STATISTICS AND

PROBABILITY
Probability-is a branch of mathematics that deals with the
likelihood of observing one possible outcomes that can occur in
one event.
-It is the underlying concepts and skills on which important
method of inferential statistics are founded.
Outcome- refers to each result of an experiment or succession of
events
Sample space- is the set of all possible outcomes of an experiment.
Event-is a subset of all possible outcomes.
Compound event -occurs when an event is composed of two or
more outcomes.
RANDOM VARIABLE
Random Variable is a variable whose possible
values are determined by chance.
- It is represented by an uppercase letter
usually X, while its corresponding lowercase
letter in this case, x, is used to represent one
of its value.
Example: A coin is tossed thrice. Let the
variable X represent the number of heads that
result from the experiment.
The result of an experiment such as flipping
a coin is called outcome or simple event.
The set of all possible outcomes is a sample
space.
Event is a subset of all possible outcomes.
In example no.1 we created 8 possible
outcomes.
In the illustration above, random variable is
represented by the upper case X. The lower case x
represents the specific values. Hence x= 3,x=2, x=1,
x=2, x=1, x=1, and x=0.
The sample space for the possible outcomes is
S={ H H H, HHT, HTH, HTT, THH, THT,TTH,
TTT}
-The value of the variable X can be 0,1,2,or 3.Then,
in this example X is a random variable.
Example no.2 Two dice are rolled, what are the possible
outcome.
The sample space for the first die is
{1,2,3,4,5,6} and the sample space
for the second die is {1,2,3,4,5,6}.
How many sample space are there?
Random Variables can be either discrete or
continuous.
Discrete random variable can only take a
finite(countable) number of distinct values. Discrete
values mean values that are exact and can be
represented by nonnegative whole numbers.
-This are values that the results of counting examples
are number of eggs, number of students present,
number of computers in the laboratory room etc.
Continuous random variable can be
assume an infinite number of values
in an interval between two specific
values. Example are length, weight,
volume, temperature, or time yields
continuous variables.
Determine if the random variables X or Y is discrete or
continuous.
1.X= number of points scored in the last season by a
randomly selected basketball player in the PBA.
2.Y= the height of randomly selected student inside the
library in centimeter
3.X= number of birds in a neat
4.Y= the weights in kilogram of randomly selected
after taking ep aerobics.
Discrete Probability Distribution- a
listing of all possible values of a
discrete random variable along with
their corresponding probabilities.
- It can be represented in tabular,
graphical or formula form.
The following properties must be satisfied before
a distribution can be considered a discrete
probability distribution.
1.The probability of each value of a discreet
random variable is between 0 and 1 inclusive.
0≤P (x)≤1
2. The sum of all the probabilities is 1
∑P (x)=1
Example 1. Consider the following table
x 0 1 2 3
P(x) 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

The corresponding probabilities are each less than

1 but greater than 0 and when added, the sum is 1.
∑ P(x)= 0.2+0.3+0.3+0.2= 1
Ex2. The given spinner is divided into four sections. Let X be
the score where the arrow will stop (numbered as 1,2,3,and 4
a. Find the probability that the arrow will stop at 1,2,3,and 4.
b.Construct the discrete probability distribution of the random
variable X
Sol.a. P(1)= ¼
P(2)=1/4
P(3)=1/4
P(4)= ¼
Sol. b
X 1 2 3 4
P(x) 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4

∑P(x)= P(1)+P(2)+P(3)+P(4)
= ¼ +1/4+1/4+1/4
=1
Ex.3.The spinner below is divided into 8th sections. Let X be the
sore where the arrow will stop (numbered as 1,2,3,and 5)
a. Find the probability that the arrow will stop at 1,2,3 and 5
b.Construct the discrete probability distribution of the random
Variable X
Ex.4 When two fair dice are thrown simultaneously, the possible
outcomes are the as follows:

a. Find the probability of each possible values.(2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11

and 12.
b.Construct the discrete probability distribution of the random
variable X
Quiz no. 2 10 pts each.
1.Toss a fair coin twice and Let X be equal to the number of Heads
(H) observed.
a. Construct the discrete probability distribution of X.
2. A discrete random variable X has the following probability
distribution:
a, Determine P (2)

