Lao for Beginners Benjawan Poomsan Becker (ciueiy yumoay ctnets) waa1Lao for Beginners ‘Copyright ©2008 by Paiboon Publishing rinGulaguy Printed in Taiand All rights reserved Paton Pema Pbliirg 582 Ariianinate Vilage 2 Pritooa Pbishing PMB 256 14424 Wala Sse ‘Soksapn Read 1, Regan Bete, Calfoaua USA $3709 Banglok 10330 2 rsiossK 76 THAILAND. Fax banat = asia ail tonts@patoonpabitngcom Fas 2519507 sw paoompsbising com turnin Se putnam! © qwokinn toni Tne 6625195197 Eni ones pasoonpebiking com vowpubonpnbiig com ‘Cover and graphic design by Randy Kincaid ‘Cover picture: Laotian woman in fomt of That Luang Edited by Oun Kbarnvanhthong, Kamontip Topanya and Craig Becker ‘Voice Talent Craig Becker, Buasewan Simmala, Johnathon Jamison, ‘Saikham Jamison, Oun Khan:vanhhong and Bouaphet Sygaavong ISBN 1.97521.283, Pree by Chulabagm Unrest Pating Hoste aly, 206 [4909-1061 5002), ‘Te, 221023557, 022182563 022153612 epi ape cl eh Introduction Lao for Beginners is designed both for people who are just starting to study the Lao language for the first time and for those ‘who want fo improve their basi Lao. It teaches all four basic lan suage skill—speaking, listening («hen used withthe audio), ead ing and writing The first part of ezch lesson teaches vocabulary and sentence structure and includes a vocabulary list with Lao spelling, transliteration and definitions in English The transliteration system assists you with pronunciation while you ere Iearning the Lao alphebet. It's important that you leam to propeely pronounce the tones and sounds of Lao. Although ao for Beginners is writen with selstudy in mind as well as classroom use, a Lao teacher or tutor should listen to and correct your pronunciation, especialy atthe beginning We encourage beginning tents of Tot lear the apha- bet. Even though conversation may be your principal goal, the Lao alphabet is almost 100% phonetic and studying it will inforce speaking and listening sills as well as reading and writing. Wean yourself off of transliteration as soon as possible. You won't rearet te extra effort spent learning the Lao wnting system, ‘The second part of each lesson teaches basic reading and uniting of the Lao language. Ik provides a guided step by step introduction to the consonants, vowels, tone rules, ae other fas tutes ofthe writen language Wiritten Lao uses no spaces between wows. In this text, howevec, we usually separate the words witha space to help you ‘et stated reading the Lao script more quickly. ‘The appendix features a section with useful words and phrases that you can use as @ quick reference to start using some Lao right away with minimal efor. (Characteristics of the Lao language different from English include:There are no variant or plural forms for adjectives and. nouns. * Adjectives follow the noun Tn Lao we say “car white” (lot sii kaiao) instead of “white car” ‘© There are no verb conjugations in Lao. We understand teases from the context or from adverbs of time. * Thete are no anicles (a, an, the). * There is no verb ‘to be’ with adjectives. "You're beautiful” would be “You beautiful” ja0 ngiam). * There are ending particles that imply the needs and feelings of the speaker * Classifiers are used with virally all nouns * Lao usually omits the subject of a sentence when itis ‘understood from the context. * Lao isa tonal language. Ifthe tone is not correc, you won't be easily understood, even if your pronunciation is otherwise perfect. * Lao is almost 100% phonetic. There arc only a very few ‘words that are pronounced slighty different from the way they ate written, ‘You can use this book in combination with our Lao- English, English-Lao Dictionary for Non-Lao Speakers to expand Yyour vocabulary and language usage. ‘We hope you enjay this language course and are certain you will find it fun and worthwhile to communicate withthe friendly Lao people in their own language. ‘Transliteration Different Lao books and dictionaries use different transliteration systems. Many of them afe oriented towards speakers of French wate not as helpful to English speakers. Every attempt was ‘made to Keep the transliteration ia this book consistemt, accurate tnd simple for English speakers. We use the standard intemation- al phonetic alphabet for tones and other sounds ot normally rep resented in written English. ‘ousilltind ay wot rs an aay rng ex Bey ave tansiteate, In colloquial speech people speak fas. io sounds and words, change some consonants (ef some people change “hoong:hian® to™ioongclian’- school). vowels, vowel ing (ein to hn” fone) and oes” Al there ae ‘eplonal spoech differences. We ty to pick the pronunciation tha ‘Sinont widely and commonly wed = Five Tones vs Six Tones Some linguists have identified six tones in the Lao language and ‘thers say there are five. According to the Lao high schoo) text books published by the Ministry of Education of Laos, thee are six tones in the northern dialect and five tones in the central and south Gan tegons. The people tbe north ed to speak more slowly and Exceptions Written Lao, especially as now standardized by the Lao govem- ‘ent, is very phonetic: Nevertheless, some words are most com monly proneuncd diferent iron the way ey show he acco ing to the rules of written Lao. “This is especially tue of malt lie words in whieh tones and sounds ean got dropped or changed in normal speech. ‘When there is a difference between the Wa a ‘word is writen and the way itis spoken, we Uy to tansliterate it ‘according to the way itis most commonly spoken. Far exam the word “post office” is tnsliterated 28 "pal-Si- ‘pales ofChanges in Tones Even though Lao is tonal and each syllable has is own tone, 0 tends to change tones in many citeamstances, Fis, the tones of certain words can change according to where they are placed ina sentence