MATHEMATICS 9

Name: ___________________________________Grade&Section:_____________Date: __________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
PROVING THE MIDLINE THEOREM
I. Background Information for Learners
These activity sheets serve as your self-learning guide and will facilitate the lesson on proving
the midline theorem.
Proving the midline theorem is very useful in helping us understand some of the concepts in
geometry especially in connection with trapezoid and similarity. For us to prove the midline theorem,
let’s first know what the midline theorem is.

MIDLINE THEOREM: In ∆ABC, D and E

The segment that joins are midpoints of ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 and ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶
the midpoints of two sides of a respectively. These midpoints
triangle is parallel to the third side when joined makes segment
and half as long. ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐸
which is the midline of ∆ABC.

The following definitions of some important terms may be of help to you:

Definition of Midpoint - A point on a line Definition of Midpoint AM = MB
segment that divides it into two equal parts.
The halfway point of a line segment.
SAS (Side-Angle-Side) Congruence Postulate
- states that if the two sides and an included
angle of one triangle are congruent to the
corresponding two sides and the included
angle of another triangle, then the triangles
are congruent
The AIP Theorem – If
two lines form congruent alternate interior
angles with a transversal, then the lines are AIP THEOREM
parallel.
CPCTC - Corresponding Parts of Congruent
Triangles are Congruent
Vertical Angles - two nonadjacent angles CPCTC
formed by two intersecting lines.
Transitive property of congruence -
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐶𝐷
𝐴𝐵 ̅̅̅̅ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶𝐷
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐸𝐹
̅̅̅̅ , 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝐴𝐵
̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅
≅ 𝐸𝐹
Segment addition postulate - states that if
we are given two points on a line
segment, A and C, a third point B lies on the
line segment AC if and only if the distances
between the points meet the requirements
of the equation AB + BC = AC.
(You may also review definition of other terms,
algebraic properties, postulates, and theorems
that may help you accomplish the given activities.)

14
 II. Learning Competency: Proves the midline theorem (for triangles). (M9GE-IIId-1)

ACTIVITY 1: It’s Paperellelogram!

Let three family members or friends join when you do the activity. Prepare the materials needed.
Follow the procedure and answer the questions given.
Materials: 4 pieces of short bond paper, pencil, ruler, adhesive tape, protractor, and scissors.

Procedure:
1. Each member shall draw and cut a different kind of triangle out of a bond
paper. (equilateral triangle, right triangle, obtuse triangle, and acute triangle
that is not equiangular.)
2. Choose a third side of a triangle. Mark each midpoint of the other two sides
then connect the midpoints to form a segment.
3. Measure the segment drawn and the third side you chose.
Q:Compare the lenghts of the segments drawn and the third side you
chose.What did you observe?
4. Cut the triangle along the segment drawn.
Q:What two figures are formed after cutting the triangle along the segment
drawn?
5. Use an adhesive tape to reconnect the triangle with the other figure in such
a way that their common vertex was a midpoint and that congruent segments
formed by a midpoint coincide.
Q:After reconnecting the cutouts, what figure new figure is formed? Why?
Q:What can you say about your findings in relation to those of your family
members/friends?
Q:Do you think that the findings apply to all kinds of triangles? Why?

ACTIVITY 2: Show Me!

Directions: To prove the midline theorem, analyze the given situation below and provide the reasons
to the given statements that follow. You can choose the correct answers from the box of choices at
the right.
MIDLINE THEOREM:
The segment that joins the midpoints of two sides of a triangle is parallel to the
third side and half as long.

Given: ∆HNS, O is the midpoint of ̅̅̅̅̅

𝐻𝑁,
̅̅̅̅
E is the midpoint of 𝑁𝑆
1
Prove: ̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝐸 ∥ ̅̅̅̅
𝐻𝑆 , 𝑂𝐸 = 2 𝐻𝑆

