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Its base was previously rather undercut, but it is not known at present whether or not the demolition
is a consequence of storm damage, or whether there is some other reason. At the back of the cove
look for a Middle Chalk zone fossil, the bivalve - Mytiloides labiatus Schlotheim. Kennedy (1970)
classified as Cenomanian-Turonian and assigned the lower part to the zone of Metoicoceras
geslinianum and the upper to the zone of Metoicoceras gourdoni. In fluvial environments it is often
concentrated as the iron carbonate siderite, rather than pyrite, the iron sulphide, because of relative
deficiency of sulphate ions that are available in abundance in seawater (sulphate-reducing bacteria
convert the sulphate to sulphide and then iron is trapped by the sulphide ions as pyrite). This was the
rise in sea-level from about 140 metres down to the present level within about the last 10,000 years.
The website does not necessarily represent the views of Southampton University. Fortunately, such
falls are very rare so the risk of walking past the site is usually very small. Lulworth Cove parking
can be really busy during the popular months, so I would suggest getting there before 11 am as the
car park fills up quickly and the single road leading up to the Lulworth Cove develops a queue.
Occasionally something of importance may need to be collected for laboratory investigation or a rare
fossil may be destroyed by erosion if left in the cliffs. In general it cannot be reached without
climbing, although the top can be seen by an easy scramble at the. It passes up transitionally into the
Upper Greensand, gradually becoming more sandy and greener and more glauconitic. It is not
drowned as an estuary, and it is not truncated as at Scratchy Bottom. It is appreciably cross-bedded
and the lignite drapes on foresets and in small channels. In providing field guides on the Internet no
person is advised here to undertake geological field work in any way that might involve them in
unreasonable risk from cliffs, ledges, rocks, sea or other causes. To be on the safe side I moved off
some distance, rather further from the cove than I had anticipated in the first instance. To the east of
the cove is the famous Fossil Forest with moulds of fossil trees from the Jurassic-Cretaceous
boundary and a fossil soil. No less than 23 m have been lost in that short distance. This would not be
very significant, as it would be unlikely, of course, that the beach was straight but for the fact that the
Budleigh Salterton quartzites (conspicuous liver-coloured pebbles derived from the Triassic Budleigh
Salterton pebble bed in Devon) occur on the shore in Lulworth Cove. The boulders can be seen at
low tide and they consist of fairly hard chalk containing flints. All of these aspects help to create
Lulworth cove in becoming a beautiful Tourist Honey pot site. The physical attractions of Dorset's
Jurassic Coast. Geological fieldwork involves some level of risk, which can be reduced by
knowledge, experience and appropriate safety precautions. So, although the Albian was deposited
round about the end of this phase, the switch to the compressional phase may not have been
completed at that time. Other interpretation of the crumples have involved collapse ( Phillips, 1964 )
or gravity movement (Lees in Phillips, 1964 )(if there was space at this low level for the material to
slump into!). There is no other direction in which it could have flowed and the size of its valley is too
great for it to have been a very recent feature. The only danger I could forsee would be getting them
off the vessel in which they had been taking passage and in to the Cove itself. The Lulworth area is
an excellent area for the study of faults. The Lower Chalk is greyer and harder than the typical white
chalk and has a significant clay content. Perhaps, this small scallop and Aequipecten asper were able
to swim as many modern scallops do by flapping their valves and thus avoiding being buried in the
sand. The fault is one of the largest in southern England, it marks the boundary of the English
Channel Inversion and is connected to a deep basement structure. (Incidently, in the Purbeck Unio
Bed of Stair Hole you can see the evidence of earthquake liquifaction associated with a Late
Kimmerian precursor of this fault.
