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Dependent Variable The dependent variable (the one I intend to measure) is the volume of gas
produced in each reaction. Dependent Variable The dependent variable (the one I intend to measure)
is the volume of gas produced in each reaction. I then went on to use the chosen piece of apparatus
for my preliminary work. Hence, there is a chemical need to remove hydrogen peroxide in a very
rapid rate In order to avoid this toxicity, the enzyme Catalase is present in sufficient. Hopefully, you
will record concordant results for each repeat, so if an anomaly occurs, you can discount it and
repeat the procedure again. This results in a bigger proportion of molecules having kinetic energy
greater than that of the activation energy. Effect of hydrogen peroxide concentration on the rate of?
If all the independent variables were experimented with as dependant variables then a nearly perfect
conclusion could be drawn. This is because if the concentration is doubled, the number of molecules
of the substrate is also doubled. This shows that my results were relatively accurate for each
individual concentration. I did this by only using pipettes, which have a very small apparatus error
when compared to beakers. However, I also believed that if I halved the concentration then the rate
of reaction (volume of oxygen produced) would also be halved, and so the rate would be
proportional to the concentration. This is demonstrated by my rate of reaction graph, which shows
that for the 100% concentration of hydrogen peroxide, the rate of reaction was 8cm 3 second -1, and
the 90% concentration was only 7.4cm 3 second -1. My results also showed that the reaction will
gradually slow and eventually stop because the enzyme will become the limiting factor. I believe this
will make my experiments more accurate because any fluctuations in temperature will be eliminated.
Mar 2011 Catalase breaks hydrogen peroxide into water andoxygen The chemical In this experiment,
the substrate is hydrogen peroxide The purpose. Analysis From the graph, I can see that as the
concentration of hydrogen peroxide decreased, the volume of oxygen produced decreased as a
direct result. I believe that the data also shows a strong positive correlation, and there are few
outliers, which shows that my results are accurate. This is also very relevant because we may not get
the opportunity to do the whole experiment in one day or in the same classroom. Further
Experiments Consequently, I have decided to do further experiments with concentrations of 10%
and 30% hydrogen peroxide. For example, if there were more molecules of yeast, the rate of reaction
would increase because there would be more collisions between enzyme and substrate molecules. Jun
2008 This is an experiment to examine how the concentration of the substrate hydrogen peroxide
affects the rate of reaction of the enzyme catalase. IB Biology on decomposition of Hydrogen
Peroxide by? For example, three repeats with the 100% concentrated solution yielded 48cm 3, 49cm
3 and 48cm 3 of oxygen, respectively. However, there are some factors that I must take into
consideration. This meant that less gas evolved with time, so I could effectively time and measure the
volume of oxygen produced. The Graph to compare the rate of reaction between catalase and
hydrogen peroxide to the surface area of the catalase shows that, in general, as the surface area of the
catalase increases, the rate of reaction between the catalase and the hydrogen peroxide increases. I
think that my method for finding how the concentration of catalase affects the rate of the reaction
between catalase and hydrogen peroxide was the best possible one under school laboratory
conditions. This enabled me to work out an average by adding up three repeat values and dividing by
3. However, little is known about the abundance, diversity, and distribution of catalases in bacteria.
See other similar resources ?0.00 (no rating) 0 reviews Download Save for later Not quite what you
were looking for.
