake horsepower.
công suất phát Brake horsepower.
động -BHP
công suất riêng Number of horsepower (hp) per cubic inch
displacement.
-Volumetric efficiency
công suất tải Output of an electric motor or other electrical
apparatus.
-Capacity
công suất tải The horsepower (or kilowatt) power output of an
động cơ engine.
-Rated power
công suất tiêu hao Power consumed by frictional losses.
do ma sát -Friction horsepower (FHP)
công suất tối đa Maximum power of an engine as measured by a
dynamometer.
-Maximum (brake) power
công tắc an toàn Switch which prevents starting of the engine
unless certain system conditions are fulfilled; e.g.
on cars with automatic transmission, the selector
lever must be in Neutral or Park.
-Starter inhibitor switch or starter interlock
or starter lockout
công tắc an toàn Starter inhibitor switch.
khởi động -Park/ neutral safety switch
công tắc áp suất Switch which indicates a drop too below the
dầu bôi trơn minimum permissible oil pressure by illuminating
the oil pressure warning light.
-Oil pressure switch

594 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 công tắc báo chân Switch that monitors the vacuum signal enabling
không the ECU to recognize open or closed throttle (idle)
operation.
-Vacuum control switch

công tắc báo cho Signals the ASR system that snow chains are
hệ thống ổn định fitted to the drive wheels.
-Snow chain switch

công tắc cắt bơm Fuel pump shut-off switch.

nhiên liệu quán -Inertia fuel cut-off switch
tính

công tắc cắt nhiên Fuel pump (shut-off) switch.

liệu -Fuel cut-off switch

công tắc cho phép On some alarm systems, a switch to override the
hệ thống báo alarm system for valet parking, car washes, etc.
động ngừng tạm -Valet switch
thời

công tắc chuyển Dip-switch.

đèn -Dipper switch.

công tắc chuyển A switch is usually incorporated in the control stalk

đổi pha cốt but sometimes foot-operated, which changes the
headlights from main to dipped beam (and vice
versa). In US English, it is dimmer switch.
-Dip switch/ Headlight dipper (switch)

công tắc cơ Part carrying electricity made to touch another

such part for passing current, e.g. in a switch or a
contact breaker.
-Contact

công tắc cửa Small switch, typically in the lower portion of the
A-pillar, whose main function is to switch on the
courtesy lighting when the door is opened.
-Door pillar switch

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 595

 công tắc cửa Push-button light switch located in a door jamb
trước (e.g. for courtesy lights, boot light).
-Jamb switch

công tắc dạng Arodshaped control mounted on the steering

ống dưới vô lăng column near the steering wheel.
-Multi-function control stalk

công tắc đánh lửa Ctuated with the ignition key, the ignition switch
closes the primary circuit of the ignition system.
-Ignition switch

công tắc để khởi Special automotive tool that allows the ignition
động từ xa switch to be bypassed for cranking the engine.
-Remote starter switch

công tắc đèn ưu Switch that makes all the direction indicators flash
tiên simultaneously, to indicate that the car is a hazard
(e.g. the car is stationary because of breakdown).
-Hazard warning switch or hazard flasher

công tắc điện tử Switch, it can be found on the coil terminal

connected to the ignition switch.
-SW

công tắc điều Hydraulic pressure-operated switch (often

khiển đèn báo mất included in a combination valve) which activates
phanh the ‘brake failure’ warning light when one of the
brake circuits (in a dual-circuit system) fails due
to a system leak and associated pressure drop.
-Pressure differential switch

công tắc điều Consist mainly of control stalks for some or all
khiển trên trục tay of the following: lights, windscreen wipers and
lái washers, direction indicators and horn.
-Steering column controls

596 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 công tắc giới hạn Developed by GM to monitor heated carburettor
hoà khí nghèo inlet air through an air cleaner TVS and to prevent
the control unit from providing the carburettor with
too lean a mixture, for better performance when
starting from cold.
-Lean Authority Limit Switch
công tắc hệ thống Switch on the instrument panel that operates the
gạt kính sau rear screen wash/ wipe system. The windscreen
washer system, which includes an intermittent
wipe, is usually located on the windscreen wiper
control stalk.
-Wash/ wipe switch
công tắc hiệu ứng Hall vane switch.
Hall -Hall-effect switch
công tắc khởi A lever or switch brings a part into operation.
động -An actuating lever or switch
công tắc máy Key used to switch on the ignition.
-Ignition key
công tắc máy khởi Solenoid-operated starter motor switch.
động solenoid -Solenoid starter switch
công tắc ngắt Switch which shuts off the electric fuel pump and
bơm nhiên liệu fuel to the engine in the even of a major collision.
-Fuel pump (shut-off) switch
công tắc ngắt Automatic closing system.
mass -Power closing
công tắc ngắt Switch which disconnects the battery completely
mass ắc quy and cuts off power to all electrical components.
-Battery master switch
công tắc nháy đèn By flicking the direction indicator lever upwards
pha against a spring pressure, the headlights flash on
and off quickly.
-Headlight flasher

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 597

 công tắc nhiệt độ Usually located in a coolant hose, provides a
nước coolant temperature signal to the ECM.
-Oxygen sensor system thermo-switch

công tắc nhiệt A switch in a continuous injection system that

thời gian interrupts current from the starter solenoid to the
cold start valve solenoid when the engine is hot or
after the starter has been operated for more than
a few seconds, in order to prevent flooding.
-Thermo-time switch

công tắc nhiệt- Measures either air/ fuel temperature,

chân không underbonnet temperature, or coolant temperature,
or a combination of any two to regulate the EGR
valve accordingly (TVS).
-Thermal vacuum switch

công tắc pha cốt Dip switch.

-Dimmer switch

công tắc quạt gió Switch for the fan of a heating and ventilation
system.
-Blower switch

công tắc thủy Safety switch to prevent erroneous deployment of

ngân trong điều the air bag.
khiển túi khí -Mercury switch

công tắc tổ hợp Spindle projecting from the steering column

trên tay lái just below the steering wheel, on which are
grouped controls for some or all the following;
light, windscreen wipers and washers, direction
indicators and horns.
-Control stalk

công tắc xông Key switch for turning on the preheating system
máy of a diesel engine and starting the car.
-Glow plug / starter switch

598 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 công tắt khóa các Switch that renders inoperable all electric window
cửa điện controls on the individual windows, except for the
master controls on the driver’s door.
-Power window lock-out switch
cổng thải thứ ba An additional transfer port located opposite the
của động cơ hai exhaust port of a two-stroke engine cylinder and
kỳ connecting through the piston skirt to the region
above the gudgeon pin and below the piston crown.
-Third scavenging port
cổng thu lệ phí US toll road, especially one that is an expressway.
đường bộ -Turnpike.
công thức Detailed specification, e.g. for a particular class of
motor racing.
-Formula
công thức Nernst Relationship showing that the electromotive force
developed by a dry cell is determined by the
activities of the reacting species, the temperature
of the reaction, and the standard free-energy
change of the overall reaction.
-Nernst equation
công ty sản xuất ô American vehicle manufacturer ; the largest in the
tô GM của Mỹ world. British subsidiary is Vauxhall and the other
European subsidiary is Opel.
-General Motor (GM)
công việc Particular piece of work.
-Job
cốp-pen pít-tông Secondary piston seal in a tandem master
thứ cấp cylinder.
-Secondary seal
cột áp bơm Term used to express the increase of energy
content in a fluid pumped, expressed in units of
energy per unit of mass, usually simply ft (feet).
-Head

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 599

 cốt cam Shaft carrying the cams which operate the valves
usually of a four-stroke engine and rotating at half
engine speed.
-Camshaft

cốt máy Part of the engine connected to the pistons by

connecting rods which converts the reciprocating
or up and down motion of the pistons into rotary
motion used to provide the drive to the wheels via
the clutch and transmission.
-Crankshaft

cột trụ ngiêng A-pillar.

phía trước -Front pillar

cột trục Post bolted to the shop floor or fixed in a concrete

foundation which forms the anchorage for the
chain and hydraulic jack assemblies to straighten
misaligned bodies.
-Pulling post

crôm Hard grey metallic element used in electroplating

and in steel production for extra hardness and
rust resistance.
-Chromium

crômat Salt or ester of chromic acid, often used as pigment.

-Chromate

cú va chạm mạnh Sharp shock when bending, which can break

plastics.
-Flexural shock

cửa bản lề phía Older type of door construction that had the
sau hinges at the rear of the door.
-Rear-hinged door

600 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cửa hậu của xe Estate cars and most hatchback saloons feature
năm cửa a large rear lid that includes the rear window and
opens to give access to the whole interior. In US
English, it is liftgate.
-Tailgate
cửa hông phía May refer to various types of side body glass; the
sau side window between the Band Costs of two-door
saloons, the rearmost side window of estate cars
between the Cand D-post, i.e. behind the rear
seat backrest, and the third side window found
on some four-door saloons behind the rear side
doors.
-Rear side window
cửa hông trượt Window style of classic roadsters, consisting
of aluminium frames with tracks for two sliding
window panels made of clear Plexiglas, and with
draught seals; on some ears, also furnished with
flaps.
-Sliding side window
cửa hút hoặc cửa The inlet or exhaust port of a four-stroke spark
xả ignition engine.
-Valve port
cửa khí ra Opening from which air exits, especially for
ventilation and demiting.
-Air outlet
cửa kính Window pane.
-Glass
cửa kính không Window in an opening door which is not entirely
khung surrounded by a frame.
-Frameless window
cửa kính quay tay Window operated by turning a level by hand.
-Manually operated window

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 601

 cửa kính xe điều In US English, it is electric window.
khiển bằng điện -Power window (pw)

cửa kính xe quay Manually operated window.

tay -Manual-crank window

cưa lỗ Cylindrical shaped saw for use with power tools,

for cutting holes in sheet metal material, e.g. in
car bodies for installation of aerials.
-Holesaw

cửa mở đứng Roof-hinged door that opens upwards; first used

on the Mercedes-Benz 300 SL in the early 1950s.
-Gull-wing door

cửa mui Panel (often translucent) in the roof of a car which

may be tilted or slid open, either manually or
electrically to provide extra light and/or ventilation
(SR).
-Sun roof

cửa mui xe điều Electric sunroof.

khiển điện -ESR

cửa nạp Port in the cylinder of a two-stroke engine through

which the compressed combustible air/fuel
mixture enters the combustion chamber from the
crankcase.
-Transfer port

cưa sắt Handsaw for cutting metal, with a narrow blade

attached to a frame.
-Hacksaw

cửa sổ mui xe Pop-up window in the roof of a caravan.

-Skylight

cửa sổ xe Vehicle window.

- Car window

602 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cửa sổ xem dấu Window through which it is possible to see the
đánh lửa timing marks.
-Timing window
cửa thải Short passage in the cylinder head from the
exhaust valve opening to the exhaust manifold (or
exhaust pipe on a typical motorcycle).
-Exhaust port
cửa thải trên Opening in the cylinder wall used for discharge of
thành xi-lanh the spent gases into the exhaust system.
-Exhaust port
cửa thông gió Opening from which air exits, especially for
ventilation and demiting.
-Air outlet
cửa thông khí (US) small triangular window for letting air into the
passenger compartment.
-Vent 1
cửa trời A sunroof, made of steel or glass, that slides and
tilts and is operated either manually or electrically.
-Tilt/ slide sunroof
cửa xả trong hệ A valve located on the exhaust side of the engine,
thống tăng áp with three connections: to the engine exhaust
manifold, turbine, and silencer; most waste gates
have a control line to the inlet manifold.
-Waste gate
cực Central part which is entirely enclosed, as in an
ignition coil, a sparking plug, an electrical lead or
a tyre valve.
-Core
cực âm ắc quy Negative plate.
-Negative electrode
cực anốt To deposit a hard, non-corroding oxide layer on.
-Anodize

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 603

 cục bảo vệ môi Environmental Protection Agency, which is
trường responsible for recommending environmental
legislation and in the automotive sphere produces
test cycles and estimates fuel economy.
-EPA
cục chớp Flashing direction indicator.
-Flasher
cục chớp điện tử Electronic switch apparatus controlling the
operation of the direction indicators, including
their rate of flash; self-cancelling when the
steering wheel is returned to the straight-ahead
position.
-Electronic flasher unit
cực điện bu-gi The two electrodes in a sparking plug are the
centre electrode and the side (or earth) electrode.
-Sparking plug electrode
cực dương Positive electrode in an electrolytic cell.
-Anode
cực dương hòa Positive electrode of a galvanic cell at which metal
tan ions pass into solution.
-Soluable anode
cực ngoài Outer terminal.
-Outer electrode
cực ra của cuộn The input terminal on a dynamo.
kích từ ở máy -Field terminal
phát
cực tính Property of an electric system that has two points
with different electric potentials.
-Polarity
cu-lông Coulomb.
-C

604 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cụm bánh răng Consists of two simple planetary gear sets with a
hành tinh Simp- common sun gear and internal dears of different
son ;the planet carrier of one set isfixed to the internal
gear of the other set.
-Simpson (planetary) gear set
cụm cảm biến Trigger-activated device which sends a signal to
điện từ the ignition unit of an electronic ignition system.
-Pick-up module
cụm dây chuyền Complete product lines and product support
sơn offered by many paint manufacturers for respray
operations in body shops; these onclude all
materials from primers and thinners to the topcoat
plus additional respray products; all products are
matched for optimum results.
-Refinish system
cụm đèn It is also called lamp unit.
-Light unit
cụm đèn gồm cả Sealed light unit with reflector and lens all-in-one.
gương phản chiếu -Lamp unit
và lăng kính
cụm đèn gồm Group of lamps behind a cover; the rear lights of
nhiều bóng gần most cars are grouped together in clusters.
nhau -Lamp cluster
cụm đèn sau Group of lights at the rear corner of a vehicle,
commonly comprising: tail lamp, brake lamp,
reversing lamp, rear fog lamp, reflector, direction
indicator.
-Rear lamp cluster
cụm điều khiển Control unit.
-Black box
cụm điều khiển Ignition control unit.
đánh lửa -Ignition module

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 605

 cụm điều khiển Electronic control unit.
điện tử -Control unit
cụm động cơ gồm A term used for motorcycles where engine and
động cơ và hộp gearbox are accommodated in one common
số trên xe gắn housing.
máy -Unit engine
cụm hộp số Combination of transmission and differential
ngang và cầu typical of FWD cars with transverse engines.
-Transaxle
cụm ổ bi Assembly of more than one bearing for the same
component, where more than one load has to be
supported.
-Bearing assembly
cụm tổng thành An assembled unit designed to be fitted to a larger
unit of which it is a component; e.g. the steering
gear and front suspension or the final drive and
rear suspension.
-Subassembly
cụm trục và bánh Lay shaft and/or the set of gears mounted on it.
răng -Cluster gear
cụm túi khí The air bag plus inflator and cover.
-Air bag module or unit
cụm van điều Casting located in the sump of an automatic
khiển gearbox, which contains most of the valves for
the hydraulic control system.
-Control valve assembly
cụm van điều Control valve assembly.
khiển thủy lực -Hydraulic control block
cụm van trong hệ Control valve assembly.
thống thuỷ lực -Valve block

606 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cứng Inflexible, without any Flexural or elastic
characteristic.
-Rigid
cung cấp To supply (fuel, oil, current, etc.).
-Feed
cùng chiều kim In the same direction as the hands of a clock.
đồng hồ -Clockwise.
cứng khó uốn Not easily bent or turned.
-Stiff
cuộc kiểm tra khả Form of acceleration test in which two cars at a
năng tăng tốc của time accelerate down a measured quarter-mile
xe strip.
-Drag racing
cuộn dây Device for generating high tension voltage
consisting of primary and secondary windings
around a laminated iron core.
-Coil
cuộn dây cảm Pick-up coil.
biến điện từ -Inductive winding
cuộn dây chống Electric coil used to prevent static in the radio
nhiễu caused by opening and closing of the contact
points in the instrument voltage regulator.
-Radio choke
cuộn dây đánh Coil ingnition system.
lửa -CI
cuộn dây kích từ Field winding.
-Excitation winding
cuộn dây nam An electrically energized coil of insulated wire
châm điện which produces a magnetic field within the coil,
usually used to pull a movable iron core/plunger
to a central position within the coil; used as an
actuating device, e. g. for valves.
-Solenoid

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 607

 cuộn dây pha nối Y-shaped connection of the three stator windings
hình sao trong of an alternator.
máy phát -Y configuration

cuộn dây sơ cấp Outer winding of the ignition coil; typically 200
turns of relatively strong wire. It is opposite to
secondary winding.
-Primary winding

cuộn dây tăng Addition coil which increase the strength of the
điện áp đánh lửa spark.
-Booster coil

cuộn dây thứ cấp Secondary winding.

-Hightension winding(s)

cuộn giữ Part of a relay designed to hold it in the on-

position. It is also called hold-in winding or hold-in
coil
-Hold-in winding

cuộn giữ trong Separate relay coil, such as the hold-in winding in
rơ-le đề a starter solenoid, which is energized by contacts
that close when the relay pulls in, to hold the
relay in its energized position after the original
operating circuit has been broken. It is also called
holding coil.
-Hold-in coil

cuộn hút Winding as used in a starter solenoid that does

the heavy pull-in work.
-Pull-in winding

cuộn kích từ Part which produces a constant-strength magnetic

field in an electric motor or generator, the field
core being on the stator or the rotor depending on
the type of motor or generator.
-Field winding

608 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 cuộn thứ cấp Inner winding of the ignition coil; typically 20,000
to 30,000 turns of very fine wire.
-Secondary winding

cường độ dòng The basic unit for measuring electric current,

điện usually abbreviated to amp.
-Ampere

cường độ dòng Strength of an electric current in amperes, e.g.

điện qua cầu chì used for making fuses.
-Amperage rating

cường độ sáng Luminous intensity of a surface in a given

direction per unit of projected area of the surface,
in candela per square metre; not the same as the
apparent brightness.
-Luminance

đã điều chỉnh ở Set by the works when the vehicle is built (and not
nơi lắp ráp to be altered).
-Factory adjusted

đá mài Rotating abrasive disc for rubbing away metal

and for sharpening tools.
-Grindstone

đá mài tròn Abrasive wheel used for grinding (usually a

composite of hand particles in a resin filler).
-Grinding wheel

đá mài xi-lanh Cylinder hone.

-Glaze breaker

đá tan Soft mineral; a basic magnesium silicate usually

occurring in foliated, granular, or fibrous masses,
used in the manufacture of electrical insulators.
-Talc

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 609

 đá xoáy Special tool for use with an electric drill or air
tools to smooth and polish engine, clutch or brake
cylinders, with a number of honing stones that are
adjusted to different cylinder bore diameters by
spring tension.
-Hone
đặc điểm khí động Aerodynamic properties.
lực học -Aerodynamics
đặc điểm kỹ thuật Detailed technical description of a part, piece of
machinery, plan or proposal.
-Specification
đặc điểm thiết kế Particularly good or unusual aspect of a vehicle,
etc.
-Design feature
đặc tính của vật Specific values for materials, obtained by standard
liệu test methods and available for the selection of
appropriate materials.
-Performance characteristics of materials
đặc tính nạp Charger characteristics showing the dependence
of the current on the voltage during charge.
-Charger characteristics
đặc tính phanh Behaviour of the brakes when operated or amount
of braking effort available.
-Braking performance
đặc tuyến đánh Characteristic map.
lửa sớm -Mapping
đặc tuyến kiểm tra Test characteristic of a fluid converter; result of
biến mô the stall test.
-Stall speed
đai an toàn Shoulder belt.
-Diagonal belt

610 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đai an toàn buộc 2-point belt pulled across the hips, or lap belt
qua hông portion of a combined lap/shoulder belt; mostly
only on the rear centre seat, on some models on
all rear seats.
-Lap belt
đai an toàn quán 3-point seat belt with an automatic retractor reel.
tính -Inertia-reel seat belt
dải băng dọc thân Strip of plastic at the widest point of the body,
xe chống cọ xát along doors and wings down each side of the car
to protect the bodywork from minor knocks, (as
from the open door of a neighbouring car).
-Rubbing strip
đai giữ Circular metal surround or rim of an instrument,
headlamp.
-Bezel
đai hình chữ V Drive belt with multiple Vs; flat, similar to the
toothed belts used as timing belts, but with
lengthwise V-shaped ribs rather than transverse
cogs; used increasingly on new engines instead
of conventional V-belts.
-Poly-V-belt
đai kẹp nhíp Rebound clip which holds the spring leaves of a
leaf spring together.
-Spring clip
đại lý The business that buys and sells goods.
-Dealer.
đại lý ủy quyền Authorized dealer.
mua bán -Franchised dealer
đại lý mua bán xe Person whose business is buying and selling
cars.
-Dealer

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 611

 đại lý ủy quyền Firm selling and servicing a particular make of
vehicle, appointed by the manufacturer.
-Authorized dealer
dải màu tối trên Sun shield.
kính trước để bớt -Windscreen shade band
chói
đai ốc Small, metal block with a threaded central hole so
that it can be screwed on a bolt, screw, etc.
-Nut
đai ốc 12 cạnh 12-Point socket.
-Double hexagon socket
đai ốc bánh xe One of several nuts which holds the wheel and
tyre assembly on the car and are screwed on the
studs. In US English, it is lug nut.
-Wheel nut
đai ốc bắt cọc ắc Special type of lug for connecting a battery with
quy tapered terminal posts.
-Helmet connector or helmet lug
đai ốc bát giác Nut with eight-sided.
-Octagon nut
đai ốc cam In US English, which is wheel nut.
-Lug nut
đai ốc có cánh Wing nut.
-Butterfly nut
đai ốc cố định Nut insert in a sheet metal cage spot-welded to
the body in an inaccessible position, so that the
item fixed to it can be easily removed.
-Captive nut
đai ốc có khía Thumb nut with knurled sides.
-Knurled nut

612 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đai ốc có lỗ để gài Hexagon nut with slots cut in the top of each face,
chốt two of which are lined up with a hole in the bolt or
stud and a split pin inserted to prevent loosening.
-Castellated nut
đai ốc có tai để A nut or screw with projections enabling it to be
tháo lắp bằng tay turned by thumb and forefinger; a wing nut / screw.
-Thumb nut or thumbscrew
đai ốc có tai hay Nut with two flat projections like wings so that it
cánh vặn can be easily turned by hand.
-Wing nut
đai ốc giữ xú-páp Fastener for the valve stem in the upper valve
retainer, e. g. a collet.
-Valve keeper
đai ốc khóa bánh Anti-theft wheel lug bolt/ nut.
xe chống trộm -Locking lug bolt/ nut
đai ốc một đầu bịt Nut whose outer end is closed, covering the
thread.
-Cap nut
đai ốc nối ống dẫn Nut used to secure the connection between pipes
or rods.
-Union nut
đai ốc Rudge Quick-release nut for central-locking wheels.
-Rudge nut
đai ốc tự hãm Self-locking nut.
-Jam nut
đai ốc tự hãm có Self-locking nut with nylon insert.
lồng ni lông -Nylon nut
đai ốc tự khóa Nut with a nylon insert that binds on the thread
and resists vibration.
-Self-locking nut

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 613

 đai phanh Brake consisting of a steel band with a friction
lining passing round a drum, which contracts and
grips the drum, when the brake is applied.
-Band brake
đai răng Toothed belt.
-Cogged belt
đai siết ống Type of right-angled union for a pipe or flexible
hose, comprising a ring-shaped piece on the end
of the pipe through which a threaded hollow bolt
is passed.
-Banjo
đai truyền động Belt passing round two or more pulleys,
transmitting motion from one to the other(s).
-Drive belt
đai truyền động Timing belt.
trục cam -Camshaft drive belt
đại tu To repair and restore to (near) original condition.
-Overhaul
đai tựa an toàn Run-on tyre safety bead seat n. General term for a
trên niềng xe safety contour on the rim bead seat preventing the
tyre bead from sliding into the rim well especially
during cornering manoeuvres.
-Safe stop wheel
đai vải Strong webbing material used for seat belts.
-Belt webbing
dầm cầu bị động Now used for any rigid axle, but the original sense
dạng chữ I was a non-driven axle form of an I-section beam.
-Beam axle
đâm sầm vào To crash.
-Shunt

614 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 dẫn đầu Forward or at the front.
-Leading
dẫn điện Capable of conducting or carrying electricity.
-Conductive
dẫn động Providing motive power, making a gear, shaft, etc.
rotate.
-Driving
dẫn động hai Permanently engaged four-wheel drive
cầu với bộ vi sai incorporating a Torsen differential.
Torsen -Torsen four-wheel drive
dán đường viền Process of coating continuous metal strips with
an organic finishing system for decoration and
protection.
-Coil coating
dàn lạnh In automotive air-conditioning systems, a
heat exchanger designed to absorb heat by
evaporation of a refrigerant (NOTE: opposite is
condenser).
-Evaporator
dàn nóng Device in an air-conditioning system mounted in
front of the car’s radiator with coils and turns to
liquid, which is opposite to evaporator.
-Condenser
dạng tia sơn The shape of the jet of spray leaving a spray gun.
-Spray pattern
dạng tổ ong A pattern of hexagonal shapes, like bees cells.
-Honeycomb
dạng vân lốp xe The shape of the tread as seen in cross section.
-Tread profile

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 615

 dạng xe van A vehicle category introduced in the USA in 1983
with the Chrysler Voyager, and in Europe at the
end of the 1980s with the Renault Espace; a multi-
purpose vehicle for everyday and recreational
use that combines the handling and luxury of a
saloon with the space and headroom of a van;
usually with three rows of seats for at least six
people and with a sliding door on the side space.
-Space wagon
dạng xung chuẩn Oscilloscope pattern of an intact ignition system
đánh lửa vít for comparison purposes.
-Reference ignition pattern
dạng xung đánh Display of the waveforms in the primary or
lửa secondary circuit of an engine system in the firing
order of the engine; optionally parade or display
pattern and stacked or raster pattern.
-Ignition pattern
dạng xung dao Oscilloscope pattern of the primary circuit.
động của mạch sơ -Primary pattern
cấp
đánh bằng giấy To smooth or clean a surface by rubbing with
nhám sandpaper.
-Sand
đánh bóng Slightly abrasive polish which cuts back and
restores the colour and lustre of dull and oxidized
finishes.
-Finish restorer
đánh bóng bằng Producing a special decorative effect with rotating
bàn chải xoay brushes.
-Marbling
đánh bóng như A mirrorlike finish of high reflectivity.
gương -Specular finish or specular gloss.

616 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đánh lửa To set fire to; to catch fire.
-Ignite
đánh lửa bán dẫn Transistorized ignition with hall generator (TCI-H).
có cảm biến Hall -Transistorized coil ignition with Hall sensor
đánh lửa bán dẫn Transistorized ignition system (TCI).
dùng transistor -Transistorized coil ignition system
đánh lửa cưỡng SI engine.
bức -Spark ignition engine
đánh lửa điện dung Capacitor discharge ignition system (thyristor).
-Thyristor ignition
đánh lửa muộn Ignition retard.
-Spark retard
đánh lửa quá sớm The spark is occurring too early.
-The ignition is over-advanced
đánh lửa sớm To cause the spark and therefore combustion to
occur earlier.
-To advance the spark or ignition or timing
đánh lửa sớm áp A series of restriction devices between the
thấp distributor advance unit and the carburettor
advance port to ensure that there is no vacuum
advance during idle, but increasing ignition
advance as the throttle opens (PVA).
-Port vacuum advance
đánh lửa transistor Transistorized Ignition.
-TI
đánh lửa trễ To cause the spark to occur later. It is opposite to
advance.
-Retard
đánh lửa trực tiếp High-voltage distribution achieved without a
không bộ chia điện rotary distributor, using multi-spark ignition coils
or one coil per sparking plug.
-Static high-voltage distribution

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 617

 danh mục phụ Catalogue listing available spare parts.
tùng -Parts catalogue
đánh rỉ sét bằng Cleaning a surface with a jet of sand (or grit)
thổi cát under air or steam pressure.
-Sandblasting
đánh sạch lớp sơn To remove the wax from bodywork.
-Dewax
đảo To swing from side to side when being towed too
fast.
-Snake
dao cạo keo Tool for scraping off dirt, carbon, and paint or for
applying putty.
-Putty knife
dao cắt ống nhỏ Compact tube cutter for cutting brass, copper,
plastic, or thin steel tubing in confined areas.
-Mini tube cutter
dao động dọc của Vertical oscillation of a wheel making it hop up
bánh xe and down rapidly, either because of imbalance or
because the tyre is faulty or badly fitted.
-Wheel patter
dao động ký Electronic measurement device used to display
waveforms or traces of signals.
-Oscilloscope
dao khoét lỗ Tool used to ream, deburr, align, and enlarge
holes, e.g on car bodies. It is also called tapered
reamer.
-Taper cutter
dao xoáy xi-lanh Conically or cylindrically shaped tool with
longitudinally cut teeth for manual or machine
operation, used for precision finishing of bores.
-Reamer

618 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đạp ga Depress the accelerator or step on the accelerator.
-Cause the throttle to open to make the
vehicle go faster
đạp ga khó To press the accelerator hard.
-Gun
đạp hết ga To be going as fast as one can, with the accelerator
fully depressed.
-To be going full throttle.
đắp lại lốp xe Retread.
-Remould
đắp lốp xe To attach a new tread to a used tyre by
vulcanization.
-Retread
đạp nhẹ vào bàn Very gently pressing on the throttle or brake pedal.
đạp ga -Feathering
đạp phanh To put on or apply the brakes = to brake.
-Brake
đáp ứng của xe The way a vehicle reacts to the actions of the
driver (usually with regard to steering).
-Handling (properties)
đạt đến điểm cuối To reach the bottom end of its travel causing a
jolt.
-Bottom
đạt giá trị trung To achieve a certain mean value or rate.
bình -AVC
đặt lên To put (something) on (to something).
-Apply
đặt một góc Set at an angle or to one side.
-Offset

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 619

 dầu bôi trơn động The oil used to lubricate an engine (engine oil)
cơ is refined from crude oil and apart from reducing
friction and wear, cools high-temperature parts
like bearings and piston rings (as well as sealing
the latter against blow-by) and helps to keep
engines clean and free from corrosion caused by
combustion gases.
-Oil
dầu bôi trơn Lubrication oil.
-Lube oil
dầu bôi trơn theo Rating of an oil according to its viscosity.
độ nhớt -Oil grade
dầu bôi trơn bánh Extreme pressure gear oil preventing metal-to-
răng metal contact, used mainly in gearboxes and final
drives units.
-EP gear oil
dầu bôi trơn nhẹ Light lubricating oil refined from crude oil.
-Mineral oil
đầu bu-gi xông Pencil-like heating element of a sheathed-type
dạng bút chì glow plug.
-Glow pencil
đầu búa có mũi lớn A peen and finish hammer with an extra-wide
wedge end well suited to shaping of sharp corners
and beads in panels.
-Wide-nose peen hammer
đầu búa hình nêm The flat peen of a peen and finish hammer,
shaped like a wedge.
-Wedge end
đầu bu-lông có mặt Bolt head under which is a flange.
bích -Flanged head
đầu cách điện trên insulated top of the coil tower.
bô-bin -Insulating cap

620 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đầu cái giắc điện Fitting inside another part, usually where two
parts form a connection of some kind.
-Female connector
đầu cắm dây phin Coil tower.
ở bô-bin -HT outlet
dấu cân cam Valve timing, camshafts, alignment or indexing
mark on a timing gear or camshaft pulley which
must be lined up with another mark to give the
correct position.
-Timing mark
dấu cân chỉnh Mark, e.g. on a timing gear or camshaft pulley,
which must be brought into line with another mark
too give the correct position.
-Alignment mark
dấu cân lửa Ignition timing, timing indicator or pointer on the
engine block and rotating mark on the flywheel for
basic ignition timing.
-Timing mark
dầu chạy rà máy Engine oil for use when run in new bearings.
-Bedding-in oil
dấu chỉ xú-páp nạp Mark on a valvetiming diagram (IVC).
đóng -Inlet valve closes
dấu chỉ xú-páp nạp Mark on a valvetiming diagram (IVO).
mở -Inlet valve opens
dầu cho động cơ Diesel fuel.
diesel -Diesel oil
đầu chống súng Nose covering composed of composite materials
bắn tốc độ that absorb microwaves emitted by radar devices
and significantly diminish the return signal, making a
car less detectable to police radar; ineffective against
speed cameras or light-operated speed guns.
-Stealth Bra

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 621

 dấu chứng nhận Road fund licence disc displayed on the
thuế windscreen to show that road tax has been paid.
-Tax disc
đầu chụp bu-gi Moulded rubber or plastic insulator which fits over
a sparking plug terminal.
-Sparking plug boot
đầu chụp cầu chì Cap covering the end of a piece of trim or of a
fuse.
-End cap
đầu chuyển tiếp Adapter.
-Converter
đầu cực ắc quy Special type of battery connection consisting of
kiểu Ford a flat lug with nut and bolt between the battery
cables and terminal posts.
-Ford-type lug or terminal
đầu dẫn động End of an alternator, dynamo, etc., where the
pulley or gear accepting the drive is situated.
-Drive end
dầu đánh bóng gỗ Wood veneer used for dashboards and door
nội thất cappings in luxury cars.
-Burr walnut
đầu dây cáp ắc quy Outer layer, now nearly always of plastic, serving
as electrical insulation for cables.
-Covering
đầu dây điện Wiring pigtail.
-Pigtail
đấu dây kiểu tam Triangular connection of the three stator windings
giác of an alternator.
-Delta configuration

622 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đầu dây thiết bị Short length of wire, usually with connector,
permanently attached to an electric component,
such as an oxygen sensor.
-Wiring pigtail
đầu điện cực Earth electrode protruding above centre electrode,
either full coverage type or set back slightly from
the far edge of the centre electrode.
-Top electrode
đầu điện cực bu-gi Part of the sparking plug extending into the
combustion chamber.
-Firing end
dầu đơn cấp Single-grade (engine) oil.
-Straight weight (engine) oil
đầu gắn lưỡi The part of a bit which is held in the drill.
khoan -Shank
đầu giữ đai an toàn Part of the seat belt carrying the buckle and
attached to the floor pan, increasing replaced by
buckle attached directly to the car seat.
-Belt end
đầu giữ dây phin Typically, a T-shaped and sometimes chrome-
plated steel holder with cable guide holes and
plastic inserts; keeps cables neatly in place and
eliminates ignition leakage.
-Sparking plug cable or loom separator.
dầu hỏa Paraffin.
-Kerosene or kerosine.
dầu hộp số Motor oil used in gear boxes and final drives;
usually of higher viscosity than engine oil.
-Gear oil
dầu hộp số bánh Special lubricant for hypoid gears.
răng vít -Hypoid oil

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 623

 dầu hộp số tự Automatic transmission flu.
động -ATF
đầu kẹp cáp Device for connecting cable to their terminals,
especially battery cables to the terminal posts.
-Cable clamp
dầu làm bong gỉ Penetrating oil for loosening seized parts.
sét -Releasing fluid
dầu làm sạch Thin oil for cleaning out the sump, oil ways, etc.
-Flushing oil
dầu lửa In automotive applications, used as a solvent for
removing grease. In US English, it is kerosene.
-Paraffin
đầu mũi búa Ball-shaped, or narrow wedge-shaped end of a
hammer head opposite the flattened striking face.
-Peen
đầu nạp ri-vê Insert for pop-rivet pliers that is used to allow
various pop-rivet diameters to be used.
-Nosepiece
đầu nhỏ thanh Small end of the connecting rod.
truyền -Little end
dầu nhờn Thick, viscous lubricant for machinery made from
oil and metallic soaps.
-Grease
đầu nhọn xung Displayed as a firing spike on an oscilloscope
đánh lửa pattern.
-Spark head
dầu nhớt đa cấp If an engine oil meets the viscosity requirements
of several different single-grade engine oil types
it is referred to as multigrade.
-Multigrade oil

624 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 dầu nhớt đơn cấp Oil suitable for use within a narrow temperature
range; outside this range, its flow characteristics
will not allow adequate lubrication.
-Single-grade (engine) oil
dầu nhớt động cơ Engine oil or gear oil.
-Motor oil
dầu nhớt tổng hợp Non-petroleum based oil; more expensive than
mineral oil but more resistant to breakdown
at high temperatures and less viscous at low
temperatures.
-Synthetic engine oil
đầu nối Short lead with a terminal at the end fitted to a
component as supplied.
-Flylead
đầu nối cần siết The top part of a tool; the heads designed for use
with interchangeable head torque wrenches, for
example, come in a variety of shapes, e.g. with
open jaw end or ratchet mechanism.
-Head
đầu nối cần siết để Special extension with a unique male end that
quay nghiêng enables the user to drive the socket up to 150
from vertical.
-Wobble extension (bar)
dầu nới lỏng Thin oil used to loosen corroded parts.
những phần bị ăn -Penetrating oil
mòn
đầu nối lục giác Tool that allows a screwdriver to be turned with
a wrench for extra torque to loosen tight screws.
-Hexagon(al) bolster or hexagon(al) collar
đầu ống cổ pô Headpipe.
-Header

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 625

 đầu ống pô chữ Y (exhaust system) Y-shaped down pipe
connecting a two-branch exhaust manifold to a
single exhaust pipe.
-Y-pipe

dầu phanh Special thin oil used in hydraulic brake systems to

transmit force through a closed system of pipes.
-Brake fluid

dầu phanh silicon Brake fluid does not absorb water.

-Silicon brake fluid

dầu phanh tốt Brake fluid made to a particularly high specification.

-DOT 4

đầu ra cuộn kích từ Field (terminal).

-F

đầu rô-tuyn Steering ball joint at the outer end of a tie rod.
-Tie rod end

đầu sứ cách điện Insulator tip that extends beyond the end of the
bougie sparking plug shell.
-Projected core/ insulator nose.

đầu xú-páp Valve head.

-Valve crown

dấu xú-páp thải Mark on a valve-timing diagram.

đóng -Exhaust valve closes (EVC)

dấu xú-páp thải mở Mark on a valve-timing diagram.

-Exhaust valve opens (EVO)

dầu thấm Penetrating oil.

-Easing fluid

đầu thanh truyền Top of a connecting rod, attached to the

gudgeon pin.
-Small end

626 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 dầu thô The crude oil from which petrol, lubricating oil,
and other such products are refined.
-Petroleum
đầu thứ cấp của Top of the standard type of ignition coil in which
bô-bin the socket for the ht lead to the distributor is
found, projecting upwards.
-Coil tower
dầu thủy lực Special oil used in hydraulic systems, such as
power steering, self-levelling suspension, to
operate the system of master and slave cylinders.
-Hydraulic fluid
đầu trộn khí của Head of an oxy-acetylence torch by which the
mỏ hàn hơi mixture of oxygen and acetylene can be adjusted.
-Mixing head
đầu tư có hiệu quả Worthwhile in terms of tangible benefits produced
by money spent.
-Cost-effective
đầu tuýp Cylindrical spanner head with one end shaped to fit
over the head of a nut or bolt, and a female square
drive at the other end to accept the drive tool.
-Socket
đầu van dẫn Sliding cylindrical internal part of a valve with one
hướng dầu or more sections of reduced diameter.
-Valve spool
đầu xe Body area incorporating the leading edge of
the wings, the head-lights, radiator grille and
bumper, i.e. the full area that makes up the frontal
appearance of the car.
-Front end
đậu xe xiên góc Parking at an angle to the pavement or parking
với lề đường line.
-Angle park

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 627

 dây an toàn Seat belt.
-Safety belt

dây cao áp Sparking plug lead, also caled HT lead.

-Hightension lead

dây cáp Assembly of insulated electrical conductors,

usually wires, laid together, often around a central
core and surrounded by a heavy insulation, for
heavy duty applications such as battery cables.
-Cable

dây cáp đồng hồ Cable carrying the drive from the gearbox, or a
đo tốc độ front wheel, to the speedometer.
-Speedometer (drive) cable

dây cáp sang số Cables that in rare cases operate the gearbox;
normally a system of rods and joints (linkages)
are used.
-Gearchange cables

đẩy chất lỏng bằng Discharging of a liquid from a pump, etc.

bơm -Delivery

dây chuyền sản System in which the parts of an end product are
xuất transported by a conveyor past a number of sites
where the parts are modified without stopping the
conveyor.
-Production line

dây chuyền sơn Route taken (and processes undergone) by the

bodywork of a newly manufactured vehicle on its
way through the paint shop.
-Painting line

dây curoa cam Timing belt.

-Cam belt

628 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 dây đai Loop of strong material passed round two or more
pulleys and transmitting drive from one to the
other, such as a fan belt or timing belt.
-Belt
dây đai an toàn Seat belt.
- Safety belt
dây đai an toàn Seat belt with no automatic belt retractor and
điều chỉnh bằng whose length is manually adjusted.
tay -Atatic belt.
dây đai an toàn Inertia-reel belt fitted at each end of the rear
ghế sau seats; a passenger riding in the middle of the rear
seats must be satisfied with just a lap belt, which
many safety experts regard as inadequate.
-Rear seat belt
dây đai cân bằng Belt consisting of cords (usually fine steel wire)
embedded in rubber directly beneath the tread
and above the radial cord body plies.
-Stabilizer belt
dây đai chữ V Drive belt with a V-shaped cross section, for
transmission of low to moderate forces; typically
used to drive generators, water pumps, air
pumps, air conditioner compressor units and
power steering pumps.
-V-belt
dây đai dạng chữ V V-belt.
-Vee-belt
dây đai dạng chữ Y Y-shaped belt design used to restrain babies in a
baby seat.
-Y-belt
dây đai kéo quạt Originally and logically, the V-belt used to drive
the engine fan from a pulley on the front of the
crankshaft, which also drives the dynamo or
alternator and in some cases the water pump.
-Fan belt

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 629

 dây đai răng Positive-action reinforced rubber or plastic belt
in which parallel teeth engage with grooves in a
driving and a driven wheel; commonly used for
the valve timimg gear as an alternative.
-Toothed belt

dây điện bện từ One of a number of wires twisted together to form

nhiều sợi an electrical conductor or cable.
-Strand

dây điện với dòng Rod or other electrical conductor carrying a large
lớn và điện áp current at a constant voltage and connecting
không đổi several circuits.
-Busbar

dây kéo xe Rope, or textile or plastic covered cable,ususally

no longer than 5 metres, used for towing another
vehicle.
-Towrope

dây nhiệt Element in a hotwire airflow meter.

-Hot-wire element

dây nối ắc quy Jump lead.

-Booster cable

dây nối bình Plug on battery-powered vehicle to connect the

batteries to a charging station.
-Battery connector

dây nối đất Return path of an electrical systems, which in a

motor vehicle is provided by the metal body and
chassis. In US English, it is earth conductor.
-Ground wire

dây nối điện Connection cable for an electric current.

-Lead

630 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 dây nối mát cho ắc Piece of braided wire for earthing the battery, with
quy a clip for attachment to the appropriate battery
terminal at one and a terminal for connecting to
the chassis or body at the other.
-Earth strap
dây nối tắt In US English, it is jump lead.
-Jumper cable
dây phin HT lead form the coil to the distributor.
-Coil lead
dây phin đánh lửa Sparking plug cable.
-Sparking plug lead
dây phin lõi đồng HT lead with a copper core.
-Copper-core lead
dây phin than HT or ignition leads with a tiny diameter core of
carbon or graphite.
-Carbon-core lead
đẩy ra To pour out liquid from a pump.
-Discharge
dãy số trong hộp Choice of gears in an automatic gearbox; the
số tự động typical gear ranges are: P-Park, R-Reverse,
NNeutral, D-Drive, L-Low.
-Gear range
đầy tải Engine operating conditions where the accelerator
is fully depressed, i.e. the throttle is fully open,
which does not necessarily mean high engine
speed.
-Full load
dây tóc bóng đèn Thin, usually tungsten wire in a light bulb which
becomes incandescent when current is passed
through it.
-Filament

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 631

 dây tóc của bu-gi To burn without flames.
xông -Glow

dây xích an toàn Two, crossed chains linking the trailer and vehicle
frame as a safeguard if the towing hitch fails.
-Safety chains

dây xích bọc vỏ xe Chains which are wrapped around tyres to provide
extra traction in snow or ice.
-Snow chains

dây xích có răng Chain with V-shaped teeth.

chữ V -Silent chain

dây xích con lăn Power-transmitting chain in which each link

consists of two free-moving rollers located by pins
connected to sideplates.
-Roller chain

dây xích truyền A single or double roller chain at the engine front
động trục cam that transmits crankshaft power to the camshaft;
typicaly used in OHC-engines. It is also called
camshaft chain or cam chain.
-Timing chain

dãy xy-lanh One half of the V in a V-engine; i.e. one of the two
rows of four cylinders in the case of a V-8.
-Cylinder bank

đe Heavy iron block on which something is placed

for forging.
-Anvil

đế Area into which another part fits securely (such as

the seal between a sparking plug or valve and the
cylinder head).
-Seat

632 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đế bắt ghế Mounting panel for the seat rails, spot-welded
to the floorpan; the front consoles are usually
somewhat higher than the rear ones to produce
the desired angle of the seating surface.
-Seat rail console
đế cam Lowest point of a cam opposite the lobe.
-Cam heel
dễ cháy Capable of being easily ignited and of burning
quickly.
-Inflammable
đế chổi than In a starter motor, generator or alternator the
part holding the carbon brushes and providing
guidance for the spring loaded brushes to maintain
their contact with the commutator or slip ring.
-Brush holder
đe dạng gối Dolly in the form of a heel (of a foot).
-Heel dolly
đế giữ bi trong ổ bi Circular frame which holds the balls or rollers in
place in a ball or roller bearing.
-Bearing cage
đế giữ lò xo xú- Seat retaining the bottom of the valve spring.
páp -Valve spring seat.
đe gỗ Shaped wooden block for use in panel beating, on
which a desired shape is produced by hammering.
-Former
đe gỗ làm đồng Shaped wooden block used in panel beating, on
which a desired form is produced by hammering.
-Hammerform
đe hình nấm Dolly with a shank to allow it to be hand-held or
clamped in a vice; a more or less rounded head
may be fitted to one or both ends of the shank.
-Mushroom-shaped dolly

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 633

 đế hộp lái Mounting locations and reinforcements for fitting
the steering box to the bulkhead or side member.
-Steering support structure
đế kẹp bánh xe Bead heel.
-Wheel clamp heel
đe lớn Metalworking tool shaped like a large tyre lever
with flat hooked ends for levering bent panels
back into position.
-Levering bar
đề máy To turn (the engine) by means of the starter or
with a handle.
-Crank
đè nén To place under pressure or to squeeze into a
small space.
-Compress
đệm Generally, anything that separates one part from
another.
-Spacer
đệm bu-gi Gas-tight seal between centre electrode and
insulation and between insulation and shell.
Sillment.
-Sillment seal
đệm cao su bảo vệ Strip of rubber or plastic which fits over the edge
cửa of the door to protect it from damage when it is
opened carelessly.
-Door protector
đệm chặn nhớt Oil seal between two stationary parts. It is opposite
to dynamic seal.
-Static seal
đệm chống ồn khi Shim is placed behind the brake piston (or behind
phanh the brake pad in disc brakes) to reduce squeal.
-Anti-squeal shim

634 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đệm di động Oil seal between a moving and a stationary part.
-Dynamic seal
đệm điện cực A conducting seal in the middle of some sparking
trung tâm bu-gi plug insulators connecting the top and bottom
parts of the central electrode.
-Glass seal
đệm giảm va chạm Some child seats secure the child by an impact
cushion in addition to the seat belt or straps.
-Impact cushion
đệm giảm xóc Compression buffer at the top of the shock
absorber or strut.
-Jounce buffer or bumper
đệm kín Seal.
-Gasket
-Cylinder head gasket
đệm kín đầu trục Shaft seal consisting of two highly polished
mating surfaces, one surface being connected to
the shaft (rotating element) and the other to the
casing (stationary element).
-Mechanical (face) seal
đệm kín đỉnh Gas seal to the epitrochoidal surface in a rotary
pít-tông động cơ piston engine, with the same function as the
Wankel piston ring on a conventional piston engine.
-Sealing strip
đệm kín nắp dàn Gasket between the cylinder head and the rocker
cò xú-páp cover; usually either a flat paper or cork gasket or
an O-ring.
-Rocker cover gasket
đệm làm kín cửa Weather-strip fitted to the door surround to form a
seal when the door is closed.
-Door seal

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 635

 đệm lót các-te dầu Gasket fitted between the cylinder block and the
sump.
-Sump gasket
đệm nắp ca-pô Rubber buffer mounted on the vertical panel on
which the bonnet is lowered.
-Bonnet bump rubber or bonnet bump
đèn Lighting unit.
-Lamp
đèn bảng số Lamp providing white illumination of the rear
numberplate.
-Numberplate lamp
đèn bảng số sau xe While light illuminating the rear nemberplate.
-Rear numberplate light or lamp
đèn báo áp suất Instrument panel light used to show pressure
dầu bôi trơn warning when oil pressure falls below a certain
level.
-Oil pressure warning light
đèn báo bên hông Low-intensity white front lamp, often incorporated
in the headlamp mounted on the side of a vehicle
to indicate its presence when seen side-on.
-Side marker light/ lamp
đèn báo đang bật Blue indicator light in the instrument cluster which
pha comes on when the main beam is in use.
-Main beam indicator
đèn báo dây đai an Light on the instrument panel which illuminates if
toàn seat belts are not properly secured.
-Seat belt warning light
đèn báo đóng mở Lamp that illuminates when the headlight covers
chụp đèn đầu are opening or closing.
-Headlight retractor indicator lamp
đèn báo hư hỏng Small lamps on the instrument panel that light up
if there is a problem.
636 -WarningTừ lamp
điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô
or light
 đèn báo kiểm tra Light which indicates a malfunction of the engine
động cơ system.
-Check engine warning light
đèn báo mực dầu Engine oil level warning light.
-Low oil warning light
đèn báo mức nhiên Warning light which comes on when fuel is getting
liệu thấp low (usually indicating, when the light first comes
on, that there is still sufficient fuel to travel at least
25-50 miles).
-Low fuel indicator
đèn báo mực nhớt Light on the instrument panel which comes on
động cơ when the oil in the sump falls below a certain
level.
-Engine oil level warning light
đèn báo mực nước Light on the instrument panel with comes on
làm mát when there is too little coolant in the cooling
system.
-Coolant level warning light
đèn báo nạp Warning light on the instrument panel which
comes on when the alternator is not charging.
-Alternator charging light (ALT)
đèn báo pha Light on the instrument panel which comes on
usually only when the main headlight beam is
in use.
-Beam indicator
đèn báo phanh Light which can serve several purposes, such
as indicating a low fluid lever in the brake fluid
reservoir, a malfunction in one of two separate
braking circuits, executive wear of brake pads or
linings, or when the handbrake is applied with the
ignition switch on.
-Brake warning light

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 637

 đèn báo phanh tay Light that illuminates when the handbrake is
applied; on most new cars it has been superseded
by a multifunction brake warning light.
-Handbrake warning light
đèn báo rẽ Winking signal lights on either side of the vehicle
at front and rear, which are used to indicate the
other drivers about turning right or left.
-Direction indicator
đèn báo rẽ kiểu cũ Direction indicator used before flashers were
introduced, consisting of a lighted arrow that
popped out from the side of the car when the turn
indicator switch was actuated. It is also called
trafficator.
-Semaphore indicator.
đèn báo rẽ bên Small (amber) direction indicator located in the
hông xe side of the frontwings.
-Side flasher
đèn báo rẽ trên Lamp on an instrument panel that lights up to
táp-lô show the operation of something, especially the
illuminated arrow that indicates the direction in
which a vehicle is about to turn.
-Indicator (light)
đèn báo rẽ tự tắt All modern direction indicators switch off
automatically when the steering wheel is returned
to the straight-ahead position.
-Self-cancelling indicator
đèn báo sạc Instrument showing the state of charge of the
battery.
-Battery charge indicator
đèn báo số Indicator positioned in the instrument cluster or
on the centre console shift gate indicating which
gear has been selected in an automatic gearbox.
-Gear selector indicator

638 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đèn báo túi khí Airbag warning light.
-SRS warning light
đèn báo xi nhan Lights are located on the instrument panel. One
of which flashes when the indicators are being
operated; usually in the shape of a green arrow.
-Direction indicator warning lights
đèn báo xông máy Monitoring element in a preheater system, which
changes the colour of its filament in line with the
plug and indicating readiness for starting.
-Glow plug indicator
đèn báo yêu cầu Indicator light in the instrument panel that warns
giảm tốc the driver to slow down in the event of excessive
catalytic converter temperature.
-Slow down indicator
đèn canh góc đánh Stroboscopic light used to set the ignition timing.
lửa -Timing light
đèn canh lửa Stroboscope.
-Strobe lamp/light
đèn canh thời điểm Dynamic ignition timing.
đánh lửa -Stroboscopic ignition timing
đèn chỉ báo mực Warning light on the instrument panel which
dầu thắng comes on when the level of hydraulic fluid in the
braking system is too low.
-Fluid level warning indicator
đèn cốt Lower beams direct at the road closer to the front
of the vehicle than the main beam in order not to
dazzle drivers of oncoming vehicles, and also to the
near side to illuminate the side of the road. They are
achieved by switching to a second filament in the
headlight bulb, which is closer to the upper half of
the reflector. In US English, it is low beam.
-Dipped beam

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 639

 đèn đầu Yaw angle headlamp main light on the front of a
vehicle.
-Headlamp or head light
đèn đầu có hai Headlamp arrangement containing two
bóng headlights; the outer lights provide the main and
dipped beams, the inner lights are for main beam
only.
-Twin headlamp
đèn đầu dạng Ellipsoidal headlight with a reflector which is wider
ellipsoid than its height, and not circular, has replaced the
parabolic reflector.
-Electrostatic painting or spraying
đèn đầu dùng bóng High intensity reflector with inner halogen bulb,
halogen precision lens, and 3-prong attachment.
-Halogen headlight
đèn đầu hình chữ Modern shape of headlamp as opposed to the
nhật traditional circular headlamp.
-Rectangular headlamp
đèn đầu hình dáng Free-form headlight using a free-shape reflector.
thanh nhã -FF headlight
đèn đầu hoặc bóng Gas discharge headlight or lamp.
đèn khí -Gaseous discharge headlight or lamp
đèn đầu loại nén Motor vehicle headlight with a gas discharge
khí lamp.
-Gas discharge headlight
đèn đầu nhiều tiêu Conventional headlight with a multiple focus
điểm parabolic reflector.
-Multi-focal headlight
đèn đầu với bóng Headlight with a gas discharge lamp and a poly-
cao áp và choá ellipsoidal reflector.
hình polyellipsoid -PE headlight

640 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đèn đầu với hai Type of headlamp with two reflectors, the inner one
gương phản chiếu being of shorter focal length than the main one.
-Homofocal headlamp
đèn đầu xe loại Lonventional headlight with a multiple-focus
nhiều tiêu điểm parabolic reflector.
-MF headlight
đèn đầu xếp được Concealed headlights.
-Retractable headlights
đèn đỏ giao thông Red light on a traffic signal indicating that vehicles
should stop.
-Stop light
đèn đỗ xe Energy-saving vehicle illumination mode for
longterm roadside parking; includes only one
front sidelight and one taillight; the parking light
can be switched to illuminate the LH or RH side.
-Parking light/ lamp
đèn đọc sách xoay Flexible-stemmed map lamp.
được -Gooseneck map light
đèn đốt sơn Tool giving an intense flame for burning off paint,
brazing and soldering , and heating lead filter.
-Blowlamp
đèn đuôi Red rear light that illuminates as soon as the
lights are switched on, to indicate the presence of
a vehicle from the rear.
-Tail light or lamp
đèn kích thước Lamp mounted on the roof of vans, lorries and
other large vehicles at the left-hand and the right-
hand corners to show the maximum height and
width of the vehicle.
-Clearance market lamp
đèn kích thước Side marker light/ lamp.
hông xe -Marker light/ lamp

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 641

 đèn kiểm tra mạch Automotive tool used to test powered circuits on
điện 6 - 24 volt systems such as headlights, horns,
directional or tail lights.
-Test lamp/ light
đèn lái Spot lamp.
-Driving lamp
đèn lái phụ Lamp suplementing the light from the headlamps,
such as a fog lamp or spot lamp.
-Auxiliary driving lamp
đèn lùi Light at the rear of a vehicle which comes on
automatically when reverse gear is engaged and
illuminates the road behind the vehicle. In US
English, it is back-up light.
-Reversing light
đèn lùi xe Reversing light.
-Back-up light
đèn mui xe Dome-shaped interior light.
-Dome lamp
đèn nhỏ trong đèn Low-intensity white front lamp, often incorporated
đầu in the headlamp.
-Sidelight
đèn nội soi Instrument used to see into the interior of hollow
cavities such as box sections.
-Endoscope
đèn pha Main beam.
-High beam
đèn pha có chóa Standard American headlamp design; lens,
đèn filament and reflector are sealed into one unit,
which eliminates reflector corrosion but when a
filament is broken, a new sealed beam unit must
be installed.
-Sealed-beam headlight or unit

642 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đèn pha kiểu hình Traditional shape of headlamp as opposed to the
tròn modern rectangular headlamp.
-Circular headlamp
đèn pha nghiêng Old headlamp type used on the VW Beetle prior
to 1967.
-Sloping headlamp.
đèn pha phía trong The inner one of twin headlights (as for BMWs or
the Jaguar XJ series); usually for main beam only.
It is opposite to outer headlight.
-Inner headlight
đèn pha xếp Headlight which is hidden under covers until
required, when they are raised into position.
-Concealed headlight
đèn phanh Red rear light activated when the foot brake is
applied; usually integrated in a tail light assembly.
-Brake light
đèn phanh đặt giữa Third brake light mounted in the middle of the rear
kính sau window or on some cars integrated in the trailing
edge of the rear deck spoiler.
-Highmounted brake light
đèn phanh phụ Additional brake lights mounted at eye level in the
rear window to reduce the risk of being run into
from behind.
-Auxiliary brake lights
đèn rọi xa Long-range, narrow-beamed light used in addition
to the headlamps.
-Spot lamp
đèn sàn xe Lamp in the bottom of a luxury car door which
illuminates the area into which a passenger is
going to step when the door is opened.
-Puddle lamp

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 643

 đèn sấy sơn Infrared lamp which accelerates the drying of
large areas of fresh paint.
-Infrared radiant drier
đèn soi xe Mains-powered lamp with a long lead, used in
garages to inspect the underside of cars and
under the bonnet.
-Inspection lamp.
đèn sương mù Red light of the same intensity as a brake light.
đằng sau -Rear fog light or lamp
đèn sương mù (mounted at the front) Lamp giving a wide
phía trước low beam which penetrates fog, rain, etc. and
illuminates the sides of the road.
-Fog lamp
đèn tín hiệu giao Red, amber, and green lights on a traffic signal
thông placed at junctions to regulate the flow of traffic.
-Traffic light
đèn trần Interior light which comes on when the door is
opened.
-Courtesy light
đèn trang trí US decorated courtesy light mounted on the
central pillar.
-Opera light
đèn trụ cửa Courtesy light mounted on the central pillar.
-Pillar light
đèn trước đầu xe Main light on the front of a vehicle.
-Headlight
đèn xem bản đồ Interior light to facilitate, for example, map
reading.
-Map light
đèn xi nhan Direction indicator.
-Turn signal indicator

644 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đèn xi nhan hông Direction indicator on the side of a vehicle.
-Repeater (lamp)
di chuyển tự do Free to move (within prescribed limits).
-Floating
đi-ốt Zener Voltage regulator diode in electronic ignition and
alternator output circuits
-Zener diode
đi tắt qua điện trở Bypass of the ballast resistor.
phụ -Start bypass
đi tiếp To start from rest; to begin to drive away.
-Move off
đi vòng To go round an object so as to avoid it.
-Bypass
đĩa In clutch, which is disc.
-Plate
đĩa bản lề cửa Reinforcing plate between the hinge and the door
panel which distributes the forces acting on the
hinge bolts over a larger area of the panel.
-Hinge plate
đĩa bánh xe Part of the wheel that connects the rim to the hub;
its design is governed by specific rim type, axle
connection, brake contour, brake cooling, hub
cap fixing, load capacity and attractive styling.
-Wheel disc
đĩa bị động Driven plate.
-Thrust plate
đĩa bị động ly hợp Central clutch plate carrying clutch linings and
held under pressure between the flywheel and the
pressure plate when the clutch pedal is released,
and transmitting power to the gearbox input shaft
via splines.
-Driven plate

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 645

 đĩa cân bằng bơm Balance device in centrifugal pumps, in the front
ly tâm of a disc fitted to the pump shaft, which lifts when
a force is generated on the underside of the
disc, leaking pressure until the axial forces are
balanced.
-Balance disc
đĩa cắt Abrasive wheel of an angle grinder.
-Cutting disc
đĩa đá mài Rotating disc of sanding or grinding tool.
-Abrasive disc
đĩa dẫn động biến Drive plate.
mô -Torque converter drive plate
đĩa ép trong ly hợp In transmission, the part of the clutch assembly
which is pressed against the clutch plate by the
clutch springs to transmit the drive.
-Pressure plate
đĩa gắn biến mô Light plate bolted to the crankshaft to which the
torque converter is attached in a vehicle with
automatic transmission.
-Drive plate
đĩa giữ Plate which prevents a value from sliding out of
its bore.
-Retainer plate
đĩa làm mát phanh Two discs in a disc brake system separated by
ribs and channels to allow cooling air to disperse
the heat between the discs.
-Ventilated discs
đĩa ly hợp Clutch plate.
-Clutch disc
đĩa ma sát Driven plate of a clutch to which the friction lining
is attached.
-Friction plate

646 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đĩa mài Round, rubber disc is powered by an electric drill
and it is covered with abrasive paper for rough
sanding work.
-Disc sander

đĩa nối mềm A disc-style flexible coupling.

-Hardy disc

đĩa phanh Flat metal disc in a disc brake system, mounted

on a wheel hub and rotating with the wheel until
acted on by the brake pads.
-Brake disc

đĩa phanh đặc Unventilated.

-Solid brake disc

đĩa quấn giấy Rubber or plastic block designed to accept strips

nhám of sandpaper for manual sanding.
-Sanding block

đĩa tiếp hợp A plate which allows the mounting of a different

part from the original.
-Adapter plate

đĩa truyền động Disc between the driven plates in a twin plate
trung gian clutch.
-Interplate

điểm bôi trơn Place at which to apply lubricant.

-Lubrication point

điểm chết Position of the piston either at the top or the

bottom of its stroke.
- Dead center

điểm chết dưới Bottom dead center.

-BDC

điểm chết trên It is alsocalled top dead center.

-Top dead center or inner dead center

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 647

 điểm đặt kích dưới Strengthened place on the under body to put the
gầm xe jack. With small cars, which have one point on
each side, but larger cars it may have two.
-Jacking point
điểm đội gầm xe Any of the lifting points specified by the
manufacturer for supporting the car on a lifting
platform.
-Lifting platform take-up point
điểm dừng Part which another part comes up against so
that its motion is stopped; a more formal word for
‘stop’.
-Abutment
điểm gia cố Internal reinforcement between panels.
- Reinforcement point
điểm giật Point during acceleration at which the engine
hesitates and stops accelerating for an instant.
-Flat spot
điểm khởi cháy Flash point.
-Ignition temperature
điểm kiểm tra Particular point on a piece of equipment where
it is possible to check if there is any malfunction.
-Check point
điểm mù Area not visible from the driver’s seat.
-Blind spot
điểm ngưng tụ Temperature at which vapour begins to condense.
-Dew point
điểm nóng Point of contact below the carburettor, between
the inlet manifold and exhaust manifold.
-Hot spot
điểm sôi Temperature at which a liquid boils.
-Boiling point

648 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 điểm tiếp xúc mặt To make contact with the ground.
đường -Bottom
điểm tiếp xúc vít Individual contact of a contact breaker.
lửa -Contact breaker point
điểm tựa chốt quay Point on which a part pivots, especially a lever.
-Fulcrum
điện Operated by or derived from electricity.
-Electric
điện áp cao Capable of operating at a relatively high voltage (HT).
-High tension
điện áp đánh lửa The voltage at which the spark jumps across the
electrodes; 30,000 V are quite common today.
-Ignition voltage
điện áp định mức Rated voltage.
-Nominal voltage
điện áp ngược Voltage which opposes the current when the
current in an inductive circuit changes and the
magnetic fields cut the conductors.
-Back-voltage
điện cực Conductor which leads current into a gas, liquid or
vacuum, such as those in a sparking plug between
which the spark passes to ignite the mixture.
-Electrode
điện cực 3 chấu Earth electrode having three bridges attached to its
bu-gi end points, which from a link to the treaded shell.
-Triangular earth electrode
điện cực bạch kim Sparking plug an electrode made of platinum
lasts longer than one of nickel alloy as it can
better withstand high temperatures.
-Platinum electrode

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 649

 điện cực bìa Electrode on the inside of the distributor cap, one
outer terminal being assigned to each sparking
plug; the distributor rotor distributes the firing
voltage from the central electrode to the outer
terminals. It is opposite to centre electrode.
-Outer terminal/ outer electrode
điện cực bìa bu-gi Side electrode of a sparking plug, which is
opposite to centre electrode.
-Earth electrode
điện cực bu-gi Earth electrode at the side of the threaded part of
a sparking plug shell.
-Side electrode
điện cực dương ắc In battery, it is positive plate.
quy -Positive electrode
điện cực trung tâm Electrode for a sparking plug with a copper core
and a jacket of a nickel-based alloy.
-Compound (centre) electrode
điện cực trung tâm Terminal tower.
bộ chia điện -Distributor tower
điện lượng Unit of the quantity of electricity flowing in one
hour through a conductor carrying a current of 1
ampere.
-Ampere-hour (A.h.)
điện một chiều Direct current.
-DC
điện thế Stretching force.
-Tension
điện thế đánh lửa Ignition voltage.
-Spark discharge voltage
điện thoại di động Cellular telephone.
-Mobile phone

650 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 điện thoại trên xe Voice operated telephone using microphone and
loudspeaker, leaving hands free to drive.
-Hands-free car phone
điện thoại trong xe Cellular telephone installed in a car.
-Car phone
điện tích Defined quantity of electricity, which may be
positive, as with protons, or negative, as with
electrons.
-Electric charge
điện trở Component that reduces the current in an
electrical circuit.
-Resistor
điện trở bề mặt The electrical resistance of the surface of an
insulator.
-Surface resistance
điện trở chất điện The transition resistance between the electrodes
phân and the electrolyte; part of the internal resistance
of a battery.
-Polarization resistance
điện trở đặt trong Sparking plug containing a resistor to suppress
bu-gi interference with audio-visual reception.
-Resistor sparking plug
điện trở phụ Resistor in which the resistance increase as the
current passing through it increases, used in
motor vehicles to control the output from the coil
at high engine speeds and provide a better spark
for starting.
-Ballast resistor
điện trở phụ đánh Ballast resistor.
lửa -Ignition coil resistor

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 651

 điện trở suất Ability of a material not to conduct electricity. It is
opposite to conductivity.
-Resistivity
điện trở trong The resistance inherent in a voltage source, such
as a battery.
-Internal resistance
điện tử Negatively charged constituent of an atom.
-Electron
Belong to electric, it is caused by current.
-Electronic
điện tử ô tô Applications of modern electronics to the motor
vehicles.
-Automotive electronics
điều chỉnh To put (something) into the correct position.
-Adjust
điều chỉnh để cân Adjustment of incorrect and uneven weight
bằng động distribution.
-Balancing
điều chỉnh thời Cause the spark to occur at the correct moment.
điểm đánh lửa -Adjust the ignition timing
điều hoà không khí System of filtering air and keeping it at a desirable
temperature and humidity level.
-Air-conditioning (A/C)
điều khiển To make do what is required.
-Control
điều khiển ABS The original method of ABS control using an
electrically operated valve to control the air
pressure.
-Valve principle
điều khiển bằng Regulated by a computer.
máy tính -Computer controlled

652 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 điều khiển đánh Load-dependant mechanical ignition timing,
lửa chân không controlled by the inlet manifold vacuum.
-Vacuum control
điều khiển đánh Ignition timing by means of an ignition map,
lửa sớm điện tử either integrated into mapped ignition systems
or available as a separate module to enhance
transistorized ignition systems.
-Electronic Spark Timing (EST)
điều khiển độ sáng Dimmer control.
-Illumination control
điều khiển động cơ Electronic engine control.
bằng điện tử - electronic motor control
điều khiển ga tự Cruise control.
động -Automatic speed control
điều khiển giảm System to reduce the emission of nitrous oxides
hàm lượng Nox by which a vacuum solenoid and a switch in the
transmission system prevents the distributor’s
vacuum advance mechanism from operating in
the lower gears and at low speed (TCS).
-Transmission controlled spark
điều khiển khí hậu Lever or similar that controls the heater and/ or
air-conditioning system.
-Climate control
điều khiển lửa điện The part of an ecu that controls ignition timing and
tử dwell angle.
-Electronic Spark Advance (ESA)
điều khiển lực kéo System for reducing wheel spin, incorporating
điện tử wheel sensors.
-Electronic Traction Control (ETC)
điều khiển nạp Using a reed valve located in the intake system to
control induction timing.
-Reed valve induction timing.

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 653

 điều khiển nhiệt độ Automatic temperature control.
tự động -ATC
điều khiển thời Vacuum control.
điểm đánh lửa -Vacuum ignition-timing control
chân không
điều khiển thời Electronic spark timing.
điểm đánh lửa điện -EST
tử
điều khiển từ xa The control of an operation by means of an infrared
beam transmitted to a receiver (e. g. garage door,
central locking, car alarm system, etc.).
-Infrared (IR) remote control
điều khiển xe To react under any given circumstances but
especially referring to cornering, roadholding and
manoeuvring.
-Handle
điều khiển xe qua To drive or steer a vehicle around obstacles or in
chướng ngại vật a confined space.
-Manoeuvre
điều kiện lái xe Situation created by the amount of traffic, the
weather and state of the roads.
-Driving conditions
đỉnh The cutting edge of a screw thread (surmounting
the flanks).
-Ridge
định mức dung Rated capacity.
lượng ắc quy -Capacity rating
đinh ốc Threaded fastener, similar to a bolt, but fully
threaded and with a slotted, hexagonal head,
round head, flat head, fillister head or socket
head and often a shank which tapers to a point.
-Screw

654 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đinh ốc cắt ren A self-drilling fastener that drills its own hole, taps
a mating thread, and then fastens, all in a single
operation.
-Thread-cutting screw
đinh ốc có lỗ nối Screw with a round head with a hole or holes
passing through it, into which a tommy bar is
inserted for tightening or loosening.
-Capstan screw
đinh ốc hãm Fully threaded bolt with a parallel shaft used to
secure metal parts together (such as a hub or
wheel to a shaft) can have a variety of heads,
the most common being hexagonal, round or
countersunk.
-Setscrew
đinh ốc tự khóa Steel screw which cuts its own thread when
screwed through a pilot hole into sheet metal.
-Self-tapping screw
đỉnh pít-tông Top part, especially of a piston.
-Crown
đỉnh ren Highest point of a screw thread.
-Crest
đinh tán Short metal pin with a head at one end, for joining
two or more pieces together; a second head is
formed at the other end by hammering it flat, to
secure the connection.
-Rivet
đinh tán đầu chìm Pop rivet.
-Blind rivet
đinh vít Bolt or screw the back of whose head is angled to
conform with the angle (countersink angle) of the
sides of the hole into which it is fitted.
-Countersunk bolt or screw

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 655

 đi-ốt Solid-state electronic devices that allow the
passage of an electric circuit in one direction
only. They are used in alternators to change
alternating current to direct current for charging
the battery.
-Diode
đi-ốt chỉnh lưu Semiconductor diode that converts alternating
current to direct current.
-Rectifier diode
đi-ốt phát quang Semiconductor device used for digital displays in
the instrument panel.
-Light-emitting diode
độ ẩm tương đối Dimensionless ratio of the actual vapour pressure
of the air to the saturation vapour pressure.
-Relative humidity (RH)
độ bám Adhesion of a tyre to the road surface; important
for roadholding and safe braking.
-Grip
độ bám ướt A vehicle’s roadholding ability in the rain or on a
wet surface.
-Grip in the wet.
đo bề mặt cam Measure the cam’s surface from the highest point
to the lowest.
-Measure the cam face from nose to heel
độ bền mỏi Maximum stress that a material can endure for a
given time without breaking.
-Fatigue resistance or strength
độ bền va chạm Ability of a material to resist shock loading strain.
-Impact strength
độ bóng cao Very shiny, bright appearance.
-High gloss

656 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 độ chịu xoắn Resistance against torsional loads, specified
in newton-meter per angular degree of body
twisting.
-Torsional stiffness
độ chụm bánh xe Slight inward inclination of the leading edge of the
front wheels to improve steering and equalize tyre
wear.
-Toe-in
độ cong nhíp xe Curvature of a leaf spring.
-Camber
đo công suất động To test an engine on the brake.
cơ -To find out how much power an engine
develops
độ cứng The quality or condition of being hard.
-Hardness
độ cứng bề mặt A measure of the resistance offered by a test
uốn cong specimen to its tendency to bend under the action
of forces (own weight).
-Stiffness under flexure
độ cứng Brinell Hardness measured in a test by hydraulically
pressing a hard ball under standard load into the
specimen.
-Brinell harness
đo đạc To measure with a meter.
-Meter
độ dài định mức Length of the shank of screws/bolts with flat
bearing faces.
-Nominal length.
dò đài tự động Automatic retuning of stations on the FM
waveband when subject to drift.
-Automatic frequency control

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 657

 độ đậm đặc The viscosity required to make a paint suitable for
spraying; i. e. neither too thick nor too thin.
-Spraying viscosity
độ dẫn nhiệt Heat transfer within a substance or to another
substance by direct contact.
-Thermal conduction
độ đảo bề mặt Side-to-side wobble (e.g. of wheel, brake disc,
rotor). The maximum lateral runout of a brake
disc should not exceed 0.004 in or 0.1 mm.
-Lateral runout
độ đảo hướng tâm Variation in the radius of the tyre tread from the
wheel axis, making the tyre no longer truly round;
one of the main causes of vehicle vibration.
-Radial runout
đổ đầy To raise the level of a liquid in a container to the
required level.
-Top up (with)
độ dày lớp phủ Coating thickness (indicated in micrometres or
millimetres).
-Layer thickness
độ doãn bánh xe Slight outward inclination of the leading edge of
trước the front wheels.
-Toe-out
độ dốc A measure of this, expressed as the ratio of height
(or drop) to horizontal distance; a steep hill might
be 1 in 4, whilst a gradual slope might be 1 in 10.
-Gradient
đồ gá A fitting or accessory to be used in conjunction
with a tool such as a grinding disc for use with an
electric drill.
-Attachment

658 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đồ gá lắp A special type of frame gauge used to establish
the correct position of structural parts on the body
prior to welding them in.
-Welding jig
đồ gắn thêm Optional additional items either fitted by the
manufacturer at the buyer’s request, or fitted later
by the owner, comprising either accessories such
as seat covers or additional lights or built-in items
such as a heated rear window or sunroof.
-Extras
độ hở phù hợp Parts assembled so that there is clearance
between them or so that one can slide in the other.
-Clearance or sliding fit
độ lệch giữa hai Typical motorcycle engine with the two crankpins
chốt khuỷu offset by 1800.
-Offset twin
độ mòn The progressive loss of substance from the
operating surface of a body occurring as a result
of relative motion at the surface; rubbing away.
-Wear
độ nghiêng trụ Kingpin Inclination.
quay lái -KPI
độ nghiêng trục When an imaginary line extended through the
bánh xe về trước steering axis meets the ground behind the
extended vertical axis through the wheel centre.
-Negative castor
độ nhám Degree of sandpaper coarseness.
-Grade
đồ nhạy khóa cửa Electrical door lock picker (available to key
điện services and the police only) .
-Electro picker

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 659

 đồ nhạy ổ khóa Set of special door lock picker; attached to the
outside of a car door lock, the lock puller rips out
the entire lock cylinder.
-Lock picker set
độ pH Measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in
a solution, which shows how acid or alkaline it is.
-pH value
độ phóng điện Amount of current discharged, expressed in
amps.
-Discharge rate
độ quay The way a car steers into a bend; the roll-steer
effect.
-Turn-in rate
độ rơ bàn đạp Free movement of the brake pedal before
phanh resistance is felt.
-Brake panel travel
độ rộng băng tần Bandwidth.
-Frequency range
đồ thị Diagram showing the relationship between certain
numbers or quantities in the form of a line.
-Graph
độ tiêu hao nhớt Amount of oil an engine uses.
-Oil consumption
độ võng Loss of air from.
-Deflation
độ võng tải Deflection of a suspension system under a
particular load.
-Effective deflection
đỗ xe To leave a vehicle in a particular place.
-Park

660 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đoản mạch Electrical fault whereby the current bypasses part
of the circuit and finds a path of low resistance
through which an excessive current can flow,
causing a fuse to blow, wiring to be overloaded
or a flat battery.
-Short circuit
đoạn nhiệt Niether losing nor gaining heat, therefore
thermally efficient.
-Adiabatic
đoàn xe All the vehicles owned by a company or other
organization.
-Fleet
đổi kiểu dáng Minor styling modifications made to a car model
which may be approaching the end of its useful
life, intended to improve the appearance and thus
boost sales with minimum cost, including such
features as restyled headlights, larger taillights,
added trim and spoilers.
-Facelift
đối phó To deal with or to cope with.
-Handle
đổi phụ tùng To the take parts from (a vehicle) to fit to another
vehicle.
-Cannibalize
đối trọng Weight added to the crankshaft of an engine to
improve smoothness of running at low engine
speeds as well as even increase or decrease of
speed, usually in the form of an extension of the
crank web on the opposite side from the crankpin.
-Counterweight
đòn chữ A Transverse link shaped like an A or wishbone. In
US English, it is A-arm.
-Wishbone

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 661

 đòn dẫn hướng Similar to the drop arm, but located at the other
end of the relay rod, and having a guiding function
only.
-Idler arm
đòn gắn móc kéo Crossbar of a towing bracket on which the towball
is mounted.
-Tow bar
đòn kéo Drawbar.
-Tow bar
đòn kéo dọc Rod which connects the drop arm or idler arm in a
steering system with the steering arm.
-Drag link
đòn kéo hệ thống Rear suspension link which supports the wheel
treo sau behind the pivot point.
-Trailling arm or link
đòn lái Usually vertical arm fitted to the outer end of the
rocker shaft of a steering box, whose bottom end
is connected to the drag link which it pulls back
or pushes forward when the steering wheel is
turned.
-Drop arm
đòn ngang hình Steel beam which in cross section has the shape
chữ I of an I.
-I-beam
đòn quay In US English, it is drop arm.
-Pitman arm
đơn vị đo áp suất Unit of pressure; one bar equals 100 kilopascals
or 14.5 pound-force per square inch.
-Bar
đơn vị đo áp suất SI measurement of pressure (= 1000 Pascals).
bằng Pascal -Kilopascal (kPa)

662 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đơn vị đo chiều dài Unit of measurement of length (= one thousandth
of a metre).
-Millimetre
đơn vị đo công Unit of engine power.
suất -SAE net BHp
đơn vị đo cường Measurement of the level of sound pressure with
độ âm thanh reference to a particular circuit on a sound-level
meter which reacts in a similar way to the ear.
-dBA
đơn vị đo cường Basic unit of luminous intensity.
độ ánh sáng -Candela
đơn vị đo cường Ampere.
độ dòng điện -A
đơn vị đo cường Thousandth of an ampere mA.
độ dòng điện mA -Milliampere
đơn vị đo độ tự Unit of inductance, equal to the inductance of a
cảm circuit in which the variation of current at the rate of
one ampere per second induces an electromotive
force of one volt (H), named after an American
physicist, J.Henry, 1797-1878.
-Henry (H).
đơn vị đo dung Ampere-Hour.
lượng ắc quy -A.h
đơn vị đo hiệu điện Volt.
thế -V
đơn vị đo năng SI measurement of energy (= 1,000,000 joules).
lượng theo hệ SI -Megajoule (MJ).
đơn vị đo thể tích Unit of measurement of liquid (= one thousandth
of a litre).
-Millilitre

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 663

 đơn vị đo tốc độ xe Mph (stand for) miles per hour; measure of vehicle
speed.
-Mph
đơn vị đo trọng Unit of measurement of weight (= one thousandth
lượng of a gram).
-Milligram
đơn vị đo trọng Measurement of weight (= 31.10 grammes).
lượng của vàng In writing, it is often shortened to troy oz, after
figures: 25.2 troy oz.
-Troy ounce
đơn vị đo vận tốc Unit of velocity.
-Kilometres per hour (km/h)
đơn vị năng lượng SI unit of measurement of energy.
-Joule
đơn vị tính công Unit of work or energy in the old fps system equal
của một lực to the force needle to move one pound through
one foot.
-Foot-pound (force).
đơn vị trọng lượng Unit of weight measurement (obsolete), used in
some classic-car manuals (cwt). NOTE: 1 (GB)
cwt = 5080 grams; 1 (US) cwt = 4535 grams.
-Hundredweigh
động cơ The machine which provides power for vehicle to run.
-Engine
động cơ mười xi- An engine with ten cylinders in the form of a V
lanh dạng chữ V (V-10).
-V-ten engine
động cơ mười xú- Three-cylinder engine with four valves per cylinder
páp (e.g. Daihatsu), or a six-cylinder engine with two
valves per cylinder, or a four-cylinder engine with
three valves per cylinder, i.e. two inlet valves and
one exhaust valve.
-Twelve-valve (engine)

664 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 động cơ mười hai An engine with twelve cylinders, e.g. a V-12.
xi-lanh -Twelve-cylinder engine

động cơ mười hai An engine with twelve cylinders in the form of a

xi-lanh dạng chữ V V (V-12).
-V-twelve engine

động cơ mười sáu A four-cylinder engine with four valves to each

xú-páp cylinder.
-Sixteen-valve (16V) engine

động cơ hai cam Engine with two camshafts.