Normal (extensional) and reversed (compressional) faults in horizontal or nearly horizontal strata and
simple thrust faults are easily understood. Lulworth Cove is a shingle beach with amazing views out
on the Purbeck Isles and features some the well know and beautiful Lulworth Cove formations on
the rocks. Geological fieldwork involves some level of risk, which can be reduced by knowledge,
experience and appropriate safety precautions. Exposures of the strata indicated in the map above
can be seen in aerial photographs. Here is the junction, between the rather weathered (and therefore
rather brownish in the photograph) Upper Greensand and the Chalk. Initially it was thought that the
child had serious spinal injuries, but yesterday he was discharged from hospital, a Coastguard
spokesman confirmed. See accurate and technical cross-sections for details. The Lulworth Crumples,
one of which is shown here, are small folds always in the Middle and Upper Purbeck strata and
within the north limb of the major monocline. Because the strata are steeply folded the stratum is
almost vertical and is overturned in some places. See also: Wealden at the west side of Lulworth
Cove. Fossils such as Exogyra obliquata bivalves and serpulid worm tubes are common, although
often at beach level good fossils have often been removed by collectors. The boys worked very hard
in the heat wave conditions. There are beaches at the mouth of Lulworth and Stair Hole at this height
and so the sea may have flooded the area. A variety of the locations within Lulworth Cove that
shown particular structural features of interest are shown below in a series of photographs. So,
although the Albian was deposited round about the end of this phase, the switch to the
compressional phase may not have been completed at that time. This is actually the great fault of the
English Channel Inversion Structure, and is the most important fault in the region. Occasionally
something of importance may need to be collected for laboratory investigation or a rare fossil may be
destroyed by erosion if left in the cliffs. It still continues: London and the East Coast is still going
down (note Thames Barrier). Just bear in mind that they sell out very quickly so you will have to
book well in advance. The beach cafe is being demolished at the time of the photographs. There have
probably been various studies of clay mineralogy in different, specific strata that are present at
Lulworth Cove. Each accepted a cigarette, and we started on our journey to Ringwood. The
interpretation of the faults in the field is not easy because of limited exposures. The dinocysts are
interesting; these are late Albian. From knowledge of other studies in the region, this appears to be a
good summary account with reliable conclusions, although, unfortunately, I am not now in contact
with the original author. The general geomorphological features of Lulworth Cove are not unique. I
was to make a necessity to be in my local at 8.45 pm. Friday. - I was just about to order my second
drink when, to my relief, I was called to the telephone. An opportunity to get out of London, enjoy
less polluted countryside views and enjoy the outdoor activities available on the beautiful Dorset
coast. The general stratigraphy, sedimentology and origin of the Chalk is not discussed here in detail.
It also occurs in the Portland Sand, and there is an anomalous freshwater variety present in the Upper
Purbeck strata of Lulworth Cove, and elsewhere.
It is used by numerous universities, colleges, schools and societies and there are geological parties
there almost every day of the year. The simple maps shown here are intended for initial introduction.
What,if any, is the relationship to the Bay of Biscay. Here is an interesting fault system at the contact
between Upper Greensand and Lower Chalk at the eastern end of the Chalk section at the back of
Lulworth Cove. The Lower Chalk is greyer and harder than the typical white chalk and has a
significant clay content. None of these was major and all were smaller than cliff falls which have
taken place recently at Lyme Regis. Another problem is that of whether or not there is a rollover
anticline in the pre-Gault strata. The Chalk at the back of Lulworth Cove is now considered. For
more recent information on the ending of the Cretaceous extensional phase see the petroleum
geology literature. The incoherent sands and clays of the Wealden have been more extensively eroded
to produce the circular shape of the cove. He suggested layer parallel extension during draping over
reactivated Jurassic growth faults during N-S shortening. This is needed to obtain the necessary
burial depths for oil generation from the source rocks (about 3 km giving a temperature of about 100
degrees C). This is a good map for showing proven and hypothetical faults not indicated on other,
simpler, maps. The paper of Bevan (1985) is useful. (A problem of non-compatibility with the old
work of Phillips (1964) means that caution exercised in interpreting the Lulworth Crumples of Stair
Hole in Phillips' terms.). We ran through the procedure for getting the two ashore. As shown on the
topographic map, the village, slipway and jetty are at the low northwestern part of the cove. Again,
as it was not the peak season, there were not as many cars and therefore, fewer people as many
people would have been at work or school etc. Localities east of those described in this particular
guide (the Fossil Forest and Mupe Bay etc.) are in the military firing ranges, which are open most
but not all weekends. Small echinoids ( Caratomus, Salenia, Hyposalenia, Discoidea ) are fairly
common in certain other exposures where there has not been too heavy collecting. It was a lovely
evening so far as wind and sea were concerned: in fact, conditions couldn't have been better. The
support and encouragement during the development of these pages by the staff of the National
Oceanography Centre, Southampton (formerly Southampton Oceanography Centre) is very much
appreciated. We will be looking at buildings in Lulworths village and around the town of Swanage to
see whether the council are modernising the villages or keeping them beautiful tourist sites. A better
place to study the sandstones, though, is Worbarrow Bay. For mesofaults (shears etc) examine the
Chalk particularly at St. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.