15
Proof:

Statements Reasons CHOICES

1. ∆HNS, O is the midpoint of ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐻𝑁, 1.Given
̅̅̅̅
E is the midpoint of 𝑁𝑆 a. Definition of
2. When ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝐸 is extended. There is 2.In a line there is a exactly one point parallelogram.
a point T such that OE = ET between two other points that is
considered as the midpoint of the line. And b. SAS
these two points are equidistant to the Congruence
midpoint. Postulate
̅̅̅̅
3. 𝐸𝑁 ≅ 𝐸𝑆 ̅̅̅̅ 3.
4. ∠2 ≅ ∠3 4.Vertical Angles are Congruent c. Parallelogra
5. ∆𝐎𝐍𝐄 ≅ ∆𝐓𝐒𝐄 5. m Property.
6. ∠1 ≅ ∠4 6.CPCTC
̅̅̅̅̅
7. 𝐻𝑁 ∥ 𝑆𝑇 ̅̅̅̅ 7. d. Definition
of Midpoint
̅̅̅̅
8. 𝑂𝐻 ≅ 𝑂𝑁 ̅̅̅̅ 8.Definition of Midpoint
̅̅̅̅
9. 𝑂𝑁 ≅ 𝑇𝑆 ̅̅̅̅ 9. CPCTC(Statement 5)
e. Substitution
̅̅̅̅
10. 𝑂𝐻 ≅ 𝑆𝑇 ̅̅̅̅ 10. [statement
11. Quadrilateral HOTS is a 11. (SN) 2]
parallelogram.
̅̅̅̅ ∥ ̅̅̅̅
12. 𝑂𝐸 𝐻𝑆 ̅̅̅̅ is on the side of 𝑂𝑇
12.𝑂𝐸 ̅̅̅̅ of HOTS
f. Addition
13. OE + ET = OT 13.Segment Addition Postulate (SAP)
14. OE + OE = OT 14. g. By AIP
15. 2OE = OT 15. Theorem
16. ̅̅̅̅
𝐻𝑆 ∥ 𝑂𝑇̅̅̅̅ 16.
17. 2OE = HS 17. By Substitution h. Substitution
1
18. 𝑂𝐸 = 2 𝐻𝑆 (The segment 18. (SN 14 and 15)
joining the midpoints of two sides
of a triangle is half as long as the i. Transitive
third side.) Property

Congratulations! You’ve just completed the proof of the midline theorem. This theorem can
be applied to solve problems. Try the activity that follows.
ACTIVITY 3: Go for It!
̅̅̅̅̅ and 𝐶𝐺
Directions: In ∆MCG, A and I are the midpoints of 𝑀𝐺 ̅̅̅̅ ,respectively. Consider each given

information and answer the questions that follow.

1. Given: AI=5.5
Question: What is the measure of ̅̅̅̅̅? _______
𝑀𝐶
2. Given GC= 8
Question: What is the measure of ̅̅̅ ? _______
𝐶𝐼
3. Given GI= 4 and MA = 5
Question: What is the measure of MG? GC? MG + GC ? _____
4.Given AI= 17
Question: What is the measure of AI + MC? _______

16
 RUBRIC FOR ACTIVITY 1: It’s Paperellelogram!
4 points 3 point 2 points 1 point
A complete response to Good solid response
Explanation is Misses key
Understanding questions with detailed with clear
unclear. points.
explanation. explanation.
Shows complete Response shows
Shows substantial Response shows
understanding of the a complete lack
Demonstrated understanding of the some
questions, of
knowledge problem, ideas and understanding of
mathematical ideas and understanding
processes. the task.
processes. of the task.
Does not meet
Goes beyond the Meets the Hardly meets the
the
Requirements requirements of the requirements of the requirements of
requirements of
task. task. the task.
the task.

Reflection
What is your “hugot line” to
express your feelings while
answering the activities.
MG+GC=18
References
Bryant, M.L.,Bulalayao, L. E., Callanta, M.M.,Cruz,
J.D.,De Vera, R.F., Garcia, G.T., Javier, S.E.,Lazaro, R.A.,
Mesterio, B.J. &Saladino, R.H.A,(2014),
Mathematics Learner’s Material 9, FEF Printing Corp.
https://ncalculators.com/geometry/mid-points-
calculator.htm
https://virtualnerd.com/geometry/congruent-
triangles/proof-sss-sas/definition-sas-triangle-
congruence-postulate
https://slideplayer.com/slide/14709210/
https://www.learner.org/series/learning-math-
geometry/dissections-and-proof/part-c-the-midline-
theorem-55-minutes/

3. MG=10
2.4
1.11
Activity 3:

18.h
16.c
15.f
14.e
11.a
10.i
7.g
5.b
3.d
Activity 2:

vary)
(Answers may
Activity 1:
Answer Key
GC=8

Prepared by:
CRISTINE R. OPIANA
Writer

17
 MATHEMATICS 9
Name: ___________________________________Grade&Section:_____________Date: __________
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
PROVING THEOREMS ON TRAPEZOIDS
I. Background Information for Learners
These learning activity sheets serve as your self-learning guide. It contains activities which are
intended to facilitate lesson comprehension on the process of proving theorems on trapezoids.
Trapezoid is a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides. The non-parallel sides are
called the legs and the angles are called base angles. If the legs of a trapezoid are congruent, then the
trapezoid is an isosceles trapezoid. Let’s take a look at the figures below.