For example people io the Vientiane area Would ‘Shange 4 middle sonsonant word trom How tone wo rising tne whe i placed atthe end of «sentence or when it stands by sel (ike When sou Fear it sad onthe audio). There is no change intone when its placed in the middle of a sentence. eg sa-baai di = I'm well Secondly, you may hear different tones forthe same word in diferent regions. People in the north speak more slowly and tend do draw out dx, For example the word any” will sound more like fling tone Thirdly, people have different levels of tone or ‘This cocurs in all languages but may be mere noiceabe in Lao. ‘Keep «his io mind when you bear indivkads pronounce words ina hon-sta ‘ard way, Finally, Lao has many ending particles. We do not explain the wsage of all the particles inthis book for beginners. Many cading particles are ‘ised fo emphasize the needs and felings of the speaker. ‘They tend (0 ‘hangs tones according tothe naaaces ofthe speaker's message. ‘You will hear diffrent voices on our audio, The Lao speakers are frm three regions of Las. The tno Ferale voices ae from Viealane, one ime speater is from the rth and one Tom he south, Laois forgiving language when comes to tones end pronunciation. Formal. snc there sso much indie end rezional variation, rove are sccustomed to hearing wows prunes in lleen ways eat wll probably be uncrtod inspite ofsraperect lores an vowel length funn at yo ae 04 (0 fof a don sue Tike Sou ane saving something tly eifere Table of Contents Guide to Pronunciation Lesson 1 greetings: yes-no questions: personal pronouns; cardinal and ordinal numbers; the Lao writing system; consonant classes; determining tones in written Lao; ‘middle consonants; long vowels; tone marks Lesson? ‘pen’, ‘yuu (Co be); more vowels; live and dead syllables; tone rules for mide consonants Lesson 3 colors; “a (future tense); “dai (ean); more vowels; complex vowels; final consonants; Ten vowels that change their forms: tone mules for middle consonants (cont) Lesson 4 telling time; high consonants; tone rules for high consonants high consonants; low consonants introduced 9 9 61 7Lesson 6 “fot, ‘ydak’ Co want; ‘gamlang" (wo be .. ing); ne les foe low consonants Lesson 7 like er in teacher bang - 0 look without the “sound a> like g but longer © like gin nae oo like gin go 2 like ain eaughe 99° like ave in law2 Complex Vowels The following a0 _mao - drunk ia Bia beer va bia ead aria boat ot ddoi- by ui kui fue 0 leo-w fight {Gu Pronunciation ipthongs are combinations of the above vowels sii - sand ago - white niao - sticky wai rich ‘mai - tired soi litle sei - ever ‘hungry heeo cliff leo - already Short and Long Yowels Compared Short Vowel Kio. (6) fn Cy yang (i) Kin (94) sii ty mai (lab) nai ty io (35) jak Oe) horn yet gratitude clear burn ‘machine Long Vowel kao (e*0) white jan ctu) plate nyiang (09) rubber oil kun qu) to multiply sai ow) line mai (tiru) widower jai (ru) master hiao (era) t yawn fiak (on) from Loe fe Bognnare 8 ‘Tone Marks Because Lao is @ tonal language, its pronunciation presents new challenges for English speakers. Ifthe tone is wrong, you will not be easily understood even if everything else is correct. Lao uses five tones (Some books say there are six). For example, to pro- nounce a rising tone your voice stats at a low pitch and goes up (anoch like asking a question in English). The phonetic transite ation inthis book uses tone marks over the vowvels to show the tone for each word. Note thatthe tone marks used for tapsliteration ane different from those used in Lao script ‘Tone Marks (Transliteration) Tone Tone Symbol Example rid None ‘maa ah low ; mia th falling if maa in high i mia n rising a Some books use this mark _ for the low tone, e.g. mag.” Guide to Pronunciation ‘Tones Have a native speaker pronounce each tone using sample words in the following pages. You listen to it try to say it and see if you can bear the tones comectly. Samples of the five tones Words with mid tone: yuu) tobe, 10 live bso iby no, not i) Four gai ha chicken mii (aby noodle ‘Words with low tone: hin ci) five kao (ae) rice, to enter paa (in) cloth yaak (isn) fo want kai (8) sickness Words with falling tone: siai (eo) tet gi west mi. this so morning fin Guy tongue person Lao Thai to study tice field rads with efsing tone ma (a) dog sung (gp) tall miu (a) Pig kiao (om) white siam (wu) three ‘Tones, Short-Long Vowels, Similar Consonants and Vowel Sounds When you are not understood, often you are saying the tone wrong However. the length of the vowel is also very important. Try to get ‘the vowel length comrect. This will help you to be understood bet- {er while you are stil learning to master the tones. Here are some examples of words with different tones and their meanings. mia {iy horse mia (un) tocome mia auny dog mai (ta) new mai (lay to bum mai (tu) mile mai dtm sill6 (ide to Promuniaon kano (2) news kao (ro) fy kizo (7) white kao nce kio tomer, rice iio animal horn, belshe ib four sli &® color Li 1 sia dy shit sia (Be) tiger greetings; yes-no questions; personal pronouns; car- ei ‘seat dinal and ordinal numbers; the Lao writing system; _ I consonant classes; determining tones in written Lai igs ap middle consonants; long vowels; tone marks ‘Comparison of Similar Sounds di) good aM) twhit bai (by, leaf pai Wd) z0 niu (BY) mouse ngiu (9) snake pit (ity spicy byt oy dack wang (olen) machine kang (383) half dior) vo guess deh pawn cv) floor pian (Cu) gumbot-tii nung kam.sip ke jaolpiak-jao en fare soba sbi sans fava bpensjangdai eg sabi serait iai ox Ku 0 go A Kiovjai bos ited kaojai ete boo Koji tebe tobe (something) what yes 1, not! ‘a question particlet fight? ‘also Understand? ( understand. (don't understand, 1. soci canbe wae ia grcting or lave taking a ny ‘mention it forge iyo e welcome et 3. Yu ay