-Twin cam engine

động cơ bốn trục Engine with four camshafts.

cam -Quad-cam engine

động cơ bốn xi- An engine with four cylinders in the form of a V.

lanh chữ V -V-four engine (V-4)

động cơ năm xi- Engine with five cylinders, a rate configuration

lanh because of the problems of balance.
-Five-cylinder engine.

động cơ sáu xi- An engine with six cylinders in the form of a V

lanh dạng chữ V (V-6).
-V-six engine

động cơ tám xi- An engine with eight cylinders in the from of a

lanh chữ V V; the type of engine typically used on American
automobiles between the 1950s and ‘60s was a
large displacement V-8.
-V-eight engine (V-8)

động cơ tám xi- Eighth-cylinder engine, or a car fitted with one,

lanh the cylinder may be in-line (a straight eight ) or in
a v-layout (a v-8).
-Eight-cylinder engine

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 665

 động cơ bằng chất An automobile engine whose bulk is made of
dẻo plastic components (e.g. engine block, inlet
manifold, water-pump housing, valve covers,
sump), the use of metal being limited to parts
subjected to extreme mechanical or thermal loads
(e.g. combustion chamber, exhaust manifold,
pistons, cylinder liners, valve train, etc).
-Plastic engine
động cơ bị ngộp Engine in which too much fuel has been drawn
xăng into the cylinders during attempted starting so
that ignition is no longer possible.
-Flooded engine
động cơ bốn xi- Four cylinder engine in which each cylinder axis
lanh đặt trên bốn forms one corner of a square.
góc hình vuông -Square-four engine
động cơ bốn xi- Typical engine type used in most small to medium-
lanh size cars and commercial vehicles, and in some
large and powerful motorcycles.
-Four-cylinder engine
động cơ bước A stepper motor (or step motor) is a brushless
DC electric motor that divides a full rotation into
a number of equal steps. The motor’s position
can then be commanded to move and hold at
one of these steps without any feedback sensor
(an open-loop controller), as long as the motor is
carefully sized to the application.
-Step motor or stepper motor
động cơ chạy với Running with the choke in operation.
bướm gió hoạt -Choked
động
động cơ chế hòa Engine fitted with a carburettor as opposed to fuel
khí injection.
-Carburettor engine

666 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 động cơ chữ V Engine in which two banks of cylinders are set
at an angle to each other (usually 60° or 90° ) so
that the axes form the letter V with the crankshaft
in the middle.
-V-engine

động cơ có hai Double overhead cam-shaft engine.

trục cam trên nắp -Twin cam (shaft) engine
máy

động cơ có hành Type of engine design in which the bore and

trình pít-tông bằng stroke are the same measurement.
đường kính -Square engine

động cơ cỡ lớn Typical large American V-8 engine between

the 1960s and 70s, with a simple and robust
design including cast-iron block and heads and
conventional carburetors, and giving ample power
and enormous torque.
-Big-block engine

động cơ đã cân Engine in which all reciprocating parts such

bằng as pistons and connecting rods are adjusted to
exactly the same weight.
-Balanced engine

động cơ đã đại tu Worn engine that has been given a new lease
of life by reboring the cylinders, regrinding the
crankshaft journals and generally replacing
anyworn or damaged parts.
-Reconditioned engine or (informal) recon

động cơ dạng chữ A rare engine design, basically similar to a

W V-engine, but using three instead of two cylinder
rows.
-W-engine

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 667

 động cơ đánh lửa Internal combustion engine of the reciprocating
cưỡng bức type in which an air/ fuel mixture is compressed
and then ignited by an electric spark.
- Spark ignition engine or petrol engine/ SI
engine
động cơ đặt dọc Traditional engine layout used on most RWD
vehicles with the cylinders lying lengthways from
the front to the back. It is also called north - south
layout.
-Longitudinal engine
động cơ đặt giữa New design, introduced on the Toyota Previa
xe minivan, where the engine is located below the
passenger compartment, between front and rear.
-Underfloor mid-engine
động cơ đặt In-line engine in which the cylinders are inclined
nghiêng to the vertical.
-Inclined engine
động cơ đặt phía Engine located at the rear of a vehicle but outside
sau the wheelbase (i. e. behind rear wheels).
-Rear engine
động cơ đặt phía Engine located at the front of a vehicle above the
trước front suspension, the most common layout, which
may be combined with either rear-wheel or front-
wheel drive.
-Front engine
động cơ đặt theo Engine layout with the cylinders lying lengthways
chiều dọc from the front (north) to the back (south). It is also
called longitudinal engine.
-North-south layout
động cơ đạt tiêu Engine meeting Federal emission standards and
chuẩn khí thải certified by the EPA for use in any state except
California.
-Federal engine

668 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 động cơ điện Electric motor.
-AC motor/ DC motor
động cơ điện trong Electric motor providing motive power in an
xe điện electric vehicle.
-Drive motor
động cơ diesel An internal combustion engine is often used as
the main motor for drilling equipment and pumps.
- Diesel engine.
động cơ diesel có A diesel engine which is turbocharged.
tua-bin tăng áp -Turbo diesel (engine)
động cơ diesel có Directly injected turbo diesel engine. It is opposite
tua-bin tăng áp to swirt-chamber diesel engine.
phun trực tiếp -Turbo diesel engine with direct injection
(TDI)
động cơ diesel In US English, it is indirect injection engine.
phun gián tiếp -Pre-combustion engine
động cơ diesel Diesel engine using indirect injection.
phun nhiên liệu -Indirect injection engine
gián tiếp
động cơ đoạn Engine which makes the best use of combustion
nhiệt heat by reducing heat loss due to coolant.
-Adiabatic engine
động cơ đồng bộ An alternating-current motor that runs at a speed
that is equal to or is a multiple of the frequency
of the supply (e.g. the drive motor of electric
powered vehicles.
-Synchronous motor
động cơ đốt nghèo Engine which uses a lean mixture of fuel and air
to increase fuel economy and reduce exhaust
emissions.
-Lean-burn engine

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 669

 động cơ đốt ngoài Engine (such as a steam engine) in which fuel
is burnt outside the cylinder or cylinders, power
being generated by the expansion of another
liquid or gas heated by combustion.
-External combustion engine
động cơ đốt trong Type of engine in which the fuel is burned within
the cylinders of the engine (as opposed to, for
example, the steam engine) and the gaseous
combustion products serve as the thermodynamic
fluid; the spent gases are released into the
atmosphere; the term internal combustion engine
covers all types of reciprocating and rotary
engines, but is typically used with reference to
fourstroke petrol and diesel engines (IC engine).
-Internal combustion engine
-IC engine
động cơ được đổi Overhauled replacement engine provided in
khi đại tu change for a worn (but unchanged) engine, plus
a charge.
-Exchange engine
động cơ đường Engine where the bore size is lager than the
kính pít-tông lớn stroke.
hơn hành trình -Over square engine
động cơ đường Engine design used on early cars. It is also called
nạp nằm trên F-head engine.
đường thải -Flame glow plug inlet over exhaust engine
(IOE engine)
động cơ đường Engine design with overhead inlet and side
nạp phía trên kiểu exhaust valves.
F -F-head engine
động cơ hai kỳ Two-stroke engine.
-Two-cycle engine

670 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 động cơ hai pít- Now obsolete two-stroke engine design
tông featuring two cylinder barrels plus two pistons
per cylinder; the pistons are linked to the
crankshaft via a forked con rod or a master/
slave con rod assembly.
-Twin-piston engine
động cơ hai Engine with two-valves per cylinder.
xú-páp cho mỗi -Two-valve engine
xi-lanh
động cơ hai xú- Engine with two intake valves and one exhaust
páp hút và một valve per cylinder; a four-cylinder three-valve
xú-páp thải engine is also called a 12 valve engine.
-Three-valve (engine)
động cơ hai trục Engine with two overhead camshafts, a
cam relatively costly arrangement used on high
performance engines.
-Double overhead camshaft engine
động cơ hai xi- Type of engine usually found on traditional
lanh của Anh British two-cylinder motorcycles.
-Parallel twin
động cơ hành Reciprocating piston engine whose bore
trình pít-tông dài diameter is smaller than the stroke; a relatively
long stroke produces higher low-end torque
at the cost of increased piston speeds and
reduced revving ability. It is opposite to short
stroke engine.
-Long stroke engine
động cơ hành Reciprocating piston engine whose bore
trình pít-tông ngắn diameter is larger than the stroke; a relatively
short stroke improves high-end revving ability
at the cost of low-end torque. It is opposite to
long stroke engine.
-Short stroke engine

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 671

 động cơ HC High camshaft engine; the camshaft is located
much higher than the crankshaft, (although not in
the cylinder head), allowing for the use of shorter
pushrods, thus improving the engine’s revving ability.
-HC engine
động cơ hình sao Multi-cylinder engine in which the cylinders
radiate from a central crankshaft.
-Radial engine
động cơ hợp kim Engine in which the cylinder head, block,
crankcase and sump are all of light alloy.
-All-alloy engine
động cơ không ổn Uneven running of an engine, due to air/fuel
định mixture being too rich.
-Hunting
động cơ không Conventional engine that takes in air at normal
tăng áp pressure, i.e. not turbocharged or supercharged.
It is opposite to forced-induction engine.
-Naturally aspirated engine
động cơ một trục In a typical sohc engine, the camshaft is located
cam trên nắp máy between the valves and is driven by a chain from
the crankshaft; the valves are normally opened
via short roker arms.
-Single overhead camshaft (sohc or SOHC).
động cơ một xi- Not used on cars but typical for small motorbikes,
lanh motocross bikes, and go-carts.
-Single-cylinder engine
động cơ nằm The typical engine arrangement on FWD
ngang subcompact cars with the engine mounted across
the car, which reduces the length of the engine
compartment, resulting in more space for the
passenger compartment; introduced in 1959 by
the British design engineer Sir Alec Issigonis on
the BMC Mini. It is also called east-west layout.
The opposite is longitudinal engine.
-Transverse engine

672 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 động cơ ngõ nạp Inlet over exhaust engine.
nằm trên ngõ thải -IOE engine

động cơ phản lực A kind of engines, which operates by pull opposite

air force.
-Jet engine

động cơ phun Petrol engine with a fuel injection system rather

xăng than a carburettor or carburettors.
-Fuel-injected engine

động cơ pít-tông Internal combustion engine in which a piston is

displaced by thermal expansion of gases; the
concept includes reciprocating engines and rotary
engines, but is usually used with reference to the
common reciprocating engine.
-Piston engine

động cơ pít-tông Engine with a piston that moves to and fro, coming
chuyển động tịnh to a standstill at each reversal.
tiến -Reciprocating engine

động cơ pít-tông Twin-piston engine.

đôi -Dual-piston engine

động cơ pít-tông An engine which uses no reciprocating pistons;

quay tròn instead, triangular rotors revolve in specially
shaped housings; the Wankel engine is the only
type of rotary engine at present in production.
-Rotary (piston) engine

động cơ Stirling An external combustion engine that uses air or

an inert gas as the working fluid operating on a
highly efficient thermodynamic cycle.
-Stirling engine

động cơ xú-páp Side valve engine.

bên hông -L-head engine

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 673

 động cơ xú-páp In US English, it is overhead valve engine (OHV-
trên nắp máy engine).
-I-head.
-Pushrod engine

động cơ tám xi- An eight-cylinder in-line engine.

lanh thẳng hàng -Straight eight

động cơ thẳng In-line engine.

hàng -Straight engine

động cơ thẳng A six-cylinder in-line enigne.

hàng sáu xi-lanh -Straight six

động cơ trục Engine with a relatively long crankshaft. It is

khuỷu dài opposite to short block engine.
-Long block engine

động cơ trục Engine with a relatively short crankshaft. It is

khuỷu ngắn opposite to long block.
-Short block engine

động cơ tua-bin Engine fitted with a turbocharger.

tăng áp -Turbocharged engine

động cơ V V-four, V-six, V-eight, V-ten, V-twelve engine.

-V-4, V-6, V-8, V-10, V-12

động cơ V8 của Mỹ An American V-8 engine with typically 289 cu. in.
displacement; still very powerful, but not quite as
gargantuan as the big block.
-Small block engine

động cơ van trên Two-stroke engine that relies on the ports in the
thành xi-lanh cylinder walls to control admission and exhaust of
the air/ fuel mixture; it is not equipped with other
control elements such as rotary valves.
-Piston-valve engine

674 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 động cơ với trục Type of overhead valve (OHV) engine with the
cam đặt trên nắp camshaft enclosed in, not on top of, the cylinder
máy head.
-CIH engine
động cơ với xú- Engine with the valves to the side of the cylinders.
páp đặt bên hông -Side-valve (SV) engine
xi-lanh
động cơ VR New engine design: a combination of in-line and
V-engine, the V-angle being reduced (VR) to
about 15°; this results in a block which is shorter
than a four-cylinder unit of similar capacity. Unlike
conventional V-8 engines, the VR engine is
topped by a single cylinder head.
-VR engine
động cơ Wankel A rotary engine which uses no pistons; instead,
triangular rotors revolve in specially shaped
housings. It is named after a German engineer,
Felix Wankel (1902 ~1988).
-Wankel engine
động cơ xăng Spark ignition engine, using petrol as a fuel.
-Petrol engine
động cơ xi-lanh Engine with horizontally opposed cylinders, set
ngang đối xứng on either side of the crankshaft.
-Horizontally opposed engine
động cơ xi-lanh Multi-cylinder engine, usually with three or more
thẳng hàng cylinders that are arranged parallel to one another
and are either mounted vertically or at an angle
(sloper engine) in one single line; the pistons
that reciprocate in these cylinders in turn drive
a common crankshaft. It is also called straight
engine.
-In-line engine

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 675

 dòng điện Flow of electricity passing through a conductor.
-Electric current
dòng điện một Electric current flows in one direction only (DC),
chiều which is opposite to alternating current.
-Direct current
dòng điện phóng Current is supplied by a storage cell or battery,
its direction is opposite to that of the charging
current.
-Discharging current
dòng điện sạc Electric current supplies to the battery when the
charging system is operative.
-Charging current
dòng điện xoay The current, which changes the direction all the
chiều time.
-Alternating current
đồng hồ Odometer or speedometer.
-Clock
đồng hồ báo áp Boost pressure gauge of turbocharged engines.
suất tua-bin tăng -Turbo gauge
áp
đồng hồ báo giờ Instrument showing time.
-Clock
đồng hồ báo mực Dial on the instrument panel that indicates the oil
dầu level; operates when the ignition is switched on
and stops shortly after the engine starts to run.
-Oil level gauge
đồng hồ báo mức Fuel consumption indicator.
tiêu hao nhiên liệu -Fuel computer
đồng hồ báo nhiệt Gauge on the instrument panel which indicates
độ nước coolant temperature.
-Water temperature gauge

676 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đồng hồ báo Instrument on vehicles with electric motor drive
phóng điện which indicates battery charge condition in
percent of full charge.
-Battery discharge indicator
đồng hồ đo Instrument for measuring a quantity; typical gauge
is fuel level, coolant temperature, and oil pressure
gauges on an instrument, and oil pressure gauges
on an instrument panel and oil pressure gauges
to measure the pressure of air in a tyre.
-Gauge
đồng hồ đo áp suất Tyre pressure gauge.
lốp xe -Tyre gauge
đồng hồ đo bước Measuring tool used to idenify thread sizes,
ren featuring a selection to determine screw pitch.
-Screw pitch gauge
đồng hồ đo điện áp Dual-purpose instrument for measuring either
voltage or amperage.
-Voltammeter
đồng hồ đo hành
trình Incorporated in the speedometer, the trip
recorder indicates the mileage (in miles or km)
covered during a particular journey (trip), either
mechanically or electronically; trip figures can be
reset to zero by turning or pushing a reset button.
-Trip recorder/ Trip odometer
đồng hồ đo nhiệt Gauge which indicates the temperature of the
độ nhớt engine oil.
-Oil temperature gauge
đồng hồ đo quãng Incorporated in the speedometer, the odometer
đường đã đi indicates total mileage of the vehicle, in miles or
kilometres, either mechanically or electronically.
-Odometer

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 677

 đồng hồ đo số dặm Device that records the number of miles travelled.
đã đi được -Mileometer
đồng hồ đo sức Instrument for recording engine cylinder pressure.
nén -Indicator
đồng hồ đo tốc độ Instrument in the instrument panel, electronically
động cơ operated by the ignition system, which indicates
engine rpm with an analogue or digital read-out;
red areas indicate dangerous engine operating
speeds. It is also informally called a rev counter.
-Tachometer
đồng hồ mực xăng Instrument which shows the amount of fuel in the
fuel tank.
-Fuel gauge
đồng hồ số vòng Tachometer, which measures the engine speed in
quay rpm (b) counter which counts the total revolutions
of a shaft (as opposed to rpm).
-Revolution counter
đồng hồ tốc độ A tachometer that produces a graphical record of
its readings, especially used to record the speed
and distance covered by a heavy goods vehicle
(thus theoretically making it easier to check on a
driver’s speed and the length of time spent driving
between rest periods).
-Tachograph or (informal) tacho
đồng hồ tốc độ A speedometer, which only has a digital display of
hiện số the current speed with no dial.
-Digital speedometer
đồng hồ tốc độ xe Dashboard instrument showing speed of travel in
mph or km/h.
-Speedometer or (informal) speedo.
đồng hồ trên Gauge mounted in the instrument panel.
tableau -In-dash gauge

678 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 dòng khí Flow of the air/ fuel mixture or the exhaust gases
in an engine.
-Gas flow
dòng khí nạp vào Restricted airflow causing low pressure and a
partial vacuum.
-Depression
đóng mở bằng cơ Closed as well as opened by mechanical means.
khí -Desmodromic
đóng muội do nhiệt Carbon fouling.
độ thấp -Low temperature fouling
đóng muội than To clog or cover (a sparking plug) with deposits.
-Foul
dòng qua bu-gi Current that flows across the electrodes of a
spark gap at a particular point in time.
-Spark current
đông xe cộ Traffic of great quantity, which is opposite to light.
-Heavy traffic
du lịch với nhà lưu Traveling with a caravan, usually as a holiday.
động -Caravanning
đũa đẩy cò Steel or aluminium rod linking the tappet to the
rocker arm in overhead valve (OHV) engines.
-Pushrod
dũa mài FFlat hand file with round or square edges for
sharpening saw blades or machine-cutting knives.
-Millsaw file
dũa mài lỗ khóa Small file with a length of 100/ 150 mm for
sharpening key holes and other small components,
available in standard shapes, e.g. as flat tapered,
flat parallel, half round, three squares, square or
round file.
-Key file

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 679

 dũa vít lửa Tool for filing ignition points and other small
objects. It is also called contact file, magneto file,
points file.
-Ignition file
đúc To produce (metal part) by pouring molten metal
into a sand or metal mould.
-Cast
đục Simple steel tool with a sharpen end used with a
hammer to cut through metal and other materials.
-Chisel
đục hình côn Drift punch.
-Tapered punch
đục làm đồng A flat, relatively large dent that has no hard
contours so it can be reshaped by shrinking using
heat or with a hammer and dolly.
-Gouge
đúc nhựa Thermoplastic casting in which a liquid resin is
poured into a hot, hollow mould where a viscous
skin forms; excess slush is drained off, the mould
is cooled, and the moulded product is stripped
out.
-Slush moulding
đúc nhựa bằng Produced by an injection moulding machine or
cách phun process.
-Injection-moulded
đục phẳng Extremely flat chisel used for body work and
panel beating.
-Splitting chisel
đui đèn In US English, it is bulb holder.
-Lamp socket.
đùm ổ trục Hub.
-Wheel hub

680 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 dụng cụ cân bằng Special automotive tool for use when balancing
bánh xe wheels; installs, trims and remes all types of
clip-on wheel weights with a hammer head and
pliers for installation and removal and a cutter for
trimming.
-Wheel weight tool
dụng cụ cân chỉnh Gauge used to measure the distance between
bánh xe the rims of the front wheels.
-Wheel alignment gauge
dụng cụ cân chỉnh Tool for aiming headlights.
đèn đầu -Aimer
dụng cụ cân chỉnh Special tool, either in the form of a bar or a disc,
ly hợp with the aid of which clutch plate and flywheel can
be precisely aligned on single disc clutches.
-Clutch aligning tool
dụng cụ cạo roong Scraper with a chisel edge for scraping surfaces
clean before installing new gaskets such as
water-pump, cylinder head, crankcase or timing
chain cover gaskets.
-Gasket scraper
dụng cụ cảo vô Special puller for removing steering wheels.
lăng -Steering wheel puller
dụng cụ cắt bệ xú- Special automotive tool with cutting blades for
páp use with power tools; used to cut worn valve
seats with 30° or 45° angles.
-Valve seat cutter
dụng cụ cắt ống Tool with cutting wheels for cutting off tubing
evenly at right angles.
-Tube cutter
dụng cụ cắt ren Tool for cutting shapes in metal, especially outside
ngoài threads on pieces of round bar or similar.
-Die

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 681

 dụng cụ cắt vỏ ống Chisel-type tool with several cutting edges to
pô cut silencer sleeves without damaging tailpipes.
L-shaped tool whose short end is sriven between
the silencer and tailpipe to break the bond.
-Silencer-tailpipe tool
dụng cụ chẩn đoán Diagnostic tool used to listen for noises in engines
tiếng gõ động cơ and identify trouble spots such as faulty valves,
worn gears and water pump, bearing knock,
damaged gaskets or piston slap. It is also called a
mechanic’s stethoscope.
-Sonoscope
dụng cụ dập dấu Tool with round cutting edge for cutting out holes
tròn in gaskets or other soft materials.
-Wad punch
dụng cụ điều chỉnh Tool used to bend side electrodes on sparking
khe hở bu-gi plugs for gap adjustment, usually combined with
gauges for checking the gap.
-Electrode adjusting tool
dụng cụ điều chỉnh Lever-tyre tool for use on drum brakes with star
phanh wheel adjustment, which fits through a slot in the
backplate to turn the star wheel and adjust the
clearance between the brake shoe and the drum.
-Brake adjusting tool
dụng cụ đo (a) Tool for checking whether clearances between
parts, or the shape and dimensions of pieces
being worked comply with specified tolerance
requirements.
-Gauge
dụng cụ đo áp suất Oil pressure gauge.
dầu bôi trơn -Oil gauge
dụng cụ đo áp suất Instrument for measuring air pressure in a tyre.
lốp xe -Tyre pressure gauge

682 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 dụng cụ đo áp thấp Instrument for measuring engine depression.
đường ống nạp -Vacuum gauge
dụng cụ đo chiều Simple compact device for measuring the depth
sâu gai vỏ xe of tread, consisting of a spring-loaded plunger
calibrated in millimetres.
-Tread depth gauge
dụng cụ đo độ cao Instrument showing height above sea level.
-Altimeter
dụng cụ đo độ đục Instrument for measuring the content of particulate
của chất lỏng suspended in a fluid.
-Opacimeter
dụng cụ đo độ mòn Thread Wear Indicators.
ren -TWI
dụng cụ đo đũa Tool which measures the length of pushrod
đẩy cò xú-páp needed in an engine; a pushrod of proper length
is vital to keep the rocker in the centre of the
valve, minimize the risk of breakage and extend
the valve guide life.
-Pushrod measuring tool.
dụng cụ đo khe hở Tool with straight calibrated measuring pins for
bướm ga measuring throttle and choke valve gaps.
-Throttle gauge
dụng cụ đo khe hở Feeler gauge with metal feeler blades; the
có nấc thickness of the blade increases from one end of
the blade to the other.
-Step feeler gauge
dụng cụ đo khói xả Instrument which measures the density of
(especially diesel) exhaust smoke.
-Smoke meter
dụng cụ độ mòn Tools are used for measuring thickness, wear,
đĩa phanh and score depth on brake discs.
-Disc brake gauge

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 683

 dụng cụ đo nhiệt Outdoor or Outside temperature gauge.
độ ngoài trời -Otg

dụng cụ đột lỗ Tool for making holes or driving out bolts, rivets
and pins.
-Punch

dụng cụ đột lỗ Tool used to cut holes in gaskets and other soft
roong materials.
-Gasket punch

dụng cụ đục đai ốc Tool used to crack open stubborn nuts without
khi mở khó damaging the bolt or stud thread.
-Nut cracker or splitter

dụng cụ ép lò xo Tool used to restrain coil springs for safe removal

and installation.
-Spring compressor

dụng cụ ép lò xo Special automotive tool used to compress valve

xú-páp springs for removal and replacement; the most
common type is a C-shaped clamp.
-Valve spring compressor

dụng cụ ép xú-páp Special tool for work on OHV-engine used to keep

bằng khí nén valves closes by mean of air pressure.
-Air hold fitting

dụng cụ ép xéc- Special automotive tool used for installing pistons.

măng -Piston ring clamp

dụng cụ gắp vật Tool with a flexible or rigid shaft and a claw type
rơi pick-up end; used to retrieve small objects from
hard-to-reach areas.
-Pick-up tool

dụng cụ giữ đai ốc Tool used to hold nuts for easy placement in tight
khi siết những chỗ locations.
hẹp -Nut starter

684 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 dụng cụ giữ kính Tool with suction cup(s) to hold and carry glass.
bằng chén chân -Glass holder
không
dụng cụ gò ống pô Special automotive tool used for reshaping and
expanding tailpipes evenly, to assure a tight fit
and prevent exhaust leaks.
-Tailpipe expander
dụng cụ hút chân Hand tool for pulling out shallow body dents and
không dạng hình for lifting flat, heavy objects such as wind-screens
chén or sheet metal.
-Vacuum suction cup
dụng cụ kéo khung Tool with slide hammer and hook or self-threading
vỏ screw tip to pull dented doors, wings and other
sheet metal panels back into place. In US English,
it is knocker.
-Panel puller
dụng cụ kẹp kéo Special automotive tool for the safe removal and
nắp chụp bu-gi installation of sparking plug boots.
-Sparking plug boot puller
dụng cụ kẹp lò xo Special automotive tool used on drum brakes for
sử dụng để tháo restraining the shoe retaining springs for removal
lắp phanh and installation; comes in a variety of shapes, e.g.
as a screwdriver-type tool with a special socket
end to trip retaining washers.
-Retainer spring tool
dụng cụ kẹp que Tool with a handle attached to a copper or iron
hàn tip which is heated, electrically or in a flame, and
used to melt solder to make joints.
-Soldering iron
dụng cụ khớp nối Accessory which allows a socket to be turned
vạn năng through an angle.
-Universal joint

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 685

 dụng cụ kiểm tra Device used to detect cylinder head leakages
hiện tượng thổi which cause combustion gases to appear in the
roong cooling system.
-Cylinder head tester
dụng cụ kiểm tra Tool used for checking sparking plug gaps;
khe hở bu-gi usually with metal feeler blades or calibrated wire
feelers; often includes an electrode adjusting tool
for altering the gap between the electrodes.
-Sparking plug gauge
dụng cụ kiểm tra Tool often similar in appearance to a screwdriver,
mạch điện with a light in the handle and a crocodile clip
which can be attached to a suitable earth while
the point touches the part or the wire which is
to be tested; if the light comes on, the circuit is
live at that point.
-Circuit tester
dụng cụ làm đồng A special shop tool used to shape steel and
aluminium panels.
-Wheel machine
dụng cụ làm phẳng Hand tool for smoothing body panels by removing
bề mặt material from the surface, e.g. on filled areas,
consisting of a file blade held in an adjustable
holder that may be adapted to convex or concave
surfaces.
-Body fire
dụng cụ làm sạch Tapered reamer-type tool used to remove
khoen gắn cọc corrosion from the inside of battery cable
bình clamps.
-Terminal reamer
dụng cụ làm sạch Special automotive tool to remove carbon and
rãnh xéc-măng trên varnishes from piston grooves before installing
pít-tông piston rings.
-Piston ring groove cleaner

686 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 dụng cụ lắp kẹp Special tool for the installation of ear-type clips,
ống used e.g. on some types of CV joint boots, filters,
cooling systems, and vacuum lines.
-Hose clip installer
dụng cụ lắp ống Tool for installing valve guides.
kềm xú-páp -Valve guide driver
dụng cụ lắp phốt Sleeve-type tool used to push down valve stem
xú-páp seals for installation.
-Valve stem seal installer
dụng cụ loe ống Tool used to spread or form flares on pipe or
tubing ends, for example, when servicing brake,
fuel and cooling systems on vehicles.
-Flaring tool
dụng cụ mài bằng Power-driven tool with a rotating abrasive disc for
giấy smoothing and cleaning surfaces.
-Sander
dụng cụ mài bằng Flat, cushioned plate covered with abrasive
giấy nhám paper, rotated with an elliptical motion by an
electric motor and used for fine sanding work.
-Orbital sander
dụng cụ mài xú- Special automotive tool consisting of a wooden
páp haft and rubber suction cup(s) for hand grinding
valves.
-Valve grinder or valve grinding tool.
dụng cụ nén lò xo Any tool that compresses valve springs for
xú-páp removal and replacement.
-Valve lifter
dụng cụ nhả lò xo Lever-type tool used to depress valve springs,
xú-páp e.g. for removal and installation of valve stem
seals.
-Valve spring depressor

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 687

 dụng cụ quay bánh Special tool used for hand cranking of the engine
đà while working on clutches, gearbox, etc. or doing
jobs that require the crankshaft to be in a specific
position; consists of a handle and lever to hook
into the starter ring teeth.
-Flywheel turner
dụng cụ quay xú- Special automotive tool for grinding (lapping)
páp khi xoáy valves into valve seats; some types are power-
operated, thus allowing faster grinding compared
with standard suction-type valve grinding tools.
-Valve lapper
dụng cụ rắc Tool for putting something onto a surface, such as
spreader for filler.
-Applicator
dụng cụ sửa chữa Tool for use in the construction or repair of motor
ô tô vehicles.
-Automotive tool
dụng cụ tách dầu Oil separator.
bôi trơn -Oil trap
dụng cụ tách khớp Ball joint separator.
nối cầu -Taper-breaking tool
dụng cụ tạo đường Painting tool used to apply thin, precise lines on
viền the body, e.g. on motorcycle tanks and to enhance
car body contours.
-Pinstriping tool
dụng cụ tạo vấu Metalworking tool used for creating a joggle.
-Joggler
dụng cụ tay nối Any device with extensible arms (often in the form
of a series of crossed, hinged bars) for handling
objects at a distance.
-Lazy tongs

688 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 dụng cụ tháo bạc Tool used to remove different types of bearings by
đạn pulling action.
-Bearing puller
dụng cụ tháo bạc Special tool used to separate double bearings
đạn đặc biệt or close fitting gear; esp. when a conventional
jaw-type puller cannot be used, having bevelled
edges which allow insertion behind the bearings
and gears to be separated.
-Bearing separator
dụng cụ tháo khớp Ball joint separator.
nối cầu -Joint splitting tool
dụng cụ tháo lắp Tool like a socket spanner for the removal (and
gu-rông installation) of studs.
-Stud extractor or remover
dụng cụ tháo lắp Tool for loosening and tightening round or
lọc nhớt irregularly shaped objects such as oil filters,
featuring a strap which is wrapped around the
object, and a lever or key by means of which the
object is turned.
-Strap wrench
dụng cụ tháo Special tool, of both jaw and hammer design,
moay-ơ bánh xe used to remove wheel hubs on vehicles by a
pulling action.
-Hub puller
dụng cụ tháo mối Special drill bit used to drill out weld spots on
hàn điểm sheet metal material without damaging the
panels (b) tool for use with a hand drill; features
reversible cutting blade to cut out weld spots
without damaging the sheet metal materials; the
cut depth can be varied, e.g. to release the upper
panel only.
-Spot-weld remover

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 689

 dụng cụ tháo ống Drift punch for driving out valve guides.
kềm xú-páp -Valve guide remover
dụng cụ tháo rô- Special automotive tool for forcing out joints on tie
tuyn rod ends by screw action.
-Tie rod puller or separator
dụng cụ tháo tấm Fork-like tool used to pry out fasteners on interior
trang trí panels without breaking them or damaging the
car.
-Trim panel release tool
dụng cụ tự làm để Convenient DIY tool for blowing debris from the
thổi sạch lỗ bu-gi sparking plug recess before plug removal.
-Straw
dụng cụ uốn Machine used to bend sheet metal along a
predetermined line using mechanical force.
-Sheet metal folder
dụng cụ uốn ống Tool for bending tube without collapsing it, e.g.
pipe bending pliers.
-Tube bender
dụng cụ xả gió Workshop equipment used to bleed air from
phanh hydraulic brake, clutch or steering system on
vehicles.
-Brake bleeder
dụng cụ xoáy và Pecial tool for use with an electric drill or air
đánh bóng xi-lanh tools to hone and polish engine, clutch or brake
cylinders, with a number of hone stones that
adjust to different cylinder bore diameters by
spring tension.
-Cylinder hone
dung dịch Single, homogeneous liquid, solid, or gas phase
that is a mixture in which the components (liquid,
gas, solid, or combination thereof) are distributed
uniformly.
-Solution

690 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 dung dịch chống Liquid usually in the form of an aerosol spray for
đóng băng removing ice from wind-screens and windows.
-De-icer
dung dịch chứa Water-based solution.
nước -Aqueous solution
dung dịch điện Fluid in the cells of a car battery, in fact sulphuric
phân acid.
-Battery acid
dung dịch kiềm Removal of any greasy substances with an
alkaline solution.
-Alkaline degreasing
dung dịch Solution of phosphoric acid, often enriched
photphat kẽm with zinc, used during the bodywork production
process for cleaning and rust prevention.
-Phosphating solution.
dung dịch sơn Paint which contains solvents and cures at room
temperature or by baking.
-Liquid paint
dừng lại To stop.
-Pull up
dung lượng ắc quy Ampere hour capacity.
-Battery capacity
dung lượng ắc quy The quantity of electricity which can be drawn
định mức from a fully charged-battery for 20 hours by a
constant discharging current until cutoff voltage
of 1.75 volts per cell is reached.
-Rated capacity
dung lượng của Quantity of electricity which a battery can deliver
một ắc quy under given conditions such as temperature, rate
of discharge, and final voltage, depending on the
number of plates used.
-Ampere-hour capacity

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 691

 dung lượng định Rated capacity.
mức -Nominal capacity

dung lượng dự trữ The time, in minutes, a battery can maintain a

của ắc quy discharge rate of 25 amps.
-Reserve capacity

dung môi Liquid which can dissolve another substance to

form a solution.
-Solvent

dung môi làm sạch Cleaning solvent.

-Trichlorethene or trichlorethylene (C2HCl3)

dung sai Difference beween the permissible maximum size

and the permissible minimum size of a measure
quantity.
-Tolerance

dung tích Amount which can be contained in a container

such as a fuel tank, sump, radiator, etc. and by
extension the swept volume of an engine.
-Capacity

dung tích bình Amounts of oil, water and fuel required to fill the
chứa sump, gearbox, axle, radiator, fuel tank, etc.
-Fluid capacity

dung tích động cơ Swept volume of an engine.

-Engine capacity

dung tích xi-lanh Volume of any enclosed space, including a

cylinder or an engine.
-Cubic capacity

dung tích xi-lanh Term used particularly in America for cubic

capacity.
-Displacement

692 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 được bám sơn To be attached to car bodies when they are
immersed in a bath of paint with an applied
polarity across the bath and the bodies.
-Migrate
được điều khiển Current produced by the motion of free electrons
bằng điện tử towards a positive terminal, whose direction is the
opposite to that of the current.
-Electronically controlled
được đúc Produced by pouring molten metal into sand or
metal mould.
-Cast
được gắn chống Protected by an alarm.
trộm -Alarmed
được gia cố để Stiffened (to a certain degree) to resist the force
tăng sức chống va of a collision.
chạm -Impact-resistant
được làm bằng tay Done by hand.
-Manual
được làm nguội Cooled by the passage of water. It is opposite to
bằng nước air-cooled.
-Watercooled
được mạ crôm Coated with a thin layer of chromium by electro
deposition for protection against corrosion, also
with a thicker layer for wear resistance.
-Chromium-plated
được nối bằng Made in two separate sections, with a joint or
khớp nối coupling between them; especially of commercial
vehicles consisting of a tractor or towing unit and
a trailer, having a swivelling coupling giving better
manoeuvrability.
-Articulated

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 693

 đuôi đèn Cylindrical base of an electric light bulb, usually
with two pins projecting on either side, which
engage in J-shaped slots to lock the bulb securely
in its socket.
-Bayonet cap
đuôi gu-rông Opposite end of a stud to the nut end.
-Stud end
đuôi xe The rear part of the body shell, extending
approximately from the rear seat pan to the rear
apron of the car, incorporating the boot floor.
-Rear end
đường cao tốc American type of multiple-lane motorway without
toll charges, with over-passes or underpasses at
all intersections and with fully controlled access
for intersecting roads, and a speed limit of typically
60 mph.
-Freeway
đường cắt Cutting line.
-Separation line
đường cong biên Outward curvature of an apparently flat sheet
thân xe metal panel.
-Crown
dương cực Red battery terminal with a plus symbol indicating
positive polarity.
-Positive terminal
đường đặc tính Curve showing how the amount of ignition
góc đánh lửa sớm advance increase with the speed of the engine
theo tốc độ và tải and/ or the vacuum in the inlet manifold.
-Advance curve
đường đặc tính Graph which shows engine torque as a function
mô-men theo số of engine speed.
vòng quay -Torque curve

694 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đường dẫn không Opening through which air enters, especially for
khí the carburetor or fuel injection system, for the
radiator or for the heating and ventilating system.
-Air intake
đường dẫn nhiệt Path along which heat passes from the sparking
từ bu-gi đến áo plug tip to the water jacket.
nước -Heat path
đường dây cao áp High-voltage cable from the distributor to the
Sparking plug.
-Sparking plug cable
đường đi Direction taken (by a cable, etc.).
-Route
đường gân trên Raised rib on the sidewall of a tyre to protect it
cạnh vỏ from impact with the kerb.
-Scuff rib
đường hai chiều To convert (a single carriageway road) into dual
carriageway.
-Dual
đường hẹp Narrow road, often in the country.
-Lane
đường kính Length of a straight line through the centre of a
circular object connecting two directly opposite
points on its circumference.
-Diameter
đường kính chân Diameter measured from the thread root to the
ren corresponding root on the opposite side of the
bolt or screw.
-Minor diameter
đường kính đầu Inlet valves can be distinguished by their larger
xú-páp diameter.
-Valve diameter

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 695

 đường kính định Characteristic value used for pipeline systems
mức to identify parts which belong together such as
pipes, pipe joints, fittings, etc.; a nominal size for
the inside diameter.
-Nominal diameter
đường kính đỉnh Diameter measured from the crest of a thread to
ren the corresponding crest on the opposite side of
the bolt or screw.
-Major diameter
đường kính ngoài The external diameter of a cylinder or tube.
-External diameter
đường kính niềng The distance between the intersection of the bead
seats and the vertical walls of the rim flanges.
-RIM diameter
đường kính pít- Diameter of the bore in the cylinder block in which
tông the piston moves back and forth between top dead
centre (TDC) and bottom dead centre (BDC).
-Piston bore
đường kính ren Diameter measured from the crest of a thread to
the corresponding crest on the opposite side of
the bolt or screw.
-Thread diameter
đường kính ren Major diameter.
định mức -Nominal (thread) diameter
đường kính trong The internal diameter of a cylinder or tube (ID).
-Inside diameter
đường kính vòng The diameter of the stud holes/ bolt holes for
tròn tâm các ốc bắt fixing the wheel to the hub.
bánh xe -Pitch Circle Diameter (PCD).
đường kính xi-lanh Diameter of a cylinder, especially of a cylinder in
động cơ an internal combustion engine.
-Bore

696 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đường lớn dành A multi-lane, main road for fast-moving traffic
cho ô tô chạy (speed limit 70 mph in the UK) with a central
nhanh reservation, and few exit and entry points.
-Motorway
đường ống cung Pipe supplying a liquid or gas.
cấp -Feed line or pipe
đường ống dẫn Duct inside or a tube outside the cylinder head
không khí vào ống feeling secondary air into the exhaust ports.
thải -Air injection manifold
đường ống dẫn Metal, plastic or rubber pipe conveying fuel from
nhiên liệu the fuel tank to the fuel pump and carburettor or
fuel injectors.
-Fuel line
đường ống dẫn Manifold tube feeding the injectors in a fuel
nhiên liệu đến kim injection system.
phun -Fuel rail
đường ống hồi Pipe returning surplus fuel to the tank from the
nhiên liệu về thùng carburettor (s) or an injector.
-Fuel return line
đường ống ra Outlet pipe of a pump.
-Discharge pipe
đường quét khí The passage inside a two-stroke engine that
cháy trong động serves to scavenge the exhaust gas from the
cơ hai kỳ engine; in most cases it refers to the transfer
passage, as the gas column supplied across the
transfer port initiates the scavenging process.
-Scavenging passage
đường răng cưa Series of teeth on an edge (as on a saw).
-Serration
đường rãnh ta- One of several channels cut in the tread that
lông vỏ xe disperses water when the road is wet.
-Tread groove

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 697

 đường ray xe điện The rails along which a tram runs.
-Tramline or tramway
đường ren bên Internal thread of a nut.
trong của đai ốc -Nut thread
đường ren mịn Unified National Fine thread; one of the screw
threads used on British cars.
-UNF thread
đường ren thô Unified National Coarse thread; one of the screw
threads used on British cars.
-UNC thread
đường tâm khớp Centreline of the ball joints in a front suspension
bi hệ thống treo system. It is also called swivel-axis inclination.
trước -Kingpin axis
đường tắt Means such as a passage through which the
flow of a liquid or gas is redirected in place of its
original or main course.
-Bypass
đường truyền lực Dive train.
-Driveline
đường viền Shaping the surrounds of headlights, tail lights,
number plate frames, etc. into a smooth contour
when customizing, so that the actual lights, etc.
recede a little towards the interior of the panel
aperture and the chrome bezel or other surround
looks as though it is part of the body panel.
-Frenching
đường viền bao Faces of the door step, door pillars and roof
quanh cửa section forming the door aperture.
-Door surround
đường viền bao Rear light surround.
quanh cụm đèn -Tail light surround
sau

698 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 đường viền bao Separate panel spot-welded at the juncture
quanh đèn sau between the trailing edge of the rear wing and the
rear valance to provide a mounting base for the
rear lights.
-Rear light surround
đường viền bao Sheet metal panel for mounting the radiator grille;
quanh vỉ két nước often combined with the front apron to a single
front panel.
-Radiator grille surround
đường viền cao Moulded rubber insulating strip round the
su bao quanh kính windscreen.
trước -Windscreen surround
đường viền chính Thin, precisely contoured lines, especially along
the whole side of the vehicle, also an motorcycle
tanks, the most common colours being gold and
black.
-Coach lining
đường viền nắp Double piping with fabric covering used to keep
ca-pô bonnet of on older-style cars from rubbing in the
paintwork of the panels beneath them.
-Bonnet tape
đường viền thân Ornamental strip along the bottom of the side of
xe the body usually on sports cars and including the
make and / or model name in large letters.
-Body stripe
đường viền trang Roof lining.
trí mui xe -Head trim
đường vòng Road going round and thus avoiding a town or
other congested area.
-Bypass
đường xoắn ốc A spiral, like the thread on a screw or a coil spring
in a suspension system.
-Helix

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 699

 ép To make material by bonding together several
thin sheets.
-Laminate
ép nhựa Covering sheets with a particular layer or covering
moulded parts with a specific plastic film.
-Laminating
ethanol thêm vào Ethyl alcohol which is added to petrol, typically
xăng in a mixture of 10% ethanol and 90% unleaded
petrol.
-Ethanol
ê-tô gắn bàn Vice for mounting on a workbench.
-Bench vice
gác chân Footrest to the left of the clutch on some vehicles.
-Dead pedal
gài khớp To bring (a part) into contact with another so that
it is locked to it.
-Engage
gài số thấp hơn To select a lower ratio by moving the gear lever.
-To engage a lower gear
ga-lông Unit of capacity.
-Gallon
ga-lông Anh UK gallon.
-Imperial gallon
gầm xe The underside of a car.
-Underbody
gắn To attach something to a support.
-Mount.
gân đỡ bản cực ắc Support at the bottom of a battery case on
quy which the elements rest; provides space for the
sediment chamber.
-Plate support.

700 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 gắn động cơ With a motor.
-Motorized
gân mép vỏ xe The part of a tyre which is shaped to fit the rim and
rests on the rim bead seat; made of steel wires,
wrapped and reinforced by the plies of the tyre.
-Tyre bead
gang Vice for mounting on a workbench.
-Bench vice
garage ô tô Building in which to keep a motor vehicle.
-Garage
gạt sương To clear the windscreen or rear window when
they have misted up (or when ice has formed on
the outside) (it takes longer to clear fronts or ice
on the outside than internal condensation).
-Demist
gãy do ứng suất Damage of parts, especially body panels,
subject to constant overload caused by improper
mounting; this introduces strain into the panels,
causing them eventually to crack.
-Stress cracking or fracturing.
gel Substance like a jelly.
-Gel
ghế an toàn trẻ em Rear seat that can be converter into a child seat.
-Integrated child (safety) seat

ghế bảo vệ trẻ em Child restraint system typically installed

backwards on the front passenger seat and
having the benefit that the child’s relatively heavy
head is pressed into the back of the child seat
instead of being displaced forward in a frontal.
-Reboard system

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 701

 ghế cố định Rigid seat with slightly raised sides to give the
passenger or driver lateral support; mainly used
in sports cars.
-Bucket seat
ghế dài trong xe Seat in one piece tretching across the full width
of the car.
-Bench seat
ghế dành cho trẻ Seat for babies weighing up to about 20 lbs,
em normally installed facing backwards on the front
seat and allowing a half upright seating position.
-Baby seat
ghế điều chỉnh Seat whose back, height, thigh and lumbar
bằng điện support, etc. can be electrically adjusted.
-Power seat
ghế ngồi A part of a vehivle on which you sit.
-Seat
ghế ngồi đệm lò xo Sturdy, sofalike seat design using spring coils as
damping elements; mainly used by Mercedes-
Benz.
-Innerspring seat
ghế phụ đằng sau In US English, it is dickey seat.
ở xe hai chỗ -Rumble seat
ghế phụ phía sau Extra folding seat in the back of a two-seater,
common in the 1920s. In US English, it is rumble
seat.
-Dickey seat
ghế sau gấp lại Rear seats which may be folded down in two
được sections, thus combining some extra luggage
space with the possibility of a passenger sitting in
the back of the car.
-Split (folding) rear seats

702 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 ghế trẻ em General term for child seats and accessories,
often used at a synonym for child seat.
-Child restraint system
ghế trước Seat in the front of the passenger cabin for the
front seat passenger.
-Front seat
ghé vào lề To drive to the side of the road or into a lay-by,
etc. (and stop).
-Pull in
ghế xe dính với đai Seat with integrated 3-point seat belt.
an toàn -Integral moulded seat
ghế xếp phía sau Rear seats in a hatchback or estate car which fold
forwards into the footwells to give a more or less
flat loading area.
-Folding rear seats
gỉ Oxidized iron or steel, the product of corrosion.
-Rust
gỉ kẽm có màu Loose, porous oxidation products formed on zinc
trắng when a lack of carbon dioxide occurs and water
condenses on the surface of the work.
-White rust
giá bán lẻ đề nghị American manufacturer’s suggested retail price
(as displayed on an afixed sticker), usually subject
to a negotiable discount.
-Sticker price
giá chống rung Flexible typically rubber mounting for an engine,
gearbox or other mechanical item, that reduces
the amount of noise and vibration passed from
the item in question to the chassis.
-Anti-vibration mounting

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 703

 gia cố To increase the strength of plastics by filling them
with whiskers of glass, metal, fibres, etc.
-Reinforce
giá đỡ Support usually made from metal strip for a part
carried on or suspended from a vehicle, such as
a fog lamp or exhaust system.
-Bracket
giá đỡ bánh xe A special stand for wheels, e.g. for a complete set
trong thời gian bảo of summer or winter tyres, designed to prevent
quản condensation and tyre deformation over extended
storage periods.
-Wheel tree
giá đỡ cần kéo Reinforcing member incorporated in the centre
phanh tay tunnel area of the floorpan to provide the mounting
support for the handbrake.
-Parking brake console
giá đỡ chất xúc tác Thin corrugated strips of steel alloy rolled up into
a tight coil as a support for the catalyst.
-Metal support
giá đỡ để hàn Set of brackets to be welded under sill prior to
khung straightening the accident damage when the
standard sill panel does not have a jointing flange
.
-Chassis bracket set
giá đỡ xú-páp Rocker cover.
-Valve cover
giá gắn bánh xe dự On light commercial vehicles, the spare wheel
phòng is usually mounted below the loading area in a
horizontal rack near the rear axle.
-Spare tyre carrier
giá giữ đầu nhíp xe Spring hanger.
-Spring bracket

704 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 giá gốc Minimum list price of a centain car model, to which
must be added any tax or extras, the charge for
delivery, number plates, etc.
-Basic price
giá hệ thống treo Sheet metal parts, bores, etc. on the underbody
designed to locate the axles and springs on the
body.
-Suspension mounting
giá khung Support to which or by means of which something
is attached.
-Mounting
giá lắp thanh xoắn Box section used to mount the Panhard rod of the
Panhard rear axle.
-Panhard rod mounting box
giá mang hành lý Rack bolted on top of the boot lid for taking
luggage or the spare wheel (often seen on old
sports cars where space was at a premium).
-Luggage carrier
giá thanh chắn Mounting bracket for the bumper assembly, fixed
to the body or chassis, now often designed to give
way to a certain extent on impact.
-Bumper bracket
gia tốc trọng (symbol for) acceleration of free fall due to gravity.
trường -g
gia tốc xoay xe A steady increase in the yaw angle.
-Yaw acceleration
giá treo Mounting bracket, e.g. a spring hanger for a leaf
spring.
-Hanger
giá treo xe Device attached to the rear of a car, often
supported on a towbar, for carrying a bicycle.
-Bicycle carrier

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 705

 giá trị so sánh In closed-loop control, the reference input is fed
to a controller that changes a controlled variable
in a controlled system to achieve a certain output
condition or actual value.
-Reference input
giá trị trung bình Mean value or rate.
-Average
giắc chẩn đoán Connection between the diagnostic socket on the
vehicle and an engine analyzer.
-Diagnostic link
giắc nối Part which joins two or more parts together.
-Connector
giắc nối chẩn đoán Electrical connecter for plugging in the engine
động cơ analyzer, forming an interface between the engine
electronic controls and diagnostic unit, and used
to read the engine data as well as any fault codes
store in the memory of the engine controller.
-Engine diagnostic connected
giắc nối máy chẩn Socket on the vehicle connected to a diagnostic
đoán system to which an engine analyzer can be
attached.
-Diagnostic socket
giai đoạn đặc lại The initial hardening phase during which the resin
của matit or filler has hardened but has not yet set solid;
this occurs immediately after the resin or filler has
gone off.
-Green stage
giải đua xe vô địch International car race from which points are
thế giới scored towards the World Championship.
-Grand Prix
giải tích phần tử Finite-element analysis.
hữu hạn -FE analysis

706 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 giảm âm cho máy Device in an air-conditioning system designed to
nén minimize pumping sounds from the compressor.
-Silencer
giảm chấn bằng Air bellows.
khí -Air spring
giảm chấn bướm Dashpot.
ga -Pot
giảm dao động Any device which reduces oscillations (either
mechanical or electrical) or vibration, such as a
shock absorber in the suspension, or a vibration
damper on the crankshaft.
-Damper
giảm ga Reduce the throttle opening to go less fast.
-Ease up on the accelerator.
giảm tốc To slow down by taking one’s foot off the throttle
(opposite is accelerate).
-Decelerate
giàn lạnh In automotive air-conditioning systems, a
heat exchanger designed to absorb heat by
evaporation of a refrigerant.
-Evaporator
giàn sấy sơn Paint drier with heating elements below the
stoving line.
-A-drier
giao xe cho đại lý To drive (a new car) from the factory to the
distributor or dealer.
-Deliver
giật khi nhả ly hợp Tendency of a clutch to engage suddenly so that
it is difficult to start smoothly from rest.
-Fierceness

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 707

 giấy bảo hành A warranty, usually limited to corrosion damage,
không bị ăn mòn valid for an average of 6 years.
-Anti-corrosion warranty
giấy chứng nhận Safety Compliance Certification.
an toàn -SCC
giấy chứng nhận Certificate awarded when a vehicle passes an
kiểm tra MOT test.
-MOT certificate
giấy chứng nhận Certificate issued by the Department of Transport
tiêu chuẩn denoting that a particular vehicle type meets
official requirements.
-Type approval certificate
giấy đóng lệ phí Licence showing that road tax has been paid.
cầu đường -Road fund licence
giấy làm nhám Abrasive paper coated with sand for smoothing
and cleaning.
-Sandpaper
giấy nhám Paper with a rough surface for the removal of
matter.
-Abrasive paper
giấy nhám mịn Abrasive paper coated with particles of glass,
used for smoothing and polishing.
-Glasspaper
gíc-lơ Precision-made hole to control the flow of petrol,
air or air/ fuel mixture, as in a carburettor.
-Jet
gíc-lơ cân bằng hỗn Jet in the fuel-return line which establishes the
hợp mixture.
-Pill
gíc-lơ gió cầm Hole in a fixed-jet carburettor through which air is
chừng drawn into the idle system.
-Idle air jet

708 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 gíc-lơ hiệu chỉnh Jet in the idling circuit of a fixed jet carburettor
which measures and a admits fuel.
-Pilot jet
gíc-lơ không khí Jet admitting air into the emulsion tube of a
carburettor.
-Air correction jet
gíc-lơ phụ Jet in a fixed jet carburetor which supplies other
extra air or extra fuel to maintain the correct
mixture strength.
-Compensating jet
gió ngang xe Wind blowing at the side of the car.
-Crosswind
giới hạn áp suất In US English, it is pressure limiting valve.
-Proportioning valve
giới hạn mỏi Maximum stress that a material can endure for an
infinite number of stress cycles without breaking.
-Fatigue limit
giới hạn nhiệt độ tự The lower limit of the self-cleaning temperature,
làm sạch generally about 5000C.
-Self-cleaning limit
giữ lò xo xú-páp Retaining cap (of inlet /outlet valves) which
secures the valve keeper on the valve stem.
-Valve spring cap or collar
giữ ô tô trong To keep in a garage.
garage -Garage
giữ trong garage Kept in a garage. In advertisements, it is often
abbreviated to gar’d.
-Garaged
giũa bán nguyệt Body file with domed file surface for working
reverse-crowned panels.
-Half-round body file

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 709

 giũa có răng một File with teeth in one direction only, used for filing
hướng soft material.
-Single-cut file
giũa tay Flat file for shaping metal, with a rectangular
cross section, constant blade width and one
smooth edge.
-Hand file
giũa tròn Round file.
-Rat-tail file
giũa vạn năng Multi-purpose file.
-Multi-cut file
giũa vít lửa Thin, fine-toothed file for cleaning and smoothing
off the piles on contact breaker.
-Points file
giũa vít lửa nhỏ Tool for filing ignition points and other small
objects.
-Magneto file
gờ Rough edge or other small projection on metal.
-Burr
gờ bướu In wheel rims, which is hump.
-Ridge
gò cho bằng lại To hammer a panel from behind where it has
been dented so that the metal surface regains its
correct shape.
-To hammer out a dent
gờ của bạc nhớt để The part of the oil ring responsible for the seal
gạt nhớt between piston and cylinder wall and thus for the
actual ‘scraping off’ of the oil.
-Oil rail
gò gờ With flanges.
-Flanged.

710 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 gò không dùng đe Metalworking technique used to hammer out
dents in the bodywork.
-Off-the-dolly panel beating

gò khung bị lồi Metalworking process for removing pressure

ridges in body panels in which a spring beating
spoon is laid on the ridge area and is gradually
moved across the ridge while the spoon surface
is hammered with a body hammer.
-Spring beating

gò khung dùng đe Metalworking technique used to tap out dents in

the bodywork.
-On-the-dolly panel beating

gò lại Panel beating process for removing dents: the

panel is brought roughly into its original shape
before detailed work is performed in the finishing
stage; may also refer to the process of forming a
panel from sheet steel.
-Reshaping

gờ nổi bằng trên Raised and flattened portion on the bead seat
niềng xe of some wheel rims which retains the beads of
an insufficiently inflated tyre on the bead seat,
thereby preventing the tyre beads from jumping
into the rim well.
-Flat hump

gỗ ốp trong xe Striped hardwood used for interior trim as a

cheaper alternative to burr walnut.
-Zebrano or zebrawood

gờ rãnh xéc-măng The raised portion between two piston ring

grooves.
-Piston land

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 711

 gò thô First step in the panel beating process, in which
the panel is roughly brought back into shape with
a straightening hammer.
-Bumping out
gò thùng xe Beating out the dents in damaged bodywork.
-Panel beating
gò tinh Straightening very fine indentations or marks of
very small diameter on a panel surface with a pick
hammer.
-Panel picking
gờ vỏ xe Ridge on the sidewall of a tyre to protect it from
damage on impact with the kerb.
-Rib
góc camber Angle formed by the plane of the wheel to the
perpendicular as viewed from the front.
-Camber
góc caster Inclination or angle from the vertical of the kingpin
or steering axis on the ground between the
extended vertical axis through the wheel centre
and the point where the extended steering axis
would meet the ground.
-Caster
góc caster trái Distance on the ground when viewed from the
side, between the point of contact of the tyre
(which is also the extended vertical axis through
the wheel centre) and the point where a line
through the inclined kingpin (or the extended
steering axis) would meet the ground.
-Caster
góc caster dương When an imaginary line extended through the
steering axis cuts the wheel axis through the
wheel centre.
-Positive caster

712 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 góc chụm Angle formed by each front wheel plane and the
longitudinal axis of the car, usually expressed as
the difference in distance between right and left
wheel rims at front and rear, measured at hub level.
-Toe-in angle
góc đánh lửa Angle, measured in degrees crankshaft, by which
the ignition is advanced.
-Ignition angle
góc đánh lửa sớm To cause (something) to occur earlier.
-Advance
góc đánh lửa sớm Degree of spark advance before detonation.
tại thời điểm có -Knock limit
kích nổ
góc đánh lửa sớm Electronic map stored in the electronic control
tối ưu unit of ignitions with electronic spark timing and
containing the most favourable ignition angle/
ignition point for every operating point of the
engine.
-Ignition map
góc đảo lái Angle of deviation between a vehicle’s
longitudinal axis and its true direction of motion,
i.e. the difference between the direction a vehicle
is pointing when cornering and the direction in
which it is actually moving.
-Yaw angle
góc đặt bánh xe Toe-out or toe-in with the wheels in the straight-
kiểu Ackermann ahead position.
-Ackermann angle
góc kingpin Geometric parameter: ‘positive’ if the kingpin axis
intersects the wheel plane at or below ground
level, ‘negative’ if the point of intersection is above
ground level. It is also called scrub radius.
-Kingpin offset

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 713

 góc lái Steering angle.
-Lock angle
góc lái có thể Steering amount by which the wheels of a vehicle
are able to turn.
-Lock
góc lái giới hạn Angle between the line through the centre of a
wheel seen from above when taking a corner and
the same line when going straight.
-Angle of lock
góc lái tối đa The maximum angle attained by the wheels when
the steering wheel is turned to its full extent.
-Full lock
góc lăn Angular displacement of a vehicle about its
longitudinal axis, i.e. tendency of a vehicle to heel
over when cornering or in high cross winds.
-Roll (angle)
góc lệch khuỷu Angle of the offset crankpins in V-engines.
-Offset angle
góc ngậm Dwell.
-Cam angle
góc nghiêng Angle of a slope, e.g. caster angle.
-Rake (angle)
góc nghiêng tay lái Inclination or angle from the vertical of the kingpin
or steering axis on the ground between the
extended vertical axis through the wheel centre
and the point where the extended steering axis
would meet the ground.
-Caster
góc nghiêng trụ Kingpin inclination.
quay đứng -Steering-swivel inclination

714 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 góc nối Edge of a panel where it joins another.
-Abutting edge
góc ren The angle between the adjacent flanks of a
thread.
-Thread angle
góc trùng điệp Short period between the opening of the inlet
valve and the closing of the exhaust valve, when
both valves are open.
-Valve overlap
góc trùng điệp của Valve overlap.
xú-páp -Overlap.
góc trượt Angular difference between the direction in which
a tyre is effectively rolling and the wheel plane.
-Slip angle
gối tựa đầu Height adjustable head support, fitted nowadays
to both front and rear seats, to minimize the
effects of whiplash in a collision.
-Headrest or head restraint
gu-rông Threaded fastener without a head; similar to
a grub screw, but with an unthreaded portion
roughly in the middle; typically used for nut
and stud assembly of alloy parts, e.g. to attach
manifolds to alloy cylinder heads or to secure
the cylinder head to the cylinder block. The stud
is screwed into a threaded hole until the run-out
threads in the metal of the stud jam in the first
thread in the hole; studs should never reach the
bottom of the hole.
-Stud
guốc phanh Edge of a panel where it joins anoth.
-Abutting edge

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 715

 gương chiếu hậu Mirror that enables the driver to see what is
behind him/her without turning round. Although
all the driver’s mirrors are rear-view, this usually
refers to the interior mirror.
-Rear-view mirror
gương chiếu hậu Rear-view mirror located centrally near the top of
bên trong the windscreen.
-Interior mirror
gương chiếu hậu External, usually door mirror which can be
chỉnh điện adjusted from inside the car.
-Electric mirror
gương chiếu hậu Exterior, door-mounted, rear-view mirror;
trên cửa nowadays adjustable from inside the car.
-Door mirror
gương chống chói Dipping mirror.
-Anti-dazzle mirror
gương giảm chói Mirrors, which help to reduce annoying dazzle
from the headlights of following vehicles which
consists typically of two glass panes, one a mirror
and one clear. The clear glass is tilted by moving a
small control under the mirror which then deflects
the headlight glare downwards.
-Dipping mirror
gương phản xạ đèn Old headlight reflector in the shape of a parabola,
pha now replaced by ellipsoidal reflectors.
-Parabolic reflector
gương quan sát Tool used to inspect hidden areas on automotive
phần khuất parts.
-Inspection mirror
gương trang điểm Mirror on the inside of a sun visor.
-Vanity mirror

716 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hạ giá In American car sales, the practice of stating a
very low price for a new car to a customer who is
known or expected to be comparison shopping.
-Lowball
hai bánh bị động Of a vehicle with two-wheel drive; also written ‘4
x 2.
-Two-wheel driven
hai bánh chủ động The normal drive for a vehicle in which two of the
four wheels (either front or rear) are driven.
-Two-wheel drive
hai làn xe Road with two separate lanes for traffic traveling
in different directions, separated by a central
reserve.
-Dual carriageway
hại môi trường sinh Damage the environment.
thái -Ecological harmful
hai người cùng Second set of controls for use by a driving
điều khiển xe instructor when teaching someone to drive.
-Dual controls
hai tốc độ Having two-speed settings (e.g. fan, windscreen
wiper).
-Two-speed
hai trục cam trên Double Overhead Camshafts.
nắp máy -DOHC
hãm điện động System in which an electric motor can be
switched to generator mode when braking, so
that the kinetic energy involved may be stored in
the battery.
-Regenerative braking
hầm kiểm tra gầm Pit in the floor of a garage providing working
xe space underneath a vehicle.
-Inspection pit

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 717

 hàn To join together using solder.
-Solder
hàn bằng hợp kim The two stages of suspension movement
đồng requiring damping.
-Bump and rebound
hàn hồ quang điện Welding process widely used for do it yourself
repairs (as the required equipment is fairly cheap)
in which the welding current is generated by a
transformer, and the circuit is closed when the
electrode held in the welding rod holder touches
the metal surface; the electrode burns off as the
rod holder is moved along.
-Arc welding
hàn hồ quang khí A family of arc welding processes in the fusion
trơ welding category.
-Inert arc welding
hàn hơi Gas welding.
-Oxyacetylene welding.
hàn nhựa hơi nóng Welding process involving the joining of
thermoplastic materials by softening with a jet of
hot air, then joining them at the softened points.
-Hot gas welding
hãng sản xuất ô tô Motor manufacturer.
-Automobile manufacturer
hãng sản xuất ô tô German car manufacturer.
của Đức - Volkswagen (VW)
hạng sang Better in its quality or level of equipment than the
basic version.
-Deluxe
hãng xe Ford second largest car manufacturer in the world
(after GM).
-Ford

718 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hãng xe Toyota The largest car manufacturer in Japan and the
third largest in the world (after GM and Ford).
-Toyota
hành lý Travelling bags or suitcases.
-Luggage
hành trình The distance moved by a mechanical part when
performing an operation; e.g. the stroke of a
piston.
-Travel
hành trình đi xuống Downstroke of a piston in a spring damper.
của pít-tông giảm -Rebound stroke.
xóc
hành trình đi xuống Downward movement of the piston, either the
pít-tông induction stroke or the power stroke in the four-
stroke cycle.
-Down stroke
hành trình pít-tông Terms referring to the time between a valve
lên xuống opening and TDC or BDC (valve lead), and the
time between TDC or BDC and a valve closing
(valve lag).
-Lead and lag
hành trình pít-tông The ascending stroke of a piston, from BDC to
đi lên TDC.
-Up-stroke
hành trình sinh Downstroke of a piston, the third stroke in a four-
công stroke cycle.
-Power stroke
hành trình tự do The total stroke of a pedal.
bàn đạp -Pedal travel
hao nhiên liệu riêng Specific Fuel Consumption.
-SFC

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 719

 hấp thu năng lượng Able to absorb force of impact.
-Energy absorbing
hạt Particulate Matter.
-PM
hạt muội than Emission of solid particles of carbon and unburnt
hydrocarbons from the exhaust system.
-Particulate emission
hệ số phản xạ ánh Ratio of reflected luminous flux to that reflected
sáng from an ideal, perfectly reflecting surface when
similarly illuminated.
-Reflectance
hệ thống âm thanh Combination of a stereo radio with a cassette
xe player or sometimes with a CD player, for use in
a car.
-Car stereo
hệ thống an toàn General term for occupant safety systems such
cho người sử as seat belts, belt tensioners, air bags, child
dụng xe seats, etc.
-Restraint system
hệ thống an toàn xe Safety system developed by Audi which makes
Audi use of the relative displacement of the engine
during a frontal collision; steel cables pull the
steering wheel away from the driver and increase
the seat belt tension.
-Procon-ten
hệ thống báo động System in a car which announces warning
bằng âm thanh messages to the driver, e. g. ‘Warning! Oil
pressure too low’.
-Voice alert (system)
hệ thống báo động Alarm system.
trên xe hơi -Car alarm system

720 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hệ thống bảo vệ khi Supplemental restraint system airbag.
đụng bằng túi khí - SRS Airbag
hệ thống bốc hơi Early Fuel Evaporation System.
nhiên liệu sớm -EFE System
hệ thống bôi trơn The system in the engine that supplies engine
parts with lubricating oil to prevent contact
between any two metal surfaces.
-Lubrication system
hệ thống bôi trơn The usual engine lubrication system in which the
có ngăn chứa dầu oil is carried in a sump below the crankshaft; such
ở dưới a system relies on gravity draining the circulated
oil and needs no return pump.
-Wet sump lubrication
hệ thống bơm Secondary air system without air pump, using
không khí vào ống aspirator valves and the pulse air principle to
thải introduce fresh air into the exhaust system to
promote afterburning of unburnt hydrocarbons
and carbon monoxide.
-Air induction or injection system
hệ thống cầm At idle speed, the throttle valve is closed to such
chừng an extent that the airflow underneath the plunger
no longer forms a sufficient vacuum; the fuel is
then supplied via an auxiliary system, the idle
system, which consists of the idle jet, the idle air
jet and the mixture control screw.
-Idle system
hệ thống cân vàng System of measurement of weight used for gold
and other metals, such as silver and platinum.
-Troy weight
hệ thống cảnh báo A system, which helps in warning the driver in the
va chạm dangerous situation.
-Collision warning system

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 721

 hệ thống treo cầu Type of live rear axle suspension in which leaf
Hotchkiss springs absorb the drive torque.
-Hotchkiss drive
hệ thống chẩn đoán System of electronic devices on the vehicle which
alert the driver when a fault occurs, and to which
an engine analyzer can be connected.
-Diagnostic system
hệ thống chẩn đoán Indicating devices on the car that alert the driver
trên xe when something is wrong in the system.
-On-board diagnostic system
hệ thống chiếu Computer-aided lighting.
sáng điều khiển -CAL
điện tử
hệ thống chiếu Additional courtesy lighting system which
sáng lối vào illuminates the door entry area when the door is
ajar; consists usually of lights in the lower door
panels and footwells.
-Illuminated entry system
hệ thống chống Front suspension arrangement that converts the
chúi đầu xe down-ward force in the suspension links caused
by braking into a vertical force that tends to lift the
body, thus reducing dive under braking.
-Anti-dive system
hệ thống chống ồn Anti-noise system.
-ANS
hệ thống chống Theft protection system, which typically provides
trộm the following function: exterior and interior
protection; locking the boot and bonnet; making
the ignition system inoperative.
-Alarm system
hệ thống chuyên System designed to transport large numbers of
chở people (or goods).
-Mass transit system

722 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hệ thống đánh lửa Subsystem of the spark ignition engine, its basic
elements being the battery, the ignition switch, the
ignition coil, the distributor, the sparking plugs,
and the connecting cables.
-Ignition system
hệ thống đánh lửa Ignition system that uses semiconductors for the
bán dẫn switching operations.
-Semiconductor ignition system
hệ thống đánh lửa Transistorized Ignition with Inductive Pick-Up.
bán dẫn cảm biến -TI-I
điện từ
hệ thống đánh lửa TI-H, there are two types of TI-H; in one version,
bán dẫn cảm biến the dwell angle is determined by the width of
Hall the rotor vanes in the distributor; the other
version contains a circuit for automatic dwell
angle control incorporated in the electronic
control unit.
-Transistorized ignition with Hall generator
hệ thống đánh lửa Transistorized ignition system with a magnetic
bán dẫn có cảm pick-up in the distributor and an electronic control
biến unit for signal processing, with current and dwell
angle control.
-Transistorized ignition with inductive or
magnetic pick-up (TI-I)
hệ thống đánh lửa Transistorized ignition with inductive pick-up.
bán dẫn có cảm -Transistorized ignition system with
biến điện từ inductive pulse generator
hệ thống đánh lửa Contact breaker ignition system developed by
bán dẫn có vít của Lucas, controlled by two transistors, one serving
Lucas as a power output transistor.
-TAC system

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 723

 hệ thống đánh lửa Transistorized ignition system whose distributor
bán dẫn điều khiển is the same as that of a coil ignition system, but
vít whose contact breaker switch only the control
current; usually not fitted as original equipment.
-Break-triggered transistorized ignition
system
hệ thống đánh lửa Breakerless transistorized ingnition system.
bán dẫn không tiếp -Contactless electronic ignition system
điểm
hệ thống đánh lửa Electronic ignition system with a pulse generator
bán dẫn không vít such as a magnetic or Hall effect pick-up instead
lửa of a contact breaker, processing the signals
generator in an electronic control unit.
-Breakerless transistorized ignition
hệ thống đánh lửa Twin ignition.
bô-bin đôi -Dual ignition system
hệ thống đánh lửa Oscillating Pick-Up Ignition System.
cảm biến điện từ -OPUS
hệ thống đánh lửa General term for any battery-powered ignition
có ắc quy system where battery voltage by an ignition coil
or transistorized ignition unit.
-Battery ignition
hệ thống đánh lửa In the early days of straight eight engines, a
có bộ chia điện với distributor with two sets of contact points, firing
hai vít lửa alternately.
-Single-coil twin ignition
hệ thống đánh lửa Ignition system incorporating a ballast resistor
có điện trở phụ connected in series with the coil primary winding
and bypassed when the starter is operated,
ensuring improved cold starting performance and
spark efficiency.
-Ballast ignition system

724 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hệ thống đánh lửa Inductive ignition system with an ignition coil
điện cảm which stores the primary current from the battery
and steps it up to ignition (high tension) voltage,
which is then transferred to the sparking plugs via
the distributor and HT (high tension) leads in the
engine firing order.
-Coil ignition.
hệ thống đánh lửa Electronic ignition system whose ignition energy
điện dung is stored in the electrical field of a capacitor, which
discharges via the ignition transformer when a
thyristor is triggered at the ignition point.
-Capacitor discharge ignition CDI system
hệ thống đánh lửa Term used to designate breakerless transistorized
điện tử ignitions, transistorized ignitions with electronic
spark timing, and sometimes mapped ignition
systems.
-Electronic ignition system
hệ thống đánh lửa Transistorized ignition with Hall generator.
dùng cảm biến Hall -Hall-effect ignition system
hệ thống đánh lửa Microprocessor-controlled ignition system with
được điều khiển electronic ignition timing by means of an ignition
bằng vi xử lý map stored in the control unit memory.
-Grid-controlled ignition (system)
hệ thống đánh lửa Distributor with two sets of contact points, each
kép of which operates with its own coil in a separate
primary circuit; the contact points open alternately,
each set firing haft of the cylinders.
-Twin ignition system
hệ thống đánh lửa Electronic ignition system without a conventional
không bộ chia điện rotating distributor, using multi-spark ignition coils
or one ignition coil per sparking plug (DIS or DLI).
-Distributorless ignition system

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 725

 hệ thống đánh lửa Distributorless ignition system.
không dùng bộ chia -Solid-state ignition system
điện
hệ thống đánh lửa High Energy Ignition System.
năng lượng cao -HEIS
hệ thống đánh lửa Microprocessor-controlled ignition system with
theo chương trình electronic ignition timing by means of an ignition
map stored in the control unit memory.
-Map-controlled or mapped ignition
hệ thống đánh lửa Ignition system consisting of battery, ignition
thường switch, ballast resistor, ignition coil, distributor and
capacitor, contact breaker, centrifugal or vacuum
advance unit, sparking plug and ignition cables.
-Conventional ignition system
hệ thống đánh lửa Distributorless Ignition System (DIS).
trực tiếp -Direct Ignition System
hệ thống đánh lửa Twin ignition system.
trực tiếp bô-bin đôi -Twin plug or twin spark ignition
hệ thống đánh lửa Integrated Direct Ignition System.
trực tiếp loại tích -IDIS
hợp
hệ thống đánh lửa Distributorless ignition system consisting of two
trực tiếp tích hợp separate ignition coils, an ignition module, a
secondary conductor housing mounted to an
aluminium cover plate, a crankshaft sensor, and
electronic spark timing.
-Integrated Direct Ignition System
hệ thống đánh lửa Continuous AC Ignition System.
xoay chiều liên tục -CACIS
hệ thống điện Combination of all wiring circuits and electrical
units and equipment on a vehicle, with the
exception of those in the ignition system.
-Electrical system

726 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hệ thống điện một Electrical circuit, where only one conductor is
dây laid from the voltage source to the load; return is
realized via the vehicle body.
-Single-connector system
hệ thống điều chỉnh High Energy Ignition System with Electronic
thời điểm đánh lửa Spark Timing.
điện tử -HEIS-EST
hệ thống điều chỉnh System that allows the driver to maintain proper
vị trí đèn pha headlight beam position regardless of vehicle load.
-Headlight levelling
hệ thống điều hòa The system which controls the climate inside a car.
không khí -Air-conditioning system or climate control
system
hệ thống điều hòa Air-conditioning system which automatically
không khí tự động maintains a preset temperature.
-Automatic air conditioning system
hệ thống điều hoà Combined heating and air-conditioning system.
nhiệt độ -Climate control system
hệ thống điều khiển Computer controlled system which maintains a
chạy tự động preset speed unit the driver overrides the system
by braking or accelerating, or by shutting it off.
-Cruise control
hệ thống điều khiển Electronic engine control system which covers
động cơ at least the functioning of the fuel injection and
ignition, but may also include emission controls
and self-diagnostics.
-Engine Management System (EMS)
hệ thống điều khiển Hydraulic or electro-hydraulic system which
hộp số controls the changes of ratio in automatic
transmissions corresponding to engine load,
vehicle speed, positions of the selector lever, and
shift mode button.
-Transmission control system

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 727

 hệ thống điều khiển Anti-spin regulation.
lực kéo chống trượt -Traction control system

hệ thống điều khiển Exhaust control system developed especially

thời điểm thải for two-stroke motorcycle engines in order to
enhance low and mid-range power.
-Exhaust timing

hệ thống điều khiển Combined fuel injection and ignition system

tích hợp Multec Multec.
-Multec (system)

hệ thống điều khiển Typically consists of front and rear anti-roll bars,
tính năng xe nitrogen-filled gas shock absorbers, special
springs.
-Performance handling system

hệ thống điều tiết The carburettor components are divided into the
nhiên liệu fuel intake control, the main regulating system,
the idle system which includes the main jet, jet
needle, needle jet and throttle valve, whose
purpose is to provide an appropriate amount of
fuel and air to the carburettor.
-Main regulating system

hệ thống định vị The system is a space-based satellite

toàn cầu navigation system that provides location and
time information in all weather, anywhere on or
near the Earth, where there is an unobstructed
line of sight to four or more satellites. It is
maintained by the United States government and
is freely accessible to anyone with a receiver.
The system program provides critical capabilities
to military, civil and commercial users around
the world. In addition, it is the backbone for
modernizing the global air traffic system.
-Global positioning system

728 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hệ thống đo đạc và General term covering all gauges, indicators,
điều khiển switches, regulators, and buttons.
-Instruments and controls
hệ thống dò đài tự A system which automatically stabilizes and tunes
động the frequency of a selected radio station.
-Digital frequency control
hệ thống dò radio Quartzcontrolled tuning system with digital tuning
tự động and frequency display; uses micro-processor-
controlled PLL circuitry (QTS).
-Quartz tuning system
hệ thống đóng cửa System which automatically closes doors
tự động windows and sunroof.
-Automatic closing system
hệ thống động lực Drive train.
-Power train
hệ thống dự phòng System which remains safe even when part of it
fails, such as a dual-circuit brake system.
-Fail-safe system
hệ thống gạt nước System which increases blade pressure on the
windscreen as the car gathers pace.
-Speed-sensitive wiper system.
hệ thống gạt nước System in which the wiper arm is attached both
thanh gạt chạy at the top and bottom and, instead of describing
thẳng the usual arc, is guided in a straight line from one
side of the windscreen to the other.
-Linear wiper system
hệ thống gạt xịt Electrical system for cleaning the rear
nước kính sau window, comprising a water pump, reservoir
and wiper.
-Rear wash/wipe system

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 729

 hệ thống gia tốc Automatic gearbox system that enables a driver
nhanh trong hộp số to accelerate rapidly, by fully depressing the
tự động accelerator pedal to engage a lower gear than
the one selected by the automatic gearbox.In US
English, it is forced downshift.
-Kickdown
hệ thống giảm chấn Suspension control system comprising
tự động microprocessor controlled, electronically
adjustable air shock absorbers for automatic
selection of the optimum damping characteristics
depending on road surface and load conditions.
-Electronic ride control
hệ thống khí thải Twin exhaust system.
kép -Dual exhaust system
hệ thống khóa cửa Allows locking and unlocking of the vehicle’s
không chìa khóa doors and boot without using a key.
-Keyless entry system
hệ thống khởi động Boot system
-Starting system
hệ thống khử tiếng Noise Cancellation System.
ồn -NCS
hệ thống kiểm soát System for reducing evaporation emissions
bốc hơi nhiên liệu by means of a sealed fuel tank,a vapour-liquid
separator, a three-way valve, an active carbon
filter, and a network of interconnecting hoses.
-Evaporation control system or evaporation
emission control (system) (EVAP).
hệ thống kiểm soát Emission management system.
khí thải -EMS
hệ thống kiểm soat Any system, device or modification added onto or
khí xả designed into a motor vehicle for the purpose of
reducing air-polluting emissions, such as catalytic
converter.
-Emission control (system )

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 hệ thống kiểm soát Evaporative emission control system.
ô nhiễm hơi xăng -Fuel vapour recirculation system.
hệ thống kiểm soát General Motors term covering a set of emission
quá trình cháy control measures, including (i) modified
combustion champer design, (ii) high-temperature
coolant systems, (iii) thermostatically controlled
air cleaners, (iv) very lean A/F mixtures, (v) high
idle speed, (vi) severely retarded ignition timing,
(vii) TCS and TVS.
-Controlled combustion system (CCS)
hệ thống kiểm soát Cruise control.
tốc độ -Speed control system
hệ thống kính cửa Windows which are raised and lowered by electric
điện motors, and operated by switches on the centre
console or on the door. In US English, they are
power windows.
-Electric windows
hệ thống lái General term encompassing all components of
the steering system or the steering function of a
vehicle.
-Steering system
hệ thống lái hai Steering in which the steered wheels are pivoted
bánh on kingpins, which is the usual arrangement on
motor vehicles.
-Double pivot steering
hệ thống lái bốn Steering system which steers the rear as well as
bánh the front wheels.
-Four-wheel steering
hệ thống lái có Special version of the worm-and-nut steering in
bánh vít và đai ốc di which ball bearings circulate between nut and
chuyển worm to reduce friction.
-Recirculating ball steering

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 731

 hệ thống lái có lực A first full-scale and usually functional form of a
new type or design of a vehicle.
-Prototype
hệ thống lái có trợ Power-Assisted Steering.
lực -PAS
hệ thống lái Cam-and roller steering.
Gemmer -Gemmer steering
hệ thống lái hình Steering system with a drop arm and idler arm.
bình hành -Parallelogram steering (system)
hệ thống lái kiểu From of double-pivot steering in which the front
Ackermann wheels turn on kingpins andare connected
by inclined steering arms and a track rod, so
arranged angle than the outer.
-Ackermann steering
hệ thống lái kiểu bi Recirculating ball steering.
tuần hoàn -Ball and nut steering
hệ thống lái kiểu Steering system in which rotation of the worm
trục vít - đai ốc causes a nut, which encloses it, to move up or
down, thus turning the rocker shaft.
-Worm-and-nut steering
hệ thống lái kiểu Cam-and-lever steering.
trục vít - đòn bẩy -Worm-and-lever steering
hệ thống lái kiểu Type of steering system in which rotation of the
trục vít răng cong worm moves a V-shaped section of a toothed
wheel at the top of the rocker shaft.
-Worm-and-sector steering
hệ thống lái Marles Form of cam-and-roller steering Marles.
-Marles steering
hệ thống lái trợ lực Steering system in which a hydraulic pump or an
electric motor powered by the engine helps the
driver to turn the steering wheel.
-Power-Assisted Steering (PAS)

732 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hệ thống lái trợ lực The steering system, which is enhanced steering
dầu force by using the force from a hydraulic pump.
-Hydraulic power steering system
hệ thống lái trợ lực The steering system, which is enhanced
điện steering force by using the force from an
electric motor.
-Electric power steering system
hệ thống lái trợ lực Steering system, which uses an electric motor to
điện và thủy lực pump the hydraulic oil to supply the power helping
the driver to turn the steering wheel.
-Electric hydraulic steering system
hệ thống lái tỷ số Steering ratio characteristics in power steering
truyền thay đổi systems providing different ratios for small and
large steering angles.
-Variable ratio steering
hệ thống làm bốc System that heats the inlet manifold to provide
hơi nhiên liệu a warm air/fuel mixture, reducing condensation
and improving fuel evaporation, thus improving
cold engine operation and reducing exhaust
emissions.
-Early fuel evaporation (EFE) system
hệ thống làm mát System for keeping the temperature of an engine
down to a desirable level, usually by the circulation
of water with additives.
-Cooling system
hệ thống làm mát The normal cooling system used on most cars
bằng nước and lorries to keep the temperature of the engine
down to a desirable level; engine heat is removed
via water acting as a coolant which surrounds
the cylinders in a water passages, coolant pump,
thermostat, hoses, and radiator.
-Water cooling system

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 733

 hệ thống làm sạch Emission control system for diesel engines, which
khí thải may consist of an exhaust scrubber, a diesel
exhaust filter, and/ or a catalytic converter.
-Exhaust gas purification (system).
hệ thống lau đèn System that cleans headlamps with a jet of water
and a small wiper (blade).
-Headlamp wash/wipe
hệ thống luân hồi Heating and ventilation subsystem which
không khí tự động automatically switch to the recirculation mode
when the pollutant levels of the air inside the
vehicle exceed certain levels (e.g. in rush-hour
nose-to-tail traffic), but after a certain period of
recirculation (typically after 3 minutes), opens
the intake air doors again to let some fresh air in,
even if its quality is still questionable.
-Automatic air recirculation system
hệ thống luân hồi Secondary air system without air pump, using
không khí vào ống aspirator valves and the pulse air principle to
thải introduce fresh air into the exhaust system to
promote afterburning of unburnt hydrocarbons
and carbon monoxide.
-Air induction or injection system
hệ thống nâng đuôi Rear suspension arrangement that converts the
xe khi tăng tốc downward force cause by acceleration into a
vertical force that tends to lift the rear body, thus
reducing ‘squat’ under acceleration.
-Anti-squat system (ASR)
hệ thống nạp Part of the fuel system in a SI engine, including
air filter, carburettor or injectors, inlet manifold,
inlet ports and valves.
-Induction system
hệ thống nạp khí System in a two-stroke engine where the fresh
qua các-te charge is induced into the cylinder via the
crankcase and the transfer ports.
-Crankcase scavenging

734 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hệ thống nạp System in which either a conventional
cưỡng bức supercharger or a turbocharger, or even a
combination of both, is used to increase intake
pressure and force the mixture into the cylinders.
-Forced-induction system

hệ thống ngắt System which cuts off vacuum ignition advance

đánh lửa sớm chân when a car is cruising at low speeds, typically
không under 35 mph; for this purpose, a solenoid-
operated valve is hooked into the distributor
advance vacuum line, which is governed by a
speed-dependent signal from a switch mounted
on the transmission.
-Speed control vacuum advance

hệ thống ngắt sóng System which interrupts a radio broadcast with

radio để báo kẹt xe the latest information on e. g. traffic problems
(RDS).
-Radio data system

hệ thống ngắt xú- On some four-valve engines at low speed the

páp main rocker arms open only two valves per
combustion chamber in order to keep the energy
of the gases at high level; with increasing rpm,
the energy of the gases becomes sufficiently
strong for the remaining two valves to be opened
via hydraulic locking bolts.
-Valve cut-out

hệ thống nhiên liệu System that delivers the fuel and air to the engine
cylinders, comprising the fuel tank and lines, fuel
pump, carburettor or fuel injection system, and
inlet manifold.
-Fuel system

hệ thống ống dẫn System of pipes.