X 0 1 2 3 4
P(x) 0.1 0.2 ? 0.2 0.2
3. A random Variable X has the following probability
distribution.
a. Determine C.
x 1 2 3 4
P(x) 0.21 29c 0.29 0.21
Quis no. 2.2pts each.
Classify the following random variables as discrete or
continuous.
1.P= the number of point scored in a basketball game
2.Q=the number of employees in a call center who are
Bachelor of Science in Nursing graduates
3.P=the heights of varsity layers in your school in meters
4.Q=the number of books you borrowed in the library during
your elementary years
5.P= the numbers of money spent by a family in one month
6.Q= the number of chicken wings sold by a fast food
13-20. A random X has the following probability distribution:
X 1 2 3 4 5
P(X) 1/10 3/b 2/5 1/4 1/10
a. Find b
b.Construct a probability histogram to describe
P(x).
21-30. A random variable s has the following probability
distribution:
X 1 2 3 4 5
P(x) 0.1 2k 0.4 0.25 0.1

a.Find k
b.Construct a probability histogram to describe P(x).
 1 2
2 3

2 4
1
1

31-40.The spinner below is divided into eight sections. Let X be the

score where the arrow will stop(numbered as 1,2,3,and 4.
a. Find the probability of landing on 1,2,3,and 4.
b.Construct a probability distribution for the random variable x.
Mass Function of a Discrete Random Variable
- A probability mass function (pmf) is a function over
the sample space of a discrete random variable X
which gives the probability that X is equal to a
certain value. f(x)=P[X=x].
-The pmf of x is denoted by f(x) and satisfies the
following two basic properties:
1. f(x)= P(X=x)≥ 0 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 𝜖 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑆 −
which mean for every element in x in the support S,
all the probability must be positive.
2. Σ 𝑓 𝑥 = Σ𝑃 𝑋 = 𝑥 = 1 −
𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠
𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑥 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑚𝑢𝑠𝑡
𝑏𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜 1.
The Support S of a random variable is the set of values
that the random variable can take.
Example 1. Suppose a random variable X can only take
the four values ( 0,1,2, and 3). If each value has equal
probability, then its probability mass function is :
F(x) =¼ if x=0
F(x)= ¼ if x=1
F(x) = ¼ if x= 2
F(x) =1/4 if x=3
F(x)= 0, otherwise
In simplified form, the pmf can be represented as
F(x)= ¼, if x= 0,1,2,or 3
= 0, otherwise
Here the Support, denoted by S, is S= { 0,1,2,3,}
Ex. 2. Let f(x)= kx for x= 1,2,3,4. Find k so that f(x)
satisfies the two properties of being a probability mass
function.
σ 4
Sol. Σ 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥=1 𝑘𝑥 = 1
1= k(1)+k(2)+k(3)+k(4)
1=1k+2k+3k+4k
1=10k
(1/10)1=10k(1/10)
k= 1/10
 1
For x 𝜖 1,2,3,4 , 𝑃 𝑋 = 𝑥 = = 𝑥 > 0.
10
For x ∉ 1,2,3,4, , 𝑃 𝑋 = 𝑥 = 0
In simplified form
F(x)= 1/10 x, if x= 1,2,3,or 4
= 0, otherwise.
By substitution:
P(X=1)=1/10
P(X=2)= 2/10
P(X= 3)= 3/10
P(X=4)= 4/10
Therefore, P(X)≥ 0.
b. To check that the sum of the probabilities is 1, we have:
1 2 3 4
Σ𝑃 𝑋 =𝑥 = + + +
10 10 10 10
=10/10
=1
Both properties of a probability mass function are satisfied. So,
k=1/10.

x 1 2 3 4
P(X=x) 1/10 2/10 4/10 4/10
Ex. 3. Consider the pmf:
F(x)= P(X=x)= 1/6 x, if x∈ = 1,2,3
= 0, otherwise
Show that PX=x) is indeed a probability mass function.
Sol. A. P(X=x)=1/6x >0 for x∈ 1,2,3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑃 𝑋 = 𝑥 = 0 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 ∉ 1,2,3 .
Therefore, P (X=x)≥ 0.
The nonnegative property of the probability mass function is satisfied.
b. σ3𝑥=1 𝑃 𝑋 = 𝑥 = 𝑃 𝑋 = 1 + (𝑃 𝑋 = 2 + 𝑃(𝑋 = 3)
= 1/6 (1)+1/6 (2)+1/6 (3)
=1/6+2/6+3/6
=6/6 or 1
The property that the sum of the probabilities is equal to 1 is satisfied
therefore, P)X=x) is indeed a probability mass function.
Ex. 4. Consider the following pmf:
F(x)=1/30x2 , if x∈ {1,2,3,4}
= 0, otherwise
Show that f (x) is indeed a probability mass
function.
TITLE LOREM IPSUM

