is separated

are called

are situated

are surrounded

is reflected
are retained

are pumped
are abssorbed
is recovered
is altered
is set up

are formed

is lost

is transported
is storeged

is felt
 Kidneys and Urinary Tract

What Are the Kidneys and Urinary Tract?

The urinary tract is one of the systems that our bodies use to get rid of
________
waste products. The kidneys are the part of the urinary tract that makes
________
urine (pee). Urine has salts, toxins, and water that need to be
__________
filtered out of the blood. After the kidneys make urine, it leaves the body
using the rest of the urinary tract as a ___________.
pathway

What Are the Parts of the Urinary Tract?

People usually have two kidneys, but can live a normal, ________
healthy life with
just one. The kidneys are under the __________
ribcage in the back, one on each
side. Each adult kidney is about the size of a ___________.
fist

Each kidney has an outer layer called the ___________,

cortex which contains
filtering units. The center part of the kidney, the __________
medulla has fan-shaped
structures called pyramids. These drain urine into cup-shaped tubes
called _______.
calyxes

From the calyxes, pee travels out of the kidneys through

stored
the ureters (pronounced: YUR-uh-ters) to be ________
storeg in the bladder (a
muscular _______
sac in the lower belly). When a person urinates, the pee exits
bladder and goes out of the body through the urethra (pronounced:
the ________
tub tube
yoo-REE-thruh), another ________-like structure. The male urethra ends at
the tip of the penis; the female urethra ends just above the __________
vaginal
opening.

What Do the Kidneys Do?

filtering
Kidneys have many jobs, from __________ blood and making pee to keeping
bones healthy and making a __________
hormone that controls the production of red
blood cells.

The kidneys also help _________

regulate blood pressure, the level of salts in the
blood, and the _______-base
acid balance (the pH) of the blood. All these jobs
make the kidneys essential to keeping the body working as it should.

How Do the Kidneys and Urinary Tract Work?

artery
Blood travels to each kidney through the renal ______. indentation
The artery enters the
kidney at the hilus (pronounced: HY-luss), the _________
inventation in middle of the
kidney that gives it its bean ________.
shape The artery then branches so blood can
get to the nephrons (pronounced: NEH-fronz) — 1 million __________ tiny
tinni
filtering units in each kidney that remove the harmful ___________
susbtances from the
blood.

Each of the nephrons contain a filter called the ___________.The

glomerulous fluid that is
filtered out from the blood then travels down a tiny tube-like structure called
a tubule (pronounced: TOO-byool). The tubule _________
adjusts the level of salts,
water, and wastes that will leave the body in the urine. Filtered blood leaves
the kidney through the renal __________
vein and flows back to the heart.

Pee leaves the kidneys and _________

travels through the ureters to the bladder. The
bladder expands as it fills. When the bladder is full, nerve endings in its wall
send ___________
messages to the brain. When a person needs to pee, the bladder
walls tighten and a __________-like
ring muscle that guards the exit from the
bladder to the urethra, called the sphincter (pronounced: SFINK-tur),
__________
relaxes This lets pee go into the urethra and out of the body.

What Can Help Keep the Kidneys and Urinary Tract Healthy?

To help keep your kidneys and urinary tract healthy:

• Get plenty of ___________.

exercies
• Eat a _________
nutritions diet. nutritious
• Stay hydrated.
• germs
For girls: Wipe from front to back after pooping so __________ don't
get into the urethra.
• Avoid bubble baths, sitting in the tub after shampoo has been used, and
scented soaps. These can __________
irritate the urethra.
• Wear _________ underwear.
cotton
• Promptly change out of wet bathing suits.
• check --
Go for regular medical ____________. check ups
• Talk to your doctor before taking any supplements or _________ herbal
treatments.
• Let the doctor know about any family history of ________
kidney problems,
diabetes, or high blood pressure.
• Let the doctor know if you have any _________
swelling or puffiness, have pain
with peeing, need to pee often, have ___________
fomi? urine or blood in the
urine, or are constipated. foamy