-Pipework

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 735

 hệ thống ống góp More hard-wearing and therefore more expensive
thải system than one made of mild steel.
-Stainless-steel exhaust system
hệ thống phanh Complete set of braking equipment.
-Braking system
hệ thống phanh A new ABS control system which offers improved
ABS với bộ điều tiết pressure modulation with very small amplitudes
áp suất even at pressures close to zero.
-Plunger principle
hệ thống phanh The system, which oprates to help a car in case
chống hãm cứng it slipes.
-Anti-lock braking system
hệ thống phanh Anti-lock braking system.
chống trượt -Anti-skid braking system
hệ thống phanh có Braking system which uses a vacuum brake
trợ lực booster (servo) to reduce the pressure on the
brake pedal.
-Power-assisted brakes
hệ thống phanh Dual-circuit braking systems, in which each
dạng mạch chéo circuit brakes one front wheel and the diagonally
opposite rear wheel, so that in case of failure of
one circuit reasonably balanced braking can be
achieved.
-Diagonal split braking system
hệ thống phanh dầu Brakes operated by hydraulic pressure.
-Hydraulic brakes or hydraulic braking
system
hệ thống phanh hai Hydraulic braking system that provides two
mạch riêng separate, independent hydraulic circuits, each
acting on two wheels.
-Dual-circuit braking system

736 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hệ thống phanh một Braking system in which a single line is used to
mạch connect towing vehicle and trailer. It is not to be
confused with single-circuit braking system.
-Single-line braking system
hệ thống phanh một Old form of hydraulic braking system in which a
mạch dầu single circuit serves all four brakes. It is not to be
confused with single-line braking system.
-Single-circuit braking system
hệ thống phanh thứ HGV spring brake system which exerts force
cấp when air pressure is released.
-Secondary braking system
hệ thống phanh với Braking system in which towing vehicle and trailer
đường ống kép are connected by two or more brake lines.
-Dual-line braking system
hệ thống phun đa Multi-point injection.
điểm -Multiple-point injection
hệ thống phun đơn Petrol fuel-injection system which sprays fuel
điểm under pressure into the intake air at one place,
usually the throttle body on the inlet manifold; it
is less complicated than a multi-point injection
system but achieves better carburation than a
carburettor (SPI).
-Single point injection
hệ thống phun hơi Based on the same principle as water injection
nước systems, the steam injection system uses engine
exhaust heat and a boiler to pre-heat and boil the
water before it is injected into the inlet manifold
as steam.
-Steam injection
hệ thống phun System that injects fuel into the engine and
nhiên liệu điện tử includes an electronic control unit to time and
meter the flow.
-Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI)

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 737

 hệ thống phun Electrically controlled injection.
nhiên liệu điều -ECI
khiển điện
hệ thống phun Fuel injection system in which bursts of petrol are
nhiên liệu tuần tự sprayed into the inlet ports by injectors at timed
intervals (SFI). It is also called timed fuel injection.
-Sequential fuel injection
hệ thống phun Petrol fuel-injection system in which only air
nhiều điểm enters the inlet manifold; as the air approaches
the inlet valve, an injection valve opens in the
valve port, spraying fuel into the airstream.
-Multi-point injection
hệ thống phun System that prevents detonation in high-
nước vào đường compression engines by injecting metered amounts
ống nạp of water into the inlet manifold where it mixes with
the air/ fuel charge entering the engine; there the
water spray turns to steam, cooling combustion and
cleaning out old carbon deposits.
-Water injection (system)
hệ thống phun trực Systems create rapid injection of fuel into a diesel
tiếp tốc độ cao engine.
-High speed direct injection
hệ thống phun xăng Electronic fuel injection.
điện tử -EFI
hệ thống phun xăng The LE-Jetronic system incorporates the
điện tử đo trực tiếp advantages of direct airflow measurement with
lưu lượng the enhancements afforded by electronics.
-LE-Jetronic
hệ thống phun xăng Electronically controlled fuel injection system.
điện tử kiểu L -L-Jetronic (fuel injection) system
hệ thống phun xăng Single point injection system developed by Bosch.
đơn điểm -Mono-Jetronic

738 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hệ thống phun Ccommonly used mechanical fuel injection
xăng liên tục kiểu system made by Bosch in which the amount
K-jetronic of fuel injected continuously under pressure
into the inlet ports is controlled by an airflow
meter
-K-Jetronic
hệ thống quét khí Scavenging process of two-stroke engines.
một chiều -Unidirectional (flow) scavenging or uniflow
scavenging.
hệ thống rung động Pulse Air Injection Reactor System.
khí thải -PAIR System
hệ thống sản xuất Computer-Integrated Manufacturing.
điều khiển bằng -CIM
máy tính
hệ thống sản xuất System of production where components are
nhịp nhàng delivered as they are required rather than keeping
them in store.
-Just-in-time system
hệ thống sưởi System for heating the interior of a vehicle.
-Heater
hệ thống thải Exhaust system.
-Exhaust
hệ thống thêm/ System in vehicles with secondary air injection
thông gió khi giảm or induction, which prevents an over-rich mixture
tốc being supplied to the inlet manifold during
deceleration, resulting in unburnt fuel being
carried over to the hot exhaust system where it
cause uncontrolled detonations.
-Air gulp system
hệ thống thông hơi Introduced in 1963 (PCV), PCV serves to reduce
các-te emissions by recycling crankcase fumes and
blow-by gases.
-Positive crankcase ventilation

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 739

 hệ thống thông tin Instrumentation and control systems.
-I&C systems
hệ thống thông tin Using the car radio speakers, this microprocessor-
bằng giọng nói based system tells the driver the source of the
problem in a clear, pleasant (female) voice; if the
radio is on at the time of the alert, the computer
automatically turns down the volume so the
warning can be heard.
-Talking warning system
hệ thống tích áp System in an automatic transmission comprising
a hydraulic accumulator controlled by a valve,
and a running time throttle.
-Accumulator system
hệ thống tích hợp Seat belt with all belt elements and deflection
ghế với dây đai an points integrated in the seat; this improves
toàn occupant restrain in every seating position,
but particularly sturdy seats and floorpans are
required (SBS).
- Seat-Integrated Belt System (SIBS)
hệ thống treo Vehicle suspension in which gas in compression,
hydraulic power is the principal or only spring
medium.
-Suspension system
hệ thống treo bán Rear axle design with a torsionally flexible
độc lập crossmember, the wheels being located on
trailing links.
-Semi-independent suspension
hệ thống treo chủ Suspension system which uses microprocessors
động to control electronically adjustable shock
absorbers which adapt automatically to the road
surface and load.
-Active suspension

740 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hệ thống treo có trụ Once popular front suspension layout, incorporated
trượt for example in Lancia and Morgan cars, in which
a carrier-mounted stub axle slides up and down a
vertical pillar with enclosed coil springs providing
the suspension; less sophisticated versions were
used in several pre-war cycle cars.
-Sliding-pillar suspension
hệ thống treo điện Suspension whose characteristics can be tuned
tử to driving conditions, such as by hydraulic
adjustment of spring supports plus electronic
correction of the damping rate.
-Semi-active suspension
hệ thống treo điều Electrically controlled suspension.
khiển bằng điện -ECS
hệ thống treo độc Separate suspension system for any of the
lập wheels.
-Independent suspension
hệ thống treo đòn Unequal-length wishbone suspension (LA).
dài -Long arm suspension
hệ thống treo đòn Form of independent suspension most frequently
kép used at the front of a vehicle, with upper and
lower wishbones of equal length.
-Double wishbone suspension
hệ thống treo đòn Unequal-length wishbone suspension (SA).
ngắn -Short arm suspension
hệ thống treo Independent front suspension and steering
Dubonnet arrangement used in the 1930s and 1940s, in
which the axle beam is rigidly attached to the
vehicle frame, and suspension arms, from which
the wheels are mounted on stub axles Dubonnet.
-Dubonnet suspension

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 741

 hệ thống treo hai Double wishbone suspension system in which
đòn có chiều dài the upper wishbone is shorter than the lower one,
không bằng nhau with both converging slightly at the wheel hub;
reduces tyre wear due to variations in track and
camber angle when cornering.
-Unequal-length wishbone suspension

hệ thống treo hai The double-wishbone suspension system in

đòn có chiều dài which the upper wishbone is equal to the lower
không đổi one; reduces tire wear due to variations in track
and camber angle when cornering.
- Equal-length wishbone suspension.

hệ thống treo hình Double wishbone suspension.

bình hành -Parallelogram suspension

hệ thống treo kết Proprietary suspension system incorporating a

hợp conical rubber spring compressed by hydraulic
pressure; this system also provides a hydraulic
interconnection between front and rear wheels on
one side of the vehicle.
-Hydrolastic suspension

hệ thống treo khí Vehicle suspension in which air or gas in

compression is the principal or only spring medium.
-Air suspension

hệ thống treo Suspension layout incorporating MacPherson

MacPherson struts.
-MacPherson suspension

hệ thống treo Hydro pneumatic suspension developed by

Moulton Hydragas Leyland.
-Moulton Hydragas suspension

hệ thống treo Hydrolastic suspension developed by Leyland.

Moulton Hydrolastic -Moulton Hydrolastic suspension

742 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hệ thống treo phía Assembly of linkages and springs supporting the
trước front wheels.
-Front suspension
hệ thống treo sau Independent rear suspension layout also used
năm thanh nối on live rear axles, in which each wheel is guided
by two trailing links, two transverse links and a
common track rod.
-Five-link rear suspension
hệ thống treo sau System in which each behind wheel is
độc lập independently sprung (IFS).
-Independent behind suspension
hệ thống treo sau Special multi-link rear suspension design,
độc lập nhiều khâu developed by Mercedes-Benz for the W 201
series.
-Multi-link independent rear suspension
hệ thống treo sau Rear axle design with torsionally flexible axle
liên kết mềm beam in line with the rear wheels and trailing links.
-Flex arm suspension
hệ thống treo sau General term for independent rear suspension
nhiều khâu layouts incorporating several control arms.
-Multi-link rear suspension
hệ thống treo sau Independent rear suspension layout, also used
với bốn thanh nối on live rear axle, in which each wheel is guided
by two control arms, one mounted longitudinally,
the other mounted transversely or almost
transversely, thus providing lateral location for
the axle.
-Four-link rear suspension.
hệ thống treo tay Double wishbone suspension.
đòn chữ A đôi -Twin A-arm suspension
hệ thống treo thuỷ Hydropneumatic suspension.
khí -Oleopneumatic suspension

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 743

 hệ thống treo thủy Hydropneumatic suspension.
lực -Hydraulic suspension
hệ thống treo thuỷ- Hydropneumatic suspension.
khí -Hydragas suspension
hệ thống treo trước Independent Front Suspension.
độc lập -IFS
hệ thống treo trước Front suspension layout primarily used by
đòn kéo song song Volkswagen on rear-engined cars.
-Parallel trailing link suspension
hệ thống treo tự Automatic level control system.
động -Self-levelling suspension system.
hệ thống trợ lực lái Entirely hydraulic power steering system without
thủy lực mechanical steering links.
-Hydrostatic steering
hệ thống tự đỗ xe The ability of a car to park automatically, without
any input from the driver; introduced by the VW
Futura in 1991.
-Self-parking
hệ thống tự động Quartz Tuning System.
dò radio -QTS
hệ thống tự động System with two functions; when activated, it
tắt bật đèn pha can turn the headlights automatically ON during
darkness and OFF during daylight; it can also be
used to keep the headlights ON up to approximately
three minutes after leaving the parked vehicle; useful
in dark, high-risk area; the system is controlled by a
photovoltaic cell on the dashboard.
-Headlight on/off delay system
hệ thống tuần hoàn Process in which a small portion of the exhaust
khí thải gas is mixed with air in the induction tract, which
has the effect of reducing the nitrogen oxides
then emitted.
-Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)

744 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hệ thống tuần hoàn Heating and ventilation subsystem which
không khí tự động automatically switch to the recirculation mode
when the pollutant levels of the air inside the
vehicle exceed certain levels (e.g. in rush-hour
nose-to-tail traffic), but after a certain period of
recirculation (typically after 3 minutes), opens
the intake air doors again to let some fresh air in,
even if its quality is still questionable.
-Automatic air recirculation (control) system.

hệ thống túi khí Air bag (SIR).

-Supplementary inflatable restraint

hệ thống tua-bin Turbo-charging system in which, as long as the

tăng áp charging pressure is insufficient, the air is drawn
in from a prechamber via a diaphragm valve; with
rising charging pressure, the valve closes and
the turbocharger delivers air via the surge tank
connected to a pressure regulator.
-Two-way system

hệ thống xả có hai Exhaust system with two tailpipes; either a

ống pô complete exhaust system, as on performance
cars and cars with V-engines, or simply two
tailpipes emanating from the rear silencer. In US
English, it is dual exhaust system.
-Twin exhaust system

hệ thống xịt và gạt System operated by the same lever on the control
nước kính stalk that operates the wipers, which directs a jet
of water onto the windscreen and activates the
wipers for a short period.
-Windscreen wash/ wipe system

hệ thống xông Air heating system which operates independently

of the engine.
-Parking heater

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 745

 hệ thống xông kính Device or system for clearing a windscreen or
rear window which is misted up or covered in ice.
In US English, it is defogger or defroster.
-Demister
hệ thống xông kính Heated rear window.
sau -Backing heater or defogging system
hệ thống xông Cold starting aid for diesel engines, consisting of
trước diesel glow plugs, a glow-control unit, and a glow plug
and starter switch, for preheating the combustion
chamber or the intake air up to auto-ignition
temperature.
-Preheater system.
hệ treo độc lập Independent suspension.
-Single-wheel suspension
hết điện Completely discharged, so that it cannot turn the
engine and the lights into best state.
-Flat
hiện tượng động cơ Running-on.
vẫn nổ sau khi tắt -Dieseling
công tắc máy
hiện tượng kích nổ Engine knock.
-Spark knock
hiện tượng matit A tendency of a hardened filler to settle
trồi excessively, making the feather edges of the filled
area stand out on the painted surface.
-Sink in
hiện tượng rung Rapid opening and closing of electrical contacts
tiếp điểm causing intermittent functioning of the circuit.
-Contact bounce
Hiệp hội Kỹ sư Ô tô American professional body which develops
Hoa Kỳ standards in automotive (and aeronautical)
engineering.
- Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)

746 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 Hiệp hội Những nhà official organization of the British motor industry.
sản xuất và kinh - Society of Motor Manufacturers and
doanh ô tô Traders (SMMT)
Hiệp hội Ô tô Quốc International umbrella motoring organization
tế to which national motoring organizations are
affiliated.
- Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile
(FIA)
Hiệp hội Ô tô Thể The international governing body of motor sport.
thao Quốc tế -Fédération Internationale du Sport
Automobile.
Hiệp hội Ô tô Automotive association (of a hexagon, square
drive, etc.).
-AA
hiệu chỉnh động cơ To tune an engine for peak performance.
đạt công suất tối đa -Tweak
hiệu chỉnh đúng To obtain the correct position, usually by reducing
a clearance.
-To take up the adjustment
hiệu chỉnh sai Poorly tuned.
-Out of tune
hiệu điện thế đánh Maximum high voltage required to produce a
lửa spark under particular conditions.
-Required ignition voltage.
hiệu điện thế giữa The sum of the individual battery cell voltages.
hai cực ắc quy -Terminal voltage
hiệu điện thế Hall Hall voltage.
-Hall vane switch
hiệu điện thế thấp Low voltage.
-Low tension

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 747

 hiệu năng Specifically, acceleration and top speed of a car.
-Performance

hiệu quả Actual rather than theoretical or potential.

-Effective.

hiệu quả trung bình Average pressure in the cylinders of an engine

divided by its mechanical efficiency, i.e. the ratio
of the power actually delivered at an output shaft
to power developed in the cylinders; used as an
indication of torque.
-Brake mean effective pressure

hiệu suất Performance of a mechanical device or system,

especially with regard to the amount of energy
used.
-Efficiency

hiệu suất cao Producing better than average results.

-High-performance

hiệu suất động cơ Ratio of brake horsepower to indicated

horsepower.
-Mechanical efficiency

hiệu suất nạp Figure indicated the mass of charge retained in

the cylinder of a two-stroke engine after the ports
close, divided by the actual swept volume.
-Charging efficiency

hiệu suất nạp hai kỳ The mass of fresh charge in a cylinder actually
retained, divided by the mass of fresh charge
supplied per cycle.
-Trapping efficiency

hiệu suất nhiệt The ratio of useful work available from an engine
to the heat supplied from the fuel.
-Thermal efficiency

748 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hiệu suất phanh Braking effort as a percentage of the weight of
the vehicle.
-Braking efficiency
hiệu ứng bảo vệ Protective effect occurring as a result of the
combination of a metallic and an additional
organic coating.
-Synergetic or synergistic effect.
hiệu ứng Hall In electrical conductors where electric current
flows perpendicular to a magnetic field, a so-
called Hall voltage is produced perpendicular to
the direction of current flow and to the magnetic
field.
-Hall effect
hiệu ứng Kadenacy When a port of a two-stroke engine opens
abruptly, as the case with a rectangular exhaust
port, the cylinder pressure gives rise to a positive
pressure wave transmitted down the exhaust pipe
at the speed of sound Kadenacy.
-Kadenacy effect
hiệu xe Rolls-Royce Rolls-Royce.
-Roller
hình chạc With one end in the shape of a Y.
-Forked
hình dáng khí động Streamlined, offering low wind resistance of a car,
lực bodywork, etc..
-Aerodynamic
hình học cơ cấu lái The geometric arrangement of the components
and linkages of a steering system, incorporating
various steering angles.
-Steering geometry
hình lưỡi liềm Part between the inner and outer gears.
-Crescent

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 749

 hình nón In the shape of a cone tapered.
-Conical
hình ống In the shape of a tube; cylindrical.
-Tubular.
hình thành gỉ To form rust.
-Rust
hình vành khuyên In the form of a ring.
-Annular
hồ quang điện To jump across a gap, especially of an electric
current forming a discharge.
-Arc
hỗ trợ bằng máy In which computers are used for calculations, etc.
tính -Computer aided
hoa gai trên vỏ xe Tyre tread pattern is designed to rotate in one
direction only.
-Directional tread pattern
hòa khí với nhiên Atomized air/ fuel mixture heated in the engine,
liệu đã bốc hơi ready for combustion.
-Fuel vapour
hoàn lực khi xe The restoring force of a tyre at the centre of the
quay vòng footprint when subjected to a side force, as when
cornering; this attempt to reduce the slip angle
by the tyre makes the steering feel heavy to the
driver.
-Self-aligning torque
hoạt động độc lập Independent of the main production process line;
characterized by a separate operation.
-Off-line
hoạt động dưới Unresponsive; functioning at below normal rate
mức bình thường or level.
-Sluggish

750 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hoạt động nhờ cáp Brought into operation by a cable.
kéo -Cable-operated
hốc Cavities extending from the surface into the metal
as a result of pitting corrosion.
-Pits
hộc Cell consisting of electrodes immersed in an
electrolyte solution for carrying out electrolysis.
-Electrolytic cell
hốc cầu Recessed spherical socket for receiving the ball
in a ball joint.
-Ball socket
hộc nhỏ trên cửa Container now usually mounted on, rather than
in, the door trim, for maps, dusters, cloths, etc.
-Door pocket
Học viện Giao British organization set up to increase the
thông Đường bộ competence and professionalism of vehicle
owners and drivers.
- Institute of Road Transport Engineers
(IRTE)
hơi The gaseous form of a liquid (usually caused by
heating.
-Vapour
Hội Chế tạo và Sửa Vehicle Builders and Repairers Association.
chữa xe -VBRA
hỗn hợp cao su và Mixture of natural and/ or synthetic rubbers, and
chất lưu hoá vulcanizing agents, used in tyre production.
-Batch
hỗn hợp hòa khí (two-stroke engine) mixture of oil and petrol in
the fuel tank of a two-stroke engine; e.g. 1:50, i.e.
one part of oil is added to every 50 parts of fuel.
-Mixture

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 751

 hỗn hợp hòa khí A mixture containing little or a lot of fuel in relation
giàu hoặc nghèo to air.
-A lean or rich air/ fuel mixture
hỗn hợp hòa khí Of an air/ fuel mixture that has more petrol than
giàu xăng normal. It is opposite to lean.
-Rich
hỗn hợp hòa khí Mixture with more oxygen than necessary to
nghèo burn the fuel contained in the mixture, which is
opposite to rich mixture.
-Lean mixture
hỗn hợp khí ôxi và Highly explosive mixture of oxygen and hydrogen,
hydro generated during charging of lead-acid batteries.
-Oxyhydrogen gas
hỗn hợp nhiều hợp A mixture of two or more different compatible
chất cao phân tử polymers.
-Polymer alloy
hỗn hợp quá nghèo The mixture is too weak.
- Too much air in the mixture
hỗn hợp xăng và A gasoline/ alcohol blend containing 10% ethanol
cồn and 90% unleaded petrol.
-Gasohol
hỏng To cease to operate.
-Break down
họng khuếch tán Carburetor venture.
-Choke tube
họng khuếch tán bộ Main tubular section of a carburetor including the
chế hòa khí air intake and choke tube.
-Barrel
hông vỏ xe The part of a tyre between the tread and the
sidewall.
-Shoulder

752 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hộp cầu chì Unit with a removable cover that holds the fuses
for the various electrical circuits, which are all
routed through it.
-Fuse box
hợp chất cao phân Polymer used in toughening rubber.
tử -Ethyl acrylate
hợp chất cao phân Polymer produce from two different monomers.
tử sản xuất từ hai -Copolymer
đơn thể
hợp chất đơn phân A relatively simple compound which can react with
tử itself to form a polymer or with other monomers to
form a copolymer.
-Monomer
hợp chất Generic term for chemical compounds composed
hydrocacbon only of carbon and hydrogen; one of the three major
pollutants in the exhaust of SI engines (HC).
-Hydrocarbon
hợp chất xúc tác Zirconium oxide, used in enamels and ceramic
zirconium oxide coatings.
-Zirconia (ZrO2).
hộp cơ cấu lái The part of the steering system that is located at
the lower end of the steering shaft; changes the
rotary movement of the steering wheel into the
linear motion of the front wheels for steering.
-Steering box
hộp đen Crash recorder.
-Black box
hộp đèn It is also called lamp unit.
-Light unit
hộp đèn sau A deep-drawn panel spotwelded into the tail light
aperture to take the complete tail light cluster.
-Tail light box

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 753

 hộp điện bao gồm Box containing voltage regulators and cut-out:.
tiết chế và rơ-le -Control box

hộp điện tử điều Electronic automatic transmission control unit

khiển hộp số tự which computes data on the actuốcl operating
động conditions of the vehicle and generates
corresponding signal pulses for the solenoid
valve of the hydraulic control system; may also
exchange data with other electronic control units.
-Transmission Control Module (TCM)

hộp điều khiển General control unit of electronic ignition systems,

đánh lửa usually with current and dwell angle control, driver
and output stage, in some cases with electronic
spark timing functions.
-Ignition control unit

hộp điều khiển lửa Ignition control unit.

-Trigger box

hộp đựng đồ Small compartment in the dashboard for sundry

objects.
-Glove compartment or (US) glove box

hộp ECU Microprocessor and memory with electronic

maps, forming the central part of an engine
management system or of subsystems such as
a fuel injection or ignition system, which is also
called electronic control module (ECM).
-Electronic control unit

hộp ghi dữ liệu Electric device that measures the speed and
direction of a motor vehicle, as well as brake and
indicator activity.
-Crash recorder

hộp giảm thanh Silencer.

-Box

754 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hộp giới hạn tốc độ Engine speed limiter.
động cơ -Rev limiter
hợp kim Any metallic substance of various elements.
-Alloy
hợp kim chống ma Any of various (tin-based) alloys, such as Babbitt
sát metal, still occasionally used for bearings.
-White metal
hợp kim chống mài Alloy of tin, copper, antimony, and lead still
mòn occasionally used for bearing surfaces.
-Babbitt metal
hợp kim của đồng Nickel and copper alloy, used as resistance wire
và nikel or in thermocouples.
-Constantan
hợp kim hàn Alloy which is melted to form a joint between two
metal surfaces; typically, soft solders are alloys
of lead and tin, whilst hard solders are alloys of
copper and zinc.
-Solder
hợp kim kẽm Alloy whose main component is zinc.
-Zinc alloy
hợp kim nhôm Metal containing aluminium mixed with another
metal or metals.
-Aluminium alloy
hợp kim nhôm đúc Aluminium alloy made by pouring the molten
metal into a sand or metal mould.
-Cast aluminium
hộp la bàn Cluster of instruments and/or switches mounted
in a usually circular casing fixed on or near the
steering column.
-Binnacle

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 755

 hộp lái Steering box.
-Steering gearbox

hộp số Metal casing for the gear. In US English, it is gear

case or transmission.
-Gearbox

hộp số bốn tốc độ Gearbox with four forward speeds.

-Four-speed gearbox

hộp số năm tốc độ Gearbox with five forward speeds, the highest of
which usually functions more as an overdrive for
high-speed cruising.
-Five-speed gearbox

hộp số ba tốc độ A gearbox with three forward speeds; the usual

arrangement for automatic gearboxes.
-Three-speed gearbox or transmission

hộp số bán tự động Trade name for a semi-automatic transmission

developed by Citroen.
-CNG

hộp số bánh răng Constant-mesh gearbox with several planetary

hành tinh gear sets made up of an internally toothed outer
ring gear, several small intermediate pinions or
planet gears and a large externally toothed central
gear known as a sun wheel. In US English, it is
planetary transmission.
-Epicyclic gearbox

hộp số cài số bằng Obsolete type of gearbox in which the gears on

khớp trượt the layshaft are fixed to the shaft rigidly, whereas
the gears on the main shaft can slide on it by
means of splines but are otherwise in permanent
rotational mesh with the shaft.
-Sliding-mesh gearbox

756 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hộp sơ cấp cứu Box containing bandages, antiseptic ointment
and other basic medical requirements for treating
injuries.
-First aid kit
hộp số có sự chênh Gearbox in which there is relatively little difference
lệch tỉ số truyền between the gear ratios, so that fast changes
nhỏ can be made.
- Manual gearbox
hộp số giảm tốc Gearbox located at the wheels, which reduces
the drive speed and may also increase ground
clearance; often found on 4wd off-road vehicles.
-Reduction gearbox
hộp số hai cấp Dual range gearbox.
-High/ low range gearbox
hộp số hai chế độ Dual-range gearbox.
-Two-speed gearbox
hộp số hai tốc độ Gearbox in a four-wheel drive vehicle with two
sets of ratios, usually a higher set for road use
and a lower set for off-road use.
-Dual-range gearbox
hộp số không có bộ Gearbox without any synchromesh, thus requiring
đồng tốc double declutching.
-Crash gearbox
hộp số không qua Transmission layout in which the operator can
số trung gian select any ratio at any time without having to shift
through a number of ratios in a definite order.
-Selective or Selective transmission
hộp số kiểu luôn ăn Most commonly used transmission type in which
khớp forward gear pairs remain in mesh all the time, the
driving pair being engaged by a clutch mechanism
incorporating a hub and sleeve, today almost
invariably laid out as a synchromesh mechanism.
-Constant-mesh gearbox

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 757

 hộp số nhiều số When a car’s transmission system has higher
than usual gearing, to improve fuel economy.
-High-geared
hộp số phụ -Auxiliary gearbox
hộp số sang số (US) Transmission which can be used without
không cần đạp ly declutching or decelerating.
hợp hoặc giảm tốc -Powershift transmission
hộp số số tới xe Transmission in which it is necessary to pass
gắn máy through the gear ratios in a definite order; usage
today confined almost exclusively to motorcycles.
-Progressive transmission
hộp số thường Set of movable gears permitting the speed ratio
between input and output shafts to be changed
manually and at will.
-Manual gearbox or (US) manual
transmission.
hộp số tự động Gearbox in an automatic transmission system
which changes gear automatically.
-Automatic gearbox
hộp số tự động System or module for controlling automatic
điều khiển bằng transmission.
điện tử -Electronic transmission control
hộp số tự động vô Continuously variable transmission using rubber
cấp theo tốc độ và V-belts on expanding-contracting pulleys,
tải động cơ depending on engine speed and load; originally
developed by va Doorne for DAF and then used
on the Volvo 340.
-Variable belt transmission
hộp số vô cấp Transmission system in which the speed ratio of
driving and driven elements is infinitely variable
over the required working range, or is varied
over a very large of number fixed ratios, either
automatically or by manual control.
-Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT).

758 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 hộp số vô cấp qua Variable belt transmission.
đai truyền động -Variomatic transmission
hộp số Wilson An early pre-selector epicyclic gearbox still used
in buses. It was named after British inventor
Walter Gordon Wilson, 1874-1957.
-Wilson gearbox
hộp tự động Automatic gearbox.
-Slushbox
hộp vi sai Rotating metal frame that encloses the differential
side gears and pinion gears inside the axle casing.
-Differential cage
hư hỏng To cease to operate.
-Breakdown
hư hỏng phanh Complete failure of the brakes to function.
-Brake failure
hướng đi của xe Direction in which a vehicle is traveling.
-Direction of travel
hữu dụng Practically designed not for decoration but solely
with a particular use in mind.
-Functional
hydrocacbon thơm Fluid constituent of petrol: Benzen.
mạch vòng -Benzene
hydrocacbon trong Pollutant (basically petrol vapour) released
khí thải into the atmosphere as an exhaust gas, due to
incomplete combustion.
-Unburnt hydrocarbons
hydrocacbon lỏng Liquid hydrocarbon used to determine the octane
rating of fuels.
-Isooctane
IC đánh lửa Bridge igniter with detonator.
-Igniter

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 759

 Inch khối Unit of measure for the capacity of an engine
used in North America, equal to 16.387 cc.
-Cubic inch
inox Steel containing chromium for extra hardness an
rust resistance.
-Chrome steel
ion Electrically charged particle formed by losing
or gaining electrons; particles of this type make
a solution of certain chemicals a conductor of
electricity.
-Ion
kẽ bằng mũi nhọn To cut or scratch with a pointed instrument, e.g.
trên sơn để kiểm tra (in) a painted surface, for testing purposes or to
mark the position of a part.
-Scribe
kẻ trộm xe hơi Person who steals things from cars.
-Car burglar
kẽm Metallic element used in galvanizing metals, die-
casting, as a constituent in various alloys, as a
battery electrode, etc.
-Zinc
kem bảo vệ da Special cream recommended for use when working
on cars to reduce soiling of the hands and prevent
skin infections or allergic reactions when working
with substance such as oils, thinners, paints, etc.
-Barrier cream
kẽm được phủ A layer of zinc is applied by electrolysis.
bằng điện phân -Zinc is electrolytically deposited
kềm kẹp kim loại Lock-grip pliers with wide, flat jaws used to locate
sheet metal parts for welding or to bend small
sheet metal parts along the edges of the jaws.
Note that, when it is used for bending sheet metal,
it may also be referred to as bending pliers.
-Sheet metal clamp

760 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 kềm mở phe Special plies with jaw tips coming to point so that
they can engage in the eyes of the circlip in order
to expand it for removal.
-Circlip plies
kèn báo lùi xe (US) Reverse warning signal.
-Back up alarm
kèn hơi Motor horn in which a blast of compressed air
through a reed.
-Air horn
kéo (Vehicle) to deviate towards the side.
-Pull
kéo cắt kim loại Scissor-like hand tool for cutting sheet metal. It is
also called snips.
-Metal shears
kéo cắt lỗ Snips with pointed cutting blades for cutting holes
in sheet metal material.
-Hole cutting snips
kéo cắt thẳng Snips with cutting blades designed for straight
cuts on sheet metal material.
-Straight pattern snips
kéo cắt tôn Tool used to cut straight, circular and irregular
patterns in sheet metal material; available in
various designs for straight, left or right-hand cut.
-Snips
kéo chạy theo trớn To travel faster than the towing vehicle.
-Overrun
keo dán Contact glue that provides adhesion when two
coated surfaces are pressed together.
-Impact adhesive
keo dán hai mặt Adhesive consisting of two parts; one part being
applied to one face and the other part to the other
face and the two faces brought together to form
a joint.
-Separate-application adhesive

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 761

 keo làm roong lỏng Room Temperature Vulcanizing.
-RTV
kéo rơ moóc bằng To pull a trailer or caravan behide a vehicle by
móc kéo means of a towing hitch.
-Tow
keo silicon A silicon compound with high resistance to heat,
water and chemicals, and with good insulating
and lubricating properties; used in oils, polishes,
sealant, etc.
-Silicone
keo sử dụng trong Adhesive used in the manufacture of motor
sản xuất ô tô vehicles.
-Automotive adhesive
keo trét Special paste used for repairing minor panel
imperfections, e.g. chips or scratches on the filled
surface; it is used after normal filling and gives an
extremely smooth surface.
-Putty
kéo xe bằng dây To pull a disabled vehicle behind another vehicle
cáp hoặc thanh by means of a rope, cable or rigid bar.
cứng -Tow
kéo xe đi bởi cảnh To remove unauthorized (e.g. illegally parked)
sát vehicle, thus incurring a hefty fine for the owners.
-Tow away
kéo xe hư về sửa Towing or transporting broken-down vehicles to a
chữa garage for repair or the owner’s home.
-Breakdown recovery
kép Comprising two parts, which are often identical.
-Dual
kẹp cá sấu Crocodile clip.
-Alligator clip

762 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 kẹp cá sấu điện Spring clip with serrated jaws for making temporary
electrical connections, as on jump leads.
-Crocodile clip
kẹp giữ chân bộ Clamp which holds the distributor in position, and
chia điện which can be loosened in order to turn the distributor
relative to its shaft to adjust the ignition timing.
-Distributor clamp
kẹt bướm gió Clogged.
-Choked
kết cấu khung xe All structural parts of the car which contribute to
the rigidity of the body, both for unitary designs
and for cars with a separate chassis.
-Frame structure
kết cấu pít-tông Special piston profile used to achieve cross
động cơ hai kỳ scavenging in earlier two-stroke engines.
-Deflector
kết cấu thân xe nhẹ Simple form of lightweight bodywork in which a
waterproof, clothbacked material is stretched
over a wooden frame-work, popular around
1930s and still used at a later date by DKW and
even postwar by Lloyd.
-Fabric body
két nước Grating that admits cooling air to the radiator.
-Grille
kẹt phanh To stand on the brakes.
-To brake hard
kết thúc thời gian End of spark duration.
tia lửa -Spark breakaway
khả năng bám của Adhesive friction between the tyre and the road
bánh xe surface; gripping power.
-Traction

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 763

 khả năng bám ướt Road holding ability of a tyre on a wet surface.
của bánh xe -Wet grip
khả năng chạy tiếp The capability of a deflated tyre to operate
khi xì vỏ effectively, i.e. to permit further driving.
-Run-flat properties
khả năng chạy tốc Ability of an engine to go down to low speeds
độ thấp ở tay số in a high gear and pull away smoothly without
cao changing down, which is governed mainly by its
torque characteristics.
-Flexibility
khả năng chịu lực Resistance of a vehicle body structure to lateral
của khung impact.
-Lateral stiffness
khả năng chống ăn Ability of metals to withstand corrosion.
mòn -Corrosion resistance
khả năng chống lật Resistance of a vehicle body to rolling, which
depends on the stiffness of the suspension
springs and anti-roll bar.
-Roll resistance or roll stiffness
khả năng điều Ability to move, for example, a seat forwards and
chỉnh chạy tới backwards.
-Fore and aft adjustment
khả năng đúc được Capacity for being mould into a particular form.
-Mouldability
khả năng hoá khử ở Denotes the ability of a catalytic converter to purify
nhiệt độ thấp exhaust gases in the warm-up phase following a
cold start.
-Low temperature activity
khả năng khởi động Criterion for assessing the performance of
lạnh a battery based on its ability to supply the
considerable amount of current need to turn the
engine when cold.
-Cold cranking ability

764 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 khả năng leo dốc Performance when climbing steep gradient.
-Climbing ability
khả năng thay đổi Possibility of altering or correcting the position of
something; clearance or play.
-Adjustment
khả năng tự làm The ability of a sparking plug to burn off the
sạch của bu-gi deposits of carbon and oil which build up due to
tracking across the tip.
-Self-cleaning
khay đựng ắc quy Metal ledge supporting the battery, usually on the
side of the engine bay.
-Battery tray
khay xả dầu Container used to catch oil when draining the
sump, gearbox, etc.
-Draining tray
khe hở Gap between two parts.
-Clearance
khe hở bu-gi Sparking plug gap.
-Spark gap
khe hở bạc lót theo Bearing clearance in the radial direction.
hướng tâm -Radial play
khe hở điện cực Sparking plug gap.
bu-gi -Electrode gap
khe hở dọc bạc lót Bearing clearance in an axial direction.
-End play
khe hở dọc của trục Free lateral movement of the camshaft.
cam -Camshaft end play
khe hở giữa biên và Space between the bearing surface and its
bạc lót journal.
-Bearing clearance

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 765

 khe hở giữa cửa và Line between a closed door and the bodywork.
thân xe -Shut line
khe hở mép cửa Gaps all round the edge of the door.
-Door gap
khe hở miệng xéc- The gap between the piston ring ends with the
măng piston installed in the bore.
-Ring gap
khe hở ngang Spark gap of a surface gap sparking plug in which
the sparks glide over the insulator-filled gap. It is
opposite to spark air gap.
-Surface gap
khe hở nhiệt xú-páp The operating clearance between the rocker
arm and the valve stem tip in an overhead valve
engine.
-Valve clearance
khe hở vít lửa Points gap.
-Contact breaker gap
khe hở vòng Circular gap.
-Annular
khe hở xuyên tâm Radial play.
-Radial clearance
khí thiên nhiên nén Natural gas.
-Compressed natural gas
khí CFC Gaseous compounds used especially as
propellants for aerosol cans and in refrigerants.
-Chlorofluorocarbons.
khí cháy Gas which is the product of the combustion
process and which is passed out of the cylinder
through the exhaust valve or port into the exhaust
system.
-Exhaust gas

766 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 khí có mùi Evil-smelling vapours given off by a liquid or a
gas, which may be poisonous.
-Fumes
khí CO2 Colourless, odourless, non-toxic gas, a natural
constituent of the atmosphere and a product of
breathing and some combustion processes.
-Carbon dioxide (CO2)
khí động lực học Branch of dynamics dealing with the motion of
air and with the forces acting on bodies moving
through the air.
-Aerodynamics
khí động lực học Relating to the flow of air round a moving body.
thân xe -Aerodynamic
khí đốt thiên nhiên Alternative, environmentally friendly fuel
(mainly methane) which can be stored under
pressure in the boot as compressed natural
gas (CNG).
-Natural gas
khí nạp cho động Air intake for the engine and/or for cooling on
cơ ở giữa hoặc sau mid-engine or rear-engine cars; typically found on
xe sports cars such as the Ferrari range.
-Side scoop
khí nén Air at a higher than atmospheric pressure, used
to drive tools and machinery.
-Compressed air
khí nitơ ôxit General term for an unknown mixture of
nitrogen oxides, usually nitric oxide and
nitrogen dioxide.
-Nitrogen oxides
khí ôxi Gaseous element essential for life and the
combustion of fuel.
-Oxygen (O)

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 767

 khí ôzôn Strong oxidizing agent (often produced by
sparking from electrical apparatus, such as arc
welding equipment); particularly harmful to tyres.
-Ozone
khí phụ được thêm In some exhaust emission control systems, e.g.
vào khí thải thermal reactor or two-bed converter, secondary
(outside) air is added to the exhaust to ensure
sufficient supply of oxygen to promote oxidation
of HC and CO, thus converting these pollutants
into harmless water vapour and carbon dioxide.
-Secondary air
khí sót trong động The gases burnt during the previous firing cycle
cơ hai kỳ that remain in the combustion chamber of a two-
stroke engine after the charge changing process
has been completed and the ports have been
closed by the piston.
-Speed rating Spent gas.
khí thải Exhaust gas.
-Exhaust
khí thải chưa xử lí Exhaust gas upstream of any emission control
device, e.g. before it passes through a catalytic
converter.
-Raw exhaust gas
khí thải sót trong Exhaust gas remaining the cylinder of a two-stroke
xi-lanh engine after the exhaust ports have been closed,
i.e. these gases have not been scavenged.
-Residual exhaust gases
khí thiên nhiên hóa Methane, possible future alternative fuel for SI
lỏng engines.
-Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)
khí thiên nhiên nén Compresssed natural gas.
-CNG

768 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 khí xenon Colourless, odourless gas used in electric
luminescent tubes to provide a bright light: a
xenon stroboscope for ignition timing is strong
enough to use in daylight.
-Xenon

khía trên ốc để dễ Small ridges to provide a grip for fingers.

vặn -Knurl

khô Not wet (of bearing, etc.) lacking lubricant.

-Dry

khóa cần chọn số (Automatic gearbox) = selector lever lock.

tự động -Shift lock

khóa càng sang số (US) Device which prevents different shift forks in
the transmission from being moved at the same
time, by locking into the inoperative shift fork as
the other is being moved; a gearchange cannot
be made unless the inoperative shift fork is in its
neutral position.
-Shift interlock

khoá chống lấy cắp Any anti-theft device for expensive (alloy) wheels.
bánh xe -Wheel lock

khoá chống mở cửa Lock on rear doors which when activated prevents
sau the door from being opened from inside the car.
-Childproof lock

khóa chữ L L-shaped tool for turning.

-L-key

khóa cửa trung tâm Central door lock.

- Central locking

khóa đai an toàn Seat belt buckle.

- Seatbelt.

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 769

 khóa điều chỉnh Special spanner with a square cutout to fit over
phanh a square adjuster projecting from the brake
backplate.
-Brake adjusting spanner
khóa điều khiển từ Central locking operated by a remote control from
xa outside the car.
-Remote-control locking
khóa gài dây đai an Locking metal clasp of a seat belt.
toàn -Buckle
khóa mở lọc dầu Special automotive tool for the removal and
bôi trơn installation of oil filters; they come in a variety of
shapes, e.g. as strap wrenches, chain wrenches,
or special cup-style end cap oil filter wrenches.
-Oil filter wrench
khóa mở ốc chìm Recessed screws.
-Countersunk screw key
khóa tay lái Lock that stops the steering wheel being turned
when the ignition is switched fully.
-Steering lock
khóa trung tâm Key which operates all the locks of the car.
-Primary key
khoá vặn lọc dầu Oil filter wrench.
-Filter wrench
khóa vi sai A mechanism which eliminates the action of the
differential, so that both wheels can be driven for
better adhesion on slippery surfaces.
-Differential lock
khóa vòng US = ring spanner.
-Box wrench
khoác dây đai an To put on one’s seat belt.
toàn -Belt up

770 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 khoan lỗ To make (a hole) with a drill.
-Drill
khoan rộng thêm To enlarge (e.g. worn valve guides) with a reamer.
-Ream
khoảng cách dài Long distance.
-Long-haul
khoảng cách đo Distance measured in miles, as by a mileometer.
bằng dặm Anh -Mileage
khoảng cách gầm Ground clearance.
xe với mặt đất -Clearance height
khoảng cách giữa Steering geometry geometric parameter: ‘positive’
điểm cắt trục lái if the steering axis intersects the wheel plane at
or below ground level, ‘negative’ if the point of
intersection is above ground level.
-Scrub radius
khoảng cách giữa Distance between the centerlines of the front and
hai cầu xe rear wheels; for lorries with tandem rear axles,
the rear centreline is considered to be midway
between the two rear axles.
-Wheelbase
khoảng cách phanh The total amount of time (translated into distance)
a vehicle and driver need in which to come to a
halt; the shortest stopping distance is the reaction
(or thinking) distance (of the driver) added to the
braking distance (of the vehicle).
-Stopping distance
khoảng cách tâm The distance between the centre line of the rim
vành bánh xe với and the attachment face of the wheel disc at the
mặt gá lắp wheel hub; this dimension can either be positive,
negative, or zero.
-Offset.

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 771

 khoảng cách từ đầu Distance between the top of a passenger’s head
hành khách đến and the inside of the car roof.
trần xe -Headroom
khoảng cách từ tâm Distance between the outermost front or rear
bánh xe đến cản point of a vehicle and the wheel centres of the
respective axle.
-Overhang
khoảng cách từ tâm Distance between a vertical line through the
bánh xe đến điểm centre of the wheel and the centre of pressure
tiếp xúc of the tyre contact patch; most apparent during
cornering.
-Pneumatic trail
khoảng chết Excessive play in a mechanical system such as
gears or linkages, due to looseness or flexing.
-Backlash
khoang chứa đầy An enclosure than containing air or gas at a higher
pressure than exists outside.
-Plenum
khoang cửa xe Cavity enclosed by the door frame, door skin
and trim panel, containing the window winding
mechanism and into which the window glass is
lowered.
-Door well
khoảng dịch In a reciprocating engine, the distance between
chuyển pít-tông the highest and lowest points reached by the
piston.
-Stroke
khoảng dịch Free play.
chuyển tự do -Lash
khoảng đội của xú- The distance a valve is lifted from its seat by a
páp cam, usually about a quarter of the diameter of
the port.
-Valve lift

772 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 khoảng đội xú-páp Amount by which a poppet valve rises when
opened.
-Lift
khoang động cơ Area into which the engine is fitted.
-Engine compartment
khoang hành khách Passenger compartment.
-Cabin
khoảng hở bàn đạp The distance between the pedal and the floor,
when the pedal is fully depressed; reference
points may vary.
-Pedal clearance
khoảng sáng gầm Maximum height of a vehicle such that it can pass
xe under a bridge or similar obstruction.
-Clearance height
khoảng thời gian The time or mileage between services (e. g. 12
giữa hai lần bảo months or 10,000 miles, whichever should come
dưỡng sooner).
-Service interval
khoảng thời gian Period during the charging process of the engine
nạp that allows for the intake of the fresh charge into
the cylinder while the inlet control, i.e. the valve or
port, remains open.
-Induction period
khoảnh đất tập Large paved area, usually circular and with
trượt various circles painted on it, made deliberately
slippery so it may be used to practise controlling
skids, lateral acceleration tests, etc.
-Skid pan or US skid pad
khoen Circular opening or hole, such as that at then the
end of a leaf spring or that formed at the end of
a cable.
-Eye

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 773

 khoen dây nối Connector for electrical connections which is
attached to a wire and has its ring-shaped end
pushed on to a round post or threaded terminal.
-Eyelet connector
khối cao su trên vít (ignition) Small block of insulating material on the
lửa contact breaker lever.
-Rubbing block
khối cầu điều áp Pressurized, nitrogen-filled sphere used in
hydropneumatic suspension systems.
-Suspension sphere
khởi động To bring a part into operation.
-Actuation
khởi động bằng Method of starting a car with a flat battery, by
cách đẩy pushing it or letting it run down a hill and then
letting in the clutch in second gear.
-Bump start
khởi động bằng To start a car with a flat battery using jump leads
cách nối ắc quy to obtain a charge from a nearby live battery.
ngoài -Jump start
khởi động bằng Bump start.
trớn xe -Push start
khối động cơ Cylinder block with integral crankcase.
-Engine block
khối động cơ đầy The long block consists of the short block plus oil
đủ chi tiết pump and sump, cylinder head(s), camshaft(s) as
well as the complete valve train. It is opposite to
short block.
-Long block
khối động cơ gồm Engine block complete with crankshaft and piston
pít-tông assemblies but without external parts such as
head, sump, oil or fuel pump, etc.
-Short block

774 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 khối động cơ pít- Fully reconditioned engine but without external
tông parts such as head, sump, oil or fuel pump, etc.
-Short engine
khởi động khi động Starting a hot engine may be difficult if it has been
cơ nóng stopped for a few minutes; the accumulation of
petrol vapour in the air filter and inlet manifold,
caused by the rise in engine temperature when
left standing when hot, can be dissipated by
slowly pressing the accelerator right down and
turning the engine over until it fires. It is also
called hot starting.
-Hot start
khởi động lạnh Starting the engine from cold.
-Cold starting
khối lượng được The weight of those parts of the car that are
treo supported by the suspension system.
-Sprung mass or weight
khối lượng không The weight of those parts of the car which are
được treo not carried by the suspension system, but are
supported directly by the tyre and wheel assembly
and considered to move with it. It is opposite to
sprung mass/ weight.
-Unsprung mass or weight
khối lượng xe Weight of a vehicle with fuel, oil and coolant but
không người và without occupants, luggage or payload.
hành lý -Kerb weight
khói xả The visible product of combustion; a common
problem with diesel cars on starting or pulling
hard, caused by too much fuel (black smoke) or
oil (blue smoke).
-Smoke
khói xanh Exhaust smoke indicating too rich a mixture.
-Blue smoke

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 775

 khối xi-lanh Cast-iron or, less frequently, cast-alloy casing
containing the cylinders of an internal combustion
engine, with a water jacket if water-cooled or
cooling fins if air-cooled, and usually in one piece
with the crankcase.
-Cylinder block
không bị ảnh Unaffected by light.
hưởng bởi ánh -Light-fast
sáng
không cần bảo Requiring no work in order to be kept operational.
dưỡng -Mainternance-free
không cần dùng tay Hands-free.
-Handling (properties)
không chạy được Unable to move.
-Immobile
không cháy hỗn To fail to ignite properly (often resulting in a
hợp backfire).
-Misfire
không có đặc điểm Not having any marked characteristics.
rõ rệt -Neutral
không có đệm Without a seal.
-Glandless
không có khung Having no frame.
-Frameless
không có ruột xe Having no inner tube.
-Tubeless
không có vít lửa Having no contact breaker.
-Breakerless
không để khí đi qua Not allowing the passage of gas.
-Impervious to gases

776 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 không đối xứng Not having parts that correspond, not uniform
(especially in distribution).
-Asymmetric(al)

không gỉ Resistant to rust.

-Rustproof

không gian dưới Space below the piston available for pre-
pít-tông để nén ở compression of the incoming fresh charge of the
động cơ hai kỳ two-stroke engine.
-Dead space

không hoạt động do To fail as the result of a fuse blowing.

đứt cầu chì -Fuse

không hoạt động Being unable to be driven due to a breakdown or

được accident damage.
-Disabled

không khí Mixture of gases forming the atmosphere.

-Air

không khí bên Air outside and surrounding the vehicle.

ngoài -Ambient air

không khí tính bằng Mass Air Flow.

khối lượng -MAF

không tác dụng hóa Lacking a chemical action; property of the

học separators used between the plates of a battery.
-Inert.

không thấm chất Not capable of being permeated, especially by

lỏng fluids.
-Impermeable or impervious.

không tròn Not circular.

-Out of round

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 777

 khớp các-đăng Most of common tyre of a universal joint, in
which two yokes mounted on the two parts to be
coupled, usually a shaft and a driving or driven
member, are connected with pivots to the arm of
a cross-shaped piece.
-Cardan joint
khớp cầu Ball joint.
-Ball and socket (joint)
khớp đồng tốc Constant velocity joint.
-Homokinetic joint
khớp khuyên trục Part of the suspension system which carries a
bánh xe rear wheel hub on a front-wheel drive vehicle with
independent rear suspension.
-Hub carrier
khớp nối Part for joining two parts, especially shafts.
-Coupling
khớp nối các đăng A form of coupling between two rotating shafts
allowing freedom of movement in all directions;
general term for a family of universal joint designs
(UJ).
-Universal joint
khớp nối các-đăng Type of universal joint commonly used with prop
Hardy-Spicer shafts.
-Hardy-Spicer (universal) joint
khớp nối cao su Flexible coupling using pressurized rubber blocks.
-Rubber coupling
khớp nối cao su Typical flexible coupling, made of vulcanized
giảm chấn rubber, shaped like a doughnut.
-Rubber doughnut coupling
khớp nối có bi tròn Universal joint in which the rollers or balls can
hoặc bi đũa dịch move freely in an internally grooved cylinder.
chuyển tự do -Pot joint

778 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 khớp nối đồng tốc Universal joint in which the driven shaft rotates at
a constant speed regardless of the angle adopted,
given a constant input shaft speed.
-Constant velocity joint (CV joint)
khớp nối hai trục Kinged joint between two rods or tubes.
ống -Knuckle
khớp nối kiểu Torque-converting fluid coupling Foettinger.
Foetting -Foettinger coupling
khớp nối Layrub Universal joint using four moulded rubber inserts
mounted on a round steel plate.
-Layrub coupling
khớp nối mềm Flexible coupling made of rubber and shaped like
a ring doughnut, used for instance between the
front of the propeller shaft and the gearbox.
-Doughnut coupling or joint
khớp nối nhớt A type of multi-disc clutch used in some 4wd
vehicles (VC); the discs rotate in a special fluid
whose viscosity increases sharply whenever
there is a difference in input and output shaft
speeds; installed in the drive train between front
and rear axles, the VC smoothly engages rear-
wheel traction whenever the front wheels (and,
as a result, the propeller shaft to the VC) rotate
faster than rear wheels.
-Viscous coupling
khớp nối rơ moóc With trailer towing, steel tubing and channel
structure that accepts the ball-mount platform of
a removable trailer coupler.
-Receiver
khớp nối Rotoflex One design of a flexible coupling in the shape of
a hexagonal rubber ring.
-Rotoflex coupling

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 779

 khớp nối Rzeppa Constant velocity joint incorporating balls as
a means of torque transmission; (named after
Alfred Rzeppa, a Ford engineer).
-Rzeppa-type universal joint
khớp nối thủy lực Fluid coupling.
-Hydrodynamic clutch
khớp nối trượt In US English, which is sliding joint.
-Plunging joint
khớp nối tự lựa The swivel ball type universal joint is the most
common type for use with Impact sockets.
-Impact swivel ball universal joint
khớp nối vòng Coupling between two shafts formed of two disc-
khuyết shaped flanges on the ends of the shafts which
are bolted to one another.
-Flange joint
khử cacbon Decarbonizes.
-Decoke
khử tiếng ồn The reduction of noise by means of anti-noise
loudspeakers.
-Noise cancellation or reduction
khuếch đại To increase (power, charge, pressure, etc.),
amplify (an audio signal, etc.).
-Boost
khung Part providing support or reinforcement between
two or more components.
-Brace
khung chính Chassis based on a single central spine carrying
or containing the drive train, the body shell being
mounted on outriggers.
-Backbone chassis

780 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 khung cửa Opening into which the door fits.
-Door aperture
khung dập Panel produced with special press tools and dies,
as opposed to a hand-made panel.
-Pressed panel
khung để hành lý Luggage rack on the roof of a vehicle.
trên nóc xe -Roof rack
khung đèn Panel that encloses part or all of the headlamp or
taillight cutout and may extend across the width
of the car to include both cutouts; in the latter
case, it forms an additional panel to be joined to
the smaller front or rear valances.
-Lamp panel
khung đỡ bánh Trolley that supports the front wheels when a
trước disabled vehicle is being towed.
-Dolly
khung được treo Suspended below a supporting member, e.g. of a
thấp hơn cầu chassis suspended below the axles.
-Underslung
khung gá động cơ Separate frame in which the engine is mounted.
-Engine subframe
khung gầm loại The traditional body and frame design before the
tách rời introduction of unitary construction; the body was
lowered onto the chassis and bolted toit.
-Separate chassis
khung gầm ô tô Originally, and today still in heavy goods vehicles,
a separate structure consisting of a frame, springs
and axles forming the lower part of a vehicle, to
which the bodywork is fitted, but with modern
unitary construction there is no separate chassis
and the term is used to refer to the running gear,
i.e. suspension, including control arms, spring,
shock absorbers steering.
-Chassis

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 781

 khung gắn tableau Small fascia and/ or storage space between the
front seats in a car, which may serve as a support
for additional instruments.
-Console
khung giữ cửa Sheet metal panel spot-welded to the A post or
trước rear of the front wing that accommodates the
hinges for the front door.
-Hinge panel
khung hình chữ X Frame with it X-shaped bracing either a chassis
frame, or in a monocoque as strengthening for
the floor.
-Cruciform frame
khung nhôm Body shell made almost entirely of aluminium.
-All-aluminium body
khung nhựa Plastic moulding; e.g. interior trim of doors.
-Panel
khung nhựa gắn A plastic moulding; e.g. interior trim of doors.
tableau -Panelling
khung phủ chất xúc Catalyst-coated materials such as pellets or
tác ceramic in a catalytic converter.
-Catalyst charge
khung phụ gắn hệ Suspension layout absorbing noise and vibration,
thống treo in which all suspension elements are mounted on
an insulated, detachable suspension subframe.
-Suspension subframe
khung sườn chính A backbone chassis with a tubular central spine.
bằng ống -Tubular backbone frame
khung sườn xe Frame usually consisting of two longitudinal side
members joined by a member of cross-members,
to which the suspension and axles are attached,
in goods vehicles and formerly in cars.
-Chassis frame

782 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 khung thép Body shell made almost entirely of steel, as
opposed to a body with a wooden frame and
panels made of steel or aluminium.
-All-steel body
khung trước vô Structural panel with bracings across the width of
lăng để gắn các the car on the inside of the bulkhead below the
đồng hồ windscreen that provides the mounting locations
of the dashboard.
-Dash panel
khung xe Structure which is open in the centre, especially a
general term referring to the underbody backbone
of the car, both for unitary or separate chassis
designs.
-Frame
khung xe bằng ống Frame construction that features members of
ráp lại tubular cross section; often used for racing cars,
as this layout allows for weight-saving design with
the used of aluminium.
-Tubular frame
khung xe bị lệch do General term referring to all types of frame
tai nạn damage caused by accidents.
-Misalignment
khung xe đặc biệt A body not supplied by the car manufacturer
or by an approved body supplier in the case of
manufacturers that do not build their own bodies,
but rather by an independent coachbuilder who
produces a body different from the standard body.
-Special body
khung xe dạng chữ A frame design shaped like an elongated letter X that
X narrows to a strong junction at the centre section; it
usually has three or more crossmembers to provide
torsional stability but there are no crossmembers in
the centre section of the vehicle.
-X-type frame

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 783

 khung xe dưới trục Frame design of the pre-war era whose
characteristic feature is that the frame members
run below the axles.
-Underslung frame
khung xe hình cái Chassis layout in which the side members are
thang connected at intervals by cross members, like a
ladder; common on coachbuilt designs, obsolete
in modern unitary construction designs.
-Ladder chassis or (US) ladder frame
khung xe hình chữ A-shape chassis frame, typically of a trailer or
A caravan.
-A-frame
khung xe phía sau Back chassis.
-Punt chassis
khung xe thể thao Type of strong, steel chassis construction used
for sports cars.
-Space frame
khuôn Hollow form used to give a certain shape to fluid
or plastic material.
-Mould or (US) mold
khuôn đúc Metal mould for casting.
-Die
khuyết thiếu Fault in a system or flaw in materials or a finish.
-Defect
khuynh hướng hút Tending to absorb moisture.
ẩm -Hygroscopic
khuynh hướng Tendency of a long rotating shaft to bend at high
võng xuống của speed, like a bow or whip.
trục -Whipping or whirling

784 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 kích cỡ niềng Comprises the rim width and rim diameter and is
measured in inches.
-Rim size
kích nâng bằng cần Lever-type tower jack.
-Jib-jack
kích xe ô tô To raise using a jack.
-Jack up
kiểm soát khí thải Reduction of all types of emission from motor
vehicles.
-Emission control
kiểm soát sự ăn Minimizing corrosion by coating with a protective
mòn metal, an oxide, or similar substance, or with
a protective paint, or by rendering the metal
passive.
-Corrosion control or prevention or
protection
kiểm soát tiếng ồn Anti-noise system.
-Active noise control
kiểm tra To inspect (something) to see whether it is all
right.
-Check
kiểm tra biến mô Short-time (5 seconds) full throttle operation with
the vehicle brakes fully applied and the selector
lever in ‘D’ position; the test results in an engine
speed (stall speed) that indicates the performance
of the fluid converter.
-Stall test
kiểm tra bo mạch in Test of the printer circuit board.
-Board test
kiểm tra bu-gi Take the sparking plugs out and see whether they
are in good condition, if not fit new ones.
-Check the plugs, and replace if necessary

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 785

 kiểm tra chất lượng Test of a part or assembly for acceptable quality.
chi tiết -Acceptance test
kiểm tra chi tiết Either a (less thorough) visual inspection or an
bằng các thiết bị examination by means of optical instruments.
quang học -Optical check
kiểm tra động cơ Stationary test, esp. of an engine, in which it is
trên băng thử mounted in a test bed and run for a period of time
;checks being made with the aid of instruments
on e.g. power output, fuel consumption and
emission levels.
-Bench test
kiểm tra dòng Specification for assessing battery starting
phóng của ắc quy behaviour at low temperatures and under given
conditions; indicated in amps on the battery case.
-Test current for low temperatures
kiểm tra hàm lượng The second is to test the coolant for the strength
chất chống đông of antifreeze.
trong nước -Hydrometer
kiểm tra hiệu quả Test of braking efficiency, typically as part of a
phanh roadworthiness test.
-Brake test
kiểm tra khả năng Corrosion test by means of which the corrosion
ăn mòn của vật liệu resistance of a material is tested in the open air.
-Natural weathering
kiểm tra khe hở đầu Check the gap between big-end and crankpin.
to thanh truyền -Check the connecting rod for big-end
bearing clearance
kiểm tra khe hở dọc Check if there is any sideways movement in the
bạc lót đầu to thanh big end.
truyền -Check the big-end bearing for end play
kiểm tra không phá Non-Destructive Testing.
hủy -NDT

786 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 kiểm tra mực dầu An engine oil level check=looking at the dipstick
động cơ to see if there is enough oil in the sump.
- Oil check
kiểm tra mực dung Check the level of the battery acid in the battery
dịch ắc quy cells and add distilled water to restore the level if
needed.
-Check the battery and top up if necessary
kiểm tra nồng độ Test given by the police to find out how much
cồn alcohol a driver has drunk.
-Breathalyser or breathalyzer test
kiểm tra nồng độ To give a breathalyser test.
cồn qua hơi thở -Breathalyse
kiểm tra sự lăn Serves to test-drive train functions; may include
separate tests for front and rear axle, left-and
right-hand sides, noise test; typical duration is
two minutes.
-Roll test
kiểm tra sức nén Turn the engine and check that adequate
động cơ resistance is felt when its piston reaches the top
of its compression stroke; alternatively use a
compression tester.
-Check the compression of an engine
kiểm tra xe bằng A test to check that a car is roadworthy after
cách chạy thử repair.
-Road test
kiểm tra xe hàng Annual road worthiness test for all vehicles over
năm two years old, undertaken by a garage approved
by the (currently named) Department of Transport.
-MOT test
kiểm tra xe trên Road test.
đường trường -Car test

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 787

 kiểu Depending on the type of tyre, rim types differ
according to the rim profile and the number of rim
parts.
-RIM type
kiểu bố trí điện cực The arrangement of electrodes in a parking plug.
bu-gi -Gap style
kiểu dao động của Oscilloscope pattern of the secondary circuit.
mạch điện thứ cấp -Secondary pattern
kiểu lái xe tiết kiệm Used to describe a mode of driving which
nhiên liệu uses gentle pressure on the accelerator, thus
maximizing fuel economy.
-Light-footed
kiểu sang trọng GL model = more luxurious model than a standard.
hơn loại tiêu chuẩn -Grand Luxe
kiểu trục khuỷu Crankshaft layout whereby the axes of the
crankshaft and the piston pin do not intersect.
-Offset crankshaft
kiểu xe năm cửa Hatchback version with two doors either side and
a rear tailgate.
-Five-door version
kiểu xe cao cấp The most powerful and expensive model in a
nhất trong một particular manufacture’s range.
dòng xe -Top-of-the-range model
kiểu xe GT với hệ Grand Touring-injection: a GT model with fuel
thống phun nhiên injection.
liệu -GTI
kiểu xe hạng nhất Prestige model, the top model of a manufacturer’s
range.
-Flagship model
kiểu xe sang trọng Comfort luxe, denoting a model more luxurious
than ‘L’ but not as grand as ‘GL’.
-CL

788 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 kiểu xe tiện nghi thể A new kind of recreational vehicle; combines
thao features of buggies, off-road 4wd vehicles, and
stylish sports cars for a ‘life-style-conscious’ market
segment; first launched in the USA in 1990.
-Sport utility car
kìm bấm Locking pliers.
-Grip wrench
kìm bấm lỗ Pliers for punching small holes, with a round stud
in one jaw and a hole in the other.
-Eyelet pliers
kìm bóp dây Tool in the form of pliers with serrated jaws
especially for creating electrical connections.
-Crimping pliers or tool
kìm bóp ống két Special automotive tool for removing and installing
nước radiator and heater hose; round and toothed jaws
securely grip the hose whilts the handles provide
leverage to twist the hose free.
-Radiator hose shark tooth pliers
kìm cắt Multi-purpose electricians’ pliers for cutting and
stripping wire and crimping insulated or non-
insulated solderless terminals when servicing the
electrical system.
-Wire stripper/ crimper tool
kìm cắt cộng lực Diagonal cutting pliers with a special joint and
handle design for extra cutting power.
-Heavy-duty diagonal cutting pliers.End
cutting pliers with a special joint and handle
design for extra cutting power.
-Heavy-duty end cutting pliers.
kìm cắt tuốt dây Small pincers with sharp jaws for cutting and
stripping wires, etc..
-End cutters.

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 789

 kìm có răng Gripping tool with two hinged arms and serrated
jaws.
-Pliers.
kìm có răng khóa Locking pliers with specially shaped jaws for vice
work and intricate clamping jobs.
-Locking clamp
kìm đa năng Typical general purpose pliers with serrated jaws,
an oval recess and a wire cutter, in the USA they
also have a slip joint so that the jaws can be
opened wider.
-Combination pliers
kim đồng hồ Indicator or pointer on an instrument or gauge.
-Needle
kim ga Tapered, needle-shaped pin in a carburettor jet.
-Needle
kìm khoá Locking pliers.
-Mole grips or mole wrench
kìm khóa miệng Locking pliers with parallel action jaws, e.g.
song song for pinching off hoses when servicing cooling
systems.
-Parallel action locking pliers
kìm lắp chêm xú- Special automotive tool for removal and
páp installation of valve shims.
-Valve shim pliers.
kìm lắp phốt xú-páp Special pliers for removing valve stem seals on
overhead camshaft engines.
-Valve stem seal pliers
kim lỗ tia Tapered needle in a carburettor jet.
-Jet needle

790 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 kim loại bạch kim Generic term for a family of noble metals
found with and resembling platinum; including
ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium,
and platinum; used as catalysts in catalytic
converters; less than a tenth of a troy ounce
is required per converter to produce acres of
catalytically active catalyst surface.
-Platinum metals
kim loại kí hiệu In Metallic element.
-Indium
kim loại màu Metal that is not based on iron; includes
aluminium, copper, magnesium, etc.
-Non-ferrous metal
kim loại quý Precious metal (such as gold, silver, mercury,
platinum) which conducts electricity very well,
resists corrosion and is inert; some are used as
catalysts in catalytic converters.
-Noble metal
kim loại vụn Waste metal.
-Scrap
kìm mỏ bằng Most common type of pliers in which the ends of
the jaws are cut off short.
-Flat-nose(d) pliers
kìm mỏ cong Pliers with flat smooth jaws used to hold sheet
metal in place, e.g. for welding.
-Bending pliers
kìm mỏ dài Pliers with half round and tapered jaws, often with
a wire cutter and used for electrical work. It is also
called snipe-nose pliers.
-Long-nose pliers
kìm mỏ nhọn Long-nose pliers.
-Needle-nose pliers.

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 791

 kìm mở ống nước Special tool to pinch off hoses when servicing
the cooling system; pivoting jaws squeeze hoses
shut so there is no need to drain the system.
-Hose pinch off pliers
kìm mở phe Tool for removing and installing heavy-duty
circlips, e.g. used on brakes, transmissions,
pedal shafts, and clutch shafts.
-Lock ring pliers
kìm mở phe bên Special pliers with pointed jaw tips for the
trong installation and removal of internal circlips.
-Internal circlip pliers
kìm mỏ tự hãm Locking pliers with extra long reach jaws.
-Long-nose self-grip pliers
kìm mũi vuông Pliers with jaws having a right-angle bend, e.g. for
gripping items in a recess, etc.
-Angle-nose pliers
kìm nhổ đinh Drift punch.
-Nail punch
kim phao Needle in the needle valve which rises with the
float and shuts off the fuel supply when it reaches
its seat.
-Float needle
kim phun Injector in a fuel injection system which sprays
petrol into the inlet ports, or diesel either directly
into the combustion chamber or into a pre-
chamber.
-Fuel injector
kim phun diesel Pintle-type diesel fuel injector nozzle with a hold
in the side through which a very small amount of
fuel is sprayed when the needle valve is partly
opened at low pressure, before the main hole
comes into use.
-Pintaux nozzle

792 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 kim phun khởi động Device in fuel injection systems which injects
lạnh additional fuel during starter operation when the
engine is cold, working in much the same way as
a choke on a carburettor.
-Cold start injector

kìm răng bị khóa Pliers with locking jaws.

-Locking pliers

kìm tháo lắp chêm Valve shim pliers.

xú-páp -Shim pliers

kìm tháo lắp kẹp Special tool used to remove and install hose clips.
ống -Hose clip pliers

kìm tháo lắp lò xo Pliers-type tool with two expanding jaws, used to
xú-páp lift and compress valve springs for removal and
replacement.
-Valve spring lifter

kìm tháo lắp nắp Pliers-like tool with specially shaped jaws to
chụp bu-gi securely grip sparking plug boots for removal
and installation, and insulated handles for
shockproof grip.
-Sparking plug pliers

kìm tháo xéc-măng Piston ring pliers.