hear this word proncunced eter short r lng. oo if) is wed to form negative and used as a question parce ‘placed a heen of sentences to fora yes no questions eg di = god boo di = not good si boo = Isic good? Lao or Besloners ai Jaumpa ‘an Kamsai eta: Kamsai: ota: Si sue jim-bpita._jo si nyling, tot oan. ch & ip, ‘My name is Supa, What's your name? 131 suu jSon, yin tit dai pop gap jao. we 8 rey aa aU fi My name is John. Nice 1 meet you. vine kiu-gan, Gt Mu. Nice to meet you, too. Conversation 2 sa-baal-dii boo, wali i How are you? sa-baai di. léeo jao dée. winf. oko dh 0 T'mfine. How about you? KSI goo sacbiai di k3op-jai, tou A maw Neat T'malso fine. Thank you.ueloun 1. Ami meen bpm boo. cay ty Is this book? B: mesteléeo, sii meen bpm. caci 5 ma 0 Yes, this fa book. bpa-nyook 2. A: nan meen bpim-kian boo. Is that a notebook? BB: boo, nan boa meen bpum-kian, é, fu ov Dhogu. No, that is not a notebook. 3. Arn meen nyang. 4 A: amg ca ae Whats tis? Benn meen tng ty auf That is aba ‘meca moong lau bpaak-gaé wd au ly 9d unm Ts this a watch or pen? B: an-nan bpaak-gaa. Thats ape 5. A: kaovjai boo. Do you understand? Bio ‘Yes, (Lunderstand) ©: 99, b99 ko No, (don't understand). Lesson 1 Sentences 20 for Bogoners es 3B: boo bpén-nyang. bendy. That’ al ight, A: k3op-jai. sats, Thank you, B: boo bpén-nyang. uv ot [Note 1. A oto Lao people greet each other wth pin jung cit (How ist going?) instead of esing seria bn 2. The subject ofa sentence is cen omited whe underiod from the cmtent. 8. A jo satbiakdi bso, = sabia bo, (How ae you?) B: AS sacha. = sxbdsid, (Pm fine) 3. Laphas ao cet “yen" or no". We simply repeat the min verb or aujective sedi he guostion, eg. A: Kodi too, (Undentnd”) Beko i, (Understand) C9 oak (Not understand) Be careful oot use meen” fr "yes ad “bso meen” for" al the time, Use them primarily whoa the question is meen bo9”,Lesson 1 jam-nian %u0u Numbers sun ¥ nang my, Oy song sil hia ok et peer gio a Sips sip-sSong Sip-ssam baw i © wrod eratey sue erudite srudiae fete fins eet stihs (aha) Sue etou zo fe Besinners % 300 saiam-hSoi too 1,000 (cing) pin (Sy 2,000 sSong-pin sxciay 3,000 siam-pin ruiv 10,090 (ung) muan/ip-pan tg) shuts 100,000 (eng) seenMndoi-pain cy) sau/Seuthy 1,000,000, (ung) Kaan (ch) Bru 10,000,000 Sip Haan ing 100,000,000 (ing) hoi ian (ois) Saute 1,000,000,000 (og) pain lari (Evra 10,000,000,000 (ning) muun Kaan (ype 100,000,000,000 (ning) séen laan (at) wavdeu 1,000,000,000,000 (ning) lian Idian/gdot (2) audu/iro 3 ang jt sia 315 s5ong aap sdam suan haa J8t gim-ting song aegfurusouin CexPeigang + “RSS fe sometimes pronoinced “39° Notes Foren numbers, in fee of ceil ex tine dist) =e te ti Song (sz) = the secomt Ai sam (Fi) =the tid fi Sip Bu) the tnth‘Test 1 [Mach the ngs words with he Lao words, —— |. watch yang my — 2. book b bpiak-oaa trem 5 pen eit 4 this ani er ‘e.méong ty 6 aw finan tv 1. map ei bev 8 ame how é = 9. what i-to9 10. bag iv bpam Dy K. piensa Ligoo A “rants the following nt Eagish 1. jo sa-baai dii boo. on seruf t> 2. kaorjai boo. 3. sli meen nang-sin-pim meen boo. {i aun wigQdu salu be in? 4. jao saa ayang, hE $. an-rii meen péen-ti liu So-dam, Tub oun, cuntl 08 ache uolorBeame= Lesson 1 Reading & Writing 27 The Lao Writing System ‘Lao uses a alphabet of 26 consonants, 28 vowels four tone marks (only two commonly used) and various other symbols for punctuation, numbers, etc. Although there are irregular pronunci ations. Lao is generally phonetic. It is pronounced the way it is ‘writen. Tis even more phonetie than Thai, its relative. Leaming to read and write Lao from the beginning has many advantages. Duc t0 the fact that itis phonetic, you will be reinforcing your listening and speaking skills while learning to read ‘and write. In fact, most people find that ther pronunciation is more ‘curate when reading Lao seript. Unlike many transliteration sys- tems, it incorporates al the elements of pronuneiation— including tones and vowel length. ‘The longer you rely on transliteration, the more time you ‘waste reinforcing a writing system that willbe virtually useless in Leos, Furthermore, transliteration is a confusing hodgepodge with almost as many systems as there arc books about Laos. Put alittle extra effort into learning the alphabet now! Then you can use Lao script while studying conversation, reinforcing reading and writing sills that will be invaluable to you in Laos. Consonant Classes Lao consonants are divided into three classes— high, middle and low. Since is one of the ertical factors in determin- ing a syllable’s tone, you must know the consonant class in order ‘o correctly pronounce what you have read. ‘The names (high, middle and low) of the consonant classes ase completely arbitrary. For example, a low consonant may gen: ‘rate a high tone and a high consonant ean generate alow tone, eteLeson What Determines the Tone_ ‘Consonant class: whether the initial consonant is high, rmidalle 6 low. ‘Vowel length: whether short or long. ‘Tone Mark: whether or not there isa tone mark placed above the initial consonant ofa syllable (If the consonant has a superscript vowel, the one mark is placed above that vowel.) Final consonant: whether sonorant final or stop Final castor Bagman 2 Middle Consonants Sneunng (ak-sdon-gaang) There are cight “middle” consonants in Lao as follows: ‘Consonant Consonant Name Sound Nn NUN gio gai- chicken ‘af 9 FON da jbok -cup, gtass a 0 AGN dio dee -craa fay MM TIN aio dma-cxe at UU CU tas bee goat poy UU UT bao bpda - isn Jop/ U Ud) yao yaa - medicine yt 8 ale — soi0-bom {silerw/oason 1h L20 or Besinners ee » Practice Writing the Middle Consonants ‘All the middle consonants are written with one stroke start ing near the @. Notice that you always start with the small circle where there is one.2 Lesa | Vowels azmaz (sa-la) Lao has two kinds of vowels: short and ong. In this Jesson we ‘wll lam the following long vowels Every Lag syllable starts with a consonant (even ifthe consonant isa silent @) 7/1). Although the consonant sound comes first, the vowel may be written before, above, below, after or around the consonant depending on the vowel. In the examples below, the dash repre- ‘sents the place where the consonant should be waitten. Vowel Vonel Name Sound = sisi da ‘nal E saa fi 5 sili foul o— sila &e feel 1 sila do fool sii it ‘ai sii bo ‘ao 120 for Bagnrers ie Practice Writing the Following Vowels Use © /-/ as the consonant when practicing the following vowels. Always start with the small eitcle where there 8198 9 9 o 8 6 ¢ a a: ce te te tePy 10: Eo eG ce. 9 8 8 Lap forBoginners = Read The Following Aloud 1. 