Lai Cẩm Hạo Điền

BTCEIU19001
Homework 6-10

Question 1:

a. H3N—SO3
b. (CH3)3N—SO3

Question 2:

- HF is a covalent compound and is strongly H-bonded. Therefore, it doesn't give F–

ions and hence AlF3 doesn't dissolve in HF.
- NaF is an ionic compound. It contains F– ions which combine with electron
deficient AlF3 to form the soluble complex.

3NaF + AlF3 ------> Na3[AlF6]

Question 3:

a. MgSO4 > CaSO4 > SrSO4 > BaSO4

- Electrostatic forces predict the reverse order due to cation sizes, larger cations fit
better with the large sulfate anion in the crystals. Hydration of the cations is the
strongest for Mg2+, weakest for Ba2+.
b. PbCl2 > PbBr2 > PbI2 > PbS
- Pb2+ has stronger interactions with the softer anions. Hydration of the anions is
largest for the chloride, smallest for sulfide, based on size.

Question 4:

- The atomic radius of atoms generally decreases from left to right across a period.
Within a period, protons are added to the nucleus as electrons are being added to the
same principal energy level. These electrons are gradually pulled closer to the
nucleus because of its increased positive charge. Since the force of attraction
 between nuclei and electrons increases, the size of the atoms decreases. The effect
lessens as one moves further to the right in a period because of electron-electron
repulsions that would otherwise cause the atom’s size to increase.

Question 5:

- Group 1 elements are known as Alkali Metals.

- Generally, the melting point of the alkali metals decreases down the group. This is
because as the ions get larger the distance between the bonding electrons and the
positive nucleus gets larger and reduces the overall attraction between the two. For
similar reasons the electronegativity decreases.

Question 6:

- In Silicon atom the second ionization will bring it to relative stability as the s-orbital
will be filled with electrons, however in case if second ionization of aluminum you
broke that relative stability by taking one of the electrons of the already filled s-
orbital. -> the second ionization energy of Al is higher.

Question 7:

a. VABCDEF = 1/6 Vcell = 1/6 x 4.23 × 10−23 𝑐𝑚3 = 7.05 x 10-24 𝑐𝑚3
b. Length = 3.4843 x 10-8 cm

BM = CM = r+ + r- = (3.4843 x 10-8)/2 = 1.7422 x 10-8 cm

BC = r- + r- = 3.4843 x 10-8 x √2 / 2 = 2.4638 x 10-8 cm

 r+ = 5.1030 x 10-9; r- = 1.2319 x 10-8

c. r+/r- = 0.4142

Question 8:

a. Triamminetriaquachromium (III) chloride

b. Tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt (III) sulfate
c. Pentacarbonyliron
 d. Hexaammineiron (III) hexacyanochromate (III)
e. Pentaaquahydroxoiron (III) ion

Question 9:

a. [Fe(NH3)6](NO3)3
b. [Fe(NH3)6][Cr(CN)6]
c. K3[CoF6 ]
d. (NH4)2[Ni(C2O4)2(H2O)2]
e. [Ag(NH3)2][Ag(CN)2]

Question 10:

a. ----
 b. ----

Question 11:

- The minimum amount of energy that is required to activate atoms or molecules to a

condition in which they can undergo chemical transformation or physical transport.

Question 12:

- The inner sphere electron transfer occurs between complexes via bridging ligands
whereas outer sphere electron transfer mechanism occurs between complexes that
do not undergo substitution.