-Ring expander

kìm tuốt dây điện Pliers used for removing insulating material from
the end of electrical wire.
-Wire stripper

kìm tuốt dây điện tự Wire stripper that automatically adjusts to the
động size of the wire to be stripped and removes the
insulation without damaging the wires inside.
-Automatic wire stripper

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 793

 kính an toàn có Sandwich-type construction of two or more panes
nhiều lớp of glass laminated together with an extremely
tough, crystal-clear plastic film; on severe impact,
laminated glass will crack, but not shatter like
ordinary glass, nor craze over like toughened glass.
-Laminated glass
kính bảo hộ Protective spectacles against dust and glare.
-Goggles
kính bảo hộ khi hàn Close fitting glasses or mask to protect the eyes
(e.g. during welding).
-Safety goggles
kính chắn gió xe Forward-facing front window of a motor vehicle.
hơi -Windscreen
kính chiếu hậu Rear-view mirror either in the interior of the car or
mounted on the outside of the front doors.
-Driving mirror
kính chiếu hậu bên Mirror attached to the outside of the vehicle,
ngoài xe typically on the driver’s or the passenger’s door.
-External mirror
kính chiếu hậu đặt Rear-view mirror mounted on the wing; once
trên ca-pô common but now replaced by door mirrors.
-Wing mirror
kính chiếu hậu External mirror.
ngoài -Exterior mirror
kính chống chói đã Glass that has been specially coloured to reduce
phủ màu glare from the sun.
-Tinted glass.
kính cửa A glass pane filling the top half of a door, which
can be lowered and raised.
-Door glass

794 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 kính cứng nhiều lớp Windscreen made of toughened glass which,
on impact, will not shatter like ordinary glass
but fractures into small pieces and crazes over;
laminated glass is nowadays the preferred
material.
-Toughened windscreen
kính điện Power Window.
-PW
kính ép Laminated glass.
-Compound glass
kính khuếch tán ở Glass or plastic front cover of a headlight through
đèn đầu which the light converges or diverges.
-Lens
kính phía sau Central window at the rear of a vehicle. In US
English, it is backlight.
-Rear window
kính phía sau có Rear window fitted with a heating element that
xông demists inside and deices outside.
-Heated rear window
kính quay tay Window that is manually operated with a winder.
-Wind-up window
kính trước chắn gió Forward-facing front window of a motor vehicle.
xe hơi -Windshield
kính trước có dải Tinsted stripe at the upper edge of the windscreen.
màu phía trên -Top tints
kính trước có xông Windscreen fitted with a heating element to
facilitate deicing.
-Heated windscreen
kính trước được Windscreen made with laminated glass.
ép từ nhiều miếng -Laminated windscreen
mỏng

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 795

 kính xe Windows and windscreen of a car.
-Body glass
kính xe nhìn được A windscreen style popular in the 1950s and
bao quát 1960s that featured recessed screen pillars,
giving a wide, unobstructed view of the road;
entry for the front passengers was awkward,
since the screen pillar corners projected into the
door opening.
-Panoramic windscreen
kíp nổ túi khí Device for detonation the air bag.
-Bridge igniter
kỳ đi lên Up-stroke.
-Ascending stroke
ký hiệu chỉ loại xe Special or Sport, indicating better performance
đặc biệt hoặc thể than a standard car model.
thao -S
ký hiệu cực ra của Mark on the output (live) terminal on a dynamo.
máy phát -D
ký hiệu cường độ Ampere.
dòng điện -Amp
ký hiệu kiểu xe tốt Grand Touring or Gran Turismo, indicating better
hơn loại tiêu chuẩn performance than a standard car model.
-GT
ký hiệu loại bu-gi Sparking plug designation indicating seat and
thread type, version, heat range code number,
reach, spark position, and electrode material.
-Type designation or symbol
ký hiệu màu dây Finished in different colours to aid recognition.
-Colour-coded

796 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 ký hiệu phân loại Classification of sandpapers by fineness of the
giấy nhám grit particles.
-Grit number
kỳ nạp Induction stroke.
-Inlet stroke
kỹ sư thiết kế Designer responsible for mechanical parts.
-Design engineer.
kỹ thuật công nghệ The design and construction of motor vehicles.
ô tô -Automotive engineering technology
kỹ thuật đo điện trở Measuring the conductivity in the spark gap in order
khe hở bu-gi to select a sparking plug of the correct heat range.
-Ionic current measuring method or
technique
kỹ thuật hàn Joining pieces of metal or plastic together by
heating them to suitable temperatures, with or
without the application of filler material.
-Welding
kỹ thuật hàn bấm A fusion welding method using electric current
and pressure; includes spot, seam, projection,
and butt welding.
-Resistance welding
kỹ thuật hàn chất A uniting of thermo-plastic, i.e. non-setting
dẻo plastics of similar or different type using heat
and pressure and with or without the addition of
plastic of a similar kind (filler material).
-Plastic welding
kỹ thuật hàn điểm Type of resistance welding in which two pieces
of metal are joined at a series of points (spots)
by means of heat (usually electrically generated)
and pressure; the most important welding method
in auto body construction.
-Spot welding

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 797

 kỹ thuật hàn gió đá Welding process widely used in body repair shops
(now being gradually replaced by MIG welding),
also called oxy-acetylene welding.
-Gas welding
kỹ thuật hàn ma sát Welding process in which two surfaces are
heated by means of friction; when melting has
occurred at the interface, pressure is maintained
to consolidate the weld during cooling of the
material.
-Friction welding
kỹ thuật hàn MIG welding method in which the electric current is
provided by the filler metal wire which is cooled
and shielded from the access of air by a stream
of chemically inert gas, thus preventing oxidation
of the joint.
-MIG welding
kỹ thuật hàn nóng Welding process in which the parts to be
chảy welded are pressed against a heated plate and
subsequently pressed together to produce a
fusion weld.
-Heated tool welding
kỹ thuật hàn siêu A high-tech welding procedure used for metals
âm (e. g. in wire bonding of integrated circuits) and
plastics.
-Ultrasonic welding
kỹ thuật hàn TIG An inert are welding method using a tungsten
electrode.
-TIG welding
kỹ thuật làm đồng Body repair technique used to repair locally
thân stretched areas by using heat or special body
hammers.
-Shrinking

798 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 kỹ thuật lồng chất Technique of permanently joining plastics and
khác vào nhựa other materials, e.g. embedding steel clips in a
moulded plastic cover.
-Insert
kỹ thuật mạ điện Electroplating.
-Electrolytic deposition
kỹ thuật sơn chữ Paint spraying technique in which consecutive
thập coats are sprayed at right angles to one another.
-Cross coat
kỹ thuật tạo lớp vỏ Processing technique applied to produce PVC
nhựa trên chi tiết skins.
-Powder slush moulding
kỹ thuật với sự hỗ Computer-Aided Engineering.
trợ máy tính -CAE
kỹ thuật xử lý chất Processing technique for the production of large
dẻo foamed (automotive) components, based on the
simultaneous injection of the liquid components
and the chemical reaction in the mould.
-Reaction injection moulding (RIM)
ký tự chỉ tốc độ tối Letter on the sidewall of type denoting the
đa cho phép maximum speed for which it is designed (190
km/h or 118 mph).
-L
ký tự trên cạnh vỏ Letter on the sidewall of a tyre denoting the
xe chỉ tốc độ tối đa maximum speed for which it is designed (170
km/h or 105 mph).
-R
ký tự trên đồng hồ Letter on a fuel gauge indicating low fuel;
chỉ mực nhiên liệu when first illuminated it indicates that there are
approximately five liters left in reserve.
-EF

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 799

 ký tự trên lốp xe chỉ Letter on the sidewall of a tyre denoting the
tốc độ tối đa maximum speed for which it is designed (over
210 km/h or over 130 mph).
-V
ký tự trên vỏ xe Letter on the sidewall of a tyre denoting the
chỉ tốc độ tối đa maximum speed for which it is designed (150km/h
150km/h or 95mph).
-P
ký tự trên vỏ xe chỉ Letter on the sidewall of a tyre denoting the
tốc độ tối đa 160 maximum speed for which it is designed (160
km/h km/h or 100 mph).
-Q
ký tự trên vỏ xe chỉ Letter on the sidewall of a tyre denoting the
tốc độ tối đa 180 maximum speed for which it is designed (180
km/h km/h or 113 mph).
-S
ký tự trên vỏ xe chỉ The maximum driving speed for which a tyre
tốc độ tối đa cho is designed, indicated by a letter in the tyre
phép designation on the sidewall.
-Speed rating
la bàn Instrument with a magnetized needle which
always point to the magnetic north.
-Compass display
lá cỡ rời Metal strip of a specific thickness from which
single feeler blades can be cut, appropriate when
frequent measuring is required, to avoid using
worn blades.
-Feeler strip
lá cỡ đo khe hở Blade or wire-type feeler gauge used to check
cảm biến điện từ gaps on ignition systems, such as air gaps
between permanent magnet and trigger wheel on
electric ignitions.
-Ignition gauge

800 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 lá nhíp dạng đường Leaf spring tapered in the shape of a parabola.
parabol -Parabolic spring
lá nhíp dạng một Cantilevered half of a semi-elliptic leaf spring,
phần tư elip rigidly attached to a vehicle at its major section
and carrying the axle at its end section.
-Quarter-elliptic leaf spring
lá nhíp hình bán Leaf spring with a camber in the form of one half
elip of an ellipse.
-Semi-elliptic leaf spring
lá nhíp nằm ngang Usually a semi-elliptic leaf spring mounted across
the car for either front or rear suspension, with
radius arms being necessary to locate the axle.
-Transverse leaf spring
lá nhíp phụ Helper leaf (in a leaf spring).
-Auxiliary leaf
lái có trợ lực liên Linkage power steering.
kết bằng thanh lái -Offset power steering.
lái lùi lại To drive backwards. In US English, it is to back up
-Reverse
lái trục nghiêng Steering Axis Inclination.
-SAI
lái xe To control and guide (a vehicle).
-Drive
lái xe ở trung tâm In US English, it is urban driving.
đô thị -Metro driving
làm ấm động cơ khi To run an engine until it reaches normal operating
động cơ còn nguội temperature.
-Warm up
làm ăn khớp To come into contact and be locked together (with
another part).
-Engage

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 801

 làm ăn mòn To cause corrosion in.
-Corrode
làm bay hơi To turn into a vapour.
-Evaporate
làm bóng bằng sáp To treat with wax.
-Wax
làm bong vùng sơn To cause damage to (paintwork) in the form of
nhỏ small pits.
-Chip
làm chậm phản ứng To reduce the reactivity of a chemically active
ăn mòn metal surface by electrochemical polarization or
by immersion in a passivating solution.
-Passivate
làm cho ăn khớp To engage, which is opposite to disengage.
-Mesh
làm cho bốc hơi To turn into vapour.
-Vaporize
làm cho cứng To harden.
-Set
làm cho dẻo To soften a material to make it plastic or mouldable
by heating, kneading, or adding a plasticizer.
-Plasticize
làm cho mạnh Made stronger, e.g. for heavy loads.
-Beefed up.
làm cho thông hơi To expel through a vent; e.g when bleeding air
(through a vent valve or bleed screw) out of a
diesel fuel system after running out of fuel.
-Ventilate
làm cho vừa khít Made to fit on a specific side.
-Handed

802 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 làm cho xe không To make immobile.
chạy được -Immobilize
làm chói mắt To shine too brightly; to dazzle.
-Glare
làm chống gỉ Making resistant to rust.
-Rustproofing
làm chuyển hướng To make (air, a liquid, traffic, etc.) follow a different
course.
-Divert
làm cong vênh To bend or twist out of shape.
-Warp
làm cứng thép bằng Hardened by the addition of chromium.
cách thêm crôm -Chrome-hardened
làm cứng và chống Special type of anodizing adapted to the
mòn bằng cách oxít production of thick, hard, abrasion resistant films.
hóa a-nốt -Hard anodizing
làm đồng tốc To make two things happen at the same time, or
to move at the same speed.
-Synchronize
làm đồng xe Metalworking technique that includes gas welding,
preferable without the use of filler rod, followed
by hammer and dolly work on the welded joint to
smooth out any remaining imperfections.
-Hammer welding
làm gãy To break, burst or split.
-Rupture
làm giảm dao động To reduce the oscillations of (a spring, carburetor
piston, etc.) or the vibration in (a crankshaft, etc.).
-Damp
làm giàu hoà khí khi Position of a richer mixture for starting the enginel.
khởi động -Cranking enrichment

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 803

 làm hỏng To do (a piece of work) very badly.
-Botch
làm hư ren To tear off or break the thread from a screw, bolt,
etc. or the teeth from a gear.
-Strip
làm hư sơn do đá Damage to paintwork in the form of small pits
văng caused by stones being thrown against it.
-Chipping
làm khô lớp sơn To dry a coat of paint in heat.
bằng nhiệt -Stove
làm khuôn To shape in a mould.
-Mould or (US) mold
làm lại bệ xú-páp To recut a valve seat after repeated grinding-in
mới has worn it out of shape.
-Reseat
làm lệch màu sơn To alter the colour of (a finish, metal, etc.) to a
colour which is not wanted.
-Discolour
làm mát bằng khí Cooled by a current of air as opposed to water,
etc..
-Air-cooled
làm mát bằng nước Cooled by the passage of water or oil. It is
hoặc nhớt opposite to air-cooled.
-Liquid-cooled
làm mờ To lose (the) shine.
-Go dull or flat
làm nghiêng To slope.
-Incline
làm nhẵn To add a fairing to a body.
-Fair

804 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 làm nhấp nháy To use one’s direction indicator.
-Flash

làm nóng Start the engine and allow it to idle for 5 minutes.
-Warm up

làm ổn định To make or keep stable.

-Stabilize

làm ôxi hóa To (cause to) combine with oxygen.

-Oxidize

làm phẳng thân xe To work on a panel to remove irregularities with

the use of hammer and dolly or by filling and
sanding, etc.
- Level out

làm quá nhiệt To make or become too hot.

-Overheat

làm quay To control and guide (a vehicle) to make (a wheel,

shaft, etc.) turn or rotate; to propel (a vehicle).
-Drive

làm sạch bằng cách To clean out (the engine, gearbox, radiator, etc.)
phun chất lỏng by running a special liquid through it.
-Flush-mounted speaker

làm sạch bằng hơi To clean the engine with a high-pressure jet of
nước steam.
-Steam clean

làm sạch bằng The most popular sandblasting process; grit is

phun cát used to clean the metal surfaces and is available
in various grades for coarse or finer blasting on
thin steel cleaning the sparking plug electrodes
by bombarding them with abrasive particles.
-Grip blasting

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 805

 làm sạch gỉ Removal of oxide or mill scale from the surface
of a metal by immersion, usually in an acidic or
alkaline solution.
-Pickling

làm sạch lớp sơn Top coat of base and clear systems.
ngoài -Clear coat or lacquer

làm sạch muội than To remove carbon deposit from the piston top and
combustion chambers of an engine.
-Decarbonize

làm sôi To bubble and change the party to vapor due to

heat, side of engine coolant and colloquially of a
car or its engine, also of brake fluid.
-Boil

làm tắc nghẽn To become obstructed with debris, sludge or

other matter.
-Clog

làm tan băng To remove ice from the from of an windscreen or

rear window.
-De-ice

làm tăng đường To bore and stroke an engine.

kính và khoảng -Bore
chạy của pít-tông

làm thay đổi theo ý To alter a car to suit the requirements and tastes
chủ xe of the owner, especially as regards appearance.
-Customize

làm thụt vào To cause a dent in (a body panel, etc.).

-To hammer out a dent

làm từ hạt nhỏ mịn Made of very small particles.

-Fine

806 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 làm việc dưới áp Working under pressure.
suất -Pressurized
làn đường dành Separate lane for heavy lorries and other slow-
cho xe chạy chậm moving vehicles on a hill.
-Crawler lane
làn xe Track on a road, defining lines of traffic.
-Lane
làn xe cao tốc Outside lane on a motorway used by fast-moving
traffic for over-taking.
-Fast lane
lắng xuống của To sink to the bottom (of a liquid).
chất lỏng -Settle
lắp chi tiết này vào To bring a part close to or in contact with another,
chi tiết khác ready to fit the pieces together.
-Offer up
lắp đặt To put something in position ready for use.
-Install
lắp nóng hoặc lạnh To achieve an extremely close fit, by either
expanding the external part by heating, or
contracting the internal part by cooling, so that
when the parts return to normal temperature they
fit tightly together.
-Shrink-fit
lắp ráp To put together or build up (something) from a
number of parts.
- Combine
lắp sai Inaccurately made or incorrectly adjusted, e.g. of
a wheel with side -to-side deviation or wobble.
-Out of true
lắp vào To fix or put into place.
-Fit

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 807

 lề đường Kerb.
-Curb
lệ phí cầu đường Money charged for the use of a road or bridge.
-Toll
lệch tâm Amounted off-centre.
-Eccentric
lì máy Having difficulty in turning. In US English, it is
lugging.
-Labouring
liên kết To join by means of an adhesive.
-Bond
liên quan đến dòng Concerned with an electrical current.
điện -Galvanic
lỗ Defect which is either inherent in the vehicle as
built (manufacturing fault) or which occurs during.
-Fault
lỗ bù Small hole in the wall of the tandem master
cylinder with connect the brake fluid reservoir to
the pressure chamber.
-Compensation port
lỗ cắm dây phin Sockets on the distributor cap for connecting the
trên nắp delco ignition cables.
-Terminal tower
lỗ cắm điện Any recess formed for the purpose of receiving a
spigot or other part, especially one into which an
electrical connector may be inserted.
-Socket
lỗ châm nhớt Hole through which oil is poured into the engine
(usually situated on top of the rocker cover).
-Oil filler hole

808 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 lỗ cung cấp trong Port in the master cylinder body which connects
xi-lanh cái hệ thống the fluid reservoir to the annulus of the primary
phanh piston.
-Replenishing port
lỗ dẫn hướng Hole which acts as a guide when drilling a larger
hole or for a self-tapping screw.
-Pilot hole
lỗ đầu nhíp Cylindrical hole formed by bending the end of a
leaf spring round, for attachment to the vehicle.
-Spring eye
lỗ định lượng phun Part of the metering unit in the fuel distributor.
loại K -Metering port
lỗ đổ xăng dùng Restrictor in the fuel filler neck of cars fitted with
cho xăng không chì catalytic converters that prevents filling from
leaded petrol pumps, which have larger pump
nozzles.
-Nozzle restrictor
lò giảm hàm lượng Section in continuous galvanizing lines in which
oxy trên bề mặt the oxygen content of steel surfaces is reduced
thép between 900-980 0C by means of hydrogen.
-Reducing furnace
lỗ gió chính The main air passage through the carburetor.
-Carburettor barrel
lỗ không khí ở đầu Passage at the nozzle of a spray gun for shaping
súng phun sơn the spray pattern to a long or elongated oval.
-Lateral air passage
lỗ khung bắt đèn Opening in a sheet metal panel for mounting the
đầu hoặc đuôi headlamp or taillight.
-Lamp aperture
lô kiểm tra Certain quantity of a particular item chosen at
random for quality testing.
-Inspection lot

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 809

 lờ mờ (of a finish) not shiny.
-Dull
lỗ móc xích để kéo Steel ring fitted to the chassis of a car to which a
towrope can be attached.
-Towing eye or towing lug
lỗ nhỏ trên bề mặt Small opening in a surface.
-Pore
lỗ nhỏ trên lớp sơn Tiny bubbles in the finish that are often grouped
together; caused by trapped solvents, moisture or
air released from the film.
-Pinholing
lỗ phụ ở đầu vòi Additional passages at the nozzle of a spray gun
phun sơn for supplying additional air to break up the paint
unto smaller droplets.
-Lateral atomization orifice
lỗ quét khí The jet of fresh charge supplied into the cylinder,
the shape and direction of which determine the
effectiveness of the scavenging process.
-Scavenging jet
lò sấy lớp sơn cuối Oven for drying or stoving the final paint coat.
-Top coat drier or oven
lò sấy thân xe Enclosure where car bodies are subjected to heat
in order to dry and/ or bake on the paintwork.
-Drying oven
lỗ thông Hole through which something can be reached,
also a hole through which sealant is injected into
cavities.
-Access hole
lỗ thông hơi Air ventilation slot stamped in several rows into
bonnets and bootlids.
-Louvre or (US) louver

810 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 lỗ thông hơi các-te Vent which allows fumes and blowby gases to
escape, and reduces condensation, usually
connected to the air intake of the carburettor so
that the fumes can be burnt in the combustion
champer.
-Crankcase breather
lỗ thông khí salon Car body air compartment formed between the
scuttle and the bulkhead, providing a basis for the
interior air supply.
-Plenum chamber
lỗ thủng lốp xe Hole in a tyre made by a sharp object and causing
loss of air pressure.
-Puncture
lỗ tia chính trong bộ Main jet in a carburettor through which most of
chế hòa khí the fuel flows.
-Main jet
lò tôi Oven or furnace with controllable atmosphere in
which metal, an alloy, or glass is annealed.
-Annealing furnace
lỗ trên nắp delco Socket on the distributor cap corresponding to
the outer terminal, one per cylinder, to connect
the sparking plug leads.
-Outer tower
lộ trình kiểm tra xe Series of checks to be made when tracing a fault
mới ráp or when inspecting a new vehicle at the factory.
-Check routine
lỗ van trên vành The hole in the rim of a wheel for mounting
bánh xe tubeless tyres.
-Valve hole
lỗ vát Enlarged hole with slopping sides.
-Countersunk hole

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 811

 lỗ xả nước Hole drilled in the bottom of a box section or a
door, to allow water that has accumulated to
escape so as to prevent or delay rusting.
-Drain hole
lò xo A coil, strip or disc of special steel, a block of
rubber or a gas (e.g. air spring) which is elastic
enough to absorb and give back energy.
-Spring
lò xo cao su Element of a rubber suspension system such as
hydrolastic suspension.
-Rubber spring
lò xo chịu tải Spring which acts only under heavy load; prevents
bottoming.
-Overload spring
lò xo chổi than Spring holding a carbon brush in contact with the
commutator or slip ring.
-Brush spring
lò xo cuộn Spiral of spring steel wire, used in suspension
systems and clutches and as valve springs.
-Coil spring
lò xo dạng lá của ly Large metal disc with spring fingers formed by
hợp cutting internal radial slots, used in clutches.
-Diaphragm spring
lò xo đệm khí hệ Pressurized, nitrogen-filled sphere, used in
thống treo hydragas and hydropneumatic suspension
systems.
-Gas spring
lò xo định vị Steel wire clip that secures the cylinder in a
floating frame or caliper frame.
-Locating spring

812 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 lò xo giảm chấn Springs in a clutch plate providing a cushion
against sudden loads due to abrupt engagement.
-Damper springs
lò xo giảm ồn cho Usually cross-shaped part made of spring steel
phanh đĩa sheet which applies radial pressure to the brake
pads to prevent rattling. It is also called anti-rattle
springs.
-Spreader spring
lò xo giữ cửa mở A spring is fitted to door hinges to provide spring
load to keep the door in an open position.
-Door hold-open spring
lò xo giữ độ căng Spring designed to maintain tension in a drum
trong phanh trống brake.
-Tensioning spring
lò xò guốc phanh Spring whose ends are attached to two brake
shoes, bringing them back into the off position
after the brake has been applied.
-Brake shoe return spring
lỗ xỏ gu-rông trên Hole in a wheel through which the wheel studs
bánh xe pass.
-Stud hole
lò xo hoàn lực Spring which forces the throttle valve closed
bướm ga when pressure is taken off the accelerator pedal.
-Throttle return spring
lò xo khí có độ Springs which become stiffer under compression;
cứng thay đổi variable rate gas springs are a feature of air
suspension systems.
-Variable rate springs
lò xo lá Leaf spring.
-Cart spring

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 813

 lò xo ly hợp One of the coil springs (generally mounted in the
clutch cover) which presses the pressure plate
against the driven clutch plate to transmit the drive.
-Clutch spring
lò xo pít-tông giảm Coil spring in an SU carburettor which counteracts
the upward movement of the piston.
-Piston spring
lò xo xú-páp A coil spring used to close the valves and to keep
the exhaust valve closed during the induction
stroke, thus acting against the vacuum created
in the cylinder.
-Valve spring
lò xo xú-páp Removable collar fitting in a groove to hold, for
example, the valve spring on the stem.
- Spring
lò xo tiếp xúc đuôi Spring pressing on a contact to hold it in
đèn engagement, in a switch, bulb holder, etc.
-Contact spring
lò xo trả khớp đề Component of a pre-engaged starter which
ensures that the shift lever will move to its final
position and that the starter current will be
switched on in case of tooth abutment.
-Meshing spring
lò xo tròn trong bạc Long, thin coil spring with ends joined to form a ring.
nhớt -Garter spring
loa được đặt ở cửa Loudspeaker for a car stereo mounted in the
door trim.
-Door speaker
loa được lắp chìm Speaker mounted in a cutout in the interior trim
so that it does not project out, which is opposite
to surface-mounted speaker.
-Flush-mounted speaker

814 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 lọc To get rid of impurities.
-Purge, filter
lọc bơm dầu Oil pump strainer.
-Pick-up screen
lọc ga Accumulator-drier.
-Refrigerant accumulator
lọc ga trong hệ Device on the high side of an air-conditioning
thống lạnh system, somewhere between the condenser
and the expansion valve, which stores excess
refrigerant and removes moisture from the
refrigerant; consists of a tank, a filter, a drying
agent, a pick-up tube, and, on some units, a sight
glass.
-Receiver-drier
lọc gió Air filter.
-Air cleaner
lốc máy Cast-iron or, less frequently, cast-alloy casing
containing the cylinders of an internal combustion
engine, with a water jacket if water-cooled or
cooling fins if air-cooled, and usually in one piece
with the crankcase.
-Cylinder block
lọc muội than trong Diesel particulate filter.
diesel -PM trap
lọc nhiên liệu Filter in the fuel line intended to prevent any dirt
from passing into the carburettor or injection
system.
-Fuel filter
lỗi do tài xế mistakes made by the driver, especially as the
cause of an accident.
-Driver error

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 815

 lõi đồng của điện Central electrode of a sparking plug or the wires of
cực bu-gi hoặc dây an HT lead made of copper, which is an excellent
cao áp conductor electricity.
-Copper core

lõi ngọn lửa hàn Small, innermost part of the flame at the tip of a
blowtorch, the shape of which indicates the torch
adjustment.
-Inner cone

lõi sắt của bô-bin The core of an ignition coil consisting of pieces of
soft iron laminations, insulated from one another.
-Laminated iron core.

lõi tanh vỏ Ring of steel wires in the tyre bead.

-Bead core

lõi từ của cảm biến Soft magnetic core of the inductive winding in a
điện từ magnetic pick-up assembly; stator.
-Pole piece

lõi vỏ xe Strong thread usually of nylon used in the carcass

of a tyre.
-Cord

lõm Eroded.
-Pits

lõm lòng mâm bánh Offset so that the centre (of a wheel or similar) is
xe not in line with the rim, but recessed.
-Dished

long đền Flat disc or ring of metal, rubber, leather, etc.,

fitted under a nut to even out pressure and
prevent damage to the part on which it bears,
or to lock the nut in place, or used for spacing or
as a seal.
-Washer

816 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 long đền chống Washer with a tab that may be hammered against
xoay a flat side of a nut, or into a hole in the surface,
or over an edge, in order to secure the nut to the
surface on which it bears.
-Tab washer
long đền cong Locking device for threaded fasteners.
-Helical spring lock washer
long đền dẹp Plain washer (as opposed to a locking or spring
washer).
-Flat washer
long đền khóa A toothed, spring steel washer used as a locking
device.
-Spring lock washer
lớp Layer of material, usually applied in liquid form,
cover a surface.
-Coat
lớp áo ngoài bằng Conversion coating produced by phosphating.
photphat -Phosphate coating
lớp bố An important part of a tyre consisting various plies
of cord (made of rayon, nylon, polyester or steel),
which is impregnanted with rubber.
-Carcass
lớp bố vỏ xe Reinforcing layer or layers of steel or nylon
strands in the carcass of a radial fly tyre.
-Belt
lốp bơm hơi Rubber tyre filled with air under pressure. It is
opposite to solid tyre.
-Pneumatic tyre
lớp cách âm trong Sound-absorbing material attached to the inside
ca-pô of the bonnet to reduce engine noise.
-Bonnet liner

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 817

 lớp cặn chì ắc quy Lead particles that separate from the battery
plates during normal operation.
-Lead deposit
lớp gỉ dày sắp bong Loose, flaking rust.
-Scale rust
lớp gỉ do nhiệt độ Solid layer of corrosion products formed on
cao metals at high temperature.
-Scale
lớp hợp kim sắt Alloy layer formed on iron and steel during hot-dip
kẽm galvanizing as a result of the diffusion of atoms
from the molten zinc into the work and vice versa.
-Zinc-iron alloy layer
lớp kẽm mạ Zinc (based) coating applied by galvanizing.
-Galvanized coating
lớp kẽm mạ trên Top layer on hot-dip galvanized steel which,
thép in contrast to zinc-iron alloy layers, almost
completely consists of zinc.
-Layer of pure zinc
lớp kim loại bề mặt Metal layer forming the surface of a plain bearing,
bạc lót typical of white metal.
-Bearing material
lớp làm kín bên Innermost layer of a tubeless tyre which provides
trong vỏ an airtight barrier.
-Inner liner
lớp mạ bằng nhôm An electropositive metal coating, such as
hoặc kẽm aluminium or zinc, that protects the steel of a
car body by corroding first when attacked by
electrolytic action.
-Sacrificial anode
lớp mạ crôm Process of coating metal with a layer of chromium
and also the result.
-Chromium-plating

818 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 lớp mạ gamma Part of the zinc-iron alloy layer on hot-dip
galvanized iron and steel containing 21-28% iron.
-Gamma layer
lớp mạ kền Thin coating of nickel deposited on a surface by
electrolysis.
-Nickel plating
lớp mạ nickel- Nickel-silicon plating used e.g. on the cylinder
silicon trên thành walls of certain light-weight high-performance
xi-lanh engines; reduces weight and friction and improves
heat transfer.
-NiCaSil
lớp màng oxit nhôm Transparent film which forms naturally on an
aluminium surface due to oxidation.
-Natural oxide film or skin
lớp màng sơn To refill the fuel tank.
mỏng -Fill up
lớp nền Metal surface coating consisting of a compound
of the base metal.
-Conversion coating
lớp nền cho bộ hoá Single block of material; used to describe the
khử (ceramic) base for the catalyst in one type of
catalytic converter.
-Monolith
lớp nền kim loại Metal support.
trong vi mạch -Metal monolith
lớp nhớt cháy bám A product of oil oxidation which is deposited on
trên pít-tông và séc- pistons and piston rings at high temperatures.
măng -Viscosity oil
lớp oxit trên chất Oxide layer on the catalyst substrate which
xúc tác increases with the active surface area.
-Washcoat

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 819

 lớp oxit cứng và Hard, wear-resistant, oxide layer produced in an
chống mòn phủ anodic oxidation process.
ngoài -Hard anodic coating
lớp oxit hóa a-nốt To deposit a hard, non-corroding oxide layer on
(aluminium or light alloy).
-Anodize
lớp phản chiếu Semi-reflecting layer embedded in laminated
windscreen glass; used for headup displays.
-Holographic combiner
lớp photphat phủ Zinc-rich conversion coating produced by
ngoài kẽm phosphating.
-Zinc phosphate coating
lớp phủ chống mòn Nickel-silicon-carbide coating for particularly
trên thành xi-lanh wear-resistant cylinder walls.
-Scanimet
lớp phủ chống va Coating of the underbody of a vehicle, usually with
đập và ăn mòn gầm organic coating materials (plastic, wax, bitumen-
xe based products), to protect it from mechanical
damage and corrosion.
-Underbody coating or underbody protection
lớp phủ photphat Phosphate coating with added manganese to
có thêm mangan increase resistance to wear and fatigue.
-Manganese phosphate coating
lớp sơn The sum of all coats of paint on a work.
-Paint system
lớp sơn ánh kim Paint type incorporating small metallic flakes
reflecting light, which is opposite to solid paint.
-Metallic finish or metallic paint
lớp sơn bảo vệ Layer or layers applied to a surface to provide
corrosion protection.
-Protective coat(ing)

820 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 lớp sơn có hai tông Paint colour of two different shades.
màu -Two-tone paint.
lớp sơn cuối Coat of paint which has desired final colour,
often but not always the top coat in the case of
two-pack finishes a clear lacquer is applied on
top of it.
-Colour coat
lớp sơn cuối cùng Top coat.
-Finish coat
lớp sơn đầu tiên Paint used to prime car body by the electrophoretic
trên thân xe process.
-Electrophoretic primer
lớp sơn giữa Any coat of paint between the first coat (primer)
and last coat (finish).
-Intermediate coat
lớp sơn làm bóng Custom paintwork using a transparent colour
medium applied over the base coat, which adds
translucence and richness to the paint, especially
all shades of red.
-Candy paint
lớp sơn lan sang Undesirable spray residues on adjacent panels
chỗ khác and car parts beyond the resprayed area
(countered by careful masking).
-Overspray
lớp sơn lỗi giống bề Uneven formation on a film surface, similar to that
mặt vỏ quả cam of an orange skin.
-Orange peel effect
lớp sơn lót First coat in a paint system, either an undercoat
or primer, or a coloured coat to be cover in a coat
of clear lacquer.
-Base coat

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 821

 lớp sơn lót chống Resilient intermediate coat between the primer
trầy and the top coat, applies to protect the body
shell from chip-ping damage caused by gravel or
stones.
- Scratch-resistant primer
lớp sơn lót dưới Protective PVC coating applied to the underbody
sàn bằng nhựa PVC of a vehicle.
-PVC underseal (coating)
lớp sơn lót gầm xe Rustproof coating with sound-deadening
properties applied to the underbody. In US
English, it is undercoat.
-Underseal
lớp sơn lót trước Any preliminary coat of paint applied prior to the
lớp sơn ngoài top coat.
-Undercoat
lớp sơn ngoài The outer covering surface of a vehicle.
-Skin
lớp sơn nitơ Paint giving a deep, lustrous finish.
xenluloza -Nitrocellulose paint
lớp sơn tĩnh điện Painting process in which the outer parts of the
body shell are coated with a powder dispersion
by means of cathodic immersion, and in which
the cavities are coated with cathodic electropaint.
-Electrostatic Powder Coating (EPC)
lớp sơn trét kín vết Special primer used to cover fine cracks.
nứt -Primer filler
lớp vải mui Interior trim, e.g. of doors, convertible tops.
-Lining
lớp vảy xuất hiện Scab-like corrosion occurring along a scratch in
do ăn mòn theo vết a coating.
trầy sơn -Scab corrosion

822 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 lớp vỏ ngoài của Upper layer of a plain bearing insert.
ổ bi -Overlay
lốp xe (US) (informal) tires.
-Rubber tyre
lốp xe bơm quá đầy Tyre which has too much air in it, causing
không khí premature wear in the tread centre. It is opposite
to underinflated tyre.
-Overinflated tyre
lốp xe chạy được Tyre with a limited ability to run without air in it;
khi xẹp sufficient to pull over safely.
-Run-on tyre
lốp xe đắp lại In US English and Australian, which is retread.
-Recap
lốp xe Denovo Special tyre (fitted to a special rim) which used to
be made by Dunlop, and can be run flat for up to
100 miles at up to 50 mph Denovo.
-Denovo tyre
lốp xe đi trên băng Winter tyre.
tuyết -Snow tyre
lốp xe đi trên bùn Mud and snow tyre; winter tyre with a deep tread
và băng tuyết M and S.
-M and S tyre
lốp xe không có Tyre with no inner tube, whose air pressure is
ruột maintained by an air-tight seal between the outer
casing of the tyre and the wheel rim.
-Tubeless tyre
lốp xe quá mòn Tyre on which the tread is completely worn away.
-Bald tyre
lốp xì hơi Completely deflated, especially as the result of a
puncture or a leaky valve.
-Flat

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 823

 lớp chất xúc tác Catalytic layer.
-Catalyst coating
lớp xúc tác Layer of catalyst-coated material such as pellets
or ceramic in a catalytic converter through which
the gases pass.
-Catalyst bed.
luật bảo vệ người Code developed by the Scandinavian automobile
tiêu dùng and consumer associations stipulates that, as of
January 1983, all cars must be free of surface
corrosion for three years and free of perforation
and weakening damage for six years.
- Consumer protection law
luật giao thông Official British code of conduct for all road users.
đường cao tốc -Highway code
lực Any push or pull exerted on an object, measured
in newtons (N) in the SI (international system of
units), although usage of the superseded units
based on feet, pounds and ounces is still frequent.
-Force
lực cản lăn Resistance to motion offered by tyres on a flat
road surface, attributable mainly to rolling and
mechanical friction and dependant on tyre design,
pressure and load; over 50mph, air resistance
becomes more important.
-Rolling resistance
lực căng The stretching force that acts on the windscreen
header to keep the hood taut.
-Tensile force
lực đẩy The force with which a vehicle moves; the pulling
force; depends not only on engine power and
torque, but also on the amount of friction between
driving wheels and road surface.
-Propulsive power

824 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 lực đóng van Force necessary for closing the valves, provided
by the valve spring.
-Closing force
lực hướng xuống Downward pressure provided, for example, by a
spoiler.
-Downforce
lực kéo Pulling force.
-Traction
lực lò xo Force necessary for closing the valves,
provided by the valve spring.
-Braking effort or force.
lực tác dụng lên Forces exerted on a tyre by the slip angle when
bánh xe khi quay taking a corner.
vòng -Cornering forces
lực tắt dần của bộ Amount of damping applied by a shock absorber.
giảm chấn -Damping force
lực trả lái The forces in a steering system that set front of
wheels straight hen grip on the steering wheel is
released after cornering.
-Self-centering (effect)
lực trượt ngang khi Centrifugal force moving a vehicle towards the
quay vòng outside of a curve when cornering.
-Lateral acceleration
lùi xe Reversing.
-Back up
lưng ghế Back of a seat.
-Backrest
lưỡi Straight, narrow flat part, such as the end of a
screwdriver, the part of the windscreen wiper in
contact with the windscreen, or one of the vanes
of a rotor or impeller.
-Blade

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 825

 lưỡi khoan Drill bit having two helical grooves running from
the point along the shank.
-Twist drill
lưỡi cắt răng Milling cutter.
-Mill
lưới dây kim loại để In catalytic converters with a ceramic monolith, a
chống rung cho bộ stainless-steel fabric used as a shock-absorbing
xúc tác support for.
-Wire mesh
lưỡi gà Part of reed valve made of flexible steel, or of
glass fibre reinforced resin, attached to the valve
case and normally closed.
-Reed
lưới kim loại Wire mesh.
-Metal mesh
lưới lọc dầu Wre mesh filter, as used in an oil pump strainer
in the sump.
-Strainer
lưới lọc dầu bôi The type of oil filter usually used on automotive
trơn engines which comes complete with filter and
housing, and where both components are
replaced together.
- Oil filter lubrication grid
lưỡi phay Rotating, toothed cutter in a milling machine,
used to cut or shape metal.
-Milling cutter
lưới thép không gỉ Wire mesh.
-Stainless-steel mesh
lượng hỗn hợp The quantity of air/ fuel mixture.
-Mixture volume

826 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 lượng khí độc vào Amount of toxic substance passed into the
không khí atmosphere by motor vehicles.
-Emission level
lượng khí nạp Quantity of fresh mixture fed into the combustion
chamber prior to combustion.
-Cylinder charge
luồng không khí Stream of air behind a moving vehicle.
đằng sau xe đang -Slip stream
chuyển động
lượng nhiên liệu Amount of fuel used, expressed in miles per
tiêu hao gallon in Britain and the USA, whereas the
international measure is litres per 100 kilometres.
In US English, it is fuel mileage.
-Fuel consumption
lưu hóa To treat rubber with sulphur or sulphur compounds
under heat and pressure to improve elasticity and
strength.
-Vulcanize
lưu lượng Passing of liquid or current through something,
also the amount conveyed.
-Flow
lưu lượng kế Meter indicating the amount of liquid passing
through, used for instance to supply information
to a fuel consumption indicator.
-Flowmeter
lưu lượng không Cooled flow of air past a moving object, especially
khí a vehicle, or through a duct.
-Airflow
lưu lượng tính bằng Volume of fluid handle through a pump, usually in
thể tích gallons per minute.
-Capacity

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 827

 ly hợp A component, which helps to connect or
disconnect the power flow from engine to
trasmission system.
-Clutch
ly hợp ăn khớp một The driving and driven plates of the clutch come
cách êm ái together and take up the drive without judder.
-The clutch engages smoothly
ly hợp bánh công Holds the stator stationary as long as its blades
tác are struck by the fluid flow against the rotational
direction of pump and turbine; if the fluid flows in
the direction of rotation, the stator starts running.
-Stator roller clutch
ly hợp (côn) Early type of clutch in which the driving and driven
elements have conical surfaces, still used in the
synchronizing mechanisms of synchromesh
transmissions.
-Cone clutch
ly hợp điện từ điều Any clutch in with magnetic force is used to hold
hòa the drive in engagement, such as that in the
compressor drive of an air-conditioning system.
-Electromagnetic clutch
ly hợp hai đĩa Clutch with two driven plates separated by an
intermediate drive plate; gives higher torque
capacity.
-Twin-plate clutch
ly hợp khô Single-plate clutch.
-Dry clutch
ly hợp khóa biến Automatically engaged clutch in a lock-up torque
mô converter; prevents slipping losses.
-Torque converter (lock-up) clutch

828 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 ly hợp loại bạc đạn Conventional clutch in which the clutch release
đẩy bearing is pushed towards the flywheel when the
clutch is disengaged.
-Push-type clutch
ly hợp loại bạc đạn Clutch in which the clutch release bearing is
kéo pulled away from the flywheel when the clutch is
disengaged.
-Pull-type clutch
ly hợp loại điện từ Ectromagnetic clutch.
-Magnetic clutch
ly hợp loại khô Normal type of clutch, with one driven plate;
usually dry (i.e. without oil).
-Single-plate clutch
ly hợp loại lò xo Clutch in which a ring of coil springs hold the
cuộn pressure plate in position.
-Coil spring clutch
ly hợp ly tâm Centrifugal clutch.
-Self-operating clutch
ly hợp ma sát Conventional clutch transmitting drive by
mechanical friction, as opposed to a fluid coupling.
-Friction clutch
ly hợp một chiều Mechanical clutch which transmits power in one
direction of rotation only; when torque is not
applied, the driven member rotates freely; used
in automatic gearboxes and the old freewheel.
-One-way clutch
ly hợp một chiều Type of one-way clutch using spring-loaded
trong hộp số tự locking cams; found in automatic gearboxes,
động overdrives and free-wheels.
-Sprag clutch
ly hợp ngâm trong Wet cluch.
dầu -Oil immersed clutch

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 829

 ly hợp quạt làm mát Clutch by means of which the fan can be engaged
động cơ and disengaged according to engine temperature,
usually operated automatically by a thermostat.
-Fan clutch

ly hợp số lùi Clutch which couples the components of planetary

gear sets or trains in such a way that the vehicle
can be driven backwards.
-Reverse clutch

ly hợp thủy lực Hydraulically acting coupling by which power can

be transmitted, used as an automatic clutch with
a driving and a driven rotor revolving in oil which
acts as the transmission medium.
-Fluid clutch or fluid coupling

ly hợp trượt trong Part of a starter motor designed to avoid armature

máy khởi động damage caused by severe overrevving.
-Overrunning clutch

ly hợp từ A component, which helps to connect or

disconnect the power flow from engine to
compressor in climate system.
-Magnetic clutch

mạ To coat (a metal) with a thin layer of another metal

by electrolysis, chemical reaction, etc.
-Plate

mạ bạc Electrolytic deposition of silver.

-Silver-plating

mạ bằng hơi kẽm Zinc Vapour Deposition.

-ZVD

mạ cadmium Covered in a coating of cadmium.

-Cadmium-plated

830 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 mạ chân không Production of a surface film of metal on a
heated surface, usually in a vacuum, either by
decomposition of the vapour of a compound at
the work surface, or by direct reaction between
the work surface and the vapour.
-Vapour deposition
mạ cơ khí Mechanical plating.
-Mechanical galvanizing
mạ crôm To plate with chromium.
-Chromed
mạ crôm đen Electrolytic deposition of a black chronium layer
for decorative purpose.
-Black chromium plating
mạ điện Coating of metal, especially iron or steel, with
zinc by electroplating.
-Electrogalvanizing
mạ đồng Applying a thin layer of copper by electrolytic
deposition, especially on parts in the electrical
system such as terminals and contacts.
-Copper plating
mã ghi ngày sản Code on tyre sidewalls made up of the letters and
xuất trên vỏ xe numbers giving information on the production
date of a tyre.
-DOT code
mạ kẽm To plate with zinc by hot dipping or electrodeposition
(to protect from rust).
-Galvanize
mạ kẽm bằng điện Ctrogalvanizing.
phân -Zinc-electroplating
mạ kẽm với các chi Galvanizing method for objects which can be
tiết đặt trên thanh placed on a rack.
răng -Rack galvanizing

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 831

 mã màu dây điện Particular colour for a specific amperage.
theo cường độ -Identification colour
dòng
ma-nhê-tô Magneto.
-MAG
mạ nóng Hot dip galvanizing process for small objects.
-Spin galvanizing
má phanh Brake pad.
-Pad
má phanh chính In US english, it is leading shoe.
-Primary shoe
ma sát lăn Frictional resistance to rotation in rolling bearings.
-Rolling friction
ma sát trượt Frictional resistance to relative movement of
surfaces on loaded contact.
-Sliding friction
ma sát trượt mặt Differing road surfaces (such as ice and tarmac)
đường offering differing tyre adhesion.
-Split-friction road surfaces
mã số phụ tùng Reference number attributed to particular part.
-Part(s) number
matit Paste usually with a polyester base which, when
mixed with a hardener, forms a surface which
can be sanded smooth and is suitable for repairs
to dented or rusted bodywork, also called filler
paste.
-Filler
matit để dặm vá các Fine grade filler for minor dents and chips.
vùng lõm nhỏ -Knifing stopper

832 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 má trục khuỷu One of the pair of arms which carries the big-end
journal.
-Crank web
mạ với lớp kẽm dày Galvanizing process in which extremely heavy
zinc coatings are applied.
-High-build galvanizing
mạch sơ cấp Primary circuit.
-Low voltage circuit
mạch cầm chừng The passages, jets, etc. in a fixed-jet carburettor
chế hòa khí which provide idling mixture to the carburettor
barrel.
-Idling circuit
mạch chống nhiễu Car radio circuit which automatically cancels
khi dò đài noise output during tuning.
-Automatic muting
mạch dầu bôi trơn Passage running the length of the cylinder block
trong thân máy through which oil under pressure flows before
passing into the bearings (via holes in the cylinder
block).
-Oil gallery
mạch điện Series of electrical connections forming a
complete path for the current to flow through.
-Circuit
mạch điện cao áp The secondary circuit. It is also called hightension
circuit.
-HT circuit
mạch điện cao áp Secondary circuit. It is also called HT circuit.
thứ cấp -Hightension circuit
mạch điện nối tiếp Circuit with two or more resistance units so wired
that current must pass through one unit before
reaching the other.
-Series circuit

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 833

 mạch điện song Electric circuit in which the individual components
song are connected between two points, with one of
the two ends of each component connected
to each point; arrangement used in the vehicle
electrical system.
-Parallel circuit
mạch điện thứ cấp Circuit which comprises the secondary winding of
đánh lửa the ignition coil, the distributor, and the sparking
plugs.
-Secondary circuit
mạch khởi động Carburettor starting aid.
chế hoà khí -Tickler
mạch nhớ đài cuối Circuit which ensures that when the unit is turned
on, the tuner automatically tunes to the station
that was received before the unit was turned off.
-Last station memory
mạch sơ cấp Primary circuit.
-LT circuit
mạch sơ cấp đánh Circuit which comprises the battery, the ignition
lửa switch, if ballasted the ballast resistor, the primary
winding of the ignition coil, and if breaker-triggered
the contact breaker points.
-Primary circuit
mạch thay đổi dạng Circuit for changing the waveform of a sig.
xung -Pulse former or shaper
mạch thứ cấp Secondary.
-HT circuit
mạch tích hợp hiệu Hall IC.
ứng Hall -Hall module

834 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 mạch tích hợp với Solid state device with the actual Hall generator
cảm biến Hall and integrated circuits for voltage amplification
and potential reversal, producing the pulses for
the control unit.
-Hall IC
mài đế xú-páp bằng To polish with a lap.
đá mài -Lane
mài giũa To give (a rough surface, flanges, etc.) the right
shape by grinding or a similar process.
-Dress
mài lại To smooth and polish again (e.g. valve seats).
-Regrind
mài nhẵn To remove burrs from a metal surface.
-Deburr
mâm Flat circular plates are used for instance in disc
brakes and some clutches.
-Disc
mâm bánh xe Simple, most common form of wheel on passenger
cars and light commercial vehicles, consisting of
a pressed steel disc the centre of which is bolted
to the hub, and which has fixed to its periphery,
the rim serving as a seat for the tyre.
-Disc wheel
mâm bánh xe hợp Alloy wheel.
kim nhẹ -Light-alloy wheel
mâm bánh xe Wheel type without holes or slots in the wheel
không lỗ disc.
-Plain disc wheel
mâm bánh xe loại Alloy wheel.
hợp kim -Magnesium wheel

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 835

 mâm đúc giả căm Modern design of alloy wheel which imitates the
appearance of the classical wire wheel.
-Cross-spoke wheel
mâm đúc giả nan Astyled, cast or forged alloy wheel with a wheel
hoa spider which incorporates a spoke design.
-Spoke wheel
mâm hợp kim loại Wheel which consists of the rim and the wheel
hai nửa tách rời disc or spider bolted together. ‘Forged‘ is optional,
since multi-piece alloy wheels are always forged
and not cast.
-Two-piece (forged) alloy wheel
mâm hợp kim A true magnesium wheel, developed for the Mini
Minilite in 1962 by nuclear engineer Derek Power on the
basis of experience gathered with magnesium
components in nuclear power plants; the Minilite.
-Minilite (alloy wheel)
mâm lửa Contact breaker plate.
-Governor plate
mâm móc hậu In an articulated vehicle, the generally circular
pad at the rear of the tractor unit on which the
front end of the trailer is mounted and which is
able to turn when a corner is being negotiated.
-Fifth wheel
mâm phanh Fixed heavy-gauge metal plate attached to the
suspension and carrying the brake shoes and
brake operating mechanism of a drum brake, or
the plate carrying the brake pad in a disc brake.
-Backplate
mâm vít lửa Fixed plate in the body of the distributor, on
which the contact breaker or triggering device is
mounted, and through the centre of which, the
distributor shaft passes.
-Distributor baseplate

836 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 mâm vít lửa bộ chia Distributor baseplate.
điện -Subplate
mâm xoay vít lửa Plate on which the the contact breaker assembly
is mounted, and which can be rotated slightly by
the vacuum or centrifugal advance mechanism.
-Contact breaker plate
màn che chống Blind for the rear window to prevent dazzle from
chói phía sau xe following vehicles’ head-lights.
-Car blind
màn hình chẩn Usually a multi-functional display of a diagnostic
đoán đa chức năng system.
-Message centre
màn hình phản Driver information system which displays key
chiếu trên kính information by projection into the driver’s visual
trước field in the windscreen area.
-Head-up display
màn hình tinh thể An optical, digital display used in the instrument
lỏng panel.
-Liquid-crystal display (LCD)
màng bơm Thin, flexible membrane displaced under
pressure, e.g. in vacuum units, often connected
to a rod or other member to transmit movement.
-Diaphragm
máng dầu bôi trơn In US English, it is sump.
-Oil pan
màng dầu bôi trơn Coat of lubricant to reduce the friction created
when two surfaces move on one another.
-Lubrication film
màng lọc gió Element of absorbent paper or felt inserted into
the air filter, which catches dirt and dust in the air
drawn into the engine.
-Air filter element

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 837

 màng lửa Edge of the combustion flame spreading from the
sparking plug, which should move in a controlled
pattern across the cylinder, rather than simply
exploding immediately.
-Flame front
màng oxit ở cực Protective, decorative, or functional coating,
dương formed in an anodizing process.
-Anodic coating or film or oxide layer.
màng truyền động Flexible membrane which displaces under
cho pít-tông pressure, imparting movement to the piston in a
Stromberg carburettor.
-Piston diaphragm
mặt bệ xú-páp Annular part of a valve head located at the valve
seat of the cylinder head.
-Valve seat face
mặt bên dưới xe The lower side of the underbody, i.e. the surfaces
that the road surface.
-Underside
mặt bên hông cam One of the two flat parts of the face of a cam.
-Flank
mặt cắt View of an object when cut transversely at right
angles across its centre.
-Cross section
mặt cắt lỗ thông Used to indicate the cross-section area of the port
of a two-stroke engine; this value is one of the
factors determining the gas flow and the power of
a two-stroke engine.
-Port area
mặt cắt ngang Width across the flats (of a hexagon, square
drive, etc.).
-A/F (dimension)

838 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 mặt cắt vỏ xe Cross-section of a tyre.
-Profile
mặt cắt xéc-măng Special piston ring characterized by its L-shaped
dạng L cross-section.
-L-section ring
mặt chia vạch trên Usually circuit face of a measuring instrument
đồng hồ đo such as a gauge or speedometer.
-Dial
mặt đĩa phanh phía The part of the brake disc directly fixed to the
bắt với trục wheel hub.
-Inner attachment face
mất điều khiển To go out of control when braking harshly so that
khi phanh xe kéo the trailer slews round at an angle to the cab
container (articulated lorries).
-Jackknife
mặt gai vỏ xe The part of the tyre that makes contact with the
road; it is the thickest part of the tyre and is cut
with grooves to provide traction for driving and
stopping.
-Tread
mắt gas Viewing glass or window set in the refrigerant
pipe of a car’s air-conditioning system, usually in
the top of the receiver-drier, which allows a visual
check of the refrigerant passing from the receiver
to the evaporator.
-Aight glass.
mất hiệu quả To lose its effectiveness.
-Break down
mặt nghiêng Slope.
-Incline

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 839

 mặt quay nghiêng A rotating disc or face plate on a shaft that is
inclined at an oblique angle to the axis of rotation
and either imparts reciprocating motion to push
rods or plungers parallel to the shaft axis, as in
a swash plate pump or, conversely, converts
reciprocating motion to rotation (replacing the
crankshaft), as in a swash plate motor.
-Swash plate
mặt ren côn của On sparking plug, seal without a gasket achieved
bu-gi by mating the conical surface of the sparking plus
shell and the cylinder head.
-Taper seat
mặt tiếp xúc lốp xe Contact patch.
-Tyre contact area/ zone
mặt trước của xe The front end of a vehicle.
hơi -Nose
mặt vát lỗ ren To enlarge the part of a hole on the surface of
the material so that a conical recess is formed to
take the correspondingly shaped heat of a screw,
which will then be flush with the surface.
-Countersink
mấu giữ đai an toàn Point where the end of a seat belt is attached to
the body of a car.
-Belt anchorage
mấu khớp Device mounted on a rotating shaft or component
that engages in a recess of a component to be
driven.
-Lug
mẫu kim loại đã rèn Piece of forged metal.
-Forging
mẫu thử nghiệm va Test specimen with the shape of a bar as used in
chạm the impact resistance test.
-Test bar

840 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 máy biến thế Assembly for increasing the voltage supplied to
the air bag system to 12 volts in case of a drop in
battery voltage.
-Voltage transformer

máy bơm Machine that transforms mechanical energy

generated by a prime mover into the energy of a
moving fluid.
-Pump

máy bơm chất lỏng Machine used to raise liquids from a low to a high
energy level by transferring energy to the medium
being pumped.
-Liquid pump

máy cân bằng bánh A machine capable of locating static and dynamic
xe wheel imbalance and determining the mass of the
balancing weights required.
-Wheel balance or wheel balancing machine

máy cán tấm kim Large machine to curve or roll metal in a single
loại plane.
-Sheet metal roller

máy cắt khung cũ Air-operated tool used to cut out old panels.
-Panel cutter

máy cắt kim loại Any tool used to cut sheet metal.
-Sheet metal cutter

máy cát sét Unit for playing audio cassettes, usually

incorporated in a stereo unit.
-Cassette player

máy cắt tấm kim Bench tool for cutting sheet metal.
loại -Guillotine

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 841

 máy chẩn đoán Electronic engine-test-device, formerly free-
động cơ standing in a cabinet, and now often hand-held
and connected to the diagnostic socket of a
vehicle (as in the case of the diagnostic read-out
box), which provides data on all aspect of the
state of engine tune.
-Engine analyzer
máy chẩn đoán hư Computer used for diagnostic testing.
hỏng -Diagnostic computer
máy đánh bóng Power sanding tool with a rotating belt lined with
bằng băng vải abrasive.
nhám -Belt sander
máy dập khung ô tô Plant specializing in the manufacture of car
bodies.
-Pressing plant
máy đề kiểu bánh Bendix starter.
răng Bendix -Inboard starter
máy đo In US English, it is gauge.
-Gage
máy đo dao động Oscilloscope used especially for ignition tune-
trong hệ thống ups; usually integrated in an engine tester.
đánh lửa -Ignition oscilloscope
máy đo sức nén Compression tester.
-Compression gauge
máy đúc nhựa kiểu Machine used to produce preformed plastic body
phun panels.
-Injection moulding machine
máy ép xe phế thải Machine which crushes scrapped cars into small
blocks.
-Crusher

842 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 máy gấp mép Tool for making a flange.
-Flanger
máy gấp tấm Joggler.
-Panel flanger
máy hiện sóng dao Informally, oscilloscope.
động -Scope
máy hút bụi mini Small, easily portable vacuum cleaner that can
be plugged into the cigarette light of a car.
-Carvac
máy hút hơi ẩm Device which absorbs moisture from the air, e.g.
in a garage or in an air-conditioning system.
-Dehumidifier
máy kéo chỗ thụng Tool with a powerful suction cup to pull dented
doors, wings, bonnets, etc. back into shape.
-Dent puller
máy kéo khung xe Hydraulic ram attached securely to the vehicle at
strong points; pulling force is then applied to the
pulling beam to pull the frame or sheet metal back
into place.
-Pulling beam
máy khoan Usually power-driven tool for making holes in
metal, wood, plastic, etc., with a chuck that will
accept bits of different sizes.
-Drill
máy khoan cầm tay Power driven, hole-boring tool.
-Hand drill
máy khoan đá Electric hand drill that hammers as well as rotates.
-Hammer drill
máy khoan tháo Spot-weld remover.
mối hàn điểm -Spot-weld drill

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 843

 máy khởi động A combination of Bendix and pre-engaged starter
drives.
-Pre-engaged Bendix starter
máy khởi động với Pre-engaged starter.
ly hợp một chiều -Overrunning clutch starter
máy khởi động điều Mechanical cable to the starter switch on vehicles
khiển bằng cáp without a starter solenoid (e.g. Fiat 500).
-Starter switch control cable
máy khởi động Powerful electric motor that engages with the
động cơ flywheel to turn an internal combustion engine
which begins the induction of fuel and the ignition
cycle.
-Starter (motor)
máy khởi động gài Starter motor in which the solenoid-operated
khớp trước pinion engages with a flywheel ring gear before
the full electric current flows; an overrunning
clutch enables the pinion to freewheel before
disengaging, once the engine has fired.
-Pre-engaged starter
máy khởi động sử Starter motor with a bendix drive.
dụng bánh răng -Bendix starter
Bendix
máy kiểm tra bô-bin Tester providing a spark gap or neon tube to
provide a comparison for the coil being tested.
-Spark gap coil tester
máy làm khô nhựa Drier for PVC sealants.
trám -Gelling drier
máy mài Cleaner which removes a certain amount of the
surface.
-Abrasive cleaner

844 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 máy mài góc Power tool (either electric or driven by compressed
air) with abrasive discs, especially for removing
old paintwork and smoothing the surface prior to
spraying.
-Angle grinder
máy nén Pump for increase pressure used e.g. in air-
conditioning or in forced induction supercharging
or turbo charging.
-Compressor
máy nén có pít-tông A positive displacement compressor with
chuyển động tịnh reciprocating pistons; rarely used for
tiến supercharging, more frequently used for air
conditioning.
-Reciprocating compressor
máy nén khí Device for supplying compressed air, e.g. for paint
spraying or in an air brake system .
-Air compressor
máy nén loại pít- Compressor in an air-conditioning system with
tông one or more pistons arranged in either an in-line,
axial, radial or V-configuration.
-Piston(-type) compressor
máy phân tích hàm Non-Dispersive Infrared Analyser, used for
lượng CO và CO2 analysing concentrations of carbon monoxide
and carbon dioxide in an exhaust gas sample.
-NDIR analyser
máy phân tích khí NDIR analyser.
thải -Non-dispersive infrared analyser
máy phát Any type of automotive electric power generator,
such as an alternator or dynamo.
-Generator
máy phát điện A generator for which the motive force is a petrol
engine.
-A petrol-driven generator

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 845

 máy phát điện xoay The machines, which produce the alternating
chiều current.
-Alternator
máy phát kết hợp Combined dynamo and starter used on some
máy khởi động cars in the 1920s and ’30s, and more recently on
two-stroke motorcycles.
-Dynastart(er)
máy phát tín hiệu Transmitter no larger than a car radio, fitted inside
báo trộm the vehicle which enables drivers to radio for help
from the security of their own cars.
-Emergency transmitter
máy phát xoay Generator which produces three-phase alternating
chiều current inside its stator windings.
-Alternator (ALT)
máy phát xung Pick-up module.
-Pulse generator
máy phay Milling machine.
-Mill
máy phay bào Machine tool with a table on which rests material
which is cut by a rotating cutting tool held by a
horizontal arbor or vertical spindle.
-Milling machine
máy sạc bình Device which can be plugged into the mains and
connected to a store battery to restore its state of
charge.
-Battery charger
máy sạc nhanh Battery charger, which can charge a battery at a
rate of 40 amps or even more, used by garages
and battery suppliers.
-Fast charger
máy sấy Drying oven.
-Drier

846 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 máy thử bu-gi Screwdriver with a bulb inside the handle, which
lights up if a spark is present when the blade is
touched against the outside insulation of the
sparking plug cable.
-Sparking plug tester
máy tính điều khiển Spark Control Computer.
đánh lửa -SCC
máy tính điều khiển Electronic control unit with electronic spark timing
thời điểm đánh lửa (SCC).
-Spark control computer
máy tính hành trình Computer with a multi-function display; supplies
the drive with trip information such as range, ETA,
distance to destination, time, fuel economy, fuel
consumption, average speed, accumulated trip
miles, elapsed time since last reset.
-Trip computer
máy tính trung tâm Electronic component used to control vehicle
kiểm soát mạch electrical circuits, etc. and to process data for
điện instrument panel gauges.
-On-board computer
máy vẫn nổ sau khi Condition of a SI engine in which fuel continues
tắt công tắc máy to burn after the ignition has been turned off,
causing the engine to run on (for a few seconds).
It is also called dieselling.
-Running-on
mềm Able to bend without breaking.
-Flexible
mềm dễ uốn (of a metal) Which can be bent, hammered, or
drawn out into wire or sheet without fracturing.
-Ductile
men thủy tinh In US English, it is vitreous enamel.
-Porcelain enamel

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 847

 mép The edge of a sheet metal panel folded at right
angles to the basic panel contours; often used
to mount the panel to an adjacent panel, e.g. for
spot welding.
-Lip
mép cửa Edges of a door which are not visible from the
outside or inside when the door is shut.
-Door shut face
mép niềng hình Most widely used rim flange type for passenger
chữ J car wheels; the J-flange is 17.3 mm in height.
-J-flange
mép niềng xe kiểu Rim flange type for passenger car wheels; the
K K-flange is 19.3 mm in height and rarely used
today.
-K-flange.
mép vành bánh xe The part of a rim that supports the tyre bead in a
lateral direction; the linear distance between the
two rim flanges is termed rim width.
-RIM flange
mica Thermoplastic polymer derived from
methylacrylate; transparent solid with excellent
optical qualities and weather resistance; typical
automotive applications are the lenses of rear
lights (PMMA). It is also called Perspex.
-Polymethyl methacrylate
micrômet Unit of measurement of thickness (= one
thousandth of a milimetre).
-Micrometre
miếng chặn ổ bi Cover housing the bearing at the slip-ring end of
an alternator. It is opposite to drive end bracket.
-Slip-ring end bracket

848 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 miếng chêm chỉnh In valve clearance, a spacer required for the
xú-páp adjustment of valve clearance in OHC or DOHC-
engines equipped with tappets.
-Shim.

miếng chêm để Calibrated shim used to adjust valve clearance

chỉnh xú-páp on OHV engines with bucket tappet assembly; for
adjustment, a calibrated valve shim is placed or
removed from between tappet and cam.
-Calibrated shim used

miếng cỡ lá Thin blade of spring steel of an exact thickness

for measuring small gaps or clearances between
parts, usually made in sets of various thicknesses
pinned together at one end to form a feeler gauge.
-Feeler blade

miếng đắp (US) To break up for spare Patch panel.

-Part panel

miếng roong cửa See door capping.

-Capping

miếng vá Small sheet metal panel that is usually made up

specially to repair minor rust holes.
-Patch panel

mịn Having many grooves and ridges close together.

-Fine

mờ Dull, not shiny.

-Matt

mỡ bôi trơn Whitish jelly-like substance obtained from

petroleum, used as a lubricant and as a protection
against corrosion.
-Petroleum jelly

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 849

 mỡ bôi trơn có chất Type of grease that will not freeze, melt or wash
chống đông off; used for speedometer and brake cables,
door and bonnet hinges, door stop latches,
boot springs, seat slide tracks, distributor cams,
windscreen wiper mechanism, etc.
-White lithium grease

mỏ cặp Clamping device with adjustable jaws (usually

mounted on a workbench) used to grip an object
to be worked on.
-Vice or (US) vise

mỏ chìa khóa sáu Bit with six sides.

cạnh -Hexagon bit or hex bit

mỡ grafit Heavy-duty grease containing graphite, used for

brake cables, etc.
-Graphite grease

mỏ hàn cắt Oxyacetylene torch for cutting through metal, used

by emergency services and people dismantling
vehicles.
-Cutting torch

mô hình cắt bổ With part of the external cover or causing removed

to show the internal parts and how they work.
-Cutaway

mô hình khung Modern construction layout of the unitary type,

nguyên khối using a skeleton-like assembly as the main
structural member, thus relieving stress from the
body sheet metal.
-Skeleton construction

mô hình mẫu ô tô First precision model of an automobile based

bằng đất sét hoặc on a clay model or CAD-data; essential for the
máy tính manufacture of prototypes.
-Master model or master pattern

850 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 mô hình mẫu xe Mock-up of a new design made before an actual
mới bằng đất sét prototype is built.
-Clay model

mỏ lết Open-end spanner with a single smoothjaw that

can be adjusted to fit nuts and bolts of different
sizes.
-Adjustable spanner/ Monkey wrench

mỏ lết răng Adjustable spanner with jaws at right angles to

the handle.
-Girder spanner

mô-men Mechanical force that causes rotation.

-Torque

mô-men ở số vòng Pulling power of the engine in the middle of the

quay trung bình rev range.
-Midrange torque

mô-men tại tốc độ Pulling power at low engine speed.

thấp -Bottom end torque

mô-men cực đại Point of maximum torque.

-Peak power

mỏ quẹt chia điện Rotor arm.

-Distributor rotor

mỏ quẹt trong Rotating part of the distributor, which distributes

delco the high voltage to the individual sparking plugs;
in older systems an oblong shape, in breakerless
distributor system usually a disc.
-Rotor

mô tả mẫu xe Shortened description of a particular model.

-Model designation

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 851

 mô tơ bước A stepper motor (or step motor) is a brushless
DC electric motor that divides a full rotation into
a number of equal steps. The motor’s position
can then be commanded to move and hold at
one of these steps without any feedback sensor
(an open-loop controller), as long as the motor is
carefully sized to the application.
-Step motor or stepper motor
mô tơ điện Machine which changes electrical energy into
usually rotational motion.
-Electric motor
mô tơ trợ lực Small electric motor that supplies power to a
servomechanism.
-Servo motor
móc kéo trước xe Structure attached to the rear of a car to enable a
trailer or caravan to be towed; consists of one or
two brackets, a towbar and towball.
-Towing bracket
móc kéo xe It is also called hitch ball.
-Tow ball
móc vào To connect.
-Hook up
móc vào kéo To connect or couple up a caravan or trailer to a
towing vehicle.
-Hitch
module truyền Interchangeable unit providing motive power,
động either in the form of an electric motor and
ancillaries, or an internal combustion engine
with all necessary components, for alternative
use in the same vehicle according to needs and
conditions.
-Drive module

852 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 mồi bơm To fill a machine (e.g. a pump) with the necessary
fluid before starting, in order to improve its sealing
qualities.
-Prime
môi chất làm lạnh In air-conditioning sustems, substance used in
refrigerating systems; automotive air conditioners
now use non-Freon systems as well as the
refrigerant R-12 (Freon) as a heat transfer
medium.
-Refrigerant
môi chất làm lạnh Refrigerant used in air conditioners.
R-12 -Freon-12 (R-12)
mối hàn Welded joint where the panels or other parts to be
joined do not overlap.
-Butt joint or weld
mối nối khô Faulty electrical joint which does not in contact
with the coolant.
-Dry joint
mồi xăng To put fuel in the float chamber of a carburettor to
ease the starting of an engine.
-Prime
molypden Metallic element used in alloys, especially to
harden and strengthen steels in high temperature
applications, like exhaust valves.
-Molybdenum
mòn To remove a surface layer (by chemical action or
by rubbing ).
-Erode
một bánh Manoeuvre in which the front wheel (s) is/are lifted
off the ground on sudden acceleration; originally
practised on motorbikes.
-Wheelie

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 853

 một lượt A number of things produced as a group.
-Batch
Mô tơ đấu hỗn hợp DC electric motor with two separate fields
windings, one in parallel and the other in series
with the armature circuit; used as a starter motor.
-Compound motor
mô tơ khởi động Starter motor.
-Self-starter
mô tơ quạt két Electrically operated motor responsible for driving
nước the radiator fan.
-Radiator fan motor
mưa axit Rain containing pollutants from industrial waste
and vehicle exhaust gases dissolved in the
atmosphere.
-Acid rain
mức báo động vượt On a tachometer, the top speed range which is
tốc marked red as sign of excssive engine speeds.
-Red line
mức chất điện phân Amount of electrolyte in a car battery, which must
cover the top of the plates.
-Electrolyte level
Mưa axit Rain containing pollutants from industrial waste
and vehicle exhaust gases dissolved in the
atmosphere.
-Acid rain
mức CO và HC Emissions of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons
can be reduced by burning incompletely burnt
mixture.
-CO and HC levels
mực dầu bôi trơn Depth of oil in sump, gearbox or rear axle.
-Oil level

854 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 mức dự trữ điện áp The difference between the available ignition
thứ cấp voltage and the ignition voltage required at a
given moment.
-Highvoltage reserve
mức ô nhiễm thấp Generally, releasing relatively few pollutants into
của khí thải the environment.
-Low-emission
mức ồn bên trong Level of noise inside the vehicle, typically in the
xe range from 45-90 dBA from idle to full throttle; at
70 mph between 66-87 dBA.
-Interior noise level
mục rao bán xe Small advertisement in a newspaper or magazine,
usually put in by a private person, e.g. with a car
for sale.
-Classified (ad)
mức sạc điện Amount of current, usually in amperes, delivered
by the charging system.
-Charging rate.
mức tiêu hao nhiên The amount of fuel consumed by an engine
liệu riêng for each unit of energy produced; measured in
kilograms-per-megajoule or per-kilowatt-hour or
pounds-per-bhp-hour (SFC).
-Specific fuel consumption
mũi cắt Part of a tool for boring or cutting, esp. the
interchangeable tip of a drill or the blade of a
screwdriver.
-Bit
mui cố định Rigid, (sometimes detachable) car roof.
-Hardtop
mui điều khiển Power hood.
bằng điện -Electric top

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 855

 mui điều khiển Convertible top which is raised and lowered by
bằng thủy lực a hydraulic system; depending on engineering, a
hydraulic hood can operate fast, silently, and with
tremendous power.
-Hydraulic hood
mũi khoan Drill bit.
-Drill
mũi nhọn kẻ vạch Pointed steel hand tool for marking metal.
-Scriber
mùi trứng thối Rotten-egg smell.
-Stink-bomb smell
mùi trứng thối sinh In cars equipped with catalytic converters, this
ra từ bộ xúc tác smell is the result of an excessively rich air / fuel
mixture.
-Rotten-egg smell
mui vải Soft-top made from a textile (such as canvas) as
opposed to vinyl.
-Fabric hood or top
mui xe Roof of canvas or similar material stretched out
from e.g. a caravan for protection from the sun
and rain.
-Awning
mui xe đa năng Enclosed, multi-purpose roof carrier.
-Roof box
mui xe kiểu tháp Unusual roof design, introduced on the Mercedes-
Benz SL Hardtop, which was slightly lower in the
centre than at the sides.
-Pagoda roof
mui xếp Having a folding hood which can be raised or
lowered over the passenger compartment.
-Drophead

856 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 mui xếp của xe mui Folding roof of a convertible car (b) In US english,
trần it is bonnet.
-Hood
mui xếp điều khiển Convertible top which is raised and lowered by an
bằng điện electric motor. In US English, which is electric top.
-Power hood
mười hai cạnh Having twelve angles ; the shaft of some nuts,
bolt heads and their corresponding sockets.
-Bihexagon
Muội than Residues of burnt oil deposited in the combustion
chamber, on the piston top and elsewhere in the
course of the combustion process.
-Carbon build-up or deposits
muội than Deposit with forms in the combustion chamber,
on the piston crown and to a lesser extent in the
inlet and exhaust ports, resulting form incomplete
combustion especially of oil.
-Carbon
muội than nối tắt Gap bridging.
điện cực -Plug whiskering
nam châm vĩnh cửu Magnetic material such as hardened steel that
has been strongly magnetized and retains its
magnetism indefinitely; used in electric machines.
-Permanent magnet
nằm ngang Lying flat, not upright.
-Horizontal
năm ra kiểu xe mới A new model year starts after the summer break
of the car production plant, during which the
assembly lines are altered to accommodate
the changes introduced in the cars of the next
model year.
-Model year (MY).