9 n en tn tn cha nn 4, ta ta Tancan on q cn ta ta ca 4. em tm in ofa uD oy cu tu Ww tin - ud yg cu tu Woda 7. 07 8 g ca te te coo Tone Marks (Lao Script) Lao has four tone marks. (The first two are more com- ‘monly used) When a tone mark is used, itis always placed above the initial consonant of the syllable. Ifthe consomant has a super= script vowel, the tone mark is placed above that vowel fone. ‘Name = mai éek (titer) mai 60 (Litn - mai di (LDF) ta-waa (Liane:J 20 fer Beginners ‘With middie consonant syllables, all five tones are possibl ‘and all four tone marks can be used. The high and rising tones 8. Bagge not seen very often : S pe 9. asia ‘Tone Mark Tone Name ‘Tone ‘Examples 10.04 ¢a ¢a = lang sia-mén mid 111 (gaa) 11.4 ta rote 12 seca None siang éek low (gaa) s s. &, : a i . 13. 6 oH Gn Siang too tating A. Goa u.g 9g 9 15. 6a) al 6a - Sang di igh 1171 (oan) 16 Meats ‘ : a a wi am a a get a Tyco veld to th 18. ¢fin ofa cin 19. cri cm of The Following Aloud a a 20.Un In eh 1mm , 22. cin fin cin 2.f fF A 23.tu Ww Wi 2 a a & 24. Ww : 1 oh 2s.W WwW Ww 5. tn tn th 26. ch cin ohh28 Writing Exercise 1 ‘Transcribe the following into Lao seript. 1. dia ni 2. gio 22 dao 2. 13 bo tu 18. bp 5 io 15. 9am 6, brio. 16, bi 7. guo 1 jaa 8 ii 18, do 9. ai 1 gil 10.bee ae eee fi Lesson 2 “bpén’, ‘yuu’ (to be); more vowels; live and dead syllables; tone rules for middle consonants20 for Boginnere bot-tii sdong kam-sap téorla-sip Yneedo tGorlactat tasBin wendiaa excien gin Shu satjacnia-nu-gim ary niup ip 9 fe fa fe dio Yee gioti dob ‘ng fi diag tawaany/waang gang aan/nircrrg ip boo dai OLA ming 2! “ Toll ge) Lesson 2 dniiy Vocabulary telephone television eyeglasses money dictionary picture paper table hair bedroom, bathroom house to be something to be somewhere (live, stay) to get take, want ‘under between and, with not town, city2 kon fu kén ao fw kon tai fukn én jin Bu kon nyii-bpun Et Kon aa-mée-ti-gia Rein én faclang Fug én gio-fit_ fusfioma Kin ang-git Fagin Kon-kiai-kuang fierwston Dpartéet cbs bpa-téet Kao/mang-téao, deren /eDogova bpa-iettimuang eecanin/eDoghn bbpa-téct fin tena’ bparidet yib-bpun uses bpa-téet aa-mée-li-gla sever dpactéet angi moctgyn pie-sda une pia-sia Kao wees a ing-git virgin person Laotian Thai Chinese Japanese ‘American! Frenchman Korean Englishman, vendor ‘country Laws Thailand China Japan America England language {Lao language English language at (over) here (over) there (over) there (further) where left ao fr Baginners ° kwiiakwaa 200 sight an-aii ih this one anna oui that one an-pin Biju that one further way) andi tito whieh one tao-dii_efnin how much? jak 7 how many? lip. fu kip eBniddmléa_cou/ra.ey dollar yen oby yen tak fin cheap véeng aig expensive nydak un difficult gaa jw cay lai ore very, many héofptiak hdo cée/uoreee wwe, us léaofpanava/stis he, she, him, her? ‘i-jaoypiak-kio clnn/ won they, them min iy it |. You ma se deen spelings ofthese words 2. You ws tio-di (vn) , which cans “how much", witha a tester when asking abou the quantity of uncounste nouns. But jak Co) which means “how many” mast be folowes ty aclasiter eg. 1 anit tno-di, = How machi this one? 2. ams jk lip. = How many hpi this one? Wo-dii bite) is ofen pronounce oii ey « 2: lo (be, she) is writen the sae sth won ia (Laan). po i edo refer someane win ler oF who he speaker has respect foe- Leeeon 2 Conversation 1 Buas K5i bp ken liao, jo bpén kon nyang. fe: Bough Bu ote. Oh du fy alg? Tm Lao. What nationality are you? ‘Tony: kai bpen Kén Aasmée-ti-gan. Bus: be ‘Where do you tive? ‘Tony: K3i yuu scen-di-ee-gio. tab ud one Live in San Diego. jao dee. ‘And you? Bua; k5i yuu wiang-jan, fo bu Yay. I ive in Vianetiane. Lao for Bageners s Jim: an-ait tao-dai, Bub cfiito How much is this one? Forty thousand kip, Jim: 60, péeng péot. we le ag ban Oh, that’s too expensive Ain-ndn de jak glip. Sulu nn for How much is that one? Konkisai: siam-sip pan giip, fuew: au ty fe. ‘Thiny thousand kip. Jim: boo péeng bpaan-dai. k5i ao ane bi. og Unwin. feu 6h ub de ‘Thav’s not so expensive, I take this one. Kooks: Kopf ait Suet eats arwg. ‘Thank you very much. Jim: xa bpd nyng, we & ay mp. You're welcome. *Ancnding prtisleLesson 2 Sentences Where isthe phone? B: tGo-la-sip yuu tng dio Yds oi lew. ‘The phone ison the table. igo yu sai. hy te ‘Where are you? 1: 3: yuu han, Fou Bev. Pmt home. G: WSng.nim yun eg ye? ‘Where isthe bathroom? Hi: hong-ném yuu tang sa fog Ym eu. “The hatheoomn is on the left 2: io bp nyo. wf alg? ‘What rtionality are you? B: 15 bpn kin da-mee aia. Sou aly Bu oui. Tam American, spon bpin kén nyiing cGy ou fu mie ‘What nationality is he? 20 lerBoginere ” D: pon bpm kon liao, thu dy fu ao, Heis Lao E: tan tia-nda-ga bpén kon ayang, ou omunne diy fu ody? ‘What nationality is Ms, Tanaka? Fan ben kin nya, sy ay fu By ‘She is Japanese 3 & anit tao-dai. Bub certo How much is this one? B: an-nii haa-sip-pan et iby fue ‘This one is $0,0000 kip. Cannan toda wie ditor How much is that one? D: 2,000 yeen, 2,000 ity ai 6 don Oa), 6 ceu(an) Wig toe suiy be Is the phone on the tabie? Brmeen-léeo, (Go-lasip you tng dtd. ano, tees yal be ‘Yes, the phone ison the table C: boa, \bo-a-sip bo> dt yuu tng do. Ynocio 5 My diy tne, 'No, the phone is not on the table“ . A: Kofi pin kin nyu i Kn oi Sih chy fu fy od fy cred. ‘Are they Japanese or Korean’? B: Kojo bpén Kn go-fi cen chu fy ctr ey ate Korean ‘A: jo bpen kin laao meen bso. Cody fue aw t © Are you La0? 