The lowest mark was given as a 3 at the Cark Park but taking all into consideration there is not a lot
the council can do to reduce the noise pollution in this area, especially when there is so many tourists
visiting the cove. They are mostly only one or two centimetres in length and of a light brown colour.
It does, however, include an enlargement of the area south of the cove which is based on the work of
Donovan and Stride (1961). The Plenus Marl at Lulworth Cove is about 1.83m (6 feet) thick. The
characteristic belemnite is Actinocamax plenus, although this fossil is not easy to find. The boulders
can be seen at low tide and they consist of fairly hard chalk containing flints.
The Upper Cretaceous Chalk is very well-known as a fine grained coccolith limestone that is usually
relatively soft. Eroded specimens might just be found, so some examples of Chalk and other
Cretaceous echinoids are shown here. In older literature this is referred to as Exogyra conica (J.
Sowerby). Although elsewhere in Dorset it is almost 3 metres thick, in the Lulworth area it only
about a metre It contains Pecten (scallop) bivalves of which a part is visible in the photograph. Some
early interpretations (Strahan, 1898) showed one and those of intermediate date none. Dorset was by
now well-separated from America by the growing North Atlantic. Lulworth Cove directions from
Durdle are also fairly easy to follow, although there are plenty of people moving between the two
that if you miss a turn like we did, there is always someone to ask for help. The key work on this
subject is the impressive seismic study of Underhill and Paterson (1998) - Genesis of tectonic
inversion structures: seismic evidence for the development of key structures along the Purbeck - Isle
of Wight Disturbance, Journal of the Geological Society, London, vol. 155. This paper provides
various accurate sections through the Purbeck Disturbance, and is essential reading. The fault is one
of the largest in southern England, it marks the boundary of the English Channel Inversion and is
connected to a deep basement structure. (Incidently, in the Purbeck Unio Bed of Stair Hole you can
see the evidence of earthquake liquifaction associated with a Late Kimmerian precursor of this fault.
We need to consider this because what is now Portland Harbour (originally Portland Roads) was a
possible route of Ipswichian sea entry into the area. With regard to the orientation of the fault plane
and type of displacement, it seems to be an F5 on Arkell's classification. On television we have the
holiday programs showing both cheap and expensive ideas for all types of holidays all over the
world, at the moment they like to show relatively unknown resorts that will soon be discovered and
turn into another “Tourist Honey Pot Site”. The English Channel was dry but where did the local
streams extend to. This paper makes interesting reading, summarises earlier evidence and provides
references to most of the earlier publications. The cove attracts visitors of all types, more than a
million visitors a year at present ( House, 1996 ). At this time, too, the temperature was relatively
high for the palaeolatitude. The cove is a feature that has developed at a site of river-breach ( Poole,
1987). Falls from the source beds high in the cliff are very rare. It is compact, very easy to get to, and
has all necessary facilities including an interpretation centre. From knowledge of other studies in the
region, this appears to be a good summary account with reliable conclusions, although, unfortunately,
I am not now in contact with the original author. Each accepted a cigarette, and we started on our
journey to Ringwood. It is a very popular tourist area and pubs and cafes are situated in the village
near to the cove. The trend of these raised beaches is northeast - directly in the direction of the Fossil
Forest. In particular, Tonya Loades of Bartley West, Chartered Surveyors has provided much help
with the website and with associated organisational matters. This particularly applies to aerial
photographs, but also to some sets of field photographs. This unit is mostly of Albian age
(Cretaceous) and is about 40 metres thick in this area. More detail is given in sections on specific
formations. The chart above gives the terminology of the Chalk in both old traditional terms and in
new lithostratigraphic nomenclature of of Mortimore and of the British Geological Survey. It seems
unlikely but some small movement on this fault could have destabilised the adjacent cliff. Above are
given a diagrammatic geological cross-section through strata and faults of Lulworth Cove. It is
compact, very easy to get to, and has all necessary facilities including an interpretation centre.
