SCIENCE 4

THIRD QUARTER

1. Force is either a push or a pull. It can be due to gravity, magnetism or

anything that cause an object move. Force can change the size and
shape of the object.
2. Light, heat and sound are forms of energy. They travel through various
media. Light travels through a straight path but as it travels in different
materials, it can be reflected and refracted.
3. Conduction, convection and radiation are ways of how heat are
transferred
4. A sound wave travels at different speed through different media. As
sound travels, sound waves are created in response to a vibration
and how easily they move back to their original

Chapter 1: FORCE
LESSON 1: EFFECTS OF FORCE ON OBJECTS

5. A force is a push or a pull. Which occurs when two or more objects

interact with each other.
6. The shape of an object may change when force is applied on it.
Pushing, pulling pounding, compressing, bending, twisting, tearing,
stretching or squeezing are some ways of changing the shape of an
object.

LESSON 2: EFFECTS OF FORCE ON THE SIZE OF AN OBJECT

7. When a force is applied to an object the size of an object may

change.
8. Some situations that force was applied may change the size of the
object are dropping flower vase and pounding a styrofoam cup.

LESSON 3: EFFECTS OF FORCE IN THE MOVEMENT OF AN OBJECT

9. The force applied to an object affect the movement of an object.

10. PUSH AND GO – The toy car travelled farther when the force
applied was stronger. It travelled nearer when lesser force was
applied.
 11. HANG AND PULL – The spring was pulled down when a padlock
was hung to it. The spring is pulled as more padlocks are hanged into
it.
12. The stronger the force exerted, the farther the object travels.
13. An object travels when the force applied was stronger. It travels
nearer when a lesser force was applied to it.
14. Shorter distance is travelled of an object when the force appliedis
weak and a longer distance is travelled by an object when the force
applied is strong.
15. In a spring and padlock sample, a spring was pulled down when
a padlock was hanged to it.
16. The spring is pulled lower as more padlocks were hanged to it.
17. The more padlocks are hanged, the lower the spring will be
pulled down.
18. The force applied on an object affects the movement of the said
thing. The lesser the mass ( weight ) of an object, the lesser the force is
needed to make it move in a distance.
19. An object with a greater mass requires greater amount of force
to make it move in a distance and to change its properties.

LESSON 4: SAFETY MEASURES IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES

20. Some signages that are found in school are “Keep off the grass.”,
“Follow the line.” and “Don’t loiter.” Signages are often located at
the garden, pathways, canteen and classrooms.
21. When signages are visible around, accidents may occur but
occurrence may be reduced.
22. Always exercise cautions when doing some activities.
23. Wearing appropriate protective gears or clothing for our safety
can reducesevere effects of accident.
24. When in public area like playground or park, always wait for your
turn or play with care all the time.
25. Accidents and injuries could be avoided if you are careful and
aware of the different safety measures your school implements. Here
are some reminders to become safe at school.
• The gate of the playground must be wide open to ensure that
nobody would be trapped when there is a need to evacuate.
• Swings and slides must be placed at a safe distant from each other.
• Do not block the exit areas of the playground.
 • Do not run in the corridors and in the pathways.
• Pass one at a time in going inside the classroom.
• Do not step on the chairs, tables or climb the shelves and cabinets
in your room.
• Avoid running when going out of your classroom.
• Avoid pushing or kicking each other when in line.
• Know the different fire or emergency exits in your school. Always
obey environmental prints or safety reminder signs in your school.
26. Safety measures when at home.
• Play your toys with care. Return them to put their proper places
after you’re through playing with it.
• Do not play “habulan” inside the house. You may bump into your
vases, cabinets and appliances that might hurt you.
• Do not climb cabinets and step on the chairs and tables.
• Do not use your vases, figurines and other display in your house for
toys.
• Do not play in your stairs. You might fall down.