1B: meen, 13 bpen kin Kao. eu Sou dy Be a, Yes, TmLae C: boo meen, k3i bpén kin ta. b oay Bud Bu tn. ‘No, I'm Thai A: pia-sia ldao nyaak boo. un mm vn oP Is Lao difficult? walk. ‘Yes. itfculd) Choo yaak. on. No. (Not siffew) A: pasa Kao gaa ue a0 Ju. Lag is easy B: pasa kao bo9_ geal. vin ao fu Lao is no easy. piesa angesit yd wn yh en. Enelish i difficult. Dz paa-sia ang-git boo yaake wn feb un, English is nor difficult 20for Bopeners ” i peng tu B ‘cup. “This one is expensive. B: nai boo peng. — wd 6 aay This on snot expensive 10, hyn yn waa ga dow do tegm leh dee The ro betwen le ad ha cai Nous 1 n° mean “ou andi paced info of pope's fist ‘utes ast names ores ter ape way 2 ‘oo iia negative form ke “nt in Engh, ad i ‘ued with verbs. Ialio means “cant (ee lesson 3) and ‘id noe lesson 7. 8: bpm hss i yu tig dt. = bi bao ya tng do. (The book sa on the table) oo mecn is anegatve fom ike "oo not’ ani od with nouns, eg: Kiba mena kin yi-bpun. (Um aot Japenese.) 4. Therein no exact 68! or no! in Lao, To anne yes" simply ‘repeat te verbo the adjective used 48 the guesion. To ansnr ‘no pu oo befire the aprropite word (Gee sentence aber 7Test? Match the Ensish wows wit tbe Lao words 1. chair a.toola-sap. Weis 2. table b.ctai th ___ 3. money ¢ Sodim kh 4 Laopeople di pon afi 5. Japanese ¢,kén ang-git_fubgfn 6 Englishman. péeng_ su es ting kon honydak inp —— 9 under i muang log 10. telephone jhing-ndon Fev 1, bedroom k.éto —_— 12.television I.kén léao fusva 13. he/she im. goat fl 14. expensive Angin i 15. aitient kin yi-bpun Sufi pind ty 4g, Wo-lastar Inosie tuk fin Lo fr Becimers 5 Translate the following into English 3. bso meen kén yi-bpun, wo ok fy, bm fu By, 3. an-ii tao-dal ou 8 citer 4. Bogen yuu si, 5. pia-séia ang-git myaak 1a uun fa inn vere,2 Lesson 2 Reading & Writing More Vowels ‘The vowels below include those from lesson one plus fi more. Each has a corresponding short vowel form. The differe between a short and long vowel is an important one—it can c a word’s meaning by itself. Also, the tone rules for short and I ‘vowels are different hon X Lote 2 a= AS te. 5.6-8 6.8-5 wz wis 8. 0-2 fy el c- Ce- L- fal Aid fou/ Reel feel Bol 90> Al C= pel 10. “98 fias =o hia 1. C=O fay C-U far 12. G=8 fia C=e a Practice Writing the Following Vowels Use @ /-/ as the consonant when practicing the following a 8 8 8 9 8 8 9 8 28 wo woC73. oe qagrg Ss cox 9 «68 8 cox 8 cco 8 8 8 Yee ven Ve c8e cde cou cau cde cde 0 0 0 0 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0ss Gor 9 80 9 9 Read The Following Aloud 8 col a wu we Va co cuu cde fio Laster Bognners = Live and Dead Syllables (anctlu-eanau) Every Lao syllable is pronounced with one of the five tones, whether it has a tone mark or not. When there is no tone mark, tone rules apply. In that case, the tone is determined by con- sonant class and whether the syllable i live or dead. Acsyllable that ends with a short vowel oa stop final con- sonant is called dead syllable. A syllable that ends with a Tong vowel or a sonoraat final consonant is called a live syllable For now, just consider the short and long vowels, since we ‘haven't introduced final consonants yetTone Rules for Middle Consonants Inthe absence ofa tone mark, the tone rules for middle sonants areas follows: Middle Consonant with Live Syllable = Low Tone Middle Consonant with Examples: ‘Middle Consonant + Long Yowel = Low Tone n+ -— U+t a+ 6-4 ‘sunt ned = ™) Gia) = W cma = 689 oy Meaning to take Lao forBesinnes Py Reading Exercise: Read the Following Words and Practice ‘Wt Them in Lao, 1. pcos 2. 09 heart 3.1 ge 4, CF to sere 5. 87 uncle 6. GEM stove 7. 00 toms 8. OGM comer 9. 0 yee 10. 4 enb 11. LO woogn 12. CU beer 13. 4 seen 14. bE boy Middle Consonant + Shon Vowel = Rising Tone Sound Pao Meuaing N+ 6-9 = CNA Gs) island qa = 32 ga will N+o8 = GME Ge) wo kicktise: Read the Following Words and Practice ‘Writing Them in Lao, 1. A wettcize 2. J capacity 3. Yo twpwinatining 4. CANE wan 5. UL twpuchlahy 6. DUNE cushion 7. GNENY — disonienty Writing Exercise 2 Lesson 3 ‘Transcribe the following into Lo script. Pass Pee colors; ‘ja’ (future tense); “dai (can); more ae 5; mei vowels; complex vowels; final consonants; 2 98 Wd, ten vowels that change their forms; tone rules for middle consonants (cont.) 3 bia 1. de 4 ati 14. bp 5 bo 1s. gi et So 16, 3 1g ve a 18. 6 9 Bo 19. dia 10 ji 20, giabot. DoH aw Lesson 3 au ‘Vocabulary ii wil dai can dee oxi but sia slow sda-saa bog slowly vai quick, fast wai-wii oy Ghuickly,fast Yik-wa-nung Srey ‘one more time het todo, to make in-gin of to-cook mmak In won sin fy wweat! dium fu vo rink? tong ‘0 watch wiogopiak :b1/0% to speak aan 9 to real Kian 250 to write hian gu to study San wy to each het-wiak Goggn to work Son ve to sleep 2s7e twoniackian 154"%" on 4 sma ha-wita-yaa-l uavtnara doo-bin sud hianciachaan Eres fechianwaang eoris'9 Song-wian 209r07 vimiian nam-g3on Abu nam-maak-giang tnnnfisy sia Bia ww kao ey miilfaa 0/60 facdan ow jachian Yao ounara facia fa-lang ome) whian jin oot tine temple ciureh market hotel factory movie theater school hospital bank post office university siaport restaurant sock dessert water orange juice beer noodles food Lao food western food (Chinese Food 20 for Beginners fo-hian nyicbpin cou ‘Kio-S00/ da han-sio Peron io-tang/ie-haan-iang Jere xho-Aéeng/dachian.léeng wg fora ginko fen sia Si nlimedtian bere) Sit Wang 2ndog Sit bia Bf sii