Changes have taken place fairly recently at the base of the Chalk Cliffs at the back of Lulworth
Cove. The Chalk at the back of Lulworth Cove is now considered. It is shown in the geological map
above and on the general cross-section. See also: Moore, E. J. 2000. Fossil Shells from Western
Oregon: A Guide to Identification. The bed is an example of a fairly mature pebble bed and the
components are mostly composed of silica, notable for its resistance. A modified version of a very
good cross-section by House follows. The reason that the Upper Greensand, with its boulder bed, is
of rather unusual facies here is probably because it was deposited on a residual Late Kimmerian swell
or high, even though it is, of course, above the basal Gault (main Late Kimmerian) unconformity.
One of these is the easterly plunge of the monocline. The general geomorphological features of
Lulworth Cove are not unique. Ater that distinctive and peculiar bed we encounter the main cyclical
sequence of the Cenomanian or Lower Chalk. For details of stratigraphic classification see the
diagrams above and refer to the paper of Drummond (1970) which contains much of interest to
anyone studying the Lulworth area. It can be studied at all levels from beginner level with basic
geomorphology, to inversion tectonics and isotope geochemistry and spectral gamma ray logging. It
has good facilities for visiting geologists, including a Heritage Centre and shops with books, maps
and guides. Boreholes and offshore investigations have helped. The section above is a very
simplified and diagrammatic cross-section to explain the main features without showing the details.
Can you see a problem with such an attempted explanation. See Cleevely and Morris (2002) for more
information on Inoceramid taxonomy. This ties in with the reduction in thickness of the Gault in the
Lulworth Area; presumably the lower beds are missing. In the Late Cretaceous, pelagic chalks spread
from the more usual ocean environment onto the continental shelf and epicontinental seas of northern
Europe as a result of a major rise in sea-level. The Lower Chalk is greyer and harder than the typical
white chalk and has a significant clay content. Further east in the Weald area, the Gault Clay is a
black clay about 30 to 80 m in thickness. Although little seems to have come down recently, at
distant intervals of time it seems that some debris falls from the scar providing new boulders for the
Black Rocks. Discussion of geological and geomorphological features, coast erosion, coastal retreat,
storm surges etc are given here for academic and educational purposes only. In general, Lulworth
Cove does not seem to have suffered the level of damage that took place at the Chesil Beach, Hurst
Spit and at Dawlish, Devon. Thus, there are no crumples in the Gault and Greensand ( West, 1964).
In this post, I am going to share a little about our Lulworth Cove Walks. At its maximum extent, the
Chalk Sea probably covered all of the British Isles except the Scottish highlands (see Gale and
Kennedy, 2002) for more information). Do not try to climb the cliffs, particularly those of Chalk.
Wright ( in Arkell, 1947) commented that it is so faulted that only about 9.14m (30 feet) remain.
Durdle Door beach itself was so crowded that the group decided to use Man o’ War Bay instead to
measure beach profiles and perform data sampling tasks.
If you look carefully at the small channel-like feature in one of these you will some ichnofossils or
trace fossils. Photographs here show the suggested location of the source of the Black Rock
boulders, but even if this is correct there are many interesting problems. Wright (in Arkell, 1947 )
referred to the occurrence on the beach of boulders from the Holaster planus zone, now the
Sternotaxis planus Zone of the Lewes Nodular Chalk. The original paper should be consulted for
more information. In the height of summer the area around the cove and Stair Hole has numerous
visitors. There have been earthquakes here but it was a very long time ago.). Some more specialist
readers may wish to see the area in terms of both onshore and offshore geology (not shown on the
map here). Bones of dinosaurs are sometimes found in channel deposits like this. This new evidence
is consistent with the better of the older views, but eliminates some unsatisfactory hypotheses. They
are not intended for assessment of risk to property or to life. They are better seen where they are
washed by the sea, as at Man O' War Head between Dungy Head and Durdle Door. This would not
be very significant, as it would be unlikely, of course, that the beach was straight but for the fact that
the Budleigh Salterton quartzites (conspicuous liver-coloured pebbles derived from the Triassic
Budleigh Salterton pebble bed in Devon) occur on the shore in Lulworth Cove. Therefore statistically
there is higher chance of an accident in that area in any year. These are from different dates and vary
in quality. It has grown in a variety of ways the most important to consider are. The glauconite grains
are sand-sized, ovoid or spherical aggregates of dark green, iron-bearing clay minerals. The reader
needing further information should see the British Geological Survey 1:50,000 geological map -
Swanage, Sheet 343 and 342. But now look carefully at fault I, on the western part of the map, from
Hambury Tout to Dungy Beach. These are not normally found at Lulworth because the exposure is
poor. There are clays and silts from the floodplains, oxidised in a patchy manner and forming gley
soils. Breaches in these steeply dipping rocks led to the erosion of the Wealden behind in several
cases. Minor changes have been made to update the terminology (i.e. montmorillonite to smectite).
