Suggested Test Procedure For

Bushings With Two taps

Offer by:
Reynaldo Galera
Doble Engineering
Brazil
Scope
• The objective of this paper is to
establish
t bli h a standard,
t d d safe f and
d
practical procedure to measure all
capacitances
it in
i a two
t tap
t bushing.
b hi
• Although this is a new procedure,
there are many manufactures that
have made this typey of bushing g at
least as far back as 1983.

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

Definition
• Potential, Capacitance
tap
– Definition per IEEE
C57.19.00 3.6 bushing g
voltage tap: A connection C1
to one of the conducting
layers of a capacitance-
capacitance
graded bushing, providing
a capacitance voltage
divider.

C2
BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing
Definition
• Test tap
– Definition per IEEE
C57.19.00.37
bushing test tap: A
connection to one of
the conducting layers
of a capacitance-
graded bushing for
measurement of
partial discharge, C1
power factor
factor, and
capacitance values.
C2

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

Two Taps
• A bushing with two taps is constructed
with one potential and one test tap.
• Resulting in a three capacitor model
– C1: Insulation system between center
conductor and tapped condenser layer closest
to center conductor
– C2: Insulation system between the two
tapped condenser layers
– C3:
C3 Outer
O ter most condenser la
layer
er to gro
ground
nd
flange

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

Two Taps

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

Tap Cover plays a roll
• In this bushing design the tap cover has and
electrical roll
– Grounds the tap
– Tap cover OFF or ON is significant

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

Haefely (France)
• Only C1 is provided on the Nameplate

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

Passoni Villa
• Nameplate provides C1 and C2

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

Bushing Company
• Nameplate C1, C2 and C3 provided

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

Preferred Approach
• Test smallest insulation specimen possible
– One
O section
ti att a time
ti

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

Keep track of what’s being energized

• C2||C3
– With cap on Potential Tap and Test Tap energized C3
is measured in parallel with C2

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

Keep track of what’s being energized
• Kirchoff’s Current Law
– Conservation of chargeg
– All current that leave the test instrument has to come
back

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

Keep track of what’s being energized

• Preferred approach for C3

– Allows one to keep the center conductor grounded

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

Multiple Options
• Preferred test mode is UST
– Less susceptible
p to electrostatic interference
– Safety, retain ground at the top terminal

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

Test Sequence

• Ground bushing center conductor

• Isolate apparatus from system
• Short-circuit all windings on Transformer application
• Clean bushings to minimize surface leakage
• Remove test tap cover only on bushing under test when
necessary
• Apply test leads
• Remove grounds on center conductor only when
necessary to perform tests
• P f
Perform measurementt
• Reapply grounds if removed, then remove test leads
• Replace bushing tap cover

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

C1 Measurement Procedure

• Assuming grounds applied and winding

electically short circuited if applicable
• Place the HV lead at the top of the
bushing
• R
Remove POTENTIAL TAP COVER
Make sure that the TAP is clean and dry
• Place a LV lead on the POTENTIAL TAP
• Keep TEST TAP COVER ON
• Remove ground from center conductor
• Make UST measurement at maximum
test voltage do not exceed L-G rating of
b hi
bushing

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

C1 Test Connect

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

C2 Measurement Procedure
• Remove cap on both TAPS
• Make sure that the TAPS are
clean and dry
• Place HV cable on
POTENTIAL TAP
• Place a LV on the TEST TAP
• Make UST measurement,
test voltage should not
exceeding L-G rating of
POTENTIAL TAP,, typically
yp y
2KV

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

C2 Test Connect

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

C3 Measurement Procedure
• Remove cap on both
TAPS
• Make sure that the
TAPS are clean and dry
• Place HV cable on the
TEST TAP
• Place a LV on the
POTENTIAL TAP
• Make GST Guard
measurement test
voltage should not
exceeding
di L L-G
G rating
ti off
TEST TAP, typically
500V

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

C3 Test Connection

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

Investigative Test: Inverted C1
• Place a LV lead on Center
Conductor then remove ground
• Remove POTENTIAL TAP
COVER. Make sure that the
TAP is clean and dry
dry. Do not
remove TEST TAP COVER
• Place HV cable on POTENTIAL
TAP
• Make UST measurement, test
voltage
g should not exceeding
g L-
G rating of POTENTIAL TAP,
typically 2KV

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

Investigative Test: Inverted C2
• Remove cap on both
TAPS
• Make sure that the
TAPS are clean and dry
• Place HV cable on the
TEST TAP
• Place a LV on the
POTENTIAL TAP
• Make UST
measurement test
voltage should not
exceeding L-G rating of
TEST TAP, typically
500V

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing

Thank You

SPECIAL THANKS TO DOBLE

BRAZILIAN CLIENTS:

ELTRONORTE
PLENA TRANSMISSORA
CHESF
AREVA TRANSFORMERS

For g
givingg me pictures,
p , test
results, answering questions
and partnership.

BIIT- Test Procedure for Two Tap Bushing