LOREM IPSUM DOLOR SIT AMET, NUNC VIVERRA IMPERDIET ENIM. PELLENTESQUE HABITANT MORBI
CONSECTETUER ADIPISCING ELIT. FUSCE EST. VIVAMUS A TELLUS. TRISTIQUE SENECTUS ET NETUS.
 MEAN AND
VARIANCE OF A
DISCRETE
PROBABILITY
Sit Dolor Amet
DISTRIBUTIONS
The mean of a discrete random variable X is also called
the expected value of X- is the weighted average of all
the values that the random variable X would assume in
the long run.
The mean or expected value of a discrete random
variable X is computed using the following Formula:
E(X)=Σ[xP(x)
Where X=discrete random variable
x=outcome or value of the random variable
P(x)= probability of the outcome x
Example 1. A researcher surveyed the households in a
small town. The random variable X presents the number of
college graduates in the households. The probability
distribution of X is:
X 0 1 2
P(x) 0.25 0.50 0.25

Find the mean or expected value of X.

Sol.
X P(x) XP(x)
0 0.25 0
1 0.50 0.50
2 0.25 0.50
Σ[𝑥𝑃 𝑥 = 1.00
The expected value is 1. So the average number
E(X)=
of college graduate in the household of the small
Σ 𝑥 𝑃𝑥
town is one.
= 1.00
Example no.2
A random variable X has this probability distribution:
X 1 2 3 4
P(x) 0.10 0.20 0.45 0.25
Calculate the expected values.
X P(x) xP(x)
1 0.10 0.10
2 0.20 0.40
3 0.45 1.35
4 0.25 1.00 So, E(X)= 2.85
Σ[𝑥𝑃 𝑥 = 2.85
Variance and Standard Deviation of a Discrete Random
Variable- is denoted by Q2 or can be written as Var (x)-
is the expected value of the square of the difference
between the assumed value of random variable and the
mean.
Var (X)= Σ 𝐶𝑥 − 𝜇 2 P(x)] or
Q2= Σ 𝐶𝑥 − 𝜇 2 P(x)]
Where x=outcome
𝜇 = population mean
P(x)= probability of the outcome
The larger the variance, the farther are the
values of X from the mean. It is tricky to
interpret since it uses the square of the unit of
measure of X.
Standard deviation of a discrete random variable
X is written as
𝜎. It is the squre root of the variance.
𝜎 = Σ[ 𝑥 − 𝜇 2P(x)]
Ex. Determine the variance and the standard deviation of
the following probability mass function.
x 1 2 3 4 5 6
P(x) 0.15 0.25 0.30 0.15 0.10 0.05
Steps:1. Find the expected value
2. Subtract the expected value from each outcome.
Square each difference.
3. Multiply each difference by the corresponding
probability.
4. Sum up all the figures obtained in Step 3.
X P(x) XP(x) (x-𝝁)𝟐 x-𝝁)^𝟐 𝑷(𝒙)
x-𝝁

1 0.15 0.15 1-2.95=-1.95 3.8025 0.570375

2 0.25 0.50 2-2.95=-0.95 0.9025 0.225625
3 0.30 0.90 3-2.95=0.05 0.0025 0.000750
4 0.15 0.60 4-2.95=1.05 1.1025 0.165375
5 0.10 0.50 5-2.95=2.05 4.2025 0.420250
6 0.05 0.30 6-2.95=3.05 9.3025 0.465125
Σ[𝑥𝑃 𝑥 =1.8475
= 2.95
E(X)=Σ 𝑥𝑃 𝑥 = 2.9
𝜎 2 = Σ[(𝑥 − 𝜇)^2 P(x)]
=1.8475≅ 1.85
Σ[(𝑥 − 𝜇)^2 P(x)]
𝜎=

= 1.359227 ≈ 1.36
Find the mean, variance and standard deviation of the following:
1. x 0 1 2 3 4
P(x)
0.09 0.19 0.39 0.22 0.11
x 0 1 2 3 4 5
2.
P(x) 0.11 0.22 0.33 0.25 0.09 0.36