Fig.1 Trapezoid with its parts Fig.2 Isosceles Trapezoid with congruent legs
Similar to triangle midline theorem is a theorem for trapezoids called the
midsegment(median) theorem of trapezoid. A median or midsegment of a trapezoid is the line
segment connecting the midpoints of the two non-parallel sides (legs) of a trapezoid.

MIDSEGMENT(MEDIAN) THEOREM ON
TRAPEZOID:
A line connecting the midpoints
of the two legs of a trapezoid is parallel
to the bases, and its length is equal to
half the sum of lengths of the bases. ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑁 is the midsegment or median of the
trapezoid ABCD where

The other theorems on trapezoid are related to isosceles trapezoid. The first theorem
involves the base angles of an isosceles trapezoid.

Theorem 1: The base angles of an isosceles trapezoid are

congruent.
In isosceles trapezoid ABCD, there are two pairs of base angles.
∠𝐀 ≅ ∠𝐁 and ∠D ≅ ∠C
The second theorem involves the pair of opposite angles of an isosceles trapezoid.

Theorem 2: Opposite angles of an isosceles trapezoid are

supplementary supplementary.
In isosceles trapezoid ABCD, there are two pairs of opposite angles.
∠𝐀 + ∠𝐂 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎° ∠𝐃 + ∠𝐁 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎°

18
 ̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐵𝐷
In isosceles trapezoid ABCD, there are two diagonals which are congruent: 𝐴𝐶 ̅̅̅̅

Theorem 3: The diagonals of an isosceles trapezoid are

congruent.

The following definitions of some important terms may be of help to you:

Midline Theorem - The segment that joins the midpoints

of two sides of a triangle is parallel to the third side and
half as long.

Definition of Parallelogram - a quadrilateral with

two pairs of opposite sides that are parallel

Substitution- When two things are equal, we can replace one with the other, and we know
that the equation will still be true.
Distributive Property : a(b+c) = ab+ac
Parallel Postulate - It states that through any given point not on a line there passes exactly
one line parallel to that line in the same plane.
Symmetric Property of Congruence - If 𝐴𝐵 ̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐶𝐷
̅̅̅̅ , 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝐶𝐷
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐴𝐵
̅̅̅̅ or if ∠ABC≅∠DEF, then
∠DEF ≅∠ABC.
Same Side Interior Angles Theorem - If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then
the same side interior angles are supplementary.
Definition of Isosceles Triangle - A triangle with two equal sides.
Isosceles Triangle Theorem - If two sides of a triangle are congruent, then angles opposite
those sides are congruent.

(You may also review definition of other terms, algebraic properties, postulates, and theorems
that may help you accomplish the given activities.)

II. Learning Competency: Proves the theorems on trapezoids and kites. (M9GE-IIId-2)

ACTIVITY 1: Show Me!

MIDSEGMENT(MEDIAN) THEOREM ON TRAPEZOID:

A line connecting the midpoints of the two legs of a trapezoid is parallel to the
bases, and its length is equal to half the sum of lengths of the bases.

Directions: Prove the midsegment(median) theorem by analyzing the given situation below and
providing the reasons to the given statements that follow. You can choose the correct answers from
the box of choices at the right.
Given: Trapezoid MINS with median TR
1
Prove: ̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝑅 ∥ ̅𝐼𝑁
̅̅̅, ̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝑅 ∥ ̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑆, TR = 2 (MS + IN)

