CE313:

COST ESTIMATION &

TECHNICAL
DOCUMENTATION
ENGR. BREDITH GRACE B. VENOYA
Outline
▪ Introductionto Cost Estimation
▪ Technical Documentation
▪ Final Term PIT Guidelines
▪ Quiz 6
▪ Final Exam Coverage

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COST ESTIMATION

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Cost Estimate

Cost Estimation is the

process of estimating all
of the costs associated
with completing a
project within scope and
according to its timeline.

Here is video showcasing cost estimation as a career: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H0AMfxRWb3U

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Cost Estimate
Bill of Quantities: determines the
quantities of the various work sections
involved in the project through an
ordered structure of measurement data

Work Sections or
Job Classification:
this is to breakdown
planned works into
elementary physical Examples:
Earthworks
parts according to
Foundation
their logical, Measurement: the quantities
Superstructures “Quantity Takeoff”
technological or Partitions of the elements of the project
(evaluating the right
functional identity in Plaster, Floors, Walls by acquiring the relevant
quantities)
relation to the whole Plumbing and Sanitary metric information
building Electrical

Reference: https://biblus.accasoftware.com/en/construction-estimating/
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Cost Estimate
Prices: reference unit rates

Material Prices
- Fluctuates up and down so the
estimator must both understand
and anticipate the frequency and
extent of the price variation and
timing of buying cycle
- May be affected by:
- Material availability
- Size of the order
- Delivery timeframe
- Exchange rates, etc.

Image from here. 6

Cost Estimate
Prices: reference unit rates

Equipment Costs
- Depends on the correct size or
capacity required to perform the work
- Rates in the Philippines: ACEL
Equipment Guidebook by the
Association of Carriers and
Equipment Lessors (link)

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Cost Estimate
Prices: reference unit rates

Labor Rates
- Cost per hour for the craftsmen on the
project
- Current real minimum wage (Region X,
non-agriculture) = P 330.79 (reference)

Labor Hours
- Unit man-hour basis
- Estimator must make allowances for
varying capability based on the
complexity of the project
Images from here (Compensation)

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Cost Estimate
Indirect Costs
For the owner: design fees, permits, land acquisition, etc.
For the contractor: mobilization, staffing, on-site job office, temporary utilities, tools, etc.

Contractor’s Risk
When the estimator is considering the amount of profit to add to a bid, the amount of risk for the
contractor must also be assessed.
Risk of the contractor: losing money in the process of a building project (or when the actual cost of
construction exceeds the estimated cost)
Only where the owner changes the scope of the work of the contract will the contract price change.
Else, extra costs will have to be paid by the contractor.

Note: There are several, detailed ways to quantify and estimate a project’s cost. You will learn more of this in
the coming semester (Quantity Surveying). For now, one method (DUPA) will be introduced.
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Detailed Unit Price Analysis
Standard Pay Item List for
Infrastructure Projects by DPWH
To ensure uniformity in the preparation of the
Design Plans and Quantities, Programs of Works
(POW) and Approved Budget for the Contract
(ABC) for infrastructure project nationwide…
Link: https://www.dpwh.gov.ph/dpwh/sites/default/files/issuances/DO_143_s2017.pdf

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Detailed Unit Price Analysis

Images from https://www.dpwh.gov.ph/dpwh/sites/default/files/issuances/DO_143_s2017.pdf

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Detailed Unit Price Analysis
*done per work item to get total
cost estimate (including taxes and
other costs)

TOTAL = P4,760,902.15
Divided by 23,032 cu.m.
Unit Cost = P206.71 per cu.m.

Images from https://www.dpwh.gov.ph/DPWH/sites/default/files/webform/pow/POW%2017J00050.pdf 12

 Here is a video explaining the concept of LCCA and sustainability:
Life-Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8C4V8le5mE

Building-related costs may include:

Initial Costs: Purchase, Acquisition, Construction
Costs
Operation, Maintenance, and Repair Costs
Replacement Costs
Residual Values: Resale or Salvage Values or
Disposal Costs
Finance Charges: Loan Interest Payments
Non-Monetary Benefits or Costs

Image from https://www.horstconstruction.com/news-and-blog/life-cycle-cost-anaylsis/

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Life-Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA)

Life cycle cost analysis (LCCA or LCC) is an

objective method for measuring and managing the
lifetime costs of any project or asset.

