Aircraft Propulsion (AN F312)

Lecture 2
Dr. Sayan Das
BITS Pilani
Pilani Campus Campus
Hyderabad Department of Mechanical Engineering
A typical Turbo Jet Engine

Pure Turbojet Engine with an afterburner

Junkers Jumo 004 – axial compressor J85-GE-17A turbojet engine from General Electric (1970) 2
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Ideal Gas Turbine Cycle: Brayton Cycle

Carnot Cycle

Closed Brayton Cycle

Open Brayton Cycle Ideal Brayton Cycle

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Aircraft Engines: Classification
Aircraft Engines

Air Breathing Engines Non-Air Breathing Engines

Reciprocating Engines Jet Propulsion Engines

Scramjet Ramjet Pulsejet Gas Turbine Turboramjet Turbo-rocket

Subsonic

Supersonic

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Ramjet

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Pulsejet

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Turboramjet

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Reciprocating Piston Engines

1. Amongst the first engines that flew (Wright Brothers).

2. Initially water-cooled engines were used – high weight and drag.

3. Later on replaced by air cooled engines – also did not perform well.

4. For the same power output, piston engines were too heavy.

5. So high altitude, fuel efficiency and high-speed performance were low.

6. Continuous ignition system consumed too much fuel and power.

Rolls-Royce Griffon 58

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The Thrust Equation
𝑚ሶ 𝑓
𝐶𝑉 The thrust equation is:

Thrust, 𝑇 = 𝑚ሶ 𝑎 1 + 𝑓 𝑢𝑒 − 𝑈 + 𝑝𝑒 − 𝑝𝑎 𝐴𝑒
𝑈, 𝑝𝑎 where 𝒇 = 𝑚ሶ 𝑓 /𝑚ሶ 𝑎

𝐴
𝑚ሶ 𝑎
𝑝𝑒 𝑝𝑎
𝐴𝑖 𝐴𝑒
𝑦
𝑢𝑒 , 𝑚ሶ 𝑒 , 𝑝𝑎
when 𝑚ሶ 𝑓 ≪ 𝑚ሶ 𝑎

Thrust, 𝑇 ≈ 𝑚ሶ 𝑎 𝑢𝑒 − 𝑈 + 𝑝𝑒 − 𝑝𝑎 𝐴𝑒
𝑥 𝑚ሶ 𝑠
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Thank You

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus