UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT

SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION

VI SEMESTER
BA ENGLISH
ENG6B16
DIGITAL LITERATURE AND ENGLISH
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. Expand ELO
a) Electronic Literature Organization
b) Electronic Language Organization
c) Electronic Linguistic Orientation
d) Electronic Literature Orientation

2. Who coined the term “hypertext”?

a) Alice Bell
b) Pierre Bourdieu
c) Robert Coover
d) Ted Nelson

3. ______________ is not a system but a generic term to describe the writing done in the
nonlinear or nonsequential space made possible by the computer.
a) hyperfiction
b) hyperreality
c) hypertext
d) none of these

4. Which is Amazon’s “wireless reading device”?

a) Kindle
b) Kobo Libra
c) Kobo Clara
d) Sony Libre

5. ___________________ is a hybrid of human and machine language.

a) Digital literature
b) Print literature
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c) Art
d) None of these

6. APIs stands for __________________

a) Application Programme Index
b) Application Programming Interfaces
c) Applied Programme Impact
d) Applied Programme Interfaces

7. _________________ and _______________ represent a third category that has increasingly

been used in digital forms, but is also evident in braille.
a) Oral, written
b) Haptics, gesture
c) Spoken, Written
d) None of these

8. _______________ a reading experience which promotes a simple and lazy ‘mental

digestion’ of a work’s content.
a) Scanning
b) Skimming
c) Extensive reading
d) Culinary reading

9. ____________ also known as electronic literature is a term for work with important literary
aspects that requires the use of digital computation.
a) Print literature
b) Digital literature
c) Journalistic literature
d) Science Fiction

10. First known example of digital literature is _______________________ published in 1952.

a) Christopher Strachey’s Love Letters
b) Stuart Moulthrop’s Victory Garden
c) Talan Memmott’s Lexia to Perplexia
d) None of the above

11. Stuart Moulthrop’s Victory Garden is a work of ______________________.

a) Journalistic literature
b) Digital literature
c) hypertext literature
d) Science fiction

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12. The term ____________ is used to describe individual chunks of text in a hypertext.
a) Perplexia
b) Ontolepsia
c) Dyslexia
d) Lexia

13. In a more influential approach, first-wave theorists move the focus on the ___________ to
their logistical role within the hypertext.
a) author
b) audience
c) reader
d) author and reader

14. According to Delany and Landow, ______________ is ‘the use of computer to transcend
the linear, bounded and fixed qualities of traditional text’ producing a ‘textual structure that
can be represented on the screen in different ways, according to the reader’s choice of links
to follow.
a) hyperfiction
b) hypertext
c) digital fiction
d) hyperreality

15. Second wave theory has shown that the ______________ of the text, and the reader’s role
within it, represent a means of prohibiting her or him from fully engaging with the narratives
that hypertext novels contain.
a) story
b) character
c) climax
d) structure

16. Ryan suggests that a hypertext behaves more like a ___________.

a) story
b) game
c) play
d) fiction

17. In the essay, ____________ Bolter points out that the narrative devices within hypertext
novels are often used to intensify experiences.
a) Theory: Hypertext Fiction and the Significance of Worlds
b) Introduction to Language Machines
c) The End of Books
d) Materiality and Matter and Stuff: What Electronic Texts Are Made Of

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18. Focusing on _________________ in particular, Bolter suggests that alienation is achieved

by the reader’s interactive role and also by narrative devices such as contradictory stories,
non-chronological ordering of events, overtly visible navigation tools, and the use of
intertextual references.
a) Kinetic novels
b) Hypertext fictions
c) Storyspace novels
d) Interactive fictions

19. Ryan suggests that story space hypertexts often remain ‘faithful to _______________’.
a) literature
b) postmodern literature
c) postmodern aesthetics
d) aesthetics

20. In hypertext fiction ____________ is an integral, unavoidable part of the representational

logic’.
a) entolepsis
b) ontolepsis
c) lexias
d) metalepsis

21. _________________ has been used to analyse postmodernist print fiction.

a) Actual World Theory
b) Possible World Theory
c) Possible Theory
d)Virtual Theory

22. The _______________ is the ontological domain that forms the centre of our system of
reality. In the context of a literary analysis, it is the domain to which the reader belongs.
a) Actual World
b) Textual Actual World
c) Textual Possible World
d) Possible World

23. _______________ are the ontological domains that represent alternatives to the actual
world. These are created by imaginings, wishes, fears, and dreams of inhabitants of the
Actual World.
a) Actual World
b) Textual Actual World
c) Possible World
d) Textual Possible World

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24. Who wrote The End of Books?