19
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1 1
1. Given CHOICES
1. TR = 2 MS + 2 𝐼𝑁
2. Draw 𝐼𝑆̅ , with P as its 2.Two points determine exactly one line. a. Midline
midpoint. Theorem on
1
3.TP = 2 MS and ̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝑃 ∥ ̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑆 3.Midline theorem on triangle IMS triangle INS
1 b. Definition of
4.PR = 2 IN and ̅̅̅̅ 𝑃𝑅 ∥ ̅𝐼𝑁
̅̅̅ 4.
Trapezoid
5. ̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑆 ∥ 𝐼𝑁̅̅̅̅ 5. c. If 2 lines are ||
̅̅̅̅
6. 𝑇𝑃 ∥ 𝐼𝑁 ̅̅̅̅ 6. to the same line,
7.𝑇𝑃̅̅̅̅ and 𝑃𝑅
̅̅̅̅ are both parallel to ̅̅̅̅ and 𝑃𝑅
7.𝑇𝑃 ̅̅̅̅ are either parallel or the they are || to
̅𝐼𝑁
̅̅̅. Thus, T,P and R are collinear. same line (definition of parallel). Since each other.
they contain a common point P, then ̅̅̅̅ 𝑇𝑃 d. Segment
̅̅̅̅ are contained in the same line.
and 𝑃𝑅 Addition Postulate
8.TR = TP + PR 8. e. Distributive
1 1 property of
9.TR = MS + IN 9.Substitution
2 2
1 equality
10.TR = (MS + IN) 10.
2

Let’s Do Some Exercise V.1!

Directions: Answer the following questions. Refer to the figure at the right.

1. If BA=24cm and DC=26cm, find the length of ̅̅̅̅

𝐾𝐹 ? _____
2. If BA=10cm and DC=12cm, find the length of 𝐾𝐹 ̅̅̅̅ ? _____
3. Find the length of the middle base of the trapezoid whose
parallel bases measures 14 cm and 46 cm. ______
4. Suppose that DC=26cm and KF=25cm.What is the
measure of BA ? _______

ACTIVITY 2: Show Me!

Theorem 1: The base angles of an isosceles trapezoid are congruent.

Directions: Analyze the given situation and provide the reasons to the given statements below. Choose
the correct answers from the box of choices at the right.
Given: Isosceles Trapezoid AMOR , MO ∥ AR
Prove: ∠A =∠R, ∠AMO =∠O
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1.Isosceles Trapezoid 1.Given CHOICES
AMOR, MO ∥ AR a.Symmetric Property
2.AM ≅ OR; MO || AR 2. b.Substitution
c.Base angles of an isosceles trapezoid are ≅
3.From M, draw ME 3.Parallel Postulate
d.Definition of an isosceles triangle
|| OR where E lies on
e.Parallelogram Property
AR.
f. Definition of Isosceles Trapezoid
4. MORE is a 4.Definition of
g.Supplements of congruent angles are ≅
parallelogram. parallelogram

20
 ̅̅̅̅ ≅ OR
5.ME ̅̅̅̅ 5.
̅̅̅̅
6.OR ≅ ME̅̅̅̅ 6.Symmetric Property
̅̅̅̅̅ ≅ ME
7.AM ̅̅̅̅ 7.Transitive Property (Statement 2 and 6)
8.∆AME is an isosceles triangle. 8.
9.∠1 ≅ ∠A 9.
10.∠1 ≅ ∠R 10.Corresponding angles are congruent
11.∠R ≅ ∠A 11.
12.∠A ≅ ∠R 12.
13. ∠A and ∠AMO are supplementary angles. 13.Interior angles, MO || AR
∠O and ∠R are supplementary angles.
14.∠AMO ≅ ∠O 14.

Let’s Do Some Exercise V.2!

Directions: Let’s apply the theorem on isosceles trapezoid by answering the following questions.

1. In isosceles trapezoid TRAP, if the degree measure

of ∠P = 60 degrees. What is the measure of ∠A?
2. Refer to isosceles trapezoid TRAP. The measure
of ∠T is 115 degrees, what is the measure of ∠R?
3. Refer to isosceles trapezoid TRAP.
If the measure of ∠P is 35 degrees, then the measure
of ∠A is _________.
4. If ∠P measures 30 degrees, which of the other angles
also measures 30 degrees?

ACTIVITY 3: Show Me!

Theorem 2: Opposite angles of an isosceles trapezoid are supplementary.