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 857

 nan hoa Part connecting the hub of a wheel to its rim; the
number and size of steering wheel spokes have
been reduced over the years to improve the view
of the instrument panel.
-Spoke
nan hoa trên niềng Wire spoke.
xe -Spoke
nan hoa vành xe Part which connects the hub of a wire spoke
wheel to the rim.
-Wire spoke.
nặng Heavy-duty.
-Heavy
nặng đuôi Description of the towing vehicle if the being
towed is too heavy.
-Tail heavy
năng lượng Capacity for doing work, measured in joules or in
the case of electrical energy, in kilo-watt hours.
-Energy
nặng tay lái Steering, clutch having a stiff operation, e.g.
requiring considerable effort to turn the steering
wheel.
-Heavy steering
nạp ắc quy từ từ Continuous charging of a storage battery at a low
rate to keep it in a fully charged condition for a
period when no current is drawn from it.
-Trickle charge
nắp bánh xe Wheel cover.
-Wheel trim
nắp bầu ly hợp Bowl-shaped cover house the rotating elements
of a friction clutch, anchors the clutch spring(s),
and is normally attached to the flywheel.
-Clutch cover

858 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 nắp bình nhiên liệu Cap on the top of the tube leading to the fuel tank.
-Fuel cap
nắp bình xăng Closure which covers a filler orifice.
-Filler cap
nắp bình xăng loại Quick-release filler cap, as fitted to some sports
bật lên and racing cars.
-Flip-top filler cap.
nắp bộ chia điện Removable cover of the distributor, having a high-
voltage centre tower for the lead from the coil, and
as many regularly spaced outer towers as there are
cylinders, each of these corresponding to a contact
on the inside of the cap and receiving the HT lead
for one of the sparking plugs on the outside.
-Distributor cap
nắp ca-pô Hinged cover over the engine bay, usually of
metal but now often of fibreglass.
-Bonnet
nắp che máy phát Cover housing the bearing at the drive end of an
alternator, dynamo, etc. .
-Drive end bracket
nắp chụp bạc đạn Small metal cap on the front wheel bearing.
bánh trước -Spindle cap
nắp chụp bánh xe Metal or plastic disc fitted to the centre of a road
wheel.
-Wheel cover
nắp chụp che bụi Valve cap.
-Dust cap
nắp chụp động cơ Panel of metal or plastic covering the engine of
a rear-engine car. The terms bonnet in British
usage and hood in American usage are only used
for the cover a front-mounted engine.
-Engine cover

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 859

 nắp chụp trục bánh Small metal cap on a front wheel bearing.
xe -Hub cap
nắp chụp van lốp Screw-on cap for a tyre valve to prevent the entry
xe of dirt and dust.
-Valve cap
nắp dàn cò xú-páp Cylinder head cover above the valve train. In US
English, it is valve cover.
-Rocker box or rocker cover
nắp đầu to thanh Rigid, semicircular part which encloses and holds
truyền the outer shell of a shell bearing, as in the main
bearings of an engine.
-Bearing cap
nắp đậy Protective cover, usually round and such as can
be screwed or twisted on, e.g. radiator cap, petrol
cap.
-Cap
nắp đậy bình điện One-piece cover permanently sealed to the
battery case and with common batteries provided
with one opening for each of the individual cells
for filling and topping-up purposes, such openings
are usually closed by plugs but are absent on
modern maintenance-free batteries.
-Battery cover
nắp đậy lỗ châm Cap covering the oil filler hole.
nhớt -Oil filler cap
nắp két nước Pressure cap at the top of the radiator.
-Radiator cap
nắp khóa chỗ đổ Usually locking flap which has to be opened to
xăng gain access to the fuel cap.
-Fuel filler flap

860 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 nạp không khí bằng Additional piston formerly fitted to some two-
pít-tông stroke engines, designed to precompress the
fresh charge and to supply it at excess pressure
into the engine cylinders.
-Charging piston

nắp ly hợp Bowl-shaped cover house the rotating elements

of a friction clutch, anchors the clutch spring(s),
and is normally attached to the flywheel.
-Clutch cover

nắp máy có ống Cylinder head design (especially in an OHC-

góp hút và thải đối engine) with the inlet manifold on one side and the
xứng exhaust manifold on the other side of the head,
so that inlet and exhaust valves are arranged on
opposite sides of the combustion champer, giving
a wider engine but better gas flow.
-Cross flow cylinder head

nắp máy hai trục Double overhead camshaft.

cam -Twin overhead camshaft

nắp máy với buồng Head with a swirl chamber for indirect injection
xoáy lốc diesel engines.
-Comet head

nắp ngăn hành lí Hinged cover for the boot.

phía sau -Bootlid

nắp quy lát có ống Cylinder head design (especially in an OHC-

góp hút và thải đối engine) with the inlet manifold on one side and the
xứng exhaust manifold on the other side of the head,
so that inlet and exhaust valves are arranged on
opposite sides of the combustion champer, giving
a wider engine but better gas flow.
-Cross flow cylinder head

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 861

 nắp quy lát Casting on earlier engines of cast iron and on
most modern engines of cat aluminium, bolted on
top of the cylinder block, usually containing part
of the combustion chamber(s) with the valves and
the sparking plugs.
-Cylinder head
nắp quy lát cố định Non-removable cylinder head, cast in one piece
with the cylinder block; found in early internal
combustion engines.
-Fixed head
nắp quy lát với năm Cylinder head with five valves per cylinder, usually
xú-páp three inlet valves and two exhaust valves.
-Five-valve head
nắp tròn đậy trục Hub cap.
bánh xe -Nave plate
nắp trục cam Housing for one of the camshaft of a twin overhead
camshaft engine mounted on top of the cylinder
head, and containing the camshaft and usually
also the tappets.
-Camshaft housing
nắp vuông Flat piece of material attached along one side,
often by a hinge and thus forming a small door for
shutting off an aperture.
-Flap
nắp xi-lanh có hai Cylinder head with two valves per cylinder.
xú-páp cho mỗi xi- -Two-valve head
lanh
nệm bằng vải Upholstery covered in a fabric as opposed to vinyl
or leather.
-Cloth upholstery
ném ra To put or throw out.
-Eject

862 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 nền Lowest supporting part of a usually upright
member, or bottom layer or coating in a paint
system.
-Base
nền móng Flat area used as a support.
-Bed
nén trước To compress the fuel/ air/ oil mixture first.
-Pre-compress
nén trước trong Initial compression of the fuel/ air/ oil mixture in a
động cơ hai thì two-stroke engine in the area below the pistons
to enable more fresh charge to be fed into the
cylinder.
-Crankcase compression or pre-
compression
nếp gấp chỗ nối Creation of corrugations in two thin metal parts as
dây với đầu giắc they are pressed tightly together in order to join
cấm them, a method often used in place of soldering
for electrical connections.
-Crimping
nếp nhăn của lớp The top coat tends to wrinkle to a smaller or
sơn greater degree if the outer paint coat dries too
rapidly, preventing the underlying coats from
drying properly; this also occurs if the paint film
is too heavy.
-Wrinkling
ngã tư Across corners.
- A/C
ngàm nhíp Metal clip that holds the leaves of a multi-leaf
spring together.
-Rebound clip
ngăn chặn To hinder or to prevent.
-Inhibit

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 863

 ngăn chứa cát sét Radio/cassette deck.
-R/C
ngăn chứa dầu (Double-tube shock absorber) the space between
trong ống nhún kép the outer and inner tubes of a double-tube shock
absorber which takes up the oil squeezed out
of the working chamber corresponding to the
volume of the piston rod immersed in the working
chamber.
-Reservoir
ngăn chứa đồ ở xe Glove compartment on older cars, often without
đời cũ a lid.
-Cubby hole
ngăn chứa đồ sau Floor of the luggage area of an estate car or
xe du lịch hatchback.
-Load floor
ngăn đặt ắc quy Separate space provided for the battery, usually
under bonnet but sometimes below the rear seat
or in the boot.
-Battery compartment
ngăn động cơ Engine compartment.
-Engine bay
ngăn giữa bộ xúc In dual bed catalytic converters with air injection,
tác ba tác dụng the plenum between the three-way catalyst and
the conventional oxidation catalyst, into which
secondary air is injected.
-Midbed
ngăn hành lý Separate area for lugguage behind the rear seats
and mostly behind the rear window, or below the
rear window in the case of fastback designs, with
a hinged cover.
-Boot

864 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 ngăn hành lý riêng Subsequent saloon version with boot of a model
biệt originally launch as a hatchback.
-Booted version
ngang bằng Level with the surrounding surface.
-Flush
ngắt điện nhiệt tĩnh A bimetallic circuit breaker in lighting circuits which
switches to an alternative circuit in the event of a
fault or short circuit.
-Thermostatic interruptor
ngắt quãng Occurring at regular or irregular intervals.
-Intermittent
ngày hội của người A meeting to which enthusiasts bring their old
chơi xe cổ cars to look at them and discuss them, often with
a competition to decide which is the smartest.
-A classic car meeting (a concourse)
nghẽn ống vì bọt Blockage in a pipe caused by a bubble of gas,
hơi especially that in an overheated fuel line leading
to the carburettor.
-Vapour lock
nghèo hỗn hợp hòa Lean.
khí -Weak
ngõ vào Entry.
-Ingress
ngộp xăng To allow too much fuel to enter (the carburettor,
the engine).
-Flood
ngưng tụ To increase in density and (of a vapour) to become
a liquid.
-Condense

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 865

 người đăng ký xe The person who keeps the car, registers and pays
tax (and insurance) for the car; not necessarily
the same as the owner or the driver.
-Registered keeper
người chỉ đi xem In car sales jargon, a person who is just looking,
mà không mua xe not buying.
-Tyre kicker
người lái xe bạt A selfish, often aggressive driver.
mạng -Road hog
người lái xe ô tô Car driver.
-Motorist
người máy được Robot used for paint application.
dùng cho việc sơn -Painting robot
người máy phun Application of paint by robots.
sơn -Robot spraying
người ngụy tạo tai Person or organization that fakes car accident
nạn xe cộ and repair bills in order to get the repair money
from insurance companies.
-Car banger
người nộm Stuffed figure made to look like a human being,
used for testing car destruction.
-Dummy
người nộm để kiểm Dummy developed to investigate the effects of
tra sự va chạm side impact crashes (SID).
-Side impact dummy
người rửa kính A person who washes windscreens.
-Windscreen washer
người thiết kế Person responsible for the concept of a new
car, etc.
-Designer

866 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 người tự sửa chữa Unqualified person who does his own repairs on
his car.
-DIY mechanic
ngưỡng cửa Sill.
-Door sill
ngưỡng cửa cao su Box-section crossmember just below the lower
edge of the bootlid (when closed).
-Silicon-rubber sealant
nguyên bộ dây cao Connecting system that integrates the sparking
áp và nắp delco plug connectors, sparking plug leads, distributor
cap, distributor connector, high-voltage cable,
and ignition coil connector.
-Sparking plug cable cover strip
nguyên bộ vít lửa Replacement contact breaker assembly for fitting
thay thế when new points are required.
-Contact set
nguyên cụm vật tư Kit for the overhaul of parts such as carburettors,
để đại tu động cơ generators, pumps, universal joints, etc.
-Repair kit
nguyên gói thiết bị Particular combination of equipment provided by
the manufacturer.
-Equipment package
nguyên khối Forming part of a whole.
-Integral
nguyên tắc dùng In air induction system the method of introducing
dao động khí thải secondary air into the exhaust system by means
of aspirator valves actuated by the pressure
pulses of the exhaust gas stream.
-Pulse air principle
nguyệt san quảng Monthly publication of second-hand car prices.
cáo in giá xe cũ -Glass’s Guide

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 867

 nhà chuyên sản Firm specializing in the production of special
xuất thân xe bodies for motor vehicles.
-Coach builder
nhà đậu ô tô tầng Car park with many levels.
-Multi-storey car park
nhả khớp To release.
-Let out
nhà kính Glass area.
-Greenhouse
nhà lưu động kéo Mobile home especially for recreational purpose,
theo xe for towing behind a car commercial vehicle,
usually with two wheels.
-Caravan
nhả ly hợp To disengage the clutch.
-Declutch
nhả nhanh ly hợp The act of taking up: A sharp take-up of the drive
causes a sudden jerk.
-Take-up
nhả số kép To change gear using the following technique:
declutch, move the gear lever into neutral,
let in the clutch, press the accelerator (when
changing down) to raise the engine and gearbox
rpm to the level needed in the lower gear, let
out the clutch again quickly and move the gear
lever into the lower gear (before the gearbox
shaft rpm drop too far); when changing up there
is no need to depress the accelerator when in
neutral, but it is often necessary to pause in
order to let the gearbox shaft speed drop to the
right level.
-Double-declutch or (US) double-clutch

868 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 nhà vệ sinh trên xe Portable toilet for use in caravans or when
camping.
-Chemical toilet
nhấn chìm trong To dip into or submerge in a liquid.
dung dịch -Immerse
nhãn chứng nhận (US) label which must be attached to the lower half
an toàn of the left-hand front door lock facing; specifies
the VIN and other relevant information.
-Safety Compliance Certification (SCC)
Label
nhãn chứng nhận Vehicle emission control information.
đã kiểm tra khí thải -Tune-up decal or label
nhãn ghi lệ phí cầu Sticker displayed on the windscreen denoting
đường payment of a toll.
-Toll sticker
nhãn hiệu xe Name of a car (such as ‘MG’), which is an
important marketing tool, and inspires customer
loyalty.
-Marque
nhãn hiệu xe Mini Very successful, small British front-wheel drive
car designed in 1959 by Sir Alec Issigonics (1906-
88).
-Mini
nhãn mác xe Type of transfer bearing a model name or logo or
other wording.
-Decal
nhánh ống nạp cho Branch of the inlet manifold leading to an inlet
từng xi-lanh port.
-Inlet tract
nhẹ Weighing relatively little; not heavy.
-Light

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 869

 nhẹ nhàng Easy to operate, which is opposite to heavy.
-Light
nhiên liệu Substance burned as a source of heat of power,
that used in an engine being a liquid or a gas.
-Fuel
nhiên liệu cho máy Fuel suitable for aircraft.
bay -Aviation fuel
nhiên liệu diesel Light oil fuel with a relatively low ignition
temperature.
-Diesel fuel
nhiên liệu dùng cho Diesel oil, which used as a fuel for road vehicles.
động cơ diesel -Derv
nhiệt độ mà bộ xúc The temperature at which a catalytic converter
tác hoạt động 50% achieves a 50% conversion rate; typically near 2500C.
-Light-off temperature
nhiệt độ biến dạng Ability of a test specimen to preserve its shape
chịu tải up to a given temperature under a given dead
load; characterized by the temperature at which
the specimen supported at both ends and heated
continually and uniformly in a liquid heat-transfer
medium is deformed by a given amount when the
load is applied midway between the supports.
-Temperature of deflection under load
nhiệt độ cháy thấp Lowest temperature at which vapours from a volatile
nhất fuel will ignite momentarily on the application of a
small flame under specified conditions.
-Flash point
nhiệt độ chuẩn để The temperature at which measuring tools and
so sánh pieces being worked on must have the specified
measurements unless the contrary is expressly
stated.
-Reference temperature

870 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 nhiệt độ của khí In diesel filtration tests, the exhaust gas
thải giữa temperature at which there is an equilibrium
between particulate burn-off and deposit build-up.
-Particulate ignition temperature
nhiệt độ hóa mềm The temperature at which a flat-ended needle
Vicat of 1mm² circular cross section will penetrate a
thermoplastic specimen to a depth of 1mm under
a specified load, using a selected uniform rate of
temperature rise.
-Vicat softening temperature
nhiệt độ khí nạp Air charge temperature.
-ACT
nhiệt độ không khí Temperature of the air sucked into the carburettor
nạp or fuel injection system.
-Air charge temperature (ACT)
nhiệt độ môi Outside temperature.
trường -Ambient temperature
nhiệt độ thấp nhất The lowest temperature at which an oil can be
dầu chảy rót poured.
-Pour point
nhiệt làm bốc hơi Heat from the engine warming the carburettor and
xăng other parts of the fuel system which can cause
vapour lock and may make restarting difficult.
-Heat soak
nhiều đĩa Multi-plate.
-Multi-disc
nhiễu radio Interference generated by the ignition system
and other electrical apparatus; counteracted by
suppressors (RFI).
-Radio frequency interference
nhiều tiêu điểm Multi-suction pump.
-Multi-focal

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 871

 nhíp dạng một phần Quarter elliptic leaf spring.
tư elip -Cantilever spring
nhíp dạng parabol Parabolic spring.
-Taper(ed) leaf spring
nhíp đơn Single element suspension spring in the form of a
flexible beam.
-Single-leaf spring
nhíp lò xo Flat, narrow, metal strip of varying length used as
a spring.
-Leaf spring
nhíp ngược Leaf spring mounted upside down and fixed to the
vehicle at its mid-point.
-Cantilever spring
nhíp nhiều lá Leaf spring made of several narrow, flat strips
(leaves).
-Multi-leaf spring
nhíp phụ Helper leaf in a leaf spring.
-Auxiliary leaf.
nhỏ nhưng mạnh Small and relatively powerful.
-Nippy
nhôm Aluminium.
-Al
nhóm tấm bản cực Assembly of plates of identical polarity (positive
or negative) as used in a battery cell).
-Plate group
nhớt bôi trơn Refined crude oil used as a lubricant.
-Lubricating oil
nhớt sạch từ bình Fresh engine oil supplied to engine from a
chứa container.
-Clean oil

872 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 nhớt thuỷ lực màu Green hydraulic fluid used by Citroen for some of
xanh their suspension systems.
-Liquide Hydraulique Minerale (LHM)
nhũ tương Mixture of two liquids which do not fully mix, such
as oil and water, or specifically petrol and air in a
carburetor.
-Emulsion
nhựa A material that contains as an essential ingredient
one or more organic polymeric substances of
large molecular weight, is solid in its manufacture
or processing into finished articles, can be shaped
by flow.
-Plastic
nhựa acrylic Any thermoplastic synthetic polymer made by
the polymerization of acrylic derivatives such as
acrylic acid, ethyl acrylate and methacrylate, used
for adhesives, protective coatings, and finishes.
-Acrylic resin
nhựa bền và chịu A new proprietary polyamide with unusual
nhiệt temperature stability, mechanical strength, and
resistance to oil and grease.
-Stanyl
nhựa cách điện Proprietary, hard, brittle plastic used in the early
days of plastic engineering, esp. for electrical
parts because of its good insulating properties.
-Bakelite
nhựa cao su chảy Materials which are rubbery at room temperature
khi hâm nóng but which on heating melt to viscous liquids
that can be moulded and otherwise processed;
the change is reversible; on cooling, the melted
material reverts to a solid material having rubbery
properties.
-Thermoplastic elastomers

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 873

 nhựa cứng cách Ebonite.
điện ebonit -Hard rubber
nhựa dán kính Tinted strip of transparent vinyl attached to the
chống nắng top of the windscreen to cut glare from the sun. It
is also called a windscreen shadeband.
-Sunshield
nhựa để làm nhẵn Body repair material for smoothing dents in body
thân xe panels; includes a resin base filler paste and
a catalyst which is added to the base filler and
hardens by chemical reaction.
-Polyester filler
nhựa dẻo khi nóng Plastic material with long chain-like molecules
that can repeatedly be softened by heating and
hardened by cooling; most plastic parts used on
vehicles are made of thermoplastics.
-Thermoplastic
nhựa được gia cố The basic material for the manufacture of
thủy tinh fibreglass body shells and panels; it is made up
of several layers of fibreglass mat or cloth and
various types of resins.
-Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP)
nhựa ebonit Hard black rubber compound especially one
containing no filler.
-Ebonite
nhựa epoxy Thermosetting resin based on ethylene oxide or
similar material or derivatives, used in adhesives,
fillers, and primers and other finishes.
-Epoxy resin
nhựa hydrocacbon Plastics based on resins made by the
polymerization of monomers composed of carbon
and hydrogen only.
-Hydrocarbon plastics

874 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 nhựa nguyên chất New resin material which has not been recycled
before; needed for high-quality parts. It is opposite
to regrind.
-Virgin resin
nhựa PC A polyester polymer in which the repeating
structural unit in the chain is of the carbonate type;
used for bumpers, body and roof panels (PC).
-Polycarbonate
nhựa PE A polymer prepared by the polymerization of
ethylene as the sole monomer; very resistant to
chemical attack (PE).
-Polyethylene
nhựa PE tỉ trọng High-density polyethylene.
cao -HDPE
nhựa PE tỷ trọng Low-density polyethylene.
thấp -LDPE
nhựa Poliurêtan Thermoplastic material with high strength, good
chemical and abrasion resistance; used mainly
for foamed reaction injection mouldings and for
adhesives, such as for flush-bonded body glass
(PUR).
-Polyurethane
nhựa PP An extremely versatile plastic, available in many
grades and also as a copolymer (ethylene/
propylene) (PP).
-Polypropylene
nhựa PVC Bolt plasticized and unplasticized PVC types are
marked by good weathering resistance, and good
surface properties; they are self-extinguishing
(PVC).
-Polyvinyl chloride

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 875

 nhựa tổng hợp Polyurethane.
dùng chế tạo sơn -PUR
nhựa tổng hợp PE A very tough, chemically resistant thermoplastic,
tỷ trọng cao with a ‘soapy’ touch; e.g. used for blow-moulded
parts such as fuel tanks or other mouldings, such
as bumpers.
-High-density polyethylene
nhựa tổng hợp tỷ A relatively soft, flexible polyethylene, used mainly
trọng thấp for plastic film and sheet.
-Low-density polyethylene (LDPE)
nhúng vào cao su To coat or impregnate with rubber.
-Rubberize
nhúng vào kẽm To coat metal parts by immersion in molten metal,
hoặc thiếc đang such as tin or zinc.
nóng chảy -Hot dip
ni lông Tough, versatile, synthetic material; can be used
insheet, fibre, or solid form.
-Nylon
niềng bánh xe The part of a wheel that connects the wheel
disc with the tyre; its basic purpose is to provide
support to the lower sidewall.
-Reaction injection moulding (RIM)
niềng xe an toàn Safety rim developed by Michelin with a flattened
rim flange and run-flat potential.
-TR rim
niềng xe không đối Wheel rim where the well is located outside the
xứng centreline of the wheel.
-Asymmetric rim
niềng xe kiểu AH Rim design able to run with a flat tyre and with
increased safety in case of sudden air loss.
-AH rim

876 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 niềng xe liền Wheel rim consisting of one part, designed for
tubeless type mounting.
-One-piece rim.
niềng xe loại an Rim with small ridges that hold the tyre beads on
toàn the wheel during a tyre blow-out (instant rupture
and air loss) or flat tyre (slow leak reducing
inflation pressure).
-Safety rim
niềng xe rời Detachable rim.
-Demountable rim
niềng xe tháo rời Rim type incorporating at least one demountable
bead seat and/ or rim flange to allow tyre mounting,
which is oppiste to one-piece rim.
-Multi-piece rim
niềng xe TR-Denloc TD rim/ wheel.
-TR-Denloc rim/ wheel
nổ dội Forcing back of some of the air/fuel mixture
through the carburetor due to a sticking valve or
as a result of the inlet valve closing late.
-Blowback
nổ không đều If an engine sounds rough it is running unevenly,
probably caused by misfiring or worn crankshaft
bearings.
-Rough
nổ vỏ Puncture in which the tyre bursts and often leaves
the rim.
-Blow-out
nối bằng gờ To join by means of a joggle.
-Joggle
nội địa Made in the country in question, which is opposite
to foreign.
-Domestic

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 877

 nơi đỗ Parking place reserved for a particular vehicle.
-Parking space
nơi đỗ xe Parking space or site for a trailer, caravan, etc.
-Pitch
nơi dừng xe Place at the side of a road where drivers can stop
(to rest).
-Lay-by
nồi hấp Sealable high-pressure container used for
polymerisation and in tyre production.
-Autoclave
nơi hở bu-gi The shortest distance between the centre and
side electrodes of a sparking plug where the
spark jumps over (approx. 0.6-1.1 mm).
-Sparking plug gap
nới lỏng To make (something) less tight; to slacken.
-Loosen
nối mass To connect a circuit or a component to a chassis
or body part, either directly or by means of a wire.
In US English, it is ground.
-Earth
nối mass ắc quy Earth provided by a braided earth strap or a heavy
- duty cable leading from the negative terminal (or
exceptionally, in positive earth systems, from the
positive terminal) to a suitable point on the body
or chassis.
-Battery earth
nối song song To connect in parallel.
-Parallel
nội thất Panels, linings, decorative facings, upholstery
and covers inside a vehicle.
-Interior trim

878 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 nội thất xe The inside (of) a vehicle.
-Interior
nối tiếp Two or more components connected in a circuit
so that the same current flows in turn through
each of them. It is opposite to parallel.
-Series
nồng độ cồn Amount of alcohol in the blood due to drinking.
-Blood alcohol
nồng độ cồn trong Blood Alcohol Content.
máu -BAC
nửa nắp các-te One side of the crankcase where it is split
trong xe gắn máy down the middle, especially in single-cylinder
motorcycle engines.
-Crankcase half
núm để bơm mỡ Small, one-way valve used for injecting grease
vào ổ bi into a bearing.
-Grease nipple
núm điều chỉnh vặn Small wheel for adjusting, which can be turned by
tay using the thumb and forefinger.
-Thumb wheel
núm kéo bướm gió Knob on the fascia for operating the choke.
-Choke knob
núm tra mỡ Small, one-way valve used for injecting grease
into a bearing.
-Nipple
nung To dry or cure (a paint or other finish) using heat.
-Bake
nước bóng Shine on a surface; luster.
-Gloss
nước cất Water from which impurities have been removed
by a special process, for topping up batteries.
-De-ionized water

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 879

 nước làm mát động Mixture of water and anti-freeze (usually now with
cơ corrosion inhibitors) in the cooling system.
-Coolant
nước ngưng tụ Water resulting from condensation.
-Condensed water
nút bấm sang số Knob at the end of a gear lever.
-Gear knob
nút bịt Stopper which seals a hole.
-Plug
nút bịt bằng cao su Rubber plug for filling holes in the floorpan.
-Blanking plug
nút cân bằng âm Knob or slide control which adjusts the level of the
thanh left and right speakers of a stereo system.
-Balance control
nút châm dầu Small screw-in plug in the steering box or similar,
which is removed for topping up with oil.
-Fill plug
nút chêm Disc-shaped metal plug used to seal holes.
-Welch plug
nút chỉnh tần số âm Unit in a car stereo system that adjusts the audio
thanh output signal strength separately for individual
frequency ranges; individual frequencies can be
emphasized to compensate for specific acoustic
conditions.
-Graphic equalizer
nút chỉnh tần số âm Graphic equalizer.
thanh cát sét -Equalizer
nút chọn vị trí hệ Button which operates the position of electric
thống điều khiển seats, mirrors, etc. and which stores the
requirements of a particular driver in its memory.
-Memory button

880 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 nút chống nứt lốc Sheet metal disc inserted in a hole in the water
máy jacket of the cylinder block to prevent it from
cracking if the coolant should freeze due to
insufficient anti-freeze, the core plug being forced
out by the pressure created by the expansion of
the water when frozen.
-Core plug
nứt do ứng suất vì Stress corrosion cracking.
ăn mòn -SCC
nút gài A self-locking device used especially to secure
sheet metal screws; consists of a small steel plate
with a hole and two arched prongs that engage
with the screw thread; used extensively to attach
plastic parts to a steel car body.
-Speed nut
nút kéo bướm gió Choke knob.
-Choke
nút lấy băng cát sét Button on a cassette player for taking out the
ra cassette.
-Eject button
nút ngắt hệ thống Button which cuts out the anti-lock braking system,
ABS for drivers who want to take threshold braking into
their own hands.
-ABS override button.
nút nhả phanh tay Button at the end of the handbrake lever which,
when depressed, allows the pawl to be released
from the ratchet.
-R button
nút nhấn còi xe Relatively large, round pad in the centre of the
steering wheel which sounds the horn when
depressed.
-Horn boss or horn button

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 881

 nút nhấn để quay A button is used to resume preset cruising speed
lại tốc độ đã chạy on cruise control.
-RES
nút nhớ đài tự động Button for tuning a radio automatically to a preset
frequency, i.e. one radio station can be allocated
to each button.
-Preset station button
nút từ tính trong Plug fitted in the sump to collect metal debris.
các-te dầu để hút -Magnetic (drain) plug
mạt kim loại
nút xả Usually threaded plug at the lowest point of the
sump, gearbox, cooling system, etc., which is
removed in order to drain the oil or coolant, and
typically has a recessed hexagon head.
-Drain plug
ổ bi côn Taper roller bearing.
-Bearing cone
ổ bi đũa Antifriction bearing with non-spherical rolling
elements.
-Roller bearing
ổ bi đũa côn Bearing consisting of a cone (which includes
the rollers and the cage) and a cone-shaped,
stationary race or cup; can accept axial thrust as
well as providing shaft location.
-Taper roller bearing
ổ bi đũa côn Type of taper roller bearing.
Timken -Timken roller bearing
ổ bi đũa dài Roller bearing with long thin rollers.
-Needle bearing
ổ bi giảm lực xuyên Bearing designed to absorb the radial forces
tâm trong bơm acting on a pump.
-Radial bearing

882 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 ổ gà trên mặt Deep hole in the surface of a road.
đường -Pothole
ổ khóa Device for closing something with a key to prevent
unauthorized entry.
-Lock
ổ lăn bánh xe The bearings in wheel hubs: ball bearings for
drive shafts and taper roller bearings for driven
hubs.
-Wheel bearings
ổ lót dẫn hướng In US English, it is spigot bearing.
-Pilot bearing
ở phía sau At the back.
-Rear
ô tô Automobile.
-Auto
ô tô điện bánh hơi Electrically powered public transport bus that
takes its power from overhead wires.
-Trolleybus
ô tô được sản xuất Car which is manufactured in great numbers
hàng loạt to a standard pattern and with extensive
mechanization.
-Mass-produced car
ô tô mui kín sáu Old designation of a four-door body style that
cửa features another small quarter window behind the
rear side doors, resulting in three side windows
per side or six windows overall.
-Six-light saloon
ốc chỉnh xú-páp Screw at the end of a rocker which bears on a
pushrod; used to tilt the rocker and thus adjust the
valve clearance.
-Valve adjusting screw

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 883

 ốc chỉnh trong Adjusting nut on a drum brake or clutch.
phanh trống hoặc -Star wheel
ly hợp
ốc đậy lỗ gíc-lơ Removable plug in a carburettor containing the jet.
-Jet carrier or jet head
ốc siết có long đền A preassembled fastener, consisting of any type
răng of screw or bolt, furnished with a toothed washer.
-Sem
ốc xả các-te dầu Short fat bolt for draining the sump (when
removed).
-Sump (drain) plug
ốc xả dầu ở các-te Sump drain plug.
-Oil drain plug
ốc xả gió Short, steel tube holding a thin rubber or plastic
tube used for bleeding hydraulic fluid.
-Nipple
ốc xả két nước Threaded closure plug located at the underside
of a radiator used to drain the coolant; usually
equipped with a hex or Allen head.
-Radiator drain plug
ôm kế Instrument designed for measuring electric
resistance.
-Ohmmeter
ống ra của bơm Pump discharge pipe.
-Outlet pipe
óng ánh nhiều màu Displaying a spectrum of glittering, shimmering
sắc colours; often changing as the position or angle
from which they are observed, changes.
-Iridescent
ống bô Last pipe of an exhaust system; tailpipe.
-Outlet

884 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 ống bọc ngoài để Tube fitted externally over two cylindrical parts in
nối hai ống order to joint them.
-Sleeve
ống bọc ngoài trục Sleeve which protects a shaft from erosion,
để chụp bụi corrosion, and wear at shaft seals.
-Shaft sleeve
ống cân bằng bộ In a twin carburetor layout, a pipe joining the inlet
chế hòa khí tracts or choke tubes of the two carburetors to
even out differences in flow.
-Balance pipe
ống cao su để gắn Tubular rubber sleeve for mounting a shaft or rod.
trục -Rubber bush
ống cao su mềm Rubber pipe connecting the radiator to the
dẫn cylinder block.
-Radiator hose
ống chân không Pipe which connects the inlet manifold to the
vacuum brake booster.
-Vacuum hose
ống chế hòa khí Part of a fixed jet carburetor, in which air is
introduced into the mixture through holes to help
atomize it and correct excessive richness at
higher engine speeds.
-Emulsion tube
ống chứa gíc-lơ Tube that houses the main jet in an SU carburettor.
chính -Jet tube
ống dẫn Passage in square-section or tubular form for
ventilation, heating or cables.
-Duct
ống dẫn dầu Oil pick-up pipe.
-Pick-up pipe

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 885

 ống dẫn dầu bôi Pipe or passage through which oil flows under
trơn pressure.
-Oil duct or oil passage or oil way
ống dẫn dầu phanh Flexible, reinforced high-pressure hose, used
to connect the fixed brake pipes to the brake
assemblies that move up and down with the
wheels.
-Brake hose
ống dẫn hướng dây Tube section bolted or spot-welded to a part of
cáp the body such as the floor pan for routing an
operating cable, e.g. for a bonnet release.
-Cable guide
ống dẫn khí hoặc Pipe hose or duct which conveys air or vacuum.
chân không -Air line
ống dẫn không khí Any passage conducting air, particularly for
(trên hệ thống điều heating and ventilation.
hòa) -Air duct
ống dẫn mềm dầu Pipe connecting the wheel cylinder to the rest of
phanh the system, which has to flex to allow for the up
and down movement of the wheel.
-Flexible brake pipe
ống dẫn nhiên liệu Tube leading down to the fuel tank.
xuống thùng -Fuel filler tube
ống dẫn nhớt về Pipe or tube from the strainer to the oil pump in
các-te từ lọc the sump.
-Oil pick-up (pipe)
ống đo áp suất và Tube for measuring the pressure and velocity of a
vận tốc dòng chảy fluid flow; in some CVTs, used in conjunction with
a valve arrangement to control ratio changes.
-Pitot tube

886 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 ống được bọc bố Usually rubber pipe covered in woven material or
braided wire, for fuel lines or brake hoses.
-Braided hose

ống giảm âm phía First section of the exhaust system from the
trước exhaust manifold to the silencer (or front silencer
where there are two).
-Front pipe

ống giảm chấn khí Rubber vessel or sleeve filled with compressed
gas or to act as a compression spring in air
suspensions.
-Air bellows

ống giảm sự va Simplified version of an impact absorber.

chạm -Impact pipe

ống giảm thanh In US English, it is silencer.

-Muffler

ống giữ que đo A tube locates on the engine block or gearbox,

mực dầu which holds the dipstick.
-Dipstick tube

ống góp A casting connecting a series of inlets or outlets to

a common opening.
-Manifold

ống góp hút Induction pipe.

-Intake pipe

ống góp thải First part of the exhaust system, usually made of
cast iron, and fixed directly to the cylinder head
over the gases and passes them to the down
pipe(s) connected to its outlet(s).
-Exhaust manifold

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 887

 ống góp thải loại tốt A special exhaust manifold, which is not made
of cast iron as usual, but of specially designed,
curved and welded steel tubes, to produce a
smooth flow path for the exhaust gases, avoiding
any sharp bends; less heavy, less sturdy and
more expensive than an ordinary manifold;
usually replaces the down pipe.
-High-performance manifold
ống hút Pipe on the suction side of a pumping system
leading from the suction tank to the pump.
-Suction line or pipe
ống kềm xú-páp Replaceable tubular sleeve through which the
stem of a valve passes; designed to keep the
valve in proper alignment and to absorb the lateral
forces on the valve stems as well as dissipating
the heat of the valve stem to the surrounding
cylinder head.
-Valve guide
ống kềm xú-páp lớn Valve guide with a slightly larger outside diameter
than the standard valve guide, used to repair worn
valve guides after their bores have been reamed.
-Oversize valve guides
ống kẹp định vị Parts such as a collar placed between two parts
to keep them the correct distance apart.
-Distance piece
ống không khí nóng Channel section incorporated into the side
để sưởi member or other structural sections that is
designed to provide a flow of warm into the interior
of the vehicle, above all into the footwells (e.g. as
used on the VW Beetle).
-Heater air pipe

888 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 ống khuếch tán A short tube with a constricted passage that
increases the velocity and lowers the pressure of
a fluid conveyed through it.
-Venturi (tube)
ống lót Brass tool used to drive bearing races, bushes,
etc. in and out.
-Brass punch
ống lót xú-páp Valve guide.
-Valve bushing
ống lót xi-lanh ướt Cylinder liner that is in direct contact with the
coolant. It is opposite to dry liner.
-Wet liner
ống lót xi-lanh Cylinder liner.
-Liner
ống lót xi-lanh khô Cylinder liner or sleeve which is not contact with
the coolant.
-Dry liner or sleeve.
ống mao dẫn Tube with a very small bore used for temperature
gauges.
-Capillary
ống mềm Flexible pipe.
-Hose
ống mở bu-gi Spanner for removing and installing sparking plugs;
come in a variety of shapes, e. g. with swivel or
T-handle, and many have rubber inserts to prevent
damage to the fragile insulating porcelain.
-Sparking plug spanner
ống nạp The duct, typically an alloy manifold, between
throttle and cylinder head; the absolute pressure
in the induction pipe, the so-called intake vacuum,
is indicative of engine load and is used to control
many engine related functions.
-Induction pipe

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 889

 ống nạp từ thùng .Pipe or hose on the intake side of a
component, through which a fluid is supplied
by gravity from a reservoir or tank located at
a higher level; e.g. from coolant expansion
tank to radiator, or from brake fluid reservoir
to master brake cylinder.
-Inlet line
ống nghe của thợ Sonoscope.
máy -Mechanic’s stethoscope.

ống nối Device for connecting two parts of different sizes,

especially an accessory for joining a socket and a
drive handle with different sizes drives.
-Adapter or adaptor
ống nối cổ pô Down pipe connecting the exhaust manifold to
the front of the silencer or to the connector pipe.
-Headpipe or header
ống phân phối Outlet pipe/ side.
-Delivery pipe/ side
ống phun sỏi Equipment used to hurl crushed stone at objects,
such as test panels, to test them for chipping
resistance.
-Gravel gun
ống pô Any pipe forming part of the exhaust system.
-Exhaust pipe
ống pô dọc hông xe Exhaust pipe running along the side of the car.
-Side pipe
ống pô thứ nhất First silencer in a two-silencer system.
-Resonator

890 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 ống roong Rubber or plastic strip inserted between two
removable panels, i.e. between a bolt-on wing and
the body, to cover up the joint and to prevent water
getting in; with the piping inserted, only the round
bead along the upper edge of the piping is visible.
-Piping
ống sấy sơn Heated tunnel through which body shells are
passed in painting lines, e.g. to dry their phosphate
coating.
-Tunnel drier or tunnel furnace
ống thải Exhaust port.
-Outlet
ống thoát Pipe to drain off excess fluid, e.g. between the
radiator and the coolant reserve tank, or in the float
chamber if the specified fuel level is substantially
exceeded due to a leaking needle valve.
-Overflow hose/ pipe
ống thông hơi Passage to the open air from an enclosed space,
especially the crankcase, to provide ventilation.
-Breather
ống thông hơi các- Crankcase breather pipe used prior to engine
te emission control systems to remove fumes and
pressure from the engine crankcase. In US
English, it is roaddraft tube.
-Oil breather pipe
ống thông hơi dầu In US English, it is oil breather pipe.
-Road-draft tube
ống thử khí động Tunnel-like chamber in which a current of air can
be maintained at a constant velocity and in which
motor vehicles (and aircraft, etc.) are tested to
determine their aerodynamic properties and the
effects of wind pressure.
-Win tunnel

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 891

 ống tích áp nhiên A pipe in a fuel system, which is mounted in head
liệu of the engine with injectors to lead high pressure
fuel to the injectors.
-High pressure fuel pipe

ống trục dịch Sleeve or collar moved along the main shaft
chuyển theo trục of a gearbox by a selector fork engaging in a
chính groove of its centre and having dog clutches at
either end.
-Coupling sleeve

ống tuýp Spanner in the form of a tube with one or two

hexagonal socket ends for fitting over nuts and
bolt heads, and with holes in the sides to accept
crossbar called a tommy bar.
-Box spanner

ống tuýp nối Nut driver with handle and tubular shank for
driving hexagon nuts and bolts.
-Tubular nut driver or spinner

ống uốn khúc bộ Exhaust pipe section including the elbow or U

giảm thanh around the rear axle.
-Kickup pipe

ống xả nước Passage or piece of tube which takes water away

from places in the bodywork where it tends to
accumulate, such as the edge of the sunroof.
-Drain

ống xông đường Flapper in the exhaust manifold that is closed

ống nạp when the engine is cold, causing hot exhaust
gases to heat the inlet manifold, thus providing
better cold engine operation; a thermostatic
spring opens the flapper when the engine
warms up.
-Heat riser

892 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 ô tô cỡ trung American car category which encompasses
practically all cars which would be considered
large outside the USA; some typical examples
are: Audi 100/200, BMW 7-series, Buick Regal,
Dodge Dynasty, Ford Taurus, Mazda 626,
Mercedes S-class (at least prior to 1991), Mercury
Cougar, Oldsmobile Cutlass, Pontiac 6000, Volvo
740/940.
-Mid-size car
ô tô cũ Old, cheap and well-worn car, which may however
still be serviceable.
-Banger
ô tô rất cũ A worn-out old car.
-Jalopy
oxit Chemical compound of oxygen with another
element.
-Oxide
oxit chì màu đỏ Poisonous, bright-red powder, soluble in excess
dùng để sơn lót glacial acetic acid and dilute hydrochloric acid;
used for corrosion protection.
-Red lead
oxit hóa anốt Process by which a hard, non-corroding oxide
layer is deposit on aluminium or light alloys.
-Anodizing
oxit nitơ Nitrogen oxides.
-Oxides of nitrogen
palađi White, ductile, malleable, noble metal of the
platinum family; atomic number 46, atomic weight
106.4: resembles platinum and together with
other platinum metals is used as a catalyst in
automotive exhaust converters.
-Palladium

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 893

 panme đo chiều Micrometer used for precise measuring of hole
sâu depths, recesses, keyways, and other depth
measurements.
-Depth micrometer
panme đo ngoài Micrometer for measuring external diameters.
-External micrometer.
panme Instrument for taking very small measurements,
such as measuring the width or thickness of very
thin pieces of metal, etc..
-Micrometer
panô phía sau The panel of the body shell set underneath the
bootlid; sometimes referred to as the rear valance
if the area below the bootlid consists of a single
panel only that extends down to the bottom of the
body; in many designs, however, the rear valance
is a separate horizontal panel that extends from
the rear bumper area downwards. In US English,
it is back panel.
-Rear panel
phá hỏng xe đến To damage a car beyond repair or, for insurance
mức không thể sửa purposes, so as to be not worth repairing.
-Write off
phá hỏng xe được A car damaged beyond repair or so badly
bảo hiểm đền damaged as to be not worth repairing for
insurance purposes.
-Write-off
pha loãng sơn In painting, it is to add thinners to a paint in order
to adjust the viscosity.
-Thin
phai màu sơn To discolour due to the formation of a thin film of
oxide, sulphide, or some other corrosion product..
-Tarnish

894 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 phần khung dưới The body shell panel directly below the front
kính trước windscreen; often incorporates the air inlet slots
for interior ventilation. In US English, it is cowl.
-Scuttle panel
phần áp suất cao Located between the compressor and expansion
valve or orifice tube; includes the condenser,
which is opposite to low side.
- High-pressure section
phần áp thấp của Side between the expansion valve or orifice tube
hệ thống điều hoà and the compressor; includes the evaporator.
nhiệt độ -Low-pressure section
phân bố lực phanh Distribution of braking effort between the front
giữa bánh trước và and rear wheels.
sau -Braking ratio
phần bọc xi-lanh External casing of a cylinder forming a separate
trong động cơ làm unit, especially of an air-cooled engine.
mát bằng gió -Cylinder barrel
phần còn lại của The panel left in place on the car to which a new
khung mục khi làm panel is welded after all the rusted metal has
đồng been cut out.
-Parent panel
phần còn lại của A strip of metal left on the edges after the bulk of a
tấm kim loại panel has been cut out; this strip is then removed
carefully to ensure that the flanges to avoid cutting
out excessive material.
-Sheet metal remains
phần cuối lò xo Coils at the end of a spring which are closer
together.
-Close coils
phần đáy Lowest point.
-Bottom

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 895

 phần dây nối mass Return part of an electrical circuit, provided by an
của mạch điện earth connection.
-Earth return
phần động lực của Configuration of engine, gearbox and driven
xe axle(s).
-Drive layout
phần gân Panel with fairly shallow strengthening humps
that are, however, deeper than normal stiffening
ribs, e.g. in floor pans featuring beaded or offset
areas.
-Castle section
phân khối Usual unit of measure for the capacity of an
engine, almost always abbreviated to cc.
-Cubic centimeter
phần không có ren The part of a bolt between the head and the
trên thân bu-lông thread.
-Shank
phần khung để gắn Housing for a gauge mounted behind the steering
tableau sau tay lái wheel.
-Pod
phần khung trước Panel joining the front wings and forming a
đầu xe mounting for the headlamps, grille and air ducts
into the engine compartment, which is often
identical with the front apron where no separate
apron is fitted below the front panel.
-Front panel
phân loại động cơ Type of engine, with reference to the arrangement
of its cylinders and their number (as in a flat four,
V-twin or straight eight).
-Engine layout

896 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 phân loại khả năng Index of load-carrying capacity, giving the
chịu tải của vỏ xe maximum permitted load for a tyre.
-Ply rating (PR)
phản lực tay lái Sharp and rapid movements of the steering wheel
as the front wheels encounter obstruction in the
road; the shocks of these encounter ‘kick back’ to
the steering wheel.
-Steering kickback
phần ngoài ngọn The outer area of an oxyacetylene flame
lửa hàn surrounding the inner cone and the flame feather.
-Sheath flame
phần nhô của trục Raised area on a shaft to hold it in position,
phía gắn ổ bi usually against a bearing.
-Collar
phần nối từ bướm Of induction system usually a large cast alloy
ga đến lỗ hút body which connects the throttle body or inlet
tube to the cylinder head(s) or inlet manifold.
-Plenum chamber
phần phía trước Front, visible or working surface of a part (such as
a valve) or a tool (such as a hammer).
-Face
phần phía trước Front section of car bodies that use one single
đầu xe structure to make up the front end, i.e. including
the radiator grille surround, both wings, front
apron, etc.
-Front nose section
phần quay của bơm Rotating element of a Root supercharger.
tăng áp kiểu Root -Rotor
phần quay của cảm Moving part of a pulse generator. It is opposite to
biến điện từ stator.
-Rotor

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 897

 phần quay của máy Rotating part of an electrical machine, such as
điện the armature of a starter motor.
-Rotor
phần răng của bánh The V-shaped toothed section of a worm-and-
vít trong hộp lái section steering box.
-Quadrant
phần sứ dưới điện The end of a sparking plug insulator, nearest the
cực giữa bu-gi electrode.
-Tip
phần thân bu-gi Metal body of the sparking plug which encloses
the lower part of the insulator.
-Sparking plug shell
phần thắt lại của When ductile test specimens are subjected to a
vật mẫu khi thử sức tensile test, they exhibit necking when the tensile
căng force exceeds the yield strength of the material;
necking results in a reduction of area, measured
in percent after break of the specimen.
-Necking
phần tiếp xúc vỏ xe Parts of a tyre in contact with the road surface.
với mặt đường -Contact patch
phần tĩnh trong The stationary windings in which electric current
máy phát điện is generated; located between drive end and slip-
ring end fittings, consisting of a stator frame with
windings in three circuits to generate three-phase
current which is then rectified by diodes.
-Stator
phần tử lấy nhiệt Heat removing component, such as the fins on an
air-cooled cylinder.
-Heat sink
phân tử lớn Any very large molecule, such as a synthetic
polymer used in the manufacture of plastic.
-Macromolecule

898 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 phần tựa lưng The backrest of a seat.
-Squab
phản ứng của dung Initial chemical reaction between phosphating
dịch tẩy với bề mặt solutions and metal surface in phosphate
kim loại treatment.
-Pickling attack
phần ứng máy điện Coil or coils of wire around a metal core in which
electric current is induced in a generator, or in
which the input current interacts with a magnetic
field to produce torque in a motor.
-Armature
phản ứng phần Reactions in the drive train or, in FWD vehicles, in
động lực the steering, due to sudden load alteration.
-Load alteration effect
phần uốn khúc Irregular shaped part of the leading edge of the
rear quarter panel of a four-door saloon along the
wheel cutout and up to the waistline.
-Dogleg section
phần vỏ chữ T cầu T-shaped extrusion of the rear axle casing to take
sau up forward thrust of the driven axle.
-Torque arm
phân xưởng sơn Production stage in an automobile manufacturing
plant during which the bodywork is treated with
paint.
-Paint shop
phanh bằng chân Main braking system operated by the foot pedal.
-Foot brake
phanh bị đâm Shooting brake.
-Brake
phanh bị đâm sang Pulling to left or right as a result of uneven braking
trái hoặc sang phải effort.
-Brake pulling

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 899

 phanh chân Foot-operated brake used for retarding, stopping
and controlling the vehicle during normal driving
conditions.
-Service brake
phanh có trợ lực Braking system that uses hydraulic or vacuum or
atmospheric pressure to provide most of the force
required for braking.
-Power brakes (pb)
phanh đặt bên Located Brakes mounted on the inner end of drive
trong shafts rather than at the wheel hub.
-Inboard brakes or discs
phanh đĩa Brake in which brake pads, in a vice-like caliper
which is either mounted on the hub in order to
slow it down or to stop it.
-Disc brake
phanh đĩa bốn bánh Disc brakes fitted to both front and rear wheels.
-Four-wheel disc brakes
phanh đĩa với Floating-frame disc brake in which the floating
khung treo frame is held by a casting which is bolted to the
steering knuckle or other suspension parts.
-Mounting frame
phanh điều chỉnh Sleeve on the end of the tie rod which shortens or
góc chụm lengthens it to increase or reduce toe-out.
-Adjusting sleeve
phanh động cơ Retarding effect of an engine when the vehicle is
in gear with the throttle closed, i.e. on the overrun,
which is increased by changing to a lower gear.
-Engine brake
phanh đột ngột To come on suddenly when the brake pedal is
pressed.
-Grab

900 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 phanh được phân Dual-circuit braking system in which one circuit
chia hai mạch brakes the front axle only, the other circuit brakes
the rear axle only.
-Front-axle/ rear-axle split
phanh hơi Brake mechanism in which compressed air acting
on a piston or diaphragm is used to apply the
brakes; mainly found in commercial vehicles.
-Air brake
phanh không trợ Drum brake design; each brake shoe is anchored,
lực therefore no one shoe can assist in the application
of the other; one shoe is self-energizing, the other
is not.
-Non-servo brake
phanh ly hợp Device for slowing down the clutch plate and
hence the gears on the input shaft in order to
enable faster and quieter engagement of gears.
-Clutch brake
phanh phụ Secondary braking system which comes to
operation when the main braking system fails.
-Emergency brake
phanh tay Brake operated by a hand lever.
-Handbrake
phanh trống Brake in which curved brake shoes press against
the inner circumference of a metal drum to
produce the braking action.
-Drum brake
phanh trống bánh Typical brake system layout in less expensive
sau cars.
-Front disc/ rear drum brakes
phanh trống với A drum brake in which the shoes are arranged so
tang này đẩy tang that one shoe helps to apply the other, to create a
kia self-energizing effect in both shoes.
-Servo brake

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 901

 phao Hollow metal or plastic body that floats on a
liquid and operates a valve or a rheostat, as in
a carburettor, where it is used to maintain the
correct fuel level, or in a fuel for the fuel gauge.
-Float

phát ra To produce.
-Generate

phát xạ ô nhiễm từ Passing toxic substances into the atmosphere.

khí xả -Emission

phe Fastening device made of an incomplete circle of

spring steel, e.g. for covers.
-Spring clip

phế liệu Scrap.

-Junk

phễu Orifice into which a liquid such as oil or petrol can

be poured.
-Filler

phí bảo hiểm Regular payment for an insurance policy.

-Insurance premium

phí bảo hiểm ô tô Insurance against damage to or damage caused

hai chiều by a vehicle.
-Motor insurance

phí lưu hành Extra charges, in addition to the list price of a new
car, to cover delivery, numberplates and road
fund licence (tax disc).
-On-the-road charges

phía bên hông ren Side of a screw thread, rising from the bottom of
vít the groove to the top of the ridge.
-Flank

902 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 phía bên thải Side of the engine where the exhaust valves and
exhaust manifold are situated.
-Exhaust side
phía sau The back.
-Rear
phía trước Front seats of a car.
-Front
phía xe lề đường The side of a vehicle nearest the kerb (when
driving).
-Nearside
phích cắm Male electrical connector.
-Plug
phiến giắc nối Plain metal tongue for forming electrical
connections.
-Blade connector
phiếu bảo hành Formal written declaration of good quality by the
manufacturer of an article, including an agreement
to repair or replace it if it is found to be defective
within a certain period of time.
-Warranty
phiếu phạt đỗ xe Written fine for a parking offence.
không đúng chỗ -Parking ticket
phin lọc Device on the low side of an air-conditioning
system, usually at the evaporator outlet on the
bulk-head which store excess refrigerant; it
consists of a tank, a filter, a drying agent and a
vapour return tube.
-Accumulator-drier
phin lọc máy nén Air transformer.
-Oil and water extractor

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 903

 phong cách lái xe Manner in which one handles a car.
-Driving style
phong cách lái xe Includes taking corners fast, braking and
thể thao accelerating hard, using high revs in every gear
and changing down before corners.
- Sporty driving style
phòng cấp bằng lái Section of the Department of Transport
responsible for keeping records of all registered
vehicles, and issuing registrations and licenses
for vehicles as well as driving licenses for
drivers.
-Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency
(DVLA)
phòng chẩn đoán Part of a garage or workshop where diagnostic
hư hỏng testing is under-taken.
- Diagnostic centre
phóng điện To lose or give out electric current from a battery.
-Discharge
phóng ra từ lề To drive away from the side of a road.
đường -Pull out
phòng sấy chậm Closed section in painting lines in a paint shop, in
which coats of paint are dried at low temperatures.
-Low-bake booth
phòng sấy sơn Paint drier with heating elements below the
stoving line.
-A-drier
phòng sấy sơn lót Painting line oven used to dry the coats of primer.
-Primer oven
phòng sơn Closed section in a painting line in which coats of
paint are applied.
-Paint booth

904 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 phòng tạo điều Test chamber for simulating tropical and subtropical
kiện ẩm ướt để thử conditions.
nghiệm -Humidity chamber
phốt Synthetic rubber seal with a single lip used for
sealing hydraulic and pneumatic pistons.
-Cup seal
phớt chặn dầu ở Any seal that prevents the leakage of oil but
đuôi xú-páp especially the valve stem seal between the valve
and the cylinder head.
-Oil seal
phớt chặn nhớt Radial shaft seal.
trục ngang -Lip seal with garter spring
phốt đầu trục Seal that stops fluid under pressure leaking past
a rotating or reciprocating shaft or rod.
-Gland
phốt đuôi xú-páp Valve stem seal between the valve and cylinder
head.
-Stem seal
phốt làm kín trục Typical seal design used to prevent leaks between
quay stationary parts and rotating shafts and to exclude
foreign matter.
-Radial shaft seal
phốt xú-páp Valve stem seal.
-Valve guide seal
phốt trục Seal used to prevent leaks between stationary
parts and rotating shafts and to exclude foreign
matter.
-Shaft seal
phủ các lỗ để To coat a surface (e.g. when undersealing a car)
chống ăn mòn by closing the pores of the anodic oxide layer in
order to increase the resistance to staining and its
effectiveness against corrosion.
-Seal

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 905

 phủ crôm Conversion coating produced by chromating.
-Chromate coating
phụ gia cho vào Substance added (as to a paint or varnish) to
sơn để lớp sơn harden the film.
cứng -Hardener
phụ gia chống kích Oxygen-enriched fuels or anti-knock additives.
nổ -Oxygenates
phụ gia đẩy nhanh Material or mixture added to an accelerated curing
quá trình lưu hoá system to enhance the effect of the vulcanization
accelerator in tyre production.
-Activator
phụ gia làm chậm Additive to decrease the evaporation rate of
bốc hơi chất pha a thinner or reducer in paint; used to improve
sơn viscosity in hot weather.
-Retarder
phù kế device for checking electrolyte density in a battery,
and hence its state of charge.
-Electrolyte tester
phủ kẽm bằng To apply a zinc coating by hot dipping.
nhúng nóng -Hot-dip galvanize
phủ kẽm lên thép Corrosion protection process in which steel is
chống ăn mòn coated with phosphate using a zinc phosphate
solution at 90oC.
-Atramentizing
phụ kiện Additional items of equipment which can be fitted
to a vehicle or used with a basic tool.
-Accessories
phủ kim loại To coat or impregnate a metal or non-metal
surface with metal, as by metal spraying or by
vacuum evaporation.
-Metallize

906 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 phủ lớp photphat Application of extremely heavy phosphate
dày coatings.
-Heavy phosphating
phủ lớp sơn lót cho To apply underseal.
gầm xe -Underseal
phủ nhôm Alloy wheel.
-Aluminium wheel
phủ nhôm bằng Deposition of aluminium coatings by hot dipping.
nhúng nóng -Hot-dip aluminizing
phủ nhựa To mould plastic material around something.
-Outline
phủ sáp để chống Coating which temporarily protects a work from
ăn mòn corrosion, e.g. during shipment.
- Wax coating to resist corrosion
phủ sơn To apply a layer of usually liquid material.
-Coat
phủ sơn lót To apply primer.
-Prime
phụ tùng Component.
-Part
phụ tùng dùng Parts or components which are identical in various
chung models of a car family, such as those used on
a saloon and its convertible derivative; typical
shared components are body panels, suspension
components, brakes.
-Shared component
phụ tùng máy Spare part.
-Spare
phụ tùng mới cho New genuine spares for older models, referring
xe cũ mostly to spare parts that are normally no longer
produced.
-New-old-stock part.

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 907

 phục hồi động cơ Engine reassembled using either new parts or
reconditioned components.
-Rebuilt engine
phun To introduce a fluid (into something) under
pressure.
-Inject (with)
phun đơn điểm Single Point Injection.
-SPI
phun nhiên liệu Indicating that the engine is fuel-injected injection
(GTi, EFi, 1.6i ).
-Injection
phun sơn In an automotive context, painting usually means
spray painting.
- spray paint
phun sơn bằng áp Spraying process in which the coating material is
lực not atomized by a stream of air, but is subjected
to high pressure, which causes it to pass through
a jet or nozzle allowing it to be atomized and
projected.
-Airless spraying
phun sơn lại A coat (or several coats) of paint to the existing
finish. It is notoriously difficult to match the
colour of a resprayed panel to that of the original
paintwork.
-Respray
phun sơn nóng Spray process in which paint is preheated in a paint
container so that its viscosity is reduced and it can
be atomized without being diluted with a solvent.
-Hot spraying
phun sơn với nhiều Spraying method in which the paint is diluted with
dung môi so much solvent evaporating after painting.
-Cold spraying

908 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 phun trực tiếp Direct injection .
-Solid injection
phun trực tiếp tốc High Speed Direct Injection.
độ cao -HSDI
phun tuần tự Sequential fuel injection.
-Timed fuel injection
phun xăng đơn Port Fuel Injection.
điểm -PFI
phun xăng trên Throttle Body Injection.
bướm ga -TBI
phuộc nhún một Single-tube shock absorber.
ống -Monotube damper or shock absorber
phương pháp chế Method of producing thermoplastic inlet manifolds.
tạo ống góp hút -Lost-core technique
bằng nhựa
phương pháp điện Method by which chemical reactions are carried
phân out by passage of electric current through a
solution of an electrolyte or through a molten salt,
e.g. in a starter battery.
-Electrolysis
phương pháp đúc Casting method using foamed plastic cores,
dùng lõi nhựa bọt giving the surface of the casting the appearance
of styrofoam; used for engine blocks.
-Lost-foam casting (process)
phương pháp Izod Impact resistance test in which the specimen is
để kiểm tra độ cứng held as a vertical cantilever beam and is broken
by a single swing of a pendulum, with the line
of initial contact at a fixed distance from the
specimen clamp and from the centreline of the
notch and on the same face as the notch.
-Izod method or test

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 909

 phương pháp kết Method of joining two parts together with an
dính adhesive.
-Bon-bonding method
phương pháp kiểm Test method for the determination of indentation
tra độ cứng nhựa hardness of nonrigid plastics.
-Shore hardness (test)
phương pháp kiểm Non-Destructive Testing.
tra không phá hủy -NDT
phương pháp mạ Hot-dip galvanizing method in which the metal
khô components are first immersed in a solution
of flux and then dried, so that they become
precoated with a thin film of flux, which melts in
the zinc bath, to which certain metals, such as tin
and aluminium, may be added to give fluidity, and
in the case of tin, brightness.
-Dry galvanizing
phương pháp Non-destructive testing method, such as ultrasonic
nghiên cứu không testing, X-ray testing, dye-penetrant testing.
phá hủy -NDT Method
phương pháp sửa New repair process using a special adhesive to
thùng xe glue body panels in place instead of spot-welding
them.
-Panel bonding
phương pháp xác Determination of the softening temperature of
định nhiệt độ hoá plastics.
mềm Vicat -Vicat test method
pin An electrolytic cell for generating electric energy;
rechargeable by sending a current through it in
the opposite direction to the discharging current.
-Storage cell
pin chỉ báo Battery charge indicator.
-Battery state indicator

910 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 pin cục bộ Galvanic cell resulting from differences in potential
between adjacent areas on the surface of a metal
immersed in an electrolyte.
-Local cell
pin điện Cell which converts chemical energy into electrical
energy by irreversible chemical reactions.
-Galvanic cell
pin không sạc Electric cell that converts chemical energy into
được electrical energy in an irreversible process; unlike
a secondary cell, it cannot be recharged.
-Primary cell
pin năng lượng mặt A panel-shaped array of photovoltaic cells designed
trời to transform solar radiant energy directly into electric
energy; installed on car roofs, they can be used to
recharge the batteries of electric-powered cars.
-Solar generator
pin nạp được Storage battery.
-Secondary battery
pin sạc Storage battery.
-Rechargeable battery
pin thường Non-rechargeable battery consisting of one or more
primary cells, used e.g. in portable radio receivers. It
is opposite to secondary/storage battery.
-Primary battery
pít-tông The reciprocating element in a reciprocating
piston engine.
-Piston
pít-tông bộ giảm Piston in a cylinder whose movement is restricted
xóc by a liquid or gas, which thus also restricts the
movement of another member to which it is
connected.
-Damper piston

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 911

 pít-tông chính Main piston in a tandem master cylinder.
-Primary piston
pít-tông có bậc An obsolete design of two-stroke pistons; the
diameter of the lower part of the piston was larger
than the top diameter; it ran in a similarly stepped
bore and was said to give better compression of
the incoming mixture.
-Stepped piston
pít-tông có khe một Precursor of the modern solid piston skirt, with a
bên narrow slot in one side of the piston to allow for
expansion.
-Split skirt piston
pít-tông con đội Hydraulic tappet component (e.g. in a valve).
thủy lực -Plunger
pít-tông dạng chìm Any immersing type of piston.
-Plunger
pít-tông đầu bằng Piston with a crown which is flat and not domed.
-Flat-top (ped) piston
pít-tông đầu dẫn Now obsolete piston design, featuring a profiled
hướng khí quét crown intended to help direct the incoming fresh
mixture upwards to expel the burnt exhaust gas
from the cylinder.
-Deflector piston
pít-tông đầu vát Piston design with a sloping, pent-roof shaped
nghiêng piston crown to improve the flow of the fuel/ air
mixture and to increase engine compression.
-Pent crown piston
pít-tông giảm chấn Small damper piston in an SU or Stromberg
chế hoà khí carburettor which attenuates the movement of the
large air piston in the venturi.
-Piston damper

912 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 pít-tông hợp kim Alloy piston.
nhẹ -Light-alloy piston
pít-tông hợp kim Piston made primarily of aluminium.
nhôm -Alloy piston
pít-tông rơ-le cài Piston in a starter solenoid.
khớp máy khởi -Plunger
động
pít-tông số hai Secondary piston.
-Floating piston
pít-tông thứ cấp (In tandem master cylinder) floating piston which
trong xi-lanh cái hai isolates the two braking circuits from each other
tầng and actuates the secondary circuit.
-Secondary piston
pít-tông trong mạch Piston which cause its respective clutch (es),
dầu thuỷ lực band or multi-disc brakes to be applied by
converting fluid pressure into mechanical force
and movement.
-Operating piston
pít-tông hình bầu Special piston developed by Honda, able to
dục accommodate eight valves and two sparking
plugs.
-Oval piston
pít-tông xi- lanh lên Piston with a diameter slightly larger than that
cốt of the standard piston, used in order to allow for
honing of the cylinder walls.
-Oversize piston
prôpan Colourless, flammable gas used for cooking,
heating and as a fuel.
-Propane
puli cam Pulley on the end of the camshaft for the camshaft
drive belt.
-Camshaft pulley

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 913

 puli căng đai Free-turning, spring-loaded idler used to tension
the timing belt.
-Jockey pulley or wheel
puli căng đai dẫn Spring-loaded jockey pulley or idler pulley
động trục cam designed to take up the slack in the timing belt.
-Timing belt tensioner
puli chữ V Pulley with a pair of adjustable cup-shaped discs,
used on belt transmissions, to permit adjustment of
the effective pulley diameter and transmission ratio.
-V-pulley
puli chữ V dẫn A pulley which is driven by the via a clutch; one
động thông qua ly of its halves can be slid hydraulically, thus varying
hợp the diameter of the steel thrust belt track and
changing the transmission ratio.
-Primary V-pulley
puli dẫn động Pulley round which a belt passes for transmitting
power.
-Drive pulley
puli ròng rọc Wheel with a grooved rim to carry a belt, chain
or rope.
-Pulley
puli tăng đai tự Free-turning pulley or wheel which serves to
động maintain tension in a belt drive.
-Idler.
Spring-loaded pulley designed to maintain the
tension of the timing belt.
-Idler pulley
puli trục khuỷu Pully on the nose of the crankshaft which may
be toothed for use with a cogged belt for driving
the crankshaft, or recessed to accept a v-belt,
or slotted to take a ribbed belt for driving the
alternator or dynamo plus sometimes the fans
and water pump, it may also carry timing marks.
-Crankshaft pully

914 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 puli quạt làm mát Pulley on the hub of the radiator fan on which its
driving belt runs.
-Fan pulley
quá dày sơn Paint thickly coated.
-Heavy
quả ly tâm đánh lửa One of the weights used in a centrifugal advance
sớm mechanism.
-Distributor weight
quá trình a-nốt hoá Anodizing process in which the colour is produced
để tạo màu by using special electrolytes.
-Integral colour anodizing
quá trình cứng sơn Process of a paint becoming hard.
-Hardening
quá trình điều chỉnh Process by which the thickness of hot-dip
bề dày lớp phủ galvanized coating on steel strips can be
regulated, allowing the application of coatings
of different thicknesses on the two sides of
steel strips.
-Jet process
quá trình doa Precision machining process used to resurface
bores and shafts.
-Honing
quá trình kết tụ của Process in which zinc vapour is deposited in a
hơi kẽm vacuum on the pieces being worked on (ZVD).
-Zinc vapour deposition
quá trình làm khô Process of drying or curing a paint coating by the
lớp sơn bằng nhiệt application of heat; immediately after stoving, the
paint film is still soft, taking some time to harden.
-Stoving
quá trình lắp ráp The process or result of putting together a number
of components.
-Assembly

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 915

 quá trình nung Thermal process which gives improved adhesion
trước khi mạ to hot-dip galvanized steel sheets izing.
-Galvannealing
quá trình quét khí Method of scavenging used on two-stroke
kín trong động cơ motorcycle engines.
hai kỳ -Loop scavenging
quá trình xử lí bằng Treatment of metal with a solution of a chromium
mạ crôm compound to produce a protective coating of
metal chromate.
-Chromate treatment
quả trượt búa Functional part of a sliding hammer that provides
the inertia required for the pulling force.
-Sliding weight
quả văng Weight such as that in a centrifugal advance
mechanism which is thrown outwards by
centrifugal force as speed increases.
-Flyweight
quả văng đánh lửa Either of the two weights in a centrifugal advance
sớm ly tâm mechanism.
-Advance weight
quan tâm đến môi Aware of dangers and threats to the environment
trường and taking appropriate action to avoid them.
-Environment-conscious
quãng đường Distance required for a vehicle to come to rest
phanh from the point where the brakes are first applied.
-Braking distance
quanh điểm hoà khí Narrow range (where lambda = 1), which yields
lý tưởng the lowest emission values for CO, NOx, and HC.
-Lambda window
quạt giàn sưởi Electric fan to boost heating and ventilation.
-Heater fan or blower

916 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 quạt gió giàn lạnh Fan for an interior heating and ventilation system,
or more rarely for an air-cooled engine.
-Blower
quạt làm mát In a water-cooled engine, crankshaft-driven fan
is connected via a temperature-sensitive viscous
coupling, or driven by an electric motor.
-Radiator fan
quạt làm mát động Type of air cooling where a blower is responsible
cơ for transporting the amount of air required for the
cooling of the engine past the cooling fins, which
in turn dissipate the heat stored in them to the
current of air flowing past them.
-Fan cooling
quạt làm mát két Large and powerful fan on an air cooled engine,
nước usually of the axial flow type, driven via a v-belt
from the engine crankshaft, with supplies a
large volume of cooling air to the cooling fins
of the engine, and adds significantly to engine
noise.
-Cooling fan
quay vòng thiếu To turn less sharply than the driver intends.
-Understeer
quay vòng thiếu do Understeer caused by roll when cornering.
lăn -Roll understeer
quay vòng thừa To turn more sharply than the driver intends
(possibly causing the rear of the vehicle to slide
wide).
-Oversteer
quay vòng thừa do Oversteer caused by roll when cornering. It is
lăn opposite to roll understeer.
-Roll oversteer

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 917

 quay xe bằng cách 180o turn achieved by applying the handbrake
tăng tốc và kéo (acting on the rear wheels) hard when the vehicle
phanh tay is starting to turn.
-Handbrake turn
que đo A measuring sensor, usually long and thin to gain
access to narrow cavities.
-Probe
que hàn Welding electrode supplied in individual lengths.
-Welding rod
que hàn MIG MIG welding, welding electrode fed into the
handset from a reel.
-Welding wire
que thăm dầu Threaded plug in the side of a gearbox or rear
axle to determine if sufficient oil has been used
during filling.
-Level plug
quét khí thải trong To clear away, particularly to expel exhaust
động cơ hai kỳ gas from a cylinder and to fill the cylinder with
fresh charge. These processes take place
simultaneously in a two-stroke engine.
-Scavenge
quét tần số để dò Button which, when pressed, causes the tuner to
đài scan the frequencies of the preset waveband for
stations with sufficient signal strength.
-Frequency scan button
qui trình hàn hơi Process in which a very high temperature flame
is produced by blowing gas through an electric
arc; metal wire or powder is melted by passage
through the flame and is projected on the surface
to be coated.
-Plasma spray process

918 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 qui trình kiểm tra Test which has been made quicker, by leaving out
nhanh giản lược or shortening certain items.
-Accelerated test procedure
qui trình mạ điện Continuous strip galvanizing process, named
Sendzimir after its inventor.
-Sendzimir process
quỹ đạo các ốc bắt The circumference on which the centres of the
bánh xe wheel bolt holes are located.
-Pitch circle (PC)
quy trình kiểm tra Method of testing automotive emissions simulating
khí thải Mỹ typical driving conditions.
-Federal Test Procedure (FTP)
rà To fit together.
-Mate
rà lại đế xú-páp General term for reconditioning of the interface
between valves and their seats in the cylinder
head; depending on valve seat condition, refacing
may involve lapping, grinding or cutting.
-Reface
rà ly hợp To operate the clutch so that it partially disengages,
as when keeping up the revs when driving off;
causes wear on the clutch.
-Slip the clutch
rã máy To separate into several parts.
-Break
rã xe lấy phụ tùng (US) To break up for spares.
-Part out
răng bánh răng Indentation on the edge of a gearwheel.
-Gear tooth
răng cong Curved gear teeth on the edge of a gear-wheel,
cut at an angle to its axis.
-Helical teeth

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 919

 răng hoặc ren thô Construction of a gear or screw thread with
relatively wide gaps between the teeth or threads.
-Coarse pitch
răng lẻ trên bánh Extra, odd tooth on a gear wheel, designed
răng để giảm mòn to ensure the same teeth so not always mesh
together, thus reducing wear.
-Hunting tooth
răng nhỏ dẫn động When a small gear wheel is driven by a large one.
bằng răng lớn -High-geared
rãnh A narrow channel or aperture, especially the
groove in the head of a screw which receives the
tip of the blade of a screwdriver.
-Slot
rãnh chụp đuôi đèn Socket with either twin contacts or a single contact
and j-shaped slots on either side to receive the
pins of the bulb.
-Bayonet fitting or socket
rãnh dẫn dầu bôi Recess designed to either accommodate or
trơn để bôi trơn transport lubricant.
-Oil groove
rãnh đặt bạc trên Cylindrical recess that accommodates a number
trục bơm of rings of packing around the shaft or shaft sleeve
(pump). It is also called stuffing box.
-Packed gland
rãnh đặt kính Window channel.
-Glass channel
rãnh điều chỉnh ghế Tracks onto which front seat assemblies are
ngồi mounted to provide fore and aft seat adjustment.
-Seat rail or seat runner
rãnh đút chìa khóa Slot cut into a component which accepts the key
(b) of another component to ensure such a tight fit
that the two components operate as one.
-Keyway

920 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 rãnh lõm niềng xe Well-base rim.
-Drop-centre rim
rãnh nước Channel at the edge of a road to carry rain water.
-Gutter
rãnh ren The space between thread ridges.
-Groove
rãnh thoát nước Moulding running along either side of the roof,
functioning as a gutter to take water to the front
or rear of the car, and prevent it from dripping into
the car when the door is opened.
-Drip moulding
rãnh thông gió làm Gaps in the wheel disc which allow the passage
mát phanh of air to assist brake cooling.
-Vent(ilation) slot
rãnh trong của ổ bi Inner track of a ball bearing.
-Inner race
rãnh van lốp xe Tube-type tyres require a valve slot instead of a
valve hole to allow the tyre valve to be removed
from the rim; a thread adaptor is moulded to a
circular rubber patch vulcanized to the inner tube;
the valve stem casing is then screwed into the
tube adaptor.
-Valve slot
rãnh vào của cánh Inlet area of an impeller (pump).
bơm -Impeller eye
rãnh xéc-măng Smooth, open area of a (grooved) surface, such
as the bands of metal between the grooves in a
piston which carry the piston rings.
-Land
rãnh xoắn ốc The form of helical screw on the shaft of a starter
motor.
-Bendix screw

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 921

 rế bi đũa Cage containing the rollers in a roller bearing.
-Roller cage
ren ngoài Thread consisting of projecting ridges on the
outside of a part such as a bolt or screw (which
fits into the corresponding internal thread of a nut
or similar), also called male thread.
-External thread
ren ăn khớp Thread which engages with a corresponding
thread, such as the female and male threads of
a nut and bolt.
-Mating thread
ren hệ mét One of two commonly used screw threads.
-Metric thread
rèn kim loại To shape (metal) when hot by hammering or
similar mechanical action.
-Forge
ren ngoài External thread.
-Class a-thread
ren ngược Thread which will accept a nut turned
anticlockwise.
-Left-hand thread
ren tam giác Triangular screw thread.
-V -thread
ren thiếu Thread with incomplete thread profile.
-Incomplete thread
ren thuận Thread which will accept a nut turned clockwise.
-Right-hand thread
rìa bao Strip material turned over along the edge of a
carpet or mat.
-Binding.

922 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 rò đánh lửa ở cực (Sparking plug) short circuit at the firing end,
bu-gi caused by electrically conductive deposits.
-Shunt firing or shunting.
rơ-le Electrical device in which a small change in
current or voltage controls the switching on or off
of circuits or other devices.
-Relay
rơ-le ngắt dòng Circuit-breaker, especially one in the charging
điện ngược circuit of a dynamo, whose points open when the
dynamo output is less than the battery voltage, so
that the battery does not drain into the dynamo.
-Cut-out
rơ-le tự động Automatic device which controls the setting of a
valve, switch, etc. by means of an electric motor,
solenoid, or pneumatic mechanism.
-Relay
rơ-moóc Assembly of four wheels on two axles with
common suspension, usually on heavy
commercial vehicles and trailers.
-Bogie
rơ-moóc chỉ có Type of trailer that only has wheels at the rear, the
bánh sau front being supported by the towing vehicle.
-Semi trailer
rô-to Any component which rotates.
-Rotor
rô-tuyn One of the transverse bars connecting the steering
system to the steering arms; the link between the
drop arm and the steering-knuckle arm. It is also
called tie rod.
-Track rod
rô-tuyn thanh nối Generally, any connecting rod or bar, usually
under tension.
-Tie rod

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 923

 rơ-le có mạch trễ A relay which responds to a signal with a certain
delay.
-Time delay relay
rơ-le điều khiển kim Fuel injection component which operates the
phun khởi động cold-start valve intermittently to improve starting
lạnh when the engine is hot; installed in the cold-start
valve circuit in some CIS-equipped engines.
-Hot-start pulse relay
roong búi dây để Rubber or plastic ring round a hole in metal (to
bảo vệ dây khi đi protect a cable or pipe).
qua lỗ -Grommet
roong cửa Moulding between the door trim panel and the
window glass.
-Door capping
roong kính Moulded rubber strip for mounting windscreens
and other fixed glass.
-Glazing strip
roong lỏng Room temperature vulcanizing gasket sealer
(from a tube).
-Liquid gasket
roong quy lát Gasket locatted between the cylinder block and
cylinder head to seal the combustion chamber
and to prevent compression and coolant leaks,
usually more than one material.
-Cylinder head gasket
rô-to cảm biến điện Rotor of a magnetic pick-up integrated into the
từ distributor, with as many teeth as the engine has
cylinders.
-Ttrigger wheel.
rô-to cảm biến điện Rotating part of the pick-up assembly, in the form
từ loại nam châm of a drum with ferrite rods embedded vertically in
quay the outer edge, used instead of a trigger wheel.
-Timing rotor

924 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 rô-to cảm biến Hall Hall generator, rotor with an outer ring interrupted
by one or several Hall windows, depending on its
purpose.
- Rotor sensor Hall
rô-to của bơm ly A centrifugal pump assembly consisting of
tâm the pump shaft, impeller and further rotating
components, such as rotating bearing and shaft
sealing parts.
-Pump rotor
rô-to tín hiệu trong Trigger wheel.
cảm biến điện từ -Timer core
rô-to bánh răng Magnetic pick-up assembly.
trong cảm biến điện -Reluctor
từ
rung động Unevenness in the power output of an engine
caused by: irregular fuel supply due to the clog
ging of a filter or a main jet, or to too lean an air/
fuel mixture.
-Surge
rung động ở tốc độ To move jerkily especially at high speed, making
cao only irregular contact.
-Chatter
rung xóc To shake or vibrate.
-Judder
ruột bánh xe Inflatable rubber tube inside a tyre. Note, it is
nearly all modern tyres are tubeless.
-Inner tube
ruột bộ lọc Replaceable porous part of some oil and most air
filters, made of paper, felt or fine wire mesh.
-Filter cartridge or element
ruột xe Inner tube.
-Tube

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 925

 rượu Metanol Used in petrol/ alcohol blends, in a variety of
concentrations blended with unleaded petrol and
solvents; a typical methanol content is 3%; use of
petrol blends with methanol will void the new car
warranty of most car manufacturers. It is formerly
called methyl alcohol.
-Methanol
rúp-pê To become stuck; used of moving parts, such
as a piston, and commonly caused by lack of
lubrication leading to overheating.
-Seize
sách hướng dẫn Booklet provided with a new car which briefly
người sử dụng describes the position and operation of the
various instrument and switches, as well as
technical specifications and some maintenance
information.
-Owner’s handbook
sai màu sơn Colour mismatch due to wrong paint mixing or
application.
-Off shape or off colour
sàn chứa đồ kéo Moulded tray that folds out of the rear luggage
rộng được area and provides an extended load floor which
hangs out over the bumper; (can also be used for
picnics).
-Load floor extension
sàn dưới xe The bottom panel of multi-layer or complex
underbody panel assemblies, which faces the
road surface.
-Undertray
sản phẩm bám lại Carbon and other deposits resulting from
khi cháy combustion.
-Combustion residues

926 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sản phẩm chăm Preparation or article for cleaning, polishing and
sóc xe preserving especially the bodywork and interior.
- Car care products
sàn xe Floor of a commercial vehicle, especially a bus.
-Deck
sản xuất chi tiết từ To manufacture parts from powdered metals by
bột kim loại heating or pressure or both.
-Sinter
sáng chói Shiny and reflecting much light.
-Bright
sáng gầm xe Ground clearance.
-Ride height
sang số In US English, it is to change gear.
-Shift
sáp đánh bóng xe Non abrasive polish containing wax for protecting
a car’s finish.
-Car wax
sáp nóng Wax-based material used for hot-wax flooding.
-Hot wax
sắt Most common metallic element, it is used for
making steel. In US English, it is tyre lever.
-Iron
sáu cạnh Having six sides.
-Hexagonal
sau điểm chết trên The period after a piston has reached TDC and
begins to descend; maximum thrust is developed
between 10oC and 15oC.
-After top dead centre (ATDC)
sấy To lose or make lose its wetness.
-Dry

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 927

 sên cam Timing chain.
-Cam chain
sền sệt Thick and sticky.
-Viscous
shim điều chỉnh Shim for reducing clearances especially in
khe hở adjusting valve tappets.
-Adjusting shim
siết chặt với cần To tighten with a torque spanner.
siết lực -Torque
siêu xa lộ (US) multilane road like a motorway, with full or
partial control of access.
-Expressway
silic Non-metallic chemical element occurring in
several forms (principally sand and rock), used
in the manufacture of glass and steel (as well as
transistors etc.).
-Silicon
số một, số chậm Lowest gear available in the gearbox, which in
nhất và mạnh nhất fact gives the highest ratio of engine speed to
road speed, and consequently the highest torque
at the driven wheels, and so is used for starting
and climbing very steep hills.
-First (gear)
số hai Low gear used to build up speed and for steep
hills.
-Second (gear)
số ba Intermediate gear used for increasing speed,
climbing hills and sometimes for overtaking.
-Third (gear)
số bốn Highest gear in a four-speed gearbox, and second
highest in a five-speed gearbox.
-Fourth (gear)

928 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sổ bảo dưỡng xe Documents which show all the work carried out on
a vehicle, especially the regular services required
by the manufacturer.
-Full service history.
số cao Fourth or fifth gear, selectd for cruising, which is
opposite to low gear.
-High gear
số cao nhất It is shorted for top gear.
-Top
số cao nhất trong Overdrive.
hộp số tự động -OD
số chỗ ngồi The number of people for which a car is designed.
-Seating capacity
số cực thấp Extremely low gear mainly for off-road use.
-Crawler gear
sơ cứng To begin to harden, the initial phase of the
hardening process of plastic body fillers. In US
English, it is kick.
-Go off
số D trong hộp số Drive .
tự động -D gear
số dặm xe đi trên The number of miles a motor vehicle travels on
một gallon nhiên one gallon of fuel.
liệu -Mileage
số đăng ký xe Unique sequence of letters and numbers assigned
to a vehicle when it is registered, usually indicating
the year and place of registration, displayed on
numberplates on the front and rear of the vehicle.
-Registration number
sơ đồ bố trí Design, layout or arrangement of parts.
-Geometry

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 929

 sơ đồ chi tiết Drawing of a mechanism or structure which
shows the parts separately but approximately in
the position they occupy when assembled.
-Expioded view
sơ đồ mạch điện Diagram showing the complete wiring system of
a vehicle.
-Circuit diagram
so kế Precision measuring tool for taking measurements
in hundredths of a millimetre or thousandths of
an inch, having a plunger or contact arm and a
dial face with needle to register measurement,
and used, for example, to measure taper
in engine cylinders, run out of gears, or the
trueness of a shaft.
-Dial gauge
số khung xe Formerly the manufacturer’s number identifying a
vehicle.
-Chassis number
số lùi R Very low gear for driving backwards, denoted by
the letter R on a gear knob or gear selector.
-Reverse (gear)
số máy Number stamped on the engine and usually also
on the vehicle identification plate, which should
be quoted when ordering parts.
-Engine (identification) number (ein).
số OD Separate transmission installed in the (rear) drive
train giving an overdrive reduction to direct and
intermediate gears; usually selected electro-
mechanically by means of a button or switch
located either in the instrument panel or at the
gear lever.
-Overdrive

930 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 so sánh và nhận System that identifies a programme (station) and
dạng tín hiệu sóng compares programmes so as to find the station
radio which offers the strongest signal.
-Programme comparison and identification
số sê-ri động cơ Engine identification number.
-EIN
sổ tay bảo dưỡng Book of instructions detailing routine maintenance.
-Maintenance manual
số thấp First or second gear, used for driving off and
climbing steep hills. It is opposite to high gear.
-Low gear
số vòng quay cao Towards the top end of the scale of engine
cho phép revolutions.
-High revs
số vòng quay tối đa Point of maximum engine speed.
-Peak revs
số vòng quay trong Number of times the crankshaft turns in one
một phút minute.
-Revolutions per minute (rpm)
số vòng quay trung Middle of the rev range, around 3000 rpm.
bình -Mid-range
soi sáng Illumination, as from lamp.
-Light
sợi thủy tinh Material made from fine glass strands matted or
woven and bonded with a synthetic resin, also
called glass reinforced plastic or GRP.
-Fiberglass
solenoid đẩy bướm A solenoid which operates mechanically on the
ga throttle lever; when energized, the solenoid stern
extends and opens the throttle to establish the
preset idle speed.
-Throttle solenoid

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 931

 solenoid máy khởi Assembly of a pre-engaged starter used first to
động engage the pinion teeth with the flywheel ring
gear and then to switch on the starter current.
-Starter solenoid
solenoid chân On some engines, a vacuum solenoid controlled
không by an electrical sensor switch is used to control
the EGR valve.
-Vacuum solenoid
sơ mi (ống lót) Hard metal insert in the cylinder block forming the
cylinder wall, and in which the pistons run.
-Cylinder liner
sơn Any pigmented liquid, liquefiable, or mastic
composition designed for application to a
substrate on a thin layer which is converted to a
solid film after application.
-Paint
sơn acrylic Paint with pigments mixed in a solution based on
acrylic resin.
-Acrylic paint
sơn bằng nhựa Painting of parts, mostly plastic parts, outside the
ngoài dây chuyền actual painting line.
sơn -Off-line painting
sơn bị lắng After long storage, liquid ingredients of paints
and fillers may separate in the can on top of the
material; in most cases, this can be overcomed
by stirring the contents of the can thoroughly
before use.
-Separation
sơn bị nổi hạt A uniform distribution of small particles of regular
size and pattern in a paint film; caused by
contamination of the paint and poor filtration of
the air lines.
-Seed

932 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sơn bóng trên gỗ High-gloss paint that is slower drying and
therefore easier to apply than cellulose, and will
cause cellulose applied over it to lift.
-Enamel
sơn có chứa nhựa Black or dark coloured tarry paint which contain
bitumen ; used for the protection of exposed
metal parts.
-Bituminuos paint
sơn cùng màu thân Painted in the same colour as the body.
xe -Body-coloured
sơn dặm The respraying of very small areas.
-Spotting in
sơn điện Electrophoretic painting.
-Electro coating
sơn điện cho lớp Process used to apply the first coat of paint
sơn đầu tiên (primer) to car body.
-Electrophoretic painting
sơn được pha trộn Paint prepared by mixing two constituents, such
từ hai thành phần as pigment and an acrylic resin.
-Two-pack paint
sơn giàu kẽm Paint containing an extremely high proportion
of metallic zinc dust in the dry film (about 95%
by weight), applied to iron and steel as an anti-
corrosive primer; the application of zinc-based
primer may be regarded as a less durable form of
cold galvanizing.
-Zinc-rich paint/ primer
sơn không đều Faulty spraying technique where the spray gun is
not moved along the panel surface at a uniform
distance, but is moved towards the panel when
starting and is moved away again towards the end
of the panel; this results in an uneven thickness of
paint being applied .
-Arcing

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 933

 sơn lại chỗ trầy nhỏ To repair minimal blemishes in the paintwork, e.g.
trên thân xe those caused by stone chippings or scratches.
-Touch up
sơn lót Primer which isolates a top coat from a surface or
other finish with which it is incompatible.
-Barrier paint
sơn một màu Paint of one uniform colour, not metallic.
-Solid paint
sơn nóng Respray paint baked at 800 degrees Celsius,
giving a high-quality finish but requiring suitable
low-bake spray booths/ovens.
-Low-bake paint
sơn phun Apparatus shaped like a gun which delivers an
atomized mist of liquid.
-Spray gun
sơn poliurêtan Type of two-pack paint based on polyurethane
substances.
-Polyurethane paint
sơn tĩnh điện Painting method using the particle attracting
properly of electrostatic charges, in which a
direct current of approx. 100,000 volts is applies
to a grid of wires through which the paint is
sprayed to charge each particle, and the metals
objects to be sprayed are connected to the
opposite terminal of the high-voltage circuit, so
as to attract the paint particles.
-Electrostatic painting or spraying
sóng AM trong Form of radio transmission in which the frequency
radio of the carrier wave is uncharged, but its amplitude
varies in accordance with the input signal.
-Amplitude modulation (AM)

934 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sóng áp suất trong Pulsations of oscillations in the induction and
ống pô exhaust systems caused by the opening and
closing of the valves.
-Pressure wave
sóng FM System of broad-casting using VHF.
-Frequency modulation (FM)
song song The same distance apart at every point.
-Parallel
stator trong cảm Self-contained unit of the magnetic pick-up,
biến điện từ consisting of a permanent magnet, an inductive
winding and the pick-up core; the stator can be
a disc-shaped pole piece with tooth or a simple
pole piece.
-Stator
sự ăn khớp Bringing into locking contact (e.g. of the clutch ),
or selection of a gear.
-Engagement
sự ăn mòn Chemical process in which a metal is eaten away,
such as the oxidation of iron and steel, otherwise
known a rusting.
-Corrosion
sự ăn mòn bề mặt Corrosion occurring over the entire exposed
surface. It is opposite to localized corrosion.
-Uniform corrosion
sự ăn mòn cơ điện Corrosion involving at least one electrode
reaction.
-Electromechanical corrosion
sự ăn mòn cục bộ Corrosion occurring at one part of a metal surface
at a much higher rate than over the rest of the
surface, e.g. pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion.
It is opposite to uniform corrosion.
-Localized corrosion

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 935

 sự ăn mòn điện hóa Electro-chemical corrosion causing the electrolytic
removal of metal.
-Electrolytic corrosion
sự ăn mòn điện hóa Corrosion of two different metal exposed to an
của lưỡng kim electrolyte while in electrical contact.
-Bimetallic corrosion
sự ăn mòn do Corrosion of the inside of exhaust systems by
ngưng tụ ở pô direct chemical attack resulting from an acidic,
aqueous solution that condenses from the
exhaust gas at the cooler rear portions of the
exhaust systems.
-Cold-condensate corrosion
sự ăn mòn do ôxi Electro-chemical corrosion caused by neutral or
alkaline electrolytes in which, during the cathodic
reaction, oxygen is reduced to hydroxide.
-Oxygen corrosion
sự ăn mòn do tiếp Corrosion occurring where two surfaces are in
xúc contact and friction results, e.g. at mechanical
joints in vibrating structures.
-Fretting corrosion
sự ăn mòn do vi Corrosion associated with the action of micro-
sinh organisms present in the corrosion system.
-Microbial corrosion
sự ăn mòn gan xám Selective corrosion of grey cast iron, resulting
in preferential removal of metallic constituents,
leaving graphite.
-Graphitic corrosion
sự ăn mòn hóa học Gradual destruction or alteration of metals
trong không khí or alloys by contact with substance present
in the atmosphere, such as oxygen, carbon
dioxide, water vapour, and sulphur and chlorine
compounds.
-Atmospheric corrosion

936 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự ăn mòn kim loại Corrosion of the metal under a finish.
nền -Base metal attack
sự ăn mòn toàn bộ In contrast to pitting, a type of corrosion which
bề mặt affects the entire surface of a metal.
-General corrosion
sự ăn rỗ bề mặt Corrosion process resulting in pits.
-Pitting corrosion
sự an toàn thụ Features designed to alleviate the consequences
động of a crash, such as air bags, collapsible steering
column, head restraints, toughened windscreen,
etc. It is opposite to active safety.
-Passive safety
sự ăn trộm xe Stealing cars or stealing items from cars.
-Car theft
sự bám dính cặn Sticky deposit that occurs if petrol remains
unused in the tank for a period of time; the use of
detergent in petrol helps prevent it.
-Gum deposit
sự bẩn chấu bu-gi Blockings of the points of a sparking plug by
carbon, often causing intermittent firing or
complete failure.
-Dirt on spark plugs
sự bảo dưỡng The work undertaken by a car owner to keep his
vehicle in good working order; typically checking
the tyres, lights, oil and coolant levels, windscreen
wipers and seat belts.
-Maintenance
sự bào mòn Erosion or eating away, especially of contact
breaker or sparking plug points or exhaust valves.
-Burning
sự bảo vệ ca-tốt Cathodic protection.
-Electrolytic protection

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 937

 sự bảo vệ khỏi gỉ Reducing the possibility of rust forming on iron
and steel by coating with protective materials or
by rendering them passively.
-Rust protection

sự bắt lửa của hỗn Ignition of the air-fuel mixture after the electrical
hợp ignition point.
-Post-ignition

sự bền Ability to last a long time.