3. x 0 1 2 3 4 5
P(x) 0.05 0.13 0.31 0.30 0.14 0.07
4. x 0 1 2 3 4 5
P(x) 0.10 0.41 0.19 0.15 0.10 0.05
Problems Involving Mean and Variance of
Probability Distribution
Example. The officers of SJA class 71 decided to
conduct a lottery for the benefit of the less
privileged students of their alma mater. Two
hundred tickets will be sold. One ticket will win
P5000 price and the other tickets will win
nothing. If you will buy one ticket, what will be
your expected gain?
Sol. One ticket will have a gain of P 5000 but the
probability of winning will only be 1/200 of
0.005. The remaining tickets will have a gain of
₱ 0, and the probability will be 199/200 or 0.995.
X P(x) XP (x)
0 0.995 0
5,000 0.005 25
∑(xP(x)= 25
2. The officers of the faculty of a public high
school are planning to sell 160 tickets to be
raffled during the Christmas party. One ticket
will win ₱ 3,000. The other tickets will win
nothing. If you are a faculty member of the
school and you will buy one ticket, what will
be the expected value and variance of your
gain?
Sol. One ticket will have a gain of ₱ 3000 but the
probability of winning will only be 1/160 or 0.00625.
The remaining tickets will have a gain of ₱ 0, and the
probability will be 159/160 or 0.00375.
X P(x) xP(x) X^2 P(x)
0 0.99375 0 0
3,000 0.00625 18.75 56,250
∑[ xP(x)]= ∑[x^2 P (x)]=
18.75 56, 250
a. E(X)= ∑[ xP(x)]= 18.75
b.𝜎 2 = ∑[x^2 P (x)] – (∑[ xP(x)] )^2
= 56, 250- (18.75)^2
= 55,898.44
Therefore, the expected value is ₱ 18.75
The variance of your gain is 55,898.44 and it indicates
how spread out the values of x are around the mean.
Given this large value, this shows that the values are
very far away from each other.
Seat work. 30 pts.
Jacks tosses an unbiased coin. He
receives P50 if a head appears and
he pays back P30 if a tail appears.
Find the expected value and
variance of his gain.
X P(x) xP(x) X^2 P(x)
-30 ½ or 0.5 -15 450
50 ½ or 0.5 25 1250
∑[ xP(x)]= ∑[x^2 P
10 (x)]=1,700

a. E(X)=∑[ xP(x)]= 10

b. 𝜎 2= ∑[x^2 P (x)] – (∑[ xP(x)] )^2

= 1700-100= 1600
 Title Lorem Ipsum

01 02 03
Lorem ipsum dolor Nunc viverra Pellentesque
sit amet, imperdiet enim. habitant morbi
consectetuer Fusce est. Vivamus tristique senectus et
adipiscing elit. a tellus. netus.
The Normal
Distribution
The most important of all continuous probability
distribution is the normal distribution. The graph is called
the normal curve, a bell-shape curve.
The normal distribution, also known as the Gaussian
Distribution has the following formula.
A normal distribution is determined by two parameter the
mean 𝜇 and the standard deviation 𝜎. If the mean 𝜇 is 0
and the standard deviation 𝜎 is 1, then the normal
distribution is a standard normal distribution.
A random variable Z has a standard
normal distribution, denoted by
Z~ 𝑁 0,1 . 𝐼𝑓 𝑖𝑡𝑠 𝑝𝑑𝑓 𝑖𝑠 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑏𝑦
1 1
𝑓 𝑧 = ℯ^- z^2 , -∞ < 𝑥 < ∞.
2𝑛 2
Example 1. Find the area between z=0 and
z=1.54.
Example 2. Find the area between x= 1.52 and
z=2.5
Sol. Let A1 area between z=0 and z= 1.52
Let A2 =area between z=0 and z= 2.5
From the table
A1 =0.4357
A2 = 0.4938
A= A2 - A1 = 0.4938- 0.4357
3. Find the area to the right of z= 1.56
Let A= area to the right of z= 1.56
A1 = area between z=0 and z=1.56
0.5= the area of half the curve
From the table :
A1 =0.4406
A= 0.5- A1
= 0.5- 0.4406
= 0.0594
Hence, the area to the right of z= 1.56 is 0.0594.
4. Find the area between z=0 and
z= -1.65.
5.Find the area between z=-1.5
and z=-2.5
6. Find the area between z= -1.35 and z= 2.95
7. Find the area to the right of z= -1.8
Standard score or z-score measure how many
standard deviation a given value (x) is above or
below the mean.
For sample:
Z= x-x̄/ s
Wher z= standard score
X= raw score or observe value
x̄= sample mean
S= sample standard deviation
For Population:
Z= x−𝜇/ 𝜎
Where:
z= standard score
X=raw score or observe value
𝜇 = population mean
𝜎= population standard deviation
Ex. On the examination in Gen Math, the mean was 75
and the standard deviation was 12. Determine the
standard score of a student who received a score of 6
assuming that the score are normally distributed.