LESSON 5: MAGNETS

27. Magnets can attract materials. Not all materials are attracted by
magnets.
28. Materials made of metals are those attracted by magnets. They
maybe made of iron, nickel and cobalt.
29. Materials which are non metals are not attracted by magnets.
These maybe made of rubber, plastic or wood.
30. Magnets can attract materials but not all materials are attracted
by magnets. Some materials like iron, nickel, metal or gold can attract
magnets.
31. Magnets have invisible magnetic field or poles which attracts
objects made of iron and metals.
32. One end of the magnet is the north pole and the other end or
opposite end is the south pole. S N
33. Several types of magnets.
• Regular magnet
• Bar magnet
• Horseshoe magnet.
34. Opposite poles attract each other. ( North and South Poles )
 35. Similar poles repel each other. ( South and South ) or ( North and
North )

LESSON 6: FORCE EXERTED BY MAGNETS

36. When the poles of the magnets are put near each other, they
have the force that will either pull them together or push them apart
or away from each other.
37. If the poles are different, then they will pull or attract each other.
One pole is SOUTH and the other pole is NORTH.
38. If the poles are the same, then they will push apart or repel each
other. It may be SOUTH and SOUTH or NORTH and NORTH.
39. The push or pull of a magnet is called MAGNITISM.

Chapter 2: LIGHT, HEAT and SOUND

LESSON 7: HEAT TRANSFER IN SOLID MATERIALS

40. Heat is a form of energy associated with the motion of particles

and capable of being transmitted through solid and liquid media by
conduction, convection and through empty space called radiation.as
a thermal energy, it can be transferred between different bodies with
different temperature.
41. The transferred of heat in solid materials are called
CONDUCTION. Conduction is the heat transfer through a substance or
from a substance to another substance by direct contact.
• Everything is made up of small particles. When the particles are
moving faster, there is more energy and the temperature is
higher.as fast-moving particles touch slow-moving particles the
energy is transferred.
• Materials that allow heat to flow or pass easily are called
CONDUCTORS like cooking utensils that are made of metals.
• Materials which heat passes slowly or some do not allow to flow or
pass through are called INSULATORS. These materials are made of
wood, plastic and ceramics.
42. Heat travels in air and water by CONVECTION. When liquid or gas
is heated, the molecules of the heated part move faster and away
from each other. Warm liquid rises and cold liquid sinks. This
movement continues until the liquid is evenly heated.
 • In wind and breezes, warm air rises, expands and cools. Cool air
sinks.
• Convections is the reason why we have wind movements and local
breezes.
• During DAYTIME, air over the land is heated so it rises and expands.
Cool air over the sea moves towards the land and that’s when we
feel a refreshing breeze by the seaside during daytime.
43. Heat can also be transmitted through an empty space or
vacuum. This is called RADIATION. Radiation does not depend on the
presence of matter to transfer heat.
• The heat we received from the sun is called RADIANT ENERGY.
• Radiant energy travels as waves through space. Examples of heat
transfer through space or radiation are the heat you feel when you
are near a heat source, the heat given off by an electric heater or
the heat from a bonfire.

LESSON 8: THE PATH OF THE LIGHT

44. Many scientists have been studying the nature of light. Some say
that lights behaves like a wave. Others see light behaves like a group
of particles.
45. Light always travel in a straight line when going through a single
medium or object. In some media like air, light travels quickly. In other
media such as water and glass, light travels more slowly.
46. A laser is narrow but powerful light that can travel long distance
but still focuses on a small area. We use laser light when we store
information in CDs. It also used to read codes in stores, libraries and
other establishments. It is used in printers and scanners.
47. LASER light has a great deal of heat energy. In industries, it is
used to cut, drill and bond materials together. In medicine, doctors
use laser to treat certain problems with internal organs and the skin.
48. OPTICAL FIBERS are very thin glass or plastic fibers that are
bundled together in a coated, flexible tube. The tube can be twisted
or bent without affecting the image that is sent. Optical fibers are
made from transparent materials that transmit visible, ultraviolet and
infrared lights. Optical fibers are used in communication, medicine
and industry.
LESSON 9: HOW SOUND TRAVELS IN DIFFERENT MATERIALS