muang_ Bioy sects som Bao (i ao Belin Japanese fo0d breakfast Tunch dinner to have a meal’ color! black white rod sreen Tight blue dark blue brown yellow pink purple orange grey 1. tian (rt ~W ea 6 pole form af gin (fi) tot. 2 Aton duu» means to drink, Lao people tend t use infu Antes ermal speech for ben ‘et ani eg. Si mak gin Ba ke to dik eer 8. indo, fil) eraly means 0 et re" Homever, Lao people use this phrase for eting say msn ea 4. Sl cam be omied when it se 0 mofy scans. eg, to Si Kio = ee (white carConversation 1 Tongpet jao Wao pis-sia leo di boo, mgin: dh dh uw ap th i Can you speak Lao? David: di n3i-nung. clo: 1 atauy Yes, a litle. Tongpet jo ian péa-sda liao yuu wogiin: Ch su unm eo y te ‘Where did you lam Lao? David: K3i ban gap kim Kéao yuu da-mée-ti-gia aba: fu seu fe fy ayn. With Lao people in America “Tongpet: jao wa0 liao geng Vas wegcin: coy oro chy naw. ‘You speak Lao very well David: k3op-jai. ‘Thank you. Nate: wo pasa tino oF win Kao =m spe a9 x0 fr Boprners or Mana: Conversation 2 {iio mak gin da-haian liao boo. anu nin fy emmy ena be Paul: Paul: va: Do you like to eat Lae food? mak I Yes, [ike it very much, jido mak a-haan fa-lang boo. dn ty om uy Do you like western food? : KS: boo mak. Ki mak Aa-hdan nyii-bpun, fwd tn. Feu tn cow thy No, I don't, 1 like Japanese food. jo ja dium sia Wiwewaa gia-fée. nse fu en on | mur Will you drink te or coffee? Ja dum gie-Ee. ve ty rw. 1 will drink cofteebpa-nyook ustaun 1. A: jo (boa) mak a-héan_nyiing dnb in emu ot? ‘What food do (don't) you Tike? B: A5i (boo) mak a-haan lao, tu chy tn om ao. 1 (don’t like Lao food. fo (ba>) mak Sii_nyang. fod tn 2 aye ‘What color do (don't) you like? D: Ki (99) mak sii Kt, tu ty in Ben. 1 (don’t) Tike white, E: fo (699) mak het nyiing. a adh inn aig? ‘What do (don) you like to-do? F: i (boo) mak bong t60-1aat. tw hy tn dy 1 (don’t like watching TY. 2. A: jo mak aa-haan jiin boo. Do you like Chinese food? Bi: mak. ©: boo mak. No, Idon’t. 20 fr Begimers Senter A: fo mak da-hiian Wao haw 3a-hiian fa-tang, Ghtn own so mt gum sb Do you like Lao food or western food? Bs KSI mak fa-hiam kiao. Hike Lao food. Cj, mak lot ii Kao tin for si dng, fo tn® @ ro 9 8 ony Do you like white ears or ted cats? D: K3i mak lot sii déeng, bw inf 2 ony, [ike red cars, 4A: ao sam pasa vo dai bao. Can you reat Lao? No, I can’ AA: jap kian pia-sia Miao di hoo. eh au wun ao th be ‘Can you write in Lao? 2 dai. dtee aan dai n3i-nung, = oxi cy MS aout No, [can't. But I can read a ile 6. As jao ja bpai_ sii nel) ter Where will you go? B: ja bpai haan-e-hian liao, *W Feow Lill goto a Lao restaurant.n u so for Bagrrers n C: ja pat don-tin aw dus Test3 il got the aport 7. As liao wk dam ning. ao th tig? Maich he Enlish words withthe Lao words ‘What does he/she like to dink? ___ 1. schoo! awat B: tao mak dum gia-fee 2. eat b.sii dim ah wo tn fy mel 3 & i si e.tong sly Helshe likes to dink coe. gi nes C:tiao mak daw bia Wao. —— 4 temple Si kiao Be wo tn fu w av. 5. to speak clot Bo Heise likes to dink La beet. ;__ eeeee fdontin udu 8 Alo het wiak yu sai 7. black & Si dBeng 850) Were dou work? — 8 te thet ES ker eal vaste 9. white 1, ma-bia.wi-ta-yia-i at Ue age erBrearta {work in Vintian ——10-tea Jc hoong-ian. Loree C:jao ja gin kao-iang yuu sai. doe fy dram 9 we ‘Where will you have lunch? 1.10 wate K Ruchlan-waang. ctoranc — ee Lkio da : yuu haon-da-haan liao. 13. do, to make q fuemw ev. __ tree 15. snack 9. Kioto sa dai bs =a 3 ir Excuse me. Could you speak slowly? 10, wao chan) Tik-taa-nung dai bo>. eer ee ch hy nef LA be Can you say that again’” te LsoforBegimers Lesson 3 Reading & Writing 73 More Vowels “Translate the following nt English. ‘The following vowels may sound either short or Jong (mostly shor), but ste categorized as long vowels for tone rule pur- poses. 1. jo het wiak yuu si 2. -kSi mak ot Si faa. Jam/ "aes t- Ai) (méi-mtian) 3. jo mak ia-hitan Kao tw a-ha fi T= veosiméian fo in om oo Ger 7 2 i C1 fio 4 fon eee (ees a cmvteaer arene ones Ga dh = Ww ize which one is used wih a particular wor. 5, to Kian piw-sa Tico di geng li. Complex Vowels ts The following can be considered complex vowels. They tue vowels followed by the sonorant consonants U or § and 0 —W fair —§9 haoos jal is sometimes spelled CU 0-5. fiaol fail feail boil ‘poo hil us seco! Jeeo! pail 20 er Begins Practice Writing the Following Vowels Use © + as the 01 te eu 959 810 goU Q Q 9 9 9 Q ant when practicing the following 0 OO Oes Lao for Beginners Read The Following Aloud coll hob cseu 9 = 8 a eeu 9 9 - i wat You 9 Q in ww dh 6. U1 td W con coy Qu 8 9 7 £ é ‘ on by G9 8 Jeues cao 9g 9 11. ef ofa ctin cceo. 6G 9 cau. Cau coFinal Consonants “There are eight final consonant sounds which can end a3 lable, They are divided into two categories - Sonorant and st Sonorant finals are voiced - if you touch your larynx (voice hile pronouncing them, you will fel a vibration. Stop finals ‘unvoiced, The five sonorant and thee stop finals are most monly writen as follow Sonorant Finals (All Low Consonants) 9305s gia cow) Ing/ Vw Fin no nok (bir) inf UU CBLID mSo méeo cat) Jl U UU) yo yiing (mosquito) Iny/ D 93 wis wii Gam iw! Stop Finals (All Mid Consonants) TUN gin gat (enicken Is) QO GGIN ao ak cerita) At UU GR bio be Geoa a] [Notes L When 1,9, an ae fin consonants they ae ans ‘a fg Po ad ny eapecively. Howove, when they ae fi ‘consonants they are tribe 4,1, ane 25 fs pat ofthe vowels -" ane “>, which are transcribed a se id respetively, "is transobed 5 ha and 59 isan sere Ha. Lantos Bogie Practice Writing the Following Consonants The following consonants are written with one siroke, Sart near the ©.a0 fr Boginnore iphthoags \ewels Final Postion cous Cou ‘Ten Vowels That Change Me pee Their Forms E Se 3 Do /miay ‘The following ten” vowels change their forms, when appear in medial