1.

Emergence of Ecological Crisis:

In 21st century is understanding the human-causes of climate change by everyone;

because it is the collective impact of human behaviors that are contributing for climate change
and environmental deterioration. Nowadays, all over the earth, we observe a growing attack to
the environment’s safety in spite of the ecological balance that it is required, which leads to a
catastrophe that might extinct humanity. The indiscriminate exploitation of nature’s resources
for the extraction of raw materials that are used for consumption is of concern, especially when
we associate life quality and well-being with the belonging of products whose production comes
from such extractions, which, by the way, cause direct damage to the environment. The problem
takes on emergency proportions due to the negligence of the society, and even as a result of
your underestimation about the collapse that the insistence of current patterns of exploitation of
nature will lead to, creating social imbalance and The environmental problems in the shape of
global warming, air pollution, noise and loss of diversity brings back a fundamental root cause
as human behavior.

2. Human Psychology and Environment:

Human beings apart from addressing their basic needs such as food, cloth, and shelter they
do like to fulfill their additional desires. Therefore, the distinction between the needs and desire
stands as the foundation of studying environmental psychology. In this context, Tay and Diener
has said that “While needs can be regarded as a relatively inflexible part of people's
consumption, wants in the form of desire are more adaptable, as they are shaped by the
perception of what is considered important or valuable in a culture”.

There are a plenty of frameworks explaining low cost behaviour and actions with
environmental intent has been brought out by environmental psychologists, Doherty has stated
the fact that psychologists despite having many skills and roles that may potentially create
opportunities for influencing pro-environmental behaviors they have been unable to bring the
root causes of environmental despair, One of the reason may be because of the members from
psychological community have traditionally not seen themselves as having a central role in
addressing environmental issues and augmenting pro-environmental behavior.1

3. The Environmental Crisis:

a. Growth Running Wild:

This is an age of rampaging growth – growth in production and con sumption,

sales and profits, population and power. Unchecked population increases exponentially
for example, technological and economic expansion often takes place even more rapidly.

1
L.K.Jana, B. Behera, “Environmental Crisis and Human Well-Being: A Review,” International Journal of
Development and Sustainalbility 6/8 (Nov – 2019): 561.
Because of increasing population, increasing consumer demands, and in. creasing
technological achievements, the engine of the economy races on, running wild. But, with
all this growth scarcely questioned by the popular mind – come also rapidly increasing
pollution, depletion of non renewable resources, population pressures, social injustice,
and deterioration in the quality of life. Since the earth is finite, with a limited supply of
air, water, and places to dump refuse, there is an inevitable breaking-point beyond which
even the most sophisticated technology cannot rescue us.

b. Pollution:

Pollution of air, water, soil, and sound is a daily experience for nearly every North
American. Individuals, municipalities, industries often poison their environments with
only a minimum of restraints, hardly considering the impact of their practices on human
beings and the rest of the natural world. The serious solid waste problem, for example,
results not only from governmental and industrial neglect but from the public’s desire for
the convenience of a throw-away of life. Pollution is also a global problem. The currents
of the atmosphere and the oceans carry harm substances from contaminated areas to the
most remote places of f the earth. This is particularly serious with long-lived pesticides,
radioactive fallout, and ecological damage caused by war.

c. Depletion of Natural Resources:

Breathable air and drinkable water, the resources most to life, are diminishing in
quantity and quality. There is an irreplaceable reduction of reduction of minerals, open
spaces and forests because of the insatiable human demand for raw materials and room
for factories and housing. Technology’s best efforts to develop new food sources are
frustrated by the pace of population growth, the diminution of arable land, and the injury
done to the productivity of soil by some chemical applications. These and other forms of
resource depletion cause severe damage to plants, animals, and human beings as they
push hard on the limits of the earth’s Ecosystems.

d. Population Pressures:
If there were no more people in the world than in the time of Christ, estimated to be
about ½ billion, the destructive effects of pollution and exhaustion of resources would be
minimal. Since population has grown exponentially, experts project that if this trend
continues in the same manner, the earth’s population, about 3.7 billion in 1971, will rise
to about 7 billion by the 2000-a dangerously crowded planet.

Although the population growth rate in net. The United States is and less than in
many other lands, even in these countries the anticipated in creases will cause severe
problems. Most frightening, however, is the effect of North American growth upon the
 rest of the world. The United States alone, with only six per cent of the world’s
population, is responsible for at least one-third of the world’s consumption of non
renewable resources. Population pressures enormously complicate all other facets of the
ecological crisis. The stark fact is that, if the responsible decision of people does not
result in population limitation, the ghastly alternatives of famine and disease, crime d
violence and war will do it in their own ways.

e. Social Injustice:
The human crisis in ecology is an enormously complex and urgent problem. It is
understood only when the dimension of social injustice is taken seriously. When take
their poisons of pollution and the explosion of population impact falls most heavily upon
the poor, certain groups, and others who are already oppressed by many of the most
crushing problems of today. The unequal distribution of wealth and resources both within
and among nations results in injustices which cry out for redress. Too often an
overemphasis on the private sector has diminished the ability of government to work
effectively for justice. Too often the power of technology has been used by some nations
and by some groups within nations to dominate others, thus widening the chasm between
the “haves” and the “have nots.” The struggle for the earth’s resources and the tensions of
urbanized living will became increasingly potent causes of domestic violence and
international war. The issues of social justice are profoundly involved in the ecological
crisis.2

4. Environmental Ethical Challenge:

A wide discussion is observed about the mission of environmental ethics, and several
authors are dedicated to the analysis of its object and its proposition of solutions to human
development, despites of ethical solutions aimed at environmental protection, making
proposals for paradigm changes in the relationship of the man with nature. Environmental
Ethics, says Nalini, can be defined as the application of social ethics to questions of behavior
in relation to the environment. In fact, for him, the crisis is not an environmental crisis, but a
crisis of human values, of ethics in all dimensions, which brings up new thoughts, new
conflicts, new possibilities, new solutions and new behaviors against the planet. Therefore,
the challenge for the new Environmental Ethics is, according to Nalini, the need for an
adequate environmental education, which plays a fundamental role in the knowledge process,
in the modification of pro-environmental values and conduct and, mainly, in the lengthy
process of social awareness, by training for an awareness of the acts performed.3

Bibliography:
2
“Ethical Crisis in Ecology,”, (New York: Madison Avenue, 1979), 1-3.
3
Nalini, “Etica ambiental”. 3rd edt. (Campinas: Millenium, 2010), 65.
Jana, L.K. B. Behera, “Environmental Crisis and Human Well-Being: A Review,” International
Journal of Development and Sustainalbility 6/8. Nov – 2019.

“Ethical Crisis in Ecology.” New York: Madison Avenue, 1979.

Nalini, “Ethical ambiental”. 3rd edt. Campinas: Millenium, 2010.