Universidad Nacional de Córdoba

Facultad de Lenguas
Gramática Inglesa I
Profesor Titular: Fabián Negrelli
Profesora Asistente: Candelaria Luque Colombres
MOCK TEST SEGUNDO EXAMEN PARCIAL. Comisiones A-B y C-D
NOTE: What follows is a mock test containing the possible types of

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exercises/activities that may eventually be included in the term test. No key will
be provided for this mock test, as you will be able to ask your questions or
clarify your doubts about the answers IN CLASS.

I. Write a new sentence with the same meaning, following the instructions given between brackets.

.C
1. She can´t be interested; she hasn't got in touch so far. (Use a conditional clause)
DD
...............If she were interested, she would have got in touch (so far)....................................✔

2. We didn't pay them on time because they made a mistake with our order. (Use a conditional clause)

.............If they hadn’t made a mistake with our order, we would have paid them on time...........…✔
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3. My flatmate talks on the phone all day and I can't concentrate. (Use the verb “wish”)
……I wish my flatmate would stop talking on the phone all day (I can’t concentrate)………..✔
4. If only I hadn't behaved so foolishly! (Use the expression “I’d rather)
FI

……I’d rather not have behaved so foolishly……✔

5. As soon as we made contact with the kidnappers, we alerted the police. (Use inversion)

.......No sooner had we made contact with the kidnappers than we alerted the police.....✔


6. He didn't notice that the glass was broken until he filled it. (Use inversion)

......Not until he had filled it/the glass he noticed the glass/it was broken.…… ✔

7. If you ever hear anyone say the same sort of thing, don´t believe them for a moment. (Use
inversion)

……At no moment should you believe them if you ever hear anyone say the same sort of things…
should you ever hear anyone say the same sort of things, don't believe them for a moment ✔

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II. Combine the sentences in each pair so that there is a relative clause (defining or
non-defining as appropriate). The second sentence must become the relative clause. Make it a
contact clause whenever possible. DO NOT use passive voice.

1. Citing figures from 2016, the report said more than 40 million people were working in slave-like
conditions. 16 million people were in forced labour in the private sector.

Citing figures from 2016, the report said more than 40 million people, from whichX/of whom 16 million

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people were in forced labour in the private sector✔, were working in slave-like conditions, from
which/of whom 16 million people were in forced labour in the private sectorX

2. Many a time, the migrants are coerced into working in illicit conditions. The migrants do not agree with
such illicit conditions.

.C
Many a time, the migrants are coerced into working in illicit conditions, to/WITH which they don’t
agreeX THEY DON'T AGREE WITH
DD
3. The research showed that migrant workers are isolated from wider society and do not know what
their rights are under the law. Their English is usually very poor.

The research showed that migrant workers whose English is usually very poor are isolated from
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wider society and do not know what their rights are under the law

4. The migrants are usually compelled to work against their will in exploitative conditions through a
variety of coercive mechanisms. These mechanisms usually consist in the removal of their identity
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documents or the use of intimidation and threats.

The migrants are usually compelled to work against their will in exploitative conditions through a variety


of coercive mechanisms, which usually consist in the removal of their identity documents or the use
of intimidation and threats. ✔

III. Read the following text, IDENTIFY the finite Relative and Nominal subordinate clauses,
TRANSCRIBE and NUMBER them in the order they appear in the text; then, ANALYSE them
fully.

A new report looks at 71 global hotel companies' reporting under the UK Modern Slavery Act

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The 71 companies were chosen, as they have an annual turnover of over £36 million and with

operations in the UK. Companies meeting these criteria must publish a slavery and human

trafficking statement each financial year under the UK Modern Slavery Act. […] Dame Sara

Thornton, UK Independent Anti-Slavery Commissioner, said: “This new report takes an innovative

and data-driven approach to assessing modern slavery statements produced by hotel companies, but

the quality of the annual statements varies enormously,” she said. This is true of the hotel sector,

where complex supply chains and seasonal labour present additional challenges, potentially

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increasing the risk of modern slavery taking place. What is disappointing is the fact that only 25%

of hotel companies in scope of the Act are found to be legally compliant. Everybody loves to go on

holiday, but the question is how they would react to a migrant employee they find working long

.C
hours for little pay. It is doubtful whether this vulnerable workforce, complex supply chains with

little transparency, and limited oversight from brands and multinational hotel companies is just a
DD
result of extensive franchising”.