position. we Ss Special Vowel Aitematives Simple Vowels Vowels Final Postion Medial Postion 2 Fin /gat! L agit a GOS ci: Mope/ cL Aopen t =e. GCOS coms: sae corn (até) fq ioe You’ tee iar 4 op! cos Feu /gop/ S81) /sSon/ Medial Position fia) 350 sianf Gon fdvixan/ LOU /maan/ In the old Lao writing system, you may encounter some of the fol- lowing alterative forms of these special vowels, vu sail ou fait farn/Live and Dead Syllables To reviews, here are the rules for live and dead syllables Asylable that ends with a short vowel oF a stop final ‘sonant is called a dead syllable. ‘Asyllable that ends with a Tong vost! ora sonora ‘consonant is called a live syllable = Rising tone and its corresponding tone mark (~ ) cccu with a dead sabe Tone Rules for Middle Consonants (cont,) Inthe absence ofa tone mark, the tome rules for middle sonants areas follows: Middle Consonant with Live Syllable = Low Tone Middle Consonant with Dead Syllable = Rising T Examples: Middle Consonant + Any Vowel + Sonorant Final. = Low Tone Som Pmicet Meaning +u =fu Gm toeat a+ 7 + 9 33H Gino therefore a+ Y= + uy =bow doo) by La or dogenors e Middle Consonant + Short Vowel + Stop Final = Rising Tone SomtPsodsed Meaning +u = fu Gin with, ane +n = fo (bpin, to close ae on =D Gan, wet Reading Exercise: Read the Following Words and Practice ‘ing Them in Leo, Also lenify the Tones. 1. 0080 waist 2, GCOU tohide 3. DAW to follow 4. 00 wo park 5. 81 tobathe 6. GHU toexceed 7. 40 wo arrange 8. Fin to fall 9. MAU wdie 10. 4U tobe finished 11. DU tomix 12. YN wimade 13. M59 bed 14. UN toblossomWriting Exercise 3 “Transeribe the following into Lao script. Notice that of the vowels are in medial position and must change forms ace ingly. 1, in 13, dm so or Beciners = ‘ance the following into Lao srt wing apecrine tone marks, . 21. gin__ 31, din pjom___ ip 2s, bing 28 ding 3s. ging____ 35, bani 26. jiam 26 0ong 2. gao 7 iia 28, wun = Bp ». diam oneey: bok 4, fioLesson 4 telling time; high consonants; tone rules for high consonantsLot Basins = bot-ti sii Sofi 2 Lesson 4 ‘kam-sap_ art Vocabulary wéelia can time sua-méong ur) hour rminate second exacily halt giap av lmost ‘pai hu past téeo fo already bpamian teary about ik snore, again ik hia nati Soran five more minutes bh slow wailsio to/din fast, early sai s0 late goon rev before ling ater don oa a San so aust in the morning dan sai coutoy late mocaing don tiang_revtisg at noon on bai aura in the afiernoon dion Keng. no in the evening dion kam ceush ar night dion d3k_oushn Jate at night ao sivetion nit egah/oa now Waang-gii-aii soe just nowjaak/dtee yen/ ori Lastor Begionore 81 tangihaalhsot_fig/3"/6e0 10, until {ilk méong (Iée0) alug (eto) 1:00 200 3:00 4:00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 when pm from wée-lda coan Time What dime i it? mang méong oti. sang méong sihic) sliam méong ula) sii méong us) hia méong Stu hk méong (sao). ft (ey Jetmdong (680) 29 ck) bpéet mong (sao) satin «ey ‘gio méong (sio) cFetuy ci am Sip méong (sao) Stuy (dn) sip-et méong (so) Sucked (ely 12.00 tianghtiang-dking/ip sSong mong 00 200 3:00 400 5:00 600 7.00 8:00 9:00 10.00 11:00 12.00 #59 / roo /Hoaeghun ‘bai nung (méongy’baai méong tually huge /iahuy (baai) song méong (thu) aah (bani) siam méong mong (omy Buy (bai) hia mdong (i fg nok méong (Iéeng) dirty (sag) (iy ania Jt méong ctu jaan) bpéet méong czy «29 gio méong 3Ariuy (way Sip mong hin) ea) Sip Gt mong BBL cag) Sip song méong gang kewnviang-kuun Boreugrrctu/ veckuConversation. Kampong: jao dtwan jak méong. thigh AP te ‘What time do you get up? akong: bpa-mian jét mong so, way tw fe big dh About seven o'clock. ‘Kampong: go2n bpai gis jao her nyang dee. thle = tu Wwe Sn akg ar ‘What do you do before going to wor Pakong: i3i gin Kio so le aan ning-sin-pim. wsog, Su fu da dh ox dis sigh. 1 make beakfast and read the paper Kampong: jao ndon jk mong ety dom Ye lug ‘What time do you go to bed? akong: gia angen pai n5i-mang. weno: «ome tpg W_atiouly. ite ater midnight. ano Bogner a bpa-nydok ustaun Sentences 1. A: tom ali jak méong (1ée0). neu 5% tug caxioi> ‘What time ist now? 8: don nit baai hia méong, cou § tiv fh big, % now five pm. CC: doa nt tang kong, cau Bigg. ay. 1's now haf past twelve noon, D: dian ni gaa0 maong bpiai ning cou f dn tun uw atouety, ts now a litle past nine am dion ali baai Sang méong dtbng. cou ow my ly fy. Ie’snow exaely two pm F don nit siam mong tpiai sp, cou few tip thw Be. eso ten minutes afer thee pm, G:dtSon nit sip &t méong saa. ca fide tug ev. Ws now twenty past leven pan, H: etSon mi: mung méong Kong, co 8 ty tig ay. Ws now half past one am.ae Laotor Besioners 2, Ait gin ko Iéeng jak méong. D: bpa-mian hia méong. én ‘What time do you eat dinner? B: k3i gin kao léeng (dtdon)* hdk méong futur oxy (can fin Lay aay tn tig? Almost 5 pam. F hia mong ayéing sip, or ln tp fu. Ten minutes to 5 pm eat dinner at six ‘What time do you go to work? Ten minutes Spm. D: k3i bpai wiak (dt3on)* bpéet méong. ‘G: haa moong bpaai hie na (oa) fo ug ty fa anit 1 go w work at ight ive minutes past 5 p.m. E: jao ja beng téo-la-tat jak méong. H: hia méong bpaai sip. he dy tain hig? fe uy ww What time will you watch TV.? Ten past 5 pm. + kbi jf bong t60-la-tat ddan dBk. I ha mong Kong, dig Yasin cay in. in Yay. watch LY. late at night. Half pas 5 pm. * dion can be omited in these sentences. 