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Relations and Functions: Matrices
Relations and Functions: Matrices
Relations and Functions: Matrices
01 Chapter 01
Matrices
Let B = {b1, b2, b3} and G = {g1, g2}, where B represents (I) How many relations are possible from B to G ?
the set of Boys selected and G the set of Girls selected (II) Among all the possible relations from B to G, how
for the final race. many functions can be formed from B to G ?
(III) Let R : B → B be defined by R = {(x, y) : x and y
are students of the same sex}. Check if R is an
equivalence relation.
OR
(III) A function f: B → G be defined by f = {(b1, g1),
(b2, g2), (b3, g1)}.
Check if f is bijective. Justify your answer.
[CBSE 65-5-1 (2023)]
Solutions
One-one: f(– 1) = f (1) = 15 but −1 1, ‘f’ is not a
1. (c) ( − , 0) one-one function.
2. (c) Assertion is True, Reason is False f ( a ) = 7 16 − a 2 = 7 a = 3
3. f(1) = 2, f(2) = 4, f(3) = 6, f(4) = 8
8. Let x1 , x2 R (Domain) such that f ( x1 ) = f ( x2 )
B = {2, 4, 6, 8}
16 4 + cos x cos x + 16sin 2 x
5 x1 − 3 5 x2 − 3
=
4. f '( x) = −1
( 4 + cos x ) 4 4
2
5 x1 = 5 x2 x1 = x2
cos x ( 56 − cos x )
= f is one-one.
( 4 + cos x )
2
Let y ∈ R (co-domain). Then f(x) = y for some x .
5x − 3 4y + 3
in , , cos x 0 f ' ( x ) 0 if, y = , i.e., if, x = , which ∈ R(Domain)
2 4 5
4y + 3
f ( x ) in strictly decreasing in , Thus, for every y ∈ R(co − domain), there exists
2 5
5. For reflexive 4y + 3
(1, 1) R as 12 is rational (or any other counter
∈ R(domain) such that f = y
5
example) Range of f = R = codomain of f. Hence, f is onto.
R is not reflexive 9. (c) open half plane containing the origin except the
For symmetric points of line 3x + 5y =7
Let (x, y) R x. y is an irrational number 10. (d) (4, 2)
(y. x) is an irrational number 11. (a) Reflexive : Here, (a, b) R (a, b) ∀ (a, b) ∈ N X N
(y, x) R since ab(b + a) = ba(a + b) is always true.
R is symmetric Symmetric: Let (a, b) R (c, d) ∀ (a, b), (c, d) ∈ N X N.
For Transitive Then,
(1, 2 ) R, ( 2 , 2) R (or any other counter ad(b + c) = bc(a + d)
example) bc(a + d) = ad(b + c)
but (1, 2) R (c, d) R (a, b)
R is not transitive Transitive: Let (a, b) R (c, d) and (c, d) R (e, f) ∀ (a, b),
x −1 y − 2 z − 3 (c, d), (e, f) ∈ N X N. Then
6. Equation of line AB is = =
2 3 6 ad (b + c) = bc (a + d) and cf(d + e) = de(c + f)
Let coordinates of required point on AB be b+c a+d d +e c+ f
= and =
( 2 + 1,3 + 2, 6 + 3) for some bc ad de cf
According to Question 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
+ = + + = +
( 2 − 2) + ( 3 − 3) + ( 6 − 6 ) = 14 gives c b d a e d f c
2 2 2 2
Adding, we get
2 − 2 − 3 = 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Solving we get = 3 and – 1 + + + = + + +
c b e d d a f c
required points are (7, 11, 21) and (– 1, – 1, – 3)
1 1 1 1
7. Onto: Let y = 16 − x 2 y 0 + = +
b e a f
Squaring we get, x 2 = 16 − y 2 x = 16 − y 2 e+b f +a
=
For each y −4, 4 , ' x ' is a real number, be af
0 y 4 R f = 0, 4 = Co-domain af (b + e) = be(a + f)
‘f’ is an onto function. (a, b) R (e, f)
Hence, R is equivalence relation.
RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS
OR
13. Domain = R ; Range = − ,
(b) For one-one 2 2
4
Let f ( x1 ) = f ( x2 ) for some x1 , x2 R − − 14. (I) Number of relations = 26 = 64
3 (II) Number of possible functions = 2 3 = 8
4 x1 4 x2 (III) R is an equivalence relation as it is reflexive,
=
3x1 + 4 3x2 + 4 symmetric and transitive
OR
12 x1 x2 + 16 x1 = 12 x1 x2 + 16 x2
Since f is not one-one function
16 x1 = 16 x2 f is not bijective
x1 = x2
f is one-one
For onto let y R, and for some x .
4x
Let y =
3x + 4
3xy + 4 y = 4 x
x ( 3 y − 4 ) = −4 y
4y 4y
x=− or x =
3y − 4 4 − 3y
4 4
x is real if y . So R f = R − Codomain (f)
3 3
So, f is not onto.
12. (b) 4