FUNDAMENTALS OF FROST DIAGRAM

It is a between AFI and

graph
oxidation slate of a species

AGO change in Gibb's function for

reduction of that species into its
elemental form
NEO is n
it is basically graph J
between two
hence slope of graph
represent seduction potential of
species
species into its next oxidation
that
state
B
A slope from A
is seduction Pot
A into B a
y
B l
L l l
C 1
I
O 1 2

from B e is seduction
Slope
pet B e f
J
Here Bee c y
B A te she
c Eocene y n ive
 B a and c
Disproportionation
J
not feasible
B is stable

on this situation
A
f A 1 C
n 2B
NE r l
B
t Eau y N tire
Yu 1
hence species
1 I B will disproportion
C

I 2 info A and B
n 7 hence unstable
 FROST AND LAT MIER DIAGRAM

Suppose we have Latmies diagram

certain Mr shown
for species as

in
Fg
24
Ma 0.71 Mt
Mimi
thongs.su

The frost diagram will be

corresponding
as shown

101042
m 1
2
I 70.55

0.4700
0.4 1

no
 on
hilltop mt3

m
f
T
ME

Mt in Valley

Stable to Me and
Mt m
valley
M can con proportionate

Mat m 2M spontaneous

M on hill top will disproportionate

into MH and Mt

2M Mt M spontaneous
 LATMIER DIAGRAM FOR Nz IN ACIDIC MEDIUM

79
HNoj
nnq E
Nose
Nyo
Hye nzoltts.nz.fi
1.68Vd E0 l

4533VR E0
1 37

E 1.254 Volt

FROST DIAGRAM FOR Nz IN ACIDIC

MEDIUM

7 Hmg
t N 21 16.27kt
s Hwa
f 48 Volt
y pro ftp.zbv
z
NE 3.369
r

NZ y q.tv
3
l I
2 X
i

NHgt 0 I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
i
go.o.sn
Co cov
8Mt be 2N Hgt O 27N
T Nz Enquist
neo 3 027
0.81C
2h t Nzo be Nz 1 tho i E 177
NEO 1 1 77 1n

4Mt 2hr0 the Nz ZUO 4.68

NEO 2 1 68 33bV

24hr02 2615 be Nz x gtfo

177
EO
4001
1
593 177
1 4236 I 5g
1 00

NEO
736

Nz 4W 4
2hr02 But tee fg
a
1.121 1 ro t I 597177 5 4
Eo
4

NEO 5.48M

2mn03 110Mt toe Nz 61h0

079 11.12 11.00 1591 7 77

E mmgNz
5

5 48 0 79 6 V
NEO
frost and latmies diagram for Mn

na

o 283

025 Volt
o 874
o 774
744 Volt

6
o 774
4 6449
0744 7
5.208ft

m
y 9H

y.gg
0.8574
0.283 3
 Frost Diagrams

NEθ

N= oxidation state

• so, NEθ is proportional to the free energy

of a compound in oxidation state “N”
relative to its elemental form
(ie, NEθ = –Gθ/F)
 Frost Diagrams

so, the position of a

nitrogen compound
on this graph gives
us its stability
relative
to N2

Fig 5.5

N
kn NaHu E
Fig 5.6
The slope of the lines
connecting species on
a Frost diagram is
equal to the redox
potential for the rxn
converting the species
on the right to the
species on the left

How so?
 Frost Diagram

example