Given: Isosceles Trapezoid ARTS

Prove: ∠ART and ∠S are supplementary CHOICES
∠A and ∠T are supplementary a. Definition of Isosceles
trapezoid
Proof: b.parallelogram property
c.isosceles triangle theorem
d.base angles of an isosceles
Statements Reasons triangle are congruent
1.Isosceles Trapezoid ARTS 1.Given e.substitution
̅̅̅̅ ≅ TS
2.AR ̅̅̅; RT
̅̅̅̅ ≅ AS̅̅̅̅ 2. f.definition of supplementary
3.From R, draw ̅̅̅̅ RE ∥ ̅̅̅
TS 3. angles
where E lies on AS.̅̅̅̅ g.Same Side Interior Angles
4.REST is a parallelogram 4.Definition of Theorem
parallelogram h.angle addition postulate
̅̅̅ ≅ RE
5.TS ̅̅̅̅ 5. i.interior angle sum theorem
6.AR ≅ ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ RE 6.Transitive Property on triangle
7. ∆ARE is an isosceles 7. j.definition of isosceles
triangle. triangle
8.∠3 ≅ ∠A 8. k.parallel postulate

21
 9.m∠1 + m∠3 + m∠A 9.
10.∠3 ≅ ∠2 10.Alternate interior angles are congruent
11.∠A ≅ ∠S 11.
12.m∠1 + m∠2 + m∠S 12.Substitution (statement 9,10&11)
13.∠1 + ∠2 = ∠ART 13.
14.m∠ART + m∠S 14.
15.m∠S + m∠T 15.
16.m∠A + m∠T 16.Substitution
18. ∠ART and ∠S are supplementary 17.
∠A and ∠T are supplementary

Let’s Do Some Exercise V.3!

Directions: Let’s apply the theorem on isosceles trapezoid by answering the following questions.

1. In isosceles trapezoid TRAP, the degree measure

of ∠P= 60 degrees. What is the measure of ∠R?
2.In isosceles trapezoid TRAP, if the degree measure
of ∠T = 120 degrees. What is the measure of ∠A?
3. Find the measure of x in the given figure below at the right.
4.In degrees, find the measure of the sum of angles x and y in the given figure below.

ACTIVITY 4: Show Me!

Theorem 3: The diagonals of an isosceles trapezoid are congruent.

Given: Isosceles Trapezoid ROMA

̅̅̅̅̅ ≅ AO
Prove: RM ̅̅̅̅

Proof:
Statements Reasons CHOICES
1. 1.Given Statements:
a.Isosceles Trapezoid ROMA
̅̅̅̅ ≅ MA
2.OR ̅̅̅̅̅ 2. b.∆ROM ≅ ∆AMO
Reasons:
3.∠ROM ≅ ∠AMO 3.
a. Definition of isosceles
̅̅̅̅̅ ≅ ̅̅̅̅̅
4.OM MO 4. trapezoid
b. CPCTC
5. 5. SAS Congruence Postulate
c. base angles of an isosceles
̅̅̅̅̅ ≅ AO
6.RM ̅̅̅̅ 6. triangle are congruent
d. reflexive property

22
 Let’s Do Some Exercise V.4!

Directions: Let’s apply the theorem on isosceles trapezoid by answering the following questions.
Refer to the given figure at the right.

1. In isosceles trapezoid ROMA, what is the measure of ̅̅̅̅AO

̅̅̅̅̅ measures 20cm? ______
if RM
2. What is measure of ̅̅̅̅AE , if ̅̅̅̅̅
RM measures 20cm and ̅̅̅̅ OE
measures 15cm? ______
3. What is the measure of RM ̅̅̅̅̅, if AE
̅̅̅̅ measures 8cm and OE
̅̅̅̅
measures 12cm? ______
4. What is measure of OE ̅̅̅̅ , if RM
̅̅̅̅̅ measures 22cm and AE̅̅̅̅
measures 9cm? ______

Congratulations! You’ve completed proving the theorems on trapezoids.