49. A SOUND WAVE travels at different speed through different

media. As it travels, sound wave is created in response to a vibration
and how they move back to their original position. Another cause is
how strongly the particles are attached or attracted to each other.
50. VIBRATION is the back and forth movement of sound. Sound can
only be heard when there is vibration. The imaginary waves produce
are produced when an object vibrates. When a vibration is slow, low
moving waves are produced. When the vibration is fast, fast moving
waves are produced until such time the vibration stops.
51. In most solids, the particles are not attracted as strongly to each
other as those in solid particles. Sound waves tend to move a little less
quickly and bounce back less easily than in a solid. Sound waves tend
to travel more slowly in liquid than in solids.

LESSON 10: INVESTIGATING THE PROPERTIES OF LIGHT

52. Just as heat and sound travels, so does light. Light travels in
straight lines. Sometimes it bounces back into the direction of the
source. We call it REFLECTION. Water, windows, shiny metal and mirrors
are just some of the objects that reflect light.
53. As light travels, it travels in a straight line. However, when the light
travels from one material to another like water or mirror, the light path
is either bent or reflected back.
54. The way light bounces back is very much similar to the way a ball
bounces back on hard smooth surface. When you throw a ball straight
down, it bounces straight back to you.
55. When you throw a ball at an angle, it will bounce off at the same
angle away from you. Light reflects the same way off the mirror. Light
bounces off at the same angle that it struck the mirror.
56. When a pencil was placed in a glass of water, the pencil seemed
to be broken when at the top. When viewed from the side, the pencil
seemed to be thicker compared to the part that is not inside the glass
of water. When the pencil was taken out of the glass of water, no
change in the appearance of the pencil was noted.
57. When the pencil appeared to be broken, this means that light is
bent as it passes from air to the glass of water. Light bends as it passes
 from some objects when viewed at an angle. The light travels slower
in the water and the glass than in the air.
58. As the light changes speed, it changes direction resulting in what
appears to be bending of light. The bending of light is called
REFRACTION.
59. The colors of the rainbow and all the other colors that we see
around us are colors that come from the light of the sun. A RAINBOW
is formed when the light from the sun passes through raindrops. It is the
result of sunlight breaking into different colors. That is why we can see
rainbow after the rain. As the light bends, it separates into different or
the colors of the rainbow which are RED, ORANGE, YELLOW, GREEN,
BLUE, INDIGO and VIOLET or the ROYGBIV.
60. WHITE light has different colors which is the color s of the rainbow.
61. The letters of the word AMBULANCE are printed backwards and
are reversed in sequence so that they appeared readable when seen
in a rear-view mirror.

LESSON 11: INVESTIGATING THE PROPERTIES OF SOUND.

62. SOUND is a type of energy made by vibrations. When any object

vibrates, it causes movement in the air particles. These particles bump
into the particles close to them which cause them vibrate too. When
the vibration is fast, you can hear a loud sound while when the
vibration is slow, soft sound is created.
63. The LOUDNESS OF THE SOUND refers to how strong the sound
seems to us when it reaches our ears. Loud sounds means intense
sound. Sound loses intensity as it spreads outwards in all directions from
the source. So the loudness of the sound decreases between a person
and the source of the sound.
64. The softness or the loudness of sound is called VOLUME. If the
volume of the sound is controlled, there will be a varying degree of
loudness.
65. The sound that you hear may vary in different ways. Sound sounds
maybe too loud while others maybe too soft. The volume of the sound
depends on the strength of the vibration. The application of stronger
force causes a louder volume of the sound while lesser force makes a
softer sound . Loud sound may not be pleasant to the ear instead, it
becomes a noise.
 66. NOISE is an undesirable sound which disturbs the activities of
human or animal life. People react to some sounds in different ways.
Some sounds can distract us and break our concentration. In this
case, the sound becomes an unwanted noise.