a) Alice Bell
b) Jeffrey Masten
c) Nancy Vickers
d) Robert Coover

25. Theory: Hypertext Fiction and the Significance of Worlds is authored by

_______________.
a) Alice Bell
b) Robert Coover
c) Stuart Moulthrop
d) Talan Memmott

26. Lexia to Perplexia is a hyper fiction developed by _________________.

a) Alice Bell
b) Robert Coover
c) Stuart Moulthrop
d) Talan Memmott

27. Lexia to Perplexia was published in the year ________.

a) 2000 c) 2002
b) 2001 d) 2003

28. Who coined the word “cyberspace”?

a) William Gibson
b) Allan Turing
c) Manfred Clynes
d) Nathan. S. Kline

29. _________________ is an academic discipline that explores the intersection between

digital technologies and culture.
a) Digital Humanities
b) Digital Space
c) Cyber Space
d) Cyber Culture

30. __________________ is a rich and complex exploration of the relationship between human
consciousness and network phenomenology.
a) Lexia to Perplexia
b) Victory Garden
c) The End of Books
d) The Possible Worlds of Hypertext Fiction

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31. _______________ is also known as humanities computing.

a) Cyber culture
b) Cyber Space
c) Digital Humanities
d) Digital Space

32. _______________ was the pioneer in the development of humanities computing, with the
establishment in 1964 of the literary and linguistic Computing Centre.
a) Roy Wisbey
b) Ray Williams
c) Roberto Busa
d) None of the above

33. The founder father of the word “Digital Humanities” is _____________.

a) Padre Roberto Busa
b) Roy Wisbey
c) William Gibson
d) Nancy Vickers

34. The word “cyberpunk” was coined by _____________

a) Nathan. S. Kline
b) William Gibson
c) Bruce Bethke
d) Padre Roberto Busa

35. ___________ is a science fiction literature that emphasizes, to a greater or lesser degree,
the three attributes of post-humanism, post-industrialism, and post-nationalism.
a) Cyberspace
b) Cyberpunk
c) Cyborg
d) Cyber fiction

36. ____________ is a portmanteau of cybernetics and organism.

a) cyberpunk
b) cybergo
c) cyborg
d) cyberg

37. ______________ was the term coined by Manfred Clynes and Nathan. S. Kline.
a) cyberpunk
b) cyberspace
c) cyborg

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d) cybernetics

38. ____________ is an abbreviated version of “weblog”.

a) Blog
b) Vlog
c) Clog
d) Log

39. A ___________ is a person who owns or runs a blog or a person who maintains the blog.
a) Blogger
b) Jockey
c) Director
d) Editor

40. ____________ contains a stored electronic sequence that includes the address of any
particular piece of information.
a) Command
b) Code
c) Cord
d) Core

41. Materiality and Matter and Stuff: What Electronics Texts are Made of is an essay written
by _________________.
a) Manfred Clynes
b) Bruce Bethke
c) Robert Coover
d) Matt Kirschenbaum

42. ___________ is the first text in which the element of meaning, of structure and of visual
display are fundamentally unstable.
a) Electronic text
b) Print text
c) Literary text
d) Hypertext

43. ______ stands for a video blog or video log and refers to a type of blog where most or all
of the content is in a video format.

a) Hypertext
b) Blog
c) Vlog
d) Virtual Space

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44. Vlog category is popular on the video-sharing platform _______________.

a) Twitter
b) Koo
c) Getter
d) YouTube

45. The most popular video sharing site, YouTube was founded in February ____________.
a) 2002 c) 2004
b) 2003 d) 2005

46. Victory Garden was published in __________.

a) 1991 c) 1993
b) 1992 d) 1994

47. The central figure of the story Victory Garden is ___________.

a) Emily Watson
b) Emily Zola
c) Emily Runbird
d) Emily Ronny

48. ____________ presents a non-linear story which is set during the Gulf War, in 1991.
a) Lexia to Perplexia
b) The End of Books
c) Victory Garden
d) The Possible World

49. Software that provides a method of managing your website is commonly called a
_________________.
a) CMS or Content Management System
b) SMS or Structure Management System
c) DMS or Domain Management System
d) TMS or Task Management System

50. A __________ is an online journal or informational website that displays information in

reverse chronological order with the latest posts appearing first.
a) journal
b) blog
c) diary
d) post

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ANSWER KEY

1. a 2. d 3. c 4. a 5. a
6. b 7. b 8. d 9. b 10. a
11. c 12. d 13. c 14. b 15. d
16. b 17. a 18. c 19. c 20. b
21. b 22. a 23. c 24. d 25. a
26. d 27. a 28. a 29. a 30. a
31. c 32. a 33. a 34. c 35. b
36. c 37. c 38. a 39. a 40. b
41. d 42. a 43. c 44. d 45. d
46. b 47. c 48. c 49. a 50. b

Prepared by

Sabina K Musthafa
Assistant Professor
School of Distance Education
University of Calicut

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