References
Reflection
Bryant, M.L., Bulalayao, L. E., Callanta, M.M.,Cruz, J.D.,De Vera, R.F.,
Garcia, G.T., Javier, S.E.,Lazaro, R.A., Mesterio, B.J. &Saladino,
Write a short lyrics from a certain R.H.A,(2014), Mathematics Learner’s Material 9, FEF Printing Corp.
song that represents your feelings https://www.wyzant.com/resources/lessons/math/geometry/quad
while answering the activities. rilaterals/trapezoids_and_kites
https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/trapezoid-median.html
https://www.ck12.org/geometry/properties-of-equality-and-
congruence/lesson/Properties-of-Equality-and-Congruence-BSC-
GEOM/
https://mathbitsnotebook.com/Geometry/Quadrilaterals/QDTrapKi
4. 13cm 4.120° 4. 24cm 4. ∠A te.html#:~:text=DEFINITION%3A%20An%20isosceles%20trapezoid%
3. 20cm 3. 108° 3. 30cm 3. 35°
20is,it%20is%20an%20isosceles%20trapezoid.
2. 5cm 2. 60° 2. 11cm 2. 115°
https://sciencestruck.com/geometry-terms
1. 20cm 1. 120° 1. 25cm 1. 60°
V.4 V.3 V.1! V.2 https://www.nagwa.com/en/worksheets/723150624896/#:~:text=
Let’s Do Some Exercise True%20or%20False%3A%20The%20midsegment,two%20bases%2
0of%20the%20trapezoid.&text=%F0%9D%90%B4%20%F0%9D%90
Reasons: 2.a; 3.c; 4.d; 6.b
%B5%20%F0%9D%90%B6%20%F0%9D%90%B7%20is,%F0%9D%90
Statements: 1.a;5.b
Activity 4: %B4%20%F0%9D%90%B7%20and%20%F0%9D%90%B5%20%F0%9
15.g; 17.f D%90%B6%20.
2.a; 3.k; 5.b; 7.j; 8.c; 9.i; 11.d; 13.h; 14.e; https://www.freemathhelp.com/feliz-trapezoids.html
Activity 3:
2. f; 5. e; 8. d; 9. c; 11. b;12. a; 14. g
Activity 2:
4.a; 5. b; 6. c; 8. d; 10. e
Activity 1:
Answer Key

Prepared by:
CRISTINE R. OPIANA

23
 MATHEMATICS 9
Name: ___________________________________Grade&Section:_____________Date: __________
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
PROVING THEOREMS ON KITE
I. Background Information for Learners
A kite is also a quadrilateral with two distinct pairs of adjacent sides that are congruent.
Kites have two pairs of congruent sides that meet at two different points.

In kite ABCD,
Segment AB is adjacent and congruent to segment BC.
Segments AD and CD are also adjacent and congruent.

Kites also have a couple of properties that will help us identify them from other quadrilaterals

(1) The diagonals of a kite meet at a right angle.

(2) Kites have exactly one pair of opposite angles that are congruent.

̅ and ̅̅̅̅̅
In kite JKLM, the diagonals 𝐽𝐿 𝐾𝑀 are perpendicular.
And, the two opposite angles that are congruent are ∠JKL and ∠JML

Now, let’s familiarize first the two theorems on kite that we are going to prove later.

Theorem 1: In a kite, the perpendicular bisector of at least

one diagonal is the other diagonal.

̅̅̅̅ ≅
In kite ABCD, 𝐵𝐷 bisects 𝐴𝐶. Therefore, 𝐴𝑋
̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝑋

Theorem 2: The area of a kite is half the product of the

lengths of its diagonals (𝐷1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐷2 ).

Example: If RP = 8 and QS = 6 , then by using theorem,

1
Area of Kite PQRS = 2 [(D1 )(D2 )]

1
Area of Kite PQRS = 2 [(8)(6)]

1
Area of Kite PQRS = 2 [(48)]
1
Area of Kite = 2 [(𝐷1 )(𝐷2 )]
Area of Kite PQRS = 24

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 The following definition of some important terms may be of help to you:

Adjacent sides - are sides of a polygon that have a common

vertex.
Reflexive Property - Any algebraic or geometric item is equal in
value to itself. ̅̅̅̅
𝑨𝑩 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝑨𝑩 or ∠B ≅∠B SSS Congruence Postulate:
SSS (Side-Side-Side) Congruence Postulate - states that if the
three sides of one triangle are congruent to the three sides of
another triangle, then the triangles are congruent.
of one triangle are congruent to the corresponding two sides
and the included angle of another triangle, then the triangles are Area Addition
Postulate: Area of Figure=
Area A+AreaB+Area C
congruent
Area Addition Postulate - states that if we have two shapes that
do not overlap, the total area equals the sum of the areas of the
individual shapes
(You may also review definition
Associative Property - (a + b) + c = a + (b + c) in addition, and (a of other terms, algebraic
properties, postulates, and
• b) •c = (a • b) •c in multiplication theorems that may help you
accomplish the given activities.)

II. Learning Competency: Proves the theorems on trapezoids and kites. (M9GE-IIId-2)

ACTIVITY 1: Show Me!