LESSON 12: INVESTIGATING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOUND.

67. A sound wave travels at different waves through different media.

As it travels, it often bumps into objects it often encounters. If it hits a
hard smooth surface, the sound reflects.
68. When the sound reflects, it means that the sound bounces back.
The sound that bounces back is called ECHO.
69. Our ears hear the sound that is produced. When you shout, the
sound you make may bounce back to its original source in a form of
echo.
70. We cannot hear an echo if we are too close to a big hard wall.
The sound we made bounces back very fast and it mixes with the
original sound. We cannot tell which the original sound is and which
the echo is.
71. Conditions needed to make an echo:
• The original sound needs to be too loud.
• Sound must reflect in a surface.
• The reflecting surface must be large or wide.
72. Bats are animals that use sound in locating foods. This
transmission of sound waves which are used in locating objects is
called ECHOLOCATION.
73. Bats live everywhere. They hunt at night, sleep in hidden places
like caves and old buildings during the day and for the most part,
feed on insects, pollen, flowers and fruits. Most species of bats rely on
echolocation to help them find their food. That is why it is not a
problem at all for them to be able to catch insect in complete
darkness.
74. Whales, among other animals use echo to move and find their
way through the sometimes murky depths of the deep ocean. They
send out high-pitched sound which are bounced off an object and
return to the whale. The whale can determine how far the object
away. Whales are incredibly intelligent for they can also determine
such thing as texture, shape and size of the object.
 75. The study pf echoes is very important because our navies use
form of echolocation called RADAR to locate such things as other
ships and the seafloor.

LESSON 13: WAYS TO PROTECT ONESELF FROM INTENSE LIGHT, HEAT

AND SOUND

76. Too much heat, light and sound is not good for us. People who
are exposed to loud noise for a long periods may suffer loss of hearing.
77. People who are expose to too much heat and light may suffer
from the different skin ailments. Being aware of the bad effects of
heat, light and sound will enable us to protect ourselves from danger
brought about by too much exposure to these energy. Umbrella, hats
and sunglasses are things we can use to protect us from excessive
heat of the sun.
78. Ways to protect ourselves from the light and heat of the sun.
• We should avoid playing under the sun when it is high noon.
• Let us not look directly to the sun.
• Apply sunblock lotion when we go swimming.
79. Excessive noise is not good for us. People who are exposed to
loud noise for long periods may suffer loss of hearing. It maybe
temporary or permanent.
80. Loud sound coming from fire truck or ambulance sirens damage
the ear even if they are of short duration. Exposure to loud sound or
noise can cause a person tiredness, headache, hearing loss, vomiting,
irritability and tension.
81. Ways to avoid hearing ailments:
• Avoid having too much noise in a room.
• Use soft materials to cover hard surfaces.
• You may hang soft curtains on the walls and the glass windows to
absorb the loud noise coming from the outside.
• Put carpets on the floor to absorb the noise inside the house.
• In some classrooms and offices, noise absorber are fixed in the
ceiling and walls. These materials help prevent the sound from
bouncing back.
• People exposed to too uch noise must use ear protector to help
prevent hearing loos. Do not develop in listening to too loud music.
• Turn down the volume of too loud television or radio.
•
 SCIENCE – GRADE FOUR
THIRD QUARTER