In construction, it refers to the assessment of

costs that occur throughout a building’s lifespan,
from construction, through use and maintenance,
to end-of-life.

It enables design options to be compared from a

lifetime perspective to reduce overall costs. In so
doing, it provides a more robust insight into long-
term costs and savings, compared to ROI-based
calculations.

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 TECHNICAL
DOCUMENTATION

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 Introduction to Technical Documentation

“If it wasn’t documented, it wasn’t

done.”

“In other words, if you can’t prove that

something happened ‘on paper’,
there’s no way to prove that it
happened at all.”

includes:
✓ Building Plans, Specifications, As-Builts
Image from: https://www.levelset.com/blog/construction-document-management/ ✓ Job Costing and Accounting Documentation
- pieces of paper containing official information ✓ Safety in Construction
(Cambridge Dictionary)

- the act or an instance of furnishing or authenticating ✓ Crew Scheduling and Human Resources
with documents (Merriam-Webster)

Reference: The Importance of Project Documentation in Construction (link) 16

 Introduction to Technical Documentation

Benefits of Well-Organized Construction

Document Management

✓ Claim Preservation
✓ Project Cost and Status Tracking
✓ Well Established Scope of Work
✓ Quick Change Order Approval
✓ Efficient Quality Control and Inspections

“Construction document management is one

Image from: https://www.levelset.com/blog/construction-document-management/
- pieces of paper containing official information
(Cambridge Dictionary)
- the act or an instance of furnishing or authenticating
with documents (Merriam-Webster)
of the most tedious and time-consuming
tasks for a construction business. However,
effective document control is crucial for a
business’ success.”

Reference: Construction Document Management Presents Unique Challenges (link) 17

Building Permit Checklist

“before construction”

Link to BP forms 18
 Construction Logbook Sheet

“during construction”
Reference: IRR of the National Building Code of the Philippines 19
 Certificate of Completion
NBC Form No. B - 10

“after construction”
Reference: IRR of the National Building Code of the Philippines 20
 Certificate of Completion

Reference: IRR of the National Building Code of the Philippines 21

 Certificate of Occupancy
NBC Form No. B - 11

As-built plans and

specifications show all
the minor and major
modifications or
changes from the
original plan made by
the contractor to the
rendering of the project.

submitted by owner or applicant

Reference: IRR of the National Building Code of the Philippines 22
 Certificate of Occupancy

As-built plans and

specifications show all
the minor and major
modifications or
changes from the
original plan made by
the contractor to the
rendering of the project.

Reference: IRR of the National Building Code of the Philippines 23

FINAL TERM PIT

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Final Term PIT
Each group is to prepare the following:

1 set of printed/hand-drawn design

plans and specifications (in A3):
▪ Architectural
▪ Structural
▪ Electrical
▪ Sanitary/Plumbing
Combine all drawings/sheets into 1 pdf
file only and send it through email.
Email Subject and Filename:
CE313 Final Term PIT Section 3x Group y
Deadline: January 26, 2024, 5pm
Scoring will be based on the same rubric as
the lab exercises.
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Final Term PIT

Reminders:

Before submitting your plans and

specifications, kindly double check the
following:
- margins
- lineweights (not too heavy, not
too light)
- dimensions (clearly readable)
- names (OBO officials, designers)
- updated table of contents
- please provide a perspective on
the front page
- page numbers

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 QUIZ 6 &
FINAL EXAM COVERAGE

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Quiz 6: Detailed Unit Price Analysis
- open on USTeP: Monday (January 8, 2024, 5pm) to Saturday (January 13, 2024, 5pm)

Final Exam
- Coverage:
National Building Code of the Philippines IRR
Referral Codes
Electrical Code of the Philippines
Code of Sanitation of the Philippines
Revised National Plumbing Code of the Philippines
Green Building Code
Building Service Systems
Building Envelope Systems
Building Materials and Assemblies
Cost Estimation and Technical Documentation
- Venue and Schedule: to be announced on our Google Classroom
- Type of Exam: similar to midterm exam
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THANK YOU

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References
▪ Whole Building Design Guide: Cost Estimating (https://www.wbdg.org/design-
disciplines/cost-estimating)
▪ Whole Building Design Guide: Life-Cycle Cost Analysis
(https://www.wbdg.org/resources/life-cycle-cost-analysis-lcca)
▪ Life Cycle Costing in Construction (https://www.oneclicklca.com/building-life-
cycle-costing-in-construction/)

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