That is to say, the Jurassic strata underneath are not parallel but were folded before the Chalk was
deposited. Is the present time a phase one of rapid erosion or is it perhaps a phase of slow erosion,
with more rapid erosion to come in the future? The chart above gives the terminology of the Chalk in
both old traditional terms and in new lithostratigraphic nomenclature of of Mortimore and of the
British Geological Survey. Stay on the footpath and keep away from cliff edges, and keep children
and dogs away. It might be argued that this fault extends northwest up the present stream valley of
Lulworth Cove; Nowell, however, shows the fault as terminating against major east-west faults. This
simplified map does not show the full details or the cross-sections. Find by zooming on the coast or
other methods the appropriate ECW files, and download to your computer. The Gault oversteps quite
abruptly onto the Corallian and other Jurassic strata. The average person makes five visits to the
coast each year.
Lulworth Cove is a shingle beach with amazing views out on the Purbeck Isles and features some
the well know and beautiful Lulworth Cove formations on the rocks. This will show us whether the
two places have enough parking spaces and whether people use all the possible room in their
vehicles in order to minimise air pollution, because if there were more cars then the amount of air
pollution would increase as well. Erosion is now able to carry on at a quicker pace than with the
limestone. It refers to an unpublished map of the area around Lulworth Cove by Dr C.R. Bristow
and acknowledges Dr E.C. Freshney for finding faults at Dungy Head and the back of Lulworth
Cove. Fig. 6 in this paper provides another version of Bevan's (1985) cross section,located just west
of the cove. It still continues: London and the East Coast is still going down (note Thames Barrier).
Bevan (1985) has shown two and a possible minor branch. The section above is a very simplified
and diagrammatic cross-section to explain the main features without showing the details. The strata
are dealt with in the order in which they are encountered walking round the cove and not in
stratigraphical order. We would do this outside of the car parks where most traffic congestion takes
place. There was now a car close to my parking place, occupied by a couple busy snogging. This
means they have more wealth from their better jobs, so people these days may be having two family
holidays per year, because of this extra wealth. It was, of course, compressional in the Carbo-
Permian, with major thrust faults of the type that are seen at the surface in the southern Mendip Hills
at the present. We can see typical solifluction deposits of this type in a similar valley at Scratchy
Bottom, west of Durdle Door. Here is an extract from a press report ( Steven Smith, 2009). It is
multistorey, that is there are fine pebble beds one on top of another. The only one shown is the
thinning of the Purbeck Group in the compression zone, as seen in the Durdle Door area (the upper
part of the Purbeck is lost by strike faulting). Thus it is there that the most intense compressional
structures are accessible and visible. At the back of the cove look for a Middle Chalk zone fossil, the
bivalve - Mytiloides labiatus Schlotheim. It has more places to stay in, than Lulworth has, with its
wider range of hotels and caravan sites. Note that the fold in the Chalk has a very acute foresyncline
(the sharp bend at the base). The pupils were outstandingly well focused and no doubt enjoyed one
of their first trips after many months of restrictions. Although little seems to have come down
recently, at distant intervals of time it seems that some debris falls from the scar providing new
boulders for the Black Rocks. The exact position of the faults is not placed with certainty in the
image, because the cliff is partly grassed over. There does not seem to be much disagreement at
present that at least one major south-dipping fault lies beneath the monocline. The lignite has been
fractured in a rectilinear manner, that is as small rectangles of black lignite. The overlying Purbeck
Group has been cut back at an angle until sheltered by the Portland Stone. A diagram below, has
been redrawn on the basis of the clay mineralogy work of Holmes. The Lower Chalk is cyclical,
rather argillaceous and without flints. He was completely covered by the falling rubble on Sunday as
he played in the late summer sun at Lulworth Cove. Of course, they could be both fault structures
and consequences of Crumple development to the south.