I. Direction read each question very carefully. Select the letter of the
correct answer.

1. Which among the following objects requires a greater force to move?

A. Refrigerator B. Study Table C. Monoblock Chair D.
Television
2. Which among the objects below requires lesser force to move?
A. Book B. Notebook C. Pencil D. Blackboard eraser
3. Which of the following objects will move more easily when a force is
applied to it?
A. Plastic Dining Table C. Small Refrigerator
B. Empty Steel Cabinet D. Small Wooden Dining Table
4. If a boy will have to kick one object, which one from the list below will
move the farthest when kicked?
A. Shut put ball B. Softball C. Golf ball D. Tennis Ball
5. Which among the objects below will move faster when force is
applied?
A. Marble B. Pingpong Ball C. Pebbles D. Beach Ball
6. The following materials attract magnet except one. Which is NOT?
A. iron B. nickel C. cobalt D. wood
7. Magnets have magnetic end called poles. Opposite poles _____ each
other.
A. Repel B. Attract C. Connect D. Stick
8. If you are to push a cart, a box and a bicycle to a certain distance
from the starting line, which will require you to apply greater force?
A. Cart B. Box C. Bicycle D. all of them
9. The greater the mass an object, the greater the force is needed to
______ the object.
A. move B. stop C. roll D. push
10. A force that sets an object into motion is called ________.
A. Balance B. Moving C. Unbalanced D. Pushing
11. Suppose you push a door and your friend is on the other side
pushing the door. How will you describe the force and the effect of
your actions to the door?
A. The force is balanced and the door does not moved.
B. The force is unbalanced and the door may break.
 C. The door will push you both.
D. The door will push your friend away from you.
12. A marble that is standing still will move when _______________.
A. Bumped by another marble C. there is a strong wind
B. Touch by a person D. a force is applied on a marble.
13. Why do you need to use force I moving a ball up a ramp?
A. To move the ball away from the ramp. C. to let the ball roll on the
ramp
B. To add force to the ball. D. to allow the ball stay on the ramp
14. What causes objects to move?
A. Weight B. gravity C. force D. magnets
15. What will you do when there is car coming very fast while you are
on the street?
A. Do not cross the street. C. Walk slowly.
B. Stay on the side. D. Stay put where you are.

16. An oil spilled on the stairs where you need to pass in going to the
canteen. What will you do?
A. Do not walk on the floor with spilled oil.
B. Stay on the stairs.
C. Jump and hop to move away from the area where there is oil spill.
D. Dry the floor with clothes and walk away.
17. During an earthquake, which of the following should you need to
do?
A. Stay in safe place without objects that might fall on you.
B. Stay inside your room.
C. Stay outside where there is an open area.
D. Stay under your bed or any big able.
18. During Physical Education activities, what will you do if someone
pushes you?
A. Push the person in front of you. C. Hold on to someone near
you.
B. Push the person behind you. D. Tell them not to push anyone.
19. What will you do if you are transferring a glassware from one
place to another?
A. Walk slowly and carefully.
B. Handle the glassware carefully.
 C. Bring the glassware to the place where you need to transfer using a
box.
D. Hold the glassware tightly and walk.
20. When the same poles of two magnets whether North or South are
placed close to each other, they ___________.
A. Push each other. B. Pull each other. C. Unattracted each other.
D. Does not move.
21. If you break a magnet into pieces, what will happen to the force
that will be exerted by the magnet when used?
A. Force remains the same. C. Force will be doubled.
B. Force exerted will decrease. D. Force of each magnet will not be
affected.
22. Which statement correctly describe the picture?
A. The North seeking pole of one bar magnet
attracts the South seeking pole of another
bar magnet.
B. The two poles attract each other.
C. The iron fillings formed a shape around the magnet.
D. The iron fillings show that magnetic field is strongest at both poles.
23. What is the direction of heat transfer?
A. From hot to cold. B. bottom to top. C. From cold to hot. D. side to
side
24. How is heat is transferred in solid materials? Through __________.
A. Convection B. Radiation C. Conduction D. Vacuum
25. What happens to a liquid when heated?
A. It remains the same. C. It increase in temperature.
B. It increase in volume. D. It increases water level.
26. What may happen to a solid when it is continuously exposed to
heat?
A. It may become heavier. C. It may expand.
B. It may decrease in volume. D. It may melt.
27. When heat is transferred through gases, it is called ___________.
A. Convection B. Radiation C. Conduction D. Roasting
28. When the sound travels through solids, the vibration of the
particles occurs ___.
A. Fast B. slowly C. moderately D. irregularly
29. How do sound travels through air?
A. Very fast B. very slowly C. in jumping motion D. fast in random
manner.
30. In which medium can sound wave travel faster?
A. Solids B. Liquids C. Gases D. All of these.
31. What affects the speed of sound as it travels?
A. Person receiving it. C. The origin of the sound.
B. The nature of materials. D. Loudness of the sound.