Apparatus Limitations Firstly, there were limitations on the apparatus that I used. Another factor
which I found out later when I drew my graphs was that there were limitations to the range of
results I collected, so I decided to collect more results. Other product and company names shown
may be trademarks of their respective owners. Further Experiments Consequently, I have decided to
do further experiments with concentrations of 10% and 30% hydrogen peroxide. In this study, we
systematically surveyed and classified the homologs of three catalase families from 2,634 bacterial
genomes. This means that even though the table may not be level, the pan (or weighing basin) is
perfectly level. The method which I used to do this can be seen below. Nov 2014 Hydrogen peroxide
is also a dangerous, very potent by-product of metabolism, This meant that because the enzyme
concentration (catalase in yeast) In my first preliminary experiment I just weighed 1 0g of yeast as it
was. So, although my results did show a positive correlation, it wasn't necessarily an accurate
correlation because my results do not follow specific trends. The reaction is over when you have
recorded three volumes of gas that are concordant or very similar. However, there are some factors
that I must take into consideration. Below is a table showing the average results (Fig. 5). Figure 5:
average volumes of oxygen produced for each concentration of hydrogen peroxide From these
results, I can instantly see that less gas was evolved after the first 5 seconds as the concentration
decreased and that the overall volume of gas also became successively lower in each decreased
concentration. In the case of catalase it was around 6.5. This is just where the active site is not
affected by changes in the tertiary structure due to denaturing by the pH. This is because, at higher
temperatures, molecules of both enzyme and substrate have more kinetic energy and collide more
often. This is unexpected because it would have been expected that the pH was to be more neutral,
but according to. This would show that the reaction is a first-order reaction. In other words, since
there were fewer molecules initially, this resulted in a lower probability that the molecules would
collide. Write a review Update existing review Submit review Cancel It's good to leave some
feedback. I believe that my results were also relatively reliable because as the concentration
decreased the volume of oxygen produced also decreased. In addition, catalases are also involved in
multiple cellular processes, such as cell development and differentiation, as well as metabolite
production. The name of the enzyme is catalase (KAT-uh-LAYSS); it speeds up a reaction This
reaction is important to cells because hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is produced as a byproduct of many
normal cellular reactions Experiment Summary. Without catalase, the decomposition would take
much longer and would not be fast enough to sustain human life. For example, three repeats with the
80% concentration had values of 32cm 3, 33cm 3, and 32cm3, respectively, which means that a
similar number of substrates was present in each reaction. Aside from these two tweaks, the method
seems accurate. Download Free PDF View PDF Effect of pH on Catalase Activity Darya Vavilava
Download Free PDF View PDF See Full PDF Download PDF Loading Preview Sorry, preview is
currently unavailable. Identification of bacteria, Bacterial identification, Lab identification of b.
There is not much room for error in the use of the apparatus, except for where the bubbles are
collected. Nov 2014 Hydrogen peroxide is also a dangerous, very potent by-product of metabolism,
This meant that because the enzyme concentration (catalase in yeast) In my first preliminary
experiment I just weighed 1 0g of yeast as it was. Comments kerrie watret on January 30, 2020:
outstanding piece of biology. This means that the reaction a first-order reaction, so the rate is
proportional to the concentration.
Jan 2011 Miss Nichol shows you how to do the catalase rates of reaction coursework. See other
similar resources ?0.00 (no rating) 0 reviews Download Save for later Not quite what you were
looking for. For example, I knew that the 100% concentration of hydrogen peroxide reaction was
over because I recorded 88cm 3 at least five times. Given the pH scale is logarithmic, these results
are giving evidence to suggest that the percentage of Hydrogen ions is nearly a quarter of that of the
neutral solution. Though, in theory, this should be the trend, my results did not demonstrate this
pattern. One such variable will be the mass of yeast for each experiment (0.2g). I will make sure that
I measure 0.2g of yeast as accurately as I can using the balance. Apparatus Limitations Firstly, there
were limitations on the apparatus that I used. Although I tried to control the temperature in a water
bath, and to good effect (a constant external temperature was produced, and the heat energy was
dissipated), I could not control the amount of heat given off in each reaction. I did this by only using
pipettes, which have a very small apparatus error when compared to beakers. You can download the
paper by clicking the button above. This makes it more likely that the enzyme molecules will collide
with the substrate and react. When these atoms approach these charges, the charged protein atoms
could be attracted to the hydrogen or hydroxyl atoms and break away from the protein. More
importantly, the greater the surface area of the yeast, the more reactions take place because there will
be more collisions between the enzyme and substrate molecules. In the second preliminary
experiment, I measured the volume of gas every 10 seconds but found that the reaction was over
before I had enough measurements and that the results I gained would not be sufficient to obtain
enough data to make a valid conclusion. This meant that there were fewer successful collisions
overall (see Fig. 6 below). The initial rate of reaction was fastest for the 100% concentration of
hydrogen peroxide and gradually decreased with each successive concentration (90%, 80%, etc.).