1. “Where complex supply chains and seasonal labour present additional challenges” Non-defining
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relative clause introduced by the relative adverb “where”.

2. “What is disappointing” Nominal Relative clause, introduced by the wh-pronoun “what”. The
function of the clause is subject.
3. “That only 25% of hotel companies in scope of the Act are found to be legally compliant”
FI

Nominal clause THAT clause, introduced by the subordinating conjunction “that”. The function
of the clause is appositive restrictive.
4. “How they would react to a migrant employee” Nominal Relative clause, introduced by the


wh-adverb “how”. The function of the clause is subject complement

5. “They find working long hours for little pay” Defining relative clause contact clause, introduced
by the omitted relative pronoun “that”, whose function is indirect object.
6. “Whether this vulnerable workforce, complex supply chains with little transparency, and limited
oversight from brands and multinational hotel companies is just a result of extensive franchising”
Nominal clause Yes-No Interrogative clause, introduced by the subordinating conjunction
“whether”. The function of the clause is extraposed subject.

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IV. Complete the following ideas in a meaningful way so that there is the kind of finite clause
asked for in each case.

1. My friend is not a reliable person, so my doubt, whether I should keep being his friend, has
been cleared up.

(Noun clause, Yes-No-interrogative clause; function of the clause: apposition)

2. During the experiment, a wrong combination of chemicals turned out to be what caused the

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explosion

(Noun clause, Wh-interrogative clause; function of the clause: subject complement)

3. So, in the end, whatever he decides to do will be our destruction

.C
(Nominal relative clause; function of the clause: subject – use an –ever element to introduce it)
DD
4. In this type of experiment, people need to know where the elements come from

(Noun clause, Wh-interrogative clause; function of the clause: prepositional complement)

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5. It is unbelievable who caused the fire in the entire building

(Nominal WH Interrogative clause; function of the clause: extraposed subject)

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V. Decide if the following statement is true or false. Then, justify your answer theoretically
and provide examples to illustrate.


− Remember to organize your answers in the form of paragraphs –and not just note forms. You
will have to provide them in the space allotted.
− Remember to use the appropriate metalanguage when you provide the theoretical justification,
and take into account that elementary mistakes will be disqualifying.

1.

The wh-word “when” can only work as a subordinator to introduce adverbial clauses of time.

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False, the wh-word “when” can also work as subordinator to introduce nominal
wh-interrogative clauses as in “It is important to know when a product expires”, to introduce
nominal relative clauses as in “ The most relaxing moment is when I take a shower”, and to
introduce relative clauses: non-defining as in “2001, when I was born, was the year of most
hunger in the country”, and defining as in “9am is the time when I get up”

2.

In order to express wishes or regrets about the present or future, we can use the verb “wish”
followed by a subordinate clause. Within this pattern, which are the modal verbs that can be
used and which is the meaning conveyed in each case? Provide examples to support your

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answer.

The modal verbs that can be used are could and would. For ‘could’ we have two structures:

“I wish+could+bare infinitive” to express a wish or regret in the present concerning lack of

ability, or to describe a desire we know is impossible to achieve, often about ourselves. For
example ‘I wish I could swim’

.C
“I wish+could+have+past participle” to express a regret about something that happened or
didn’t happen in the past. For example, I wish I could have participated in the marathon last
DD
week.

For ‘would’ we have the structure “I wish+subject+would+bare infinitive” where wish and
would should have different subjects, to express a future event unlikely to happen, or
dissatisfaction. For example: “I wish my sister would stop bringing her boyfriend to our
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apartment”

3.

“That” fulfils the same grammatical function in relative clauses and in nominal clauses. (30%)
FI

False, the subordinating conjunction “that” only has a function when it is applied in
relative clauses, when used in nominal clauses we refer to the function of the clause


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