Version 7.4.

PVsyst - Simulation report

Standalone system

Project: PROJEK1
Variant: New simulation variant
Standalone system with batteries
System power: 107 kWp
Semarang - Indonesia

Author
 Project: PROJEK1
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.4.0
VC0, Simulation date:
01/09/23 10:59
with v7.4.0

Project summary
Geographical Site Situation Project settings
Semarang Latitude -6.99 °S Albedo 0.20
Indonesia Longitude 110.42 °E
Altitude 16 m
Time zone UTC+7

Meteo data
Semarang
Meteonorm 8.1 (2016-2021), Sat=100% - Synthetic

System summary
Standalone system Standalone system with batteries

PV Field Orientation User's needs

Fixed plane Daily household consumers
Tilt/Azimuth 10 / 0 ° Constant over the year
Average 404 kWh/Day

System information
PV Array Battery pack
Nb. of modules 288 units Technology Lead-acid, vented, vehicle starting
Pnom total 107 kWp Nb. of units 24378 units
Voltage 1224 V
Capacity 23900 Ah

Results summary
Useful energy from solar 147545 kWh/year Specific production 1385 kWh/kWp/year Perf. Ratio PR 70.86 %
Missing Energy 0 kWh/year Available solar energy 167587 kWh/year Solar Fraction SF 100.00 %
Excess (unused) 4 kWh/year

Table of contents
Project and results summary 2
General parameters, PV Array Characteristics, System losses 3
Detailed User's needs 4
Main results 5
Loss diagram 6
Predef. graphs 7

01/09/23 PVsyst Licensed to Page 2/7

 Project: PROJEK1
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.4.0
VC0, Simulation date:
01/09/23 10:59
with v7.4.0

General parameters
Standalone system Standalone system with batteries

PV Field Orientation
Orientation Sheds configuration Models used
Fixed plane No 3D scene defined Transposition Perez
Tilt/Azimuth 10 / 0 ° Diffuse Perez, Meteonorm
Circumsolar separate

User's needs
Daily household consumers
Constant over the year
Average 404 kWh/Day

PV Array Characteristics
PV module Battery
Manufacturer Generic Manufacturer Electrona
Model Mono 370 Wp Twin 120 half-cells Model Dural SC
(Original PVsyst database) Technology Lead-acid, vented, vehicle starting
Unit Nom. Power 370 Wp Nb. of units 239 in parallel x 102 in series
Number of PV modules 288 units Discharging min. SOC 20.0 %
Nominal (STC) 107 kWp Stored energy 23402.9 kWh
Modules 24 Strings x 12 In series Battery Pack Characteristics
At operating cond. (50°C) Voltage 1224 V
Pmpp 96.8 kWp Nominal Capacity 23900 Ah (C10)
U mpp 371 V Temperature Fixed 20 °C
I mpp 261 A

Controller Battery Management control

Universal controller Threshold commands as SOC calculation
Technology MPPT converter Charging SOC = 0.92 / 0.75
Temp coeff. -5.0 mV/°C/Elem. approx. 1293.7 / 1263.5 V
Converter Discharging SOC = 0.20 / 0.45
Maxi and EURO efficiencies 97.0 / 95.0 % approx. 1189.9 / 1230.8 V

Total PV power
Nominal (STC) 107 kWp
Total 288 modules
Module area 538 m²
Cell area 477 m²

Array losses
Thermal Loss factor DC wiring losses Serie Diode Loss
Module temperature according to irradiance Global array res. 24 mΩ Voltage drop 0.7 V
Uc (const) 20.0 W/m²K Loss Fraction 1.5 % at STC Loss Fraction 0.2 % at STC
Uv (wind) 0.0 W/m²K/m/s

Module Quality Loss Module mismatch losses Strings Mismatch loss

Loss Fraction -0.4 % Loss Fraction 2.0 % at MPP Loss Fraction 0.2 %

IAM loss factor

Incidence effect (IAM): Fresnel, AR coating, n(glass)=1.526, n(AR)=1.290

0° 30° 50° 60° 70° 75° 80° 85° 90°

1.000 0.999 0.987 0.962 0.892 0.816 0.681 0.440 0.000

01/09/23 PVsyst Licensed to Page 3/7

 Project: PROJEK1
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.4.0
VC0, Simulation date:
01/09/23 10:59
with v7.4.0

Detailed User's needs

Daily household consumers, Constant over the year, average = 404 kWh/day
Annual values Hourly distribution

