While coping and adaptation strategies have traditionally included crop

diversification, mobility, livelihood diversification, and migration, singling out

climate as a direct driver of change is not so simple.
https://link. Springer.com/article accessed on 9th March 2020
Change in land use and livelihood strategies is driven by adaptation to a range of
factors of which climate appears not to be the most important.
https://link. Springer.com/article accessed on 9th March 2020
The main soil changes directly resulting from climate change would be in soil
temperature regimes and soil hydrology.
The minor soil temperature increases in the tropics to moderate increases in
temperate and cold climate would modify organic matter dynamics and may
increase soil reduction in high latitudes where part of the permafrost would
disappear.
Increased variability and greater incidence of high-intensity rainfall events would
entail higher leaching rates in most soils, with more runoff on sloping soils (and
increased erosion and sedimentation).
Soil with maximum resilience against degradation by these processes have a high
infiltration rate and high structural stability, at least moderate cation exchange
capacity and anion sorption, and moderate or good external drainage.
http://doi org accessed on 9th March 2020
There is one indisputable fact that supports climate change, the Earth’s
atmosphere has a carbon dioxide concentration higher than it has been in at least
800,000 years, and the concern is not only the concentration, but the rate at
which concentrations occurred since the modern industrial revolution. The rapid
increase of carbon dioxide can be attributed to human activities that produce
greenhouse gases, and thus result in an overall warming of the Earth’s
temperature (Brown and sovacool,2011, Rosenzweig et al.2011).
Developed countries have the means and social structure to mitigate and adapt to
climate change, which developing countries do not often have the political and
economic resources to change
http://digital .lib.washington.edu accessed on 9th March 2020
With so many other social, economic and environmental factors at work
establishing linear, causative relationships between anthropogenic climate
change and population dynamics it has been difficult to pinpoint the specific
human consequences of climate change on respective populations.
Climate change is turning the lives of farmers upside-down, and is fundamentally
changing the way agriculture is practiced. Drastically different weather patterns,
shorter growing seasons, extreme weather, and many other changes pose
daunting problems for smallholder farmers around the world especially in the
tropics.
Foods that we consume daily-coffee, bananas, and cocoa come to mind -hail from
these tropical regions, and in many cases, are mostly grown by smallholder
farmers whose livelihoods depend on regular weather and consistent crop yields.
Being climate resilient means farms are empowered to better withstand and
adapt to a change climate -and be to bounce back after extreme weather events.
https://www.globalcitizen.org/en /content/5-ways-farmers-can-work-around-
climate -change accessed on 11 March 2020
The threat of natural hazards in urban areas are typically addressed through land -
use zoning and building regulations. Climate change phenomenon compel urban
planners to devise comprehensive measure to adapt for more frequent and
intense hazards.