-Durability

sự biến dạng Damage to the frame when the vehicle has been
hit from the side.
-Side shift

sự biến dạng cơ Alteration of shape or dimensions of a body

caused by stresses, expansion or contraction due
to temperature or moisture change, or chemical
or metallurgical change.
-Deformation

sự biến dạng đầu Bolt whose head may (intentionally) be sheared

bu-lông off to make extraction difficult.
-Shear (head) bolt

sự bỏ lửa The act of misfiring.

-Misfire

sự bố trí động cơ Transverse positioning of the engine across the

nằm ngang car, found in many front-wheel drive designs,
which is also called transverse engine. It is
opposite to north-south layout.
-East-west layout

sự bốc hơi Conversion of a liquid into a vapour.

-Evaporation

938 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự bốc hơi của Vapour or fumes not emitted by the exhaust
nhiên liệu từ thùng system, but escaping from the fuel tank,
chứa carburetor and crankcase, and accounting for
about 40% of hydrocarbon emissions released
by a petrol engine without emission controls.
-Evaporative emissions or losses
sự bốc hơi nhiên Fumes given off by a fuel.
liệu -Fuel vapour
sự bôi trơn - Covering or treating moving surfaces with oil or
grease to keep them apart to reduce friction and
wear.
-Lubrication
sự bôi trơn bằng Oil from the crankshaft journals, under pressure
bắn dầu lên chi tiết from the oil pump, is splashed onto the cylinder
bores and gudgeon pins to provide lubrication.
-Splash lubrication
sự bôi trơn bằng Lubrication system in which clean engine oil
dầu sạch is supplied directly to the lubrication points of
engine, as in some two-stroke engines.
-Clean oil lubrication
sự bôi trơn bằng The components of the conventional two-
pha nhớt vào nhiên stroke engine with crankcase scavenging are
liệu lubricated by the oil added to the fuel; since
the oil is burnt along with the fuel, fresh oil is
constantly fed to the lubrication points inside
the engine.
-Total-loss lubrication
sự bôi trơn bằng A lubrication method for two-stroke engines
xăng pha nhớt where the oil is added to the fuel and lubricates
the moving engine parts as the air/ fuel mixture
passes through the crankcase.
-Petroil lubrication

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 939

 sự bôi trơn cưỡng Lubrication system as used in all modern four-
bức stroke engines, in which an engine-drive pump
forces the oil through external pipes, to the main
areas of stress in the engine.
-Forced-feed lubrication
sự bôi trơn độc lập Engine lubrication principle whereby the oil is
no longer mixed with the fuel, but is fed by a
metering pump from a separate oil tank to the
engine components to be lubricated. It is opposite
to petrol lubrication.
-Separate lubrication
sự bôi trơn động Lubrication of an engine.
cơ -Lube job
sự bôi trơn động Main lubrication of an engine supplied from a
cơ bằng bình nhớt separate oil tank, the sump containing no oil
riêng while the engine is operating; a common feature
of motorcycle and racing car engines.
-Dry sump lubrication
sự bôi trơn trước Lubrication system consisting mainly of an
khi khởi động electronically controlled pump that circulates
pressurized engine oil to vital parts of an engine
for about six seconds when ignition is switched
on prior to starting of the engine; reduces friction
during cold starts and prolongs engine life.
-Prelubricator
sự bong tróc Formation of blisters due to rust or air or moisture
trapped under the paint.
-Blistering
sự bức xạ nhiệt Heat transfer from one substance to another by
means of electromagnetic waves.
-Thermal radiation
sự cách điện The process of insulating.
-Insulation

940 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sứ cách điện bu-gi Highly stressed part of the sparking plug, usually
made of alumina ceramic, which serves to insulate
the centre electrode and the terminal stud from
the shell; its material must have high dielectric,
mechanical and thermal strength as well as good
thermal conductivity.
-Sparking plug insulator
sứ cách điện của If the insulation of the sparking plug becomes
bu-gi faulty, that cylinder will stop firing or fire only
intermittently.
-Breakdown across the sparking plug
insulator cause missing.
sứ cách điện điện The tip of a sparking plug.
cực giữa bu-gi -Insulator nose or tip.
sứ cách điện ở Sparking plug insulator.
bu-gi -Insulator
sự cải tiến động cơ Alterations to the specification of the engine to
increase power output, improve economy, reduce
emissions, etc.
-Engine modifications
sự cầm chừng Higher than normal tickover speed of an engine
nhanh when cold with the choke in operation.
-Fast idle
sự cân bằng State in which weight is evenly distributed.
-Balance
sự cân cam The valve timing of four-stroke engines state at
what crankshaft position with respect to the dead
centres of the pistons the inlet and exhaust valves
open and close.
-Valve timing
sự cân chỉnh cửa Accuracy of fitting of the door in the door aperture.
-Door alignment

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 941

 sự cân chỉnh đèn Alignment of the beam of light from the headlamps.
đầu -Headlight beam setting
sự cân chỉnh động Adjustments made to an engine to improve its
cơ performance.
-Tune-up
sự cân chỉnh thời The setting of a mechanism so that it acts at
điểm exactly the right moment.
-Timing
sự cân lửa tĩnh Now obsolete timing procedure carried out by
rotating the engine until the timing marks are
aligned and then connecting a test lamp or a
voltmeter between the negative coil terminal
and earth; when the points open, the test lamp
lights up or the voltmeter registers battery
voltage. It is opposite to dynamic or stroboscopic
ignition timing.
-Static (ignition) timing
sự căng lưng bạc Diameter slightly greater than that of the housing
lót with which almost all main and big-end bearings
are manufactured; this means that the bearing
shell has to be forced into place, and so cannot
rotate; there is also total contact between its back
and the housing.
-Bearing spread
sự canh thẳng hàng State of being in line or act of bringing into line.
-Alignment
sự cạo sạch lớp Removal of scale or metallic oxide from metallic
oxit bằng cách gõ surfaces by pickling.
gỉ -Descaling
sự cắt nhiên liệu Deceleration fuel cut-off.
khi giảm tốc -Overrun cut-off/ shut-off

942 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự chạm đất Touching the ground (as when a long vehicle
goes over a humpback bridge).
-Grounding
sự chẩn đoán hư Tracing of faults, greatly aided on many modern
hỏng vehicles by the use of an in-built diagnostic
system and an engine analyzer.
-Fault diagnosis
sự chập mạch giữa Undesirable electrically conductive connection
hai bản cực ắc quy between positive and negative plates within a
battery cell; makes battery inoperative.
-Short circuit between the plates
sự cháy The process of burning something.
- combustion
sự cháy bằng cách Compression ignition.
nén -CI
sự chạy bằng hệ Standby circuit which allows a car with electronic
thống dự phòng system trouble to be driven home slowly.
-Limp-home mode (of operation)
sự cháy bề mặt Ignition initiated by hot spots in the engine cylinder
rather than by a timed spark.
-Surface ignition
sự chạy lệch tâm Extent to which a part is running out-of-true.
-Run out
sự cháy nhờ nén System on which the diesel engine works, where
ignition is caused by the heat of compression and
not by a spark.
-Compression ignition
sự cháy sớm Ignition of air/ fuel mixture prior to the electrical
ignition point.
-Pre-ignition

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 943

 sự chạy theo trớn A vehicle travelling with no throttle and the engine
acting as a brake.
-Overrun
sự chạy thử A trial drive of a car after it has been repaired, or
of a new car to decide if one likes it enough to
buy it.
-Test-drive
sự cháy tiếp Completion of the combustion of incompletely
burnt mixture in the exhaust system.
-Afterburning
sự chảy xuống của The trail of a paint drip; a dribble of paint.
lớp sơn -Run
sự chảy xuống của An aggravated condition of paint runs where
lớp sơn quá dày a curtain of paint runs down vertical or inclined
areas of bodywork; caused by excessive build-
up of paint, thinners which are too slow-acting,
or excessively slow movement of the spray gun.
-Sag or sagging
sự chế tạo thân xe Manufacture of a vehicle body.
-Body construction
sự chia đều công Arrangement in a four-wheel drive transmission
suất where equal amounts of power are delivered to
the front and rear wheels.
-Fifty-fifty power split
sự chỉnh chấu bu-gi Formation of carbon or other deposits across the
sparking plug gap which shorten the plug.
-Gap bridging
sự chói mắt Glare from the headlights of on coming traffic
which can momentarily blind a driver.
-Dazzle

944 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự chọn màu sơn Determining the correct paint shade with the aid
cho phù hợp of colour charts and special mixing devices and,
in difficult cases, via spectral analysis.
-Paint colour matching
sự chúi đầu xe khi Dipping of a front end of a car or lifting of the rear
phanh end when the brakes are applies, due to a load
transfer from the rear to the front suspension.
-Brake dive
sự chuyển đổi bánh Swapping wheels around to compensate for
xe unequal tyre wear and increase tread life;
moving them from front of to rear is generally
recommended and is the only safe method on
vehicles fitted with directional tread tyres.
-Wheel rotation
sự chuyển đổi điện Transform the primary voltage resulting from the
áp capacitor discharge to the required high voltage.
-Ignition transformer
sự chuyển đổi Changing from on state into another, e.g. of
trạng thái toxious gases into harmless gases.
-Conversion.
sự chuyển hóa Changing of one form of energy into another or
năng lượng into work, such as that in the combustion process,
the heat of which is used to turn the engine and
thus create motion.
-Energy conversion
sự chuyển lộ trình Alternative route which traffic has to follow due to
khác closure of a stretch of road for repairs, etc.
-Diversion
sự co thân xe Shrinking dents in panels using a gas welder to
heat local areas of the dents.
-Heat shrinking

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 945

 sự công nhận mẫu Official recognition of a special version of a
xe đua standard car as a production model, to make it
eligible for racing.
-Homologation
sự cung cấp Supply of fuel, oil, current, etc.
-Feed
sự cung cấp nhiên Delivery of fuel to the carburettor or injection
liệu system.
-Fuel supply
sự cung cấp nhiên A fuel supply layout formerly used for two-stroke
liệu nhờ trọng lực car engines.
-Gravity feed
sự cứng do lão hóa Hardening of aluminium or metal alloys as a result
of ageing.
-Age-hardening
sự cứng lại Hardening.
-Setting
sự đa dạng hóa xe the action of diversifying something or the fact of
becoming more diverse.
- Vehicle diversification
sự đại tu động cơ Dismantling of the engine and restoration of the
manufacturer’s original tolerance by replacement
of worn parts, reboring the cylinders, regrinding
the crankshaft, etc.
-Engine overhaul
sự đâm xe chính The result of two vehicles being driven straight
diện into one another.
-Head-on collision or head-on crash
sự dẫn động bốn Permanently engaged four-wheel drive (with
bánh thường xuyên lockable or limited-slip differentials).
-Permanent four-wheel drive

946 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự đăng ký Act of entering the details of a new vehicle in a
supervised record.
-Registration
sự đánh bóng Smoothing and polishing of a surface by means
of a rotating flexible wheel to the surface of which
fine, abrasive particles are applied in liquid or
past form.
-Buffing.
sự đánh bóng kim Polishing process for metal, usually a fine abrasive
loại on a buffing wheel.
-Burnishing
sự đánh bóng xe Polish for the exterior paintwork of a car.
-Car polish
sự đánh lửa Process of igniting the mixture in the combustion
chamber.
-Firing
sự đánh lửa bằng Spark Ignition.
tia lửa -SI
sự đánh lửa sớm Ignition advance.
-Spark advance
sự đánh lửa sớm Vacuum control unit for advancing the spark. It is
chân không opposite to vacuum retard unit.
-Vacuum advance (mechanism or unit)
sự đánh lửa trễ Ignition after top dead centre.
-Ignition retard
sự đảo bánh trước Rapid side-to-side vibration of the front wheels.
-Shimmy
sự dao động của xe To put down and release a conner of a vehicle.
-Bounce
sự dao động ngang Side-to-side vibration; lateral runout.
-Wobble

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 947

 sự đắp vá Repair method for welding up local corrosion
damage by using smaller panels made up from
sheet metal.
-Patching
sự đặt vào Used to which something is put.
-Application
sự đậu xe theo hình Parking with the nose of the car lose to the kern
bậc thang and at an angle to it.
-Echelon parking
sự đen đầu bóng Blackening of a light bulb; gradual blackening of
đèn conventional, i.e. non-halogen light bulbs, occurs
as a result of metal vapour deposition on the glass
envelope which reduces light emission; severe
blackening indicates imminent bulb failure.
-Lamp blackening
sự dịch chuyển kim The build-up of metal on a contact breaker point.
loại trên mặt vít lửa It is opposite to pitting.
-Piling
sự điều chỉnh Altering or correcting the position of something or
the position or valve achieved.
-Adjustment
sự điều chỉnh âm Car ratio circuit which automatically adjusts the
lượng tự động volume to the noise level in the car.
-Automatic Volume Control (AVC)
sự điều chỉnh để Efforts to improve vehicle performance in
cải thiện tính năng particular, such as upgraded suspension, higher
xe engine output and/ or torque, or drag-reducing
measures, such as the addition of spoilers.
-Performance tuning
sự điều chỉnh độ Usually a vertical thumbwheel that adjusts the
cao của ánh sáng height of the headlight beam.
đèn pha -Headlight levelling control

948 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự điều chỉnh động Ignition and valve timing.
cơ -Engine timing
sự điều chỉnh góc Centrifugal and vacuum advance.
đánh lửa sớm cơ -Mechanical ignition timing
khí
sự điều chỉnh tốc Alteration of the engine tickover.
độ cầm chừng -Idle speed adjustment
sự điều khiển Ability of the driver to make the vehicle perform
as required.
-Control
sự điều khiển System for actuating a non-automatic choke,
bướm gió usually a cable with a knob on the fascia.
-Choke control
sự điều khiển Control or prevention of wheel spin under power,
chống trượt normally by means of electronic sensing and in
conjunction with anti-lock braking.
-Anti-spin regulation (ASR)
sự điều khiển đánh Distributorless, mapped ignition system with
lửa điện tử cylinder-selective knock control, dwell-angle
control, and digital idling speed stabilization.
- Full Electronic Ignition (FEI)
sự điều khiển góc System ensuring that dwell is sufficient for all
ngậm engine conditions.
-Dwell-angle control
sự điểu khiển Small level near the handbrake of cars with
khoảng sáng gầm hydropneumatic suspension that allows ground
xe clearance to be increased for crossing rough
terrain or when changing a wheel.
-Ground clearance control
sự điều khiển lưu Regulation of the amount of fluid passing through
lượng a pump, especially important under changing
operating conditions.
-Flow control

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 949

 sự điều khiển ngắt Operates the wipers at preset intervals; typically
quãng gạt nước adjustable from 2 to 40 seconds.
-Intermittent wiper control
sự điều khiển theo Closed-loop control.
chu trình kín -Feedback control
sự điều khiển từ xa Control of something from a distance.
-Remote control
sự dính hai bề mặt Transfer of material, as between bearing and
do thiếu bôi trơn shaft, caused by friction and heat due to lack of
oil; can lead to seizure.
- Double-surface adhesion due to lack of
lubrication
sự định hướng các Tendency of plastic molecules if stretched, to
phân tử khi kéo align themselves in the direction of the stress.
-Orientation
sự định tâm bánh Adjusts the steering wheel and steering system
lái so that the wheel is in its centre position when the
front wheels are pointing straight ahead.
-Steering wheel centering
sự định vị Fixing point for a seat belt, seat or other stress-
bearing item which is not part of the structure.
-Anchorage
sự đỗ xe nhờ The parking of one’s car by a parking attendant.
người phục vụ -Valet parking
sự đổi chiều của Scavenging system for two-stroke engines in
dòng khí quét which a cylinder has two pairs of transfer ports, at
the front and rear respectively, with two exhaust
ports located on either side of the two pairs of
transfer ports; the incoming streams of mixture
spread out like a fan, are deflected downward and
expel the spent gases.
-Reverse-flow scavenging

950 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự đối lưu nhiệt Heat transfered by the combined mechanisms of
fluid mixing and thermal conduction.
-Thermal convection
sự đốt cháy Process which initiates the combustion of the
compressed air/fuel mixture in the combustion
chamber. In a spark-ignition engine, the mixture is
ignited by an electric spark; in a diesel engine, the
self-igniting mixture must be preheated by glow
plugs when a cold start is performed.
-Ignition
sự đúc bằng áp Shaping of moulding by softening it under pressure
suất and the action of heat, and forcing it through a
hole into a hollow space which it completely fills.
-Compression moulding
sử dụng hết khả Using the maximum braking effort available.
năng phanh -All-out braking
sự đụng xe Collision either with another car or into some
usually stationary object.
-Crash
sự ghép mí Simple joint made by overlapping one surface
with another and joining them together.
-Lap joint
sự ghi nhãn bánh All disc wheels are marked (generally on the front
xe side of the disc in the stud hole area) with the
manufacturer’s trademark, the wheel number, rim
size, and date of production.
-Wheel marking
sự gỉ Chemical or electrochemical destruction of iron
and ferrous metals.
-Rusting
sự gia cố Stiffening by means of braces.
-Bracing.

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 951

 sự gia cố trụ đỡ Vertical section behind the visible A-pillar.
-Hinge pillar reinforcement
sự gia cố vật liệu Reinforcing or moulding material already
impregnated with a synthetic resin.
-Prepreg
sự giả mạo tai nạn Insurance fraud involving fake car accidents and
để nhận bảo hiểm repair bills.
-Car banging
sự giải nhiệt khí Cooling of the charge air between compressor
nạp and engine.
-Intercooling
sự giảm đột ngột Sudden reduction (of pressure, voltage, etc.).
-Drop
sự giảm ga Reducing the power output of an engine by
closing the throttle, thus restricting airflow through
the carburettor or inlet tract.
-Throttling.
sự giảm giá Loss of value due to age or deterioration.
-Depreciation
sự giảm sức nén Loss of compression due to the escape of gases
do hở bạc usually part the piston and due to wear of the
bores and piston rings.
-Compression leakage
sự giảm tốc Slowing down.
-Deceleration
sự giãn dây đai Looseness of a drive belt.
-Belt slacker
sự giãn nở Increase in volume of a liquid or a gas.
-Expansion
sự giao nhau của Road junction.
đường -Intersection

952 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự giật khi nhả ly Effect caused by harsh clutch release.
hợp -Jolting
sự giới hạn muội Weight of particulate emissions in the exhaust of
than trong khí thải diesel engines, specified in grams per mile.
-Particulate emission limit.
sự giới hạn tính The performance limit of a car’s chassis, tyres,
năng của thân xe etc. typically experienced during sharp cornering
at high speeds.
-Limit
sự gò Straightening a damaged panel using hammer
and dolly to bring it back into shape, after initial
roughing out.
-Dinging
sự gò bằng búa Flattening or shaping with a peen hammer.
-Peening
sự gõ bóng Final panel hammering stage for lifting out minor
imperfections in a panel surface; part of the panel
finishing process.
-Planishing
sự hâm nóng nước Electric heater element in the water jacket
làm mát bằng điện connected to the main which warms the coolant
trở nhiệt before the car is used, ensuring better starting
and faster engine and heater warm-up.
-Cylinder block heater
sự hình thành sáp The formation of wax crystals in diesel fuel in
trong dầu diesel freezing conditions, thus clogging the fuel filter
and stopping the engine; avoided by the use of a
fuel heater or fuel additives.
-Waxing
sự hoạt động ngắt Intermittent operation.
quãng -Interval operation

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 953

 sự hoạt động với Operation of systems and components under
một phần tải conditions below full load.
-Part-load operation
sự hỏng hóc Failure of a mechanism or a vehicle.
-Breakdown
sự hợp lý hóa sản Industrial re-organization primarily aimed at a
xuất more cost-effective and time-saving production
process.
-Rationalization
sự hư hại do va Damage to the tyre wall caused by contact with
chạm the kerb or deep pothole, etc.
-Impact damage
sự hư hại bên trong Damage to the body shell that is not usually visible
from the outside.
-Internal damage
sự hư hại gián tiếp Indirect damage.
-Secondary damage
sự hư hỏng bên Body damage caused by the car hitting an
hông xe obstacle at an acute angle, causing the panels to
be dented over a relatively large area.
- Damage to the side of the vehicle
sự hư hỏng động Breakage, deformation or scoring of the internal
cơ parts of an engine.
-Engine damage
sự hư hỏng gián Type of damage not caused by immediate impact
tiếp but by the spread of the impact force into other
areas of the body, e.g. bulging or dents at the rear
of the front wing and the leading edge of the door
in the case of direct accident damage to the front
edge of the front wing.
-Indirect damage

954 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự hư hỏng khi va Damage is directly caused by the impact of an
chạm obstacle, i.e. Opposite is indirect damage.
-Direct damage
sự hư hỏng khung Type of damage to the body that involves damage
xe to the structural members of the car, usually
resulting from accident impact.
-Frame damage
sự hư hỏng thân xe Damage to the body-work of a vehicle resulting
do tai nạn from an accident.
-Accident damage
sự hút âm The weight and space restrictions of modern
cars call for sound absorbtion using thin-walled
materials, whose thickness is small in relation to
the wave length of the sound to be absorbed.
-Sound absorbtion
sự hút bám Bonding of a solid with a gas or vapour which
touches its surface.
-Adsorption
sự hút hỗn hợp hòa Sucking in of the air/ fuel mixture or breathing
khí process of an internal combustion engine.
-Aspiration
sự kéo lai Two distinct but interdependent forms of
propulsion, such as an electric motor and an
internal combustion engine, or an electric motor
with battery and fuel cells for energy storage.
-Hybrid propulsion
sự kẹt dính pít-tông Stalling of the engine, caused by the piston
becoming stuck in the bore; this is often caused
by overheating or lack of lubrication and often
leaves severe score marks in the cylinders.
-Piston seizure

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 955

 sự kết nối Joining of two parts, especially parts connecting
electricity.
-Connection
sự khử Chemical reaction in which an element gains
electrons, i.e. , has an increase in positive valence.
-Reduction
sự kích nổ Condition in the combustion chambers that gives
rise to knocking or pinking, which occurs when
fuel is ignited too early or spontaneously, due to
excessive ignition advance or low octane fuel.
This results in colliding flame fronts and shock
waves which can in turn cause over-heating and
mechanical stress.
-Detonation
sự kiểm soát khí Reduction of harmful pollutants in the gases
thải emitted from the exhaust system.
-Exhaust emission control
sự kiểm soát kích Retards the spark advance when detonation
nổ occurs.
-Knock control
sự kiểm tra áp suất Pressure test using water.
bằng nước -Hydrostatic test
sự kiểm tra bằng Testing of a vehicle system such as the electrical
máy chẩn đoán system or fuel injection to detect faults, usually by
means of a computerized engine analyzer.
-Diagnostic testing
sự kiểm tra cấu trúc Test to determine the structural composition of a
tế vi kim loại metal as shown at low and high magnification and
by X-ray diffraction methods.
-Metallographic examination

956 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự kiểm tra độ bền Test on a material to determine the range of
mỏi stress it will stand without failing, by subjecting
it to rapidly varying stresses to establish its
fatigue limit.
-Fatigue test
sự kiểm tra độ The standard test methods are the Izod and
cứng bằng con lắc Charpy test; the specimens have a standard
notch machined in them, and the impact energy
absorbed in breaking the specimen is recorded.
-Pendulum impact test
sự kiểm tra gỉ sét Car inspection conducted to detect rust and
corrosion damage, usually by means of an
endoscope.
-Rust inspection
sự kiểm tra rò rỉ Pressure test using helium.
bằng khí heli -Helium leak test
sự kiểm tra tìm chỗ Type of examination which serves to evaluate the
hư hỏng operating condition of a component or system;
the inspection may identify the need for servicing
or repair.
-Inspection
sự lái xe Control of a moving vehicle.
-Driving
sự làm bẩn chất Loss of catalytic efficiency caused by
xúc tác contaminating deposits.
-Catalyst contamination
sự làm biến dạng Permanent change in the shape or size of a solid
chất dẻo body without fracture resulting from the application
of sustained stress beyond the elastic limit.
-Plastic deformation
sự làm bóng bằng Improvement of surface smoothness of a metal
dung dịch hóa học by immersion in a suitable solution.
-Chemical brightening or polishing

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 957

 sự làm đậm hỗn Fuel mixture enrichment when starting a hot
hợp khi khởi động engine.
nóng -Hot start enrichment
sự làm đậm hỗn Enrichment of the air/fuel mixture on starting
hợp sau khi khởi the engine, especially in electronic fuel injection
động systems, regulated by the electronic control
unit; it is reduced either at a fixed rate or engine
temperature increases.
-After-start enrichment
sự làm giàu hoà khí Making the air/fuel mixture richer, i.e. increase the
fuel content.
-Enrichment
sự làm giàu hoà khí Full load enrichment.
khi đầy tải -Full throttle enrichment
sự làm giàu hòa khí Reduced enrichment of the air / fuel mixture
khi hâm nóng động following cranking and after-start enrichment.
cơ -Warm-up enrichment
sự làm giàu hỗn Providing a richer fuel/air mixture is needed to
hợp hoà khí để tăng provide extra power and smooth response.
tốc -Acceleration enrichment
sự làm giàu hỗn Provision of a richer mixture when the throttle is
hợp khi đầy tải fully opened.
-Full load enrichment
sự làm giàu hỗn Increasing the fuel content of the air /fuel mixture
hợp khi khởi động to compensate for condensation losses in the
lạnh intake system when the engine is cold.
-Cold start enrichment
sự làm giòn bằng Process which results in a decrease of the
khí hydro toughness or ductility of a metal due to absorption
of hydrogen.
-Hydrogen embrittlement

958 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự làm hỏng Very badly executed piece of work.
-Botch
sự làm kín để Sealed to prevent the passage of gas.
chống rò khí -Gas-tight
sự làm kín những The sealing of seams with PVC sealant to prevent
đường nối bằng the penetration of corrosive agents.
nhựa PVC -PVC seam sealing
sự làm kín vết nối The sealing of seams, usually using organic
compounds, to prevent the penetration of
corrosive agents.
-Seam sealing
sự làm lệch hướng Deviation of the gas flow into the cylinder from its
dòng chảy ideal path, thus losing its stability, caused by swirl
and/ or improper combustion chamber design etc.
-Flow detachment
sự làm mát bằng Natural cooling, utilising the fast that two columns
đối lưu of liquid at different temperatures possess natural
circulation because the hotter column weighs
less on account of its lower density; thus the hot
engine must be located at a lower level than the
cool radiator.
-Thermosyphon cooling
sự làm nhám bề Chemical treatment of a surface to produce
mặt minute irregularities.
-Roughening
sự làm nhẵn và Additional streamlined body panel placed over a
thon thân xe projecting part, or an integral panel also designed
to give minimum drag.
-Fairing (panel)
sự làm rỗ Surface damage to a metal in the form of pits or
holes. In the case of contact breaker points, the
opposite is piling.
-Pitting

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 959

 sự làm sạch bằng Remove of corrosion, dirt, scale, etc., by a blast of
chất nhám abrasive particles.
-Blast cleaning
sự lan gỉ dưới lớp Spreading of corrosion, especially rust, under
sơn paintwork causing blistering and flaking.
-Creepage
sự lão hóa của Reduced toughness in plastic or metal caused by
nhựa age, heat or rough use.
-Embrittlement
sự lắp bánh xe The fitting of a wheel onto a hub.
-Wheel mounting
sự lắp đặt Putting something in position ready for use. It is
opposite to removal.
-Installation
sự lắp đúng chỗ Accurately made or correctly adjusted.
-True
sự lắp kính cửa Glass fitted (or to be fitted) in a window.
-Glazing
sự lắp lẫn chi tiết The use of the same components (including major
components such as engines) in different models
and even in models from different manufacturers.
-Component sharing
sự lắp ráp Way in which two parts come together, with
varying degrees of tightness.
-Fit
sự lắp ráp bằng áp Condition of contact between two parts that
suất requires pressure to force the parts together.
-Press fit
sự lắp ráp khung xe Assembly of the body components.
-Body framing

960 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự lắp ráp thân xe Building up of the body from its various
components and panels.
-Body assembly
sự lật thân xe khi Rolling a vehicle’s body when cornering.
quay vòng -Body roll
sự lệch tâm Part transmitting an eccentric drive, such as a
disc with a provision for a drive from its outer part,
or an eccentric shaft.
-Eccentric
sự lọc Removal of dirt or suspended particles from a
liquid or the air with the aid of a filter.
-Filtration
sự lọt khí Leakage of compressed air/ fuel mixture and
gases (from combustion) past the piston rings
into the crankcase.
-Blow-by
sự lọt khí trong quá Occurs during the scavenging process of a two-
trình quét khí stroke engine when some of the fresh mixture
entering the cylinder may flow across the
cylinder and escape via the exhaust ports without
producing any scavenging effect.
-Short circuiting
sự luân hồi khí thải Exhaust gas recirculation.
-EGR
sự lưu hóa Chemical reaction which charges the physical
properties of elastomers.
-Vulcanization
sự lưu thông dầu Passing of oil round the engine.
trong động cơ -Oil circulation
sự mạ Application of zinc coatings on the surface of a
metal, by hot dipping or electrodeposition.
-Galvanizing

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 961

 sự mạ kẽm nguội Galvanizing with zinc-rich paint or similar, or by
electroplating with zinc.
-Cold galvanizing
sự mạ kẽm ướt Galvanizing method in which the flux is deposited
in molten from on the zinc bath, and the metal
to be galvanized is introduced into the bath by
passing it through this layer of flux. It is opposite
to dry galvanizing.
-Wet galvanizing
sự ma sát Force which opposes the relative motion of two
bodies.
-Friction
sự ma sát giữa các Friction between individual leaves of a leaf spring.
lá nhíp -Interleaf friction
sự mạ vàng Electrolytic deposition of gold.
-Gold plating
sự mài bề mặt vật Removal of surface material from any solid,
cứng nhờ ma sát through friction action.
-Abrasion
sự mài nhẵn Removing burrs from a metal surface.
-Deburring
sự mài nhẵn tấm Smoothing sheet metal using power tools,
kim loại e. g. with an angle grinder and emery belt or
grinding disk.
-Linishing
sự mất cân bằng Lack of balance due to uneven weight distribution.
-Imbalance
sự mất cân bằng Lack of balance in a rotating part such as a wheel,
động which can cause vibration and judder.
-Dynamic imbalance

962 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự mất công suất If the exhaust gases remain in the cylinder,
they prevent a full charge of fresh mixture from
entering; the power output is thus reduced.
-Scavenging losses
sự mất gai vỏ Breaking away of pieces of the tread of a tyre.
-Chunking
sự mất lửa Misfire.
-Engine misfire
sự mất tác dụng Loss of catalytic efficiency.
xúc tác - Catalyst degradation or deterioration
catalyst, degeneration or deterioration.
sự méo mó Bending and twisting out of shape.
-Distortion
sự mờ dần Loss of brightness or colour in a part finish.
-Fading
sự mờ đục của lớp Paint fault in which the colour of underlying coats
sơn or fillers remains visible through the topcoat;
may be caused by insufficient paint thickness,
overthinning, etc.
-Poor opacity
sự mỏi Weaking of a material subjected to high stresses,
which may crack or even break as a result.
-Fatigue
sự mòn đều đĩa Same thickness all the way round.
phanh -Parallelism
sự mòn má phanh Brake fade.
-Fade
sự mòn vỏ xe do Heavy wear on a tyre caused by sliding sideways
trượt across the road surface, as when skidding.
-Scrubbing

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 963

 sự nâng gầm Raised section of the frame and body to provide
clearance for the front and/or rear suspension
system or axles.
-Kickup
sự nạp Intake of air and fuel through the carburettor,
inlet manifold and inlet ports into the combustion
chamber.
-Induction
sự nạp điện chậm Charging using a charging current which
corresponds to 10% of the battery capacity.
-Slow charging
sự nạp hòa khí Air/ fuel mixture delivered to the combustion
chamber.
-Fuel charge
sự nạp phân tầng In a SI engine, an air/fuel charge which consists
mainly of a lean mixture and a small layer or
pocket of rich mixture; the rich mixture is ignited
first, then ignition spreads to the leaner mixture
filling the rest of the combustion chamber.
-Stratified charge
sự nảy xú-páp ở Bouncing of a valve on its seat due to the valve
tốc độ động cơ cao spring resonating at very high engine speeds.
-Valve bounce
sự nghiêng tay lái Effect observed when the movement of the
khi gặp ổ gà suspension caused by hitting a bump or hole in
the road acts on the steering to turn the wheels
slightly sideways, which makes the car veer to
one side ; this can be felt by the steering wheel.
-Bump steer
sự ngưng tụ Liquid, especially water, formed due to cooling
of moist air or vapour, also the process of its
formation.
-Condensation

964 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự nhăn Wrinkling.
-Puckering
sự nhẵn bóng Smooth, polished surface.
-Glaze
sự nhận dạng The ability of a computer to recognize a command
giọng nói spoken by the user; enables a driver to use a car
phone without using his hands.
-Voice recognition
sự nhấn ga tăng tốc (Informal) Power or acceleration.
-Poke
sự nhiễu sóng Radio Frequency Interference.
radio -RFI
sự nhiễu vô tuyến Noise from the ignition system that affects radio
từ hệ thống đánh and TV reception.
lửa -Interference
sự nhịp phanh khi Emergency braking method in which the driver
phanh khẩn cấp rapidly depresses and release the brake pedal.
-Cadence braking
sự nổ vỏ xe To explode and lose all its air very suddenly.
-Burst
sự nối trực tiếp State in which a piece of equipment or subsystem
is directly connected with or incorporated into the
main system.
-On-line
sự nứt do nhiệt Pattern of small, irregular cracks (e.g. on brake
discs).
-Heat cracking
sự nứt vỏ xe Forming of cracks, e.g. in the sidewalls of a tyre
due to hardening of the rubber, or in paintwork
due to weathering of an excessively deep coat.
-Cracking

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 965

 sự ô nhiễm của khí Exhausts emissions.
thải -Exhaust pollutants
sự ô nhiễm do hơi Pollutants allowed to escape into the atmosphere
các-te from the crankcase.
-Crankcase emissions

sự ổn định chuyển Ability of a tyre to maintain its course, or remain

động của bánh xe under normal steering control, while being
subjected to directionally disturbing influences.
-Lateral grip
sự ổn định hướng Vehicle’s ability, which helps to continue moving
di chuyển in a straight line with a minimum of steering
control, even under adverse conditions such as
crosswinds.
-Directional stability
sự ổn định ngang Lateral grip.
-Lateral stability
sự oxy hóa Chemical reaction which increases the oxygen
content of a compound or in which a compound or
radical loses electrons, i.e. in which the positive
valence is increased.
-Oxidation
xú-páp Poppet valve.
-Mushroom valve
xú-páp thải Exhaust valve.
-Outlet valve
xú-páp xả trong The exhaust valves of some high-performance
ruột có chứa chất engines are filled with sodium to improve the
Natri heat dissipation from the valve stem to the valve
guide, since the exhaust valve is subject to higher
thermal loads than the inlet valve.
-Sodium-cooled exhaust valve

966 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự phá hủy môi Damage to the environment, usually in the from
trường sinh thái of pollution, such as that caused by vehicle
emissions.
-Ecological damage
sự phân bố đều System which ensures that the same amount of
công suất trên xe the power is always transmitted to the front and
hai cầu rear wheels in a four wheel drive vehicle.
-Constant power distribution or split
sự phân chia mạch Dual-circuit braking system in which each circuit
dầu cho cả hai cầu brakes both the front axle and the rear axle.
-Front-axle and rear-axle split
sự phản hồi Information in the form of a signal from a sensor,
which is then used in a closed loop system to
regulate the mixture strength, for example.
-Feedback
sự phân phối công System in four-wheel drive vehicles which
suất cân bằng ensures that an equal amount of power is passed
to the front and rear wheels.
-Equal power distribution
sự phân phối công Transmitting more power to the front or rear
suất không đối wheels in a four-wheel drive.
xứng -Asymmetric power distribution or split
sự phân phối công Drive torque distribution, as established e. g. by a
suất theo tải trọng Torsen differential.
-Load controlled power distribution
sự phân phối công Specific drive torque distribution between front
suất truyền động and rear axles in a 4WD system.
bốn bánh -Power distribution
sự phân phối mô- Distributing torque between front and rear axles
men giữa hai cầu in a 4WD vehicle.
-Torque split

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 967

 sự phân phối xe Driving a new car from the factory to the distributor
đến người bán or dealer.
-Delivery
sự phân tích theo Reduction of a complex structure to its basic
phương pháp phần component parts so that these can be studied in
tử hữu hạn a computer, especially in a CAD (computer-aided
design) process.
-Finite-element analysis
sự phân vùng sửa An effective and economical repair method where
chữa thân xe extensive damage is confined to a specific section
of the body shell and an undamaged section is
taken from a vehicle which has been written off.
-Section repair
sự phanh Operation or functioning of the brake.
-Braking
sự phát triển của Development of a network of fine cracks on or just
những vết nứt sơn under the surface of paintwork.
-Crazing
sự phát xạ ô nhiễm Gases emitted into the atmosphere through the
khí thải exhaust system, or indeed any opening down-
stream of the exhaust ports of an engine.
-Exhaust emissions
sự phơi nắng Exposure to the rays of the sun.
-Insolation
sự phóng điện Giving out of electric current or pouring out of
liquid.
-Discharge
sự phủ kẽm Process for applying zinc coatings to iron and
steel.
-Zinc spraying

968 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự phủ lớp bằng Generic term for electrolytic processes which a
điện metal is deposited at the cathode from a solution
of its ions, such as electroplating, or in which paint
is deposited in an immersion process by mean of
electric current.
-Electrode position
sự phun Coating of surfaces with droplets of molten metal
or alloy by using a compressed gas stream.
-Metal spraying
sự phun nhiên liệu System used in all diesel engines and most
modern petrol engines, in which fuel is sprayed
under pressure into the engine, and not sucked
as with a carburettor.
-Fuel injection (FI)
sự phun nhiên liệu Fuel injection not into the main combustion
gián tiếp chamber but into some kind of prechamber;
injection pressure are lower than with direct
injection and ignition lag is short.
-Indirect injection
sự phun nhiên liệu Fuel is directly injected into the combustion
trực tiếp chamber, especially in diesel engines, and
required very high injection system pressure to
overcome the pressure inside the combustion
chamber at the time of injection.
-Direct injection
sự phun nhiên liệu Sequential Fuel Injection.
tuần tự -SFI
sự phun sáp chống The injection of corrosion-inhibiting wax into car
ăn mòn body cavities.
-Wax injection or lancing
sự quay vòng Negotiation of a corner or bend.
-Cornering

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 969

 sự quay vòng thiếu Action of understeering. It is opposite to oversteer.

-Understeer

sự quay vòng thừa Action of oversteering. It is opposite to understeer.

-Oversteer

sự quét khí Escape of gases between the opening of the

exhaust valve and the piston reaching bottom
dead centre, or in a two-stroke engine between
exhaust port opening and transfer port opening
escape of gases between the opening of the
exhaust valve and the piston reaching bottom
dead centre, or in a two-stroke engine between
exhaust port opening and transfer port opening.

-Blowdown

sự quét khí thẳng Scavenging in a two-stroke engine with flow

across the cylinder assisted by a wedge-shaped
piston crown.

-Cross scavenging

sự rà lại bề mặt nắp If the cylinder head is warped due to thermal

máy differences, its mating surface will have to be
machined to ensure firstly that a level surface
is created and secondly that the engine’s
compression ratio is not increased to above a
tolerable value.

-Resurfacing

sự rò điện cao áp HT current which short-circuits over the exterior

qua lớp sứ cách portion of the sparking plug insulator.
điện
-Flashover

sự rò khí Leak of air or gases, e.g. from the exhaust.

-Blow

970 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự rốc máy Engine operating condition, accompanied by
audible noise, that occurs when fuel in the
cylinders is ignition too early and/or spontaneously,
resulting in colliding flame fronts and shock waves
which cause high thermal and mechanical stress,
and can severely damage the engine.
-Engine knock
sự rốc máy vì muội Type of engine knock in internal combustion
than engines, caused by uncontrolled ignition as
a result of carbon deposits in the combustion
chamber, especially in old engine.
-Carbon knock
sự rung động của The distance a pedal moves until a slight
bàn đạp phanh ABS resistance is felt/ pedal pulsation = vibration of
the brake pedal when depressed, caused by a
defective disc or drum (or when ABS is activated).
-Pedal free play
sự rung động của Rocking or oscillation of an axle under heavy
cầu khi tăng tốc acceleration or braking due to inadequate
hoặc phanh damping.
-Axle tramp
sự rung lắc Sort of severe, pulsating draught as experienced
when driving at high speeds with the windows
open, or in convertibles with the top down.
- vibration
sự rung lắc ly hợp Faulty condition in which the clutch does not take
up smoothly but judders during engagement.
-Clutch judder
sự rung lắc xéc- Oscillations of a piston ring which mainly occur at
măng high engine speed and thus can cause breakage.
-Piston ring flutter.

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 971

 sự rung xóc Shaking or vibration (brake judder; clutch judder;
wiper blade judder).
-Judder
sự sạc bình Condition of the battery in relation to the amount
of current stored unit.
-Battery charge
sự sang số Gear changing.
-Cog-swapping
sự sang số bằng In US English, a gear change with a gear lever.
cần -Stick shift
sự sáng tạo Arrangement of parts; form of construction.
-Design
sự sơn lại một Respraying part of the bodywork. It is opposite to
phần thân xe full or complete respray.
-Partial respray
sự sơn trên dây Painting of components within the actual painting
chuyền line.
-On-line painting
sự sửa chữa To restore something to working condition, e.g. by
reconditioning, rebuilding, replacing.
-Repair
sự sửa chữa lỗi Eradicating faults in a system.
chương trình -Debugging
sự sửa chữa tạm A hasty botched-up repair, not carried out with the
thời proper tools or materials.
-Bodge
sự sủi bọt khí trong The formation of explosive gas in the form of small
ắc quy báo nạp no bubbles in a battery when charging continues
after the battery has been completely charge.
-Gassing

972 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự tác động Example of corrosion or another damaging,
especially chemical, action.
-Attack
sự tách ra Removing adsorbed material, which is opposite
to adsorption.
-Desorption
sự tán nhuyễn To produce a fine spray, e.g. of paint.
-Atomize
sự tân trang xe Any extensive repair work that is not limited
to standard reconditioning but is of far greater
scope, including remanufacture of certain parts,
stripping to the last nut and bolt and verification of
each and every component.
-Restoration
sự tăng áp Addition power, pressure or charge, esp. the
pressure from a supercharger.
-Boost
sự tăng tốc Increase of speed.
-Acceleration
sự tăng tốc chậm Button which cuts out the anti-lock braking system,
chạp for drivers who want to take threshold braking into
their own hands.
-Sluggish acceleration
sự tạo bọt Button which cuts out the anti-lock braking system,
for drivers who want to take threshold braking into
their own hands.
-Sluggish acceleration
sự tạo bọt của Process in which plastics are foamed under low
nhựa với áp suất pressure (1-5 bar). It is opposite to high-pressure
thấp foaming.
-Low-pressure foaming

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 973

 sự tạo bọt do áp Process in which plastics are foamed under high
suất cao pressure (> 50 bar), which is opposite to low-
pressure foaming.
-High-pressure foaming
sự tạo bọt khí Formation of bubbles in the oil of a gearbox, back
axle or shock absorber, etc.
-Foaming
sự tạo khía Roughening with knurls.
-Knurling
sự tạo màng Action of applying a layer of material to a surface.
-Coating
sự tập trung ứng A condition in which a stress distribution has
suất highly localized stresses; usually induced by an
abrupt change in the shape of a member (often in
the vicinity of notches etc.).
-Stress concentration
sự tẩy nhờn Removal of grease or oil from surfaces.
-Degreasing
sự thải ra chất ô Gases and other pollutants coming from the
nhiễm từ xe vehicle with an internal combustion engine.
-Emissions
sự thay đổi nhanh Rapid change in steering angle, for example
góc lái when a steered wheel hits an obstacle.
-Step steering input
sự thay đổi theo ý Individually made to suit the requirements
chủ xe and tastes of the owner, especially as regards
appearance.
-Custom
sự thay đổi tỉ lệ hòa Variations in the amount of fuel in relation to air,
khí more air resulting in a lean or weak mixture, less
air in a rich mixture.
-Variations in the air/ fuel ratio

974 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự thay đổi tính Change of characteristics in some metal after
chất sau khi xử lí heat treatment or cold working.
nhiệt -Ageing
sự thay đổi vỏ xe Wheel rotation.
-Tyre rotation
sự thay thế hay mài Replacing or regrinding old valves.
lại xú-páp -Valve job
sự thích hợp chạy Being fit to be driven on the roads.
trên đường trường -Roadworthiness
sự thiếu gió Unpleasant current of air intruding into the interior
of a car.
-Draugh
sự thiếu nhiên liệu Failure of the fuel system to supply sufficient
fuel to allow the engine to run properly, due to a
blockage or vapour lock or malfunction of the fuel
pump.
-Fuel starvation
sự thoái hóa vật Deterioration in the condition of a material.
liệu -Degradation
sự thoái hóa vật Physical disintegration and chemical
liệu do môi trường decomposition of materials on exposure to
atmospheric agents.
-Weathering
sự thông gió Provision of a free or controlled circulation of air.
-Ventilation
sự thử nghiệm xe Testing of a vehicle or component in more or less
normal use.
-Field testing or trial
sự tiến đến Change of characteristics in some metal after
heat treatment or cold working.
-Ageing

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 975

 sự tiện nghi Comfort.
-Convenience
sự tiếp xúc Touching of two parts.
-Contact
sự tiêu thụ Process of using up or amount used, especially
of fuel or oil.
-Consumption
sự trám chì The process of filling dents and damaged areas
of the bodywork with body lead.
-Lead loading
sự tráng kẽm Coating iron objects with zinc powder by tumbling
in powdered zinc at about 250-3750C.
-Sherardizing
sự trang trí xe A car’s exterior decoration, including wheel trims,
rubbing strips, bezels. It is also called soft trim.
-Trim
sự trườn xe ở tốc Tendency of a vehicle with automatic transmission
độ cầm chừng to edge forwards when idling with drive engaged
unless held on the brake.
-Creep
sự trượt The action or result of skidding.
-Skid
sự trượt bánh xe Effect of too much throttle making the driven
wheels turn too fast to grip the road surface;
easily done on a wet or icy surface and leaves a
telltale trace of rubber on a dry one.
-Wheelspin
sự trượt bánh xe Start on a normal street, e.g. at traffic lights, using
khi xuất phát excessive throttle resulting in wheelspin and tyre
screeching.
- Wheel slip when departing

976 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự trượt đai Slipping of a drive belt on its pulleys due to
insufficient tightness, so that no power is
transmitted.
-Belt slip
sự trượt đuôi xe khi Turning the steering wheel in the opposite
đánh vòng direction to that of the oversteer; i.e. turning the
wheel to the left if the result of going round a right-
hand bend too fast has caused the rear end of the
car to skid.
-Opposite lock
sự trượt ly hợp Failure of the clutch to disengage completely
when the pedal is depressed, with the result that
gear changes become difficult as the driven plate
and input shaft continue to rotate.
-Clutch drag
sự trượt phanh Loss of friction in the brakes and thus of stopping
power due to overheating.
-Brake fade
sự trượt trên Loss of contact between the tyre and a wet road
đường ướt when it rides up on a layer of surface water.
-Aquaplaning
sự truyền động ăn Device for engaging the starter pinion with the
khớp flywheel ring gear.
-Meshing drive
sự truyền động Drive consisting of a cable in an outer sheath,
bằng dây cáp mềm used for mainly light applications such as
speedometers, rev counters and windscreen
wipers.
-Flexible drive
sự truyền động System of gears that transmits drive from one shaft
bánh răng to another.
-Gear train

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 977

 sự truyền động Connection between crankshaft and camshaft -
cam either via gears, chain, drive belt, shaft or eccentric
shaft - that ensures the require speed ratio of 1:2.
-Camshaft drive
sự truyền động The transference of motive force or power.
hoặc công suất -Transmission
sự truyền động Drive from a point not on the axis of the driving
lệch tâm shaft, e.g. from the outer part of a disc, so that a
reciprocating or up and down motion is transmitted;
used in pumps or for a camshaft drive.
-Eccentric drive
sự truyền động Transmission mode in which engine, gearbox
trực tiếp and propeller shaft rotate at the same speed,
bypassing the reducing stages of the gearbox.
-Direct drive
sự truyền động Form of transmission used to drive shafts which
vuông góc do not align with the output shaft.
-Bevel gear drive or transmission
sự truyền động Transmission system in which power is distributed
xe hai cầu kiểu through a special viscous coupling differential, 37%
Ferguson to the front wheels and 63% to the rear wheels.
-Ferguson four-wheel drive (transmission)
sự truyền nhiệt Transfer of thermal energy from one material
to another by means of thermal conduction,
convection or radiation; heat transfer is only
possible from a high to a low temperature level.
-Heat transfer
sự tự cảm This occurs when the current in an inductive
circuit changes and the magnetic field cuts the
conductors; this induced electromotive force
opposes the change in current, restricting it if
the current is increasing and enhancing it if the
current is decreasing.
-Self-induction

978 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sự tự chẩn đoán Test function in electronic enigne management
systems with a test programme monitoring input
and output signals, detecting errors and storing
them permanently in a fault memory.
-Self-diagnosis
sự tự cháy trong Ignition of the air/fuel mixture caused by high
động cơ diesel pressure and temperature.
-Self-ignition
sự tự động dừng Windscreen wiper that automatically returns to
của cần gạt nước the (horizontal) park position when switched off.
-Self-parking wiper
sự tuần hoàn Cooling system in which a pump is used to
cưỡng bức, chuyển circulate the coolant.
động cưỡng bức -Forced circulation
sự ùn tắc giao A number of vehicles stopped behind one another
thông on a road.
-Traffic jam
sự va chạm bên Side crash.
hông -Lateral impact
sự va chạm phần Front-end impact.
đầu xe -Frontal crash or impact
sự va đập của pít- Audible noise caused by excessive piston play,
tông which allows the piston to tilt in BDC and TDC
(when reversing the direction of motion).
-Piston slap
sự võng xuống của A door that sits too low in the door aperture.
cửa -Sagging door
sự xoáy Rotary or swirling motion given to the charge
mixture as it enters a cylinder by offsetting the
inlet tract.
-Swirl

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 979

 sự xoáy lốc Swirl.
-Turbulence
sự xoay vòng Slightly arched contour of a road or other surface.
-Camber
sự xoay vòng Motion of a body about an axis within the body.
quanh trục -Rotation
sự xử lí bề mặt Cleaning process using glass beads that is fairly
slow, but gives a high quality finish since paint and
contamination can be removed without affecting
the critical tolerances of parts being blasted.
-Bead blasting
sự xử lý khí thải Any measures taken to reduce the pollutant
concentrations in the exhaust of an internal
combustion engine release into the atmosphere.
-Exhaust treatment
sự xử lý bằng Treatment of metals with a phosphating solution
photphat to produce a phosphate conversion coating on
the surface.
-Phosphate treatment
sự xuống số Downward change.
-Downshift
sửa chữa Mending something which is broken or has been
damaged.
-Repair
sửa chữa quá tồi Very badly executed repair which is unlikely to
last very long.
-Botched-up job
sửa chữa thân xe Repair to the bodywork of a car made necessary
by accident damage or corrosion.
-Body repair

980 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 sửa chữa vội vã To do work badly, not using the proper tools or
materials.
-Bodge
sức bền The stress at which material ruptures or fails.
-Strength
sức bền kéo Measure of the ability of material to withstand
tension or stress.
-Tensile strength
sức cản gió Characteristic of a car body, indicating the
resistance which the body offers to the air stream.
-Drag
sức chịu uốn
The action of bending or curving, or the condition
of being bent or curved.
- Flexural strength
sức điện động Source of electrical energy required to produce
an electric current, produced by devices such as
batteries or generators and measured in volts.
-Electromotive force
sức điện động tự Back-voltage produced by self-induction.
cảm -Self-induction back-voltage
sức hút động cơ áp Low pressure on the engine side of the throttle
thấp caused by piston suction in the inlet manifold.
-Engine depression
sức nén Compressing of the air/ fuel mixture drawn into the
combustion champer before ignition takes place,
either by the piston during its upward travel, or in
the case of rotating engines by the reduction of
the volume in the area between the rotor and the
epitrochoid housing.
-Compression

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 981

 sức ngựa Old unit of engine power.
-SAE gross BHp
sức ngựa đơn vị Unit of power, which is also called h.p. or HP.
công suất -Horsepower
sức tải động cơ Resistance overcomed by an engine when it is
driving a machine.
-Load
sunfat chì Chemical compound; poisonous white crystals
found in discharged batteries.
-Lead sulphate
súng bắn đinh tán Tool with pliers-like handles and nose piece to
insert rivets; used, for example, in body repair
work to rivet sheet metal material together.
-Rivet gun or riveter
súng phun sơn Spray guy which atomizes the coating material
and projects it against a surface by means of the
negative pressure occurring when a stream of air
enters a pipe of smaller diameter.
-Compressed-air spray gun
súng phun sơn có Type of spray gun with a paint pot mounted
bình sơn ở dưới underneath.
-Suction-feed spray gun
súng phun sơn nhờ Type of spray gun, in which paint flows downward
trọng lực from a container situated on top of it, thereby
reducing the amount of compressed air required.
-Gravity-feed spray gun
súng sơn bằng áp Type of spray gun with a separate paint container
suất (pressure-feed tank); it is mostly used for spraying
highly viscous materials such as spray putty.
-Pressure-feed spray gun
súng sơn nén Spray gun used for air-less spraying.
-Air-less spray gun

982 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 súng tán ri-vê có A type of pop rivet gun with such arms.
đầu nối -Rivet gun with connector
súng thổi sạch Pressure-fed spray gun with a wide nozzle used
to blow out crevices, dust off large areas, etc.
-Blow gun
sườn khung phụ A strong, detachable assembly that is mounted to
the underbody of the car to support the engine,
accessories, drive train and/or running gear.
-Subframe
sườn khung phụ Suspension subframe.
của hệ thống treo -Miniframe
sườn xe dạng uốn Type of frame widely used for American car
tròn that incorporates separate frames; the side and
crossmembers form a border that surround the
passenger compartment.
-Perimeter frame
xú-páp nạp In 4-stroke IC engines, usually a poppet valve,
located in the cylinder head, operated directly or
indirectly by a camshaft; the inlet valve is usually
larger and (on used engines) cleaner than the
exhaust valve; it is only open during the induction
stroke. In US English, it is intake valve.
-Inlet valve
ta-rô Thread-cutting screw.
-Metallic drive screw.
ta-rô thanh cốt ren Tool used to cut inside threads, e.g. in a hole.
-Tap
tableau Instrument panel.
-Fascia
tableau điện tử Display showing various functions, including
speedometer, tachometer, gauges, etc. using
leds or lcd technology displaying symbols and bar
instead of numbers, opposite is analogue cluster.
-Electronic cluster

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 983

 tableau xe The array of separate gauges in one housing; a
major component of the instrument panel including
analog or digital instruments and indicators, but
no controls except for the trip mileage reset button
on some cars.
-Instrument cluster. Several gauges integrated
into one instrument, making one unit combining
several functions, e.g. engine temperature, oil
pressure, and fuel gauge; if one gauge fails, the
entire instrument cluster must be replaced.
-Instrument cluster
tác động kép Having a piston with fluid on both sides so that
in a pump one piston end performs the suction
stroke while the other discharges the liquid, and
in a shock absorber both upward and downward
movements are damped.
-Double-acting
tác dụng chống ăn The effect produced by coatings sheilding
mòn especially metal surfaces from corrosive agents.
-Barrier effect
tác dụng của góc Self-centering action resulting from castor which
caster springs the steered wheels back to the straight
ahead position.
-Castor action
tác nhân ăn mòn Chemical agent which makes a reaction happen
kim loại more quickly, for instance in plastic production an
additive which promotes the hardening process
of resins.
-Accelerator
tác nhân ôxi hóa Compound which gives up oxygen easily,
removes hydrogen from another compound, or
attracts electrons.
-Oxidizer or oxidizing agent

984 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 tách ly hợp To move (a gear, dog clutch, etc.) so that it is no
longer in mesh with another matching part.
-Disengage
tách ra To separate.
-Break
tải Something to be born or transported.
-Load
tải điện Amount of power carried by an electric circuit.
-Load
tài liệu hướng dẫn Book which gives instructions or information.
-Handbook
tai nạn xe hơi Car crash.
-Car accident
tải trọng cầu xe Axle weight.
-Axle load
tải trọng cực đại (US) Maximum specified load capacity of an axle.
của cầu -Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR)
tải trọng ép Pressure on the plates in a clutch or coupling.
-Clamping load
tải trọng trên mỗi That part of the vehicle weight resting on a single
bánh xe wheel.
-Wheel load
tấm bảo vệ bên Longitudinal reinforcing beam in a car door,
hông designed to withstand side impact.
-Side impact bar
tấm bảo vệ các-te Shield fitted under the engine to protect the sump.
dầu -Sump guard
tấm bít Panel that covers a gap in the body framework.
-Closing panel

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 985

 tấm bọc cửa Panel covered in vinyl or other material and fitted
to the inside of the door.
-Door trim (panel)
tấm bọc xe Cover shaped to fit a car, usually waterproof
for use outdoors, but can also be for protection
against dust and condensation during storage.
-Car cover
tấm bửng sau xe tải Board at the rear of a lorry or pick-up that can be
nhỏ removed or let down on a hinge.
-Tailboard
tấm cách điện Plates of insulating material which physically
separate the positive plates from the negative
plates.
-Separator
tấm cách nhiệt trên Soft lining of the inside of a car roof.
mui -Headlining
tấm cản bên hông Large plastic body side mouldings attached to the
lower body sides which protect the body against
road debris, road salt corrosion and mechanical
impact. It is introduced on Mercedes-Benz cars
by chief designer Bruno Sacco, thus also called
Sacco panels.
-Side bumper panels
tấm cản trước đầu Part of the bodywork with protects and/ or provides
xe streamlining for a usually projecting component.
-Cowl
tấm chắn Bumper.
-Fender
tấm chắn bên hông Moulded cover panel fitted to the sides of the
két nước radiator to protect it from water splashes.
-Side radiator guard

986 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 tấm chắn bộ lọc Piece of wire mesh in a pipe used to collect dirt
and foreign matter.
-Filter screen
tấm chắn bùn Bulkhead.
-Dash panel
tấm chắn bùn và Flexible rubber or vinyl rear extension to the
đất đá wheel arch to protect the bodywork from dirt and
stones. In US English, it is splash guard.
-Mudflap
tấm chắn chất bẩn Vertical closing panel mounted inside the wheel
arch ahead of the rear edge of the front wing and/
or hinge area to protect these areas from splash
water and road dirt.
-Splash panel
tấm chắn đá văng Separate panel fitted below the front bumper or
on the leading edge of the rear wing to provide
protection from rocks, dirt, etc.
-Stone shield
tấm chắn giảm Usually transverse steel plate reducing the flow or
dòng chảy motion of gases or liquids, e.g. in a silencer, in the
sump of an engine or in a fuel tank.
-Baffle plate
tấm chắn gió Air shield.
-Air deflector
tấm chắn nhiệt phía Metal shield fitted underneath a catalytic converter
dưới bộ xúc tác to reduce the risk of its heat starting an accidental
grass fire.
-Grass (heat) shield
tấm chắn nước và Plate which protects the inner surface of a disc
chất bẩn bảo vệ from water and dirt.
phanh đĩa -Splash shield

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 987

 tấm chắn ổ bi trong Cover containing a bearing at either end of a
máy phát dynamo or alternator.
-End cover (plate)
tấm chắn phía Panel behind and below the front bumper, joining
trước the bottom ends of the front wings.
-Front apron
tấm che bùn sau Separate panel set below the rear panel which
extends approximately from behind the rear
bumper downwards to protect the rear end from
splashes of mud.
-Rear valance
tấm che nắng In dual visor system, the main visor is moved
sideways and the secondary visor is flipped
down, thus shielding the driver from the sun from
both the front and side.
-Main sun visor
tấm che nắng phía Plastic molding attached to the rear window which
sau deflects sun rays to keep the interior cool; usually
hinged to lift up for easy window cleaning.
-Rear window louvers.
tấm che nắng phụ In dual visor systems, the main visor is moved
sideways and the secondary visor is flipped
down, thus shielding the driver from the sun from
both the front and side.
-Secondary visor
tấm che phía dưới Body accessory panel made from tough, oil-
gầm resistant plastic for fitting on cars that do not have
a standard wheel house panel.
-Undershield
tấm che xe Waterproof cover for the roof, windscreen and
windows.
-Car cap

988 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 tấm chuyển dòng Adapter plate in the control valve assembly of
chảy automatic transmissions, used to direct the fluid
flow between adjacent valve bodies.
-Transfer plate
tấm cốt bản cực In batteries, it is grid.
-Plate grid
tấm cửa phần thép Large sheet metal panel of the door visible from
the outside.
-Door skin
tấm dẫn hướng cần Slotted plate in the shape of an H, controlling
sang số the movements of a gear lever in a sliding mesh
geaxbox (pre-1930s).
-Gate
tấm dán kính vỡ Sheet of clear plastic fitted in place of broken
windscreen.
-Emergency windscreen
tấm đế kim loại Strong metal plate which forms the base of
something.
-Baseplate
tấm điều chỉnh độ Air deflector on the front of a car, aerodynamically
ngẩng phía trước designed to cut the wind resistance around the
car, for improved handling control, stability,
traction, and better fuel economy.
-Front spoiler
tấm đỡ bên hông xe Side bumper panels.
-Sacco panels
tấm đỡ két nước Panel located behind the radiator grille surround
which provides a mounting for the radiator and
connects the mudguard skirts at their front edge.
-Radiator support panel
tấm nhiều lớp A sheet of material made of several different
bonded layers.
-Laminate

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 989

 tấm gắn bản lề cửa Threaded plate housed in a sheet metal cage
spotwelded to the hinge pillar or, in some cases,
to the door frame; the door is bolted to this plate
and may be adjusted within certain limits, as the
plate can be moved about in its sheet metal cage.
-Hinge tapping plate
tấm gia cố thân xe Reinforcing plate for chassis members or wheel
arches.
-Flitch plate
tấm giảm lực cản Spoiler under the front bumper to reduce wind
gió phía trước resistance.
-Air dam
tấm khung chắn The car body panel that covers a road wheel and
bùn phía trên bánh provides protection against splashes of mud, etc.
xe In US English, it is fender.
-Wing
tấm khung để thay Body panel supplied for repair purposes;
thế sometimes also used to denote a repair section.
-Replacement panel
tấm kim loại Metal (steel) in the form of a thin sheet (pressed
to form car body panels).
-Sheet metal
tấm kim loại bảo vệ Generally, any protective plate specifically, the
finishing trim on a door sill.
-Scuff plate
tấm kim loại để vá A flat sheet metal panel as supplied by the trade;
thùng xe used to make repair panels for various body
repair purposes.
-Sheet metal blank
tấm kim loại dưới Sheet metal panel to cover up the area below the
ghế sau car seats, especially below the rear seat bench.
-Seat well

990 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 tấm kim loại mỏng Thin flat sheet of metal.
-Plate
tấm kim loại phía A deep-drawn steel panel fitted horizontally behind
sau ghế sau the rear seat back-rest of notchback saloons to
support the plastic or foam moulding that makes
up the rear shelf, visible from the outside.
-Sheet panel
tấm kính Sheet of a window glass.
-Pane
tấm kính che đèn Attachment between headlamp rim and lens,
used on some classic cars only.
-Headlamp visor
tấm mica trong che Small curved panel in front side window which
cửa hông khi xuống deflects wind and reduces draught with the
kính window open: typically made of transparent
acrylic, clear or smoked.
-Wing shield
tấm ngăn phía sau Rear deck panel.
-Deck panel
tấm ngăn thân van Plate sandwiched between two gaskets which
separates the upper and lower parts of the valve
body.
-Valve body separator plate
tấm phản chiếu ánh Part of a rear lamp cluster which reflects the light
sáng ở đuôi xe from headlamps behind.
-Reflector
tâm quay The theoretical point between the front wheels or
back wheels about which the car body rolls when
cornering; any centrifugal force causes the body
to rotate about the roll centre.
-Roll centre

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 991

 tấm thép Part made from sheet metal; e.g. door panel.
-Panel
tấm thùng xe tự gò Body panel made by somebody instead of the
original manufacturer, usually for repair purposes;
this also includes panels remanufactured after the
spare parts supplies from the factory have been
discontinued.
-Pattern panel
tấm trang trí Decorative interior panel.
-Trim panel
tấm vỉ bản cực Battery, the metal plate with holes, used as a
conductor and a support for the active material.
-Grid
tần số In relation to a radio station, number of cycles per
second expressed in hertz at which it broadcasts.
-Frequency
tần số dao động tự Frequency at which an object, circuit or system
do oscillates or vibrates when set in free vibration.
-Natural frequency
tân trang To recondition.
-Rebuild
tăng áp To increase the intake pressure of an internal
combustion engine with a supercharge.
-Supercharge
tăng áp bằng khí Turbocharging.
thải -Exhaust turbocharging
tăng áp bằng tua- A method of extracting more power from an
bin engine of a given capacity by means of a turbine
unit driven by exhaust gases and rotating at very
high speed.
-Turbocharging

992 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 tăng công suất của Modified or turned for greater power.
xe bằng cách cải -Souped up
tiến
tang đánh bóng Barrel used for a polishing process in which the
aluminium surface is smoothed in the presence of
metallic or ceramic shot by a rotating movement
of the barrel.
-Polishing barrel
tăng dòng đánh lửa Bypassing the ballast resistor of an ignition
lúc khởi động system when starting the engine.
-Start boosing
tăng ga Put your foot down on the accelerator, i.e. go
faster.
-Step on the gas
tăng hàm lượng Process of increasing the carbon content of steel
cacbon trong sản to produce a desired degree of hardness, yielding
xuất thép high carbon steel.
-Carburization
tăng tốc To go faster or make faster.
-Accelerate
tanh chính The part of the tyre bead in contact with the rim
bead seat.
-Bead base
tanh vỏ xe The part of a tyre which is shaped to fit the rim,
made of steel wires wrapped and reinforced by
the plies of the tyre.
-Bead
tạo khía To roughen with knurls.
-Knurl
tạo nên một lớp Excessive thickness of paint coat.
sơn quá dày -Heavy film build

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 993

 tạo ra To cause or to bring about.
-Induce
tạo ra cảm ứng To produce a voltage by electromagnetic
induction.
-To induce a voltage
táp-lô Panel below the windscreen which accommodates
the instruments and controls. It is also called
dash, dashboard, fascia.
-Instrument panel
ta-rô lấy vít gãy Tool for removing broken studs and screws, with
a tapered left-hand thread which is screwed into a
hole drilled in the piece to be removed.
-Screw extractor
ta-rô lỗ bắt bu-gi Tool used to enlarge and tap new threads in
damaged sparking plug holes in order to accept
sparking plug inserts.
-Sparking plug insert tap
tắt To damp or suppress.
-Quench
tay cầm mở ngăn Handle for opening the bootlid.
hành lý -Boot handle
tẩy dơ bẩn bằng Type of cleaning procedure to remove grease,
chất dễ bay hơi oil, and loosely attached solids from metals; a
solvent such as trichloroethylene is boiled, and its
vapours are condensed on the metal surfaces.
-Vapour degreasing
tay đòn bộ phận lái Drop arm.
-Steering gear arm
tay đòn di động hệ Independent suspension system in which each
thống treo độc lập axle pivots near the centre of the vehicle and the
movement of the axle changes the angle of camber.
-Swing arm suspension or swing axle

994 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 tay gạt số (US) gear or selector lever.
-Shifter
tay kéo ca-pô bên Part of a car door interior used to pull the door
trong shut.
-Grab handle
tay lái thuận Steering system where the steering wheel is
located on the left-hand side of the vehicle; used
for driving on the right, as in most parts of the
world, except for some Commonwealth countries
(e.g. the UK and Australia), and Japan, which is
opposite to right-hand drive.
-Left-hand drive
tay nắm mở cửa Interior or exterior handle for opening a door.
-Door handle
tay nắm mở cửa Door handle which is pulled away from the door
bên ngoài skin to open the door from the outside.
-Pull-out door handle
tẩy nhờn To remove the oil and grease from the surface (of
a part).
-Degrease
tay quay Having an elbow or right angle shape in it, e.g. a
starting handle or wheel brace.
-Cranked
tay quay để khởi Cranked handle for turning an engine over
động động cơ manually.
-Starting handle
tay quay động cơ Arm incorporating a right angle, often mounted on
a shaft.
-Crank
tay quay dùng cho Drive handle for use with sockets, with one end
tuýp có đầu lệch set at 90o to the handle.
90o -Offset handle

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 995

 tay quay tarô Tool used to hold and drive taps, reamers, and
screw extractors with two long handles to provide
high leverage for turning operation.
-Tap holder.

tay số năm Highest ratio in a five-speed gearbox.

-Fifth (gear)

tay số D The position (D) on the gear selector of an

automatic gearbox for the forward gears.
-D.

tay số đậu (tay số One of the positions of the gear selector for an
P trong hộp số tự automatic gearbox; when engaged (after the
động) vehicle has come to a complete standstill) the
driving wheels are locked.
-Park (P)

tay số lùi R Reverse.

-R

tay số N Position of the gearbox in which no gear is

engaged; indicated by the letter N on automatic
gear selectors.
-Neutral handling

tay số thấp Driving gear ratio for hilly terrain; the top gear is
not engaged, and the engine brake takes effect.
-Low

tên cũ của bướm Old name for choke.

gió -Strangler

tên gọi của xe The original rear engined volkswagen.

Volkswagen -Beetle

tên kim loại zirconi Metallic element.