Nb. Power Use Energy

W Hour/day Wh/day
Lamps (LED or fluo) 10 12/lamp 12.0 1440
TV / PC / Mobile 5 90/app 5.0 2250
Domestic appliances 3 40/app 3.0 360
Fridge / Deep-freeze 1 24 400000
Dish- and Cloth-washer 2 2 100
Other uses 1 20 tot 3.0 60
Stand-by consumers 24.0 24
Total daily energy 404234

01/09/23 PVsyst Licensed to Page 4/7

 Project: PROJEK1
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.4.0
VC0, Simulation date:
01/09/23 10:59
with v7.4.0

Main results
System Production
Useful energy from solar 147545 kWh/year Perf. Ratio PR 70.86 %
Available solar energy 167587 kWh/year Solar Fraction SF 100.00 %
Excess (unused) 4 kWh/year
Loss of Load Battery aging (State of Wear)
Time Fraction 0.0 % Cycles SOW 99.8 %
Missing Energy 0 kWh/year Static SOW 90.0 %

Normalized productions (per installed kWp) Performance Ratio PR

Balances and main results

GlobHor GlobEff E_Avail EUnused E_Miss E_User E_Load SolFrac

kWh/m² kWh/m² kWh kWh kWh kWh kWh ratio
January 130.8 121.0 10760 0.460 0.000 12531 12531 1.000
February 136.3 128.9 11387 0.480 0.000 11319 11319 1.000
March 150.0 146.8 12850 0.000 0.000 12531 12531 1.000
April 160.4 162.7 14233 0.000 0.000 12127 12127 1.000
May 157.5 165.3 14506 0.459 0.000 12531 12531 1.000
June 158.2 170.0 14973 0.000 0.000 12127 12127 1.000
July 164.4 175.8 15368 0.475 0.000 12531 12531 1.000
August 174.0 180.1 15738 0.000 0.000 12531 12531 1.000
September 176.1 175.9 15318 0.459 0.000 12127 12127 1.000
October 190.4 183.3 15976 0.000 0.000 12531 12531 1.000
November 167.1 155.6 13713 0.476 0.000 12127 12127 1.000
December 157.3 144.3 12763 1.390 0.000 12531 12531 1.000
Year 1922.5 1909.6 167587 4.200 0.000 147545 147545 1.000

Legends
GlobHor Global horizontal irradiation E_User Energy supplied to the user
GlobEff Effective Global, corr. for IAM and shadings E_Load Energy need of the user (Load)
E_Avail Available Solar Energy SolFrac Solar fraction (EUsed / ELoad)
EUnused Unused energy (battery full)
E_Miss Missing energy

01/09/23 PVsyst Licensed to Page 5/7

 Project: PROJEK1
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.4.0
VC0, Simulation date:
01/09/23 10:59
with v7.4.0

Loss diagram
1922 kWh/m² Global horizontal irradiation
+1.6% Global incident in coll. plane

-2.28% IAM factor on global

1910 kWh/m² * 538 m² coll. Effective irradiation on collectors

efficiency at STC = 19.83% PV conversion

203786 kWh Array nominal energy (at STC effic.)

-0.52% PV loss due to irradiance level

-11.02% PV loss due to temperature

+0.37% Module quality loss

-2.15% Mismatch loss, modules and strings

-1.29% Ohmic wiring loss

0.00% Unused energy (battery full)
174882 kWh Effective energy at the output of the array

-4.14% Converter Loss during operation (efficiency)

-0.04% Converter Loss due to power threshold

0.00% Converter Loss over nominal conv. voltage
0.00% Converter Loss due to voltage threshold
167582 kWh Converter losses (effic, overload)
Direct use Stored Battery Storage
36.5% 63.5%
Missing +4.99% Battery Stored Energy balance

energy
0.00% -1.75% Battery efficiency loss
0.0 kWh -1.79% Charge/Disch. Current Efficiency Loss

-2.00% Gassing Current (electrolyte dissociation)

-3.12% Battery Self-discharge Current

147545 kWh Energy supplied to the user

147545 kWh Energy need of the user (Load)

01/09/23 PVsyst Licensed to Page 6/7

 Project: PROJEK1
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.4.0
VC0, Simulation date:
01/09/23 10:59
with v7.4.0

Predef. graphs
Daily Input/Output diagram

01/09/23 PVsyst Licensed to Page 7/7