32. Which of the following statements about sound is CORRECT?

A. Sound cannot travel through a solid.
B. Sound travels faster in air than in liquids.
C. Sound travels faster in solids than in air.
D. The travel of sound is not affected by the medium through which it
travels.
33. What happens to the water in the basin when you placed a drop
of water into it?
A. The water will flow. C. The water boils.
B. Circular waves appear in the basin of water. D. The water was
heated.
34. What is formed in the basin of water when a small marble was
dropped into it?
A. Bigger waves are formed. C. The water does not move.
B. The water change its temperature. D. The marble will float in the
water.
35. What was formed in the water when it was tapped lightly with a
pencil?
A. Circular waves are formed. C. Bubbles are formed.
B. The water disappears. D. The water boils.
36. Which of the following produce soft sound?
A. Drum set B. whistle C. jet D. buzzing bee
37. Which of the following produces the loudest sound?
A. jet B. piano C. telephone D. cry of a baby
38. Why does sound become weaker or fainter as it moves away
from the observer?
A. The sound is lowered by the operator.
B. The sound spreads to cover the smaller area.
C. The sound spreads to cover a larger area.
D. The sound is already absorbed by the environment.
39. Which pair of words is true?
 A. Flute: loudest sound C. whisper: soft sound
B. Cricket : no sound D. ambulance siren : soft sound
40. Which is TRUE about the characteristics of sound?
A. Sound could either be soft or loud.
B. The loudness of sound decreases as it moves nearer the observer.
C. Sound is not heard when it is exactly on the same spot as the
listener.
D. The loudness of sound increases as it moves away from the
observer.
41. Which of the following is good to use when we go out on a sunny
day?
A. Umbrella B. sunglasses C. sunblock D. all of these
42. Which of the following is good to use to protect our ears from the
noise in the environment?
A. Ear muffs B. cotton buds C. earrings D. all of these
43. Why is it not advisable to stay in hot and noisy places?
I. Our sense of hearing may be affected.
II. Our sense of sight may be damaged by the heat of the sun.
III. It may cause different skin problems.
A. I & II B. II & III C. 1 & III D. I, II & III
44. What must you do if you want to swim on a clear sunny day?
A. Wear a jacket so that your skin will not get burnt.
B. Wear protective footwear like boots.
C. Use a beach umbrella while swimming.
D. Apply sunblock lotion to protect your skin from the heat of the sun.
45. Which of the following shows the proper way of protecting
oneself from the heat of the sun.
A. Drinking plenty of water to keep hydrated during summer.
B. Wearing protective clothing like long sleeved cloth if you are
working under the sun.
C. Use wide-brimmed hat when working in the fields.
D. All of the above.

46. Why do we need to use pot holder when handling hot casserole
or any hot cooking wares?
A. To protect our hands from being hurt or burned.
B. To protect our new cuticles from fading.
 C. To maintain the softness of our hands.
D. None of the above.
47. When we are in the classroom, which of the following sound may
reach our ears first?
A. Sound from tapping the table.
B. Ring of the bell from the Principal’s Office.
C. Whisper of your classmates seated behind the room.
D. Chirps of the bird in a nearby acacia tree.
48. Which of the following statement is true?
A. Light always travel in a straight line.
B. Sound travels faster in air than in solid.
C. Heat transfer through liquid is called radiation.
D. Sound cannot travel through the air.
49. What happens to the loudness of the sound as one goes away
from it?
A. Remains the same. C. Decrease gradually.
B. Increase gradually. D. Fades abruptly.
50. Which of the following materials can be used to protect ourselves
from excessive heat and light? A. perfume B. hat C. bracelet
D. head band

II. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is wrong.