-Zirconium

996 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 tên thương mại của Trademark for a special type of hot-dip
một loại thép tráng galvanized steel sheet with a coating consisting
hợp kim of a zinc alloy containing 5% Aluminium and
rare earths.
-Galfan
thải ra To push out or discharge (combustion gases).
-Exhaust
thảm bọc ghế bằng Seat cover made of a network of wood beads.
các miếng gỗ nhỏ -Bead seat mat
thảm lót chân Carpet made to fit the front and rear footwells,
and also the boot in better equipped models.
-Carpeting
thảm lót sàn Additional loose rubber or carpeting mat on the
car floor. In US English, it is floor shift.
-Floor mat
thân bộ chia điện A bowl-like part containing the distributor shaft
with the rotor arm at its top end, and in the
conventional version, the centrifugal advance
mechanism and the contact breaker.
-Distributor body
thân bu-gi Sparking plug shell.
-Sparking plug body
thân bu-lông Shank of a bolt.
-Body
than chì Form of carbon used in marking brushes for
motors and generators and as a lubricant.
-Graphite
than cốc Black material with good electrical properties of
conductivity.
-Carbon

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 997

 thân đỡ bạc lót Housing for a bearing, such as the centre section
of a turbocharger which supports compressor
and turbine housings and the shaft to which the
compressor and turbine wheels are attached.
-Bearing housing
than đóng lại trên Suspended solids of carbon and unburnt
pô hydrocarbons from the exhaust system.
-Particulate matter
than hoạt tính Highly porous carbon, usually in pellet from,
granular, or powdered, characterized by fine
pores resulting in a very large surface area per
unit volume, hence able to absorb gases, fluids,
etc.
-Activated carbon
thân lốp xe Carcass.
-Tyre body
thân máy Cast-iron or, less frequently, cast-alloy casing
containing the cylinders of an internal combustion
engine, with a water jacket if water-cooled or
cooling fins if air-cooled, and usually in one piece
with the crankcase.
-Cylinder block
thân pít-tông The part of a piston below the gudgeon pin and
ring belt area; its temperature can reach 1300 0C.
-Piston skirt
thân xú-páp Narrow cylindrical rod which supports the valve
head and moves up and down in the valve guide.
-Valve stem
thân thanh truyền Longitudinal, usually I-section, part of the
connecting rod.
-Connecting rod shank

998 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 thân van Part of the valve assembly containing plungers,
pistons, springs, etc.
-Valve body
thân xe Complete body structure mounted on the chassis
of vehicles with separate chassis, and the
complete assembly of sheet metal panels for car
of unitary construction.
-Bodywork
thân xe có hình Early type of touring car with a streamlined
dáng giống quả ngư torpedo-like body.
lôi -Torpedo body
thân xe được làm Body whose shell is moulded in one piece from
bằng sợi thủy tinh fibreglass.
-Fibreglass body
thân xe được mạ Body shell which, apart from aluminium and
kẽm hoàn toàn plastic parts, is produced entirely of double-sided
galvanized steel and galvanizing fluid.
-Fully galvanized body
thân xe trước khi Complete body structure mounted on the chassis
sơn of vehicles with separate chassis, and the
complete assembly of sheet metal panels for car
of unitary construction.
-Bodywork.
thẳng hàng To align with.
-Register (with)
thắng phụ Auxiliary brake used on commercial vehicles
and coaches (it is a requirement in some EU
countries).
-Retarder
thanh mở bu-lông L-shaped tool for turning recessed screws.
chìm hình L -Offset wrench

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 999

 thanh cản Upward extension of a bumper to protect lights
and (at the front of the car) the grille.
-Bull bar
thanh cân bằng On suspension system link, which connects the
anti-roll bar to the lower wishbone.
-Stabilizer link.
thanh cân bằng Horizontal bar which is pulled forward when the
trong phanh tay handbrake is applied at its central point, which
is pivoted, while it is connected, at each end to
the handbrake cable, enabling equal force to be
exerted on each rear brake.
-Compensator
thanh cản ngắn gắn Type of shortened bumper designed to give a car
thêm để xe có dáng a sporting image.
thể thao -Quarter bumper
thanh cản phía cửa Side impact bar.
-Door beam
thanh cản phía Bumper protecting the front of the vehicle,
trước combined in modern cars with a front spoiler or
air dam.
-Front bumper or Nudge bar.
thanh cản sau Rear bumper with integral skirt; a large plastic
mounting.
-Rear bumper skirt
thanh chắn xe Usually tubular or curved section separate
bumper.
-Bumper bar
thanh chống A structural member, especially as part of a
framework, used to stiffen, give strength or carry
weight.
-Strut

1000 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 thanh chống bộ Suspension strut whose hub carries is attached
giảm chấn to the spring element rather than to the damper
tube.
-Damper strut
thanh chống chính The bar which carries the main load when the
hood is raised and taut, and defines the hinge
point for the folding motion.
-Main bar or bow
thanh chống lắc xe Anti-roll bar.
-Anti-sway bar
thanh chống lưng Seat support for the lower back.
ghế -Lumbar support
thanh chống mui Old term for hood bar.
xếp -Hood stick. One of at least four struts that
support a hood; usually made of tubular or sheet
steel.
-Hood bar or bow
thanh chống nắp Rod which engages in a hole in the bonnet to
ca-pô hold it in the open position.
-Bonnet stay
thanh có thể hiệu Metal sleeve with opposite internal threads each
chỉnh chiều dài qua end for the threaded ends of two rods or for
đai ốc ringbolts, forming a coupling that can be turned
to tighten or loosen the rods or wires attached to
the ringbolts.
-Turnbuckle
thanh cứng kéo xe Rigid bar used for towing disabled vehicle short
distances.
-Tow bar
thanh dạng chữ T ở Roof with a T-shaped bar connecting windscreen
mui xe and rear section of roof.
-T-bar roof

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1001

 thanh đẩy guốc Push bar between the shoes in a drum brake.
phanh -Parking brake lever strut
thanh đẩy phụ của Additional suspension link in a beam axle layout
hệ thống treo providing the fore-and-aft location of the axle.
-Radius arm or rod
thanh đẩy pít-tông Rod which operates the piston in a telescopic
damper.
-Piston rod
thanh điều chỉnh Sleeve on the end of the tie rod which shortens or
góc chụm bánh xe lengthens it to increase or reduce toe-out.
-Adjusting sleeve
thanh đỡ A short angle or box section member that runs
across part of the car.
-Outrigger
thanh đỡ mui xe Roof rail.
-Can trail
thanh đỡ va chạm (US) Type of front bumper guard, typically made of
làm bằng thép mạ chrome-plated steel tubing; extends horizontally
crôm hoặc inox from below front end and is curved upward; a
pair of nerf bars is usually braced by a horizontal
crossbar. In Australian, it is called roo bar.
-Negative wheel offset or negative wheel
dish(ing)
thanh dọc chính Main side member.
-Longeron
thanh dọc chính Side member.
của sườn xe -Longitudinal girder or member
thanh dọc sườn xe Box-section member inboard of the outer sill that
often runs from the front to the rear of the car
and provides reinforcement of both sides of the
floorpan.
-Side member

1002 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 thanh được lắp vào Tow bar.
đằng sau xe ô tô -T.b
thanh gia cố khung Structural member for reinforcing bodywork.
xe -Rib
thanh giằng Part used to provide of support.
-Bracing
thanh giằng hệ Suspension strut.
thống treo -Strut
thanh giằng hệ Suspension strut incorporating a shock absorber
thống treo tự cân with a rubber boot filled with compressed air,
bằng serving as an auxiliary pneumatic spring.
-Self-levelling (suspension) strut
thanh giằng Suspension unitary construction of spring and
MacPherson hệ damper elements with the hub carrier being
thống treo attached rigidly to the outer tubular member.
-MacPherson strut
thanh kéo Two converging bars forming a Vor an A-frame at
the front of a trailer or caravan, which carry the
coupling for attachment to the towing vehicle.
-Drawbar
thanh kẹp Tool with a fixed head and a sliding foot for
clamping purposes.
-Bar clamp
thanh khí động ở Aerofoil mounted on the rear deck, typically
đuôi xe made of shock-resistant polyurethane with
paintable matt black finish; effective only at
high speeds, but frequently used for the sake
of appearance.
-Rear spoiler
thanh lái Tie rod.
-Side rod

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1003

 thanh lăn Strong, tubular bar which reinforces the roof of a
car, especially one used for occupants if the car
should overturn.
-Roll bar
thanh liên kết hệ Any arm which links the chassis to the axle.
thống treo -Suspension link
thanh lò xo In 5-bar hood mechanisms, an additional bar
between the main bar and the rear window;
spring loaded, it assists the main bar in shaping
the hood; a similar effect can be achieved by
spring-steel leaves embedded in the canvas.
-Spring bar or bow
thanh ngang Any transverse bar, especially a tie rod across the
chassis, also specifically the top tube of a cycle or
motorcycle frame.
-Crossbar
thanh ngang Any structural main body or chassis member
(khung) mounted transversely, i.e. linking left and right
hand side members.
-Cross member
thanh ngang cầu Tubular frame member at the rear of the body shell
sau that incorporates the mounting points for the rear
axle, e.g. on the VW Beetle and the Porsch 911.
-Rear axle cross member
thanh ngang chống Steel torsion bar running across the car as part
lật khi quay vòng of the front and, less frequently, rear suspension
layout and used to reduce body roll during
cornering.
-Anti-roll bar
thanh ngang trên Front bar of a hood which attaches to the top
kính trước of the windscreen frame; usually made of sheet
steel shaped to match the top front edge to the
curvature of the windscreen.
-Header bar or (US) header bow

1004 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 thanh nối Movable, hinged piece connecting moving parts
of a machine.
-Link
thanh nối các bản The conducting connection between the lugs of
cực cùng dấu plates of like polarity and the cell terminal.
-Plate strap
thanh nối của màng An arm connecting the diaphragm and the
trong đánh lửa sớm distributor base plate in a vacuum advance
chân không mechanism.
-Diaphragm link
thanh nối giữa các Electric conductor that carries electric current
ngăn ắc quy between the adjacent cells of a battery.
-Inter-cell link
thanh nối hệ thống Suspension link.
treo -Link
thanh nối khung xe Any box-section member which forms part of the
structural components of the vehicle chassis.
-Frame member
thanh nối trong hệ All parts conveying movement from the rack or
thống lái steering box to the steering swivels (e.g. track
rods and steering arms).
-Steering linkage
thanh nối Watt để A means of reducing or eliminating lateral
giảm lực trượt movement of a beam axle relative to the vehicle
ngang body, consisting of an upright member at the
centre of the axle whose top and bottom are
connected by rods to the sides of the body Watt.
-Watt linkage
thành phần chi tiết Part which may be either a single piece, such as
a brush, or an assembly such as a starter or a
fuel pump.
-Component.

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1005

 thành phần của Thick hygroscopic liquid which is used as the
chất chống đông main constituent of antifreeze formulations.
-Ethylene glycol
thành phần đóng Any structural component which, if it collapsed,
vai trò an toàn could make the car uncontrollable or would
seriously reduce occupant safety in a crash.
-Primary structure component
thành phần thân xe Structural part of the body.
-Body component
thanh răng Long, toothed bar.
-Rack
thanh trục chính Main bow.
-Hinge bow
thanh truyền Bar forming the link between piston and
crankshaft, and transmitting the force exerted by
the piston to the crankshaft.
-Connecting rod
thanh truyền chính In two-stroke dual piston engines, the connecting
động cơ hai kỳ rod that is articulated directly on the crankshaft.
-Master con rod
thanh truyền hình Special split con rod to take two pistons for
chữ Y uniflow-scavenging two-stroke engines with two
pistons per cylinder.
-Forked con rod
thanh truyền phụ Connecting rod of two-stroke dual piston engines
trong động cơ hai which is articulated on the master con rod, not
kỳ pít-tông đôi directly on the crankpin.
-Slave con rod
thanh tự cân bằng Self-levelling (suspension) strut.
-Modular air strut

1006 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 thành xi-lanh Internal face of the cylinder or bore.
-Cylinder wall
thanh xoắn Panhard rod.
-Track bar
thanh xoắn nối từ Metal bar attached at one end to the body and
cuối thân xe đến at the other to the axle, which acts as a torsional
cầu spring when twisted by the movement of the car.
-Torsion bar
thanh xoắn Panhard Transversely mounted bar between a beam axle
and the vehicle body as a lateral location of the
axle.
-Panhard rod
tháo cọc ắc quy Remove the battery terminals.
-Disconnect the battery
tháo rã To dismantle a vehicle and sell the parts.
-Break up
tháo rời To unbind an iterm becoming separated parts.
-Disassemble
tháo rời các bộ To take (a car, engine, etc.) to pieces.
phận -Dismantle
tháo, cách ly To remove by pushing out.
-Evacuate
thấp nhất Lower or lowest.
-Bottom
thắt nút To form a kink (check for kinked, clogged, or
damaged hoses).
-Kink
thấu kính hội tụ ánh Lens are in a headlamp glass to help focus the
sáng đèn đầu beam.
-Diffusing lens

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1007

 thay bánh xe Changing a defective wheel.
-Wheel changing

thay bố phanh trống To replace the brake shoes in drum brakes.

-Reline

thay đổi góc phân Advancing and retarding valve timing to increase
phối khí efficiency by precisely controlling the amount of
valve overlap.
-Variable valve timing

thay đổi khoảng To modify the stroke of an engine, by using

chạy a different crankshaft to increase or reduce
displacement; stroking normally refers to an
increase in cc or litre.
-Stroke

thẻ đăng bộ xe Papers giving details of a vehicle, including its

manufacturer, date of registration, engine and
chassis numbers, and owner’s name.
-Registration document

thẻ đăng kiểm xe Document which specifies the registered

keeper(s) of a vehicle.
-Vehicle registration document

thế hệ xe dùng hộp Passenger car with a manual gearbox.

số thường -Manual version

thể khí Referring to gas.

-Gaseous

thể tích Cubic capacity.

-Volume

thể tích buồng đốt Space remaining above the piston of an engine
when it is at top dead centre.
-Clearance volume

1008 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 thể tích đẩy That part of the cylinder capacity that is swept
by the pistons on their up and down strokes,
i.e. the volume through which a piston moves in
one stroke, formed by the bore diameter and the
piston stroke.
-Swept volume
thể tích không khí Quantity of air.
-Air volume
thể tích xi-lanh Swept volume.
-Displacement
then bán nguyệt Semicircular key that slots into a curved keyway
in a shaft to prevent rotational movement between
the shaft and a hub or pulley.
-Woodruff key
then gài Part of the locking mechanism of doors, bonnets,
boots, tailgates.
-Latch
theo chiều dọc Lengthways.
-Longitudinal
theo tuyến đường To lay (something) in a certain direction.
-Route
thép An alloy of iron containing a small percentage of
carbon.
-Steel
thép cacbon thấp Steel containing 0.03 to 0.3 percent carbon
(typically 0.2%).
-Low-carbon steel
thép cao cacbon A very hard steel, as opposed to plain carbon
steel.
-High carbon steel

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1009

 thép ít cacbon Type of steel with a low carbon content (0.1-
0.25%), widely used in vehicle construction.
-Mild steel
thép không gỉ Type of steel containing nickel and chromium,
which is resistant to corrosion.
-Stainless steel
thép tấm có độ rộng Sheet steel less than 600 mm wide.
ít hơn 600 mm -Steel strip
thép tấm phủ nhựa Trademark of a special type of coil-coated steel
và kẽm sheet with plastic and zinc dust coating, which is
proved to be useful in automobile manufacture.
-Zincrometal
thép trong lốp xe Tyre lever, the term tyre iron is occasionally used
to denote a wheelbrace with a flat end and a
socket end.
-Tyre iron
thì Any of a series of continuous, often reciprocating,
movements; a cycle.
-Stroke
thì giãn nở Power stroke.
-Expansion stroke
thì nạp Induction stroke.
-Charging stroke
thì nén Upward stroke of the piston with both valves
closed; as the piston ascends, the air/ fuel mixture
(in diesel engines air only) is temperature of the
charge before ignition.
-Compression stroke
thì sinh công Working or power stroke in a two-stroke engine.
-Effective stroke

1010 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 thì thải In spark ignition and diesel engines, the upward
stroke of the piston when the energy of combustion
is spent and the piston moves upward again,
the exhaust valve opens and burned gases are
forced out past the open exhaust valve.
-Exhaust stroke
thiết bị Devices and systems fitted to a vehicle which are
either essential or optional, and either fitted by
the manufacturer (original equipment).
-Equipment
thiết bị báo mòn Either a mechanical system which produces
phanh screeching, squealing, or scraping noise when
the pads are worn, as the metal indicators contact
the brake discs, or an electrical system in which
worn pads close an electric circuit that illuminates
a warning light on the instrument panel.
-Brake pad wear indicator
thiết bị báo thời Coin-operated timing device that indicates how
gian có thể đỗ xe long a vehicle may legally remain parked.
-Parking meter
thiết bị bảo vệ ắc Device on vehicle with electric motor drive, which
quy triggers a warning indicator and/ or turns off the
power supply when the battery voltage drop
below a certain minimum level.
-Battery discharge controller
thiết bị cân bằng Wheel balancer.
bánh xe -Balancer
thiết bị căng đai Arrangement for tightening a drive belt, often
comprising an idler pulley whose position can be
adjusted.
-Belt tensioner
thiết bị cạo bỏ sơn Liquid paint remover.
-Paint stripper

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1011

 thiết bị cắt khung Cutting tool drawn manually across a panel
bằng tay surface to cut to the desired shape.
-Manual panel cutter
thiết bị châm dung Device with a suction ball which can suck up
dịch liquid and discharge it into the battery.
-Battery filler
thiết bị chính hãng Original Equipment (manufacturer).
-OE
thiết bị dạng cánh Generally, a wing-shaped device designed to
gắn vào xe reduce lift at high speed, but may take various
forms and may be attached to the vehicle in
various places.
-Spoiler
thiết bị điện mắc Two or more electrical components each receiving
song song the same voltage.
-Parallel
thiết bị điều chỉnh Device for moving something into a different or
the correct position.
-Adjuster
thiết bị điều chỉnh Device which adjusts the sound balance of front
cân bằng âm thanh and rear speakers in a four-speaker layout.
-Fader
thiết bị điều chỉnh Device for moving something into a different or
vị trí the correct position.
-Adjuster
thiết bị điều khiển Device used to regulate the functioning of system,
either operated by the driver by mean of a lever,
knob or switch, or operating automatically.
-Control
thiết bị điều khiển Device for maintaining a constant temperature in
nhiệt độ tự động the vehicle interior.
-Automatic Temperature Control (ATC)

1012 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 thiết bị điều khiển A system of inflation control seams on advanced
tốc độ bung túi khí air bags to control the inflation speed and inflation
characteristics. It is also called tear seam, whose
negative connotations are perhaps inappropriate
in a safety-related context.
-Inflation control seam
thiết bị đo công Device for measuring the power of an engine.
suất động cơ -Brake
thiết bị đo độ lệch Measuring instrument for determining car body
khung xe misalignment.
-Frame gauge
thiết bị đo độ lệch Sevice incorporating a sighting pin, used to
thân xe measure car bodies for misalignment.
-Sighting point gauge
thiết bị đo độ Clinometer.
nghiêng -Inclinometer
thiết bị đo dòng có Ammeter with a milliampere scale.
đơn vị mA -Milliammeter
thiết bị đo góc Instrument for measuring the dwell angle.
ngậm -Dwell meter
thiết bị đo khe hở Tool such as a feeler gauge used to check
distances and clearances between parts for
adjustment purposes.
-Adjusting gauge
thiết bị đo khí CO Device for checking exhaust gas for carbon
monoxide, a high lever of which indicates an
over-rich mixture as well as causing pollution.
-CO meter
thiết bị đo lưu Device for measuring the quantity of a substance
lượng passing through it.
-Meter

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1013

 thiết bị đo sức nén Instrument for measuring engine compression
when the running or cranking the engine, usually
inserted in the plughole on petrol engines.
-Compression tester
thiết bị đọc mã lỗi Device to be used in conjunction with the vehicle’s
diagnostic system, providing a read-out of the
values measured, etc.
-Fault reader
thiết bị dùng để The device used for this.
điều khiển từ xa -Remote control
thiết bị giải trí Car audio system, typically consisting of a radio/
cassette player and perhaps a CD player (ICE).
-Incar entertainment.
thiết bị giảm tia cực Any substance that absorbs ultraviolet radiation,
tím then dissipates the energy in a harmless form;
used in plastics and rubbers to decrease light
sensitivity.
-UV absorber or stabilizer
thiết bị hấp thu An impact-damping element located between
chấn động bumper and bumper mounting to keep impact
energy from propagating into the car body.
-Impact absorber
thiết bị khuếch đại Device used to produce a larger electrical signal,
as to amplify sound signals in radios, etc.
-Amplifier
thiết bị kiểm tra ắc Voltage meter or hydrometer for checking the
quy state of charge of a battery.
-Battery tester
thiết bị kiểm tra độ Instrument used, the first is to determine the
phóng điện của ắc percentage of charge in each cell of a car battery
quy by checking the electrolyte special gravity.
-Hydrometer

1014 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 thiết bị kiểm tra Device into which a driver blows to determine the
lượng rượu đã amount of alcohol in his breath and thus in his
uống qua hơi thở blood.
-Breathalyser

thiết bị kiểm tra sự Electromagnetic device used to find short circuits

chập mạch trong in coils.
cuộn dây -Growler

thiết bị kiểm tra tự Automatic equipment.

động -ATE

thiết bị làm bung túi Unit that triggers the air bag in a crash, containing
khí a deceleration sensor, a Hamlin switch and a
check circuit.
-Triggering device or unit electronic control

thiết bị làm cho Device which synchronizes.

đồng bộ, đồng tốc -Synchronizer

thiết bị làm xe Device that makes something immobile (such as

không chạy được a wheel clamp).
-Immobilizer

thiết bị lọc khí thải Diesel exhaust gas purification system which
cools the exhaust and separates nitrogen oxide
and oil vapours from the gas stream.
-Exhaust scrubber

thiết bị nén lò xo Spring compressor.

-Coil spring compressor

thiết bị ngắt đánh Standard feature of car alarm systems.

lửa để chống trộm -Ignition disabler

thiết bị ổn định tốc Device which ensures steady engine rpm at idle
độ cầm chừng speed.
-Idle speed adjust or idle speed stabilizer

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1015

 thiết bị phân tích Device which can establish the hydrocarbon,
khí thải carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide content of
the exhaust gases, used for tuning the engine
or testing to see whether emissions control
standards are met.
-Exhaust gas analyzer
thiết bị phụ That is the automatic test equipment.
ATE -ATE ancillary equipment
thiết bị sấy sơn ở Equipment for drying coats of paint at low
nhiệt độ thấp temperatures.
-Low-bake equipment
thiết bị tách dầu bôi Wire-mesh filter used to trap oil in the fumes
trơn từ ống thông drawn out of the engine by the crankcase
hơi các-te ventilation system.
-Oil separa
thiết bị tạo vấu Joggler.
-Panel flanger
thiết bị tháo khớp Tool for forcing out ball or tapered joints, either
cầu in the form of the simple fork with wedge-shaped
jaw which is struck with a hammer to separate the
joint, or a tool using direct pressure from a screw-
activated lever action to split the joint.
-Ball joint separator
thiết bị theo dõi These are odometer or speedometer.
hoạt động xe - Vehicle activity tracking device.
thiết bị tiêu chuẩn Those parts and systems of a vehicle supplied
by the manufacturer at no extra cost, i.e. they are
included in the basic price for a given model. It is
opposite to optional equipment.
-Standard equipment

1016 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 thiết kế To arrange the parts or construction of (a car, an
engine, etc.).
-Design
thiết kế khung và vỏ Unitary design in which body and chassis are all
nguyên khối one unit, which is also called unitary construction.
-Monocoque
thiết kế nhờ máy Computer-aided design.
tính -CAD
thiết kế thân xe khí To design the shape of a car body or lorry cab so
động học that it reduces air resistance to a minimum.
-Streamline
thiết kế xe để cabin Passenger car design with a relatively short front
rộng end, and footwells extending up to the front axle,
providing added passenger space.
-Cabin forward design.
thiếu xăng Of a weak air/ fuel mixture that has less petrol
than normal, which is opposite to rich.
-Lean
thợ điện ô tô Electrician working on and designing systems for
motor vehicles.
-Automotive electrician
thợ đồng Person who beats out the dented bodywork of a
damaged vehicle.
-Panel beater
thợ làm đồng xe Coach-builder.
-Body builder
thợ máy Person who works on engines or machines.
-Mechanic
thợ rã xe để bán Person who breaks up cars and sometimes
phụ tùng other vehicles which are worn out or no longer
roadworthy and will sell any reusable parts.
-Breaker

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1017

 thợ sửa chữa ô tô Motor mechanic.
-Automobile mechanic
thợ trét matit Filler.
-Body filler
thời điểm đánh lửa Moment of spark firing.
-Ignition point
thời điểm đánh lửa Position to which the ignition is set, which is then
cơ bản varied by the automatic advance system.
-Basic ignition setting or timing
thời điểm đánh lửa Electronic ignition system with an integral
được điều khiển microprocessor determining the correct timing
bằng máy tính using inform action from crankshaft and camshaft
sensors.
-Computer controlled ignition timing
thời gian cần thiết Time required before a dry-charged battery is
để ắc quy sử dụng ready for use after being filled with acid.
được -Soaking time
thời gian đáp ứng The time it takes a turbocharger to respond after
của tua-bin the accelerator pedal has been depressed.
-Turbo lag
thời gian đáp ứng The time needed to respond to a situation,
phanh translated into the distance required for this,
depending on the speed of travel; braking
distance plus reaction distance equals the
stopping distance.
-Reaction distance
thời gian đến dự Estimated time of arrival.
kiến -ETA
thời gian khô sơn Time required for most of the solvent to escape
from a freshly applied paint coat.
-Flash time

1018 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 thời gian kích hoạt Time required to come to a standstill after the
phanh brakes have been applied, i.e. not including the
driver’s reaction time.
-Activated braking time
thời gian ngậm Period during which the primary circuit is closed
and primary current flows through the ignition coil,
given in crankshaft or distributor shaft degrees
and therefore also called dwell angle.
-Dwell period
thời gian ngắt mạch Time lag between ignition triggering and the
đánh ở bu-gi production of a spark.
-Ignition delay
thời gian phun The length of time for which fuel is sprayed into
the inlet ports or combustion chamber during fuel
injection.
-Injection period
thời gian tia lửa tồn Burning time of the arc following the initial
tại flashover between the sparking plug electrodes
until the residual energy decays.
-Spark duration
thời gian tôi Time required for a plastic such as a filler or
coating to harden.
-Curing time
thời gian trễ cháy In a diesel engine, the time lag between fuel
injection and combustion.
-Ignition lag
thời gian vít mở Period during which the contact breaker points
remain open.
-Break time
thời gian xông Preheating time of a diesel engine.
trước -Glow time

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1019

 thói quen lái xe Personal behaviour at the wheel, including typical
speeds under certain circumstances, frequency,
timing and smoothness of gear charges, use of
the brakes and so on.
-Driving habits
thổi với áp suất cao To clean (a blocked pipe,etc.) by blowing or
passing air under high pressure through it.
-Blow out
thông khí hộp các- Positive Crankcase Ventilation.
te -PCV
thông số kích thước Specified on the tyre sidewall; e.g. P 205/60 R
vỏ lốp xe 15, where: P = Passenger car; 205 = tyre width in
millimetres; 60 = tyre section height to width ratio;
R = radial ply; 15 = nominal run diameter in inches.
-Tyre size (designation)
thông số kỹ thuật Performance data as specified by the car
xe từ nhà sản xuất manufacturer.
-Manufacturer’s performance ratings
thông số ngõ vào Clutch shaft.
-Input shaft
thông số niềng The nominal rim diameter, nominal rim width and
bánh xe any abbreviations and codes for the contour of
the rim.
-RIM designation
thông số vành bánh Coded description of a one-piece wheel rim. It is
xe liền opposite to multi-piece rim.
-One-piece rim designation
thủ công (US) Built by hand.
-Handcrafted
thử độ bền Test of a material or system over a long period.
-Endurance test

1020 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 thử nghiệm khả Determination of the resistance to breakage by flexural
năng vỡ khi va shock of plastics, as indicated by the energy extracted
chạm của nhựa from ‘standardized’ pendulum-type hammers,
mounted in standard machines, in breaking standard
specimens with one pendulum swing.
-Impact resistance test
thử nghiệm tăng One method of acceleration testing in which the
tốc bằng cách vehicle starts from rest.
cho xe chạy -Standing start
thử nghiệm va Controlled test in which a vehicle is propelled into a
chạm wall or another vehicle at a given speed, in order to
study the effect on its structure, the effectiveness of
safety belts, etc.
-Crash test
thứ tự đánh lửa Sequence of igniting the air/ fuel mixture in the
cylinders of a multi-cylinder engine.
-Firing order
thử xe mới để A test of a car (e.g. a new model) in actual use; for
kiểm tra tính example, by a magazine for comparison with other
năng sử dụng models.
-Road test
thuế cầu đường Annual tax paid in order to use a vehicle on the
roads.
-Road tax
thuế xe Tax add to the price of a new car, or tax payable
annually or six-monthly for using a caron the road.
-Car tax
thùng chứa Any container for liquit or gas.
-Tank
thùng chứa bộ Bottom radiator tank in a thermosyphon water-
tản nhiệt cooling system.
-Bottom tank

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1021

 thùng chứa chất Any container filled with fluid.
lỏng -Reservoir
thùng để hành lý In US English, it is boot.
đằng sau xe -Trunk
thùng nhiên liệu Reservoir from which fuel is taken for the engine.
-Fuel tank
thùng nhiên liệu Fuel tank mounted above the rear axle.
đặt trên cầu sau -Saddle tank
thùng sau xe tải Cargo-carrying area of a van or lorry.
-Load floor
thùng tiếp tế Tanker for refuelling especially military vehicles and
nhiên liệu aircraft.
-Bowser.
thùng xe Main visible upper structure of a vehicle, as opposed
to the chassis and running gear.
-Body
thước đo chiều Measuring tool for depth measurements.
sâu -Depth gauge
thước kẹp Measuring tool with two legs usually mounted in a
slide on a measuring bar, for internal and external
measurement; some designs allow depth and step
measurement a well; the different types include
vernier calipers, dial calipers, or digital calipers.
-Caliper
thước kẹp có Slide-type caliper with dial-type indicator.
đồng hồ -Dial caliper
thước kẹp có Slide-type caliper with digital read out.
màn hiện số -Digital caliper
thuộc mặt bên Relating to the side.
-Lateral

1022 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 thước thẳng Rule-type tool without graduation for checking, e.g.
không chia warp of cylinder block and head.
-Straight edge
thuộc về kim loại Referring to or consisting of metal.
-Metallic
thuộc về ô tô Relating to or occurring in motor vehicles.
-Automotive
Thyristor (thiết bị Silicon controlled rectifier which converts alternating
bán dẫn có nhiều current to a uni-directional current.
lớp) -Thyristor
tỉ lệ không khí và The ratio of air and fuel.
nhiên liệu -A/F
tỉ số gió và nhiên Relating to the combination of air and fuel in the
liệu charge for combustion.
-Air/fuel (A/F)
tỉ số giữa Relation of the piston stroke to the diameter of the
khoảng chạy và cylinder of an engine, which provides information
đường kính xi- as to whether the engine is a short stroke or a long
lanh stroke unit.
-Bore/stroke ratio
tỉ số giữa tải và Ratio of the load on a spring to the amount it moves
độ dịch chuyển (deflects), measured in newtons per millimetre.
của lò xo -Spring rate
tỉ số nén Ratio of the volume between the piston and cylinder
head when the piston is at the top of its stroke (top
dead centre).
-Compression ratio (CR).
tỉ số truyền bánh The number of revolutions of driving gear required to
răng turn a driven gear through one complete revolution.
-Gear ratio

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1023

 tỉ số truyền động Ratio of engine revolutions to road wheel revolutions,
producing road speed as a ratio of engine speed
(sometimes expressed as mph per 1000 rpm).
-Overall gear ratio
tỉ số truyền động Final drive ratio.
cuối cùng -Back axle ratio
tỉ số truyền mô- Torque conversion in fluid converters on taking up
men trong biến drive, i. e. when the turbine is still stationary; stage
mô of maximum torque multiplication.
-Stall torque ratio
tia lửa Electric spark that jumps across the sparking plug
gap to initiate the combustion of the air/fuel mixture.
-Spark
tia lửa điện A spark that jumps from the negative centre electrode
phóng từ điện to the positive earth electrode of the sparking plug,
cực giữa của allowing a reduction in the high voltage require.
bu-gi -Negative spark
tia lửa hàn điện Sparks produced during the welding process; more
pronounced if the welding parameters are not correctly
set or if impurities are present on the welded area.
-Spatter
tia lửa ở kỳ thải In distributorless ignition systems, dual-spark coils
trong đánh lửa fire two sparking plugs at the same time; one of
trực tiếp these sparks is in a cylinder during its exhaust
stroke, where the spark has no effect (waste spark);
the other spark occurs in the cylinder near the end
of the compression stroke.
-Waste spark method
tia lửa phụ Secondary spark occurring when a spark is
extinguished and reignited in the course of the spark
duration, especially if the mixture is turbulent.
-Follow-up spark

1024 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 tia phun lệch do Incorrect setup of a spray gun, giving a spray pattern
chỉnh sai súng that is heavy at the top and bottom but narrow in the
phun sơn middle.
-Split spray
tiền đại lý phải A markup, e.g 2 percent, that the dealer pays the
ứng thêm cho manufacturer on each new car that is added to his
nhà sản xuất stock; this amount is rebated to the dealer after the
car is sold.
-Holdback
tiện nghi và sang Slightly more luxurious specification than comfort.
trọng -Comfort Luxe
tiền thưởng nhờ Reduction in insurance premiums because no
lái xe an toàn claims have been made.
-No-claims bonus
tiếng gõ In US English, it is pinking.
-Pinging
tiếng gõ của Noises are caused by the rapid rise when the
động cơ diesel pressure in a diesel engine rises, especially, when it
is low speeds and cold.
-Diesel knock
tiếng gõ động cơ Engine knock.
-Knock
tiếng gõ kích nổ Metallic, pinging noise caused by detonation or
partial detonation in the combustion chamber of
a cylinder, usually due to low-octane fuel or over-
advanced ignition.
- (US) Pinking or pinging
tiếng kêu đặc Low-pitched noise made by worn main bearings.
trưng do bạc lót -Rumble
trục khuỷu mòn
tiếng kêu khi vào Not smooth, causing a slight crashing of gears; often
số caused by the clutch failing to disengage fully.
-Notchy

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1025

 tiếng khựng của Noise from an engine which indicates that it is likely
động cơ to break down at any moment.
-Death rattle
tiếng nổ ở cuối Sound coming from the end of the exhaust pipe.
pô -Exhaust note
tiếng nổ ở ống Explosion either at the wrong time in the cylinder, or
thải do lửa trễ of unburnt or only partly burnt mixture in the exhaust
system, causing a loud bang.
-Backfire
tiếng nổ vang ở Low-pitched resonance, esp. in the exhaust.
ống thải -Booming
tiếng ồn trên ống Noise caused by the intake of air by an engine at
nạp khi chạy ga full throttle.
lớn -Induction noise
tiếng rít của vỏ Noise made by the tyres when suffering sudden
xe acceleration or braking or when cornering too fast.
-Tyre squeal
tiếp điểm Mechanical switch as the part of the distributor of
breaker-triggered ignition systems which breaks
the primary current at the ignition point to provide a
spark, consisting of a fixed contact or point and an
arm with a moving contact or point .
-Contact breaker (CB)
tiếp điểm di động Component of a solenoid switch; in a starter motor it
is designed for switching on the electric circuit in the
excitation and armature windings.
-Moving contact
tiếp xúc To make contact, especially of gear tee.
-Abut

1026 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 tiết diện dạng A sheet metal section often used on underbody
chữ U structural members; it differs from a box section in
that the fourth wall of the box is missing, i.e. its cross
section more or less resembles the letter U.
-U section
tiết kiệm Economy (gear).
-E
tiết kiệm nhiên Using only a small amount of fuel.
liệu -Economical
tiêu chuẩn công German Industrial Standard.
nghiệp Đức -DIS
tiêu chuẩn khí Specified maximum emission levels permitted
thải from different classes of motor vehicle in different
countries.
-Emission standards
tiêu chuẩn khí The low emission levels permitted in the United
thải nghiêm khắc States, especially in California.
của Mỹ -The stringent US emission standards
tín hiệu báo lùi Beeper alarm that sounds when a commercial
xe vehicle engages reverse gear. In US English, it is
back-up alarm.
-Reversing warning signal
tính chống mòn Ability to withstand conditions which cause a
progressive loss of substance.
-Wear resistance
tính dẫn điện Ability of a material to conduct electricity, which is
opposite to resistivity.
-Electrical conductivity
tính đàn hồi Ability to recover original size and shape when
deforming, especially stretching, forces are released.
-Elasticity

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1027

 tính dễ bay hơi The ability readily to change into a vapour.
-Volatility
tính dễ uốn Ability of a material to undergo stretching or bending
without fracturing.
-Ductility.
tính dẻo của vật Elasticity of a material.
chất -Flexibility
tính kinh tế nhiên Especially low consumption of fuel, usually
liệu measured in miles per gallon.
-Economy
tính kinh tế nhiên Low/ high fuel consumption.
liệu cao hay thấp -Good/ bad fuel economy
tính linh hoạt The ease with which a vehicle can be manoeuvred.
-Manoeuvrability
tính năng vận General operating characteristics of a vehicle,
hành của xe usually rated from good to poor, and of concern to the
average driver, such as flexibility and smoothness,
acceleration, ease of starting and quick warm-up, as
well as handling and comfort.
-Drivability
tính năng xe The general way a car (or any other machine or
material handles.
-Performance
tính nhớt Resistance to flow.
-Viscosity
tình trạng ắc quy Battery charge.
-Battery condition
tình trạng ban Description of the condition of a car; the car is in the
đầu state in which it left the factory; it may be worn but
has neither been resprayed nor reupholstered nor
has extensive welding been carried out or modern
accessories fitted to change its standard specifications.
-Original condition

1028 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 tình trạng bánh Condition in which the wheels stop turning as a
xe bó cứng khi result of excessive braking; leads to a skid.
phanh gấp -Wheel lock
tình trạng bu-gi Visual appearance of the sparking plug electrodes
and insulator.
-Sparking plug condition
tình trạng bu-gi Faulty sparking plug condition caused by molten
bị hư do điện lead salt deposits that solidify into a yellow, brown
cực bị bám chì or green glaze.
-Lead glazing
tình trạng của xe Description of the towing vehicle if the vehicle being
kéo quá nặng towed is too heavy.
-Nose-up
tình trạng hoàn Perfect condition, as brand new.
hảo như mới tinh -Mint condition
tình trạng khẩn Sudden, unexpected occurrence, such as a
cấp breakdown or the failure of some part, which may
be dangerous and demands immediate action.
-Emergency
tình trạng không A condition occurring after filler is applied to a panel
dính matit surface, characterized by the fact that the filler will
not cure in certain places.
-Surface tack
tình trạng rất tốt Very Good Condition.
-VGC
tổ chức tiêu Genevabased organization established (in its
chuẩn quốc tế present form) in 1947 to standardize units of
measurement and technical design.
-International Standards Organization
tổ hợp công tắc Block of controls near the steering wheel rim.
điều khiển gần - Combination of control switches near the
tay lái steering wheel

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1029

 tổ hợp khung vỏ A combination of separate sheet metal panels to
xe form a complete assembly, e.g. the outer panels of
the body or even the panels surrounding the engine.
-Panelling

tổ hợp màu Combination of colours, on the outside or inside of

trong và ngoài the vehicle.
thân xe -Colour scheme

tổ hợp từ hộp số Combination of all power-transmitting components

đến láp from the clutch via the gearbox and propeller shaft,
if any, to the final drive and axle shafts.
-Drive train

toa móc The goods-containing part of an articulated lorry that

is drawn by the cab.
-Trailer

toa móc theo nhà Trailer containing camping equipment or fitted with
lưu động a tent which can erected on arrival at the desired
camping site.
-Camping trailer

tốc độ
The rate at which someone or something is able to
move or operate.
-Speed

tốc độ cầm Slowest speed at which an engine will run smoothly

chừng (about 900 rpm).
-Idle speed or idling speed

tốc độ cháy CBR process.

được kiểm soát -Controlled burn rate

tốc độ chạy theo Constant speed at which a car can be driven without
trớn strain.
-Cruising speed

1030 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 tốc độ đặc trưng An index which provides information on the general
profile or shape of the impeller of a pump.
-Specific speed
tốc độ dòng chảy Amount of liquid conveyed by a pump per unit of
time.
-Flow rate
tốc độ động cơ Number of revolutions per minute (RPM) at which
the engine is turning.
-Engine speed
tốc độ động cơ Rated speed.
định mức -Nominal engine speed
tốc độ động cơ The speed of an engine when it is ticking over.
khi giảm ga -Tick over
tốc độ hoá khử The conversion rate of a given catalytic converter
per unit volume; it is desirable to have a high specific
activity, i.e. a small but efficient converter.
-Specific activity
tốc độ khi quay Speed at which a corner is taken.
vòng xe -Corner speed
tốc độ khởi động Speed at which the starter turns the engine.
-Cranking speed
tốc độ phát điện Speed at which the dynamo has to rotate to produce
a voltage which is greater than that across the
battery terminals.
-Cut-in speed
tốc độ phát ra tia The sparking rate per minute in a spark ignition
lửa engine is the number of cylinders multiplied by half
the engine speed.
-Sparking rate
tốc độ phóng Amount of current discharged, expressed in amps.
điện -Discharge rate

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1031

 tốc độ pít-tông Speed of the piston for a given engine rpm.
-Piston speed
tốc độ tiêu thụ The distance covered divided by the time taken or
nhiên liệu trung the fuel used.
bình -Average fuel consumption
tốc độ tối đa cho The maximum allowable vehicle speed at any given
phép point.
-Speed limit
tốc độ tối đa của The maximum speed of a vehicle.
xe -Top speed
tốc độ tới hạn Engine or shaft speed at which some unwanted
phenomon such as vibration sets in.
-Critical speed
tốc độ trục ra Speed of the transmission output shaft which is
của hộp số transmitted to the driven wheels via the final drive;
as the final drive provides a constant gear ratio,
output speed is proportional to vehicle road speed.
-Output speed
tốc độ trung bình The distance covered divided by the time taken or
the fuel used.
- Average speed
tốc độ vòng của Engine speed as measured by crankshaft revolutions
động cơ per minute.
-Rpm (short for) revolutions per minute.
tốc độ xe đường Vehicle speed along a road, measured in mph or km/h.
trường -Road speed
tôi To harden.
-Cure
tôi để khử ứng Thermal treatment of finished products (metals,
suất nội alloys, plastics) to remove internal stresses.
-Temper

1032 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 tôi bề mặt trục Hardening by heating for several hours in ammonia
khuỷu gas; used on crankshafts.
-Nitriding
tôi thép To treat (a metal, alloy, or glass) with heat and then
cool it to remove internal stress and to make the
material less brittle.
-Anneal
tối ưu hoá To set at the best possible value.
-Optimize
tổn hao công Loss of power due to friction between the moving
suất do ma sát parts of the engine.
-Friction losses
tổng lượng khí Measurement of all hydrocarbons emitted by the
thải HC exhaust system (THC).
-Total hydrocarbons.
tông màu nền Colour matching the tone of a paint as it appears
from the colour of the paint in the can; this is required
for formulating the ingredients of a paint tone.
-Mass tone
tổng số dặm mà The total number of miles a motor vehicle has
xe đã đi travelled.
-Mileage
trả ngược chỉ số Putting back the mileage on a car’s odometer, so
km that it shows a lower mileage than the car has in fact
done (an illegal practice).
-Clocking
trạm kiểm tra Place on a road where vehicles are stopped, e.g. at
a frontier or on a rally.
-Check point
trám kín Repairing of holes or dents in bodywork with filler
paste or body lead.
-Filling

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1033

 trạm rửa xe tự Drive-in, automatic facility for washing a car.
động -Car wash
trạm sạc bình Centre with high capacity battery chargers for
recharging batteries, esp. of electric cars.
-Battery charging station
trạm tiếp tế cho Place where a car stops for servicing, refuelling, tyre
xe đua changes, etc.
-Pits
trạm xăng Filling station, peltrol station.
-Gas station
trạm xăng dầu Place where petrol, diesel, oil and other supplies for
motorists are sold.
-Filling station
trang bị thêm bộ To equip a vehicle with new parts after manufacture.
phận mới -Retrofit
trạng thái cong Bending or twisting out of shape.
-Warp
trạng thái đã Altered state of a particular system, or set of parts
thay đổi của một needed to achieve it.
hệ thống -Conversion
trạng thái gắn State of adhesion.
chặt -Bond
trạng thái khí State of matter, like air, which has no definite shape
or volume.
-Gas
trạng thái xốp State or condition of being porous.
-Porosity
trang thiết bị Those parts and systems of a vehicle which are not
chọn thêm supplied as standard equipment by the manufacturer,
i.e they are not included in the price for a given
model. It is opposite to standard equipment.
-Optional equipment

1034 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 trang thiết bị gốc Part used in the manufacture of the vehicle, rather
dùng ở nơi sản than those added afterwards (OE).
xuất xe -Original equipment
transaxle dành Rear-wheel drive construction incorporating a
cho xe cầu sau transmission-differential unit placed between the
chủ động rear wheels of a front-engined car.
-Rear-wheel drive transaxle
transistor công Transistor that switches the primary current of a
suất trong hệ transistorized ignition system.
thống đánh lửa -Ignition transistor
treo cánh tay Long Arm Suspension.
đòn dài -LAS
trợ lực Power-assisted.
-P/A
trợ lực lái Completely hydraulic or pneumatic steering system,
allowing the driver little or no ‘feel’ for the road; not
used for road-going passenger vehicles (PS). In
informal, it is power-assisted steering.
-Power steering
trợ lực lái điều Electronically controlled power steering.
khiển bằng điện -EPS
tử
trợ lực lái kiểu Linkage-type, power-assisted steering system in
thanh nối which a conventional manual system is assisted by
hydraulic or pneumatic effort applied directly to a
track rod.
-Linkage power steering
trợ lực lái thẳng Power-assisted steering applied within the steering
hàng box or rack.
-In-line power steering

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1035

 trợ lực lái thay Type of power-assisted steering which is light at low
đổi theo tốc độ speeds and increasingly heavier at higher speeds,
xe giving the driver more feel.
-Speed-sensitive steering
trợ lực phanh Power Brakes.
-PB
trở nên cứng To become solid, compact, or hard.
-Solidify
trở nên sệt To become a gel.
-Gel
trở nên xù xì Roughening of the surface of a material.
-Grain coarsening or grain growth.
trọng lượng See dry weight, gross vehicle weight, kerb weight.
-Weight
trọng lượng cân Balance weight.
-Weight
trọng lượng cân Balance weight.
bằng -Counterweight
trọng lượng chì A small lead weight used to balance a wheel.
bấm vành bánh -Adhesive weight
xe
trọng lượng Vertical weight on the centre of the towing ball
đứng ở tâm móc exerted by the vehicle being towed (on level ground).
kéo khi kéo xe -Nose weight
trọng lượng khô Weight of a vehicle without any fuel, oil, or
coolant.
-Dry weight
trọng lượng ly Centrifugal advance mechanism, advance weight.
tâm -Governor weight

1036 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 trọng lượng The mass of a molecule that may be calculated as
phân tử the sun of the atomic weights of its constituent atom.
-Molecular weight
trọng lượng sơn Indicates the thickness of metallic paint coatings in
trên một đơn vị grams per square metre of surface area.
diện tích -Weight per unit area
trọng lượng tổng Gross vehicle weight.
cộng -Gross weight
trọng lượng tổng Total weight of a vehicle in any given circumstance
cộng của xe (i.e. with or without passengers, luggage etc.).
- Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW)
trống phanh Metal drum mounted on a car hub to from the outer
shell of the brake, against which the brake shoes
press to slow or stop rotation of the drum and wheel.
-Brake drum
trọng tải Amount of material transported.
-Load
trụ cân bằng Balance shaft.
-Silencer shaft
trụ chống cửa One of the vertical members of the body shell ahead
of and behind the doors, which also support the roof
structure and reinforce the body as a whole.
-Door pillar or post
trụ chống mui xe Transverse rail that supports the roof panel; there
are usually several roof braces.
-Roof brace
trụ chống trợ lực Gas-assisted strut (e.g. of hatch, tailgate).
khí -Gas prop
trụ đỡ Post between the roof and the waistline; from front
to rear, there are A-, B-, C-, and D-pillars.
-Pillar

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1037

 trụ đỡ cabin phía C-pillar.
sau -Rear cabin pillar
trụ đỡ khung Vertical structural element that carries the front door
cửa cửa trước hinges; the upper end of the hinge pillar is usually
the side of the windscreen frame. It is also called
A-pillar.
-Hinge pillar
trụ đỡ khung Rearmost vertical pillar in the body of an estate car,
cửa phía cửa on either side of the tailgate.
hậu -D-pillar or D-post
trụ đỡ khung Upright member in front of the front door, a major
cửa phía cửa structural part of the body frame.
trước -A-pillar or A-post
trụ đỡ khung Rear section of the body shell which incorporates
cửa phía sau the rear wing and usually also the C-pillar.
-Quarter panel
trụ đỡ khung The front posts of the body shell which together with
kính trước the scuttle and header panel form the windscreen
aperture.
-Windscreen pillars
trụ đỡ phía sau Third vertical pillar of a typical saloon body shell
khung cửa sau behind the rear door and to either side of the rear
window, connecting the rear of the roof to the side
of the body.
-C-pillar or C-post
trụ đỡ trung tâm B-pillar.
khung cửa -Latching pillar
trụ giữa ở khung Upright member behind the front door supporting the
cửa xe roof and carrying the striker plate for the front door
and, in the case of four-door models, the hinges for
the rear door.
-B-pillar or B-post

1038 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 trụ lái kiểu ống Steering column that collapses in on itself on impact.
lồng -Telescopic steering column
trụ lái xếp lại Collapsible steering column.
được -Safety steering column
trụ quay đứng Kingpin.
-Pivot pin
trụ quay lái Vertical or inclined shaft about which a steered
wheel pivots.
-Kingpin
trụ tay lái hấp Safety design of steering column which telescopes
thu năng lượng on impact.
khi đụng xe -Energy absorbing steering column
trụ vô lăng có Steering column whose length or rake may be
thể điều chỉnh adjusted to suit the individual driver.
được độ cao -Height adjustable steering column
trục Round bar which transmits turning power from one
part to another.
-Shaft
trục Ackermann Fixed position, steerable front axle within two pivot
points, one on each end of the axle, with vertical
kingpin.
-Ackermann axle
trục bánh răng Short drive shaft in the rear axle connecting the prop
bên của bán trục shaft to the crown wheel via the final drive pinion.
-Pinion shaft
trục bánh xe Central part of any wheel, which the wheel is
attached to or rotatable on a shaft or axle.
-Hub
trục bánh xe Type of hub fitted to the front axle of some four-
trong truyền wheel drive vehicles, in which the drive to the front
động bốn bánh wheels can be disconnected when the front axle is
not being driven.
-Freewheel(ing) hub

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1039

 trục bộ chia điện Drive shaft to the distributor that rotates at haft
engine speed and has at its top end the distributor
cam and rotor arm.
-Distributor shaft
trục bộ ly hợp Short gearbox input shaft, rotating at engine speed
and coaxial with but not connected to the main
shaft, which transmits power from the clutch to the
gearbox.
-Clutch shaft
trục bơm Shaft which transmits the driver torque to
the impeller(s) of centrifugal pumps or to the
displacement element(s) of rotary pumps.
-Pump shaft
trục bướm ga Shaft on which the throttle valve disc pivots in a
caburettor barrel or inlet tract.
-Throttle shaft or spindle
trục các-đăng Shaft fitted with universal joints at each end.
-Cardan shaft
trục cam Camshaft.
-Cam
trục cam đặt trên Camshaft in head.
nắp máy -CIH
trục cam đơn Single overhead camshaft.
trên nắp máy -SOHC
trục cam thải Separate camshaft controlling the opening and
closing of the exhaust valves used in twin overhead
camshaft engines; opposite is inlet camshaft.
-Exhaust cam (shaft)
trục cam trên Type of camshaft situated over the valves (rather
nắp máy than in the side of the engine), which is OC or OHC.
-Overhead camshaft

1040 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 trục cân bằng Additional rotating shaft in the crankcase fitted with
counterweights, esp. in single and twin cylinder
engines, to reduce vibration.
-Balance shaft
trục cần đẩy cò Shaft on which the rocker arm pivots.
mổ -Rocker arm shaft
trục cán hòa trộn Machine designed for the mixing and mastication of
the materials from which tyres are made.
-Mixing rolls
trục cánh quay Innovative, single-piece propeller shaft made of
bằng vật liệu fibre-reinforced epoxy in which the fibres are usually
composite glass and/ or carbon.
-Composite propeller shaft
trục chính Rotating shaft or spindle in a machine tool on which,
for example, a grinding wheel or piece for machining
is fitted.
-Arbor
trục chủ động Any shaft transmitting power, especially the jointed
shaft between the differential and the road wheel
in a de Dion or fully independent rear suspension
layout.
-Drive shaft
trục cứng Rear axle which may be either live (in rear-wheel
drive cars) or dead (in front-wheel drive cars).
-Rigid axle
trục dẫn động Shaft with a bevel gear at one ends, used esp. for
bánh răng nón driving an overhead camshaft.
-Bevel drive shaft
trục dẫn hướng Steering arm.
-Knuckle arm
trục delco Distributor shaft.
-Timing shaft

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1041

 trục hay bánh xe Axle or wheels responsible for propelling the vehicle
chủ động (which are in fact the same as the driven axle or
wheels).
-Driving axle or wheels
trục kéo xe Vertical bolt or pin in a towing bracket, to which the
towbar is attached.
-Pintle
trục khớp nối The part of the front suspension on which a front
dẫn hướng wheel is mounted; strictly speaking, an assembly or
single component comprising stub axle and steering
arm, stub axle often being used to describe the
steering knuckle itself.
-Steering knuckle
trục khuỷu Crankshaft.
-Crank
trục khuỷu đã Crankshaft with extended webs to form
được cân bằng counterbalances or a vibration damper.
động -Balance crankshaft
trục khuỷu được Build up crankshaft.
ráp từ nhiều -Assembled crankshaft.
đoạn
trục khuỷu ghép Crankshaft made from separate parts rather than
cast or forged in one piece.
-Built-up crankshaft.
trục lái chỉnh A steering column that can be adjusted for height.
được chiều cao -Tilt column
trục lăn Axis through the front and rear roll centres.
-Roll axis
trục lõi phần ứng Shaft on which the armature is mounted in a starter
or generator.
-Armature shaft

1042 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 trục lõm Beam axle in which the main central portion of the
beam is lower than the wheel centres, which was
the usual layout for front axles until independent
front suspension became almost universal.
-Drop-centre axle
trục ngắn nối với Short axle that carries one of the front wheels and
bánh trước has limited angular movement about a kingpin.
-Stub axle
trục ngang Any transverse shaft.
-Cross shaft
trục phân phối Propeller shaft, usually in long chassis rear-wheel
drive vehicles, which is divided into two sections
with a bearing and CV joint mounted on a chassis
cross member at the central point.
-Divided propeller shaft or propshaft
trục quay Centreline about which a body can or could rotate,
or which divides a figure into two symmetrical parts.
-Axis
trục ra của hộp Gearbox output shaft.
số -Main shaft
trục ra hộp số Transmission speed which can be selected manually
quay nhanh hơn and gives a ratio of less than 1:1, i.e. the transmission
trục vào output shaft turns faster than the transmission input
shaft.
-Overdrive
trục rẽ quạt The outgoing shaft of the steering gearbox, to which
the drop arm is connected. In US English, it is cross-
shaft.
-Rocker shaft.
trục rẽ quạt Rocker shaft.
trong hộp cơ cấu -Sector shaft
lái

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1043

 trục rỗng Hollow shaft.
-Quill shaft
trục sơ cấp Clutch shaft.
-Primary shaft
trục tay lái The rotating, torque-transmitting part of the steering
column.
-Steering gear shaft
trục tay lái xe Shaft between the steering wheel and steering box
or rack and pinion.
-Steering column
trục tay lái xếp Steering column designed to fold or telescope in a
case of frontal impact.
-Collapsible steering column
trục then hoa Shaft with V-shaped grooves.
-Serrated shaft
trục thứ cấp của Gear-box output shaft.
hộp số -Third motion shaft
trục trặc hư Fault which comes and goes (and annoyingly never
hỏng occurs when the car is taken in to the garage for
repair).
-Intermittent fault
trục trụ quay Swivel axis.
đứng -Pivot axis
trục trung gian Layshaft.
-Countershaft
trục trung gian Intermediate shaft between and parallel to the
có gắn cặp bánh input and output shafts, carrying the two pairs of
răng gearwheels which provide the required changes in
gear ratio. In US English, it is countershaft.
-Layshaft

1044 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 trục truyền Generally applicable to the long, jointed shaft
between the power unit and differential, usually
mounted longitudinally from front to rear on front-
engine RWD vehicles. In US English, it is drive shaft.
-Propeller shaft
trục truyền động A power-transmitting axle.
-Live axle
trục truyền lệch Shaft transmitting an eccentric motion.
tâm -Eccentric shaft
trục vào hộp số Shaft which transmits power from the clutch to the
gearbox.
-Gearbox input shaft
trục vi sai Transverse bar, tube, shaft or beam which carries
wheels at their end.
- Differential axis
trục vít Short, rotating shaft on which a helical groove has
been cut, as in a gear arrangement in which such a
shaft meshes with a toothed wheel.
-Worm
trục xe loại Special double wishbone rear suspension developed
Weissach by Porsche for the 928s to minimize the problems of
over-steering.
-Weissach axle
trung gian Between two things or extremes.
-Intermediate
trùng màu với -Colour-coded
thân xe
trước To cause something to occur earlier.
-Advance
trước điểm chết The period before a piston reaches TDC; the time
trên when ignition occurs.
-Before top dead center

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1045

 trước khi điều Until that produces the richer mixture needed for
khiển hâm nóng cold running and modulates fuel system pressure
động cơ according to engine temperature; the until includes
an electrically heated thermostatic spring, which
reduces the force on a spring-loaded control
diaphragm.
-Warm-up control until
trượt To slide sideways (often out of control) (ii) to slide in
a straight line (as after sudden braking with, maybe,
locked brakes).
-Skid
trượt bốn bánh Cornering technique used in motor racing in which
khi quay vòng the car takes the corner in an intentionally induced
sideways slide.
-Four-wheel drift
trượt ly hợp To fail to disengage completely; (of brakes) to fail
to come off completely when the brake pedal is
released.
-Drag
trượt ngang khi To leave the desired line of travel due to loss of
quay vòng adhesion, especially when cornering.
-Break away
truyền động bốn Automatic four-wheel drive engagement by means
bánh tự động of an electro-hydraulic clutch or a viscous coupling
incorporated in the drive train.
-Real-time four-wheel drive.
truyền động Form of drive mainly used for starter motors, where
bằng bánh răng a pinion is mounted on a shaft with a helical screw
Bendix and rushes down the shaft into engagement with
the starter teeth in the flywheel when the shaft is
spun.
-Bendix drive

1046 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 truyền động Configuration in which the rear wheels of the vehicle
bánh sau are driven (RWD).
-Rear-wheel drive
truyền động cuối Final drive.
cùng -Axle drive
truyền động qua Type of friction drive in which forces are transmitted
đai dạng chữ from belt to pulley or vice versa by friction.
-V-belt drive.
truyền động qua Viscous Transmission.
khớp -VT.
truyền động qua Four-wheel drive with a viscous centre differential
khớp nhớt (VT).
-Viscous transmission.
truyền động Bendix drive.
quán tính -Inertia drive.
truyền thông tin Transmission of information in the form of light
qua sợi quang carried along sheathed glass fibres, used in some
engine management systems and malfunction
warning indicators.
-Fibre optics.
tụ điện Assembly of one or more pairs of conductors
separated by insulators, able to store an electric
change where there is a voltage difference.
-Capacitor.
tụ điện trong hệ Electrical part which interrupts the primary current
thống đánh lửa with low loss and suppresses most of the arcing
vít between the contact breaker points in conventional
coil ignitions.
-Ignition capacitor.
tự điều chỉnh Of a mechanism that adjusts itself to compensate
theo độ mòn for wear or to maintain a certain distance or level
hoặc nhiệt (as of heat).
-Self-adjusting.

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1047

 tự động điều Suspension system that automatically adjust front
khiển độ cứng and rear ride heights to compensate for changes
hệ thống treo in axle loads ; this can either be achieved by
adding air absorbers to a conventional suspension
system, or by incorporating the system in a
sophisticated pneumatic or hydro-pneumatic
suspension system.
-Automatic level control or levelling system.

tự sửa chữa Do-it-yourself.

-DIY

từ trường The portion of space found in the vicinity of a

magnetic body or a current-carrying medium in
which the forces due to the body or current can be
detected.
-Magnetic field

từ trường của Magnetic field of the primary winding.

cuộn dây sơ cấp -Primary magnetic field

từ viết tắt để chỉ Colloquial short form for automatic transmission, or

hộp số tự động a car with automatic transmission.
-Automatic Transmission (AT)

tuôc nơ vít có Screwdriver with ratchet mechanism.

bánh cóc -Ratchet screwdriver

tuôc nơ vít đầu Screwdriver such as the Phillips or Pozidriv type

chữ thập with cross-shaped ridges in its point for cross-head
screws.
-Cross-head screwdriver

tuôc nơ vít đầu Screwdriver with a ball type hexagon tip allowing it
lục giác có vòng to be used at an angle of up to 300 from the screw
bi head.
-Ball end hexagon screwdriver

1048 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 tuôc nơ vít cực Screwdriver with a very short handle and blade for
nhỏ use in confined spaces.
-Chubby screwdriver
tuôc nơ vít vặn Screwdriver-type handle for use with sockets.
tuýp -Socket driver
tuần hoàn khí Exhaust gas recirculation in which the amount
thải điều chỉnh of exhaust gas admitted to the inlet manifold
bằng chân không depends on a vacuum signal controlled by throttle
position.
-Vacuum modulated EGR
túi hơi (khí) Bag in the fascia region which inflates on impact
and thus saves the occupants of the vehicle from
injury caused by being thrown against the interior
structure in a collision.
-Airbag
túi khí bảo vệ tài Original type of air bag, designed to protect the
xế driver from being hurled into the steering wheel and
instrument panel.
-Driver’s airbag
túi khí dành cho An air bag restraint system designed to protect the
hành khách front passenger; introduced on some cars in the
early 1990s, it usually occupies the space normally
provided for a glove compartment.
-Passenger side air bag.
tua-bin Machine which produces power by the action
of water, steam, gas, etc. turning a wheel with
blades.
-Turbine
tua-bin tăng áp A centrifugal compressor or supercharger driven by
exhaust gas energy.
-Turbocharger or (informal) turbo

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1049

 tuôc nơ vit Tool used for turning screws; usually a wooden or
plastic handle with a thin shank ending in a cross-
cut or flattened square-cut tip.
-Screwdriver
tuôc nơ vít chữ Z Screwdriver usually having two blades at either end,
both at right angles to the shank.
-Angle screwdriver
tuôc nơ vit có bộ Screwdriver with a device that measures the amount
phận đo lực siết of torque being applied.
-Torque screwdriver
tuốc nơ vít có Screwdriver with either straight or cross-head tips or
tay quay ngang a combination of both, and the two ends set at right
angles to the shank.
-Offset screwdriver
tuốc nơ vít dẹp Flat-bladed screwdriver.
-Flat-tip screwdriver
tuốc nơ vít thử Screwdriver for testing electrical current, with an
điện insulated blade and handle; a bulb inside the handle
lights up if the blade touches a live terminal.
-Voltage tester
tuổi thọ máy móc The length of time a component or system will
remain reliable and safe.
-Service life
tùy chọn chi phí Option extra for a new car available on payment of
an additional sum.
-Cost option
tuýp mở bu-gi Sparking plug spanner.
-Plughole
tuýp mở bu-gi đa Sparking plug socket with universal joint for reaching
dụng hard-to-get-at sparking plugs.
-Universal sparking plug socket

1050 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 tuýp mười hai Socket which will it a standard hexagon bolt head
cạnh or nut.
-Bihexagon socket.
tuýp siết bằng Heavy duty socket for use with air or electric power
hơi hay điện impact tools.
-Impact socket
tuýp vặn ốc bánh A cranked socket spanner for wheel nuts.
xe -Wheel brace
tỷ lệ chính xác Having the exact proportions for a particular
đủ cho phản ứng chemical reaction.
hoá học -Stoichiometric
tỷ lệ co của chi The difference in dimension between the cold
tiết đúc mould and the cooled moulded part, expressed in %
relative to the dimension of the cold mould.
-Mould shrinkage
tỷ lệ hòa khí lý In a spark-ignition engine, the ideal air/fuel mixture
tưởng động cơ ratio of 14.7:1, which must be maintained on engines
xăng with dual-bed and three-way catalytic converters.
-Stoichiometric ratio
tỷ số nén Compression ratio.
-CR or cr
tỷ số nén chính Degree of compression achieved in the crankcase
2 kỳ area below the piston of a two-stroke engine when
the piston moves down and compresses the mixture
supplied into the crankcase.
-Primary compression ratio
tỷ số truyền In transmissions, gear or gear ratio.
-Speed
tỷ số truyền cơ The number of degrees that the steering wheel must
cấu lái be turned to pivot the front wheels one degree.
-Steering ratio

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1051

 tỷ trọng Compactness of a substance, expressed as the
quotient of its mass and its volume, or mass per unit
volume.
-Density
ụ giữ trên bộ Sheet metal panel of hollowed or box-section
giảm chấn design that is spot-welded to the body and serves
as an anchoring point for the top shock absorber
mount.
-Shock absorber tower
ứng suất Force causing deformation or strain.
-Stress
ứng suất trên vật Force per unit area imposed on a material by an
thể abruptly applied force.
-Impact stress
uốn khúc Referring to bending.
-Flexural
uốn nhựa bằng Shaping of a polymer sheet while heating.
nhiệt -Thermoforming
vạch cắt Line established by the factory along which weld-
up assemblies must be cut when replacing a sheet
metal part, in order to maintain structural strength in
the finished repair.
-Cutting line
vách ngăn Panel at the rear of the engine compartment
that spans the full width of the body and extends
vertically from the scuttle down to the front edge of
the floorpan or the toeboard; also used for the panel
behind the rear seat separating the passenger cabin
from the boot.
-Bulkhead

1052 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 vách ngăn ghế Panel supporting the rear seat squabs, separating the
sau với khoang passenger compartment from the luggage space.
hành lý -Squab panel
vách ngăn giữa Vertical panel across the width of the car that extends
ghế sau và ngăn behind the rear seat backrest and separates the
để đồ interior from the trunk.
-Rear bulkhead
vải bố Material made from textile or man-made fibres, used
e.g. in the structure of tyre casings, for covering
seats, etc.
-Fabric
vải nhám Cloth coated in emery crystals for use as an abrasive
on metals.
-Emery cloth
van Any device that starts, stops, regulates or controls
the flow of a fluid, gas, etc.
-Valve
van điều khiển Device in a fuel injection system whose up-and-
nhiên liệu down movement in the metering unit of the fuel
distributor controls the open cross sectional area
of the metering ports and thus the quantity of fuel
supplies to the individual cylinders.
-Control plunger
van nhiệt điều Valve which senses temperature, typically the
khiển đánh lửa temperature under the bonnet, and gives full
sớm vacuum advance when the temperature is below
10oC; above this temperature, the thermal time
valve allows distributor vacuum to be controlled
by the thermal vacuum switch; includes a delay of
typically 20 seconds to allow full spark advance for
better hot starting.
-Thermal time valve

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1053

 van an toàn Valve in the air pump of an air injection system
which dumps part of the air at high pump speeds to
prevent pump damage; may be combined with the
air gulp valve.
-Relief valve
van an toàn Valve in or near the oil filter which routes the oil
trong lọc dầu bôi unfiltered directly to the lubricating points; it comes
trơn into operation when the oil filter is clogged so
that pressure across the filter is higher than the
pressure needed to overcome the oil filter bypass
valve spring.
-Oil filter bypass valve
van áp suất Valve mounted in the cylinder outlet between piston
and brake lines of drum brake circuits; maintains a
certain minimum pressure in the system; disc brakes
do not require a residual pressure valve.
-Residual pressure valve
van áp suất dư Residual pressure valve.
-Residual check valve
van áp suất dư Residual pressure valve in a brake master cylinder.
trong xi-lanh cái -Check valve
van áp suất thấp Device which protects the air conditioning system
bảo vệ máy nén by switching the compressor off when a pressure
điều hoà loss occurs.
-Low-pressure cut-out
van bi một chiều Non-return valve comprising a recessed spherical
seating into which a ball fits to cover a hole, closing
if the flow of liquid is reversed.
-Ball valve
van bộ điều áp Releases hydraulic fluid if pressure exceeds a
preset value.
-Pressure regulator valve

1054 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 van cao su xốp A sponge rubber-lined valve plate attached to
kiểm soát nhiệt a bimetallic strip, which controls the air intake
độ khí nạp temperature to the carburettor in some BL cars.
-Sponge rubber valve

van cắt áp suất Residual pressure valve with relief hole in a brake
dư master cylinder.
-Quick take-up valve

van cắt ly hợp số Valve which prevents the engagement of the reverse
lùi trong hộp số clutch in automatic transmissions if the vehicle road
tự động speed exceeds 10 km/h.
-Reverse inhibitor valve

van cắt nhiên Solenoid-operated valve which cuts off fuel in the
liệu mạch cầm idle system of a carburettor and stops the engine
chừng running-on when the ignition is switched off.
-Idle stop valve

van chân không Vacuum-controlled valve that admits fresh air to

điều khiển nạp the inlet manifold during deceleration to prevent
khí backfiring in the exhaust system; its vacuum signal
is governed by a thermovalve and a solenoid valve
to ensure that the gulp valve action does not interfere
with cold start enrichment.
-Gulp valve

van chống khí Device consisting of a valve or similar, preventing the

cháy escape of ignited blowback gases, usually located in
the hose or pipe leading from the crankcase to the
inlet tract.
-Flame trap

van con thoi Valve in which the actuating member shuttles back
and forth.
-Shuttle valve

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1055

 van dẫn dầu bôi Valve in an upright oil filter housing which lets oil
trơn vào các-te drain into the sump when the filter element is
khi tháo lọc removed; prevent oil spill.
-Oil drain valve
van dẫn khí đến Valve in an emission control system governing the
van EAC air flow from the air pump in connection with the eac
valve.
-ESA valve
van dạng đĩa Type of rotary valve that allows the passage of fluid
through an arc-shaped slot.
-Disc valve
van đĩa quay Valve employed as an inlet control in modern
two-stroke engines, consisting of a thin steel disc
attached to one end of the crankshaft.
-Rotary disc valve
van điện Solenoid valve.
-Electrovalve
van điện điều Solenoid operating in conjunction with an automatic
khiển cầm chừng choke to open the throttle slightly when the choke is
nhanh in operation.
-Fast idle solenoid
van điều biến Valve operated by the modulator to create modulator
chân không pressure by means of inlet manifold vacuum.
-Modulator valve
van điều chỉnh Valve fitted in the fuel distributor of some vehicles
tỷ lệ hoà khí loại with a continuous injection system and catalytic
vòi phun K converter, which continually adjusts the air/fuel
ratio to varying engine operating conditions, being
controlled by a voltage signal supplied by the oxygen
sensor and by an ECM.
-Frequency valve

1056 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 van điều khiển Valve regulating or operating a system, especially a
hydraulic or vacuum control system.
-Control valve
van điều khiển Distributes line pressure to the various control
bằng tay valves and pistons which operate the multi-plate or
band brakes or the clutches; operated by the driver
via the selector lever.
-Manual valve (MV)
van điều khiển Valve in a two-stage catalytic converter with
bơm không khí secondary air injection, which is solenoid-operated
and is triggered by the electronic control module to
direct air to the exhaust valve ports or to the catalytic
converter, depending on operating conditions.
-Air select valve
van điều khiển Electronic air control valve.
cầm chừng -EAC valve
điện tử
van điều khiển A temperature-controlled valve spring bias regulator
nhiệt độ nhớt which controls the bypass valve as a function of oil
temperature.
-Temperature control element
van điều khiển Valve which controls the primary V-pulley.
puli sơ cấp chữ -Primary valve
V
van điều khiển Blow-off valve.
tăng áp -Boost control valve
van điều tiết áp In a continuous injection system, part of the fuel
suất distributor, consisting basically of a spring-loaded
steel diaphragm which serves to keep the pressure
drop across the metering ports at a constant 0.1 bar.
-Pressure regulating valve

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1057

 van đổi số In US English, it is change valve.
-Shift valve
van giảm áp Located somewhere on the high side of the air
conditioning system, often next to the receiver-drier,
this valve protects the system against excessive
pressure.
-High-pressure relief valve
van giảm áp suất Valve which opens at maximum safe pressure
and closes again upon return to normal operating
conditions; its main task is to prevent the internal
pressure of a component or a system from exceeding
a certain set point.
-Pressure relief valve
van giảm áp thấp Valve used to limit the amount of vacuum
governing the ignition advance mechanism of the
distributor; on some ignition systems, a VRV is
used to reduce inlet manifold vacuum when the
coolant temperature is above 104oC, in order to
prevent detonation (VRV).
-Vacuum reducer valve
van gió Valve restricting the amount of air or liquid admitted
especially on a carburettor.
-Choke valve
van giới hạn áp Specifically, the valve used in the rear brake line of
suất some cars with front disc and rear drum brakes.
-Pressure limiting valve or (US)
proportioning valve
van giữa bầu In evaporative emission control systems, a valve in
than hút hơi the purge line between activated charcoal canister
xăng và ống góp and inlet manifold which controls the purge air flow
hút that regenerates the charcoal.
-Scavenging valve.

1058 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 ván gỗ ép Boardlike building material made of compressed
wood chip fibres and sawdust.
-Hardboard
van hằng nhiệt Temperature-controlled valve located in the hot leg
between engine and radiator, often mounted on the
cylinder head.
-Thermostat
van hằng nhiệt Thermostat consist of a metallic bellows partially
dùng ống chứa filled with acetone, alcohol or similar volatile liquid.
chất dễ bay hơi -Aneroid-type thermostat
van hằng nhiệt Oil-temperature controlled valve which closes the oil
trong bình giải circuit though the oil is still cold; similar function as
nhiệt dầu the thermostat in the engine cooling system.
-Oil cooler bypass valve
vân hoa trên mặt Crystal structure on hot-dip galvanized metals.
tôn tráng kẽm -Spangles
van hồi lưu khí Part of an EGR system mounted on or near the inlet
thải manifold and controlled by inlet manifold vacuum,
which is usually closed at idle and low speeds, but
opens during acceleration, admitting exhaust gas to
the inlet manifold.
-EGR valve
van hút Check valve in air induction systems.
-Aspirator valve
van khóa cầm Idle stop valve.
chừng -Running-on control valve
van kick-down On automatic transmission control, modulator valve
actuated via either the accelerator pedal, or the
vacuum in the engine inlet manifold, or the carburettor
throttle; it converts line pressure into an engine-load
dependent pressure, which is directed to various valve.
-Throttle valve

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1059

 van kiểm soát Valve in a crossover pipe between the compressor
vượt tốc của bộ suction and discharge sides of some turbocharger
tăng áp systems.
-Overrun control valve
van kim The needle of the injection valve in a diesel fuel
injector.
-Pintle
van kim trong bộ In a carburettor, valve which controls the amount of
chế hòa khí petrol flowing from the pump to the float chamber.
-Needle valve
van kim trong hệ Valve with a needle-shaped pin that can be moved
thống thuỷ lực to control the flow of a fluid.
-Needle valve
van làm đậm để Valve in the enrichment unit, used in some
tăng công suất carburettors to provide a richer mixture for extra
power under certain conditions; in a typical design,
the power valve is a vacuum-controlled ball-type
check valve.
-Power valve
van lốp xe The function of the tyre valve is to admit air under
pressure to the tyre chamber formed between the
casing and the rim, and to release air for pressure-
adjustment purposes or tyre removal; car tubeless
tyres use a snap-in valvet.
-Tyre valve
van lưỡi gà Control element which allows the passage of an
operating medium into or out of a chamber.
-Reed valve
van ly tâm Automatic transmission control, valve which
converts line pressure into vehicle-speed dependent
governor pressure.
-Governor valves

1060 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 van một chiều Check valve in air induction systems.
-Aspirator valve
van nạp In US English, it is inlet valve.
-Intake valve
van nạp đóng The inlet valve closes 60o after bottom dead centre
sau điểm chết or BDC = the inlet valve closes 60o after the piston‘s
dưới lowest point.
-Bottom dead centre
van nhiệt Valve which opens and closes as a function of
temperature.
-Thermovalve
van nhiệt chân Thermal vacuum valve.
không -TVV
van nhiệt chân Valve with the same function as a thermal vacuum
không switch (TVV).
-Thermal vacuum valve
van ở đầu ra của Valve on the outlet side of a pump.
bơm -Delivery valve
van ở ngõ ra Valve located at the evaporator outlet which controls
giàn lạnh evaporator pressure and temperature (STV).
-Suction throttling valve
van phân phối hệ Valve positioned in the hydraulic line to the front
thống phanh brakes, on some cars with front disc and rear drum
brakes.
-Metering valve
van phân phối Load-sensitive proportioning valve.
theo tải -Regulated proportioning valve
van phân phối Valve which regulates hydraulic pressure to the
theo tải trọng rear wheels as a function of chassis height-to-axle
distance.
-Load-sensitive proportioning valve

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1061

 van quay Engine or pump component forming part of a rotating
assembly; may be designed as a cylindrical or a disc
valve.
-Rotary valve
van rơle ABS Electrically operated valve controlling the air
pressure in an ABS system.
-ABS relay valve
van rơle ABS Electrically operated valve controlling the air
được điều khiển pressure in an ABS system.
bằng điện -ABS relay valve
van solenoid Valve actuated electrically by means of an
electromagnet, or ‘solenoid’.
-Solenoid valve
van tăng áp Valve in a hydraulic system which amplifies pressure.
-Boost valve
vặn tay Tightened only with the fingers, without using a
spanner.
-Finger-tight
van tháo Valve for relieving pressure, such as that between
the turbocharger and the carburetor in some
systems.
-Dump valve
van thay đổi góc .
phân phối khí - Gas distribution angle change valve
van thoát Discharge valve.
-Outlet valve
van thông khí Usually located on the cylinder head cover, this
hộp các-te valve allows a certain amount of crankcase blow-
by gases to be metered into the intake system for
burning.
-PCV valve

1062 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 van tích áp Valve controlling hydraulic accumulator.
-Accumulator valve
van tiết lưu Flow-control valve located between the condenser
and evaporator in an air-conditioner and which
controls the amount of refrigerant sprayed into the
evaporator.
-Expansion valve
-Box expansion valve
-Pipe expansion valve
van tiết lưu dầu Valve located in the feed line between cylinder head.
bôi trơn -Oil control orifice valve
van tổ hợp hệ Pressure regulating valve in braking systems
thống phanh incorporating a failure warning switch and comprising
two or more of the fowling valves; pressure differential
valve, metering valve, proportioning valve.
-Combination valve
van trì hoãn Valve used in vacuum or hydraulic systems
whose closing or opening action is delayed, e.g.
delaying vacuum signals by about 10-30 seconds
in the lines connected to the distributor vacuum
advance.
-Delay valve
van trượt Valve that slides across an aperture to expose the
port or opening.
-Slide valve
van tuần hoàn Negative transducer valve.
khí thải -EGR valve
van xả Valve, when opened, directs the flow of a liquid or
gas through a bypass; such as the wastegate in the
exhaust of a turbocharger system.
-Bypass valve

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1063

 van xả bơm pít- Valve on the outlet side of a reciprocating pump,
tông which is opposite to suction valve.
-Discharge valve
van xả khi khởi Valve, often manually operated and mostly on old
động tay or diesel engines, which releases compression in a
cylinder by allowing air to escape in order to facilitate
manual starting (or kick-starting of a motorcycle).
-Decompressor
van xả khí tăng Spring-loaded valve that prevents excessive boots
áp pressure in a turbocharger or supercharger.
-Blow-off valve
van xuống số khi Mechanically or electrically operated valve which
tăng tốc actuates a downward gearchange if the accelerator
pedal is fully depressed.
-Kickdown valve
vành Recess either cut or moulded into the underside of
an object so as to leave a lip or protuberance at the
top.
-Undercut
vành bánh xe Flat outside edge or rim of a part, by which it is often
attached to another part.
-Flange
vành bánh xe có Rim which is bolted to the wheel spider and can
thể tháo rời be removed to facilitate tyre changing, now mainly
seen on lorries.
-Detachable rim
vành bánh xe đối Rim type in which the rim well is symmetrically
xứng located on the wheel centreline. It is opposite to
asymmetric rim.
-Symmetric rim

1064 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 vành bánh xe Wheel rim with a central channel or recess into
nguyên khối which one side of the tyre bead can drop; the other
side can then be forced over the rim for fitting or
removal.
-Well-base rim
vành nhiệt xông Heating element for preheating the intake air in
khí nạp trong small diesel engines.
diesel -Heater flange
vành roong kính A measure of this, expressed as the ratio of height
(or drop) to horizontal distance; a steep hill might be
1 in 4, whilst a gradual slope might be 1 in 10.
-Graduated tint
vật bảo vệ mũi Cover, usually of black soft plastic sheeting with
xe bằng chất dẻo flannel-like backing, that fits around the front end of
a car. It is also called nose bra.
-Nose protector
vật cách ly Generally, anything that physically separates one
part from another.
-Separator
vật chêm bánh Wedge-shaped block put under a wheel to prevent a
xe để ngăn xe vehicle from rolling.
khỏi lăn -Wheel chock
vật dẫn điện Material which conducts electricity due to the fact
that it has many free electrons.
-Conductor
vật đúc có thành Used, for example, as a weight-saving measure on
mỏng oil filter housings.
-Thin-wall casting
vật liệu The matter from which a thing is or can be made.
- Material

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1065

 vật liệu cách âm Any material used to deaden the sound from
surfaces which transmit or generate noise; (e.g. felt
lining on the underside of a bonnet).
-Sound proofing material
vật liệu cách Material without free electrons which, therefore, is a
điện poor conductor of electricity.
-Insulator
vật liệu chống Sticky material, usually based on bitument or rubber,
rung applied to the inside of panels to reduce noise due
to vibration or ‘druming’.
-Anti-drum compound
vật liệu dẻo The most characteristic features of viscoelastic
materials are that they exhibit a time-dependent
strain response to a constant stress (creep) and a
time-dependent stress response to a constant strain
(relaxation). In addition, when the applied stress is
removed the materials have the ability to recover
slowly over a period of time.
-Viscoelastic material
vật liệu đúc Moulding materials are products which can be
moulded permanently by a shaping process
employing mechanical forces within a given
temperature range into moulded parts or semi-
finished articles; in some cases moulding materials
are used in a preformed state (e.g. pelleted or
granulated) without their plastic mouldability being
appreciably impaired by such preforming.
-Moulding material
vật liệu làm pít- The materials from which pistons are made grey
tông cast or light alloys; most light alloys consist of an
aluminium-silicon alloy.
-Piston material.