Sol.
Z= x- x̄ / s
=60-75/ 12
= -1.25
On the first periodic exam on Statistics, the population
mean was 70 and the population standard deviation was 9.
Determine the standard score of a student who got a score
of 88 assuming that the score are normally distributed.

Z= x-𝜇/ 𝜎
= 88-70/9
 A discrete random variable X has this probability
distribution:
X 0 1 2 3 4
P(x) 0.12 0.25 0.18 0.35 0.10

1.Find the variance and the standard deviation using the two
formula
2.Solve for Z
3.Illustrate the normal distribution
SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION
SIT DOLOR AMET
A sampling distribution refers to a probability
distribution of a statistic that comes from
choosing random samples of a given
population. Also known as a finite-sample
distribution, it represents the distribution of
frequencies on how spread apart various
outcomes will be for a specific population.
Difference between sampling distribution to
normal distribution:
A normal distribution is a continuous
probability distribution with a specific mean
and variance. In contrast, the sampling
distribution of the means is the distribution
of the different means of the samples
A simple random sampling is a sampling technique in which
every element of the population has the same probability of
being selected for inclusion in the sample.
Two different ways:Lottery method or table of random
numbers.
Example 1. A researcher wants to study the effects of social
media on Grade 11 students in NDSCP. He wishes to use the
simple random sampling technique in choosing the members
of his sample. If there are 300 Grade 11 students in the
school, how many students should there be in his sample?
Step 1. Determine the number of students that shoul
be in the sample by using Slovin’s Formula.
𝑁
n= 1+𝑁𝑒^2

Where n= number of samples needed

N= population size
e= margin of error
Note: for the margin of error, use 5%
 300
n=
1+(300)(0.05)^2
=300/ 1 + (300)(0.05)^2
= 300/1+(300)(0.0025)
=300/1+0.75
=300/1.75
n= 171
Step 2, Assign a number to each member of the
population. In this problem, assign a number to
each of the students.
3. Write the number on pieces of paper with the
same size and shape. Fold the pieces of paper.
4. Put all the folded pieces of paper in a bowl or
box.
5. Without looking, randomly pick out 171 folded
pieces from the bowl or box.
2. A grade 11 students wants to make a stud on the opinions
of Grade 8 students concerning the use of the Filipino
language in the teaching of mathematics. There are 510
Grade 8 students in the school where the study is to be
conducted. If you were the student, how are you going to do
it by using a Table of random Numbers?
Sol. Multiply 510 by 10% to obtain the members of the
sample.
510 * 10%= 51
Systematic Sampling:
kth element of the population is selected until the desired
number of elements in the sample is obtained.
k= number of elements in the population/ number of elements
in the sample
k= N/n
Where k=sample interval
N= population size
n= sample size
1.In a group of 250 students, how will you select a sample containing 7
students by using the systematic sampling technique?
Step 1. Prepare a sampling frame by randomly arranging the 250
students
2. Assign each students a number from 1 to 250.
3. Find the sampling interval k. Divide the population size 250 by the
sample size 71.
k= N/n
k=250/71
= 3.52 or 4
4. Select a number from the whole number between 0 and k+1 by simple
random technique. The number that are between 0 and k+1 are 1,2,3,
and 4. This chosen value is called as the random start.
5. Assume that the randomly selected number is 2. Use 2 as the
starting number.
6. Select every 4th student from the sampling frame starting from
the 2nd students

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10………….
1st 2nd 3rd

Therefore the number of the sample will then be 2,6,10,14,18,….