Theorem 1: In a kite, the perpendicular bisector of at least one diagonal is the other diagonal.
Given: Kite JKLM
̅ and ̅̅̅̅̅
diagonals 𝐽𝐿 𝐾𝑀 are perpendicular.
̅ is the perpendicular bisector of 𝐾𝑀
Prove: 𝐽𝐿 ̅̅̅̅̅ .

Proof:
Statements Reasons
1.Kite JKLM 1.Given
CHOICES
̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐽𝑀
2.𝐽𝐾 ̅̅̅̅ ; 𝐾𝐿
̅̅̅̅ ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝐿 2.
3..𝐽𝐿 ≅ 𝐽𝐿 ; 𝐽𝑁 ≅ 𝐽𝑁̅
̅ ̅ ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅ 3. a. Reflexive Property
4.∆JML ≅ ∆JKL 4 b. Definition of Kite
5.∠MJL ≅ ∠KJL 5.CPCTC c. SSS (Side-Side-Side)
6.∆JMN ≅ ∆JKN 6. Congruence Postulate
̅̅̅̅̅ ≅ ̅̅̅̅̅
7.𝑀𝑁 𝐾𝑁 7. d. SAS (Side-Angle-
̅ is the perpendicular
8. 𝐽𝐿 8.A segment bisector forms two Side) Congruence
bisector of ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐾𝑀 . congruent segments. Postulate
e. CPCTC

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 ACTIVITY 2: Show Me!

Theorem 2: The area of a kite is half the product of the lengths of its diagonals (𝐷1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐷2 ).
Given: Kite PQRS
1
Prove: Area of kite PQRS = (QS)(PR)
2

Proof:
Statements Reasons
CHOICES
1.Kite PQRS 1.
2.QS ⊥ RP 2. a. Substitution
3.Area of kite PQRS = Area of ∆QRS + Area of 3.Area Addition b. Associative
∆QPS Postulate Property
1 c. SAP (Segment
4.Area of ∆QRS = 2 (QS)(RP) 4.Area Formula for
1 ∆s Addition
Area of ∆QPS = 2 (QS)(RP) Postulate)
1 1
5.Substitution d. Given
5.Area of kite PQRS = (QS)(RO) + (QS)(OP)
2 2 e.The diagonals of
1
6.Area of kite PQRS = 2 (QS)(RO + OP) 6. a kite are
7.RO + OP = RP 7. perpendicular to
1 each other.
8.Area of kite PQRS = 2 (QS)(RP) 8.
Congratulations! You’ve just completed the proof of the theorems on kite. This theorem can
be applied to solve problems. Try the activity that follows.
Activity: Play a Kite
Directions: Consider the figure at the right and answer the given questions.
Given: Quadrilateral PLAY is a kite.

1. Given: PA = 12 cm; LY = 6 cm 2. Given: Area of kite PLAY = 135 cm2 ;

Questions: LY = 9 cm
• What is the area of kite PLAY? Questions:
• What theorem justifies your • How long is PA?
answer? • What theorem justifies your answer?

Reflection
What #word best describes your
feelings while doing the activity?
2. PA = 30 cm, theorem 2(Kite)
1. Area of Kite PLAY= 36 cm2 , Theorem 2(KIte)
Activity: Play a Kite
ACTIVITY 2: Show Me! 1.d; 2.e; 6.b; 7.c; 8.a
ACTIVITY 1: Show Me! 2.b; 3.a; 4.c; 6.d; 7.e
Answer Key
References
Bryant, M.L.,Bulalayao, L. E., Callanta, M.M.,Cruz, J.D.,De Vera, R.F.,
Garcia, G.T., Javier, S.E.,Lazaro, R.A., Mesterio, B.J. &Saladino,
R.H.A,(2014), Mathematics Learner’s Material 9, FEF Printing
Corp.
https://www.wyzant.com/resources/lessons/math/geometry/quad
rilaterals/trapezoids_and_kites
https://mathbitsnotebook.com/Geometry/Quadrilaterals/QDTrapK
ite.html#:~:text=DEFINITION%3A%20An%20isosceles%20trapezoid
%20is,it%20is%20an%20isosceles%20trapezoid.
https://www.wyzant.com/resources/lessons/math/geometry/quad
rilaterals/trapezoids_and_kites
https://byjus.com/area-of-a-kite-
formula/#:~:text=Formula%20for%20Area%20of%20a,_%7B1%7D
D_%7B2%7D
https://slideplayer.com/slide/12361799/

Prepared by:
CRISTINE R. OPIANA

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