1066 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 vật liệu nền Material under a coating or which is to be coated.
-Base material
vật ngăn cách Item that prevents interaction between two
components.
-Isolator
vật nối mass Wire or other metal strip for connecting a component
to the vehicle chassis or body.
-Earth connection
vấu Not a continuous flange as provided at the top
mounting of a wing, but a short flange section to
provide localized fitting of one panel to another.
-Tab
vấu cam Projecting part of a cam which pushes a pushrod,
valve stem, or follower, etc.
-Cam lobe
vấu lồi tại chốt The material below the piston crown (joined to the
pít-tông skirt) which carries the gudgeon pin.
-Gudgeon pin boss
vấu ngàm Narrow projecting part, often acting as a lever and
pivoting at one end or in the middle and pressing on
another part.
-Finger
vẫy tay dừng xe To stop (a vehicle) with a hand signal in an
emergency.
-Flag down
vè bánh sau Body panel which partially encloses a rear wheel.
-Rear wing
vè bánh xe The panel area around the wheel cutout in the wing;
this term often also refers to a repair section for this
area, as this is a favourite rust spot on many cars.
-Wheel panel

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1067

 vẽ trang trí xe Custom car modification to remove all chrome
parts at the front or rear end to achieve smooth
contours highlighted only by the paint and the body
modifications; in most cases, only a side chrome
strip is retained. It is also called nosing or decking.
-Shaving (the body)
vè xe gắn máy Curved part over the wheels of a motorcycle to
minimize splashing.
-Mudguard
vecnê A short graduated scale that slides along a longer
graduated instrument and is used to indicate
fractional parts of divisions, as in a micrometer.
-Vernier (caliper or gauge)
véc-ni A hard, glossy transparent coating.
-Varnish.
vết bẩn mỏng dài A long thin trace of dirt.
-Streak
vết bào mòn Pattern of wear visible at the point where two parts
touch.
-Wear pattern
vết gỉ cạn Corrosion in the form of pits whose diameter is
substantially larger than their depth.
-Shallow pits
vết lăn của bánh The circumference of a loaded tyre.
xe khi có tải -Rolling circumference
vết lõm Hollow or dip, e.g. in part of the body, caused by a
sharp blow or impact.
-Dent
vết lõm trên thân Indentation on a panel surface.
xe -Low spot

1068 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 vết mòn Wear pattern visible at point where two parts touch.
-Contact pattern
vết mòn phẳng Flattened area on a tyre (especially a racing tyre),
usually caused by a locking brake.
-Flat spot
vết mốp Ridge produced by folding of the metal either as part
of the design or as a result of accident damage.
-Crease
vết nứt Defect.
-Flaw
vết nứt do ứng A cracking due to stress corrosion and straining of
suất a metal due to residual or applied stresses (SSC).
-Stress corrosion cracking
vết nứt sơn mới Crack which has just started to form.
bắt đầu -Incipient crack
vết rạn nứt nhỏ Tiny stress crack which forms due to strains in the
material or extreme temperature differences; as
opposed to crazing, a single crack of this type will
often occur alone.
-Hairline crack
vết rỉ bên trong Small outbreaks of rust occurring along crystal
giữa các tinh thể boundaries of metals or alloys.
kim loại -Intercrystalline or intergranular corrosion
vết rò điện cao Telltale sign on the distributor cover or ignition
áp cables indicating a leakage of current.
-Tracking mark
vết tiếp xúc Part which another part comes up against so that
its motion is stopped; a more formal word for ‘stop’.
-Abutment
vết trượt bánh xe The mark left on the road surface by the tyres, as a
trên đường khi result of emergency braking.
phanh gấp -Skid mark

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1069

 vết xước sơn Paint fault characterized by the paint film appearing low
in gloss and showing primer and metal imperfections
in the top coat; may be caused by excessively coarse
sanding and too thin a paint coat.
-Sand scratching
vi kế đo trong Micrometer for inside measurements such as
distances between two parallel surfaces or inside
diameters of cylinder and main bearing bores.
-Internal micrometer
vỉ két nước Grating that admits cooling air to the radiator.
-Radiator grille
vỉ làm mát trong Main part of a radiator below the header tank,
két nước consisting of numerous small tubes with cooling fins
and gaps between for the air to pass through.
-Core
vỉ lọc dưới bơm Coarse-mesh metal screen on the bottom of the
dầu bôi trơn pick-up pipe that prevents foreign matter (such as
lost washers, nuts and bolts) from entering the oil
pump.
-Oil pump strainer
vi sai External, basically tubular housing containing the
differential and half-shafts and with bearings at
either end for the hubs.
- Differential
vi sai cầu xe Transverse bar, tube, shaft or beam which carries
wheels at their end.
-Axle
vi sai có cơ cấu Limited-slip differential.
khóa -Lockable differential
vi sai sử dụng Planetary gear set used as a differential with
bánh răng hành asymmetric torque distribution, as for 4wd vehicles.
tinh -Planetary (gear) differential

1070 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 vỉ tản nhiệt bộ Diode heat sink with diodes.
chỉnh lưu -Rectifier pack
vị trí bướm ga A switch with two contacts for the two-end positions
of the throttle valve, which sends a signal to the
electronic control unit when the throttle valve is
closed (idle) or wide open (full load) (TPS).
-Throttle position sensor
vị trí đặt động cơ Positioning of the engine in the vehicle (as in front,
mid-or rear engine, a transverse or in-line engine).
-Engine layout
vị trí dừng của Wipe system with a parking position below normal
cần gạt nước visibility range.
-Hidden or hide away wiper
vị trí ngồi của tài Position in which the driver sits at the steering wheel,
xế influenced by distance from the controls, angle of
the seat back, etc.
-Driving position
vị trí nhô lên trên Raised area on a panel surface.
thân xe -High spot
vị trí nhô ra của Amount the sparking plug gap projects into the
đầu bu-gi combustion chamber: 1mm for the slightly projected
spark position in older engines and 3 mm for the
normally projected spark position in modern engines.
-Projected spark position
vị trí tia lửa Device on the high side of an air-conditioning
ngang system, somewhere between the condenser and
the expansion valve, which stores excess refrigerant
and removes moisture from the refrigerant; consists
of a tank, a filter, a drying agent, a pick-up tube, and,
on some units, a sight glass.
-Recessed spark position

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1071

 vị trí tia lửa trong The position of the spark gap in the combustion
buồng cháy chamber.
-Spark position
việc bảo dưỡng Carrying out a service.
-Servicing
việc bảo dưỡng Periodic overhaul, usually carried out by a garage;
định kỳ includes changing the oil and oil filter, checking
the brakes, tyres, ignition (usually changing the
sparking plugs), electrical, fuel and cooling systems,
and taking the vehicle on a test run to check the
steering, suspension, and transmission systems as
well as the performance of the engine and brakes.
-Service
viền cao su bọc A rubber seal fitted to the body, e.g. along a door
quanh cửa hay aperture or bootlid, to prevent water, air and moisture
kính chắn gió from getting into the interior of the bod.
-Weather strip
viền cao su bọc Rubber or moquette sealing strip fitted in the gap on
quanh kính xe either side of a sliding door window to seal the door
gutter and prevent water getting into the inventor of
the door frame.
-Window weatherstrip
viền mỏng Thin packing strip (e. g. between wishbone and
frame).
-Shim
viền tableau Instrument panel mouldings, centre consoles and
similar plastic trim.
-Hard trim
Viện Tiêu chuẩn American National Standard Institute.
Quốc gia Hoa Kỳ -ANSI

1072 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 viền xung quanh In bodywork repair, the outer edge of a dented area
chỗ móp khi hàn that is heat shrunk towards the centre of the dent.
-Reaction injection moulding
vít pake Crosshead screwdriver.
-Crosspoint screwdriver.
vít bắt vào kim Screw with a thread running the lengh of the shank
loại and available with a variety of different heads.
-Machine screw
vít chỉnh ga Adjusting screw which controls the amount of air/
fuel mixture supplied by the idling circuit of a fixed-
jet carburettor.
-Volume control screw
vít chỉnh hành Stroke limiting screw between the primary piston
trình pít-tông and secondary piston stop.
-Piston extension screw
vít chỉnh hỗn Screw on the airflow sensor of a fuel injection system,
hợp for adjusting the amount of air in the mixture.
-Bypass air screw
vít chỉnh hỗn Tapered adjusting screw (on some carburettors)
hợp cầm chừng which controls the volume of air/ fuel mixture
supplied by the idle system of a fixedjet carburetor.
-Idle mixture adjustment screw
vít chỉnh tốc Screw on a carburettor for adjusting the fast idle
độ cầm chừng speed.
nhanh -Fast idle screw
vít đầu chữ thập Screw whose head has a double slot in the shape
of a cross, design to accept a special screw-driver.
-Cross-head screw
vít đầu rãnh chữ Proprietary type of cross-head screw.
thập - Cross groove head screws

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1073

 vít đe Stationary point in a contact breaker.
-Fixed contact
vít điều chỉnh Screw for altering e.g. the idling speed of the engine
cầm chừng or for brake adjustment.
-Adjusting screw
vít điều chỉnh Screw in the cover of adjustable wastegates to
cửa xả trong hệ adjust spring height, which adjusts boost pressure;
thống tăng áp screwing down adds HP but may destroy the engine.
-Horsepower screw
vít điều chỉnh độ Screw for adjusting the sideways aim of the headlight
sáng theo chiều beam.
ngang -Horizontal adjuster
vít điều chỉnh Nut that regulates the volume or strength of the air/
gíc-lơ fuel mixture in a variable-choke carburettor.
-Jet adjuster
vít điều chỉnh Adjusting screw which controls the amount of air/
hỗn hợp fuel mixture supplied by the idling circuit of a fixed-
jet carburettor.
-Mixture control screw
vít đóng tự động Tool which features a mechanism that converts the
impact from a hammer into a powerful torque for
loosening (or tightening) threaded fasteners.
-Impact screwdriver
vít lửa Contact breaker.
-Breaker
vít lửa trượt Ignition, assembly developed by Lucas, that causes
the moving contact to slide vertically across the face
of the fixed contact when the spark is advanced.
-Sliding contacts
vít lục giác chìm Type of recessed hexagon screw.
-Allen screw

1074 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 vít thử điện Usually small screwdriver for use when working
on the electrical system, with a thin blade and an
insulated handle, also sometimes an insulated
shank.
-Electrical screwdriver
vỏ Structural case or housing.
-Shell
vỏ ắc quy Housing make of polypropylene used to
accommodate the cells of a battery with their plates
and seperators, and the battery acid.
-Battery case
vỏ biến mô Bell housing.
-Torque converter housing
vỏ bộ biến mô Assembly in an automatic gearbox comprising
the impeller with the converter cover welded to it,
containing the converter fluid and vane wheels and
connected to the crankshaft via the drive plate and
revolving at engine speed.
-Converter case
vỏ bộ lọc nhớt Case surrounding an oil filter.
-Oil filter housing
vỏ bộ ly hợp và Belt housing.
bánh đà -Clutch housing
vỏ bộ xúc tác Converter housing.
-Catalyst container
vỏ bọc Put something on top of or in front of (something),
especially in order to protect or conceal it..
- Cover
vỏ bơm bộ biến Part in an automatic gearbox welded to the pump,
mô with which it constitutes the converter case.
-Converter cover

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1075

 vỏ bơm hình A progressively expanding pump casing proportioned
xoắn ốc to reduce the liquid velocity gradually so that some
of the velocity energy of the liquid is converted into
static pressure.
-Volute casing
vỏ bóng đèn nạp Bulb which protects and supports the arc tube;
khí either filled with gas or evacuated to avoid oxidation
of the arc tube.
-Outer envelope
vỏ cầu phần bán That part of the axle casing enclosing the half-shaft,
trụ or the tube forming a tubular rigid axle.
-Axle tube
vỏ cầu sau Rear-wheel drive transmission housing enclosing an
extended main shaft, sometimes accommodating
the gear lever and associated mechanism.
-Transmission extension (housing)
vỏ cầu vi sai Rear axle with a drum-shaped differential casing.
dạng bán cầu -Banjo axle
vỏ cầu xe Axle casing.
-Axle housing
vỏ chắn bụi Dust boot.
-Boot
vỏ che đèn đầu Rigid or flexible protection against dirt or stone
damage when lights are not being used (may be
flush with body).
-Headlamp cover
vỏ chụp Boot.
-Gaiter
vỏ có lớp bố xiên Cross-ply tyre.
-Bias belted tyre

1076 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 vỏ đặc Solid rubber tyre that is not inflated by air.
-Solid tyre
vồ đầu lồi Mallet with a pear-shaped wooden head commonly
used for shaping and stretching metal over a
sandbag or wooden block.
-Bossing mallet
vô hại đến môi Harmless to the environment, or causing as little
trường harm as possible.
-Environmentally friendly
vỏ hộp số cho Housing containing the gearbox and final drive on
động cơ nằm front-wheel drive cars with transverse engines in
ngang which housing and clutch are at opposite ends of
the engine.
-Transmission housing
vỏ hộp số động A removable part of the floorpan usually located
cơ nằm dọc at the front end of the centre tunnel in cars with
a longitudinally mounted engine; provides better
access to the top of the gearbox for maintenance
and adjustment purposes.
-Transmission cover
vỏ hộp số tự Stationary outer part of the automatic gearbox
động casing which houses the converter case.
-Converter housing
vỏ hộp số và cầu Usually an aluminium casting for the transaxle.
-Transaxle housing
vô lăng lái chỉnh A steering wheel that can be adjusted for height.
được độ cao -Tilt steering wheel
vô lăng lái xe Wheel which is turned by the driver to control the
direction of the vehicle.
-Steering wheel

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1077

 vô lăng từ Magneto mounted in the flywheel of a small engine,
often a two-stroke.
-Flywheel magneto
vô lăng từ gắn Small alternator of the rotating magnet type attached
trên xe máy to one end of the crankshaft and spinning with it,
acting as an additional flywheel; now only used in
mopeds or scooters.
-Flywheel generator
vỏ ngoài bộ vi Casing for a differential, often forming part of the
sai axle casing of a live beam axle.
và bánh răng chủ -Housing
động
vỏ ngoài bộ vi Casing for a differential, often forming part of the
sai và cầu chủ axle casing of a live beam axle.
động -Differential casing
vỏ thân đèn đầu A sheet metal pot welded or screwed to the front
wing that provides the housing for the headlamp and
its bulbs and wiring.
-Headlamp body
vỏ thân van Housing which incorporates the bores in which the
mạch dầu hộp số valve spools slide and the canals which channel the
oil flow.
-Valve body housing
vỏ tua-bin The casing enclosing a turbine.
-Turbine housing or casing
vỏ vi sai External, basically tubular housing containing the
differential and half-shafts and with bearings at
either end for the hubs.
-Axle casing
vỏ với lớp bố Hydrid tyre which is a mixture between cross-ply and
xiêng radial-ply designs, with added belts (as in radial tyres)
on diagonal body plies (as in cross-ply tyres), resulting
in stiffer sidewalls than with straight radial tyres.
-Belted bias tyre

1078 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 vỏ xe Tyre suitable for a passenger car.
-Car tyre
vỏ xe/ bánh xe Additional wheel which allows for the replacement of
dự phòng a defective wheel or a punctured tyre.
-Spare tyre/wheel
vỏ xe chạy được Tyre which can run for a certain length of time
khi xẹp without air in it.
-Run-flat tyre
vỏ xe chạy mọi Tyre mainly for off-road vehicles.
địa hình -All-terrain tyre
vỏ xe chạy mọi Tyre suitable for use in rain and on snowy or icy
thời tiết roads as well as in warm and dry conditions.
-All-weather tyre
vỏ xe có bố quấn Tyre in which the plies are placed radially, or
kiểu hướng tâm perpendicular to the rim, with a circumferential belt
on top of them; the rubber tread is vulcanized on top
of the belt and plies.
-Radial tyre
vỏ xe có gai rộng Tyre with a wide tread but no comparative increase
nhưng không in height.
cao -Low-profile tyre
vỏ xe dự trữ Space saving spare wheel.
-Collapsible spare tire
vỏ xe dùng cho A tyre with a deep tread suitable for winter conditions.
mùa đông -Winter tyre
vỏ xe với lớp bố Tyre in which the plies are laid diagonally, running
xiên across the carcass and crisscrossing one another at
an angle of about 30-40.
-Cross-ply tyre
với bướm ga mở With the throttle fully open.
hoàn toàn -At full throttle

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1079

 với các đại phân With very large molecules.
tử -Macromolecular
vòi nước Tap or shut-off valve controlling the flow of water.
-Cock
vòi phun Tip of the injector, either of multi-hole design for
direct injection or pintle design for indirect injection.
-Injector nozzle
vòi phun chính Jet through which the petrol and air is fed into the
trong bộ chế hòa carburettor barrel where it becomes the air/ fuel
khí mixture.
-Main mixture discharge nozzle
vòi phun chứa Injector nozzle containing the pintle.
van kim -Pintle nozzle
vòi phun nhiều Two-, threeor four-holed injector nozzle in a direct
lỗ tia injection engine.
-Multi-hole nozzle
vòi xả Tap on the cylinder block or, on older cars, at the
bottom of the radiator for draining the cooling
system.
-Drain tap
vòi xả bình chứa Drain tap.
nhiên liệu -Drain cock
vòi xả két nuớc Radiator tap; unlike the radiator drain plug, tools are
not required to drain the coolant from a radiator with
a drain cock.
-Radiator drain cock
vôn kế Instrument for measuring voltage.
-Voltmeter
vonfram Hard, malleable, greyish-white element used in lamp
filaments, electrical contact points and, alloyed with
steel, in high-speed cutting tools.
-Tungsten

1080 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 vòng bi Circular frame which holds the balls in place in a ball
bearing.
-Ball cage
vòng bi chặn A low-friction bearing on a rotating shaft that
resists axial thrust in the shaft; usually consists of
a collar which bears against a ring of well lubricated
stationary and sometimes tilting pads.
-Thrust bearing
vòng cản Baulk ring.
-Balk ring
vòng chặn Retaining ring in the form of an incomplete circle
and made of spring steel, often with eyes either side
of the gap so that it can be opened for removal.
-Circlip
vòng chịu mòn Ring used to prevent costly wear of the casing
trong bơm and impeller at the running joint; (fitted on both the
casing and the impeller).
-Wear ring
vòng chuyển tiếp Steering wh Spacer ring that adapts hubs to wheels
để nối bánh xe with a different number of lugs, e.g. 4-lug hubs to
khác số lỗ 5-lug wheels.
-Wheel adapter
vòng đệm Washer fitted under the head of a bolt or screw.
-Collar
vòng đệm bảo vệ Filter disc between the primary piston and primary
phanh seal which supports and protects the primary seal
when the brake system is under pressure.
-Protector washer
vòng đệm chặn An axially loaded washer, e.g. of a shaft bearing.
-Thrust washer
vòng đệm dưới Washer fitted under the head of a bolt or screw.
đầu bu-lông -Underhead collar
hoặc đinh vít

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1081

 vòng đệm hình O Annular seal, of round or rectangular cross section
and almost any diameter; made of rubber, neoprene,
etc. , or of soft metal, such as copper.
-O-ring
vòng đệm kín Primary piston seal in a tandem master cylinder.
của pít-tông sơ -Primary seal
cấp trong xi lanh
cái
vòng đệm kín pít- Fluid seal on a disc brake caliper piston.
tông -Piston seal
vòng đệm làm Flexible ring, disc or washer that prevents the
kín passage of liquid, air, gas or dirt.
-Seal
vòng đĩa ma sát Ring of friction material on the clutch plate.
ly hợp -Clutch lining
vòng điều khiển Chain of control in which feedback, usually from
kín a sensor or sensors, is used to regulate mixture
strength, dwell angle and other engine functions by
electronic means.
-Closed loop
vòng đồng tốc Part in a synchromesh gearbox which prevents a
gear being engaged too soon.
-Baulk ring
vòng ép trong Part used in an oil-control ring consisting of more
séc- măng dầu than one part (e.g. one upper and one lower rail)
to exert a constant pressure on the ring, in order to
ensure a tight seal towards the cylinder wall.
-Expander ring or spacer
vòng gân vành Hump.
bánh xe -RIM ridge

1082 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 vòng ghép của Ringshaped insert of a harder metal than that of
đế xú-páp the cylinder head; the use of valve seat inserts
dispenses with the need for lead in the fuel to act as
a lubricant between the valve head and seat.
-Valve seat insert or ring
vòng giữ Circular clip for holding a beaker or glass, typically
on the centre console.
-Beverage holder
vòng kẹp nhíp xe Pivoting link between the rear end of a leaf spring
and the bodywork or chassis, which moves as the
length of the spring varies.
-Shackle
vòng mang cụm Part which revolves around the central axis of a
bánh răng hành planetary gear set and supports the planet gears.
tinh -Planet carrier
vòng che chốt Circlip used to secure the piston ring laterally in the
pít-tông piston.
-Gudgeon pin circlip
vòng răng An annulus gear, crown wheel or toothed rim of a
flywheel which engages the pinion of the starter
motor.
-Ring gear
vòng răng bánh Starter ring gear.
đà -Flywheel ring gear
vòng răng khởi A gear fitted around the flywheel that is engaged by
động trên bánh teeth on the starter drive to crank the engine.
đà -Starter ring gear
vòng răng trong Hollow gear-wheel in the form of a ring with
either internal teeth, as in epicyclic or planetary
transmissions, or external teeth.
-Annulus (gear).

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1083

 vòng răng và Pair of gears the final drive of a vehicle, always
bánh răng nón found in the back axle of a rear-wheel drive layout
chủ động where the pinion is on the end of the propeller shaft
driving the crown wheel mounted on the differential
at right angles to it, and also in front wheel drives
where the engine is not transversely mounted:.
-Crown wheel and pinion.
vòng rế Circular frame which holds the balls in place in a ball
bearing.
-Ball cage
vòng rế ổ bi Inner or outer cylindrical ring holding the balls or
rollers in an antifriction.
-Race
vòng tiếp điện In an alternator, the rings that form a rotating
máy phát connection between the armature windings and the
brushes.
-Slip ring
vòng treo ống xả Flexible ring or strap to hold a pipe, e.g. an exhaust
pipe.
-Hanger
vòng tròn nhỏ The smallest circle in which a vehicle can turn, i.e.
nhất with the wheels on full lock.
-Turning circle
vòng trong hoặc In balls or rollers bearings, one of two steel rings
ngoài bạc đạn between which the balls or rollers run in tracks.
-Bearing race
vòng xoay (US) roundabout.
-Traffic circle
võng xuống do Bend under weight or pressure.
trọng lượng -Sag
hoặc áp suất

1084 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 vùng biến dạng Crumple zone.
-Deformation zone
vùng ca-pô chứa The engine compartment.
động cơ xe -Underbonnet area
vùng cháy trong Area when combustion occurs in a rotary piston
động cơ Wankel engine.
-Combustion chamber recess
vùng chịu tải (US) Load area of an estate car or pick-up truck.
-Cargo area
vùng đầu pít- The lands and rings of a piston.
tông -Ring belt
vùng giữa xe Located near the vehicle centre rather than at the
outside.
-Inboard
vùng góc đánh The heat range reserve defines the distance to
lửa có thể tăng the start of preignition under further increasing
thermal loading of the sparking plug. This reserve
is expressed in degrees crankshaft, the amount by
which the factory set ignition timing can be further
advanced without preignition occuring.
-Heat-range reserve
vùng hẹp trong Narrow section of a combustion chamber in which
buồng đốt mà the fuel charge is more compressed by the piston
hỗn hợp bị nén than in the rest of the chamber; designed to help
direct the flow of the fresh charge and to improve
scavenging.
-Squish band or zone
vùng kính The window surface area of a vehicle body; may
also refer to the whole area of the body above the
waist line.
-Glass area

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1085

 vùng lạnh trong Those parts within the combustion chamber of an
buồng cháy engine where the temperature of the A/F mixture
is lower than necessary for optimum combustion,
due to contact with the relatively cold metal surface;
incomplete combustion in the quench zones is one
of the two major factors contributing to HC and CO
concentrations in the exhaust gas.
-Quench zones
vùng sơn dặm Border of a repair area to which filler has been applied,
which has been sanded to merge imperceptibly into
the undamaged area.
-Feather edge
vùng tiếp xúc Contact patch.
-Contact area
vùng tốc độ cao The upper range of engine revolutions.
của động cơ -Top end
vùng tốc độ thấp Lower range of engine revolutions.
của động cơ -Bottom end
vượt To pass another vehicle going in the same direction.
-Overtake
vượt qua mặt To drive out from behind a vehicle in front of in order
to overtake.
-Pull out
xả To empty (the sump, radiator, etc.) of a liquid.
-Drain
xà beng Tool with a parallel shaft for use with a hammer to
drive out pins, shafts, rivets, etc.
-Pin punch
xả gió To drain fluid from (a hydraulic system) usually to
remove any air which may have found its way in.
-Bleed

1086 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 xa tâm xe Away from the centre of the vehicle.
-Outboard
xác định xe bị hư Insurance assessor, it is to consider (a car) to be a
hoàn toàn total loss.
-Write off
xăng Gasoline.
-Gas
xăng cho động Fuel for jet engines.
cơ phản lực -Kerosene or kerosine
xăng không pha Unleaded petrol.
chì -Lead-free petrol
xăng pha chì Petrol to which lead has been added as an anti-
knock agent.
-Leaded petrol
xăng super có Petrol with a high octane rating, typically 98.
chỉ số octane -Super petrol
cao
xay nghiền To grind, press or reduce to powder.
-Mill
xảy ra trễ Occurring late. It is opposite to advanced.
-Retarded
xe Transports provide of carring people or cargo.
-Vehicle
xe hai cửa Car with closed two-door bodywork usually having
a boot (i.e. not a hatch back) and sleek and sporty
lines, the rear seat often being rather cramped.
-Coupe
xe năm cửa Body design typical of estate cars and most
hatchbacks, with four side doors and a tailgate.
-Five-door

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1087

 xe ba bánh A light car with three wheels; formerly made popular
by, for example, the Morgan, the BSA and the
Coventry Victor, now embodied by the Reliant Robin.
-Three-wheeler
xe bồn chở Lorry designed to carry liquit in bulk.
nhiên liệu -Tanker
xe bồn chở xăng Specially equipped lorry for transporting petrol/ fuel.
dầu -Petrol tanker
xe buýt Vehicle for carrying a fairly large number of
passengers, usually for payment, over a set route
and with a fixed time schedule.
-Bus
xe buýt hai tầng Bus with two decks or storeys, used mainly in large
hoặc hai khoang owns.
-Double-decker bus
xe buýt hai Bus in two sections, usually a single-decker, with
khoang passenger accommodation in both sections.
-Articulated bus
xe buýt một tầng Bus with one storey or deck.
-Single-decker bus
xe buýt nhỏ Small, single-decker bus designed to carry around
12-20 people.
-Minibus
xe cao cấp Large, powerful luxury car considered suitable for a
business executive .
-Executive car
xe cấp cứu Vehicle designed for carrying sick or injured people.
-Ambulance
xe cầu trước chủ Configuration in which the drive is taken from the
động engine to the front wheels, which propel the vehicle.
-Front-wheel drive (FWD)

1088 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 xe chạy bằng mô Drive by means of hydraulic motors, particularly
tơ thủy lực where the drive is to each wheel of an off-road
vehicle.
-Hydrostatic transmission
xe chạy dầu Vehicles, which operate on diesel fuel.
- Diesel-engine car
xe chạy không Moving forward in a succession of sudden jerks as a
đều do mới học result of improper use of the clutch, (a characteristic
lái of learner drivers).
-Kangarooing
xe chạy không Of a car whose engine provides less power than is
đủ công suất necessary for acceptable performance; especially
noticeable when accelerating, overtaking or going
uphill.
-Underpowered
xe chạy nối đuôi Driving mode in rush-hour traffic; bumper-to-bumper.
nhau -Nose-to-tail
xe chế tạo bằng A car built with recycled materials and designed so
vật liệu tái chế as to facilitate recycling.
-Recycling car
xe chở khách Electrically driven public transport vehicle which
công cộng runs on rails laid in the surface of the road and which
is usually powered by an overhead cable.
-Tram (car)
xe chở khách Tram car.
công cộng chạy -Streamline
bằng điện
xe chưa lắp bộ A car built prior to the enforcement of emission
xúc tác control standards requiring a catalytic converter to
be fitted to every new car.
-Pre-converter vehicle

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1089

 xe chuyên dụng Vehicle equipped for towing or sometime transporting
để kéo các xe disabled vehicles.
hỏng hóc -Breakdown truck

xe cộ Any form of transportation but especially one with

wheels.
-Vehicle

xe cộ có bánh Any automotive vehicle that does not run on rails;

usually with rubber tyres; such as cars, trucks,
lorries and motorcycles.
-Motor vehicle

xe có đèn đầu Nickname for the Series 1 Austin-Healey Sprite

kiểu mắt ếch produced from 1858-1962, which had the headlamps
projecting above the bonnet line.
-Frogeye

xe cổ điển A car constructed in the period 1919-1930.

-Vintage car

xe cổ điển mui Classic car style characterized by the fact that

trần nhưng có only the rear seats were protected by a hard or
tấm che ghế sau convertible top, whereas the driver was exposed to
the open air in order to be more aware of road and
weather conditions; an imitation landaulet style is
still found on some American sedans (saloons).
-Landau or landaulet

xe có động cơ Car whose engine is located behind the passenger

đặt ở giữa compartment but within the wheelbase.
-Mid-engine car

xe có khung Caravan with canvas or other fabric walls, which

được bọc bằng folds compactly to the size and shape of a small
vải bạt trailer whose light weight and low profile result in low
wind resistance and fuel consumption.
-Soft-sided caravan.

1090 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 xe cỡ lớn nhất Largest type of car according to American car
categories.
-Full-size car
xe có ngăn riêng (US) Estate car.
xếp hành lý -Station wagon
xe có quá nhiều A new or used car with many defects.
khuyết tật -Lemon
xe cơ quan Car belonging to a company fleet, typically one
driven by a sales representative which has done a
high mileage.
-Fleet car
xe có thùng Van with a large square-sectioned enclosed area for
chứa hàng hóa goods behind the driver’s cab.
-Box van
xe cộ trên đường Vehicles travelling along a road or street.
-Traffic
xe công ty Car provided by an employer for an employee’s
business or private use.
-Company car
xe của đại lý bán (Informal) Car used by a sales representative.
hàng -Rep mobile
xe của người Usually older car which is value to collectors.
sưu tập -Collector’s car
xe cứu hỏa Fire engine.
-Fire applicance
xe đa địa hình For use on any kind of surface.
-All-terrain car
xe đã được cải Car that has been radically modified for increased
biến để tăng power.
công suất -Hot rod

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1091

 xe đã qua trưng Car formerly used by a dealer as a demonstrator.
bày -Ex-demonstrator
xe đầu kéo nhiều Several linked trailers pulled by a large truck;
rơ moóc common in Australia for transporting stock.
-Road train
xe để khách Car for sale which has been used as a demonstrator.
hàng chạy thử -Ex-demonstrator for sale
được đem bán
xe để khách Car used by a dealer for test drives and sold at a
hàng chạy thử reduced price after a year or less of use.
và bán hạ giá -Demonstrator
sau đó
xe để tháo phụ Cars from which parts are used to repair another
tùng one of the same type or to build a special or kit car.
-Donor car
xe địa hình Terrain car.
- Terrain vehicles
xe điện Tramcar.
-Electric car
xe du lịch Passenger car.
-Car
xe đua được A version of a car used for racing which has less
chỉnh lại để chạy power and is suitable for road use.
đường trường -A detuned road-going version
xe đua thể thức Formula according to which racing cars are built for
một the major Grand Prix races counting for the World
Championship.
-Formula 1
xe được điều Controlled vehicle.
khiển -Detoxed vehicle

1092 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 xe được hạ thấp Customized car lowered to the extreme through
khung body and suspension modifications.
-Low rider
xe được kiểm Vehicle fitted with a system for reducing exhaust
soát khí thải emissions, such as a catalytic converter, EGR, air
injection or fuel evaporative emission control.
-Controlled vehicle
xe gắn máy Motorcycle.
-Motorbike
xe gắn máy có Two-wheeled cycle with a low powered motor (under
công suất thấp 50 cc).
-Moped
xe garage cho Acar lent by a dealer to a customer while the
mượn customer’s car is under repair.
-Replacement vehicle
xe gỗ dùng để Low flat trolley made of wooden slats with castors,
chui gầm used by mechanics to lie on when working under a
vehicle.
-Creeper
xe hai cửa Having one door on each side; a body design typical
of all two-seater sports cars (such as roadster,
spiders) and many subcompact cars.
-Two-door
xe hạng sang Although the word means luxury, on its own it is
often used to denote a rather basic model.
-Luxe
xe hao xăng Car that uses a lot of petrol.
-Gas guzzler
xe hoặc phụ tùng A car or spare part of which only a single unit is
chỉ làm một lần made.
-One-off

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1093

 xe hơi Dated or formal word for motor car in British English,
but still widely used in American English.
-Automobile
xe hơi Elegant style of body mainly seen on classic cars,
hai cửa mui xếp with two wide doors and a large hood with no
windows in the side and only a small window at the
rear.
-Drophead coupé
xe hơi bốn cửa Having two doors on each side, the typical layout for
family saloons and exective cars.
-Four-door
xe hơi chế tạo A car constructed before 1919, especially one made
trước năm 1919 before 1905. Only the latter are permitted to take
part in the London-Brighton Commemoration Run.
-Veteran car
xe hơi cổ Specially applies to cars of the postwar era up to
about 1970 or even 1980, but also used as a general
term for all old cars.
-Classic car
xe hơi có khí Early cars had too much wind resistance which
động học kém wasted power. The poor aerodynamic of early cars
resulted in wastage of power.
-Cars with poor aerodynamics
xe hơi của Đức German make of car, the letters standing for
Bayerishe Motorenwerke.
-BMW
xe hơi đua Car specially constructed for taking part in
competitions, such as races, hill climbs and rallies.
-Competition car
xe hơi loại nhỏ Very compact car; usually 10-12 feet in length.
-City car

1094 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 xe hơi loại nhỏ American car category with a length of 14 ft 5 ins -17
năm chỗ ft and taking five passengers.
-Compact car
xe hơi sang Limousine that has been lengthened to provide
trọng extra seating and more legroom.
- Luxury car
xe hộp số In informal US English, passenger car with a manual
thường gearbox.
-Handshaker
xe khách đường A single-deck bus, usually with a luxurious
dài specification, for carrying passenger over long
distances, either from city to city regular schedules
or in groups on tours.
-Coach
xe kiểu nhà lưu Motorized caravan, with a body in appearance like
động a van, built on a small to medium-sized commercial
vehicle chassis and offering sleeping, cooking and
other facilities.
-Camper van
xe kinh doanh Vehicle for carrying goods or large number of
passenger for money.
-Commercial vehicle
xe lai Car with a hybrid propulsion system.
-Hybrid car
xe loại tiện nghi Fairly basic car model specification.
-Comfort
xe lớn dài sang Large luxurious car with a glass partition between
trọng driver and passengers.
-Limousine
xe lưu động có Caravan with foldable, hard wall panels.
vách cố định -Hardsided caraven

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1095

 xe mô tô ba bánh Old name for a three-wheeler.
-Tricar
xe móc A, usually two-wheeled, vehicle designed to be
towed behind a car.
-Trailer.
xe mô tô Single-track vehicle usually driven by a two-stroke or
four-stroke engine; often air-cooled, less frequently
liquid-cooled and usually between 125 cc and1000
cc.
-Motorcycle
xe mui trần Convertible with a soft top and windows, usually a
four-seate.
-Cabriolet
xe mui trần năm An early type of convertible, often with a folding top,
chỗ seating five or more passengers.
-Touring car or tourer
xe mui trần có A convertible with a roof made of fabric rather than
mui vải metal.
-Soft top
xe mui trần thể Open two-seater with a folding top made of unlined
thao canvas.
-Roadster
xe mui xếp Car with a hood that can be folded down or a hard
top which can be removed.
-Convertible
xe Mỹ loại trung American car category, with space for 5-6
với năm hoặc passengers and a length of 207-215 ins.
sáu chỗ -Intermediate
xe năm cửa loại High-performance hatchback.
tốt -Hot hatch

1096 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 xe nâng hàng Small vehicle used for loading in factories,
warehouses, docks, etc., with two arms at the front
projecting forwards which fit into pallets and can be
raised lowered.
-Fork-lift truck
xe nhỏ Similar to a city car, may be even smaller.
-Shopping car
xé nhuyễn nhiên System developed by Ford, for a fixed-jet carburettor
liệu bằng siêu which uses air at the speed of sound to atomize fuel
âm supplied by the idling circuit; makes idling smoother
and reduces exhaust pollution.
-Sonic idling or sonic throttling
xe ô tô Motor car.
-Motor
xe ô tô nhỏ Very small saloon car, carrying no more than four
adults.
-Minicar
xe ô tô nhỏ của American car category with an overall length less
Mỹ than 14ft 7in and a wheelbase less than 8ft 4in;
FWD or 4wd.
-Subcompact (car)
xe ô tô rất nhỏ Small car, popular in the 1950s, that featured a
body offering full-weather protection and mechanics
often derived from motorcycle technology, e.g.
Goggomobil, BMW Isetta, etc.
-Microcar
xe ô tô Dated or formal word for motor car in British english,
but still widely used in american english.
-Automobile
xe ô tô bốn chỗ Basically a saloon or coupe with a tailgate.
-Hatchback

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1097

 xe ô tô gia đình Car suitable for transporting a family, usually a four-
door saloon or hatchback.
-Family car
xe ô tô mui kín In US English, it is saloon.
-Sedan
xe ô tô mui kín Twoor four-door car with seating for four or five
hai hoặc bốn cửa people. In US English, it is sedan.
-Saloon
xe phục vụ giải Any vehicle used for pleasure rather than business
trí or transport (e.g. dune buggies) (RV).
-Recreational vehicle
xe rơ moóc dùng (US) Caravan.
làm nhà ở -Mobile home
xe rùa Slow-moving vehicle.
-Crawler
xe sản xuất đại Car manufactured by a mass-production process.
trà -Production car or model
xe sản xuất hàng Mass-produced car.
loạt -Volume car
xe sử dụng hộp Car with a manual gearbox.
số thường -Manual
xe sử dụng năng Lightweight electric vehicle powered by solar
lượng mặt trời generators.
-Solar car
xe sửa lại để đua Production car (usually a saloon) modified for a form
of racing in which the cars often (deliberately) collide.
-Stock car
xe tắc xi (taxi) Car in which passengers are carried for a rate which
is usually recorded by a meter .
-Taxi (cab)

1098 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 xe tải Large motor vehicle for carrying goods. In US
English, it is always truck.
-Lorry
xe tải chuyên A covered road vehicle for carrying goods (b)
chở hành lý hoặc a recreational vehicle based on the body of a
người commercial van, usually with comfortable, plush
interior trim, often with a bed.
-Van
xe tải có bửng Lorry for heavy loads with a low-level loading
sau hạ sát đất để platform and often an extension ramp or lift-operated
lấy hàng tailboard which can be lowered to street level.
-Low-loader
xe tải cỡ nhỏ In Australian, which is utility truck.
-Ute
xe tải lớn A very large goods lorry.
-Juggernaut
xe tải nặng Vehicle capable of carrying heavy loads and
requiring a special licence to drive.
-Heavy goods vehicle
xe tải nhẹ Typically a vehicle under 3 tons, which includes
pickups, passenger vans and most 4WD vehicles
and for which one does not need a special licence.
-Light truck or van
xe tải nhỏ Small truck with an open body and low sides. It is
called a utility or informally ute in Australia.
- Pickup truck
xe tay ga Lightweight motorcycle with small wheels, an
enclosed engine, open foot platform and leg shields.
-Motor scooter
xe tay lái nghịch Right-hand drive.
-RHD

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1099

 xe tay lái trái Steering system in which the steering wheel is
located on the right-hand side of the vehicle; used
for driving on the left, as in the UK, Japan, Australia,
etc. (RHD). It is opposite to left-hand drive.
-Right-hand drive
xe thể thao Usually a relatively low-profile two-seater,
sometimes with two spare seats in the back;
emphasis is on handling and performance rather
than on smooth ride.
-Sports car or sportster
xe thể thao cao A fast, sporty car model.
tốc -Speedster
xe thể thao cổ Morris Garages; a popular old British sports car
nổi tiếng của marque Morris Garages.
Anh -MG
xe thí nghiệm độ Special vehicle built for research into and testing of
an toàn safety features.
-Experimental safety vehicle (ESV)
xe thử nghiệm Car incorporating new ideas, of which only one
example is usually made primarily as a design
exercise, but also to impress the public.
-Concept car
xe to dùng để Large articulated lorry for transporting several cars
chở ô tô (on two or three decks).
-Transporter
xe trọng tải lớn Designed for heavy loads.
-Heavy-duty vehicle.
xe tự lắp Car that is assembled (often by the DIY enthusiast)
from its constituent parts; usually with a GRP body
shell.
-Kit car

1100 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 xe van loại nhỏ Minibus-sized van with no side windows, used to
transport goods instead of people.
-Minivan
xe vận tải lớn để Large van or lorry, especially one for moving
chuyên chở đồ furniture.
gỗ -Pantechnicon
xe Volkswagen The original VW Beetle with a 2-part rear window
có cửa trượt split vertically; produced up to 1953.
đứng -Split-window Beetle
xe vừa chở Private car which is essentially a saloon whose roof
khách vừa chở is extended to the rear of the car, which is more or
hàng less vertical and incorporates a tailgate, giving the
increase by lowering the can be further increased
by lowering the back of the rear seat. In US English,
it is station wagon.
-Estate car
xéc-măng One of usually three metal rings installed in grooves
in the piston which seal the small clearance between
the piston and the cylinder wall.
-Piston ring
xéc-măng có Compression ring with a rectangular cross section.
mặt cắt hình chữ -Rectangular-section ring
nhật
xéc-măng dầu Piston ring whose primary function is to control the
amount of oil that remains on the cylinder walls.
-Oil scraper ring
xéc-măng có Scraper type piston ring.
rãnh -Grooved compression ring
xéc-măng khí với Upper compression ring which, due to its tapered
tiết diện hình côn cross-section, requires a reduced running-in period
thus ensuring a tight seal quickly.
-Tapered compression ring

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1101

 xéc-măng nhớt Oil scraper ring.
-Scraper ring
xéc-măng khí Upper piston ring of an internal combustion engine.
-Compression ring
xe/nhà lưu động (US) caravan.
-Trailer
xếp lại To draw back, pull back or rewind.
-Retract
xì hơi Having lost all its air; containing no air.
-Deflated
xi-lanh cái hai Master cylinder with two pistons; when the brake pedal
tầng hệ thống is pressed, the pushrod activates the primary piston
phanh which in turn moves the secondary piston; necessary
for dual-circuit braking system t.
-Tandem master cylinder
xi-lanh chính Master cylinder, in which, when the brake pedal is
pressed then the pushrod activates the piston. It
provides the higher force for braking system.
-Master cylinder
xích có ba dãy A chain with three rows of rollers.
con lăn -Triplex chain
xích con lăn đơn Simplex chain.
-Single roller chain
xích con lăn kép Duplex chan.
-Double roller chain
xích đôi Chain with two rows of rollers, used especially for
timing chains.
-Duplex chain
xích đơn Chain with only one row of rollers.
-Simplex chain

1102 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 xích truyền Chain passing round two or more sprockets,
động transmitting motion from one to the other(s).
-Drive chain

xích truyền The chain of a primary drive.

động chính -Primary chain

xoắn ốc In the shape of a helix.

-Helical

xoáy bằng đá To smooth and polish with a hone.

mài -Hone

xoay quanh một To turn or swing about a point.

điểm -Swivel

xoay quanh trục To move or rotate about a vertical axis.

đứng -Yaw

xoáy xy lanh To regrind worn or damaged cylinder bores before

fitting oversize pistons.
-Rebore

xông kính sau Heating element that demists inside and de-ices
outside. In US English, which is backlight heater
system.
-Rear window heating

xông sau khởi Glow plugs) heating after the engine is started to
động prevent blue smoke and misfiring during the warm-
up phase.
-Post-heating

xốp không khí Permeable to air or fluids.

-Porous

xốp lau xe Large sponge for washing a car.

-Car sponge

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1103

 xử lý bề mặt Producing a dull or rough surface or a decorative finish
bằng cơ khí by grinding, brushing, polishing or abrasive blasting.
-Mechanical surface treatment

xử lý chống rỉ Treatment of iron and steel, i.e. using sealant, for

sét the purpose of corrosion protection.
-Anti-rust treatment

xử lý để chống To make resistant to rust.

gỉ -Rustproof

xử lý trước khi Pretreatment before electro-plating; a thin zinc

mạ deposit forms by immersion of aluminium in a
zinc solution which prevents further oxidation of
the aluminium and provides a key for the galvanic
coating.
-Zinc immersion treatment

xuất phát In US English, which is go off.

-Kick

xúc tác đã qua Catalyst which has been used.

sử dụng -Aged catalyst

xưởng làm đồng Catalyst which has been used.

sơn -Aged catalyst

xưởng làm mui Us workshop or factory specializes in replacing the

xe standard steel roof of cars or pick-up trucks with a
convertible top.
-Chop shop

xưởng lắp ráp Body assembly shop in a factory.

thân xe -Body shop

xưởng sửa Workshop specializing in the body repairs.

chữa thân xe -Body repair shop

1104 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 xú-páp thải Valve usually of the poppet type and smaller than
the inlet valve, in four-stroke ic engines, operated
directly or indirectly by a camshaft to open during
the exhaust stroke to allow the combustion gases
to escape.
-Exhaust valve

xi-lanh Tubular chamber which accommodates a

reciprocating piston, a in an engine or a hydraulic
system.
-Cylinder

xi-lanh cái hệ Large cylinder in a hydraulic system in which the

thống phanh hydraulic fluid is compressed by a piston.
-Master cylinder

xi-lanh con Small cylinder containing a piston which, under

hydraulic pressure from a master cylinder, operates
the brake shoes or pads in hydraulic brakes or the
working part in any other hydraulically operated
system (such as clutch slave cylinder).
-Slave cylinder

xi-lanh nhỏ Hydraulic brake actuating device; major parts are

cylinder body, spring, cup expander, cup or piston
seal, piston, dust boot, bleeder valve.
-Wheel cylinder

xi-lanh phanh Wheel cylinder.

-Brake cylinder

xi-lanh trong bộ Inner cylinder of a double-tube shock absorber.

giảm xóc hai -Working cylinder
ống

Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô 1105

 xi-lanh cái với Tandem master cylinder.
piston kép -Dual-piston master cylinder

xi-lanh có chốt Cylinder in the middle of a cylinder lock that is

định vị prevented from turning (locked) by a number of pins
(typically five) which penetrate down through the
wall of the cylinder.
-Lock buster

xi-lanh con Working chamber of a double-tube shock absorber.

trong ống giảm -Inner cylinder
chấn

1106 Từ điển Việt - Anh chuyên ngành ô tô

 Phần III:
TỪ VIẾT TẮT

Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô 1107

1108 Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô
 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt

A
AALA American Automobile Điều luật dán nhãn xe hơi của
Labelling Act Hoa Kỳ
AAT Ambient Air Temperature Nhiệt độ môi trường
ABC Active Body Control Kiểm soát thân xe chủ động
ABS Anti-Lock Braking System Hệ thống chống bó cứng phanh/
thắng
AC Alternating Current Dòng điện xoay chiều

A/C Air Conditioning Điều hòa nhiệt độ/máy lạnh

ACC Adaptive Cruise Control Kiểm soát hành trình
ACC Air Conditioning Clutch Ly hợp máy lạnh
ACC Automatic Climate Control Tự động điều chỉnh nhiệt độ
ACCS Air Conditioning Cyclic Công tắc điều khiển tuần hoàn
Switch điều hòa/máy lạnh
ACE Active Cornering Nâng cao chủ động khi vào cua/rẽ
Enhancement
ACM Airbag Control Module Mô-đun điều khiển túi khí
ACM Audio Control Module Mô-đun điều khiển hệ thống âm
thanh
ACR4 Air Conditioning Đông lạnh, phục hồi, tái chế, nạp
Refrigerant, Recovery, lại điều hoà/máy lạnh
Recycling, Recharging
ACON Air Conditioning On Bật/mở điều hoà/máy lạnh
ACP Air Conditioning Pressure Áp suất điều hoà/máy lạnh
ACT Air Charge Temperature Nhiệt độ khí nạp
ACV (Thermactor) Air Control Van điều áp khí
Valve

Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô 1109

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
A/D Analog to Digital Chuyển đổi tín hiệu cơ sang tín
hiệu số
AD Accommodated Device Thiết bị điều tiết
ADAS Advanced Driver Hệ thống trợ giúp người lái tiên
Assistance System tiến
ADBV Anti-Drainback Valve Van chống chảy ngược

ADC Automatic Distance Control Kiểm soát khoảng cách tự động

ADG Accommodated Device Cổng thiết bị
Gateway
ADL Automatic Door Lock Khoá cửa tự động
ADS Auxiliary Discriminating Cảm biến nhận dạng phụ
Sensor
ADU Analog-Digital Unit Bộ chuyển đổi tín hiệu từ cơ học
sang số học
AECM Airbag Electronic Control Mô-đun điều khiển điện tử cho túi
Module khí
A/F Air-Fuel Ratio (see also Tỷ lệ không khí - nhiên liệu
AFR)
AFC Air Flow Control Điều khiển dòng khí
AFC Air Fuel Control Kiểm soát tỷ lệ không khí - nhiên
liệu
AFCD Advanced Frontal Crash Hình nhân thử va chạm tân tiến
Dummy
AFCM Alternate Fuel Control Mô-đun điều khiển nhiên liệu thay
Module thế
AFECM Alternate Fuel Engine Mô-đun điều khiển động cơ dùng
Control Module nhiên liệu thay thế
AFL Adaptive Forward Lighting Đèn pha mở dải chiếu sáng theo
góc lái

1110 Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
AFR Air-Fuel Ratio Sự thay đổi của tỷ lệ hòa khí
AFO Alternate Fuel Operation Vận hành bằng nhiên liệu thay thế
AEG Automotive Expert Group Nhóm chuyên gia ô tô
AGVS Automated Guided Vehicle Hệ thống điều khiển xe tự động
System
AHLD Automatic Headlamp Thiết bị điều chỉnh độ chúc của
Leveling Device đèn pha tự động
AHR Active Head Restraint Tựa đầu
AHRS Ampe Hours Ampe Giờ
AHS Active Handling System Hệ thống xử lý chủ động
AIM Automotive Interior Material Vật liệu nội thất xe hơi
AIR Air Injection Reaction Phản ứng phun khí (phun khí
(Secondary Air Injection) phụ)
AIRB Secondary Air Injection Lỗ phun hơi đốt phụ
Bypass
AIRD Secondary Air Injection Chuyển hướng phun hơi đốt phụ
Diverter
AIS Automatic Idle Speed Tốc độ không tải tự động

ALC Automatic Lamp Control Điều khiển đèn tự động

ALC Automatic Level Control Điều khiển mức độ tự động

ALCL Assembly Line Liên kết giao tiếp dây chuyền sản
Communications Link xuất
(replaced with DLC)
ALDL Assembly Line Data Link Liên kết dữ liệu dây chuyền sản
(replaced with DLC) xuất
ALR Automatic Locking Tự động khóa
Retractor
ALT Alternator (replaced with Máy phát điện
GEN)

Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô 1111

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit Bộ logic số học

AM Amplitude Modulation Điều biến biên độ

AMP Amplifier Máy khuyếch đại

AMPS Amperes or Amperage Ampe hoặc viết tắt của ampe

AMS Automatic Music Search Dò nhạc tự động

AMT Automated Manual Hộp số cơ khí bán tự động

Transmission
AOD Automatic Overdrive Tăng tốc tự động

AODE Automatic Overdrive Tăng tốc điện tử tự động (hộp số)

Electronic (Transmission)
AODE-W Automatic Overdrive Tăng tốc điện tử tự động - tỷ số
Electronic - Wide Ratio lớn (hộp số)
(Transmission)
AOS Automatic Occupant Cảm biến ngồi ghế tự động
Sensing
AP Accelerator Pedal Chân ga

APP Accelerator Pedal Position Vị trí chân ga

APADS Air Conditioning Protection Hệ thống bảo vệ và chẩn đoán

And Diagnostic System điều hoà/máy lạnh
API American Petroleum Học viện Hoá dầu Hoa Kỳ
Institute
APT Adjustable Part Throttle Van bướm điều chỉnh được

AI Artificial Intelligence Trí tuệ nhân tạo

ARC Active Roll Control Kiểm soát chủ động độ lắc

ARC Automatic Ride Control Kiểm soát lái tự động

1112 Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
ARS Adaptive Receptive System Hệ thống tiếp thu thông tin

ARS Automatic Restraint Hệ thống điều khiển tự động

System
ASA Air Signal Attenuator Tín hiệu suy giảm không khí

ARTS (Adaptive Restraint Hệ thống điện tử kích hoạt gối

Technology System) hơi theo những thông số cần thiết
tại thời điểm xảy ra va chạm.
ASARC Air Suspension Automatic Kiểm soát lái tự động cho hệ
Ride Control thống nhún khí
ASC Anti Stall Control Kiểm soát chống chết máy

ASD Automatic Shutdown Tự động ngừng hoạt động

ASF Audi Space Frame Khung không gian Audi

ASG Automatic-Shift Gearbox Hộp chuyển số tự động

ASM Acceleration Simulation Chế độ kích thích tăng tốc

Mode
ASM Air Solenoid Module Mô-đun solenoid khí

ASM Alarm Siren Module Mô-đun cảnh báo tăng cấp

ASR Acceleration Slip Trượt khi tăng tốc

Regulation
ASSYST Active Service System Hệ thống bảo trì chủ động

ASTM American Society for Tổ chức Vật liệu & Thử nghiệm
Testing and Materials Hoa Kỳ
A/T Automatic Transmission/ Hộp số tự động
Transaxle
ATC Automatic Temperature Điều chỉnh nhiệt độ tự động
Control

Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô 1113

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
ATF Automatic Transfer Case Bộ chuyển đổi tự động

ATF Automatic Transmission Dầu/nhớt hộp số tự động

Fluid
ATM Actuator Test Mode Chế độ khởi động máy kiểm tra

ATTS Advanced Torque Transfer Hệ thống chuyển đổi mô-men

System xoắn tân tiến
ATX Automatic Transaxle Truyền lực tự động

AWD All Wheel Drive Điều khiển mọi bánh

AYC Active Yaw Control Kiểm soát sự trệch đường chủ

động
AXOD Automatic Overdrive Ép truyền lực tự động
Transaxle
AXOD-E Automatic Overdrive Ép truyền lực tự động - kiểm soát
Transaxle - Electronically điện tử
Controlled

B
BAC Blood Alcohol Content Nồng độ cồn trong máu

BDC Bottom Dead Centre Điểm chết dưới

BTDC Berfore Top Dead Cenre Trước điểm chết trên

BA Brake Assist Hệ thống hỗ trợ phanh gấp

BARO Barometric Pressure Máy đo áp suất

BAROS- Barometric Pressure Cảm biến máy đo áp suất

BCD Sensor-BCD

1114 Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
BAS Brake Assist System Bộ trợ lực phanh

BHP Brake Horsepower Áp lực phanh

BET Basic Emission Test Kiểm tra khí thải cơ bản

C
C/C Cruise Control Hệ thống đặt tốc độ cố định

C/L Central Locking Khoá vi sai

CACIS Continuous AC Ignition Hệ thống đánh lửa xoay chiều

System liên tục
CAC Charge Air Cooler Báo nạp ga máy lạnh

CAD Computer Aided Design Thiết kế nhờ máy tính

CAE Computer Aided Kỹ thuật với sự hỗ trợ của máy

Engineering tính
CAN Controller Area Network Hệ thống truyền dữ liệu điện tử

CAL Computer Aided Lighting Hệ thống chiếu sáng với sự hỗ

trợ của máy tính
CARB Carburetor Chế hòa khí

CAT/KAT Catalytic Converter Bộ lọc khí xả

CATS Computer Active Hệ thống treo điện tử tự động

Technology Suspension

CAFE Corporate Average Fuel Chỉ số tiêu thụ nhiên liệu

Economy

Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô 1115

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
CB Contact Breaker Vít lửa

CBR Controlled Burnt Rate Phương pháp kiểm soát quá trình
cháy
CCA Cold Cranking Amps Dòng khởi động nguội

CCU Central Control Unit Bộ điều khiển trung tâm

CCS Combustion Control Hệ thống kiểm soát quá trình

System cháy
CDI Capacitor Discharge Hệ thống đánh lửa bằng điện
Ignition dung
CFCs Chlorofluorocarbons Khí làm lạnh

CI Compression Ignition Sự cháy bằng cách nén

CIH Camshaft In Head Trục cam đặt trên nắp máy

CIS Continuous Injection Hệ thống phun xăng liên tục kiểu

System K-jetronic
CNG Compressed Natural Gas Khí nén thiên nhiên

CFI Continuous Fuel Injection Hệ thống phun nhiên liệu liên tục
System
CR Compression Ratio Tỉ số nén

CR Common Rail Hệ thống phun nhiên liệu trên

động cơ diesel

CRT Cathode Ray Tube Đèn chân không

CKP Crankshaft Position Vị trí trục khuỷu

CKPS Crankshaft Position Sensor Cảm biến vị trí trục khuỷu

CL Closed Loop Mạch khép kín

1116 Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
CMP Camshaft Position Vị trí trục cam

CMPS Camshaft Position Sensor Cảm biến trục cam

CPP Clutch Pedal Position Chuyển đổi vị trí bàn đạp ly hợp
switch Switch
CPS Crankshaft Position Cảm biến vị trí trục khuỷu
Sensor

CT Coolant Temperature Nhiệt độ nước làm mát

CTOX Continuous Trap Oxidizer Hệ thống lưu giữ ôxi liên tục
system System
CTP Closed Throttle Position Bướm ga đóng

CV Constant Velocity Khớp nối đồng tốc

CVT Continuously Variable Hộp số vô cấp

Transmission
CSA Cross-Sectional Area Diện tích tiết diện ban đầu

D
DC Direct Current Dòng điện một chiều

DDTI Diesel Direct Turbocharger Hệ thống bơm nhiên liệu diesel

Intelligence turbo trực tiếp thông minh
DFI Direct Fuel Injection Phun nhiên liệu trực tiếp

DFC Digital Frequency Control Phòng chẩn đoán hư hỏng

DIS Distributor Ignition Systems Hệ thống đánh lửa

DLC Data Link Connector Giắc cắm kết nối dữ liệu

DMI Direct Mixture Injection Phun hỗn hợp nhiên liệu trực
tiếp

Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô 1117

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
DMS Driver Monitoring System Hệ thống cảnh báo lái xe

DOHC Double Overhead Động cơ có cơ cấu cam kép

Camshafts
MOT Ministry of Transport Bộ Giao thông

DSG Direct Shift Gearbox Hộp số sang số tự động

DTC Diagnostic Trouble Code Mã hư hỏng

DTM I Diagnostic Test Mode I Kiểm tra xe dạng I

DTM II Diagnostic Test Mode II Kiểm tra xe dạng II

DSP Digital Signal Processing Xử lý tín hiệu số

E
EAC Electronic Air Control Valve Van điều khiển tốc độ cầm chừng
bằng điện tử
EEF Early Fuel Evaporation Hệ thống bốc hơi nhiên liệu

E/W Electric Windowns Hệ thống cửa điện

EAB Electronic Anti-Lock Hệ thống chống bó cứng phanh

Braking điện tử
EBD Electronic Brakeforce Hệ thống phân bố lực phanh
Distribution điện tử
EC Engine Control Điều khiển động cơ

ECI Electrically Controlled Phun nhiên liệu bằng điện tử

Injection
ECM Engine Control Module Hộp điều khiển động cơ (hộp
đen)

1118 Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
ECT Engine Coolant Nhiệt độ nước làm mát động cơ
Temperature
ECTS Engine Coolant Cảm biến nhiệt độ nước mát
Temperature Sensor động cơ
ECU Engine Control Unit Hộp điều kiển động cơ (hộp đen)

ECS Electronically Controlled Hệ thống treo điều khiển bằng

Suspension điện tử
EDC Electronic Diesel Control Hệ thống điều khiển điện tử động
cơ diesel
EDC Electronic Damper Control Hệ thống điều chỉnh giảm âm
điện tử
EDM Electric Door Mirrors Hệ thống gương điện

EEPROM Electrically Erasable Bộ nhớ được lập trình có thể xóa

Programmable Read-Only được
Memory
EGO Exhaust Gas Oxygen Khí thải oxy

EPA Environmental Protection Cục Bảo vệ Môi trường (Hoa Kỳ)

Agency
EFEs Evaporative Fuel Làm bay hơi nhiên liệu phát thải
Emissions
EFI Electronic Fuel Injection Hệ thống phun xăng điện tử

EEC Electronic Engine Control Điều khiển động cơ bằng điện tử

EIA Electronic Industries Hiệp hội công nghiệp điện tử

Association
EFE Early Fuel Evaporation Hệ thống bốc hơi nhiên liệu sớm
System System
EGR Exhaust Gas Recirculation Van luân hồi khí xả

EGRV Exhaust Gas Recirculation Van tuần hoàn khí xả

Valve

Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô 1119

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
EHB Electro-Hydraulic Brake Hệ thống phanh thủy lực điện tử

EHC Electronic Height Control Kiểm soát chiều cao xe bằng điện
tử
EI Electronic Ignition Đánh lửa điện tử

EIN Engine Indentification Số sê-ri động cơ

Number
EM Engine Modification Các tiêu chuẩn của động cơ

EMC Electromagnetic Tính tương thích điện tử

Compatibility
EMF Electromotive Force Lực điện động

EMS Environmental Hệ thống kiểm soát khí thải

Management System
EMSA Electronically Modulated Hệ thống treo khí điều khiển điện tử
Air Suspension
EOC End Of Conversion Chuyển đổi

EPS Engine Position Sensors Cảm biến vị trí động cơ

ES Electric Sunroof Cửa nóc điền khiển bằng điện

ESA Emergency Steering Assist Hỗ trợ đánh lái khẩn cấp

ESC Electronic Spark Control Điều khiển đánh lửa sớm bằng
điện tử
ESP Electronic Stability Hệ thống cân bằng xe tự động
Programme điện tử
EST Electronic Spark Timing Điều khiển thời điểm đánh lửa
bằng điện tử
EV Electronic Vehicle Xe điện

EVC Exhaust Valve Closes Dấu supap xả đóng

1120 Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
EVO Exhaust Valve Opens Dấu supap xả mở

ESV Experimental Safety Xe thử nghiệm an toàn

Vehicle
ETS Electronic Traction System Hệ thống điều khiển lực kéo
điện tử
ETC Electronic Traction Control Điều khiển chống trượt bằng
điện tử
ETCS-i Electronic Throttle Control Hệ thống điều khiển bướm ga
System-intelligent điện tử
ESB Electronic Service Bay Phần mềm quản lý dịch vụ khách
hàng
EVAP Evaporative Emission Hệ thống kiểm soát sự bốc hơi
system Control System nhiên liệu
EW Electronic Window Cửa sổ điện

F
FCI Fuel Consumption Indicator Đồng hồ báo mức tiêu hao nhiên
liệu
FE Finite Element Giải tích phần tử hữu hạn

FEI Fully Electronic Ignition Sự điều khiển đánh lửa hoàn

toàn bằng điện
FUE Full Load Enrichment Sự làm giàu hòa khí khi đầy tải

FTP Federal Test Procedure Quy định kiểm tra khí thải của Mỹ

FISA Federation Internationale Hiệp hội Ô tô Thể thao Quốc tế

du Sport Automobile
FIB Feedback Carburetor Bộ chế hòa khí có cơ cấu điều
chỉnh hỗn hợp theo chu trình kín
bằng tín hiệu phản hồi

Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô 1121

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Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
FM Frequency Modulation Sóng FM

FFS Flexible Fuel Sensor Cảm biến phân phối nhiên liệu
linh hoạt
FSC Function System Hệ thống kết nối chức năng
Connection
FFSR Factory Fitted Sunroof Cửa nóc do nhà chế tạo thiết kế

G
GDL Gas Discharge Headlamps Đèn pha khí xả

GDI Gasoline Direct Injection Động cơ phun xăng trực tiếp

GPS Global Positioning System Hệ thống định vị toàn cầu

H
H2ICE Hydrogen Internal Động cơ đốt trong sử dụng khí
Combustion Engine hydro

HCCI Homogeneous Charge Cháy đồng đều do nén

Compression Ignition
HEGO Heated Exhaust Gas Cảm biến khí thải oxy có dây
Oxygen rung

HWW Headlamp Wash/Wipe Hệ thống làm sạch đèn pha.

HO2S Heated Oxygen Sensor Cảm biến oxy

HPDI High Pressure Direct Phun nhiên liệu trực tiếp với áp
Injection suất cao
HT Hardtop Xe có mui cứng

1122 Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
HT High Tension Dây cao áp

HUD Head-Up Display Màn hình hiển thị trên kính lái

I
IAC Idle Air Control System Hệ thống nạp không khí chế độ
System không tải
IACV Idle Air Control Valve – Idle Van điều khiển không khí chế độ
Up Control Solenoid Valve không tải
IACV-air Idle Air Control Valve-air Hệ thống điều khiển tuần hoàn
regulator regulator khí không tải
IATS Intake Air Temperature Cảm biến nhiệt độ không khí vào
Sensor
IC Integrated Circuit Mạch tích hợp

ICE In-Car Entertainment Hệ thống giải trí trong xe

ICM Ignition Control Module Mô-đun điều khiển đánh lửa

IFI Indirect Fuel Injection Hệ thống phun nhiên liệu gián

tiếp
INSP Inspect Kiểm tra

IOE Intake Over Exhaust Van nạp nằm phía trên van xả

IP Instruction Pointer Con trỏ chỉ đến lệnh kế tiếp sẽ

thực hiện
ISC Idle Speed Control System Hệ thống điều khiển tốc độ
System không tải
ISC-FI Idle Speed Control – FI pot Điều khiển tốc độ không tải
pot
ISO International Organization Tổ chức Tiêu chuẩn hóa Quốc tế
for Standardization
ISG Integrated Starter Công nghệ phun xăng trực tiếp
Generator

Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô 1123

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt

L
LCD Liquid Crystal Display Hiển thị tinh thể lỏng

LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas Khí hoá lỏng

LSD Limited Slip Differential Vi sai có chống trượt

LVTD Linear Variable Differential Máy phát vi sai biến đổi tuyến
Transformer tính
LWB Long Wheelbase Khoảng cách giữa hai trục bánh xe

M
M Modified Hoán cải

MAFS Mass Air Flow Sensor Cảm biến đo khối lượng khí nạp

MAP Manifold Absolute Pressure Áp suất tuyệt đối của đường ống
góp
MAPS Manifold Absolute Pressure Cảm biến áp suất tuyệt đối tại cổ
Sensor góp hút
MBC Model Based Control Điều khiển dựa trên mô hình

MC Mixture Control Solenoid

Solenoid Valve Van điều khiển trộn gió
Valve
MDP Manifold Differential Áp suất biến thiên tại cổ góp hút
Pressure
MDPS Manifold Differential Cảm biến áp suất biến thiên tại
Pressure Sensor cổ góp hút
MDS Multi-Displacement System Hệ thống dung tích xi lanh biến
thiên, cho phép động cơ vận
hành với 2,4,6…xi lanh tuỳ theo
tải trọng và tốc độ xe

1124 Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
MEP Mean Effective Pressure Áp suất hiệu dụng trung bình

MMF Magneto-Motive Force Lực sinh ra thông lượng trong

mạch từ
MP Multi-Point Nhiều tiêu điểm

MJ Megajoule Đơn vị đo năng lượng theo hệ SI

MIL Malfunction Indicator Lamp Đèn báo lỗi

MIG Metal Inert Gas Khí trơ

MPI Multi-Point Injection Phun đa điểm

MON Motor Octane Number Chỉ số octan động cơ

MPA Multi-Protocol Adapter Bộ truyền dẫn dữ liệu đa mạng

MPG Miles Per Gallon Số dặm đi được của 1 gallon

xăng
SI Medium-Scale Integration Sự tích hợp cỡ trung bình

MST Manifold Surface Nhiệt độ đường ống góp

Temperature
MSTS Manifold Surface Cảm biến nhiệt độ đường ống
Temperature Sensor nạp
MSTS Microprocessor Spark Hệ thống điều khiển thời điểm
Timing System đánh lửa bằng vi xử lý
MVZ Manifold Vacuum Zone Khoang chân không đường ống
góp
MV Manual Valve Van điều khiển bằng tay ( hộp số
tự động)
MVZS Manifold Vacuum Zone Cảm biến chân không đường ống
Sensor nạp
MY Model Year Năm ra mẫu xe mới

Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô 1125

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt

N
NCM NOx Control Module Bộ kiểm soát khí NOx

NCS Noise Cancellation System Hệ thống khử tiếng ồn

NDT Non-Destructive Testing Kiểm tra không phá hủy

NDIR Non-Dispersive Infrared Không phân tán tia hồng ngoại

NOS New Old Stock Phụ tùng mới cho các dòng xe cũ
hết sản xuất
NOX Nitrogen Oxides Khí nitơ oxit

NPS Neutral Position Switch Công tắc trung tâm

NIMH Nickel-Metal Hydride Pin niken hiđrua

Battery Battery
NTC Negative Temperature Hệ số nhiệt điện trở âm
Coefficient

O
O2S Oxygen Sensor Cảm biến oxy

OBD On-Board Diagnostic Hệ thống kiểm tra trên xe

System System
OC Oxidation Catalyst Bộ lọc than hoạt tính oxy

OC Oxidation Catalyst Hệ thống chuyển đổi bộ lọc oxy

system Converter System
OCR Operation Code Register Mã đăng ký hoạt động

OD Overdrive Số cao nhất trong hộp số tự động

OE Original Equipment Thiết bị chính hãng

1126 Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
OHC Overhead Camshaft Trục cam nằm trên nắp máy

OHV Overhead Valve Engine Động cơ có supap trên nắp máy

Engine
OPG Oil Pressure Gauge Dụng cụ đo áp suất dầu

OPUS Oscillating Pick-Up Ignition Hệ thống dánh lửa cảm biến điện
System từ
OHV Overhead Valves Trục cam nằm dưới và tác động
vào van qua các tay đòn
On Octane Number Chỉ số octan

OL Open Loop Mạch mở (hở)

P
PA Power Assisted Trợ lực

PAIR Pulsed Secondary Air Hệ thống dùng rung động khí thải
System Injection System để nạp vào đường thải
PAIR Pulsed Secondary Air Van dùng rung động khí thải để
Valve Injection Valve nạp vào đường thải
PATS Passive Anti-Theft Hệ thống chống trộm thụ động
System
PAS Power Assisted Steering Hệ thống lái có trợ lực

PB Power Brakes Trợ lực phanh

PCD Pitch Circle Diameter
PCI Programme Comparison
And Identification
PCM Powertrain Control Module
Đường kính vòng tròn tâm các
đai ốc bánh xe
Chương trình so sánh và nhận
dạng tín hiệu sóng radio
Hộp điều khiển hệ thống truyền
động

Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô 1127

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
PCV Positive Crankase Thông khí hộp các-te
Ventilation
PDA Personal Digital Assistant Thiết bị kỹ thuật số hỗ trợ cá
nhân
PDI Pre – Delivery Inspection Kiểm tra xe mới trước khi bàn
giao xe
PDS Pre – Delivery Service Kiểm tra xe bảo dưỡng

PEM Proton Exchange Màng trao đổi proton

Membrane
PES Poly-Ellipsoid Headlight Hệ thống đèn pha Poly-elip
System
PL Parking Lock Cơ cấu khóa ở tay số đậu

Proportional Integral Thuật toán PID

PID Derivative
PM Particulate Matter Than đóng lại trên pô

PPM Part Per Million Một phần triệu

PPE Personal Protective Thiết bị bảo vệ cá nhân

Equipment
PNP Park/Neutral Position Công tắc đèn đỗ xe trung tâm
Switch Switch
PFI Port Fuel Injection Phun xăng đa điểm

PR Ply Rating Phân loại khả năng chịu tải của

vỏ xe
PVA Port Vacuum Advance Đánh lửa sớm áp thấp nhờ lỗ
trên bộ chế hòa khí
PTO Power Take Off Bộ truyền lực cho các thiết bị phụ
quay puly trục khuỷu
PTOX Periodic Trap Oxidizer
Hệ thống giữ oxy
System System
PW Power Window Cửa kính điều khiển bằng điện

1128 Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt

R
R Reverse Tay số lùi

RAM Random Access Memory Bộ nhớ truy xuất ngẫu nhiên

RC Radio Cassette Ngăn chứa radio cassette

RC Reserve Capacity Dung lượng dự trữ

RDS Radio Data System Hệ thống số liệu vô tuyến

RES Resume Preset Cruising Nút nhấn để quay lại tốc độ đã

Speed được chạy (ga tự động)
RHD Right-Hand Drive Xe tay lái nghịch

RON Research Octance Number Chỉ số octan nghiên cứu

ROM Read Only Memory Bộ nhớ cho phép chỉ đọc

RPM Engine Speed (Revolution Tốc độ vòng tua động cơ

Per Minute)
RPV Residual Pressure Valve Van áp suất dư

RKE Remote Keyless Entry Bộ điều khiển từ xa không dùng

chìa khóa
RWD Rear Wheel Driver Truyền động bánh sau

RV Recreational Vehicle Xe phục vụ cho nhu cầu giải trí,

thư giãn

S
SAE Society of Automotive Hiệp hội Kỹ sư Ô tô Hoa Kỳ
Engineers

Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô 1129

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
SBC Sensotronic Brake Control Hệ thống phanh điều khiển điện
tử của Mercedes-Benz
SBS Seat Integrated Belt Hệ thống tích hợp ghế với dây
System đai an toàn
SC Supercharger Bơm tăng nạp

SCB Supercharger Bypass Bơm tăng nạp vòng

SCR Selective Catalytic Hệ thống chọn lọc giảm chất xúc

Reduction tác
SCC Safety Compliance Nhãn chứng nhận an toàn
Certification
SCC Spark Control Computer Máy tính điều khiển hệ thống
đánh lửa
SFI Sequential Fuel Injection Hệ thống phun nhiên liệu tuần tự
System System ( độc lập từng kim)
SFC Specific Fuel Consumption Mức tiêu hao nhiên liệu riêng

SI Spark Ignition Sự đánh lửa bằng tia lửa

SID Side Impact Dummy Người nộm để kiểm tra sự va

chạm bên hông
SMG Sequential Manual Hộp số cơ
Gearbox
SMMT Society of Motor Hiệp hội những Nhà sản xuất và
Manufacturers and Traders Kinh doanh Ô tô
SOHC Single Overhead Trục cam đơn trên đầu xi-lanh
Camshafts
SP Stack pointer Con trỏ ngăn xếp

SPL Smoke Puff Limiter System Hệ thống hạn chế khói xả

System
SPI Single Point Injection Phun đơn điểm

SRI Service Reminder Indicator Đèn báo bảo dưỡng

1130 Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
SRT System Readiness Test Đèn báo hệ thống sẵn sàng

SRS Supplementary Restraint Túi khí

System
SRS Safety Restraint System Hệ thống an toàn chủ động

ST Scan Tool Dụng cụ quét hình ảnh

SS Stainless Steel Thép không gỉ

STV Suction Throttling Valve Van ở ngõ ra giàn lạnh( kiểm soát
áp lực và nhiên liệu)
SSC Stress Corrosion Cracking Nứt do ứng suất ăn mòn

SUV Sport Utility Vehicle Kiểu xe thể thao đa chức năng,

hầu hết được thiết kế chủ động
bốn bánh và có thể vượt những
địa hình xấu
SV Side Valves Sơ đồ thiết kế van nghiêng bên
sườn

T
TAC Thermostatic Air Cleaner Bầu lọc gió có bộ điều khiển nhiệt
độ khí nạp
TAR Temporary Address Địa chỉ đăng ký tạm thời
Register
TB Throttle Body Bướm ga

TBI Throttle Body Fuel Injection Hệ thống bướm ga phun nhiên

System System liệu
TC Torque Converter Bộ biến mô

TCC Torque Converter (Lock-Up) Ly hợp khóa biến mô

Clutch
TCCS Toyota Computer Control Hệ thống điều khiển bằng máy
System tính của Toyota

Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô 1131

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
TCM Transmission Control Hộp điện tử điều khiển hộp số tự
Module động
TDC Top Dead Center Sensor Cảm biến điểm chết trên
Sensor
TDI Turbocharged Direct Động cơ diesel phun nhiên liêu
Injection trực tiếp
TDR Temporary Data Register Dữ liệu đăng ký tạm thời

TEMS Toyota Electronically Hệ thống treo điều khiển bằng

Modulated Suspension điện tử của Toyota
TP Throttle Position Vị trí bướm ga

TPS Throttle Position Sensor Cảm biến vị trí bướm ga

TH Total Hydrocarbon Tổng lượng hydrocacbon

TI Transistorized Ignition Hệ thống đánh lửa điện cảm

System System
TI-B Breaker Triggered Hệ thống đánh lửa bán dẫn có vít
System Transistorized Ignition điều khiển
System
TI-H Transistorized Ignition with Hệ thống đánh lửa bán dẫn với
System Hall Generator System cảm biến Hall
TI-I Transistorized Ignition with Hệ thống đánh lửa bán dẫn có
Inductive Pick-Up cảm biến điện từ
TVS Thermal Vacuum Switch Công tắc nhiệt – chân không

TRC Traction Control Điều khiển lực kéo

TMC Toyota Motor Corporation Tập đoàn Toyota Nhật Bản

TVV Thermal Vacuum Valve Van nhiệt - chân không

TSA Toyota Service Advisor Chương trình đào tạo cố vấn dịch
vụ
TSC Tumble Swirl Control Van điều khiển tạo xoáy dòng khí
nạp

1132 Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
TSS Tyre Safety System Hệ thống lốp an toàn

TWC Three-Way Catalysts Chất xúc tác ba tác dụng

TWI Tread Wear Indicators Chỉ số độ mòn ren

U
UDC Upper Dead Center Điểm chết trên

ULEV Ultra Low Emission Vehicle Tiêu chuẩn của xe có khí thải cực
thấp
UJ Universal Joint Khớp nối các đăng

V
VBRA Vehicle Builders and Hội những người chế tạo và sửa
Repairers Association chữa xe
VECI Vehicle Emission Control Nhãn chứng nhận kiểm tra khí
Information thải xe
VLSI Very Large Scale Sự tích hợp cỡ rất cao
Integration

VI Viscosity Index Chỉ số độ nhớt

VIN Vehicle Identification Số khung

Number
VPM Variable Pulse Width Biến đổi chiều rộng của xung
Modulation
VTEC Variable Valve Timing Hệ thống điều khiển supap bằng
System and Lift Electronic Control điện tử của Honda
System
VV Variable Venturi Bộ chế hòa khí có họng khuếch
arburettor Carburettor tán thay đổi

Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô 1133

 Từ viết
Từ tiếng Anh Nghĩa tiếng Việt
tắt
VVT-i Variable Valve Timing with Hệ thống điều khiển phân phối
intelligence khí của Toyota
VRV Vacuum Reducer Valve Van giảm áp

Z
ZEV Zero Emission Vehicle Dòng xe không phát thải (chạy
hoàn toàn bằng điện)
ZEBRA Zero Emission Battery Hoạt động nghiên cứu pin phát
Research Activity thải

Number
2WS Two-Wheel Steering Điều khiển được hai bánh

3GR Third Gear Số thứ ba

4EAT Four Speed Electronic Hộp số tự động bốn tốc độ

Automatic Transmission
4WAL Four-Wheel Antilock Chống hãm cứng bốn bánh

4WAS Four-Wheel Air Suspension Hệ thống treo đệm khí bốn bánh

4WD Four-Wheel Drive Truyền động bốn bánh

1134 Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô

 TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO

TIẾNG VIỆT
[1] TS. Đỗ Văn Dũng, Trang bị điện và điện tử ô tô hiện đại, ĐHSPKT
TPHCM. 1997.

[2] PGS.TS Đỗ Văn Dũng, Giáo trình hệ thống điện động cơ, ĐHSPKT
TPHCM, 2002.

[3] GVC.Ths. Nguyễn Tấn Quốc. Giáo trình môn Kết cấu tính toán động
cơ đốt trong. ĐHSPKT TPHCM, 2001.

[4] Nguyễn Hạnh, Nguyễn Hải Linh, Từ điển kỹ thuật tổng hợp Anh-Việt,
NXB Thanh Niên, 2000.

[5] Phan Văn Đáo, Quang Hùng, Trần Thế San, Nguyễn Thị Tuyết, Từ
điển Anh - Việt kỹ thuật cơ khí, NXB Tổng hợp Đồng Nai, 1999.

TIẾNG ANH
[1] Peter Collin Publishing. English, Chinese Bilingual Dictionary of Auto-
mobile Engineering, Beijing, 2002.

[2] Harper Collins, Automotive steering, suspension, & wheel alignment,

1999.

Từ viết tắt chuyên ngành ô tô 1135

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