Ex.2. In a group f 180 workers, how will you select a sample of
36 workers by using the systematics sampling technique.
Stratified Sampling: The population is partitioned into
several subgroups called strata, base on some
characteristic like, gender, level, age, ethnicity, etc.
1. You want to interview 200 students in your school to
determine on the new school uniform. How are you
going to choose your sample by using stratified
sampling if there are 1,200 students in grade 7; 1100 in
grade 8; 1,050 in grade 9; 940 in grade 10; 900 in grade
11,; and 810 in grade 12?
Compute the sample size in each grade
level
1.G7: 1200/ 6000 * 200= 40
2.G8: 1100/6000*200= 37
3.G9: 1050/6000* 200=35
4.G10: 940/6000* 200=31
5.G11= 900/6000*200= 30
6.G12: 810/6000*200= 27
Sol. Subdivide the population into several strata. In this problem the
population into year level. Then make a table
Population Number of Student Sample
N= 6000 per strata n= 200
Grade 7 1200 40
Grade 8 1100 37
Grade 9 1050 35
Grade 10 940 31
Grade 11 900 30
Grade 12 810 27
Total: 6000 200
2. Ruby , a Statistical student, wants to determine
who care more about their physical appearances,
the male or the female students. She wants to
limit her study to the Grade 10 students. There
are unequael numbers of Grade 10 students: 340
are male and 500 are female. She wants her
sample to consist only of 50 stratified sampling
technique.
Cluster or Area Sampling
1.A researcher wants to determine who among the families
in a small town are using the new detergent product. Hoe
is she going to do this using the cluster sampling technique
Note:.Devide he population into cluster. Use barrios as
clustering
Note: Not all the families in each selected barrios will be
included in the study. Select the final families by using
simple random sample or systematic random sampling
technique.
1.Find the sample and the number of each students
for each stratum, of the following students which
classified according to the following scheme:
Classification Number of Students

Above Average IQ 1000

Average IQ 2000

Below Average 800

2. Suppose you want to determine the number of students
for each stratum for a sample of 500 students in the
following classification. How large a sample must you take
from each stratum?
Classification Number of Students
Grade 1 1000
Grade2 850
Grade3 820
Grade 4 800
Grade 5 780
Grade 6 730
1.A probability distribution of a statistic that comes from choosing
random samples of a given population is __________________.
2.A sampling technique in which every element of the population has
the same probability of being selected for inclusion in the sample is
__________________.
3.A random sampling technique in which selects every nth element of
the population for the sample, with the starting point determined at
random from the first n elements is __________________.
4.A technique which selects random samples from mutually
exclusive subpopulations strata of the population is
__________________.
5.A random sampling technique in which the entire population is
broken into small groups is __________________.
Identify the type of sampling technique used by the researcher in each of
the following situation. Write RS if it is simple random sampling, SR if it
is systematic random sampling, SRS if it is stratified random sampling,
and CRS if it is cluster random sampling. Write your answer in the space
provided.

___________ 6. The office clerk gave the researcher a list of 500 Grade
10 students. The researcher selected every 10th name on the list.
___________ 7. In recent research that was conducted in a private
school, the subjects of the study were selected by using the Table of
Random Numbers.
___________ 8. A researcher interviewed people from each in the
province of Albay for his research on population.
___________ 9. A researcher selected a sample of n= 120 from a
___________ 9. A researcher selected a sample of n= 120 from a
population of 850 by using Table of Random Number.
10. A researcher interviewed all top 10 Grade 11 students in
each of 15 randomly selected private schools in Metro Manila.
___________ 11. A teacher conducted a study in her school to
determine who were better kin mathematics: the boys or the
girls.
___________ 12. A researcher surveyed all diabetic patients in
each of the 25 randomly selected hospital in South Cotabato.
13-30.Suppose a television station wants to
conduct a survey on which TV programs a
certain neighborhood watches at noontime.
The station wants to include only 20
household but there are more than hundred
households in the neighborhood. How will
the station pick the households?
TITLE LOREM IPSUM

LOREM IPSUM DOLOR SIT AMET, NUNC VIVERRA IMPERDIET ENIM. PELLENTESQUE HABITANT MORBI
CONSECTETUER ADIPISCING ELIT. FUSCE EST. VIVAMUS A TELLUS. TRISTIQUE SENECTUS ET NETUS.