1. The stronger the force exerted, the farther the toy car travels.
2. A toy car travels farther when the force applied is stronger and nearer
when the a lesser force is applied.
3. Farther distance is travelled when the force is weak while stronger
force makes an object travel in a nearer distance.
4. All magnets have two north poles.
5. If you break a magnet into two pieces, you will have two magnets
with the same poles.
6. The pulling and pushing force is strongest at the north pole.
7. Most objects with iron are attracted to magnet.
8. Magnets can repel an object made of paper.
9. North pole and south pole attract each other.
10. A margarine on the end of a nail melts when placed near flame.
11. Heat moves from hot to cold objects.
12. A cold spoon exposed to a flame become hot.
13. Light travels in a zigzag path.
14. The light cannot pass through a cardboard because the
cardboard block the path of light.
15. Accident may happen during night time because the light is not
focused on the road especially when it bump or is being blocked by
objects in the road.
16. Light travels in a straight light when it passes through a single
medium.
17. The light that strikes a thick cardboard bends and find another
way to pass through it.
18. Light rays could not be blocked and could pass through all types
of materials since they travel on the straight line.
19. A laser is a narrow but powerful beam of light capable of
traveling far distance on a straight light.
20. Optical fibers are used in communication, medicine and industry.
21. Light can be reflected if it is directed towards a mirror.
22. Refraction is the bouncing back of light that strikes a clear
surface.
23. When somebody faces a mirror, his reflection can be seen in a
reversed manner.
24. Light travels faster in air than in liquids.
25. The speed of the light remains the same even if it travels from one
material to another.
26. The loudness of the sound decreases as we move away from the
source.
27. The loudness of a sound increases as we move away from the
source of the sound.
28. Lullabies have soft sound which are pleasant to hear compared
to rock music which created a loud sound.
29. A sound travels in the same speed through different media.
30. Echo is a sound wave that bounces back.
31. Light always travels in a straight line.
32. The light that strikes a thick cardboard bends and find another
way to pass through it.
33. Light rays could not be blocked and they could pass through all
types of materials since they travel on a straight line.
34. A laser is a narrow but powerful beam of light capable of
travelling far distance on a straight line.
35. Light travels faster in air than in liquid.
 36. The speed of light remains the same even if it travels from one
material to another.
37. Bats and dolphins use echolocation to locate their food and
determine their direction.
38. Only animals have the ability to use echolocation.
39. Some individuals has developed to use echolocation and thus,
able to see even if they are blind.

III. Answer the following questions in your own understanding.

1. When we expose half of a nail outside on a sunny day, then we cover

the outer half with cartoon, the covered half is still heated. Why is this
so?
2. When is the best time for us to dry our clothes outdoors, during a sunny
day or a cloudy day? Why?
3. Staying too long under sunlight may damage our skin due to radiation.
What must we do to protect our skin from being hurt by the heat of
the sun?
4. Corrugated paper cups are being used in most fastfood chains when
serving hot coffee or chocolate. Why is this so?
5. What will most likely to happen if the light used by big buses or other
mode of transportation was placed on the side of the vehicles?
6. If light coming out from a source like flashlights travel in a zigzag
manner instead of a straight line. Is it possible to focus on a specific
object?
7. Why is it not advisable to point a laser light toy to the eyes of a
person?
8. Is it possible for a human to breathe and speak at the same time
underwater without gadgets? Why?
9. A bird perched on a tree heard the chirping of another bird. A whale
heard a songlike sound made by another whale swimming near it.
Which sound travels faster, the birds’ chirping or the whales singing?
Explain.
10. Two of your friends made sound. One strongly tapped the table
while the other clapped his hands in the air. Which sound would you
hear first?