This can be explained by the collision theory, which states that the time it takes for a reaction to
occur—and a set volume of gas to be evolved—is shorter for higher concentrations of substrate. Nov
2014 Hydrogen peroxide is also a dangerous, very potent by-product of metabolism, This meant that
because the enzyme concentration (catalase in yeast) In my first preliminary experiment I just
weighed 1 0g of yeast as it was. This is unexpected because it would have been expected that the pH
was to be more neutral, but according to the readings the pH of the potato was 6.4. This is even more
unexpected. Figure 6: average final volumes of oxygen for each concentration of hydrogen peroxide
Concentration of Hydrogen Peroxide 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% Final Volume of Oxygen (in
cm cubed) 88.3 73.3 63.7 63.7 44.7 37 Evaluation Overall, I believe my experiment went well and
that I gained sufficient results because I repeated each concentration three times and investigated
eight concentrations in total. Catalase speeds up the decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide, a toxic
waste product of metabolic reactions. If the line of best fit is correct, it would make this value an
anomaly, which clearly it is not since it is the most accurate value on the graph. The reaction is
exothermic, meaning heat is produced in the reaction. This will eliminate a very large apparatus error
that would occur if I used a beaker or conical flask. This is expected because of the varying values of
the pH that should be seen to have the same effect on the catalase between the 10ml and the 20ml
experiments. Preliminary Work As a result of my preliminary work, I have identified problems that
may occur in my main investigation, such as timing, measuring, and keeping variables that I am not
investigating constant. They all have the ability to respire using oxygen as a terminal electron
acceptor. To find out if a particular bacterial isolate is able to produce catalase enzyme, small
inoculum of bacterial isolate is mixed into hydrogen peroxide solution (3%) and is observed for the
rapid elaboration of oxygen bubbles occurs. Also we are unable to tell the height of the froth. Nov
2014 Hydrogen peroxide is also a dangerous, very potent by-product of metabolism, This meant that
because the enzyme concentration (catalase in yeast) In my first preliminary experiment I just
weighed 1 0g of yeast as it was. Line of Best Fit As can be seen from the rate of reaction graph, the
concentrations of 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and 90% are relatively even and would suggest that I have
drawn the line of best fit in the correct location. The typical catalases are rich in all the analyzed
bacterial phyla except Chlorobi, in which the catalase-peroxidases are dominant.
Nov 2011 Class practical or demonstration Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a by-product Cells make
the enzyme catalase to remove hydrogen peroxide A collection of experiments that demonstrate
biological concepts and processes. This meant an increase in reaction rate and was visible because
the oxygen was produced a lot faster. Quizitive on April 09, 2013: What mark did this get.
Consistent Temperature Temperature is a major factor which affects the rate of reaction. If my
replicates had not been so close, I would have had to change the tube. This meant that there were
fewer successful collisions overall (see Fig. 6 below). The initial rate of reaction was fastest for the
100% concentration of hydrogen peroxide and gradually decreased with each successive
concentration (90%, 80%, etc.). This can be explained by the collision theory, which states that the
time it takes for a reaction to occur—and a set volume of gas to be evolved—is shorter for higher
concentrations of substrate. Nov 2011 Class practical or demonstration Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is
a by-product Cells make the enzyme catalase to remove hydrogen peroxide A collection of
experiments that demonstrate biological concepts and processes. However, in my next preliminary
experiment, I decided this would be unfair in the main procedure. I solved this by swirling the
conical flask constantly throughout the reactions, which seemed to solve the problem, although this
meant that the amount of swirling had to be the same in order to ensure a fair test. Here, the enzyme
divided up the substrate into much smaller parts. Excluding the streptococci, enterococci, and a few
other genera, most aerobic and facultative bacteria possess catalase activity. Firstly, more oxygen
dissolves in water at low temperatures than at high temperatures, meaning that for the reactions
involving low concentrations, more oxygen would have dissolved than in the higher concentrations
because of the decreased amount of heat energy given off. From the two graphs I produced, it is hard
to tell if the catalase and hydrogen peroxide would reach their maximum level, as I researched. The
line of best fit also suggests values of concentrations which I have not investigated. It has a high
affinity for its substrate, Hydrogen Peroxide, which is dramatically demonstrated by the violent
reaction which takes place between the two. Another factor which was hard to measure was the
volume of gas produced because some of the higher concentration reactions were very fast, so it was
hard to read the correct values every time. Further testing, using more catalase or allowing the
reaction to continue for longer would show if the reaction would level off. Aside from these two
tweaks, the method seems accurate. Figure 3: blank table to fill in Implementing I had to change the
volume of hydrogen peroxide used from 5cm 3 to 4cm 3 because the first reaction with 100%
hydrogen peroxide went too fast to collect oxygen at a measurable rate. I tried to make this as
accurate as possible by keeping my eyes level with the gas syringe. This would show that the reaction
is a first-order reaction. Also, there was one experiment where the reaction to displace 20ml of water
was timed. I believe that the graph will start off steep in all the reactions but steepest in the 100%
concentration of hydrogen peroxide and gradually decrease as the concentration of hydrogen
peroxide decreases. At a temperature below the optimum, the molecules have less kinetic energy, so
the rate of collisions between enzyme and substrate molecules is low; therefore, fewer enzyme-
substrate complexes are formed. So, for example, the 40% concentration should have a curve
gradient near to the value of 3. Activity of the Enzyme Catalase with Hydrogen Peroxide - Activity
of the of the reaction between Hydrogen peroxide and a potato, with the enzyme catalase,
coursework is based round the osmosis process that takes place in potatoes. Top job Agash Praba on
June 19, 2014: This is the very good the piece of the work but i think the conclusion could be the
better man so the marks could the be the highest. tanks. biochemi on January 19, 2014: Nice hub with
great information about enzyme kinetics. For example, three repeats with the 80% concentration had
values of 32cm 3, 33cm 3, and 32cm3, respectively, which means that a similar number of substrates
was present in each reaction. Also, because the hydrogen peroxide had to be inserted into the syringe
before the reaction could begin, the amount of time it would be out of the water bath (which I intend
to use in my main experiment) was longer than necessary. Activity of the Enzyme Catalase with
Hydrogen Peroxide - Activity of the of the reaction between Hydrogen peroxide and a potato, with
the enzyme catalase, coursework is based round the osmosis process that takes place in potatoes.