4. Az lao maa sia-saa. 3. As ha mong dtong ewe fo wy fe, He came slowly, Exactly 5 pm ae : Bs ia méong bpaai. th ly vw He came early. Past Spm. Ciao mia Sia C: haa moong léeng leo. mo Un ao, fy lup oan ato. ‘He came late, Already 5 pm.10. u, 131 hian pias tino ete baal méong ing bai sii mons fa sgn soar iy lug fy dw beg {study Lao from one pum to four pm Go titan pasa Lino jak sua-méong, cos win ao on tug? How many hours do you study La? B: KGi blan pda-sia Wao sdam sua-méong. fu sw un eo sw thug. We study Loo for three hours. ‘A: jao 16am aan bpiim diee don jak mosng. Body owiy si nou in lye ‘When did you start reading? Br kGi 15m aan bptim dtee ¢tSon gio mong léeng. feud ewty or coven tip aug. 1rve been reading since nine p.m. aun bi Iiterally eens “to veal abook” Thabo ‘ream reat” n gener lao ja bpii dor-bin dtSon baai sam méong. wo ew duty nou ow aw lug. He will goto the airport atthe pam. «aon tiang k3i ja het da haan Liao. cou ty) ue Eo ow ora [will make La0 food at noon. 163i ja bp hng-nam hata nda-ti. tue ty fon [will goto the bathroom for five minutes [Gi her wak hia sua-mGong kona. Bev din on fn Shy hy. | work fr five anda half hours. Lao fo Boginnor 12. ik Sip nd. Si ja to méa hia jo, th & wiht elaine 1 will give you a callin ten minutes. 13. KSI het-wiak dee so 32¢ tiang, sn ari din sen tigg. | work from morning tll noon, 14, A: fao ja bpd ta-nda-kan nyiam di, oe marew vw tor ‘When will you go to the bank’? B: dion baai au thy In the afternoon“Test 4 ‘Tell what time tis indicacing a.m. pam. (Us ier am pa Af you want to wie oth when thee more tan one answer, ta ne ‘Looks the excep Example: siam méong = 300 p.m hk méong sip ha. Erbrtdin bai iam, truer sii méong kang. Baryég sang méong sam sip hia, :Luyftn. baal stam méong ging. thusnubighs hia méong yang Sip. Sacto Sip sSang moong sao. S.ee"Lurevs baai nang méong hia nda, runtehuniens. 9, bpbet miong sao nian, cuklunewnrd ie ee 11. sip méong sao. Suluge) 12.tiang dting. rissa 13, bpéet méong Iéeng. —cibeurin 14. bpéet dong sip. seul 15, hia méong so. tL 10. sii’ moong no forBesinnes Teaslat he following into English 1. KS: Si bp wat dison tiang. feo EW th omy 98) 2 ldo aan bpm deng-dtee Sip-et méong Kéeng oro ou fy Fegcri decker tay 3. ho Hlan pda-sda dao slam sua-mGong, hoy un wo ow fun. 4. don ni wée-téa baal méong kong. pep 8 can dw lag afg. 5. Bi din Kao-sio atSan bpéet méong. fw fu Grif rau ech Lag.100 Lesson 4 Reading & Writing High Consonants Snaevg) «al on-siung) “There are six “high’ consonanis in Lao as follows: ‘Consonant Consonant Name 2 212 — Gokai-cep i) @ A-CHO so sia tiger Ish 0 fi) owing - bag Kl WG) 50 pang -bee fol WU OU fo tin-sin ft DT UINU ho haan - goose il Practice Writing the High Consonants Nosioe that you always star witha smal circle where d poe Gate es Lo for Besionssaot Begins 108 ‘Reading Exercise: Read the Following Woods and Practice iting Them in Lao. 02 Tone In the absence of atone mark, the tone rules fr high 1. fia head 2. 080 tiger consonants areas follows: 3. Wu) mote 4. Qe ‘High Consonant with Live Syllable = Rising Tone 5. MOV am 6. ff9 husband High Consonant with 1. & color 8. 19 tw look for im 9. wn tid 10. 39. thre Examples: High Consonant + Short Vowel = Rising Tone High Consonant + Long Vowel = Rising Tone Samizodist Mais 2+-4 = 29 (xia) keg ae ath = Po ee eee D+ 6-9Y = CONE a’) whyes supeman eee ae ieee ae ee ane eoding Hues Kea sins ons an acts 1. tf rotten 2. See united 3. 83 name of a god, mountain (Sanskrit)High Consonant + Any Vowel + Sonoran Final = Rising Tone Suntfst Meaning 2+ [+N = BV cai) — wocrow,tocoo + 1+ U = SW iam) three T+ 24 9 = fig con) sack High Consonant + Short Vowel + Stop Final = Rising Tone Smmdrodist Meaning a+ 2+ = BUG waive u+2+0 = fio gin swr00g T+ 2 +n = fin ci) — comet High Consonant + Long Vowel + Stop Final = Low Tone Sami Prats = Mani W + —1 +1 = UN Giak) — todeposie B+ 5+ U =U wimp — wsmobe a+%- +0 = Lan dio — cnet Lao for Beglones 105 Reading Exercise: Read the Following Words and Practice ‘Writing Them in Lao. Also Identify the Tones. 1. tall 2. Cfi9 3. TMbeach = 4. GU hair 5. @N ripe 6. GON guest 7. ON six 8. TW base 9. CBU sonin-ew 10. 80 ten 11. SU tine 12. 59 todetainWriting Exercise 4 ‘Transcribe the following into Lao script usa hip pie em ae a Ba aed jisiak____ 1. ping jokiut an, ft 5. sla 1. haap. om 6 fii 13, flat 1 héek 14 fing Lesson 5 days of the week: months; tone marks with high consonants; low consonants introduced3 Soil tin Lesson 5 dnt Vocabulary day Sunday! Monday “Thursday Friday Sauurday holiday weekend tian au month January? February March mée-sia ier Apel pat-sicpaa Bezin May midsnda Sgn Je goo-la-got faefin Say singshia go” August inenyéa Fas September dhilia qo October fk win November tan-wia Buon December mini today misewdan-ati Farad yesterday0 tubltuk-tuk 9/9 Tik song mow Srveat 3ik sdam mia tanu5 tukwk mov gob iasysippadia edo iter i dit gbon/aa-tivléeo erborin foresto fasit nia cred Song Batt goon segerferiou saam do-it goon supricrioy Vik sSong Aastit Srseqentin Tik sam dat Erarworg tuktuk dat rete dGan-nii shout) dian-téeo.sfeusto uan-nia cauctn ‘Song dian goon seostonsiou sam duan gSon eucturion Aik song dian. Snaapshou tomorrow. every two days az0 three days ago two days from now three days from now everyday week! this week last week next week two weeks ago thee weeks ago two weeks from now three weeks from now every week this month last_ month ext month ‘wo months ago tree months ago two months from now a0 for Benes 1ik sam dian Gnewuxte twk-tuk dian yngstou pit 5 bpiienii tpliglaiopti eo Dire /Oxto bplinda txt ‘Sang bpli goon soot Yik sSong bpli Ensey tuk-tuk bpp) Sonim so. ron (ER (anita) sao-nii (5) bob mmiu-uun sao Beir sdo-wan aa-tit Suva tuk-tuk so yng di5on/miu léeng seu /fies indu-léeng-tti Boson) leengavian.sti segoub miv-aundéeng Pos) léeng wan-ia-tit- ciaj5uerio tuk-tuk Keng. yrgoay ‘gaangiktien fi) dioon-kam-miu-nii nove Bou wiun wan-aactit fuer tuketuk kien ype {tee months from now every month year this year last year nex! year 10 years ago {wo years from now every year morning this morning tomorrow meming Sunday mocaing every morning evening this evening yesterday evening tomorrow evening Sunday evening every evening night tonight Jas night tomorrow night Sunday night every night