Further work to reach a better conclusion may be to research into more scientific theories and carry
out experiments repeatedly until an accurate set of averages is achieved. Planning- To improve the
full method would have to be included as well as more discussion of the key control variables in the
experiment. Clean and Dry Equipment I also had to make sure I washed out the conical flask and
beaker thoroughly with distilled water and dried them sufficiently. Again, the final volume of
oxygen produced at 30% was 27.3cm 3, whilst the final value produced in the 60% concentration
was 44.7cm3, which is also not double. I believed this was accurate, but upon reflection, using a
pipette would have been much more accurate as pipettes have a much lower apparatus error than
volumetric flasks. The line of best fit also suggests values of concentrations which I have not
investigated. Our customer service team will review your report and will be in touch. ?0.00 (no
rating) 0 reviews Download Save for later ?0.00 (no rating) 0 reviews Download Save for later Last
updated 21 November 2016 Share this Share through email Share through twitter Share through
linkedin Share through facebook Share through pinterest amydixon 3.33 4 reviews Not the right
resource. Obviously, I could improve upon the same experiment that I have already done by
repeating it and therefore getting a better average. The amount of gas is then measured by timing
how long it took until 10ml of water in the test tube was displaced by the output of gas from the
reaction test tube. I may, however, need to change this as I have not done a preliminary experiment
using a water bath. This will vary as a direct result of the different concentrations of hydrogen
peroxide. I also want to decrease in 10% increments because I believe it will provide me with closer
results rather than decreasing by 20%, which would mean testing a concentration of 0% of hydrogen
peroxide. This was due to the higher concentration of catalase reacting with the same volume of
hydrogen peroxide. Being a breaking enzyme, each catalase molecule acquired a molecule of
hydrogen peroxide substrate on its active site. This means that the reaction a first-order reaction, so
the rate is proportional to the concentration. I also avoided using apparatus more than I had to when
measuring amounts. Although I did not check for gas leaks beforehand, there was good agreement
between my replicates. This can be explained by the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve. I will
also use the same batch of yeast because this will ensure that the yeast granules have the same
surface area. The Investigation of Catalase With Hydrogen Peroxide. This would have affected the
number of molecules of hydrogen peroxide present, which in turn would have affected the number of
collisions between enzyme and substrate molecules. Enzymes have their optimum temperature which
is when the molecules of the enzyme are moving at their fastest. Nov 2014 Hydrogen peroxide is also
a dangerous, very potent by-product of metabolism, This meant that because the enzyme
concentration (catalase in yeast) In my first preliminary experiment I just weighed 1 0g of yeast as it
was. The hydrogen peroxide is inserted into a 5cm 3 beaker and then tipped over to 'spill' the
contents and start the reaction. Subsequently, if there are more molecules, then there will be more
collisions taking place, and therefore, more reactions between enzyme and substrate molecules per
second, and so oxygen is evolved more rapidly. This will vary as a direct result of the different
concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. This could have occurred due to inaccurate recordings or
changes in the independent variables. Finally, I also want to determine whether or not half the 100%
concentration of hydrogen peroxide (50%) will produce half the volume of gas. Hence, there is a
chemical need to remove hydrogen peroxide in a very rapid rate In order to avoid this toxicity, the
enzyme Catalase is present in sufficient. This is because fewer overall collisions took place, and so a
reduced number of collisions reached the activation energy.